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  • taxonomy  (107)
  • Springer  (107)
  • 1995-1999  (101)
  • 1980-1984  (6)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1998  (63)
  • 1995  (38)
  • 1981  (6)
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  • 1995-1999  (101)
  • 1980-1984  (6)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selektive Partnerwahl der Aaskrähe (Corvus corone) in der Hybridisierungszone von Rabenkrähe (C. c. corone) und Nebelkrähe (C. c. cornix) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of ornithology 139 (1998), S. 173-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0361
    Keywords: mate choice ; taxonomy ; phenotypic hybrids ; fitness ; decision rule
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die als Unterarten klassifizierten europäischen Formen der Aaskrähe, Rabenkrähe und Nebelkrähe, besiedeln verschiedene, aneinandergrenzende Verbreitungsgebiete und hybridisieren in der Kontaktzone. Die Nachkommen von Mischpaaren sind fruchtbar und können sowohl mit anderen Hybriden als auch mit Raben- und Nebelkrähen erfolgreich brüten. Trotzdem kommt es zu keiner völligen Vermischung der Formen und/oder Verlagerung der Verbreitungsgebiete. Vor diesem Hintergrund untersuchten wir die Partnerwahl von Aaskrähen in der Hybridisierungszone auf der nordfriesischen Insel Amrum und stellten fest, daß Partner gleichen Phänotyps häufiger miteinander verpaart waren, als stochastisch zu erwarten gewesen wäre. Unsere Daten bestätigen vergleichbare Studien aus Hybridisierungszonen in Italien und Sibirien. Wir schließen daraus, daß phänotypisch selektive Partnerwahl bei der Aaskrähe ein allgemeines Phänomen sein könnte und diskutieren, warum dieses Verhalten anfitness-relevante Parameter gekoppelt sein sollte. Um welche es sich dabei handeln könnte, wurde bisher nicht hinreichend untersucht und muß deshalb offen bleiben.
    Notes: Summary Carrion Crow and Hooded Crow are regarded as subspecies of the Crow. They show frequent hybridisation along the adjacent borders of their distribution. Mixed pairs produce fertile offspring which are able to breed successfully with both hybrids and mates of either phenotype. However, hybridisation does not lead to phenotypic changes of Carrion and Hooded Crows in general nor in their distinct distribution. We studied the mating behaviour of Crows in the hybrid zone on the Island of Amrum (Schleswig-Holstein, Germany) and found evidence that Crows may prefer mates of the same phenotype. Our data confirm previous studies which reported assortative mating with respect to plumage coloration from hybrid zones in Italy and Siberia. We discuss why this behaviour should be related tofitness traits which in our opinion have not yet been studied adequately nor identified.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01651226
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of Taxa in the Genus shape Beta using ITS1 Sequence Information (1998)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology reporter 16 (1998), S. 147-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9818
    Keywords: allele-specific PCR ; Beta ; ITS1 ; plant identification ; rDNA ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sequence variation in the ITS1 locus of the nuclear ribosomal DNA in beets has previously been used to reconstruct phylogeny of the species in the genus Beta. We have developed protocols that allow the identification of Beta taxa by use of taxon-specific primers. Beta sections, species and subspecies can be identified. Differences within the ITS1 region of a single base can be exploited for species identification. The results from this study not only provide effective methods for wild beet identification, but also indicate the potential use of the techniques in other crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007416817736
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The taxonomic impediment in orthopteran research and conservation (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of insect conservation 2 (1998), S. 151-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9753
    Keywords: Orthoptera ; biodiversity ; taxonomy ; conservation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Abstract It is estimated that only 10–15% of the world's insect fauna has been described and named. Efforts to inventory insect biodiversity are hampered by this taxonomic impediment, which is compounded by the logistical problems of an insufficient taxonomic workforce and their remote location in museums thousands of miles from the areas of highest biodiversity. Compared to most other invertebrate groups however, the taxonomic impediment is relatively benign in the order Orthoptera. This is a small to medium-sized order (approximately 20 000 described species) which is well known taxonomically, owing to the group's agricultural importance worldwide. Furthermore, orthopteran taxonomists are now fortunate to have a published up-to-date catalogue of all known species, which has just become accessible as a regularly updated database on the World Wide Web. Whilst new information technology, in the form of e-mail networks, World Wide Web sites and CD-ROM information archives, is already enhancing communication between specialists and helping to reduce the logistical problems of documenting orthopteran biodiversity, a major reinvestment in basic taxonomic research is needed if we are to reduce the existing taxonomic impediment significantly. There is general agreement that an internationally coordinated approach will be necessary and priorities must be set to tackle the biodiversity/systematics crisis. In the future, the Orthoptera can make an important contribution to invertebrate faunal surveys and have potential as an indicator taxon. Furthermore, the Orthoptera Species File establishes a taxonomic framework which could be readily enlarged to include geographic data and phenology of species from existing museum specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009633811789
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scientific Nomenclature of the Red Howlers from the Northeastern Amazon in Brazil, Venezuela, and the Guianas (1998)
    Springer
    International journal of primatology 19 (1998), S. 879-905 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8604
    Keywords: Alouatta seniculus ; taxonomy ; geographic distribution ; Guianas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cytogenetic and morphological studies have begun to reexamine the taxonomy of the red howlers Alouatta seniculus which live throughout the northern and western Amazon basin, in the Guianas, and from northern Colombia and Venezuela, south to Bolivia. We briefly review the current state of knowledge of the taxonomy and distributions of red howlers, in particular, that of the Guianan subspecies. Recently, two names have been applied to populations from this region, Simia straminea Humboldt, 1812, and Alouatta macconnelli Elliot, 1910. Allen (1911, 1916) unquestioningly accepted the validity of A. macconnelli from the Guyana coast, but most subsequent taxonomic revisions (Cruz Lima, 1945; Cabrera, 1957; Husson, 1978) have synonymized it with S. straminea. Tate (1939) and Hill (1962) listed Alouatta seniculus macconnelli, but both doubted its validity. Nevertheless, recent cytogenetic and morphological studies, without due consideration of the taxonomic history of the two scientific names, have led to the resurrection of A. macconnelli, as distinct from S. straminea. The use of the name Alouatta macconnelli has evidently arisen from a cursory reading of Hill (1962) or an uncritical interpretation of his provisional subspecific distribution map or both. There are also contradictory interpretations of a reciprocal translocation as indicating that Simia straminea and Alouatta macconnelli are separate species (Bonvicino et al., 1995) or the same subspecies (Sampaio et al., 1996). Doubts about the type locality of Simia straminea Humboldt, 1812, as given by Hill (1962), led us to research its original description and to conclude that Simia straminea is a synonym of Alouatta caraya and therefore unavailable for Alouatta seniculus. Before A. macconnelli is accepted as the next available name for the Guianan red howlers, however, we advocate a thorough review of Guianan, Venezuelan, and Colombian red howler subspeciation, with due consideration for the taxonomic status of Mycetes auratus and Mycetes laniger Gray, 1845. We note that Alouatta guariba (Humboldt, 1812) is a senior synonym of Alouatta fusca (Saint-Hilaire, 1812).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020349514553
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RAPD technique for taxonomic studies of Pellia epiphylla‐complex (Hepaticae, Metzgeriales) (1998)
    Springer
    Genetica 104 (1998), S. 179-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: genus Pellia ; liverworts ; RAPD ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to study the genomic relationships of three liverworts from the genus Pellia: P. epiphylla, P. borealis and P. neesiana. Altogether 150 characters (150 DNA fragments obtained using PCR) were scored. These characters were used to create a matrix of pairwise distances between all the pairs of taxa. Both distance (UPGMA, Fitch–Margoliash and Neighbor–Joining) and binary character‐state (Wagner and Camin‐Sokal parsimony and compatibility) methods were applied for trees' construction. Our results strongly support distinction of the recently discovered sibling species of P. epiphylla – species N and P. epiphylla – species S, which have an allopatric distribution in Poland (N – North, S – South Poland). Moreover, our data also supports the hypothesis of a hybrid origin (alloploid) of the polyploid P. borealis from P.epiphylla−N×P.epiphylla−S. P. neesiana was excluded as a donor of either of the genomes of P. borealis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003584905461
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The late Cenozoic ampullariidae (mollusca, gastropoda) of the Albertine Rift Valley (Uganda-Zaire) (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 316 (1995), S. 1-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Africa ; autapomorphic characters ; convergence ; evolution ; freshwaters snails ; Lanistes ; Mollusca ; palaeolimnology ; palaeontology ; Pila ; predator/prey coevolution ; riftlakes ; taxonomy ; punctuated equilibrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Albertine Rift Valley (Uganda-Zaire) contains vast sedimentary sequences of late Cenozoic age. They were deposited in an extensive riftlake, Lake Obweruka, which existed from c. 8 Ma to 2.5 Ma and was comparable in size and depth to the present L. Tanganyika. Many freshwater molluscs that occur in these lacustrine deposits are characterised by their aberrant shell morphology, their extreme ornamentation and general form, making them resemble marine species. This convergence, rare in freshwater molluscs, is called thalassoidism and extreme ornamentation in marine as well as in freshwater molluscs is considered to be the result of a gradual process of prey/predator coevolution. In the present paper the Albertine representants of the ampullariid genera Lanistes and Pila, most of which are new to science, are taxonomically described and their phylogenetic relation, based upon apomorphic characters, is given. In addition the evolutionary history of these freshwater snails in the basin has been reconstructed. In the pre-riftlake environment 3 species of Lanistes occurred, with no special shell adaptations against predation. After the formation of a riftlake, 2 of these, colonising the new lacustrine ecospace, changed morphologically and radiated. The 3 derived lines show minor adaptations against predation. After the extinction of the dominant Lanistes species group around 6 Ma, the sole surviving lacustrine Lanistes suddenly radiates, the ancestral line persisting next to the 3 new daughter lines. This second morphological shift is spectacular as it produces shells with distinct thalassoid features. All the Lanistes species of L. Obweruka became extinct during a cataclysmic event around 4.5 Ma. Populations of the genus Pila colonised lacustrine habitats after this event, the derived form also showing striking thalassoid characters. There is no doubt that the intense morphological change occurred during a brief period, geologically speaking. The degree of morphological change in molluscs appears hence not to be linked with time. After the sudden radiation all lineages remain morphologically stable until they became extinct c. 1 Ma later. This pattern corresponds to the punctuated equilibrium model. Other groups (viviparids, thiarids) show more gradual changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019372
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leptepsilonema santii sp.n. from Spain and data on the variability ofL. filiforme (Nemata, Epsilonematidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 310 (1995), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: marine nematodes ; Epsilonematidae ; Leptepsilonema ; taxonomy ; new species
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genusLeptepsilonema is recorded for the first time from the Mediterranean:L. santii sp.n. is characterised by a slender body with a large number of annules (122–128). Cuticular ornamentation with clear ridges and a lateral field of small thorns on both sides of the anteriormost annules are also typical as well as the number and arrangement of copulatory thorns (2–3 pairs, 2 fields), the shape and length (49–58 µm) of spicules in males.L. filiforme is recorded from New Caledonia; specimens largely resemble the original types but are larger. The variability of some morphological structures is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008185
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Additions to the rotifer fauna of south-east Asia: new and rare species from north-east Thailand (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 313-314 (1995), S. 35-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; zoogeography ; Thailand ; taxonomy ; B. niwati n.sp.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ninety-three freshwater habitats in the north-eastern part of Thailand were surveyed for rotifers during March–October 1993. Two hundred species were identified, 120 of which are new to Thailand. Brachionus africanuss Segers, B. lyratus Shephard and Trichocerca hollaerti De Smet are new to Asia. Brachionus niwati n.sp. is described and figured. Brachionus donneri Brehm, Keratella edmondsoni (Ahlstrom) and Lecane blachei Berziņš, endemic to south and southeast Asia, were found also. Comments are presented on some insufficiently known taxa. Of special zoogeographic interest is the record of several species previously considered endemic to Australia. An attempt is made to characterise the Thai rotifer fauna in the light of recent developments in rotifer zoogeography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00025929
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A revision of the Simocephalus (latirostris) species group (Crustacea: Anomopoda: Daphniidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 316 (1995), S. 43-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Daphniidae ; taxonomy ; biogeography ; Simocephalus latirostris ; S. lusaticus ; S. mesorostris sp. n. ; S. (Aquipiculus) subgen. n
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The group of 3 species: Simocephalus latirostris, S. lusaticus and a new species, S. mesorostris, is given the rank of a subgenus. Descriptions and a key for the identification of these species are given. The unknown male of S. latirostris is described. The comparison of the lectotype of S. latitrostis with material from different regions shows that this species is not pantropical as previously supposed. It occurs only in South and Central America. S. mesorostris n. sp., living in Australia, the Malay Archipelago, South-East Asia and Africa, was previously confused with S. latirostris.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019374
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Keratella mexicana sp. nov., a new planktonic rotifer from Aguascalientes, Mexico (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 310 (1995), S. 119-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Keratella ; taxonomy ; morphology ; Rotifera ; Mexico
