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  • Articles  (36)
  • Kinetics
  • Pregnancy
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (36)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1980-1984  (36)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1930-1934
  • 1984  (36)
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  • Articles  (36)
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Keywords
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (36)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer  (10)
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  • 1980-1984  (36)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1930-1934
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  • 1
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    Optical measurements of extracellular calcium depletion during a single heartbeat (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-10-12
    Description: The impermeant dye antipyrylazo III was used to measure depletion of extracellular calcium and net influx of calcium through the sarcolemma during the cardiac action potential. It was found that calcium entry occurs continuously during the action potential and is under direct control of the membrane potential. The inotropic action of epinephrine is accompanied by increased influx of calcium, while strophanthidin enhances the twitch without altering calcium influx during the action potential.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cleemann, L -- Pizarro, G -- Morad, M -- HL16152/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Oct 12;226(4671):174-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6091269" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Epinephrine/pharmacology ; Extracellular Space/*metabolism ; Ion Channels ; Kinetics ; *Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Naphthalenesulfonates ; Ranidae ; Sarcolemma/*metabolism ; Spectrophotometry ; Stimulation, Chemical ; Strophanthidin/pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 2
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    Cell biology of synaptic plasticity (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-21
    Description: The nervous system of mammals retains throughout the animals' life-span the ability to modify the number, nature, and level of activity of its synapses. Synaptic plasticity is most evident after injury to the nervous system, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms that make it possible are beginning to be understood. Transplantation of brain tissue provides a powerful approach for studying mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. In turn, understanding the response of the central nervous system to injury can be used to optimize transplant survival and integration with the host brain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cotman, C W -- Nieto-Sampedro, M -- AG 00538/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MH 19691/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 21;225(4668):1287-94.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aging ; Animals ; Brain/*growth & development/*physiology ; Cerebral Cortex/physiology/transplantation ; Denervation ; Female ; Humans ; Nerve Regeneration ; *Neuronal Plasticity ; Peripheral Nerves/physiology ; Pregnancy ; Synapses/*physiology
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  • 3
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    Test-tube embryology in the dock (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickson, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 10;225(4662):606.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6740327" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Embryo Research ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; *Government Regulation ; Great Britain ; Humans ; *Legislation, Medical ; Oocyte Donation ; Pregnancy ; special license be required for all embryo experimentation and that any ; unlicensed research be considered a criminal offense. Regulation would be by a ; new statutory body responsible for monitoring in vitro fertilization research and ; various types of fertility treatments. Surrogate motherhood would be prohibited. ; Reservations expressed by professional groups as well as by some committee ; members about the restrictions reflect legal and social problems surrounding the ; uses of human embryos.
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  • 4
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    Chemical mutation of enzyme active sites (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: New active sites can be introduced into naturally occurring enzymes by the chemical modification of specific amino acid residues with the use of appropriately designed coenzyme analogs. The resultant semisynthetic enzymes can have catalytic activities very different from those of the corresponding native enzymes. For example, papain has been converted into a highly effective oxidoreductase by covalent modification of the sulfhydryl group of the active site cysteine residue (Cys25) with flavins such as 8-bromoacetyl-10-methylisoalloxazine. Thus, it is now possible to enhance the catalytic versatility of existing enzymes through the process of "chemical mutation" of the active site.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kaiser, E T -- Lawrence, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):505-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6238407" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anaerobiosis ; *Binding Sites ; Catalysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; *Chemistry ; Chymotrypsin ; Enzymes/*chemical synthesis ; Flavins ; Kinetics ; NAD/metabolism ; Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Papain ; Stereoisomerism ; Toluene/analogs & derivatives/metabolism
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  • 5
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    Inhibition of cholesterol crystal formation by apolipoproteins in supersaturated model bile (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-03
    Description: Apolipoproteins A-1 and A-2 were purified from human plasma. At concentrations present in human bile these proteins prolonged the nucleation time of cholesterol monohydrate crystals when added to model systems of supersaturated bile. In contrast, apolipoprotein C-3 and other serum proteins did not have this effect. Also, when human gallbladder bile was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography, apolipoproteins A-1 and A-2 were among the proteins present in a fraction of bile enriched in potent inhibitors of cholesterol crystal nucleation. These findings suggest that apolipoproteins A-1 and A-2 in supersaturated human gallbladder bile could inhibit the rate of formation of solid cholesterol crystals and thus help to prevent spontaneous cholesterol gallstone formation in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kibe, A -- Holzbach, R T -- LaRusso, N F -- Mao, S J -- AM-17562/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM-24031/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- HL-32317/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 3;225(4661):514-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6429856" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoprotein A-II ; Apolipoproteins/*blood ; Bile/*physiology ; Cholesterol/*metabolism ; Crystallization ; Gallbladder/physiology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lipoproteins, HDL/*blood ; Models, Biological
