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  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug  (28)
  • Pregnancy  (19)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (46)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • 1975-1979  (46)
  • 1978  (46)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (46)
  • American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • Springer  (1)
Years
  • 1975-1979  (46)
Year
  • 1
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    Sex pheromone of the tsetse fly: isolation, identification, and synthesis of contact aphrodisiacs (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-25
    Description: Sex pheromones isolated from the cuticle of the female tsetse fly, Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood, release mating behavior in the male fly at ultrashort range or upon contact with baited decoys. Three active components were identified as 15,19-dimethylheptatriacontane, 17,21-dimethylheptatriacontane, and 15,19,23-trimethylheptatriacontane. Chemical and biological comparisons show that the natural and synthetic compounds are identical.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carlson, D A -- Langley, P A -- Huyton, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 25;201(4357):750-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/675256" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Male ; Pheromones/*isolation & purification ; Sex Attractants/chemical synthesis/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Tsetse Flies/*analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Sulfhydryl groups and the monodeiodination of thyroxine to triiodothyronine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: Sulfhydryl reagents exert a profound influence on the monodeiodination of thyroxine to triiodothyronine by rat and sheep tissues in vitro. A marked dithiothreitol-induced increase in the monodeiodination by fetal sheep liver homogenates suggests that the characteristically low conversion in fetal tissues is related more to the status of sulfhydryl groups than to a deficiency of the monodeiodinating enzyme.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chopra, I J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):904-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dithiothreitol/pharmacology ; Female ; Fetus/*metabolism ; Liver/embryology/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Sheep ; Sulfhydryl Compounds/*metabolism ; Sulfhydryl Reagents/pharmacology ; Thyroxine/*metabolism ; Triiodothyronine/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Dieldrin-induced mortality in an endangered species, the gray bat (Myotis grisescens) (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Brains of juvenile gray bats, Myotis grisescens, found dead beneath maternity roosts in two Missouri caves contained lethal concentrations of dieldrin. One colony appeared to be abnormally small, and more dead bats were found a year after the juvenile bats had been collected. This is the first report to link the field mortality of bats directly to insecticide residues acquired through the food chain.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Clark, D R Jr -- LaVal, R K -- Swineford, D M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1357-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/564550" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aldrin/adverse effects ; Animals ; Body Weight ; Brain Chemistry ; *Chiroptera ; Dieldrin/*adverse effects/analysis ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Lactation ; Male ; Missouri ; Pesticide Residues ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate: a central nervous system regulator of analgesia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-20
    Description: The dibutyryl derivative of guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic GMP), administered centrally, totally abolishes response to noxious stimuli without depressing the central nervous system. Analgesic properties of the nucleotide are not reversed by naloxone. Microinjected intracerebrally into different sites, dibutyryl cyclic GMP does not mimic the action of morphine. Pharmacological effects of dibutyryl cyclic GMP suggest that endogenous cyclic GMP modulates an inhibitory pain pathway distinct from that on which morphine acts.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohn, M L -- Cohn, M -- Taylor, P H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 20;199(4326):319-22.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/202029" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesia ; Brain/*drug effects ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Cyclic GMP/*analogs & derivatives ; Dibutyryl Cyclic GMP/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Hot Temperature ; Morphine/pharmacology ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Pain/*prevention & control ; Reticular Formation/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Hepatitis B virus and sex ratio of offspring (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drew, J S -- London, W T -- Lustbader, E D -- Hesser, J E -- Blumberg, B S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 25;201(4357):687-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/566954" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Birth Order ; Cross Reactions ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Graft Survival ; Hepatitis B/immunology/*physiopathology/transmission ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Sex Factors ; *Sex Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Dual actions of substance P on nociception: possible role of endogenous opioids (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-24
    Description: Substance P produces analgesia when administered to mice in very small doses by the intraventricular route (1.25 to 5 nanograms per mouse). The analgesic effect can be blocked by naloxone. At higher doses (greater than 50 nanograms per mouse), this activity is lost. At these higher doses, however, substance P produced hyperalgesia when combined with naloxone and analgesia when combined with baclofen [beta-(4-chlorophenyl)-gamma-aminobutyric acid]. Substance P may have dual actions in brain, releasing endorphins at very low doses and directly exciting neuronal activity in nociceptive pathways at higher doses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frederickson, R C -- Burgis, V -- Harrell, C E -- Edwards, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 24;199(4335):1359-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Baclofen/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Mice ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Nociceptors/*drug effects ; Receptors, Opioid/*drug effects ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Substance P/analogs & derivatives/antagonists & inhibitors/*pharmacology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Estrogen formation in the early rabbit embryo (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: Androgen formation (3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity) was detectable in the rabbit blastocyst on day 5 of gestation (before implantation); estrogen formation was first detectable on day 7. The capacity to form estrogen on the day of implantation suggests that estrogen formation in the blastocyst may play a role in the implantation process.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉George, F W -- Wilson, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):200-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/579477" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/*metabolism ; Androgens/biosynthesis ; Animals ; Blastocyst/*metabolism ; *Embryo Implantation ; Embryonic Development ; Estradiol/*biosynthesis ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Pregnancy ; Rabbits