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new species of Keratella is described from a small reservoir in Aguascalientes, Mexico. The species appears related to K. slacki Bērziņčss, 1963 and K. lenzi Hauer, 1953.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00015530
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Papillonema danieli gen. et sp.n. and Papillonema clavatum (Gerlach, 1957) comb.n. (Nematoda, Desmodoridae) from the Ceriops mangrove sediments of Gazi Bay, Kenya (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 316 (1995), S. 225-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Marine nematodes ; Desmodoridae ; Papillonema gen.n. ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new genus, Papillonema gen.n., is erected to accomodate the two species P. danieli gen. et sp. n. and P. clavatum (Gerlach, 1957) comb.n. from intertidal sediments of a tropical mangrove. Papillonema gen.n. is characterized by prominent papilliform labial sensillae, an elongate muscular terminal bulb (up to 60% of pharyngeal length), and three precloacal supplements. Comments are given on the use of the terms ‘head capsule’, ‘head region’, and ‘cervical setae’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00017439
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
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    Characterization of phenotypically distinct strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri from Southwest Asia (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 104 (1998), S. 477-487 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: citrus bacterial canker ; detection ; epidemiology ; monoclonal antibodies ; variability ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri were isolated from Mexican lime (Citrus aurantifolia) trees in several countries in southwest Asia. These strains produced typical erumpent bacterial canker lesions on Mexican lime but not on grapefruit (C. paradisi). Lesions on grapefruit were watersoaked and blister-like in contrast to the typical erumpent lesions seen after artificial inoculation with all described pathotypes of X. axonopodis pv. citri. This group of strains hydrolysed gelatin and casein and grew in the presence of 3% NaCl as is typical of X. axonopodis pv. citri pathotype A. RFLP analyses and DNA probe hybridization assays also gave results consistent with X. axonopodis pv. citri pathotype A. Metabolic fingerprints prepared with the Biolog® system showed similarities as well as differences to X. axonopodis pv. citri pathotype A. In spite of the physiological and genetic similarities to pathotype A of X. axonopodis pv. citri, these strains had no or very little affinity for polyclonal antiserum prepared against any of the reference strains of X. axonopodis pv. citri and also did not react with monoclonal antibody A1, an antibody that detects all strains of pathotype A of X. axonopodis pv. citri. These strains were also insensitive to bacteriophage Cp3 like X. axonopodis pv. citri pathotype A and unlike X. axonopodis pv. citri pathotype B. We conclude that these strains, designated Xcc-A*, represent a variant of X. axonopodis pv. citri pathotype-A with pathogenicity limited to C. aurantifolia. The existence of extensive genotypic and phenotypic variation within pathotype A of X. axonopodis pv. citri was unexpected and further complicates the systematics of this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008676508688
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dipodascus capitatus, Dipodascus spicifer and Geotrichum clavatum: Genomic characterization (1998)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 74 (1998), S. 229-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Dipodascus capitatus ; D.spicifer ; Geotrichum clavatum ; yeast ; taxonomy ; DNA heterogeneity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The G+C contents of 25 strains of Dipodascus capitatus, Dipodascus spicifer and Geotrichum clavatum were found to be heterogeneous on basis of derivative graphs of the melting profiles. Strains showing similar derivative graphs of the melting curve exhibited high levels of DNA homology (80-100%); strains showing dissimilar derivative graphs exhibited low levels of DNA homology (5 to 45%). Being considered separate taxa on basis of these parameters, D. capitatus, D. spicifer and G. clavatum could be identified by a combination of the key characteristics growth on xylose, cellobiose, salicin and arbutin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1001762024710
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
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    Degradation of 4-chloro-2-methylphenol by an activated sludge isolate and its taxonomic description (1995)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 6 (1995), S. 83-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: Biodegradation ; 2-methyl-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide ; 4-chloro-2-methylphenol ; taxonomy ; waste water treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract The Gram-negative strain S1, isolated from activated sludge, metabolized 4-chloro-2-methylphenol by an inducible pathway via a modifiedortho-cleavage route as indicated by a transiently secreted intermediate, identified as 2-methyl-4-carboxymethylenebut-2-en-4-olide by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Beside 4-chloro-2-methylphenol only 2,4-dichlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol were totally degraded, without an accumulation of intermediates. The chlorinated phenols tested induced activities of 2,4-dichlorophenol hydroxylase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase type II. Phenol itself appeared to be degraded more efficiently via a separate, inducibleortho-cleavage pathway. The strain was characterized with respect to its physiological and chemotaxonomic properties. The fatty acid profile, the presence of spermidine as main polyamine, and of ubiquinone Q-10 allowed the allocation of the strain into the α-2 subclass of theProteobacteria. Ochrobactrum anthropi was indicated by fatty acid analysis as the most similar organism, however, differences in a number of physiological features (e.g. absence of nitrate reduction) and pattern of soluble proteins distinguished strain S1 from this species.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695339
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
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    Ballistosporous yeasts found on the surface of plant materials collected in New Zealand (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 67 (1995), S. 151-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: taxonomy ; yeast ; basidiomycete ; Sporobolomyces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Six new species of ballistosporous yeast, the genusSporobolomyces, were isolated from dead leaves and fruit of plants collected in New Zealand;Sp. novazealandicus, Sp. dimmenae, Sp. coprosmicola, Sp. coprosmae, Sp. dracophyllus, andSp. taupoensis. These species differ from any hitherto known species ofSporobolomyces based on chemotaxonomic characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00871210
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
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    Confirmation of the nomenclatural status ofMalassezia pachydermatis (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 67 (1995), S. 173-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Malassezia pachydermatis ; rhinoceros ; mole% G + C ; nDNA/DNA reassociation ; taxonomy ; nomenclature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Malassezia strains from dogs and rhinoceros all proved identical using mole % G + C and nDNA/DNA reassociation experiments. The use of the nameMalassezia pachydermatis, originally described for a strain isolated from a rhinoceros, is thus justified for non lipid-dependent strains of other sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00871211
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  • 17
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    The diversity ofMalassezia yeasts confirmed by rRNA sequence and nuclear DNA comparisons (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 67 (1995), S. 297-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Malassezia ; yeast ; 25S rRNA sequences ; mole % GC ; nuclear DNA/DNA reassociations ; taxonomy ; epidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract One hundred and fourMalassezia strains (52 isolated from humans and 52 from animals) were compared using large subunit (LSU) ribosomal RNA sequence similarity and nuclear DNA complementarity. Eight groups of strains were recognized as genetically distinct species. Each taxon was confirmed by a homogeneous mole % GC and percentages of DNA/DNA reassociations higher than 85%. The non-lipid-dependentMalassezia yeasts were maintained as the unique taxonM. pachydermatis. In contrast, lipid-dependent strains were shown to be distributed among seven species:M. furfur, M. sympodialis andM. species 1–5. These taxa matched remarkably well with morphological and serological differences documented by previous investigators. The LSU rRNA sequences allowed a further intraspecific resolution with most of genomic taxa represented by several closely related sequences:M. pachydermatis counted up to seven sequences,M. furfur four sequences,M. species 1 comprised three sequences andM. species 2 andM. species 5 two sequences. Three species,M. sympodialis, M. species 3 andM. species 4, displayed a unique type of sequence. Thus, the present report demonstrates the usefulness of sequencing for both taxonomic and epidemiological purposes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00873693
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    PCR-ribotyping of type isolates of currently acceptedExophiala andPhaeococcomyces species (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 35-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: black yeasts ; Exophiala ; Wangiella ; Phaeococcomyces ; PCR-ribotyping ; RFLP ; PCR ; ribosomal repeat ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Portion of the ribosomal repeat of the type strains of the generaExphiala andPhaeococcomyces were subjected to RFLP analysis. The amplicon length of the small subunit rRNA, the fragment NS1-NS24, was found to vary between 1800 to 3200 nucleotides. In contrast, the length of the fragment ITS1-ITS4 comprising the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) was found to be constant at 600 nucleotides. Analysis of restriction profiles confirmed the synonymy ofExophiala dermatitidis andMycotorula schawii. Torula bergeri andSporotrichum gougerotii were found to be identical toPhaeoannellomyces elegans, but different from their alleged synomymE. castellanii. A phenogram is presented.
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    Fruiting studies in species ofCapronia (Herpotrichiellaceae) (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 3-17 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: ascomatal initials ; Exophiala ; heterothallism ; homothallism ; microcyclic conidiation ; sclerotia ; stroma ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A recently described protocol for thein vitro production of ascomata was employed to determine the sexual incompatibility systems of five species ofCapronia. The formation of mature ascomata in isolates derived from single ascospores demonstrated thatC. epimyces, C. mansonii, andC. munkii n. sp. are homothallic. In contrast, fertile ascomata were observed only in mass-ascospore isolates and pairwise crosses between specific single-ascospore isolates inC. dactylotricha n. sp. andC. moravica. TheExophiala anamorphs ofC. dactylotricha andC. munkii are described and aPhialophora-like synanamorph is reported for the former species. Germinating ascospores ofC. munkii formed conidiogenous cells directly, while the ascospores of the remaining species germinated to produce germ tubes and hyphae. The application of the terms ‘microcyclic conidiation’ to secondary conidium production and ‘sclerotial body’ and ‘stroma’ to the multicellular structures produced by species ofCapronia andExophiala are discussed.
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    Phylogenetic analysis of ten black yeast species using nuclear small subunit rRNA gene sequences (1995)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 19-33 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: black yeasts ; Capronia ; direct sequencing ; Exophiala ; nuclear small subunit rRNA gene ; phylogenetic analysis ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The nuclear small subunit rRNA genes of authentic strains of the black yeastsExophiala dermatitidis, Wangiella dermatitidis, Sarcinomyces phaeomuriformis, Capronia mansonii, Nadsoniella nigra var.hesuelica, Phaeoannellomyces elegans, Phaeococcomyces exophialae, Exophiala jeanselmei var.jeanselmei andE. castellanii were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced. A putative secondary structure of the nuclear small subunit rRNA ofExophiala dermatitidis was predicted from the sequence data. Alignment with corresponding sequences fromNeurospora crassa andAureobasidium pullulans was performed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the neighbor-joining method. The obtained topology of the tree was confirmed by bootstrap analysis. Based upon this analysis all fungi studied formed a well-supported monophyletic group clustering as a sister group to one group of the Plectomycetes (Trichocomaceae and Onygenales). The analysis confirmed the close relationship postulated betweenExophiala dermatitidis, Wangiella dermatitidis andSarcinomyces phaeomuriformis. This monophyletic clade also contains the teleomorph speciesCapronia mansonii thus confirming the concept of a teleomorph connection of the genusExophiala to a member of the Herpotrichiellaceae. However,Exophiala castellanii did not belong to this clade. Therefore, this species is not the anamorph ofCapronia mansonii as it was postulated.
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    Nutritional physiology of type isolates of currently accepted species ofExophiala andPhaeococcomyces (1995)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 43-49 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: taxonomy ; physiology ; black yeasts ; Herpotrichiellaceae ; Capronia ; Exophiala ; Nadsoniella ; Phaeoannellomyces ; Phaeococcomyces ; Sarcinomyces ; Wangiella
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nutritional physiological and tolerance tests were performed for all type strains of species currently classified in the black yeast generaExophiala andPhaeococcomyces, including some additional type strains of taxa recently reidentified asExophiala species. Most describedExophiala species can be distinguished by physiological characters.Exophiala jeanselmei with its varieties, andE. castellanii should all be retained as separate taxa. The pairs of strainsMycotorula schawii/Exophiala dermatitidis, Hormodendrum negronii/Exophiala jeanselmei var.lecaniicorni andSporotrichum gougerotii/Torula bergeri were found to be conspecific. Phenetic analyses of physiological data support the identity ofPhaeococcomyces exophialae as a yeast-like synanamorph ofExophiala spinifera. The taxonomic positions of the generaNadsoniella, Phaeoannellomyces andWangiella are discussed. The generaExophiala andPhaeococcomyces are unrelated.
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    Assessment of phenotypic and genetic diversity in the yeast genusMetschnikowia (1995)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 101-110 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Metschnikowia ; taxonomy ; yeasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The taxonomy of the yeast genusMetschnikowia has undergone profound changes over the past century. Major developments, from the capacity to obtain pure cultures of parasitic species to progress associated with the extensive use of molecular biology tools in yeast systematics, are briefly reviewed. Results from past work and new data are combined to evaluate evolutionary relationships and clarify the classification of both terrestrial and aquatic species. Recent physiological studies, including the utilization of non-conventional carbon and nitrogen sources, and characteristics like lipolytic activity and maximum temperatures for growth, are presented. The assessment of the genetic diversity within the genus by restriction analysis of the mitochondrial DNA and by the production of specific DNA probes has been explored. The results indicate the potential application of the latter in rapid identification procedures.
