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  • Articles  (26)
  • Nicotiana  (26)
  • Springer  (26)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Elsevier
  • 1980-1984  (26)
  • 1980  (26)
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  • Articles  (26)
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  • Springer  (26)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Elsevier
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  • 1980-1984  (26)
Year
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of proteins synthesized in vivo and in vitro by mRNA from isolated protoplasts (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 453-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: mRNA ; Protein synthesis ; Protoplasts ; Nicotiana ; Translation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Studies of proteins synthesized in vitro by messenger RNA (mRNA) extracted from tobacco protoplasts showed that the changes in protein synthesis and especially the lack of certain proteins observed previously in isolated protoplasts did not result from a failure of translation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395314
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of leaves and roots on meristem development inNicotiana tabacum L. cv. Wisconsin 38 (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 462-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Flower formation ; Leaves (in flower formation) ; Meristem (shoot) ; Nicotiana ; Roots (and flower formation)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The terminal, apical shoot meristem ofN. tabacum cv. Wisconsin 38 normally differentiates into a flower after producing 30 to 40 nodes. The influence of leaves and roots on the regulation of flowering was evaluated by counting the number of nodes produced after removal of leaves or the induction of adventitious roots. Leaf removal has no effect on the number of nodes produced before flower formation. Root induction significantly increases the number of nodes produced before flower formation. The plant behaves as if it were measuring the number of nodes between the meristem and the roots as a means of regulating meristem conversion from vegetative to floral differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395316
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polysomes from expanded tobacco leaves (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 491-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Leaves (polysomes) ; Nicotiana ; Polysomes ; Poly(A)+ RNA ; Protein synthesis ; RNA (polysomal, polyA+)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The isolation of intact polysomes from leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is dependent on the age and state of development of leaves. Undegraded polysomes from young leaves in the early stages of expansion can be isolated easily by extracting the leaves in ice-cold extraction buffer (200 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethylmethane(Tris)-HCl, pH 9.0; 400 mM KCl; 200 mM sucrose; 35 mM MgCl2). Medium-size leaves give best yields of undegraded polysomes when extractions are carried out in the above buffer and in the presence of ethyleneglycol-bis-(β-amino-ethyl ether)-N,N′-tetracetic acid (EGTA) and mercaptoethanol. Isolation of polysomes from large, nearly fully expanded (mature) leaves requires all of the above plus diethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA) in the extraction medium. An extraction medium consisting of 25 mM EGTA, 0.01 M mercaptoethanol, 25 mM DIECA and 0.5% of the nonionic detergent, Nonidet-P40 (NP 40) was found to be very suitable for extraction of polysomes from all developmental stages of leaves. The polysomes extracted in the above medium showed active translation of protein in the wheat-germ in-vitro protein-synthesizing system. The translational products were similar when translations were carried out directly with polysomes or polysomal RNA, or polysomal poly(A)+ RNA from tobacco leaves. Poly(A)− polysomal RNA was a poor template in the in-vitro wheat-germ system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02395320
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nutritional requirements of protoplast-derived, haploid tobacco cells grown at low cell densities in liquid medium (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 7-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin metabolism ; Cell suspensions (low density) ; Medium conditioning ; Nicotiana ; Nitrogen metabolism ; Protoplasts ; Vitamin requirements
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Preliminary attempts to define a completely synthetic medium able to support divisions of haploid tobacco mesophyll protoplasts at low initial densities have failed. High protoplast concentrations together with large amounts of naphtaleneacetic acid in the medium (3 mg l-1 NAA) were required for maximal induction of protoplast division. However, cell suspensions derived from haploid protoplasts after four days of preculture at high initial cell densities could be diluted to densities as low as 1–4 cells ml-1, provided the concentration of NAA in the medium was lowered to below 0.3 mg l-1. The optimal NAA supply for low cell density growth was affected by the nature of the nitrogen source. A simple minimal medium which supports the growth of these haploid cells with a plating efficiency of 30–40%, independent of the cell density in the range of 1–4 to 3·104 cells ml-1, has been established. In this medium inositol was the only vitamin stringently required for growth. Growth of cells at low densities was also possible in a medium initially containing 3 mg l-1 NAA, provided it was conditioned by the growth of protoplasts at high densities. Preliminary experiments with [14C]NAA showed that the amount of free NAA remaining in the medium after preincubation at high densities was drastically reduced. Simultaneously, NAA conjugates accumulated in the medium. The implications of these results are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386221