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
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    Diazepam inhibits myoblast fusion and expression of muscle specific protein synthesis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: The presence of diazepam in culutres of chicken embryo myoblasts arrests normal muscle cell differentiation. High concentrations of the drug reversibly prevent myoblasts from fusing to form multinucleated myotubes. Lower concentrations of diazepam allow cell fusion to occur, but inhibit the synthesis and accumulation of myosin heavy chain, implying that cell fusion does not obligate myoblasts to synthesize and accumulate large quantities of muscle specific protein. The effect of diazepam on muscle cells in culture is direct and specific.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bandman, E -- Walker, C R -- Strohman, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):559-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/565534" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Fusion/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chick Embryo ; Diazepam/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Macromolecular Substances ; Muscles/cytology/*drug effects ; Myosins/*biosynthesis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 9
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    Hypophysial responses to continuous and intermittent delivery of hypopthalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: In rhesus monkeys with hypothalamic lesions that abolish gonadotropic hormone release by the pituitary gland, the constant infusion of exogenous gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) fails to restore sustained gonadotropin secretion. In marked contrast, intermittent administration of the synthetic decapeptide once per hour, the physiological frequency of gonadotropin release in the monkeys, reestablishes pituitary gonadotropin secretion. This phenomenon is attributable to the pattern of GnRH delivery rather than to the amounts of this hormone to which the cells of the pituitary are exposed. Moreover, the initiation of continuous GnRH administration in animals with lesions and in which gonadotropin secretion is reestablished by intermittent GnRH replacement can result in a "desensitization" or "down regulation" of the processes responsible for gonadotropin release.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Belchetz, P E -- Plant, T M -- Nakai, Y -- Keogh, E J -- Knobil, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):631-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/100883" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Castration ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/*secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Haplorhini ; Luteinizing Hormone/*secretion ; Macaca mulatta ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/*drug effects/secretion
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase is an adenosine-binding protein: a target for adenosine toxicity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: When adenosine deaminase activity is inhibited, low concentrations of adenosine are toxic to human lymphoblast mutants that are unable to convert adenosine to intracellular nucleotides. In order to identify the mediator of this cytotoxicity, we searched for a cytoplasmic protein capable of binding adenosine with high affinity. Such a protein was identified in extracts of human lymphoblasts and placenta as the enzyme S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hershfield, M S -- Krodich, N M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):757-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*metabolism ; Adenosine Deaminase/*deficiency ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Nucleoside Deaminases/*deficiency ; Placenta/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; S-Adenosylhomocysteine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 11
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    Enhanced dexamethasone resistance in cystic fibrosis cells: potential use for heterozygote detection and prenatal diagnosis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-14
    Description: Cultured skin fibroblasts from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are more resistant to dexamethasone toxicity than are normal cells. We now report that, when fibroblasts cultured from obligate CF heterozygotes are exposed to dexamethasone, they have an intermediate survival compared to normal and homozygous CF cells. When dexamethasone survival was tested on cells from four patients undergoing amniocentesis, cells from a woman at risk of producing a child with CF showed significant dexamethasone resistance, similar to that of fibroblasts derived from lnown CF homozygotes; the other amniotic cell specimens showed dexamethasone sensitivity similar to that of normal skin fibroblasts. These data suggest that the dexamethasone resistance previously observed in skin fibroblasts may also be useful in the prenatal diagnosis of CF.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Breslow, J L -- Epstein, J -- Fontaine, J H -- Forbes, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 14;201(4351):180-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663650" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amniotic Fluid/cytology ; Cell Survival/drug effects ; Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis/genetics/*physiopathology ; Dexamethasone/*toxicity ; Drug Resistance ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Postpartum amenorrhea: how is it affected by maternal nutritional status? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: The average length of postpartum amenorrhea reported by breast-feeding women in rural Bangladesh in 1975 was 18 to 20 months. Its duration was found to be only slightly related to maternal nutritional status. There was no evidence of a threshold of weight for height necessary for the resumption of menses postpartum. Factors related to the duration of postpartum amenorrhea were maternal age, socioeconomic status, and supplemental feeding of the infant.