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  • 6
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    Mating and pregnancy can occur in genetically hypogonadal mice with preoptic area brain grafts (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Adult female hypogonadal mice, in whom hypogonadism is secondary to a genetic deficiency in hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), are infertile. Mating, pregnancy, and delivery of healthy litters were achieved after transplantation of normal fetal preoptic area tissue, a major site of GnRH-containing cell bodies, into the third ventricle of adult female hypogonadal mice. Immunocytochemistry revealed GnRH-containing neurons in the grafts and GnRH-containing processes extending to the lateral median eminence of the host brains.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gibson, M J -- Krieger, D T -- Charlton, H M -- Zimmerman, E A -- Silverman, A J -- Perlow, M J -- 1RO1NS20335/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):949-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6382608" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Cerebral Ventricles/pathology ; *Copulation ; Female ; Hypogonadism/genetics/pathology/*physiopathology ; Infertility, Female/etiology/*therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons/analysis ; Ovulation ; Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones/analysis/*deficiency ; Pregnancy ; Preoptic Area/*transplantation ; *Reproduction
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  • 7
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    Studying learning in the womb (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-20
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 20;225(4659):302-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6740312" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Learning/*physiology ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rats
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  • 8
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    Prolongation of rat islet allograft survival by direct ultraviolet irradiation of the graft (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: Ultraviolet irradiation of rat dendritic cells completely abrogated their allostimulatory capacity in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. Rat islets of Langerhans similarly irradiated remained hormonally functional when transplanted into syngeneic diabetic rats. Allogeneic transplantation across a major histocompatibility barrier of islets initially treated in vitro with ultraviolet irradiation resulted in prolonged allograft survival without the use of any immunosuppressive agents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lau, H -- Reemtsma, K -- Hardy, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):607-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6420888" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Survival/radiation effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Islets of Langerhans/radiation effects ; *Islets of Langerhans Transplantation ; Kinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew ; Transplantation, Homologous ; Transplantation, Isogeneic ; *Ultraviolet Rays
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  • 9
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    Influence of spaceflight on erythrokinetics in man (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-13
    Description: A significant postflight reduction in the circulating red cell mass has been observed in both the American and Soviet manned programs. The mechanism and etiology of this loss were studied in blood samples from the four payload crewmen of Spacelab 1 taken before, during, and after flight. These samples and samples from control groups on the ground were analyzed for selected hematological and biochemical parameters, which were chosen on the basis of data previously collected, the restraints imposed by the use of human subjects, and the guidelines established for the first Spacelab mission. Twenty-two hours after weightless exposure, there was an increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit. On day 7 in flight, the hemoglobin and hematocrit remained high and there was a slight decrease in reticulocyte number. On landing, red cell mass, plasma volume, hematocrit, and reticulocyte number were decreased. Throughout the 2-week postflight sampling period, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and reticulocyte number remained below the preflight value. Since this crew was not exposed to 100 percent oxygen these results are viewed as evidence that other spaceflight factors cause the measured red cell mass reduction.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Leach, C S -- Johnson, P C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 13;225(4658):216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6729477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Erythrocyte Count ; Erythrocyte Volume ; Erythrocytes/*physiology ; Erythropoiesis ; Erythropoietin/blood ; Hematocrit ; Hemoglobins/analysis ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Reticulocytes ; *Space Flight
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Prenatal exposure to carbon monoxide: learning and memory deficits (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-01-27
    Description: Exposing pregnant rats to carbon monoxide (150 parts per million) produced only minor reductions in the birth weights of the pups and gave no evidence of overt teratogenesis. However, behavioral evaluation of learning and memory processes in a two-way avoidance task suggested a functional deficit in the central nervous system of the exposed offspring. Multiple dependent measures and specific control groups confirmed that this deficit was independent of nonassociative or motivational alterations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Mactutus, C F -- Fechter, L D -- ES 01589/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- ES 07094/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jan 27;223(4634):409-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6691152" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects ; Birth Weight/drug effects ; Carbon Monoxide/*toxicity ; Conditioning (Psychology) ; Female ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Pregnancy ; *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats