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    Phylogenesis of fission yeasts. Contradictions surrounding the origin of a century old genus (1995)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 119-149 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Schizosaccharomyces ; sequence comparison ; evolution ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phylogenesis of fungi is controversial due to their simple morphology and poor fossilization. Traditional classification supported by morphological studies and physiological traits placed the fission yeasts in one group with ascomycetous yeasts. The rRNA sequence comparisions, however, revealed an enormous evolutionary gap betweenSaccharomyces andSchizosaccharomyces. As shown in this review, the protein sequences also show a large gap which is almost as large as that separatingSchizosaccharomyces from higher animals. Since the two yeasts share features (both cytological and molecular) in common which are also characteristic of ascomycetous fungi, their separation must have taken place later than the sequence differences may suggest. Possible reasons for the paradox are discussed. The sequence data also suggest a slower evolutionary rate in theSchizosaccharomyces lineage than in theSaccharomyces branch. In the fission yeast lineage two ramifications can be supposed. FirstS. japonicus (Hasegawaea japonica) branched off, thenS. octosporus (Octosporomyces octosporus) separated fromS. pombe.
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    Taxonomy ofPenicillium nalgiovense isolates from mould-fermented sausages (1995)
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    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 68 (1995), S. 165-171 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: chemometrics ; morphology ; mould-fermented sausages ; Penicillium nalgiovense ; physiology ; secondary metabolites ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A large number ofPenicillium nalgiovense isolates from mould fermented sausages and the ex type culture were examined for characters of morphology, physiology and production of secondary metabolites. To separate biotypes within theP. nalgiovense species, the data obtained were evaluated using multivariate statistical methods. The macromorphological characters of the ex type culture and isolates from meat products appeared to be distinctive. The ex type culture is characterized by a brown reverse on both Czapek yeast extract and malt extract agar while the isolates from meat products have a yellow to orange reverse. Proteolytic and/or lipolytic activity was demonstrated by 75% of the examined cultures and all of them demonstrated ability to utilize lactate as sole carbon source. Growth on creatine sucrose agar was very inhibited and acid production was absent or very weak. TLC analysis showed production of three unknown secondary metabolites that constituted the characteristic profile. HPLC analysis showed production of only three known secondary metabolites; chrysogine (96%), nalgiolaxin and nalgiovensin (9%). The ex type culture produced nalgiolaxin and nalgiovensin but not chrysogine. The chemometric evaluation showed thatP. nalgiovense isolates from meat products from a homogenous species, which can not be divided into biotypes. The only indication of grouping, beside a separation of the ex type culture, was related to the conidium colour (white, turquoise or grey green). The examinedP. nalgiovense isolates showed some resemblance (morphologically and chemically) toP. chrysogenum.
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    Myxozyma neglecta sp. nov. (Candidaceae) a new yeast species from South Africa (1998)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 73 (1998), S. 143-146 
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    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Myxozyma neglecta ; Myxozyme mucilagina ; Candidaceae ; mol% G + C ; DNA-DNA homology ; yeasts ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three strains of Myxozyma mucilagina including the type strain were reexamined. Based on differences in their carbon utilization pattern, mobility of isoenzymes, mol% G + C of their DNA and extent of DNA complementary the new species Myxozyma neglecta is proposed.
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    A novel Streptoverticillium cinnamonium var scleroticum producing a polyene antibiotic (1998)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 14 (1998), S. 705-709 
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    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Fermentation ; polyene antibiotic ; Streptoverticillium ; sclerotia ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A novel Streptoverticillium sp. G-55 was isolated from a soil sample (collected from Panjim, Goa) which produces sclerotia under specific environmental conditions, both in liquid and solid media. It was further identified by taxonomic studies as Streptoverticillium cinnamoneum var scleroticum. The species produces a pentaene polyene macrolide antibiotic (HA-94) under submerged culture conditions which shows promising antifungal and antibacterial activity in vitro.
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    Anostraca of the Indian Subcontinent (1995)
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    Hydrobiologia 298 (1995), S. 287-293 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: India ; Pakistan ; Sri Lanka ; species richness ; taxonomy ; zoogeography
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    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract There are 15 species of Anostraca belonging to 6 genera on the Indian Subcontinent. These are:Artemia sp. (reportedly a bisexual form of undetermined species);Artemia parthenogenetica Bowen & Sterling, 1978;Branchinecta orientalis Sars, 1901;Branchinella hardingi (Qadri & Baqai, 1956);Branchinella kugenumaensis (Ishikawa, 1895);Branchinella ornata Daday, 1910;Branchipodopsis acanthopenes (Malhotra & Duda, 1970);Branchipodopsis affinis Sars, 1901;Branchipus schaefferi Fischer, 1834;Chirocephalus priscus (Daday, 1910);Streptocephalus dichotomus Baird, 1860;Streptocephalus echinus Bond, 1934;Streptocephalus longimanus Bond, 1934;Streptocephalus simplex Gurney, 1906;Streptocephalus spinifer Gurney, 1906. Comparing numbers of species for southern India with other reasonably well studied areas, demonstrated that anostracan species richness is higher in the climatically more varied temperate regions than it is in the more uniform tropics. Tropical South India has six species compared to 13 in Arizona (USA), 19 in California (USA), 10 in Morocco, and 14 in Italy.
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    On the presence of the genusTanymastix Simon, 1886 (Crustacea: Anostraca) in Macedonia (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 298 (1995), S. 307-313 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Tanymastix ; Anostraca ; taxonomy ; zoogeography ; Macedonia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genusTanymastix Simon, 1886 is represented in Macedonia by two species:Tanymastix stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758) andTanymastix motasi Orghidan, 1945. The fairy shrimpT. stagnalis has been found exclusively in the rock pools containing only several litres of water, above the village of Stracin, N. E. Macedonia.T. motasi is present only in the shallow rainpools, less than 15 cm in depth, scattered over an area of untilled, highly-mineralized pasture land in the Pelagonia Plain, S. W. Macedonia. BothTanymastix species are the only anostracans in their biotopes. In Stracin, all the neighbouring rain pools in soil substrat are occupied byChirocephalus diaphanus carinatus (Daday, 1910). In Pelagonia, the deeper water bodies are generally inhabited byChirocephalus pelagonicus Petkovski, 1986 andChirocephalus diaphanus carinatus (Daday, 1910). On the basis of abundant material of both species, a detailed study of essential morphological characters has been carried out and comparisions with data given in the literature have been made. InT. stagnalis, aberrant morphological features were not ascertained. InT. motasi, the originaldescription of the species, hitherto known only for the Giurgiu Region in Rumania, is supplemented by additional diagnostic characteristics.
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    A new and phylogenetically suggestive morphotype ofKeratella lenzi (Rotifer, Monogononta), from Argentina (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 299 (1995), S. 249-257 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Keratella ; Rotifera ; taxonomy ; polymorphism ; lateral antennae ; South America
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The morphological characteristics ofKeratella lenzi (f.ayui) f. nov. and the phylogenetic and ecological implications of the appearance of posterolateral spines inK. lenzi Hauer, 1953 are discussed. The morphotype is described after detailed observations using light and scanning electron microscopy, and compared with otherKeratella species of the superspecies ‘valga’. The pores of the lateral antennae are described, and proposed as a new character for future comparative research. Some ecological information is also given.
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    Euglenophyta found exclusively in South America (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 369-370 (1998), S. 363-372 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Euglenophyta ; South America ; geographical distribution ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A taxonomic revision of the Euglenophyta found exclusively in South America is presented. The taxonomy, geographical distribution and critical analysis of the synonyms are given. More than two hundred species and infraspecific entities from South America are described, many of them recorded several times in different regions. The genus Trachelomonas comprises the highest number of new taxa, reaching more than 100 entities. It is followed by Phacus (48 taxa), Strombomonas (33 taxa), Euglena (15 taxa) Lepocinclis (14 taxa), and Distigma, Entosiphon and Sphenomonas with one new taxon each.
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    Anomopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) from some Venezuelan tepuis (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 377 (1998), S. 205-211 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Crustacea ; Branchiopoda ; Anomopoda ; Alona rusticoides n. sp. ; taxonomy ; Venezuela ; 'Cladocera'
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Notes: Abstract Seven anomnopodan species were recorded from top of Roraima and Ptari tepuis. Alona rusticoides is new species and Acroperus sp., Alonella cf. excisa and Paralona pigra seem to be different from species described from Europe.
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    Notholca dongtingensis (Rotifera: Monogononta: Brachionidae), a new species from Dongting Lake, China (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 368 (1998), S. 37-40 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; Notholca ; taxonomy ; new species ; China
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Notholca dongtingensis n.sp. was found in the second largest lake of China, Dongting Lake. It is related to Notholca labis Gosse, 1887 and N. kozhovi Vassilijewa & Kutikova, 1969. Its main distinguishing taxonomic features are a square-oval lorica, very short anterior spines, anterior lateral spines curving outwards and protrusile posterior margin of the ventral plate.
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    The geographical distribution of Polycelis (Polycelis) sapporo and Seidlia schmidti in the Far East (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 383 (1998), S. 307-313 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Polycelis ; Seidlia ; taxonomy ; distribution ; Japan ; Far East
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Polycelis (Polycelis) sapporo (Ijima et Kaburaki, 1916) is a non-stenothermal species, common in Hokkaidô (including all of the adjacent islands), Northern Japan, except in the alpine region. It is also distributed in Aomori Prefecture in the northernmost part of Honshû. To the south, its range is bounded by a line from the base of the Tsugaru Peninsula, over Mt. Iwaki, Mt. Shirakami, Mt. Tashiro, Lake Towada, Mt. Hakkôda, the Natsudomari Peninsula, to the west of Mutsu and Ôhata in the Shimokita Peninsula. In Russia, the species is recorded only from the southern part of Sakhalin. Seidlia schmidti (Zabusov, 1916) is a stenothermal species found in cold-water biotops. It occurs in the North and East of Hokkaidô including the Shiretoko Peninsula and Rishiri Island. In Russia, the species is recorded from the southern part of Sakhalin, Primorskiy, Habarovsk including the base of the Chukotskiy Peninsula, and the Kamchatka Peninsula (and Bering Island).
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    A reclassification of the anomopod families Macrothricidae and Chydoridae, with the creation of a new suborder, the Radopoda (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 384 (1998), S. 119-149 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Branchiopoda ; Anomopoda ; Radopoda ; trunk limbs ; taxonomy ; morphology ; evolution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An investigation, using optical microscopy and SEM, of the trunk limbs of the Anomopoda has revealed a large number of characters, previously underused or unused in taxonomy and comparative morphology. All these characters, which are nicely paralleled by some more conventional traits (head shield and pores, postabdomen, antennae ...), show one clear tendency across all groups studied: a state of complexity at one extreme, and a state of often incisive simplification at the other extreme, with a number of transitional stages in between. The complex character state, which itself is a simplification of the leg structure of the Ctenopoda and other, ‘large’ Branchiopoda, is here considered to represent a primitive condition. The simplified state is considered advanced. Based on this assumption, we list a number of unifying characters (mainly structural aspects of P1 and P2, but also the gnathobase of P3 and P4) for all macrothricid and chydorid-like anomopods, which we unite in the new suborder Radopoda. Non-radopod Anomopoda are not reclassified. We then derive a cascade of (mainly trunk-limb based) characters to work out a hypothesis on the evolution of the Radopoda. The ‘chydorid’ line (basically the former family Chydoridae) is classified as a superfamily (the Eurycercoidea), with three families; the ‘macrothricid’ line is capped by the superfamily Macrothricoidea, with four families. Of these seven families, four are upgraded from subfamily status, the Chydoridae are left status quo, the Macrothricidae are redefined, and the Neothricidae are a new family. The Macrothricidae are further subdivided in two subfamilies, of which the Macrothricinae appear reasonably homogeneous (monophyletic), while the non-Macrothricinae require further study. Some of these (e.g. Guernella) have almost completely lost their P5, a situation parallel to that of the P6 in the Eurycercidae, Acantholeberidae, and Ophryoxidae.
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    Free-living marine nematodes of shrimp culture ponds in Thailand. I. New species of the genera Diplolaimella and Thalassomonhystera (Monhysteridae) and Theristus (Xyalidae) (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 379 (1998), S. 123-133 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Marine nematodes ; Diplolaimella thailandica ; Thalassomonhystera siamensis ; Theristus (Penzancia) longisetifer ; new species ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three new species belonging to the genera Diplolaimella and Thalassomonhystera of the family Monhysteridae and Theristus of the family Xyalidae are described from shrimp culture ponds near mangrove zones of Khung Kraben Bay, Thailand. Diplolaimella thailandica sp. n. resembles D. dievengatensis but differs from it by features of the ratios b and V, and size of the spicules and tail of the male. Thalassomonhystera siamensis sp. n. resembles T. diplops but differs from it in features of the amphids, ocelli, cloaca and gubernaculum. Theristus (Penzancia) longisetifer sp. n. resembles T. flevensis, T. ambronensis, T. macroflevensis, and T. pratti but differs from them in features of the cervical setae, ventral supplement of the male and others.
