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  • Adult  (37)
  • Time Factors  (32)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (66)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • 1975-1979  (66)
  • 1978  (66)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (66)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
Years
  • 1975-1979  (66)
Year
  • 1
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    Reversible cerebral atrophy in recently abstinent chronic alcoholics measured by computed tomography scans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-02
    Description: Eight chronic alcoholics received repeated computed tomography scans. Four, who maintained abstinence and functionally improved, showed partially reversible cerebral atrophy. Two nonabstinent patients and two abstinent patients who had completed functional improvement before the first scan showed no change in atrophy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlen, P L -- Wortzman, G -- Holgate, R C -- Wilkinson, D A -- Rankin, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 2;200(4345):1076-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653357" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Aged ; Alcoholism/*pathology/radiography/therapy ; Atrophy ; Brain/*pathology/radiography ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Cellular analysis of long-term habituation of the gill-withdrawal reflex of Aplysia californica (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: Long-term habituation training in Aplysia californica produces a profound depression in the efficacy of synaptic transmission between mechanoreceptor neurons and gill motor neurons. This depression persists for more than 3 weeks. Thus a critical synaptic site for plasticity underlying long-term habituation is the same as that for short-term habituation. For this simple form of learning, short- and long-term memory share a common locus and aspects of a common mechanism: synaptic depression.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Castellucci, V F -- Carew, T J -- Kandel, E R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1306-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/214854" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Aplysia ; Gills/physiology ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic/*physiology ; Mechanoreceptors/physiology ; Memory/*physiology ; Memory, Short-Term/physiology ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; *Reflex, Monosynaptic ; Retention (Psychology)/physiology ; Synaptic Membranes/physiology ; Synaptic Transmission ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Delayed hypersensitivity in man: effects of systemic anticoagulation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: Skin test reactivity, lymphocyte transformation, and mononuclear cell tissue factor generation were evaluated both before and during systemic anticoagulation in 24 volunteers. Anticoagulation with warfarin decreased skin test induration and tissue factor generation, but lymphocyte trnasformation remained unchanged. An intact coagulation mechanism, including tissue factor generation, appears to be important for the development of skin test induration in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Edwards, R L -- Rickles, F R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):541-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644314" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Antigens ; Fibrin/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed/*physiopathology ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Mitogens ; Skin Tests ; Thromboplastin/*biosynthesis ; Tuberculin ; Warfarin/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Saturnine gout: lead-induced formation of guanine crystals (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Intravenous injection of a sublethal dose of lead acetate into a domestic pig resulted in a 4.5-fold increase of guanine in the urine, indicating an impairment in the conversion of guanine to xanthine. This impairment is probably due to the inhibition of guanine aminohydrolase (guanase), since the activity of this enzyme is inhibited by Pb2+ (the inhibition constant being 3.0 X 10(-6)M). Postmortem histological examination revealed concretions of crystalline material in the epiphyseal plate of the femoral head. Extraction of the section containing the concretions showed that they were guanine. The relation of these findings to saturnine gout is discussed.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Farkas, W R -- Stanawitz, T -- Schneider, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):786-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622568" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; Femur Head/pathology ; Gout/chemically induced/*metabolism/pathology ; Guanine/*biosynthesis/urine ; Lead/*adverse effects ; Swine ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Thermoregulation is impaired in an environment without circadian time cues (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-17
    Description: Squirrel monkeys synchronized to a 24-hour light-dark cycle show a prominent circadian rhythm in body temperature which is regulated against mild environmental cold exposures throughout the 24-hour day. However, cold exposures produce significant decreases in core body temperature when the circadian rhythms of the animal are free-running in the absence of environmental time cues. Effective thermoregulation appears to require the precise internal synchronization of the circadian timekeeping system.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fuller, C A -- Sulzman, F M -- Moore-Ede, M C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 17;199(4330):794-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/414356" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Body Temperature Regulation ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Cold Temperature ; Cues ; *Environment ; Environmental Exposure ; Haplorhini ; Homeostasis ; Male ; Saimiri ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Pupillometric signs of brain activation vary with level of cognitive processing (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: The idea that hierarchically higher brain processes require greater amounts of central nervous system vigilance or activation for their execution was tested in two experiments measuring pupillary dilation during the decision interval of a hierarchically structured letter-matching task. Larger dilations indicative of increased activation were observed for letter pairs requiring higher levels of processing.