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  • 11
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    Inhibitors of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) synthesis: effect on other metabolic processes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: 3-Aminobenzamide and benzamide, purported to be specific inhibitors of the synthesis of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose), were used to elucidate possible functions of this biopolymer. These compounds, at frequently used experimental concentrations, not only inhibited the action of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) synthetase but also affected cell viability, glucose metabolism, and DNA synthesis. Thus, the usefulness of 3-aminobenzamide and benzamide may be severely restricted by the difficulty of finding a dose small enough to inhibit the synthetase without producing additional metabolic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Milam, K M -- Cleaver, J E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):589-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6420886" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzamides/*toxicity ; Cell Line ; DNA Replication/drug effects ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes ; Nucleoside Diphosphate Sugars/*biosynthesis ; Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose/*biosynthesis ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases/metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 12
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    Arabinosylcytosine induces fetal hemoglobin in baboons by perturbing erythroid cell differentiation kinetics (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: Arabinosylcytosine, a compound that inhibits DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells, stimulates fetal hemoglobin in adult baboons and produces significant perturbations in the pools of erythroid progenitors. It appears that changes in the kinetics of erythroid cell differentiation rather than direct action on the gamma genes underlie stimulation of fetal hemoglobin in the adult animals in vivo. These results also suggest that chemotherapeutic agents selected for their low carcinogenic or mutagenic potential could be used for therapeutic induction of fetal hemoglobin in patients with sickle cell anemia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Papayannopoulou, T -- Torrealba de Ron, A -- Veith, R -- Knitter, G -- Stamatoyannopoulos, G -- GM 15253/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- HL-07093/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL-20899/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):617-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6200940" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/drug therapy ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation/*drug effects ; Cytarabine/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Erythropoiesis/*drug effects ; Fetal Hemoglobin/*biosynthesis ; Kinetics ; Papio ; Reticulocytes/drug effects
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  • 13
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    Lymphokine production by cultured human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus-I (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: Cell-free conditioned media from human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV-I) were tested for the production of soluble biologically active factors, including several known lymphokines. The cell lines used were established from patients with T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and from human umbilical cord blood and bone marrow leukocytes transformed by HTLV-I in vitro. All of the cell lines liberated constitutively one or more of the 12 biological activities assayed. These included macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF), leukocyte migration enhancing factor (MEF), macrophage activating factor (MAF), differentiation inducing factor (DIF), colony stimulating factor (CSF), eosinophil growth and maturation activity (eos. GMA), fibroblast activating factor (FAF), gamma-interferon and, in rare instances, T-cell growth factor (TCGF). Some cell lines produced interleukin 3 (IL-3), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), or B-cell growth factors (BCGF). Such cells should prove useful for the production of lymphokines and as sources of specific messenger RNA's for their genetic cloning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Salahuddin, S Z -- Markham, P D -- Lindner, S G -- Gootenberg, J -- Popovic, M -- Hemmi, H -- Sarin, P S -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):703-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Neoplasm/analysis ; Bone Marrow ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia/*microbiology ; Lymphokines/*biosynthesis ; Lymphoma/*microbiology ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
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  • 14
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    Benzodiazepine receptor synthesis and degradation by neurons in culture (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: The benzodiazepine-gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor complex was used to study functional receptor synthesis and degradation in primary cultures of neurons. Fifty percent of the receptors turned over with an unusually rapid half-life (4 hours); this was followed by a second, slower phase (32 hours). These results provide the basis for elucidating the mechanism by which neurons derived from the central nervous system control neurotransmitter receptor number, an important problem in cellular neurobiology. The findings may be of significance in the study of neurological and psychiatric disorders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Borden, L A -- Czajkowski, C -- Chan, C Y -- Farb, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):857-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6093257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Flunitrazepam/metabolism ; Half-Life ; Kinetics ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Receptors, GABA-A/biosynthesis/*metabolism ; Spinal Cord/cytology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/physiology
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  • 15