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Huffman, S L -- Chowdhury, A K -- Mosley, W H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1155-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653359" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea/*etiology ; Body Water/metabolism ; Body Weight ; Female ; Humans ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Lactation ; Maternal Age ; Menstruation ; Nutrition Disorders/metabolism ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    Cocaine plasma concentration: relation to physiological and subjective effects in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: Volunteer subjects with previous histories of cocaine use were administered cocaine hydrochloride intravenously or intranasally. There was a positive relationship between peak plasma concentration, physiological and subjective responses, and dose administered. The rate of cocaine disappearance after intravenous administration paralleled the drop in physiological and subjective drug effects. After intranasal administration, blood levels remained elevated for a considerably longer period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Javaid, J I -- Fischman, M W -- Schuster, C R -- Dekirmenjian, H -- Davis, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):227-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Cocaine/administration & dosage/*blood/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Euphoria/*drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Clearance Rate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 14
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    Prenatal diagnosis of genetic disorders (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Sampling of amniotic fluid, visualization of the fetus, fetal blood sampling, and screening of maternal blood represent successive approaches to the diagnosis of specific genetic disorders in the second trimester of pregnancy. Clinical and ethical concerns about the appropriateness, safety, and efficacy of the techniques have led to multidisciplinary assessments at an early stage. A major growth in demand for medical and educational genetic services can be anticipated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Omenn, G S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):952-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/77042" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amniocentesis/adverse effects/methods ; Amniotic Fluid/analysis ; Chromosome Aberrations/diagnosis ; Chromosome Disorders ; Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis ; Female ; Fetal Blood/analysis ; Fetoscopy/methods ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/*diagnosis/therapy ; Humans ; Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis/*methods ; Ultrasonography ; alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
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  • 15
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    Memory impairment in epileptic patients: selective effects of phenobarbital concentration (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-08
    Description: Nineteen epileptic patients were tested first under medium (week 1) and then under high (week 2) therapeutic levels of phenobarbital. Relative to response times of 20 controls with equivalent practice but without medication, response times of patients in a short-term memory scanning task were strikingly slowed during week 2. However, increased phenobarbital did not slow responses in a task requiring access to information in long-term memory.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLeod, C M -- Dekabian, A S -- Hunt, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1102-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Epilepsy/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Memory, Short-Term/*drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Phenobarbital/adverse effects/*pharmacology
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  • 16
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    Specific-opiate-induced depression of transmitter release from dorsal root ganglion cells in culture (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: The opiate etorphine depresses monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSP's) elicited in spinal cord cells by activation of dorsal root ganglion cells in murine neuronal cell culture. The depression is reversed by naloxone. Statistical analysis of the synaptic responses reveals that the opiate reduces EPSP quantal content at this synapse without altering quantal size. Therefore, the opiate action is presynaptic and affects transmitter release rather than postsynaptic responsiveness.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Macdonald, R L -- Nelson, P G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1449-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204015" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cells, Cultured ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Etorphine/*pharmacology ; Ganglia, Spinal/*drug effects ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Morphinans/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Nerve Endings/drug effects ; Spinal Cord/drug effects ; Synapses/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects
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  • 17
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    Zinc deficiency in murine milk underlies expression of the lethal milk (lm) mutation (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: The inability of nursing pups to survive on milk of mice homozygous for the recessive mutation, lethal milk (lm), is correlated with a reduction in zinc levels of both milk and pup carcass. Administration of zinc to pups nursing on lmlm dams reduces the observed mortality and morbidity. It is suggested that lm alters zinc transport from maternal blood to milk and that its study may provide useful information for understanding the rare human disease, acrodermatitis enteropathica.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Piletz, J E -- Ganschow, R E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):181-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619449" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Female ; *Lactation ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL/*genetics ; Milk/*metabolism ; Pregnancy ; Zinc/blood/*deficiency/metabolism
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    EPA smog standard attacked by industry, science advisers (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marshall, E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 1;202(4371):949-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715452" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure ; Government Agencies ; Humans ; Industry ; Ozone/toxicity ; United States
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  • 19
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    Estrogens: hormones' link to cancer disputed (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1270-1.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/725601" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Estrogens/*adverse effects ; Female ; Hemorrhage/etiology ; Humans ; Risk ; Uterine Diseases/etiology ; Uterine Neoplasms/diagnosis/*etiology
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  • 20
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    Restriction enzymes: prenatal diagnosis of genetic disease (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Marx, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1068-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715458" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*diagnosis/genetics ; DNA Restriction Enzymes/*metabolism ; Female ; Globins/genetics ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis/*methods ; Thalassemia/*diagnosis