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    Ilyocryptus smirnovi n. sp. (Branchiopoda, Anomopoda) – a new member of the species group Ilyocryptus brevidentatus s. lat. from Australia (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 380 (1998), S. 127-139 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Ilyocryptus ; Anomopoda ; new species ; taxonomy ; Australia ; Queensland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract All representatives of the genus Ilyocryptus with short lateral setae at the postanal margin of the postabdomen may be separated into the compact species group I. brevidentatus s. lat. A new species of Ilyocryptus from this group is described from the Lake Numalla, Queensland, Australia. I. smirnovi n. sp. shows clear morphological differences in the armature of the valve, postabdomen, and several other structures, from all other species of the group. Differences between members of the above-mentioned species group are analogous with those between European species, listed by Štifter (1991).
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    Cross-mating tests re-discovered: a tool to assess species boundaries in rotifers (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 387-388 (1998), S. 109-115 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: behavior ; mating ; evolution ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The recent isolation of a mate recognition pheromone in the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis Müller has shed new light on the mate recognition system of rotifers. One result is improved understanding of the importance of mating behavior as a highly efficient process used by rotifers to choose conspecifics. There are many differences in the main characteristics of mating behavior in members of five different families of rotifers. The present work describes the use of these characteristics to assess species boundaries, especially where boundaries between two or more species are unclear. The method proposed here can assess quantitatively the response of males of one species to females of a questionable taxon by measuring the percentage of matings initiated and the number of completed copulations. The data generated can then be used together with molecular, morphological, and other data to determine the species boundaries. This approach can help distinguish between morphological differences resulting from evolutionary divergence of species and morphological differences induced by environmental or ecological factors.
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    An analysis of taxonomic studies on Rotifera: a case study (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 387-388 (1998), S. 9-14 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: taxonomy ; evaluation ; Rotifera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Results are presented of a historical analysis of taxonomic research on Rotifera, as reflected by the case of α-taxonomy of Lecanidae and Dicranophoridae. The number of available names established, as well as the fraction presently considered valid are counted per decade. Two peak periods in taxonomic research are revealed, viz. a minor one in the last decades of the 19th century, and a major one in the 1920s–1930s. Especially work published during the second period contains a high proportion of names that are currently considered valid. The second half of the 20th century witnessed a decrease in quantity, but also in quality of taxonomic research. The basic cause for this is probably the typological approach to a group exhibiting high intraspecific morphological variability, but also poor taxonomic education, as reflected by a high incidence of insufficient descriptions, and poor knowledge of the rules governing zoological nomenclature, are of incisive importance.
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    New semi-terrestrial chydorids from the tropical rainforest of southwest Cameroon (Africa): Nicsmirnovius camerounensis n.gen. n.sp. and Bryospilus africanus n.sp (Crustacea: Anomopoda) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 391 (1998), S. 257-264 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cladocera ; chydorids ; semi-terrestrial plankton ; trunk limbs ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two new chydorids, Nicsmirnovius camerounensis (gen. nov., sp. nov.) and Bryospilus africanus n.sp. are described, based on material from Korup, Mundemba, Bakingili and Debunscha, all in the rainforests of southwest Cameroon. Morphological structures show that both taxa are only remotely related, and that, while Nicsmirnovius is clearly an alonine, Bryospilus might well be a chydorine chydorid. Small, taxonomically non-significant differences occurred among specimens of Bryospilus recorded in three different forest areas.
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    Karyological and taxonomic studies of Dugesia japonica Ichikawa et Kawakatsu in the Far East (1981)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 53-68 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Dugesia ; karyology ; taxonomy ; Japan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A review of previous studies on the taxonomy, karyology and chorology of a polymorphic species Dugesia japonica from the Far East is presented. Two subspecies are now known: D. j. japonica (n = 8, 2x = 16, 3x = 24) and D. j. ryukyuensis (n = 7, 2x = 14, 3x = 21). An attempt has also been made to determine the definition of the B-chromosome as LB and SB and the variation of the karyotypes of both subspecies is described. Every known karyotype of D. japonica is classified into six groups (see Table 2). D. japonica from many localities has a diploid karyotype (2x), a triploid karyotype (3x) and an orthoploidic mixoploid karyotype of 2x & 3x. The origin and the karyological significance of these karyotypes are discussed.
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    Sand dwelling Turbellaria from the Netherlands Delta area (1981)
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    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 113-127 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Turbellaria ; meiobenthos ; fauna composition ; taxonomy ; Netherlands Delta area
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Sand dwelling Turbellaria from the Delta of the Rivers Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt have been investigated. Thirty-eight samples taken from littoral and sublittoral stations in the Grevelingen, Eastern and Western Scheldt have been analysed. Thirty-three species were recorded (Acoela were not considered); twenty-four of them are new for the area and seven new species are described. Density and diversity of Turbellaria were higher in the Eastern Scheldt than in the Western Scheldt or in the Lake Grevelingen. A maximum density of 82 ind./100 cm3 was noted. A tentative calculation on relative abundance of the representatives of the different Turbellaria orders is established. Proseriata seem to be dominant in the localities studied.
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    New England Coelogynoporidae (1981)
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    Hydrobiologia 84 (1981), S. 139-145 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Turbellaria ; Proseriata ; Coelogynoporidae ; taxonomy ; New England
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Eleven species of the proseriate turbellarian family Coelogynoporidae have been encountered between Cape Cod, Mass. and the southern shore-line of New Brunswick, Canada. The distributions of Coelogynopora schultzii, C. biarmata and Cirrifera cirrifera are reported. Four new species belonging to the genus Coelogynopora, one new species of Cirrifera and a species belonging to a new genus are described. Two species remain undescribed. Biological observations on a laboratory-reared colony of C. biarmata maintained since 1978 are reported.
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    Achilaophonte maxima gen.n., spec.n., a new taxon of the Laophontidae (Copepoda, harpacticoida) from the high Antartic (Weddell Sea) (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 302 (1995), S. 241-255 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Antartica ; Weddell Sea ; new genus ; Archilaophonte maxima ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Male and female of a new genus and species of the family Laophontidae, Archilaophonte maxima, are described. The specimen was found in the high Antartic (Weddell Sea) and apprears to be the most primitive genus up to now within the superfamily Laophontoidea as defined by Huys (1990). Based on its setation of legs and mouth parts, however, it can be placed unequivocally into the family Laophontidae. Archilaophonte maxima gen. n. shows close affinities to the laophontid genus Esola Edwards 1891. Both genera form a monophyletic group which is interpreted here as the first and most primitive offshot in the evolution of the Laophontidae. The synapomorphies of the former lineage are the shape of the protopodite of the P1 and shape and setation of the female P5.
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    A new genus and species of heteronemertean from the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 367 (1998), S. 175-187 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Heteronemertea ; Yinia pratensis gen. et sp. nov. ; taxonomy ; Changjiang River Estuary
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
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    Notes: Abstract A new genus and species of heteronemertean, Yinia pratensis gen. nov. and sp. nov., collected from low salinity waters (salinity 0.2–0.4 ‰) at Changjiang River Estuary, is described and illustrated. The species possesses a proboscis with an outer circular and an inner longitudinal muscle layer, and is placed in family Lineidae sensu Gibson. The following combination of morphological features distinguishes the new species from any other genera in this family: proboscis with two muscle crosses; dermis without connective tissue layer between gland cells and body wall outer longitudinal muscle layer; rhynchocoel wall circular muscles not interweaving with adjacent body wall longitudinal muscles; foregut with circular somatic muscles and subepithelial gland cell layer; neurochord cells present in central nervous system; caudal cirrus missing; blood system developed into alimentary plexus extending almost the full length of the body. Another significant character is that the lobular excretory cells are extremely well developed which may represent adaptation to water of low salinity.
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    Taxonomic remarks on planktonic phytoflagellates in a hypertrophic tropical lagoon (Brazil) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 369-370 (1998), S. 297-313 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: planktonic phytoflagellates ; taxonomy ; seasonality ; hypertrophic brackish water ; tropical coastal lagoon ; Brazil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The phototrophic flagellate flora of the Barra Lagoon (22°57′ S and 42°47′ W), Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil, is described. The lagoon is a shallow, oligohaline, hypertrophic ecosystem in which Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae and phytoflagellates are dominant. Between October 1990 and August 1993, weekly integrated samples were collected from a bay, using a plexiglass tube, 8 cm diameter and 1m length. All identifications, descriptions and measurements were carried out on live or in Lugol-fixed material. A total of 30 taxa, belonging to Euglenophyceae (5), Cryptophyceae (7), Raphidophyceae (1), Dinophyceae (4), Chrysophyceae (3), Prymnesiophyceae (2), Prasinophyceae (7) and Chlorophyceae (1) were identified. All the phytoflagellate species identified have been recorded previously from temperate sites. Nine of them were registered in a tropical water for the first time, suggesting that they have much broader distributions. Gymnodinium sanguineum, Pavlova lutheri and Pyramimonas grossii were the most frequently observed phytoflagellates in this study. The seasonal occurrence and some environmental requirements of selected phytoflagellates species are discussed.
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    Patterns of musculature as taxonomic characters for the Turbellaria Acoela (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 383 (1998), S. 51-59 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: muscle ; Turbellaria Acoela ; taxonomy ; body wall
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract While turbellarians are generally assumed to have body-wall musculature consisting routinely of longitudinal, circular, and diagonal fibers, members of the Acoela examined by a fluorescence-microscopy technique specific for actin showed more complicated and distinctive arrangements of muscles, giving promise for better delimiting taxa within this taxonomically difficult order. Certain globose or tear-drop-shaped worms such as Convoluta pulchra and species of Pseudaphanostoma, Mecynostomum, and Otocelis, showed a complex pattern in which muscles longitudinal in the anterior half of the body arc diagonally across the posterior half; complex brushes of parenchymal muscles that cross at the level of the statocyst and arc postero-laterally also characterize these groups. The more elongate acoel Paratomella sp. was found to have musculature dominated by strictly longitudinal fibers and with relatively weak circular fibers and few fibers running diagonally to the body axis, yet the elongate mecynostomid Paedomecynostomum bruneum showed a crossing of antero-longitudinal fibers similar to that seen in the more globose Mecynostomum sp. A distinctive looping of muscles around the mouth is seen in P. bruneum and the Anaperidae. Such similarities and differences in pattern of musculature promise to provide easily recognizable characters for taxonomy of the Acoela at levels ranging from species to family.
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    A new species of Ancorabolidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) from the Beagle channel (Chile) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 379 (1998), S. 23-32 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Arthropsyllus australis sp. n. ; Ancorabolidae ; taxonomy ; South America ; Chile
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new species of the family Ancorabolidae Sars, 1909 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida), Arthropsyllus australis sp. n. was collected 1994 during 'Magellan Campaign' of RV 'Victor Hensen' and is described in the present paper. Its inclusion in the genus Arthropsyllus Sars, 1909 is justified by the diagnostic characters of the genus: lack of any dorsal or dorsolateral well-developed processes, body slightly depressed dorsoventrally, body somites with lateral epimeres except cephalothorax and last two abdominal somites. A. australis sp. n. differs from Arthropsyllus serratus Sars, 1909 in the shape of the rostrum, in having moderately-sized sensilla-bearing dorsal and dorsolateral projections on cephalothorax and body somites, and in several differences on mandible, maxillule, maxilla and swimming legs.
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    The freshwater crab fauna (Crustacea: Brachyura) of the Philippines. V. On a new genus and species of potamid from Palawan island, Philippines (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 379 (1998), S. 93-96 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Potamidae ; Carpomon pomulum ; taxonomy ; new genus ; new species ; Philippines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new genus and new species of terrestrial potamid crab ( Carpomon pomulum) is described from the island of Palawan in the Philippines. This new genus can easily be distinguished from all other Philippine potamids in its smooth and inflated carapace, no trace of an epibranchial tooth, extremely low postorbital cristae, and stout and twisted male first gonopod.