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    Novel pharmacology of substance K-binding sites: a third type of tachykinin receptor (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: The tachykinins are a family of peptides with the carboxyl terminal amino acid sequence Phe-X-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2. Three major mammalian tachykinins have been identified--substance K, neuromedin K, and substance P--but only two tachykinin receptors have been postulated. Three tachykinins were labeled with radioiodinated Bolton-Hunter reagent and their binding characteristics were determined in crude membrane suspensions from several tissues. In cerebral cortex labeled eledoisin exhibited high-affinity binding that was inhibited by tachykinins in a manner indicating a definitive SP-E receptor site. In gastrointestinal smooth muscle and bladder, high-affinity binding of labeled substance P was inhibited in a pattern indicating a definitive SP-P site. In intestinal smooth muscle and bladder, however, labeled substance K and labeled eledoisin were both bound in a pattern indicating a preference for substance K itself. The results suggest the existence of three distinct types of tachykinin receptors: SP-P, SP-E, and SP-K.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buck, S H -- Burcher, E -- Shults, C W -- Lovenberg, W -- O'Donohue, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):987-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6095447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/*metabolism ; Duodenum/*metabolism ; Guinea Pigs ; Intestine, Small/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Organ Specificity ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Neurokinin-2 ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*metabolism ; *Receptors, Tachykinin ; Species Specificity ; Tachykinins ; Urinary Bladder/*metabolism
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  • 16
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    The molecular basis of neuronal excitability (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: Neurons process and transmit information in the form of electrical signals. Their electrical excitability is due to the presence of voltage-sensitive ion channels in the neuronal plasma membrane. In recent years, the voltage-sensitive sodium channel of mammalian brain has become the first of these important neuronal components to be studied at the molecular level. This article describes the distribution of sodium channels among the functional compartments of the neuron and reviews work leading to the identification, purification, and characterization of this membrane glycoprotein.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Catterall, W A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):653-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320365" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Electric Organ ; Electrophorus ; Ion Channels/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Macromolecular Substances ; Membrane Proteins/genetics/isolation & purification ; Molecular Weight ; Muscles/metabolism ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/isolation & purification ; Neurons/*metabolism/physiology ; Neurotoxins/pharmacology ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Sodium/*metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 17
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    VA study of twins may be canceled (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):521.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6387909" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/adverse effects ; 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid/adverse effects ; Combat Disorders/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/adverse effects ; *Twins/psychology ; United States ; *United States Department of Veterans Affairs ; *Veterans ; Vietnam
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  • 18
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    Human chorionic gonadotropin secreted by preimplantation embryos cultured in vitro (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-24
    Description: Human oocytes were collected by laparoscopy and fertilized and cultured in vitro. Human chorionic gonadotropin was detected in the medium surrounding two embryos cultured for more than 7 days after fertilization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fishel, S B -- Edwards, R G -- Evans, C J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 24;223(4638):816-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6546453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blastocyst/*physiology ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/*secretion ; *Embryonic Development ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Trophoblasts/physiology
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  • 19
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    Cyclophilin: a specific cytosolic binding protein for cyclosporin A (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: Cyclophilin, a specific cytosolic binding protein responsible for the concentration of the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A by lymphoid cells, was purified to homogeneity from bovine thymocytes. Cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography resolved a major and minor cyclophilin species that bind cyclosporin A with a dissociation constant of about 2 X 10(-7) moles per liter and specific activities of 77 and 67 micrograms per milligram of protein, respectively. Both cyclophilin species have an apparent molecular weight of 15,000, an isoelectric point of 9.6, and nearly identical amino acid compositions. A portion of the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence of the major species was determined. The cyclosporin A-binding activity of cyclophilin is sulfhydryl dependent, unstable at 56 degrees C and at pH 4 or 9.5, and sensitive to trypsin but not to chymotrypsin digestion. Cyclophilin specifically binds a series of cyclosporin analogs in proportion to their activity in a mixed lymphocyte reaction. Isolation of cyclophilin from the cytosol of thymocytes suggests that the immunosuppressive activity of cyclosporin A is mediated by an intracellular mechanism, not by a membrane-associated mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Handschumacher, R E -- Harding, M W -- Rice, J -- Drugge, R J -- Speicher, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):544-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6238408" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carrier Proteins/*isolation & purification/metabolism ; Cattle ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cyclosporins/*metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Isoelectric Point ; Kinetics ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase
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  • 20
