ISSN:
1573-6881
Keywords:
(Na + K)-ATPase
;
phosphatase
;
calcium
;
magnesium
;
manganese
;
oligomycin
;
dimethyl sulfoxide
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Physics
Notes:
Abstract Phosphatase activity of a kidney (Na + K)-ATPase preparation was optimally active with Mg2+ plus K+. Mn2+ was less effective and Ca2+ could not substitute for Mg2+. However, adding Ca2+ with Mg2+ or substituting Mn2+ for Mg2+ activated it appreciably in the absence of added K+, and all three divalent cations decreased apparent affinity for K+. Inhibition by Na+ decreased with higher Mg2+ concentrations, when Ca2+ was added, and when Mn2+ was substituted for Mg2+. Dimethyl sulfoxide, which favorsE 2 conformations of the enzyme, increased apparent affinity for K+, whereas oligomycin, which favorsE 1 conformations, decreased it. These observations are interpretable in terms of activation through two classes of cation sites. (i) At divalent cation sites, Mg2+ and Mn2+, favoring (under these conditions)E 2 conformations, are effective, whereas Ca2+, favoringE 1, is not, and monovalent cations complete. (ii) At monovalent cation sites divalent cations compete with K+, and although Ca2+ and Mn2+ are fairly effective, Mg2+ is a poor substitute for K+, while Na+ at these sites favorsE 1 conformations. K+ increases theK m for substrate, but both Ca2+ and Mn2+ decrease it, perhaps by competing with K+. On the other hand, phosphatase activity in the presence of Na+ plus K+ is stimulated by dimethyl sulfoxide, by higher concentrations of Mg2+ and Mn2+, but not by adding Ca2+; this is consistent with stimulation occurring through facilitation of an E1 to E2 transition, perhaps an E1-P to E2-P step like that in the (Na + K)-ATPase reaction sequence. However, oligomycin stimulates phosphatase activity with Mg2+ plus Na+ alone or Mg2+ plus Na+ plus low K+: this effect of oligomycin may reflect acceleration, in the absence of adequate K+, of an alternative E2-P to E1 pathway bypassing the monovalent cation-activated steps in the hydrolytic sequence.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00751061
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