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  • 1979  (996)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Vibrational Spectra of Solid, Liquid, and Soluted Metal Polysulphides. II Polysulphides Rb2Sn (n ≥ 4) and Na2S4All compounds have been prepared from the elements in liquid ammonia. Whereas Rb2S4 has no defined composition, the vibrational spectra of Cs2S4 and their structure similar to Na2S4 indicate that Cs2S4 is a well-defined compound in contrast to former suggestions. Rb2S5 and Cs2S6 are the members with the greatest chainlength of their homologe series.While Na2S4 still exists of S42- chains in the melt the other polysulhpides disproportionate to S3- radicals and probably monosulphide. In the melt of Cs2S6, quenched to room temperature, a double branched chain structure, the thio-analogue of dithionite, S2S42-, is suggested. All polysulphides have a mean valence frequency, which is independent of the cation and decreases with increasing chainlength.
    Notes: Alle Verbindungen wurden aus den Elementen im flüssigen Ammoniak dargestellt. Während Rb2S4 keine definierte Zusammensetzung aufweist, zeigen die Schwingungsspektren des Cs2S4 sowie deren ähnliche Struktur mit dem Na2S4, daß Cs2S4 entgegen früheren Annahmen als eigenständige Verbindung auftritt. Rb2S5 und Cs2S6 sind die langkettigsten Glieder ihrer homologen Reihe. Während Na2S4 auch in der Schmelze noch aus S42--Ketten besteht, findet für die anderen Polysulfide eine Disproportionierung in S3--Radikale und wahrscheinlich Monosulfid statt. In der auf Zimmertemperatur abgeschreckten Schmelze des Cs2S6 wird eine zweifach verzweigte Kettenstruktur, ein Thioanaloges des Dithionits, S2S42-, angenommen. Bei allen Polysulfiden gibt es eine mittlere Valenzfrequenz, die unabhängig vom Kation mit steigender Kettenlänge absinkt.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 454 (1979), S. 134-144 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cobalt(II) Hydrogenarsenate Monohydrate. Preparation and Crystal StructureCo[H2O|HOAsO3] was prepared by heating of As2O5, CoSO4 · 7 H2O and H2O at 150°C in a sealed tube and investigated by X-rays. The compound crystallizes triclinic, space group P¯1 with a = 786.5, b = 1569.9, c = 671.9 pm, α = 94.25, β = 96.89, γ = 90.28° and Z = 8.The structure contains chains of edge-shared CoO6 octahedra connected by AsO4 tetrahedra forming sheets. Two of such somewhat different sheets built up the whole structure. Based on the charge balance derived from the geometrical data and the IR spectra the occurrence of hydrogen bridges is discussed.
    Notes: Co[H2O|HOAsO3] wurde durch Erhitzen von As2O5, CoSO4 · 7 H2O und H2O auf 150°C im Autoklaven dargestellt und röntgenographisch untersucht. Die Verbindung kristallisiert triklin, Raumgruppe P¯1 mit a = 786,5, b = 1569,9, c = 671,9 pm, α = 94,25, β = 96,89, γ = 90,28° und Z = 8. Die Struktur enthält Ketten aus kantenverknüpften CoO6-Oktaedern, welche über AsO4-Tetraeder zu Schichten verknüpft sind. Zwei solche etwas verschiedenartige Schichten bilden die Gesamtstruktur. Anhand der aus den geometrischen Daten berechneten Ladungsbilanz und der IR-Spektren wird das Auftreten von Wasserstoffbrücken diskutiert.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 678-688 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Carbon-Labelling Studies on the α-Oxocarbene-Oxirene IsomerizationThe photochemical Wolff rearrangement of α-diazoketones (1a - g, 3e - g), labelled with 13C or 12C, in dioxane/water yields carboxylic acids containing the label in the carboxy group and the adjacent carbon atom. This proves that the α-oxocarbenes, formed by photolytic elimination of nitrogen, undergo a carbene-carbene rearrangement via oxygen shift (4 ⇌ 5 ⇌ 6). in some cases to an extent of more than 60%, the degree depending upon the substituents and the irradiation wave-length.  -  For examination of the reaction model (scheme 1), both entry pathways (1 → 4, 3 → 6) to the carbene-oxirene-carbene equilibrium are realized by photolysis of the isomeric labelled α-diazoketones le, f, g / 3e, f, g. An alternative mechanism, whereby the scrambling of the carbon label takes place at the ketene stage, can be excluded.