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a cytoplasmic auxin receptor from tobacco-pith callus (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 44-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin receptor ; Callus ; Nicotiana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cultured tobacco-pith tissue contains a cytoplasmic receptor for indoleacetic acid (IAA). The concentration of binding sites is very low in comparison to that of several auxin receptors found by other investigators. A few obvious possible causes (degradation or inactivation) were investigated. From the results we conclude that the low number of binding sites is real. The receptor binds IAA optimally at pH 7.5–7.8 and at a temperature of 24–30°C, when incubated for 25–30 min. The binding is very specific, as is shown by competition experiments. The concentration of the receptor in the callus tissue changes dramatically during each culture period, which suggests a possible role in development. The receptor was partly purified by gel filtration on Sepharose 6B followed by ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386225
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of light on the production of ethylene from 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid by leaves (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 196-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid ; Avena ; Ethylene ; Etiolation ; Light (ethylene production) ; Nicotiana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract White light inhibits the conversion of 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) in discs of green leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and segments of oat (Avena sativa L.) leaves by from 60 to 90%. Etiolated oat leaves do not show this effect. The general nature of the effect is shown by its presence in both a mono- and a dicotyledon. Since the leaves have been grown and pre-incubated in light, yet can produce from 2 to 9 times as much ethylene in the dark as in the light, it follows that the light inhibition is fully reversible. The inhibition by light is about equal to that exerted in the dark by CoCl2; it can be partly reversed by dithiothreitol and completely by mercaptoethanol. Thus the light is probably acting, via the photosynthetic system, on the SH group(s) of the enzyme system converting ACC to ethylene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380882
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between the nicotine content of tobacco plants and callus cultures (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 205-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Callus cultures ; Nicotiana ; Nicotine ; Tissue cultures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Callus cultures of two low-alkaloid lines of Nicotiana tabacum L. had considerably lower nicotine contents than cultures from the respective highalkaloid cultivars which were isogenic except for the two loci for alkaloid accumulation. Thus, there was a strong correlation between the nicotine content of callus cultures and the plants from which they were derived.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380884
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auxin-binding by particulate fractions from tobacco leaf protoplasts (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 150 (1980), S. 9-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin binding ; Nicotiana ; Plasma membrane ; Protoplast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In vitro binding of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) to particulate fractions from tobacco leaf protoplasts was studied. In freshly isolated protoplasts no specific binding could be detected, whereas it was present in particulate fractions from tobacco leaves. It is concluded that the NAA-binding-sites are probably located at the external face of the plasma membrane; they are destroyed during protoplast isolation by proteolytic enzymes in the cellulase and macerozyme preparations. After culturing the protoplasts for 3–4 d, the first cell divisions were observed and at the same time specific NAA-binding became detectable. The affinity constant for NAA was approx. 2·106 mol-1 and the number of binding sites increased during further culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00385607
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing the incidence of habituation for cytokinin of tobacco pith tissue in culture (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 150 (1980), S. 264-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cytokinin habituation ; Habituation, cytokinin ; Nicotiana ; Position effects (habituation) ; Size effects (habituation) ; Tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pith tissue of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. “Havana 425” exhibits a gradient in its tendency to habituate for cytokinin on an auxin-containing medium at 35° C, about 10° C above the standard culture temperature. Explants of pith from below the 8th to 11th internode, counting from the bottom of the plant, rarely habituate for cytokinin; explants from above this threshold habituate rapidly. The explants must also be above a critical size, about 20–30 mg, to habituate. There was a pronounced interaction between size and position effects; the threshold position for cytokinin habituation shifted upward with decreasing explant size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390836