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    Spatially nonuniform changes in intracellular calcium ion concentrations (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-04-20
    Description: The spatial variation of changes in intracellular calcium ions were studied with a one-dimensional scanning microphotometer. Changes in intracellular calcium were measured with a metallochromic dye, arsenazo III. Both the magnitude and the kinetics of changes in calcium were dramatically different in different regions of a cell. In Limulus ventral photoreceptors the maximum change was probably restricted to the rhabdomeric lobe.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Harary, H H -- Brown, J E -- EY0914/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- EY0915/EY/NEI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 20;224(4646):292-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6710144" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arsenazo III/metabolism ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Diffusion ; Horseshoe Crabs/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Photoreceptor Cells/*metabolism ; Spectrophotometry
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  • 21
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    VA to study twins (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Holden, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 16;223(4641):1157.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6367037" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Combat Disorders/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; *Military Medicine ; Pregnancy ; *Twins ; United States ; United States Department of Veterans Affairs ; *Veterans ; Vietnam ; *Warfare
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  • 22
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    Perinatal dopamine-related drugs demasculinize rats (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-01
    Description: Administration of haloperidol, a common neuroleptic, to pregnant or lactating rats impaired the masculine sex behavior of their male offspring. Prenatal haloperidol did not affect testosterone concentrations in fetuses. Maternal administration of apomorphine, a dopamine agonist, and of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, an inhibitor of dopamine synthesis, also demasculinized male offspring. In both experiments other behaviors and developmental milestones were unaffected. Perinatal haloperidol, apomorphine, and alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine did not lower testosterone in adulthood. These drugs may act directly on neurons that control masculine behavior without lowering testosterone prenatally or in adulthood.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hull, E M -- Nishita, J K -- Bitran, D -- Dalterio, S -- 2S07RR0706618/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- HD 16329/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- MH 3593901/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 1;224(4652):1011-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719125" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Dopamine/*physiology ; Ejaculation/drug effects ; Female ; Haloperidol/*pharmacology ; Male ; Methyltyrosines/pharmacology ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*drug effects/physiology ; Testosterone/blood
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  • 23
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    Phosphorylation events during Mullerian duct regression (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: Regression of the fetal rat Mullerian duct in vitro was stimulated by sodium fluoride in the absence of Mullerian inhibiting substance. The action of Mullerian inhibiting substance was inhibited by sodium vanadate, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, and several related nucleotides in the presence of manganese ions. Epidermal growth factor specifically inhibited the substance, but only with manganese ions present. Insulin, platelet-derived growth factor, and nerve growth factor had no effect. These results suggest that dephosphorylation of membrane proteins mediates the action of Mullerian inhibiting substance.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hutson, J M -- Fallat, M E -- Kamagata, S -- Donahoe, P K -- Budzik, G P -- CA-17393/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):586-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6607531" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-Mullerian Hormone ; Cations, Divalent ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology ; Epidermal Growth Factor/pharmacology ; Female ; *Glycoproteins ; *Growth Inhibitors ; Kinetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Mullerian Ducts/drug effects/*physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Sodium Fluoride/pharmacology ; Testicular Hormones/*physiology ; Vanadates ; Vanadium/pharmacology
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    Inhibition of human estrogen synthetase (aromatase) by flavones (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-09-07
    Description: Several naturally occurring and synthetic flavones were found to inhibit the aromatization of androstenedione and testosterone to estrogens catalyzed by human placental and ovarian microsomes. These flavones include (in order of decreasing potency) 7,8-benzoflavone, chrysin, apigenin, flavone, flavanone, and quercetin; 5,6-benzoflavone was not inhibitory. 7,8-Benzoflavone and chrysin were potent competitive inhibitors and induced spectral changes in the aromatase cytochrome P-450 indicative of substrate displacement. Flavones may thus compete with steroids in their interaction with certain monooxygenases and thereby alter steroid hormone metabolism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kellis, J T Jr -- Vickery, L E -- AM1005/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 7;225(4666):1032-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474163" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Androstenedione/*metabolism ; *Aromatase Inhibitors ; Benzoflavones/metabolism/pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; Binding, Competitive ; Female ; Flavonoids/metabolism/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Microsomes/enzymology ; Ovary/*enzymology ; Oxidoreductases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Placenta/*enzymology ; Pregnancy ; Testosterone/*metabolism ; beta-Naphthoflavone
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    Tumor-prone mice--and myc (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-16
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 16;226(4676):823.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6494912" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Mutant Strains/*genetics ; Neoplasms, Experimental/*genetics ; *Oncogenes ; Pregnancy