    Notes: Die photochemische Wolff-Umlagerung der 13C- bzw. l2C-markierten α-Diazoketone (1a-g. 3e-g) in Dioxan/Wasser (13:2) führt zu Carbonsäuren, in denen die Markierung in die Carboxygruppe und das benachbarte Kohlenstoff-Atom eingeht. Dadurch wird belegt, Daß die durch photolytische N2-Eliminierung gebildeten α-Oxocarbene einer Carben-Carben-Umlagerung durch Sauerstoff-Verschiebung unterliegen (4 ⇌ 5 ⇌ 6), die je nach Substituenten und Wellenlänge des Lichtes mehr als 60% ausmachen kann.  -  Zur Untersuchung des Reaktionsmodells (Schema 1) werden beide Zugänge (1 → 4 und 3 → 6) zum Carben-Oxiren-Carben-Gleichgewicht durch Photolyse isomerer, markierter α-Diazoketone (1 e, f, g/3e, f, g) beschritten. Ein alternativer Mechanismus, der die Isotopenverteilung auf der Ketenstufe vorsieht. kann ausgeschlossen werden.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metabolic Products of Microorganism, 172. Isolation of the Antibiotic semi-Vioxanthin from Penicillium citreo-viride and Synthesis of XanthomegninBesides xanthomegnin (16 b), 3,4-dehydroxanthomegnin (29a), viomellein (23) and vioxanthin (3) from Penicillium citreo-viride under different culture conditions semi-vioxanthin (7) was isolated. Structure 7 has been established by its spectra and the fact that oxidation with Fremy's salt gives 3,4,6,9-tetrahydro-10-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-1,6,9-trioxo-1H-naphtho[2,3-c]pyran (9a = semi-xanthomegnin). -9c, prepared by demethylation of 9a, was dimerized by potassium peroxydisulfate/sodium hydroxide and methylated, giving 16b. Synthetic 16b and authentic xanthomegnin were identical, which verifies the structure revised by Höfle and Röser9) and shows, that the dyes of the xanthomegnin series are biogenetically homogenous. - The metabolic products of the strain inhibit the growth of bacteria. 16b and 26 furthermore have an effect against insects.
    Notes: Neben Xanthomegnin (16b), 3,4-Dehydroxanthomegnin (29 a), Viomellein (23) und Vioxanthin (3) wurde aus Penicillium citreo-viride unter veränderten Kulturbedingungen semi-Vioxanthin (7) isoliert. Konstitution 7 folgt aus den Spektren und dem Befund, daß mit Fremy-Salz 3,4,6,9-Tetrahydro-10-hydroxy-7-methoxy-3-methyl-1,6,9-trioxo-1H-naphtho[2.3-c]pyran (9a = semi-Xanthomegnin) entsteht. - Das durch Entmethylierung von 9a zugängliche 9c ließ sich mit Kaliumpersulfat/Natriumhydroxid zu 16a dimerisieren, das zu 16b methyliert wurde. Synthetisches 16b war mit nativem Xanthomegnin identisch, was die von Höfle und Röser9) revidierte Konstitution bestätigt und beweist, daß die Farbstoffe der Xanthomegnin-Reihe biogenetisch einheitlich sind. - Die Stoffwechselprodukte des Stammes hemmen das Wachstum von Bakterien, 16b und 23 wirken ferner gegen Insekten.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 448 (1979), S. 5-10 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Thiazylhalides. 8. A New Type of Thiazylhalides as an Intermediate of the Halogenation of Sulfur TetranitrideThe preparation of new thiazylhalides of the formula N4S4X2 (X = F, Cl) is reported in this paper. The chloride is a product of the chlorination of sulfur tetranitride, the fluoride was prepared by the reaction of N4S4Cl2 with sodium fluoride. The compounds were characterized by i.r., Raman, and mass spectra. Both tetrathiazyldihalides represent primary intermediates of the fluorination and chlorination of S4N4. The different results of both reactions are explained by differences in the chemical behaviour of the dihalides.
    Notes: Es wird über die Darstellung neuer Thiazylhalogenide der Zusammensetzung N4S4X2 (X = F, Cl) berichtet. Das Chlorid wurde bei der Chlorierung des Schwefeltetranitrides unter geeigneten Bedingungen gewonnen. Das Fluorid wurde aus dem Chlorid durch die Reaktion mit NaF dargestellt. Die Verbindungen wurden auf Grund von IR-, Raman- und Massenspektren charakterisiert. Beide Tetrathiazyldihalogenide stellen primäre Zwischenprodukte bei der Halogenierung von S4N4 dar. Der Unterschied in der Endstufe der Fluorierung und Chlorierung wird durch Unterschiede im chemischen Verhalten der Dihalogenide erklärt.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1979-01-19
    Description: Immunoreactive beta-endorphin was measured in the ventricular fluid of six patients with chronic pain. Stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter in three patients with pain of peripheral origin resulted in significant increases (50 to 300 percent) in the concentration of ventricular immunoreactive beta-endorphin. In three other patients suffering deafferentation dysesthesia, stimulation of the posterior limb of the internal capsule did not alter the concentration of this peptide. These results provide evidence of the release of human immunoreactive beta-endorphin in vivo and suggest that naloxone-reversible pain relief achieved by stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter may be in part mediated by the activation of beta-endorphin-rich diencephalic areas.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hosobuchi, Y -- Rossier, J -- Bloom, F E -- Guillemin, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Jan 19;203(4377):279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/83674" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Brain/*physiology ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Electric Stimulation ; Endorphins/*cerebrospinal fluid/immunology ; Enkephalins/cerebrospinal fluid ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palliative Care/methods ; Radioimmunoassay
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1979-10-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brackbill, Y -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1979 Oct 26;206(4417):404-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/504983" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Induced ; Disclosure ; *Ethics, Medical ; Female ; Fetus/*physiology ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Pregnancy ; *Risk Assessment
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 2854-2865 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Enzyme-analogue Built Polymers, X. On the Synthesis of Monomers Capable for the Introduction of Amino Groups into Polymers in a Defined DistanceAs starting materials for the introduction of two amino groups into cross-linked polymers in a defined distance a number of bifunctional monomers were prepared. As templates dicarboxylic acids and especially dialdehydes with different distances of the functional groups were used. To these by amide bonds or azomethine bonds were bound each two polymerizable amines. The newly prepared dialdehydes 4,4′-methylenebis(biphenyl)-4′,4‴-dicarbaldehyde (13b), 2,2′-dinitro-4,4′-biphenyldicarbaldehyde (14), and 2,2′,2″-trinitro-p-terphenyl 4,4″-dicarbaldehyde (15) were particularly suited als templates. A total of 16 new bis(azomethines)(3,4,11,16-19) were prepared, with which it is possible to introduce two amino groups into a polymer with distances between 0.72 and 1.72 nm from each other.