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Stimulation by abscisic acid of RNA synthesis in discs from healthy and tobacco mosaic virus-infected tobacco leaves (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 150 (1980), S. 349-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Nicotiana ; Ribonucleic acid synthesis ; Tobacco mosaic virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Uptake of abscisic acid from the culture medium by discs of healthy and tobacco mosaic virus-infected tobacco leaves was measured. Small (two to five-fold) increases in abscisic acid concentration in discs caused increases in rates of [3H]uridine and [3H]adenine incorporation into total nucleic acid, virus RNA and host ribosomal RNA. Net accumulation of virus RNA was also enhanced by abscisic acid. This evidence for stimulation of RNA synthesis is compared with previous reports showing inhibition of RNA synthesis in other tissues. It is suggested that the increase in endogenous abscisic acid caused by tobacco mosaic virus infection may be at least partly responsible for observed increases in rates of RNA synthesis after infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390168
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of peroxidase isoenzyme groups of Nicotiana tabacum in hydrogen peroxide formation (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1980), S. 467-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Hydrogenperoxide ; Lignification ; Nicotiana ; Peroxidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Three peroxidase isoenzyme-groups found in cell walls of tobacco were tested for their capacity to form H2O2. Isoenzyme-group GI, located only in cell walls (GII and GIII are also found in protoplasts) showed the highest Kapp-value for H2O2-formation. The lowest Kapp-value, i.e., maximal H2O2-formation was received for group GIII which is ionically bound to the cell wall. As shown before, GI yields maximal polymerization rates for coniferyl- and p-coumarylalcohol. These facts indicate that each of the peroxidase isoenzyme groups of the cell wall is involved with different catalytic functions within the same pathways of H2O2-formation and succeeding lignification. H2O2-formation catalyzed by all 3 groups was increased by very low concentrations of Mn2+-ions. The required amount of Mn2+ leading to maximal stimulation was in each case dependent on the basic rate of H2O2-formation. Maximal stimulation of H2O2-formation by phenolic compounds was achieved by coniferylalcohol at a concentration of 10-4M for all groups. Stimulation by p-coumaryl-and by sinapylalcohol was not as significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380189
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The induction of cytokinin habituation in primary pith explants of tobacco (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 402-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cytokinin ; Habituation rates ; Nicotiana ; Temperature and habituation ; Tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pith parenchyma tissue ofNicotiana tabacum L. cv. “Havana 425” becomes cytokinin habituated when incubated at 35°C on an auxin-containing medium. Under these conditions, habituated, hyperplastic nodules appear on the tissues. We used these nodules to estimate the incidence of habituation by a statistical method. The rate of habituation varied with the season. Tissue isolated from plants in the spring habituated approx. 7 times faster than did tissue isolated from plants in winter. The fact that the average rate, 〉4×10−3 per cell generation, was 100–1,000 times faster than the rate of somatic mutation inNicotiana species and depended on the physiological state of the tissue provides further evidence that habituation involves epigenetic changes rather than rare, random genetic mutations. We also found that kinetin (6-furfurylaminopurine) induced habituation and that the concentration required depended on the duration of cytokinin treatment. For long incubation times, approx. 6×10−10 M kinetin, which is about 1,000-fold lower than the concentration optimal for growth of cytokinin-requiring pith tissue, was sufficient to induce habituation. These results support the hypothesis that the habituated state is maintained by a positive feedback loop in which cytokinins either induce their own synthesis or inhibit their own degradation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00571176
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  • 13
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    Fatty-acid composition and biosynthesis in cell suspension cultures of Glycine max (L.) Merr., Catharanthus roseus G. Don and Nicotiana tabacum L. (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1980), S. 384-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Acetate incorporation ; Catharanthus ; Cell suspension cultures ; Fatty acids ; Glycihe ; Nicotiana ; Temperature and fatty-acid synthesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The fatty-acid composition of C. roseus and N. tabacum cell suspension cultures was unaffected by subculture on Wood and Braun, Murashige and Skoog, or Gamborg B5C media. However, placing the cultures — which were normally grown at 25° C — at 15° C reduced growth but resulted in enhanced formation of oleic and linolenic acids in C. roseus cultures and increased levels of linoleic and linolenic acids in cultures of G. max and N. tabacum, respectively. The incorporation of [14C]acetate into [14C]linoleic acid was more rapid in N. tabacum cells than in G. max cells, but was very poor in C. roseus where the [14C] label was distributed mainly between palmitic and oleic acids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380177
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