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  • 26
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    Prenatal alcohol exposure alters adult expression of sexually dimorphic behavior in the rat (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-05-25
    Description: Saccharin preference and performance in a Lashley III maze were found to be altered in adult male and female rats that had been exposed to alcohol during gestation. Specifically, the sexual dimorphism normally observed in both behaviors was absent in fetal alcohol-exposed animals. The lack of sexual dimorphism appeared to result from a masculinization of the exposed females and a feminization of the exposed males.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McGivern, R F -- Clancy, A N -- Hill, M A -- Noble, E P -- AA-03513/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- AA05174/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS/ -- MH08645/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 25;224(4651):896-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6719121" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Animals ; Discrimination Learning/drug effects ; Ethanol/*adverse effects ; Female ; Food Preferences/drug effects ; Gestational Age ; Male ; Pregnancy ; *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ; Rats ; Saccharin ; *Sex Characteristics
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  • 27
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    A potential second messenger role for unsaturated fatty acids: activation of Ca2+-dependent protein kinase (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: Arachidonate and other unsaturated long-chain fatty acids were found to activate protein kinase C from human neutrophils. Kinase activation by arachidonate required calcium and was enhanced by diolein but did not require exogenous phosphatidylserine. Submaximal levels of arachidonate also enhanced the affinity of the kinase for calcium during activation by phosphatidylserine. Thus the release of arachidonate, which is triggered in many cell types by ligand-receptor interactions, could play a second messenger role in the regulation of cellular function by activation of protein kinase C.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McPhail, L C -- Clayton, C C -- Snyderman, R -- 5PO1CA29589/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- 5RO-1DEO3738/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):622-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6231726" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arachidonic Acid ; Arachidonic Acids/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/pharmacology/*physiology ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Neutrophils/enzymology ; Phosphatidylserines/pharmacology ; Protein Kinase C ; Protein Kinases/*metabolism
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  • 28
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    Disulfide bond engineered into T4 lysozyme: stabilization of the protein toward thermal inactivation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: By recombinant DNA techniques, a disulfide bond was introduced at a specific site in T4 lysozyme, a disulfide-free enzyme. This derivative retained full enzymatic activity and was more stable toward thermal inactivation than the wild-type protein. The derivative, T4 lysozyme (Ile3----Cys), was prepared by substituting a Cys codon for an Ile codon at position 3 in the cloned lysozyme gene by means of oligonucleotide-dependent, site-directed mutagenesis. The new gene was expressed in Escherichia coli under control of the (trp-lac) hybrid tac promoter, and the protein was purified. Mild oxidation generated a disulfide bond between the new Cys3 and Cys97, one of the two unpaired cysteines of the native molecule. Oxidized T4 lysozyme (Ile3----Cys) exhibited specific activity identical to that of the wild-type enzyme when measured at 20 degrees C in a cell-clearing assay. The cross-linked protein was more stable than the wild type during incubation at elevated temperatures as determined by recovered enzymatic activity at 20 degrees C.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Perry, L J -- Wetzel, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):555-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6387910" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/enzymology ; *Genetic Engineering ; Kinetics ; Muramidase/*genetics/metabolism ; Protein Denaturation
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  • 29
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    Production of an epidermal growth factor receptor-related protein (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-04-20
    Description: Human epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells in culture produce a soluble 105-kilodalton protein which, by the criteria of epidermal growth factor (EGF) binding, recognition by monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to the EGF receptor, amino-terminal sequence analysis and carbohydrate content, is related to the cell surface domain of the EGF receptor. The high rate of production and the finding that with biosynthetic labeling the specific activity of this 105-kilodalton protein exceeds that of the intact receptor indicate that it is not derived from membrane-bound mature receptor but is separately produced by the cell. These cells thus separately synthesize an EGF receptor that is inserted into the membrane and an EGF receptor-related protein that is secreted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weber, W -- Gill, G N -- Spiess, J -- AM13149/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Apr 20;224(4646):294-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6324343" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Carbohydrates/analysis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/analysis/*biosynthesis ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Cell Surface/analysis/immunology/metabolism
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    Suppression of prolactin in pigs by Escherichia coli endotoxin (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-05-11
    Description: An endotoxin produced by Escherichia coli caused a decrease in prolactin concentrations in the plasma of sows when given at low dosages 2 days postpartum. Five to tenfold increases occurred in the plasma cortisol concentrations. Piglet growth, used as an indicator of milk secretion by the sows, was significantly depressed after the endotoxin administration. Some cases of lactation failure in the periparturient sow may thus be due to endotoxins suppressing prolactin concentrations. This appears to be the first report of a bacterial endotoxin having an effect on prolactin in any species.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Smith, B B -- Wagner, W C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 May 11;224(4649):605-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6369541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Endotoxins/*pharmacology ; *Escherichia coli ; Female ; Lactation/drug effects ; Lactation Disorders/etiology ; Pregnancy ; Prolactin/*blood ; Swine/*physiology