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Beatty, J -- Wagoner, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1216-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628837" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Brain/*physiology ; Brain Stem/physiology ; Cognition/*physiology ; Decision Making/physiology ; Humans ; Information Theory ; Pupil/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Lymphocyte function of Michigan dairy farmers exposed to polybrominated biphenyls (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: Michigan dairy farm residents ate farm products containing polybrominated biphenyls (PBB's) after the accidential contamination of animal feed with the chemical in that state in 1973. The circulating blood lymphocytes of these residents show significant changes. Abnormalities include decreases in the numbers and percentages of peripheral blood lymphocytes that form rosettes with either sheep erythrocytes alone or with sheep erythrocytes sensitized with antibody and complement, increases in lymphocytes with no detectable surface markers ("null" cells), and altered responses to tests designed to evaluate functional integrity of the cells. There appears to be no consistent correlation between the concentration of PBB's in the plasma and the altered lymphocytes. Studies showed that in Wisconsin dairy farm residents and healthy individuals in the New York area who were not exposed to PBB's there were no such abnormalities.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bekesi, J G -- Holland, J F -- Anderson, H A -- Fischbein, A S -- Rom, W -- Wolff, M S -- Selikoff, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1207-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204005" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Biphenyl Compounds/*pharmacology ; Complement System Proteins/metabolism ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Lectins ; Lymphocyte Activation/*drug effects ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Michigan ; Monocytes/physiology ; Polybrominated Biphenyls/blood/*pharmacology ; Rosette Formation ; Rural Health ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Risk factor intervention for health maintenance (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Risk factors for disease consist of (i) personal habits, such as cigarette smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and (ii) bodily characteristics, such as hypertension and high serum cholesterol. Progress in identifying and quantifying risk factors is opening the way to the prevention of disease and maintenance of health. Systematic, controlled trials of intervention against risk factors are beginning to produce evidence on the extent of success in reducing both the factors and the mortality from associated diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):908-12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644333" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Arteriosclerosis/etiology ; Coronary Disease/etiology/*prevention & control ; Disease/*etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia/complications ; Hypertension/complications ; Lung Neoplasms/etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Preventive Medicine ; *Probability ; *Risk ; Smoking/complications
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 9
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    Postpartum amenorrhea: how is it affected by maternal nutritional status? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: The average length of postpartum amenorrhea reported by breast-feeding women in rural Bangladesh in 1975 was 18 to 20 months. Its duration was found to be only slightly related to maternal nutritional status. There was no evidence of a threshold of weight for height necessary for the resumption of menses postpartum. Factors related to the duration of postpartum amenorrhea were maternal age, socioeconomic status, and supplemental feeding of the infant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huffman, S L -- Chowdhury, A K -- Mosley, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1155-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*etiology ; Body Water/metabolism ; Body Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Lactation ; Maternal Age ; Menstruation ; Nutrition Disorders/metabolism ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Rebound insomnia: a new clinical syndrome (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: Rebound insomnia followed the withdrawal of three benzodiazepine hypnotic drugs, each of which had been administered in a single nightly dose for only short-term periods. The intense worsening of sleep is attributed to the short duration of the action of these drugs. A hypothesis involving benzodiazepine receptors in the brain is proposed in which there is a delay or lag in replacement of endogenous benzodiazepine-like molecules after the abrupt withdrawal of exogenous drugs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kales, A -- Scharf, M B -- Kales, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1039-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684426" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Benzodiazepines/*adverse effects/metabolism ; Brain/metabolism ; Flunitrazepam/adverse effects/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/*adverse effects/metabolism ; Nitrazepam/adverse effects/metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/drug effects/metabolism ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/*etiology/metabolism ; *Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/metabolism ; Syndrome ; Time Factors ; Triazolam/adverse effects/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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