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    Expression of nuclear and chloroplastic genes coding for fraction-1 protein in somatic hybrids of Nicotiana tabacum + rustica (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1980), S. 414-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Fraction-1 protein ; Hybrid, somatic ; Nicotiana ; Protein (Fraction 1) ; Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase ; Somatic hybrid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the sexual interspecific cross, Nicotiana rustica L.xN. tabacum L., N. rustica can serve as the female but not as the male parent. By fusion of protoplasts, the barrier to fertilization was overcome and somatic hybrids containing N. tabacum cytoplasm were produced as shown by isoelectric focusing of the Fraction-1 protein (F-1-protein). All somatic hybrids displayed polypeptides of the large subunit of F-1 protein (which is coded by the chloroplast genome) characteristic of only one or the other parental species. Two hybrids had large subunits of the N. tabacum type and two hybrids had those of the N. rustica type. Three hybrids contained three smallsubunit polypeptides (coded by the nuclear genome), one being characteristic of N. rustica, one characteristic of N. tabacum, and one with an isoelectric point common to both species. A fourth hybrid contained only two small-subunit polypeptides of the N. tabacum type but in a F-1 protein macromolecule whose large subunits were of the N. rustica type. One somatic hybrid was self-fertile and its F2 progeny contained large- and small-subunit polypeptides indistinguishable in their isoelectric points from those in the parent F1 hybrid. All somatic hybrids showed an aneuploid chromosome number and morphological characteristics intermediate between those of N. rustica and N. tabacum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380181
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of different temperatures on fatty-acid synthesis and polyunsaturation in cell suspension cultures (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1980), S. 389-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Catharanthus ; Cell suspension cultures ; Glycine ; Fatty acids (synthesis, desaturation) ; Nicotiana ; Linoleic, linolenic, oleic, acids ; Temperature and fatty acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus G. Don, Glycine max (L.) Merr. and Nicotiana tabacum L. were incubated with [14C]acetate, [14C]oleic acid and [14C]linoleic acid at five different temperatures ranging from 15 to 35° C. When the incubation temperature was increased, [14C]acetate was incorporated preferentially into [14C]palmitate, with a concomitant drop in [14C]oleate formation. Between 15 and 20° C, [14C]oleic acid accumulated in C. roseus cells. In all cultures, optimum desaturation of [14C]oleic acid to [14C]linoleic acid occurred between 20 and 25° C, and in G. max this was also the optimal range for desaturation of [14C]linoleic acid to [14C]linolenic acid. Elongation of [14C]palmitic acid was inhibited when cultures grown at 15° C for 25 h were subsequently incubated with [14C]acetate at 25° C. [14C]oleic acid accumulated in G. max and C. roseus cultures grown at 35° C for 25 h and subsequently incubated at 25° C. Desaturation of [14C]oleic acid increased up to 25° C, but then decreased or leveled off depending on the cell line and on the temperature prior to incubation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380178
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polysomes from expanded tobacco leaves (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 491-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Leaves (polysomes) ; Nicotiana ; Polysomes ; Poly(A)+ RNA ; Protein synthesis ; RNA (polysomal, polyA+)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The isolation of intact polysomes from leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is dependent on the age and state of development of leaves. Undegraded polysomes from young leaves in the early stages of expansion can be isolated easily by extracting the leaves in ice-cold extraction buffer (200 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethylmethane(Tris)-HCl, pH 9.0; 400 mM KCl; 200 mM sucrose; 35 mM MgCl2). Medium-size leaves give best yields of undegraded polysomes when extractions are carried out in the above buffer and in the presence of ethyleneglycol-bis-(β-amino-ethyl ether)-N,N′-tetracetic acid (EGTA) and mercaptoethanol. Isolation of polysomes from large, nearly fully expanded (mature) leaves requires all of the above plus diethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA) in the extraction medium. An extraction medium consisting of 25 mM EGTA, 0.01 M mercaptoethanol, 25 mM DIECA and 0.5% of the nonionic detergent, Nonidet-P40 (NP 40) was found to be very suitable for extraction of polysomes from all developmental stages of leaves. The polysomes extracted in the above medium showed active translation of protein in the wheat-germ in-vitro protein-synthesizing system. The translational products were similar when translations were carried out directly with polysomes or polysomal RNA, or polysomal poly(A)+ RNA from tobacco leaves. Poly(A)− polysomal RNA was a poor template in the in-vitro wheat-germ system.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00552665
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  • 17
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    Suitable conditions for characterization, identification, and isolation of the mRNA of the small subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from Nicotiana sylvestris (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: mRNA ; Nicotiana ; Protein synthesis ; Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase ; RNA (messenger) ; Translation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The products synthesized in vitro by messenger RNA (mRNA) extracted from Nicotiana sylvestris were analyzed by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide slab gels. Only three of the major polypeptides synthesized are considered here: P55, P32, and P20. P55 and P32 were translated from chloroplast mRNA. P55 corresponds to the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuP2) carboxylase; P32 is probably a chloroplast membrane protein. P20, the polypeptide synthesized from cytoplasmic poly(A)+ RNA, is the precursor of the small subunit of RuP2 carboxylase. The balance between P20 and P32, in which their relative proportions varied inversely, was regulated by the age of the leaves and the time of illumination; we took advantage of this phenomenon to isolate the mRNA from the small subunit in relatively large amounts. This mRNA has a molecular weight of 350,000.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380029