    Notes: Als Ausgangssubstanzen zur Einführung von zwei Aminogruppen in vernetzte Polymere in definiertem Abstand wurden eine Reihe von bifunktionellen Monomeren hergestellt. Als Matrize dienten Dicarbonsäuren und vor allem Dialdehyde mit unterschiedlichem Abstand der funktionellen Gruppen, an die über Amid- bzw. Azomethinbindungen je zwei polymerisierbare Amine geknüpft wurden. Die neu hergestellten Dialdehyde 4,4″-Methylenbis(biphenyl)-4′,4‴-dicarbaldehyd (13b), 2,2′-Dinitro-4,4′-biphenyldicarbaldehyd (14) und 2,2′,2″-Trinitro-p-terphenyl-4,4″-dicarbaldehyd (15) waren besonders gut als Matrize geeignet. Insgesamt wurden 16 neue Bis(azomethine) (3, 4, 11, 16-19) dargestellt, mit denen sich zwei Aminogruppen in Abständen zwischen 0.72 und 1.72 nm voneinander in Polymere einführen lassen.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 112 (1979), S. 2847-2853 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Research on Glycoside Synthesis, IX. On The Synthesis of β-D-MannopyranosidesThe not easily accessible β-l,2-cis-glycosides, e.g. β-D-mannosides, can be prepared in good yields by the reaction with inversion at C-1 of an alcohol with 1 α-glycosyl halides having a nonparticipating substituent at C-2. So, from the newly prepared 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-α-D-mannopyranosyl bromide (7b) in diethyl ether in the presence of silver salicylate, e. g. with cholesterol the β-D-mannoside 11a is obtained. For disaccharide synthesis the method can be used, too. Derivatives of the β-1→6 linked mannosyl-glucose (llc, e, f) were prepared. The same mannosyl bromide 7 b under different reaction conditions (in tetrahydrofuran with 2,6-lutidine) with cholesterol yields nearly exclusively the α-D-mannopyranoside 12a.
    Notes: Die schwierig darstellbaren β-l,2-cisGlycoside, z. B. β-D-Mannoside, lassen sich in guten Ausbeuten durch Reaktion von Alkoholen unter Inversion an C-l mit solchen 1 α-Halogenzuckern erhalten, die keinen zur Nachbargruppenbeteiligung befähigten Substituenten an C-2 tragen. So erhält man aus dem erstmalig beschriebenen 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-α-D-mannopyranosylbromid (7b) in Diethylether in Gegenwart von Silbersalicylat z. B. mit Cholesterin das β-D-Mannosid 11a. Auch zur Disaccharidsynthese läßt sich das Verfahren einsetzen. Es wurden Derivate der β-1→6-verknüpften Mannosylglucose (11c, e, f) dargestellt. Die gleiche Halogenose 7b ergibt unter veränderten Reaktionsbedingungen (in Tetrahydrofuran mit 2,6-Lutidin) mit Cholesterin fast ausschließlich α-D-Mannosid 12a.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 457 (1979), S. 214-218 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of 2- or 3-substituted Alkanediphosphonic AcidsSyntheses of substances of the general formula RCX(PO3H2)2 X = OH, H, Cl, NH2 have been known for a long time. The preparative possibilities for the synthesis of alkanediphosphonic acids containing an amino group or a chlorine atom in the 2- or 3-position were limited, only 2 substances from this class of compounds being known. Further examples of this class of substances have been synthesized.
    Notes: Synthesen von Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel RCX(PO3H2)2 X = OH, H, Cl, NH2 sind seit langem bekannt. Begrenzt sind die Herstellungsmöglichkeiten von in 2- oder 3-Stellung Aminogruppen- bzw. Chlor-enthaltenden Alkandiphosphonsäuren, so daß bisher erst zwei Vertreter dieser Körperklasse beschrieben wurden. Es gelang, eine Reihe weiterer Verbindungen dieser Struktur zu synthetisieren.
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