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    Modulation of the metastatic activity of melanoma cells by laminin and fibronectin (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-23
    Description: Metastatic mouse melanoma cells have a high affinity for the basement membrane and the ability to degrade it; these properties may allow tumor cells to invade the membrane and disseminate. In this study it was found that the metastatic potential of mouse melanoma cells varied when the cells were exposed in culture to fibronectin or laminin. After removal of fibronectin or exposure to laminin, the cells had an increased affinity for basement membrane collagen, were more invasive of basement membranes in vitro, and produced more lung colonies in vivo. These changes are correlated with and may be due to an increase in the laminin-binding capacity of the tumor cell surface.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Terranova, V P -- Williams, J E -- Liotta, L A -- Martin, G R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 23;226(4677):982-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6505678" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amnion/physiology ; Animals ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Female ; Fibronectins/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Kinetics ; Laminin/*pharmacology ; Melanoma/*pathology ; Mice ; Neoplasm Metastasis/*pathology ; Pregnancy
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  • 32
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    Virus like sensitivity of the scrapie agent to heat inactivation (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-02-10
    Description: The resistance of the infectious agent of scrapie disease to sterilization at 100 degrees or 121 degrees C is reputed to be inconsistent with the structure of conventional viruses. However, in kinetic studies the majority of hamster scrapie strain 263K infectivity was (like that of previously characterized viruses) rapidly inactivated at temperatures of 100 degrees C or greater. Small resistant subpopulations remained. Similar heat-resistant subpopulations were observed at 60 degrees C for phage lambda but only in the presence of brain homogenate. Brain homogenate may also confer stability to small subfractions of scrapie infectivity. Such refractory subpopulations cannot be used to make structural inferences that are properly obtained from the behavior of the majority population as revealed in the initial inactivation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rohwer, R G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 10;223(4636):600-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6420887" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain/microbiology ; Cricetinae ; *Hot Temperature ; Kinetics ; Prions/*growth & development ; Species Specificity ; Sterilization/methods
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 33
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    Genetic screening: marvel or menace? (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-07-13
    Description: Genetic screening is a systematic search in the population for persons of certain genotypes. The usual purpose is to detect persons who themselves or whose offspring are at risk for genetic diseases or genetically determined susceptibilities to environmental agents. Is genetic screening a marvel about to free us from the scourge of genetic disease or a menace about to invade our privacy and determine who may reproduce? There are three different types of genetic screening. Newborn screening identifies serious genetic disease at birth, permitting prompt treatment to prevent mental and physical retardation. Fetal screening and prenatal diagnosis identify genetic disease in the fetus permitting selective termination of pregnancy and the opportunity to have children free of defects detectable in utero. Carrier screening identifies individuals heterozygous for a gene for a serious recessive disease who may be at risk for affected offspring. The challenge to society is to provide (by way of cost-effective programs) expert services, including genetic counseling and follow-up, to all who may benefit, to ensure confidentiality and freedom of choice, and to avoid misunderstanding and stigmatization. It is recommended that the objective of screening programs should be to maximize the options available to families at risk rather than to reduce the incidence of genetic diseases. Whenever possible, the providers of these services should be the providers of primary health care. Urgently needed are a greater awareness of avoidable genetic diseases on the part of primary care providers and efforts to familiarize the public with the basic concepts of human genetics through the public school system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rowley, P T -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 13;225(4658):138-44.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6729472" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amniocentesis ; Disclosure ; Ethics, Medical ; Female ; *Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; *Genetic Testing ; Heterozygote ; Heterozygote Detection ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Information Dissemination ; Insemination, Artificial ; Mandatory Programs ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors/genetics ; Occupational Medicine ; Personal Autonomy ; Phenylketonurias/genetics ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; *Risk Assessment ; Spermatozoa ; Tay-Sachs Disease/genetics ; Voluntary Programs ; fetal, and carrier, Rowley describes the development and current status of each, ; as well as the ethical, legal, psychological, and social issues involved. He ; briefly considers the special cases of genetic screening of industrial employees ; and of semen donors. He recommends that the goal of screening programs should be ; to maximize the options available to families at risk rather than to reduce the ; incidence of genetic disease. To accomplish this goal, he urges public and ; professional education on human genetics, research on the best delivery ; mechanisms for current technologies, and the clarification and coordination of ; the roles of health care providers, voluntary organizations, and government ; agencies.