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    Redescription and taxonomic status of Sinodiaptomus valkanovi , a common limnoplanktonic calanoid copepod in Japan, with comparison to the closely related S. sarsi (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 379 (1998), S. 159-168 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Calanoid copepod ; taxonomy ; Sinodiaptomus valkanovi ; S. sarsi ; limnoplankton ; Japan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The limnoplanktonic calanoid copepod Sinodiaptomus valkanovi (Diaptomidae: Diaptominae) is redescribed in detail from Japan, where it commonly occurs in ponds and reservoirs especially around the Seto Inland Sea. The species has been referred to as a subspecies of S. sarsi outside Japan due to lack of subsequent morphological comparisons. Sinodiaptomus valkanovi is easily distinguishable from S. sarsi by having longer antennules in both sexes, a short projection on the right antennule segment 15 of the male, and a thumb-like posterodistal basal projection of the male left leg 5. These characters do not show significant variation, indicating differentiation at the species level. S. valkanovi is restricted to Japan, in contrast to the wide-range of it S. sarsi in Asian waters. The Bulgarian population, from which the species was originally described, and the North American population, which was formerly recorded as S. sarsi, are considered to have been introduced from Japan with aquatic plants such as water lilies.
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    Marine Rotifera from a sandy beach at Disko Island, West Greenland, with the description of Encentrum porsildi n. sp. and Notholca angakkoq n. sp. (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 386 (1998), S. 153-165 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Encentrum n. sp. ; Notholca n. sp. ; taxonomy ; marine ; Greenland ; Arctic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The rotifer fauna from two localities at an Arctic beach at Disko Island was investigated. Five species were found; four are new to Greenland and two of these are new to science. Encentrum graingeri and Proales reinhardti were found in the psammon, and it is suggested that they inhabit the sea-ice during the winter and then shift to inhabit the psammon in the ice-free periods during summer. Encentrum porsildi n. sp. and Notholca angakkoq n. sp. are described. The descriptions are based on detailed SEM-studies of the trophi.
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    On a new species of Keratella (Rotifera: Monogononta: Brachionidae) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 387-388 (1998), S. 35-37 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; Keratella trapezoida n. sp. ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new species of planktonic rotifer, Keratella trapezoida n. sp. is described from the Yangtze River, P.R. China. The new morphospecies is characterized by its four enclosed dorsal median facets, nearly trapezoid shape of the first median facet on dorsal plate, and the caudal median facet with parallel margins and being open posteriorly.
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    Rotifera of some freshwater habitats in the floodplain of the River Nan, northern Thailand (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 387-388 (1998), S. 27-33 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; biodiversity ; floodplain ; taxonomy ; Thailand
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A survey of 11 freshwater habitats in the floodplain of the River Nan, northern Thailand was carried out during April and September 1996. The rotifer samples were collected qualitatively from paddy fields, ponds, canals and reservoirs, using a 60 μm mesh net. One hundred and eighteen species were identified, four (Lepadella quinquecostata (Lucks), Macrochaetus danneeli Koste & Shiel, Testudinella ahlstromi Hauer and T greeni Koste) of which are new to Thailand and one (L. quinquecostata) is new to Asia. The numbers of species found in two localities are relatively high, with 86 and 73 rotifer taxa. Most of the species recorded are common, cosmopolitan or pantropical and warm-stenotherms. The occurrence of a species previously considered endemic to Australia, M. danneeli provides more evidence illustrating a relation between the rotifer faunas of southeast Asia and Australia. Comments are presented on some insufficiently known taxa in particular on the new records for Thailand.
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    Dicranophoridae (Rotifera) from the Alps (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 387-388 (1998), S. 63-77 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Dicranophoridae ; Austria ; alpine water bodies ; taxonomy ; biogeography ; ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rotifera of the family Dicranophoridae Harring, 1913 were recorded from mountainous altitudes of the Austrian Alps. Here, their morphology, distribution and ecology is detailed. The description of Encentrum walterkostei Jersabek is amended by observations on living animals. Of 19 species encountered, all but four are new to the alpine region, nine species are first records for the biogeographic region 'Alps'. Four species are new to science and will be published elsewhere. The majority are cosmopolites or widely distributed taxa, but also species with a more limited range, possibly endemics, seem to exist. Most species can be characterized as being more commonly found in cold environments, some of them are known to be psammobiontic or psammophilic.
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    The late Cenozoic Viviparidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) of the Albertine Rift Valley (Uganda—Congo) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 390 (1998), S. 171-217 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: taxonomy ; palaeoecology ; evolution ; punctuated equilibrium ; prey-predator coevolution ; bottlenecking ; thalassoidism ; zoogeography ; rift lakes ; lacustrine endemism ; Bellamya ; Neothauma ; Kaya
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During late Cenozoic pre-rift times the viviparid genus Bellamya was probably confined to eastern Africa while in the Congo Basin occurred the genera Neothauma and Kaya (a new genus described herein). During the Pliocene, Kaya became extinct and Neothauma became a relict in Lake Tanganyika. All African rift lakes formed during or after the Pliocene were colonised by populations of Bellamya, which evolved into lacustrine endemics. The changes in shell morphology in Bellamya, such as ornamentation functioning as protection against predators, are modest and repetitive in time and space. After the initial adaptations stasis followed, and there is no indication of an arms race between prey and predator in this genus. In the lakes of the western rift that were formed prior to the Pliocene, namely Lake Tanganyika and Palaeolake Obweruka, Neothauma instead of Bellamya was the coloniser. Initially morphological inertia also occurred in this genus both in Tanganyika and, during the first four million years of its existence, in Palaeolake Obweruka, although from the outset this lake contained abundant highly specialised molluscivorous fishes. About 4.5 Ma a major extinction event occurred in the Obweruka Basin which led to the extermination of 50% of the molluscan species but none of the molluscivores. Among the viviparids, only one of the Neothauma species survived, its populations isolated and highly reduced in numbers. Immediately after this crisis a conchological quantum change occurred, the surviving lineage changing into a strongly ornamented thalassoid form. The dramatic morphological change is deemed to have been due to focussed selection by the predators on isolated and small prey populations. A radiative event immediately followed, producing still more strongly ornamented forms. The morphological changes that occurred in the Obwerukan Neothauma, in comparison to the modest and repeated patterns of evolution that can be observed in viviparids from other lakes, provides an example of true or quantum evolutionary change and yields evidence as to how it may have occurred. The fossil record of the fresh water molluscs of the Albertine Basin, thanks to its duration (ca. 12 million years), its relatively fine resolution (0.5–1.0 million years) and its sound chronostratigraphic framework, is a unique resource for understanding the tempo and mode of macroevolution.
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    Rotifer diversity in a central Mexican pond (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 387-388 (1998), S. 47-54 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Mexico ; Rotifera ; new record ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A survey of rotifers from a small pond (less than 2 ha in area and 3 m deep), located at Kilometer 28 in the federal highway Ixtlahuaca-Jilotepec (19° 49′ 13″ N, 99° 42′ 22″ W) at an altitude of 2503 m above sea level, resulted in a total of 78 species. From these, 20 are new records for Mexico. This study confirms the presence of some of the rotifer species listed only in earlier studies. Comments on some species are made from a zoogeographical point of view.
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    The first record of the genus Helobdella (Hirudinoidea: Glossiphoniidae) from Australia, with a description of a new species, Helobdella papillornata (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 389 (1998), S. 45-49 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: taxonomy ; new species ; leeches ; Helobdella ; Victoria ; Australia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The first species of the genus Helobdella in Australia is recorded from Victoria. Helobdella papillornata has all of the diagnostic features of the genus including: triannulate segments, one pair of eyes on somite II, diffuse salivary glands, five crop caeca, one annulus between the gonopores and one annulus between the anus and the caudal sucker. It is characterised by a subterminal mouth, lobed gastric caeca, five to seven darkly pigmented papillae per somite on the dorsal surface, 14 brown dorsal stripes, five pairs of compact testisacs and a resting length of 15 mm and a maximum extended length of 40 mm. Individuals lay between 20 and 50 eggs attached directly to the ventral surface of the parent. At 20 °C the eggs hatch after 2 weeks and the young immediately reattach to the parent for a further 2 to 4 weeks, during which time the attached young feed on snails captured by the parent. After leaving the parent, young forage on their own or in small groups of three or more until they reach reproductive maturity. Individuals become reproductively mature, producing eggs and young, 3 to 4 months after hatching.
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    Cementation in the freshwater bivalve family Corbiculidae (Mollusca: Bivalvia): a new genus and species from Lake Poso, Indonesia (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 389 (1998), S. 131-139 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: ancient lake ; endemism ; brooding ; bivalves ; cementation ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A species from Lake Poso, Indonesia represents the first instance of cementation in the freshwater bivalve family Corbiculidae. Posostrea anomioides gen. nov., sp. nov., which is cemented indifferently by its left or right valve to calcareous rocks, reaches a size of 16 mm. It has typical corbiculoid dentition, with serrated lateral teeth, and juveniles are brooded primarily in the inner ctenidia. Lake Poso occupies a tectonic fault in central Sulawesi. Posostrea adds to an interesting radiation of endemic fishes and molluscs, including the gastropod genera Miratesta and Tylomelania.
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    Two new species of Paracyclops (Copepoda: Cyclopoida, Cyclopidae) from Africa (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 382 (1998), S. 119-136 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Copepoda ; taxonomy ; Africa ; freshwater
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Paracyclops longispina n. sp. and Paracyclops altissimus n. sp. are described. New characters derived from detailed examination of body and limb ornamentation are used to differentiate them from other Paracyclops species. Paracyclops longispina n. sp. resembles Paracyclops fimbriatus (Fischer, 1853) and Paracyclops imminutus Kiefer, 1929. It differs from the former by the presence of a well-developed spinular row near the base of the inner setae on the antennal coxobasis in both sexes, and from the latter in the structure of the seminal receptacle and the position of the mid-distal spinular row on the posterior surface of the coxa of leg 1. Paracyclops altissimus n. sp. can be distinguished from other members of genus mainly by the structure of the seminal receptacle and leg 5.
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    Two new species of Keratella (Rotifera: Monogononta: Brachionidae) from Inner Mongolia, P.R. China (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 382 (1998), S. 175-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Keratella new species ; taxonomy ; Rotifera ; zoogeography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two new morphospecies of Keratella Bory de St. Vincent (Rotifera: Brachionidae) are described from Inner Mongolia, P.R. China. Keratella mongolianum n. sp. is related to K. cruciformis and K. eichwaldi, while Keratella zhugeae n. sp. belongs to the K. quadrata group. K. mongolianum n.sp. is known from a single locality only, but K. zhugeae n.sp. was found in several ponds and had previously been recorded from Tibet. Both taxa are restricted to the eastern Palaearctic region.
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    The role of the atrial diverticulum in the copulatory apparatus of the terrestrial flatworm Platydemus manokwari de Beauchamp (Tricladida: Terricola) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 383 (1998), S. 83-89 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Terricola ; planarian ; viscid gland ; reproduction ; collagen ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Diverticula are present in the copulatory organs of many species of the Terricola. In some species these structures are copulatory bursae or resorptive vesicles. The function of diverticula present in the copulatory organs in species of Dolichoplana and Platydemus (Rhynchodemidae), in Australoplana (Geoplanidae) and in some other caenoplaninid genera has been an enigma. From histochemical and other investigations of the ventro-posterior copulatory diverticulum in Platydemus manokwari de Beauchamp, it is evident that this structure is neither a copulatory bursa, resorptive vesicle nor a uterus. It is an adhesive gland producing a viscid, collagen-like fibrous glycoprotein derived from two secretory elements present in the gland. The secretion is expelled during cocoon laying to adhere the cocoon onto the substratum. The diverticulum appears late in the development of the copulatory organs, and is present when the gonopore is patent; this has implications for the taxonomy of platydemid flatworms.
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    A new species of giant planarian from Lake Baikal, with some remarks on character states in the Dendrocoelidae (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Paludicola) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 383 (1998), S. 69-75 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Platyhelminthes ; Tricladida ; Dendrocoelidae ; Bdellocephala ; Baikal ; taxonomy ; phylogeny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract On the basis of newly collected material the subspecies Bdellocephala angarensis bathyalis Timoshkin & Porfirjeva, 1989 is raised to full species status, B. bathyalis Timoshkin & Porfirjeva, 1989. Specimens of this species have been collected in Lake Baikal from depths ranging between 610 and 1060 m. The species is characterized by a light, uniform brown pigmentation, absence of eyes, distinct atrial folds, and large size. It is suggested that two features may be useful in elucidating the phylogenetic relationships between dendrocoelid genera: pharynx musculature, and presence of an extra layer of circular muscle in the ventral subepidermal body musculature.
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    A new species of Neocervinia (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Cerviniidae) from the hyperbenthos of the Hatsushima cold-seep site in Sagami Bay, Japan (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 377 (1998), S. 165-175 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Neocervinia itoi ; Copepoda ; Harpacticoida ; taxonomy ; cold-seep ; Japan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new species of harpacticoid copepod, Neocervinia itoi (Cerviniidae), is described on the basis of females and copepodids collected from the Hatsushima cold-seep site in Sagami Bay, Japan. It is morphologically very close to its deep-sea congeners N. tenuicauda (Brotskaya, 1963) and N. unisetosa (Montagna, 1981). The new species differs primarily in the segmentation of the antennule and the endopod of both mandible and maxilliped, and in form and shape of the setae on leg 5. The presence of sensillar structures on the proximal part of the antennule is discussed. A key to the species of Neocervinia is presented.