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  • 18
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    Properties and regulation of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase from suspension cultures ofNicotiana sylvestris (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 150 (1980), S. 140-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase ; Cell suspension culture ; Cysteine ; Enzyme regulation ; Nicotiana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The properties and the regulation of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase extracted from cell suspension cultures ofNicotiana sylvestris was investigated. Optimal adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase activity was obtained from the cells by extraction with 0.1 M tris-HCl, pH8.0, containing 2 M MgSO4 and 10 mM dithioerythritol. The K m for adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate in the sulfotransferase reaction was about 11 μM. Adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate in concentrations above 50 μM were inhibitory. The extratable adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase activity decreased during cultivation with sulfate as the sole sulfur source, but after about 3 days it reached a constant level (50 to 100 nmol activated sulfate transferred h-1 mg-1 protein) which was maintained for at least 24 h. Addition of 0.5 mM cysteine to the culture medium decreased the extractable adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase activity and blocked growth completely. With 0.1 mM cysteine an enzyme level of about 10% of the initial value was reached within 6 to 12 h without significant inhibition of growth. The added cysteine was absorbed rapidly and after 24 h cysteine could no longer be detected in the medium. Before the cysteine was completely depleted, the activity of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase started to increase, reaching ultimately a level which was comparable to the initial value.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582357
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
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    Ribosylzeatin and zeatin in tobacco crown gall tissue (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1980), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Crown gall ; Cytokinins ; Nicotiana
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cytokinins were extracted from two cultures of tobacco crown gall tumor tissue: an unorganized tissue and a teratoma which produced leafy shoots. On Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, extracts of both types of tissue yielded two peaks of cytokinin activity with elution volumes similar to ribosylzeatin and zeatin. Ribosylzeatin and zeatin were detected and quantified by coupled gas chromatography — mass spectrometry selected ion monitoring (GC/MS SIM), comparable quantities being found in the two extracts. Full mass spectral evidence for the presence of ribosylzeatin in both tissues was obtained. No evidence was found for the presence of N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenosine (i6Ade) or N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine (i6Ade) although these compounds have been reported to occur in cytokinin-habituated tobacco callus tissues.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379831
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  • 20
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    Multistage disruption of protoplasts by dikegulac (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1980), S. 274-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Cell division ; Dikegulac ; Lysis ; Nicotiana ; Plasmalemma ; Protoplasts ; Tonoplast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dikegulac (2,3:4,6 di-o-isopropylidine-2-keto-I-gulonate) is a growth regulator used to differentially kill terminal apices, and it analogously inhibits basic metabolic functions in dividing cells, but not stationary cells, in suspension culture. This report demonstrates an analogous situation in isolated tobacco protoplasts. At the lowest concentrations, dikegulac partially suppresses division of the protoplasts. Higher concentrations are required to produce visual cytoplasmic damage to the protoplasts, which probably first occurs at the level of the plasmalemma, as the vacuoles can be released intact. Later, tonoplast disruption occurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379832
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of abscisic acid-resistant variants from tobacco cell cultures (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 97-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Cell cultures ; Nicotiana ; Variants, resistant ; Water stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The goal of this work was to begin a genetic study of the molecular mode of action of abscisic acid (ABA), by isolating variant cultured cells resistant to the hormone, or to a factor which induces ABA synthesis, namely water stress. Cell cultures of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Wisconsin 38 and N. silvestris Speg. and Comes were chosen as the experimental materials. Studies of the effects of the two stresses on the growth of the cultures demonstrated that ABA or water stress imposed by mannitol could completely inhibit growth. These effects arose in both cases from a constant reduction of the growth rate of the cells throughout the culture period. Mannitol also induced an increase in ABA content of the cells and media of suspension cultures, although not to the concentrations required to achieve the same degree of growth inhibition when the hormone was applied exogenously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386408