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 34
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    Transmammary infection of newborn by larval trematodes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-03-09
    Description: Newborn cats and mice became infected with Alaria marcianae if they nursed from females that had been experimentally infected with the parasite. All lactating females showed mesocercarial stages in their mammary glands. This may be the first trematode found to undergo transmission through the mammary glands under experimental conditions. Similarities in the behavior of mesocercariae in humans and in the mouse suggest that an infected human female might infect her infant if she elected to nurse it.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Shoop, W L -- Corkum, K C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 9;223(4640):1082-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6695195" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cats ; Feces/parasitology ; Female ; *Lactation ; Mammary Glands, Animal/*parasitology ; Maternal-Fetal Exchange ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Trematode Infections/congenital/parasitology/*transmission
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 35
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    Toxicant-disease-environment interactions associated with suppression of immune system, growth, and reproduction (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1984-06-01
    Description: The effects of marginal malnourishment , infections, and environmental chemicals on growth and reproductive success in Swiss-Webster white mice and wild deer mice were studied with fractional factorial designs. Interaction effects were discovered. For example, malnourished mice were more sensitive to virus exposure and environmental chemicals (a plant growth regulator or polychlorinated biphenyls). Since several commercial plant growth regulators also appear to suppress the immune system, these results cast doubt on the adequacy of current toxicity testing procedures in which factors are studied individually and not in combination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Porter, W P -- Hinsdill, R -- Fairbrother, A -- Olson, L J -- Jaeger, J -- Yuill, T -- Bisgaard, S -- Hunter, W G -- Nolan, K -- 5-T32-ES07015/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 1;224(4652):1014-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6426058" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Wild ; Chlormequat/adverse effects ; Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects ; Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine/physiopathology ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Food Supply ; Growth/*drug effects ; Humans ; Immunity/*drug effects ; Mice ; Nutrition Disorders/physiopathology ; Peromyscus ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls/adverse effects ; Pregnancy ; Reproduction/*drug effects ; Water Supply
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 36
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    The enzymatic synthesis of 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside triphosphate (ZTP) (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-16
    Description: 5-Amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide riboside triphosphate (ZTP) is thought to play a regulatory role in cellular metabolism. Unlike other nucleoside triphosphates, ZTP is synthesized in a one-step reaction in which the pyrophosphate group of 5-phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate is transferred to the riboside monophosphate (ZMP) in a reaction catalyzed by 5-phosphoribosyl-l-pyrophosphate synthetase; reversal of this reaction leads to dephosphorylation of ZTP to ZMP. This unusual route of synthesis (and catabolism) of ZTP may be important in defining its metabolic effects in the cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sabina, R L -- Holmes, E W -- Becker, M A -- AM12413/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM28554/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 16;223(4641):1193-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6199843" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Aminoimidazole Carboxamide/analogs & derivatives/*biosynthesis/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Cricetinae ; Imidazoles/*biosynthesis ; Kinetics ; Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Ribonucleosides/pharmacology ; Ribonucleotides/*biosynthesis ; Ribose-Phosphate Pyrophosphokinase/metabolism ; Substrate Specificity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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