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    Scanning electron microscopy of taxonomic diagnostic criteria of the freshwater sponge, Heteromeyenia tubisperma (Potts, 1881) (Porifera : Spongillidae) (1981)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 77 (1981), S. 257-259 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Sponge ; Porifera ; taxonomy ; scanning electron microscopy ; Heteromeyenia tubisperma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Taxonomic diagnostic criteria of the spongillid freshwater sponge, Heteromeyenia tubisperma (Potts, 1881) were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The species is characterized by a gemmule which bears an unusually long, prominent porous tube. The application of SEM to the systematic studies of the freshwater sponges provides diagnostic capabilities not available with the light microscope. It is desirable that a key, coupled with a reference atlas of scanning electron micrographs illustrating taxonomic diagnostic criteria of freshwater sponge species, particularly utilizing type specimens, be developed.
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    Taxonomic status of Oryza glumaepatula Steud. I. Comparative morphological studies of New World diploids and Asian AA genome species (1998)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 45 (1998), S. 197-203 
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    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: multivariate analysis ; Oryza ; O. glumaepatula ; O. nivara ; O. rufipogon ; taxonomy ; wild rices
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This study was carried out to clarify the taxonomic status of the New World diploid wild rice species, Oryza glumaepatula. The morphological variation of 26 diploid rice accessions in the International Rice Genebank at IRRI from South America and Cuba was compared with that of O. rufipogon and O. nivara from Asia. The 28 morphological characters included 16 spikelet and grain, eight leaf and culm, and four panicle characters, and were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis. The first two principal components accounted for 53.6% of the total variation. The first component was characterized by leaf and sterile lemma characters, 5-panicle dry weight, and grain length, and the second by anther length and its ratio to grain length, grain width, thickness, and 20-hulled grain weight. The characters effectively differentiated the wild rices from Surinam, French Guiana, and the lower Amazon River basin in Brazil, which showed high negative scores along both axes, from other accessions from Venezuela, Colombia, and Cuba, and the Asian species. Most of the accessions from South America are quite distinct from O. rufipogon, with which they have often been grouped as a single species in some taxonomic treatments. Groupings obtained from cluster analysis corresponded closely with the results from PCA. This study supports a distinct taxonomic status of a group of diploid wild rices from South America as O. glumaepatula.
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    Rotifer diversity in a central Mexican pond (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 287-388 (1998), S. 47-54 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Mexico ; Rotifera ; new record ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A survey of rotifers from a small pond (less than 2 ha in area and 3 m deep), located at Kilometer 28 in the federal highway Ixtlahuaca-Jilotepec (19° 49′ 13″ N, 99° 42′ 22″ W) at an altitude of 2503 m above sea level, resulted in a total of 78 species. From these, 20 are new records for Mexico. This study confirms the presence of some of the rotifer species listed only in earlier studies. Comments on some species are made from a zoogeographical point of view.
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    Rotifera of some freshwater habitats in the floodplain of the River Nan, northern Thailand (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 287-388 (1998), S. 27-33 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; biodiversity ; floodplain ; taxonomy ; Thailand
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A survey of 11 freshwater habitats in the floodplain of the River Nan, northern Thailand was carried out during April and September 1996. The rotifer samples were collected qualitatively from paddy fields, ponds, canals and reservoirs, using a 60 μm mesh net. One hundred and eighteen species were identified, four (Lepadella quinquecostata (Lucks), Macrochaetus danneeli Koste & Shiel, Testudinella ahlstromi Hauer and T greeni Koste) of which are new to Thailand and one (L. quinquecostata) is new to Asia. The numbers of species found in two localities are relatively high, with 86 and 73 rotifer taxa. Most of the species recorded are common, cosmopolitan or pantropical and warm-stenotherms. The occurrence of a species previously considered endemic to Australia, M. danneeli provides more evidence illustrating a relation between the rotifer faunas of southeast Asia and Australia. Comments are presented on some insufficiently known taxa in particular on the new records for Thailand.
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    Cross-mating tests re-discovered: a tool to assess species boundaries in rotifers (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 287-388 (1998), S. 109-115 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: behavior ; mating ; evolution ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The recent isolation of a mate recognition pheromone in the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis Müller has shed new light on the mate recognition system of rotifers. One result is improved understanding of the importance of mating behavior as a highly efficient process used by rotifers to choose conspecifics. There are many differences in the main characteristics of mating behavior in members of five different families of rotifers. The present work describes the use of these characteristics to assess species boundaries, especially where boundaries between two or more species are unclear. The method proposed here can assess quantitatively the response of males of one species to females of a questionable taxon by measuring the percentage of matings initiated and the number of completed copulations. The data generated can then be used together with molecular, morphological, and other data to determine the species boundaries. This approach can help distinguish between morphological differences resulting from evolutionary divergence of species and morphological differences induced by environmental or ecological factors.
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    Plathelminthes or Platyhelminthes? (1995)
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    Hydrobiologia 305 (1995), S. 1-2 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Plathelminthes ; Platyhelminthes ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00036354
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    On a new species of Keratella (Rotifera: Monogononta: Brachionidae) (1998)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 287-388 (1998), S. 35-37 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Rotifera ; Keratella trapezoida n. sp. ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A new species of planktonic rotifer, Keratella trapezoida n. sp. is described from the Yangtze River, P.R. China. The new morphospecies is characterized by its four enclosed dorsal median facets, nearly trapezoid shape of the first median facet on dorsal plate, and the caudal median facet with parallel margins and being open posteriorly.
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    Dicranophoridae (Rotifera) from the Alps (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 287-388 (1998), S. 63-77 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Dicranophoridae ; Austria ; alpine water bodies ; taxonomy ; biogeography ; ecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rotifera of the family Dicranophoridae Harring, 1913 were recorded from mountainous altitudes of the Austrian Alps. Here, their morphology, distribution and ecology is detailed. The description of Encentrum walterkostei Jersabek is amended by observations on living animals. Of 19 species encountered, all but four are new to the alpine region, nine species are first records for the biogeographic region 'Alps'. Four species are new to science and will be published elsewhere. The majority are cosmopolites or widely distributed taxa, but also species with a more limited range, possibly endemics, seem to exist. Most species can be characterized as being more commonly found in cold environments, some of them are known to be psammobiontic or psammophilic.
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    An analysis of taxonomic studies on Rotifera: a case study (1998)
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    Hydrobiologia 287-388 (1998), S. 9-14 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: taxonomy ; evaluation ; Rotifera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Results are presented of a historical analysis of taxonomic research on Rotifera, as reflected by the case of α-taxonomy of Lecanidae and Dicranophoridae. The number of available names established, as well as the fraction presently considered valid are counted per decade. Two peak periods in taxonomic research are revealed, viz. a minor one in the last decades of the 19th century, and a major one in the 1920s–1930s. Especially work published during the second period contains a high proportion of names that are currently considered valid. The second half of the 20th century witnessed a decrease in quantity, but also in quality of taxonomic research. The basic cause for this is probably the typological approach to a group exhibiting high intraspecific morphological variability, but also poor taxonomic education, as reflected by a high incidence of insufficient descriptions, and poor knowledge of the rules governing zoological nomenclature, are of incisive importance.
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    Geographical distribution of Phagocata vivida in the Far East (1995)
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    Hydrobiologia 305 (1995), S. 63-70 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Phagocata ; taxonomy ; distribution ; Japan ; Far East
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phagocata vivida (Ijima et Kaburaki, 1916) is common in cold-water habitats in mountainous and hilly regions in Japan; in Northern Japan it occurs in lowland areas. Comparative studies of the material from South Korea and Primorskiy in Northeast Siberia, Russia, show that Ph. vivida is distributed widely in these geographic areas. Phagocata miyadii Okugawa, 1939, reported from North Korea and Northeastern China is a synonym of Ph vivida. Geographical distribution of this species in the Japanese Islands now becomes very clear. Judging by its geographical and vertical distributions, the species probably is a preglacial faunal element that entered Japan by the northern route to Old Honshû Island along the coast of the Old Sea of Japan.
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    A new species of Avena from Sicily, possibly the tetraploid progenitor of hexaploid oats (1998)
    Springer
    Genetic resources and crop evolution 45 (1998), S. 263-269 
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    ISSN: 1573-5109
    Keywords: evolution ; interspecific hybridization ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A new species of oat, Avena insularis, is described. It was collected in southern Sicily where four populations were found on uncultivated clay soil. Morphologically, it is similar to the hexaploid wild oat A. sterilis, but can be distinguished by its smaller and more condensed panicle, less V-shaped dispersal unit and oblong disarticulation scar. Hybrids between A. insularis and the hexaploid cultivated oat A. sativa were obtained only when the latter was the seed parent in crosses. Chromosome pairing of the hybrids at meiosis was irregular with univalents and multivalents, but the mean number of chiasmata per cell was close to that of A. insularis. Furthermore, the hybrids were partially self-fertile. Thus, the newly discovered species seems closer to the hexaploid oats than any other tetraploid species, and is probably the tetraploid progenitor of hexaploid oats. Hybrids between A. insularis and A. magna were sterile because of irregular chromosome pairing at meiosis.
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    Two new species ofHalicyclops (Copepoda, Cyclopoida) from the Amazon Basin, Brazil (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 315 (1995), S. 167-175 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: taxonomy ; Copepoda ; Cyclopidae ; Halicyclops ; Amazonian Fauna ; Brazil ; freshwater
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two new species ofHalicyclops are described from plankton samples taken in two localities in the Amazon River mouth area, State of Pará, Brazil.Halicyclops lindbergi sp.n. resemblesH. hurlberti andH. clarkei from which it differs by a combination of characters in leg 5, the anal pseudoperculum and the caudal rami. The other new species,H. dussarti, is most morphologically similar toH. pilosus, but they are separated by differences in legs 1 and 5 as well as in the ornamentation of the middle caudal setae.
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    Manipulation of rhizobia microflora for improving legume productivity and soil fertility: A critical assessment (1995)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 174 (1995), S. 143-180 
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    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Azorhizobium ; Bradyrhizobium ; inoculation ; legumes ; N2 fixation ; nodulation ; rhizobial ecology ; Rhizobium ; symbiosis ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Inputs of biologically fixed nitrogen derived from the symbiotic relationship between legumes and their root-nodule bacteria into terrestrial ecosystems amount to at least 70 million metric tons per year. It is obvious that this enormous quantity will need to be augmented as the world's population increases and as the natural resources that supply fertilizer nitrogen diminish. This objective will be achieved through the development of superior legume varieties, improvement in agronomic practice, and increased efficiency of the nitrogen fixation process itself by better management of the symbiotic relationship between plant and bacteria. This paper considers ways and means by which populations of root-nodule bacteria, established and introduced, can be manipulated ecologically, agronomically, edaphically and genetically to improve legume productivity and, as a consequence, soil fertility.
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    Biological properties of some nitrogen-fixing associative enterobacteria (1998)
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    Plant and soil 202 (1998), S. 49-59 
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    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: AP PCR ; Erwinia ; Klebsiella ; nitrogen-fixing bacteria ; phytopathogenicity ; ribosomal DNA ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Enterobacteria isolates from potato tubers were able to fix nitrogen, to protect plants against phytopathogens and to produce phytohormones thus increasing the plant yield. These isolates were previously phenotypically identified as Erwinia carotovora; however, they differed from typical E. carotovora in a number of biological characteristics and were found to be nonphytopathogenic (avirulent) due to the lack of pectate lyase activity. A data matrix, containing 31 strains and 105 biological characteristics was used for computer cluster analysis. The avirulent strains formed a separate cluster more closely related to Klebsiella spp. strains (with a 0.67 level of similarity) than to typical phytopathogenic bacteria of the E. carotovora group (with a 0.48 level of similarity). A phylogenetic analysis based on restriction polymorphisms of an amplified ribosomal DNA spacer region revealed that the avirulent strains studied here were different from all Erwinia, Klebsiella and other enterobacteria species strains. The AP PCR/hybridization technique showed cross homology of amplified DNA of these avirulent strains and a lack of such homology with the DNA from strains of other species. Numerical taxonomy data, rDNA analysis and AP PCR/hybridization assays confirmed that these avirulent bacteria may be regarded as an independent group of enterobacteria.