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of abscisic acid-resistant variants from tobacco cell cultures (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 103-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Cell cultures ; Nicotiana ; Variants, resistant ; Water stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Variant clones were isolated from Nicotiana silvestris Speg. et Comes cell cultures at low frequencies following severe abscisic-acid (ABA) or mannitol-induced water-stress treatments of plated cells. N. tabacum L. variants were not recovered. Variants from the ABA selection experiments exhibited a 10-fold increase in resistance to the hormone. This trait was stable in non-selective conditions for as long as was tested (200 days), but did not alter the response of the cells to water stress. Cell lines from the waterstress selection were not more resistant to mannitol than the parent line, and had a wide range of response to ABA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386409
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of proteins synthesized in vivo and in vitro by mRNA from isolated protoplasts (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 453-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: mRNA ; Protein synthesis ; Protoplasts ; Nicotiana ; Translation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Studies of proteins synthesized in vitro by messenger RNA (mRNA) extracted from tobacco protoplasts showed that the changes in protein synthesis and especially the lack of certain proteins observed previously in isolated protoplasts did not result from a failure of translation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00552659
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of leaves and roots on meristem development inNicotiana tabacum L. cv. Wisconsin 38 (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 148 (1980), S. 462-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Flower formation ; Leaves (in flower formation) ; Meristem (shoot) ; Nicotiana ; Roots (and flower formation)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The terminal, apical shoot meristem ofN. tabacum cv. Wisconsin 38 normally differentiates into a flower after producing 30 to 40 nodes. The influence of leaves and roots on the regulation of flowering was evaluated by counting the number of nodes produced after removal of leaves or the induction of adventitious roots. Leaf removal has no effect on the number of nodes produced before flower formation. Root induction significantly increases the number of nodes produced before flower formation. The plant behaves as if it were measuring the number of nodes between the meristem and the roots as a means of regulating meristem conversion from vegetative to floral differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00552661
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restoration of fertility in cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) Nicotiana Sylvestris by fusion with X-irradiated N. tabacum protoplasts (1980)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 58 (1980), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Nicotiana ; Cytoplasmic-male-sterility ; Somatic hybridization ; Plastid segregation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Restoration of male fertility was achieved by fusing protoplasts from male sterile (CMS) Nicotiana sylvestris plants with X-irradiated protoplasts derived from fertile N. tabacum plants. The CMS N. sylvestris plants were derived from a previous somatic hybridization experiment and contained alien (Line 92) cytoplasm. About one quarter of the regenerated plants were found to be cybrids. i.e. they consisted of N. sylvestris nuclei combined with all or some components of N. tabacum cytoplasm. In one half of these cybrids male fertility was restored to different levels. The chloroplasts of the two parental donors differ in respect to tentoxin sensitivity: chloroplasts of CMS N. sylvestris are sensitive while those of N. tabacum are insensitive. It could therefore be demonstrated that there was an independent segregation of chloroplast type and male fertility/sterility: several somatic cybrids were male fertile but tentoxin sensitive and others were tentoxin insensitive yet they were male sterile. Only in about one half of the somatic cybrids was male fertility restored together with restoration to tentoxin insensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263102
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection of embryogenic pollen from cold-treated buds ofNicotiana tabacum var. badischer burley and their development into embryos in cultures (1980)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 105 (1980), S. 161-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Embryogenic pollen ; Nicotiana ; Pollen culture ; Selection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary By using density gradient centrifugation, employing 55% percoll and 4% sucrose as suspension medium, it is possible to select embryogenic pollen from buds after cold treatment at 10 °C for 8 or more days. These buds at the uninucleate stage of pollen were collected from plants grown in 8 hours photocycles at 18 °C and supplied with mineral salts. The embryogenic pollen are small, starch-free with a clear cytoplasm whereas large starch-filled ones are nonembryogenic. The embryogenic pollen regularly form embryos at a frequency of 2% on a mineral medium supplemented with glutamine, asparagine and sucrose at pH 6.5. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that it is possible to have embryos in appreciable frequencies in “ab initio” pollen cultures raised from cold treated anthers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01279858
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