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    RFLP analysis of a PCR amplified region of chloroplast DNA in eggplant and related Solanum species (1998)
    Springer
    Euphytica 102 (1998), S. 295-299 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: chloroplast DNA ; eggplant ; PCR ; RFLP ; Solanum ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract RFLP analysis of a PCR amplified 3.2-kbp region of cpDNA bounded by the conserved sequences in rbc L and ORF 106 was performed in eggplant (Solanum melongena), its related Solanum species, S. incanum, S. virginianum (= S. surattense), S. torvum, S. aethiopicum (= S. gilo), S. aethiopicum (= S. integrifolium), S. violaceum (= S. indicum), S. violaceum (= S. sanitwongsei) and S. mammosum and the reciprocal hybrids between S. aethiopicum (= S. integrifolium) and S. melongena 'Uttara'. The target region of cpDNA was amplified correctly by PCR. The amplified products were digested with each of 10 restriction enzymes (Alu I, Ase I, BamH I, Hinf I, Msp I, Rsa I, ScrF I, Sty I, Taq I and Xba I). Variations of restriction patterns among the species were recognized after digesting the amplified products with each of the seven restriction enzymes, Taq I, Alu I, Rsa I, Sty I, Ase I, Hinf I and Xba I. The restriction patterns divided the examined nine species into the following five clusters, 1) S. melongena and S. incanum, 2) S. virginianum (= S. surattense), 3) S. torvum, 4) S. aethiopicum (= S. gilo), S. aethiopicum (= S. integrifolium), S. violaceum (= S. indicum) and S. violaceum (= S. sanitwongsei) and 5) S. mammosum. The restriction pattern with Alu I in each of the reciprocal hybrids between S. melongena 'Uttara' and S. aethiopicum (= S. integrifolium) was identical with that of seed parent. The present study demonstrated the availability of the PCR-RFLP analysis of cpDNA for assessing taxonomic relationships and identifying cytoplasmic parentage of interspecific hybrids in eggplant and related Solanum species.
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    Analysis of the genetic diversity among mandarins (Citrus spp.) using RAPD markers (1998)
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    Euphytica 102 (1998), S. 133-139 
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    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Citrus reticulata ; mandarin ; germplasm analysis ; genetic similarity ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract RAPD markers were used to evaluate genetic similarity among 35 mandarin accessions, including 10 species and 7 hybrids. One octamer and twenty-two decamer primers produced 109 RAPDs, 45 of which were polymorphic. Jaccard coefficient was used to calculate genetic similarity, and UPGMA to generate the phenogram. The RAPDs obtained were sufficient to generate some accession-specific markers, and to separate these accessions by clustering them into several groups, many of them according to Tanaka's or Webber's systematic units. The genetic similarity within the mandarin group is high (GJ = 0.77), and suggests that cultivated mandarins have a narrow genetic base. The genetic similarity of mandarins to other true citrus species (Citron [C. medica L.] and Pummelo [C. grandis Osbeck]) was much lower (minimum GJ = 0.27). We propose that the mandarin group is a single species, C. reticulata Blanco, composed of several genetically different individuals and a great number of hybrids, rather than a large number of species as proposed by some taxonomic studies.
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    Colombia and Venezuela 1992 wild potato (Solanum sect. Petota) germplasm collecting expedition: taxonomy and new germplasm resources (1995)
    Springer
    Euphytica 81 (1995), S. 45-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Colombia ; genebank ; germplasm ; Solanum sect. Petota ; taxonomy ; Venezuela
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary We conducted a joint Colombia/United States/Venezuela wild potato (Solanum sect. Petota Dumort.) germplasm collecting expedition in Colombia from June 27–August 24, and in Venezuela from August 17–September 15, 1992. The goals of the expedition were to collect germplasm and study the species boundaries of all of the 23 Colombian and Venezuelan taxa accepted by current taxonomists. We made 128 collections of 16 of these taxa, 96 as true seed collections. We collected the first available germplasm collections of S. cacetanum, S. cuatrecasasii, S. estradae, S. lobbianum, S. orocense, S. paramoense, and S. sucubunense, and obtained germplasm collections of S. neovalenzuelae and S. pamplonense as a germplasm exchange from the Colombian national germplasm collection. We had problems identifying some of our collections, and currently are investigating them for species status and interrelationships. We summarize the state of germplasm collections for Colombia and Venezuela, provide our field data regarding the taxonomy of Colombian and Venezuelan wild potatoes, and provide recommendations for future collecting.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00022458
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    Influence of Taxonomy, Ecology, and Seasonality in River Stage on Fish Contamination Risks in Floodplain Swamps of the Lower Mississippi River (1998)
    Springer
    Ecotoxicology 7 (1998), S. 325-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3017
    Keywords: contamination risks ; fish ; Mississippi River ; ecological factors ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract We compared contamination levels in fish from contaminated and uncontaminated floodplain swamps of the lower Mississippi River to assess differences in contamination risks between swamps, across different taxonomic and ecological groupings of fishes within and between swamps, and with seasonality in river stage. Fish tissue levels of inorganic contaminants were substantially lower than environmental levels in both swamps, suggesting either that fish were not uptaking these contaminants, or they were effectively eliminating the contaminants from their bodies. Tissue levels of organic contaminants were high relative to environmental levels, suggesting that these contaminants were bioaccumulating. Organic contaminants were significantly higher in fish from the contaminated swamp (Devil's Swamp) than in fish from a reference swamp up river (Tunica Swamp). Because the organic contaminants were largely confined to sediments, we expected bottom-oriented fishes to have higher concentrations than pelagic fishes. Assuming that uptake was primarily through the food chain, we expected top predators to exhibit higher concentrations than low-level consumers. We also expected year- round swamp residents to exhibit higher accumulations than more transitory users of backswamp habitat. However, organic contaminant levels did not differ in the directions expected for any of these groupings. We did observe differences in organic contaminant levels within and between swamps for different taxonomic groupings of fishes (species and genera). Some taxa occupying low to middle positions in the food web (e.g., gizzard shad, Lepomis spp.) exhibited higher concentrations than taxa near the top of the food web. Within Devil's Swamp, organic contaminant levels were significantly higher at low river stage, when fish were confined to the swamp, than at high river stage, when fish were free to move between the river and the swamp. We caught more species and more fish per unit effort in Devil's Swamp than in Tunica Swamp, contrary to expectations if contaminants in the former were negatively impacting population and community structure. Species richness differences between swamps were a consequence of catch differences, with higher catch corresponding to inclusion of more rare species. The lower catch in Tunica Swamp may have resulted from physical modifications of its waterways to support agriculture and hunting. The results of this study underscore the importance in factoring information on the taxonomy and ecology of organisms, and seasonal changes in environmental conditions, into assessments of contamination risks.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008811713427
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    Isolation, taxonomy and phylogeny of hyperthermophilic microorganisms (1995)
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    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 11 (1995), S. 9-16 
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    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Archaea ; hydrothermal ; hyperthermophilic ; phylogeny ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Hyperthermophilic Archaea and Bacteria with optimal growth temperatures between 80 and 110°C have been isolated from geo- and hydro-thermally heated terrestrial and submarine environments. 16S rRNA sequence comparisons indicate great phylogenetic diversity among the 23 different genera represented. Hyperthermophiles consist of anaerobic and aerobic chemolithoautotrophs and heterotrophs growing at neutral or acidic pH. Their outstanding heat resistance makes them as interesting objects for basic research as for biotechnology in the future.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339133
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    Morphology and molecular phylogeny ofTretopileus sphaerophorus, a synnematous hyphomycete with basidiomycetous affinities (1998)
    Springer
    Mycoscience 39 (1998), S. 21-30 
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    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Aphyllophorales ; ribosomalDNA ; synnematous hyphomycete ; taxonomy ; Tretopileus sphaerophorus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Tretopileus sphaerophorus, a synnematous hyphomycete with basidiomycetous affinities was newly isolated from the decaying petiole and peduncle ofCocos nucifera collected in Depok, Indonesia. The species produced first a bulbil as a propagule on the top of a synnema. After the bulbil had fallen, the synnema proliferated about seven times to produce new bulbils, each time making conspicuous nodes at the upper part. By careful morphological observation, clamp connections were confirmed on the hyphae in the specimens and culture. In culture, each hyphal cell with or without a clamp was found to be dikaryotic by DAPI nuclear staining. Germination of the bulbils occurred first from projecting hyphal tips on their upper surface, which have been treated as germ pores. The inner structure of the bulbils, the hyaline mucus of the bulbils, and conidium-like hyphal fragments were also examined. Phylogenetically,T. sphaerophorus was inferred to be related to the Aphyllophorales based on the nuclear encoded small subunit (18S) rDNA using the homology search system (FASTA) and the neighbour-joining method.
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    The definitions of species and clade names: A reply to Ghiselin (1995)
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    Biology and philosophy 10 (1995), S. 223-228 
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    ISSN: 1572-8404
    Keywords: Clade ; class ; definition ; defining property ; individual ; intension ; name ; organism ; ostensive definition ; species ; taxon ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Philosophy
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00852247
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    The order phyllachorales: Taxonomic review (1998)
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    Mycoscience 39 (1998), S. 97-104 
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    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Loculoascomycetes ; phyllachoraceae ; phyllachorales ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The order Phyllachorales contains ascomycetous fungi of considerable economic importance. The group is represented mostly by foliar parasites which produce perithecia under a clypeus, inside a stroma, or do not produce any stromatic tissue. A major taxonomic problem with this order is the lack of reliable morphological characters that clearly delimit the entire group. The main purpose of this review is to provide a clear picture of the taxonomic relationships of the order Phyllachorales, along with a key to the most important genera in the family Phyllachoraceae.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02461586
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    Atkinsiella dubia and its related species (1995)
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    Mycoscience 36 (1995), S. 431-438 
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    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Atkinsiella dubia ; Halocrusticida ; Japan ; marine fungus ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Atkinsiella dubia, isolated from the mantle of abalone (Haliotis sieboldii), is described and illustrated as a new record from Japan. The fungus was also obtained from the gills of swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus). Six other species of the genusAtkinsiella have hitherto been reported from various aquatic animals. The fungus is distinguished from the other six species by the morphology of its mycelia and the process of zoospore production. The most distinctive feature is that zoospores in the first motile stage ofA. dubia encyst in zoosporangia, unlike the other species. We therefore proposeHalocrusticida gen. nov. (Lagenidiales, Haliphthoraceae) for the other six species ofAtkinsiella. A key to species of the genusHalocrusticida is provided.
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    A new species ofCortinarius sect.Sericeocybe from Japan (1998)
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    Mycoscience 39 (1998), S. 333-335 
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    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Cortinarius prunicola ; Cortinarius Sect.Sericeocybe ; new species ; Rosaceae ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cortinarius prunicola sp. nov., found in orchards and plantations ofPrunus mume, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by its dry and violet-white carpophores, unpleasant odor, and its close association withP. mume in spring and early summer. The differences betweenC. prunicola and similar species are briefly discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02464017
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    On some species ofMycogloea (1998)
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    Mycoscience 39 (1998), S. 31-36 
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    ISSN: 1618-2545
    Keywords: Mycogloea ; Platygloea ; Platygloeaceae ; Platygloeales ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three new species ofMycogloea are described and illustrated; they are:M. amethystina from Canada,M. nipponica, from Japan, andM. bullata from Thailand.Mycogloea tahitiensis is reported from Japan and additional undescribed taxa in the genus are briefly noted. Some characteristics of the genus are discussed, and a key is provided for six species recognized at this time.
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    Morphological analysis ofAlouatta seniculus species group (Primates, Cebidae). A comparison with biochemical and karyological data (1995)
    Springer
    Human evolution 10 (1995), S. 169-176 
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    ISSN: 1824-310X
    Keywords: Alouatta seniculus ; A macconnelli ; A. stramineus ; taxonomy ; morphology ; karyology ; biogeography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fifteen cranial measurements were taken from wild caught specimens ofAlouatta seniculus seniculus, A. s. stramineus andA. s. macconnelli. A morphological analysis showed sex dimorphism in these three groups. A multivariate analysis discriminated among these taxa; males being more clearly discriminated than females. Our data showed that these taxa can be separated on the basis of quantitative cranial traits, biogeographic distribution, karyological differences, and biochemical characters. We therefore propose a new taxonomic arrangement, changing their taxonomic status to the species level (Alouatta seniculus, A. macconnelli, andA. stramineus).
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02437539
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    Which species are described first?: the case of North American butterflies (1995)
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    Biodiversity and conservation 4 (1995), S. 119-127 
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    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Keywords: butterflies ; description ; taxonomy ; synonymy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Within a taxon, some species are described before others, and some have greater numbers of synonyms. Here, we explore the correlates of date of description and numbers of synonyms for a well-known group of species, the butterflies of North America. Larger and more widespread species were described earlier. Species which were described earlier and are more widespread have greater numbers of associated synonyms. Development of an understanding both of patterns of non-random description and of their determinants is particularly important as increasing use is made of historical (museum) collections of specimens to document spatial patterns in the occurrence of individual species and levels of species richness, and large scale patterns in species-level traits. Exploration of patterns of description of well-known groups provides a point of reference for assessing potential difficulties with those which are more poorly known.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00137780
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    Systematics, biological knowledge and environmental conservation (1995)
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    Biodiversity and conservation 4 (1995), S. 183-205 
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    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Keywords: biological collections ; conservation ; biodiversity information ; phylogenetic systematics ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Systematics and taxonomy are essential: they respectively elucidate life's history, and organize and verify biological knowledge. This knowledge is built of interrelated concepts which are ultimately accounted for by biological specimens. Such knowledge is essential to decide how much and what biodiversity survives human onslaughts. The preservation of specimens in natural history collections is the essential part of the process which builds and maintains biological knowledge. These collections and the human expertise essential to interpret specimens are the taxonomic resources which maintain accurate and verifiable concepts of biological entities. Present and future knowledge of the complexities and diversity of the biosphere depends on the integrity of taxonomic resources, vet widespread ignorance and disregard for their fundamental value has created a global crisis. Preservation of specimens in natural history collections is chronically neglected and support to study and manage collections is very insufficient. The knowledge held by experienced taxonomists is not being passed on to younger recruits. Neglect of collections has destroyed countless specimens and threatens millions more. These threats to taxonomic resources not only impinge on systematics but all biology: this tragedy jeopardizes the integrity of biological knowledge. The consequences for environmental conservation and therefore humanity are also of dire severity and the biodiversity crisis adds unprecedented weight to the barely recognized crisis in taxonomy and systematics.
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  • 91
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    Wild potato (Solanum sect.Petota) germplasm collecting expedition to Mexico in 1993, with special reference toSolanum bulbocastanum Dunal andS. cardiophyllum Lindley (1995)
    Springer
    Potato research 38 (1995), S. 47-52 
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    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: subspecies ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A joint Mexico/United States expedition collected wild potato (Solanum sect.Petota) germplasm in Mexico between August 1–31, 1993. The purpose of the expedition was to expand germplasm and herbarium collections ofS. bulbocastanum andS. cardiophyllum. Collections were made from west-central to southern Mexico, and comprised 19 true seed and 37 tuber collections (45 collections in total) of 9 species and two putative natural hybrids.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02358068
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  • 92
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    Taxonomic review of the species of Pterocladia (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 10 (1998), S. 237-251 
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    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Gelidiales ; Gelidiella ; Gelidium ; Pterocladia ; Pterocladiella ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Segregating Pterocladiella from Pterocladia stimulated new taxonomic studies of the species originally assigned to Pterocladia. A total of 28 species are ascribed to the genus, one of them with doubts. Thirteen of the 27 names are synonyms. Three of the remaining 14 species belong with Gelidium, including G. americanum, G. mcnabbianum (Dawson) comb. nov. and G. musciformis. Seven other species belong with Pterocladiella, including P. bartlettii (Taylor) comb. nov., P. bulbosa, P. caerulescens, P. caespitosa (Kylin) comb. nov., P. caloglossoides (Howe) comb. nov., P. capillacea and P. melanoidea. Two species are retained in Pterocladia, the type P. lucida and P. rectangularis. Two others, P. heteroplatos and P. media are placed in incertae sedis as additional studies of fertile materials are needed to determine their generic status. The genus Pterocladia now appears to include two large-sized species restricted to Australia-New Zealand. Pterocladiella has 8 small-sized species (including P. minima), mainly inhabiting tropical and subtropical waters. Future research documenting sexual reproduction in Gelidiella and solving the presently recognized heterogeneity in Gelidium will help to trace the relationships between Pterocladiella and these two genera.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008095915164
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    Biodiversity patterns in Indian Ocean corals, and effects of taxonomic error in data (1998)
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    Biodiversity and conservation 7 (1998), S. 847-868 
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    ISSN: 1572-9710
    Keywords: corals ; diversity ; taxonomy ; Indian Ocean
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Corals from 26 sites in the Indian Ocean, from numerous taxonomic sources, are analysed for distribution patterns after applying a consistent synonymy. The data set contains double the amount of distribution information used previously. Cluster analysis shows several contiguous regional groupings within this ocean, and no geographically dispersed groupings exist. Between-site species similarity correlates negatively with distance between sites. Coral species diversity and genus diversity plotted with latitude and longitude confirm that a band of high diversity stretches across the entire Indian Ocean, but that in this Ocean, unlike the Pacific and greater Caribbean area, there is no clear gradient with latitude at least up to the latitudinal limits of coral growth. About half the species are widespread throughout the Indian Ocean. Species frequency/distribution curves and cumulative frequency curves show that 150 species occur at only 2–4 sites. Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) analysis using only these species confirms that they are important in forming sub-regional groupings which are superimposed on a general Indian Ocean homogeneity. The perennial problem of error in taxonomic data sets is examined. Increasing taxonomic error is introduced into the data using random methods. It is found that about 25% more error can be added to this data set before the relationship between similarity coefficient and geographical distance between pairs of sites is lost. Measures extracted from the clustering procedure using the original data and the data sets with added taxonomic error, show a sharp loss in cluster formation after addition of about 10 or 20% more error.
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    Taxonomy and geographical distribution of Dugesia japonica and D. ryukyuensis in the Far East (1995)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 305 (1995), S. 55-61 
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    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Turbellaria ; Tricladida ; Dugesia ; taxonomy ; Japan ; Far East
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dugesia japonica Ichikawa et Kawakatsu, 1964, is a common and polymorphic species of freshwater planarian distributed widely in the Far East. In 1976 the geographic populations were separated into 2 subspecies (D.j.japonica and D.j. ryukyuensis). The taxonomy of this species is reconsidered once again from the morphological, anatomical, histological, and karyological viewpoints. From the result of these studies, D.j. ryukyuensis is elevated to the rank of species: D. ryukyuensis Kawakatsu, 1976. D. japonica (n = 8, 2x = 16, 3x = 24) differs from D. ryukyuensis (n = 7, 2x = 14, 3x = 21) in having an asymmetrical penis papilla without a well-developed valve surrounding its basal part, and a well-developed vagina (distribution: the Japanese Islands, Taiwan, the Korean Peninsula, China, and Primorskiy, Northeast Siberia, in Russia). D. ryukyuensis is characterized by an asymmetrical penis papilla with a well-developed valve surrounding its basal part, and a less-developed vagina (distribution: the Southwest Islands of Japan).
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    Comparative study of seed albumins in the Old-WorldLupinus species (Fabaceae) by reversed-phase HPLC (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 195 (1995), S. 77-86 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Fabaceae ; Lupinus ; Lupins ; 2S albumins ; conglutin δ ; RP-HPLC ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seed albumins and 2S proteins isolated from the albumin fraction of 36 accessions representing 10 Old-WorldLupinus species (5 smooth- and 5 rough-seeded) were studied using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. In addition, the globulin fraction was analyzed to determine its 2S protein content. The performed separations showed the suitability of RP-HPLC technique in the analysis of variation of the seed albumin composition in lupins. In the group of rough-seeded lupins, 3 types of RP-HPLC elution profiles of albumins were distinguished: (1)L. atlanticus, (2)L. cosentinii andL. digitatus, (3)L. palaestinus andL. pilosus. All the species of this group were found to have proteins not observed in smooth-seeded species. Smooth-seeded species exhibited more abundant protein spectra, each species distinguishing by its specific RP-HPLC elution profile. It was found that 2S proteins classified as 2S albumins were responsible for the observed variation. Depending onLupinus species, the 2S albumin class consists of two to six proteins.
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    Cytomorphological characters supporting the taxonomic validity ofCyanothece (Cyanoprokaryota) (1998)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 210 (1998), S. 25-39 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Cyanophyta ; Cyanobacteria ; Cyanothece ; Synechococcus ; Cyanobium ; Ultrastructure ; nucleoids ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fine structure of the type species of the genusCyanothece Komárek 1976,C. aeruginosa, is described and compared with the main cytological characteristics of morphologically related members of the generaCyanobium, Cyanobacterium andSynechococcus. Several morphological features, such as cell walls with thick outer layers containing a special type of vesicles, position of thylakoids, “keritomy” (net-like appearance of protoplast caused by arrangement of thylakoids, net-like nucleoids and/or by tendency to form intrathylakoidal spaces) and a special structure of mucilaginous envelopes were found to be characteristic of this genus, supporting its separate position among coccal cyanoprokaryotes (cyanobacteria, cyanophytes). The taxonomic significance of ultrastructural features in all mentioned genera is discussed.
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    Systematics ofAbrotanella, an Amphi-pacific genus ofAsteraceae (Senecioneae) (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 197 (1995), S. 149-193 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Asteraceae ; Senecioneae ; Blennospermatinae ; Abrotanella ; Revision ; morphology ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The amphi-pacific genusAbrotanella (Gaudich.)Cass. of the southern hemisphere in theAsteraceae (Senecioneae, Blennospermatinae) is revised and 18 species are recognized. Three new species are described:A. fertilis Swenson from New Zealand,A. purpurea Swenson andA. trilobata Swenson from southern South America. The sexual function of central florets, perfect or functionally male, floret vascular pattern, and internal secretory spaces in the phyllaries are shown to be taxonomically informative for the circumscription of the species. Central without marginal vascular tissue in the lobes of florets, a unique pattern forAsteraceae, is reported. A diagnostic key, line drawings, descriptions, and distribution maps are supplied for all species.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984638
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    Neoschumannia (includingSwynnertonia), a primitive genus of theAsclepiadaceae-Stapelieae (1995)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 197 (1995), S. 233-242 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Asclepiadaceae ; Stapelieae ; Ceropegiinae ; Brachystelma ; Caralluma ; Ceropegia ; Neoschumannia ; Swynnertonia ; Morphology ; taxonomy ; Flora of East Africa ; West Africa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A comparison of the West AfricanNeoschumannia Schltr. and the East AfricanSwynnertonia S. Moore reveals that the two monotypic genera must be united.Swynnertonia is sunk into synonymy ofNeoschumannia and the new combinationNeoschumannia cardinea (S. Moore)Meve is made for the East African species.Neoschumannia is shown to belong to the tribeStapelieae. The taxon exhibits a very unusual character combination: the growth form of a woody liana is combined with a tripartite corona unique within theAsclepiadaceae. The morphology of the corona suggests a position ofNeoschumannia close to the base of theStapelieae —Ceropegiinae alliance.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00984642
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    Phylogenetic relationships betweenVicia faba (Fabaceae) and related species inferred from chloroplasttrnL sequences (1998)
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 212 (1998), S. 247-259 
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    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Fabaceae ; Vicia faba ; trnL intron ; PCR-sequencing ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The chloroplasttrnL intron from 46 differentVicia accessions, representing five of the nine sections of the genusVicia subg.Vicia sensuMaxted (1991a) were amplified by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using oligonucleotide primers homologous to conserved regions intrnL. The products fell into two distinct groups; those of approximately 250 nt and those of around 450 nt in length. Of these, products from 17 differentVicia species were cloned and their nucleotide sequences determined. Multiple alignments were assembled and phylogenetic trees constructed by the weighted least-squares distance method. ALathyrus latifolius trnL intron sequence was used as an outgroup. The resulting trees clearly group and separate the sectt.Narbonensis, Bithynica andFaba species but were less able to distinguish species from sectt.Hypechusa andPeregrinae. Based on these sequence data,V. faba appears to be more distant from sect.Narbonensis than sectt.Hypechusa andPeregrinae. The results are in general agreement with a recent treatment ofVicia subg.Vicia (Maxted 1993) and lend further support to placingV. faba in the monospecific sect.Faba.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01089741
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of PCR-RFLP analysis of the ITS region with morphological criteria of various strains of Dunaliella (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of applied phycology 10 (1998), S. 573-580 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: Dunaliella ; ITS ; PCR ; RFLP ; strains ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genus Dunaliella comprises 28 species defined primarily by morphological and physiological criteria, which vary considerably depending on growth conditions. Concomitantly, the taxonomic status of various species is uncertain. To confirm the taxonomic identity and to better understand the relationship within Dunaliella, seven taxa ( D. salina, D. bardawil, D. tertiolecta, D. parva, D. viridis, D. lateralis, D. peircei) were compared using RFLP analysis of the nuclear rDNA repeats, specifically the internal transcribed spacer regions, including the 5.8S rRNA gene. Volvox aureus was used as an outgroup. A single ITS PCR amplification product was obtained for each taxon. An ITS fragment of ca. 640 bp was present in all the taxa within the subgenus Dunaliella, except for D. salina CCMP 1303 (ca. 540 bp) and D. lateralis (subgenus Pascheria) (ca. 600 bp). A cluster analysis based on the presence or absence of bands generated by digestion of the PCR product with 8 restriction endonucleases (DpnI, HhaI, EcoRI, PvuII, TaqI, HaeIII, MspI, StyI) revealed no correlation between the genetic relationship inferred from the ITS-RFLP data and the morpho-physiological attributes used for taxonomy. In addition, differences in morphology, physiology and in the length and restriction fragment patterns of the ITS region of D. salina CCMP 1303 suggest that this strain does not belong to Dunaliella.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008035422784
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