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  • 21
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    Attenuation of amnesia in rats by systemically administered enkephalins (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: The pentapeptides methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin are both able to reduce experimentally induced amnesia in rats. In contrast to the possible analgesic activity of these peptides, the anti-amnesic effect is seen after systemic administration of dosages of 30 micrograms or lower. The nature of the anti-amnesic effect is different for the two peptides.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rigter, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):83-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635578" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Avoidance Learning/*drug effects ; Carbon Dioxide/antagonists & inhibitors ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endorphins/*pharmacology ; Enkephalins/*pharmacology ; Male ; Memory/*drug effects ; Rats ; Time Factors
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  • 22
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    Is pump stimulation associated with positive inotropy of the heart? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: A purified sodium and potassium dependent adenosinetriphosphatase isolated from cat heart was not stimulated by any concentration of ouabain that produced positive inotropy of cat papilliary muscle. Only inhibition of enzyme activity was observed. Concentrations of ouabain used ranged from 3.3 x 10(-10) molar to 5 x 10(-7) molar and produced an increased force of contraction without any evidence of toxicity. The results are inconsistent with a concept that stimulation of sodium pump activity is associated with positive inotropy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michael, L -- Pitts, B J -- Schwartz, A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1287-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/149369" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphatases/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Animals ; Biological Transport, Active/drug effects ; Cats ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; In Vitro Techniques ; Myocardial Contraction/*drug effects ; Myocardium/*enzymology ; Ouabain/*pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism
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  • 23
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    delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol: antiaggressive effects in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-31
    Description: delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, the most active constituent of marihuana, decreased species-specific attack behavior in mice, rats, and squirrel monkeys at doses (0.25 to 2.0 milligram per kilogram of body weight) that have no effects on other elements of the behavioral repertoire. Aggressive behavior was engendered in all three species by confronting a resident animal with an intruder conspecific. The present results contrast with the widely held belief that marihuana increases aggressive behavior.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miczek, K A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 31;199(4336):1459-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*drug effects ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dronabinol/*pharmacology ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Rats ; Saimiri ; Territoriality
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  • 24
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    Effects of naloxone on schizophrenia: reduction in hallucinations in a subpopulation of subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: Endogenous opiate-like peptides (endorphins) are putative neuroregulators located throughout the mammalian brainstem. There is some evidence for their role in pain, stress, and affect. We report that the opiate antagonist, naloxone, alters some schizophrenic symptoms. In a double-blind, cross-over study, naloxone produced decreases in auditory hallucinations in some schizophrenic patients. This finding supports the hypothesis that the endorphins may play a roll in modulating hallucinations in a highly selected subgroup of chronically hallucinating schizophrenic patients.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watson, S J -- Berger, P A -- Akil, H -- Mills, M J -- Barchas, J D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):73-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/351804" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Endorphins/physiology ; Hallucinations/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Naloxone/administration & dosage/*therapeutic use ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy/physiopathology ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/drug therapy ; Time Factors
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  • 25
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    Opiate receptors for behavioral analgesia resemble those related to the depression of spinal nociceptive neurons (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: With naloxone as antagonist, a dose-ratio analysis of the depression by morphine of nociceptive neurons in the spinal cord reveals that this opiate depression of single unit activity has the same pharmacological properties as observed with morphine analgesia. This suggests that the opiate receptor, mediating the observed cellular depression, and those mediating analgesia are presumably the same.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yaksh, T L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1231-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204008" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials/drug effects ; Animals ; Cats ; Decerebrate State ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Morphine/*pharmacology ; Naloxone/*pharmacology ; Nerve Fibers/physiology ; Nociceptors/*drug effects/physiology ; Receptors, Opioid/*physiology ; Spinal Cord/physiology
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  • 26
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    The problem of defensive medicine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: Defensive medicine--the use of diagnostic and end-treatment measures explicitly for the purposes of averting malpractice suits--is frequently cited as one of the least desirable effects of the current rise in medical litigation. Many physicians and policy-makers claim that defensive medicine is responsible not only for the increasing costs of health care but the exposing of patients to significant risks of harm from unnecessary procedures. Very little solid information is available about defensive medicine. The studies that have been conducted have been fraught with statistical difficulties and are by no means definitive. Even more important than the issue of defensive medicine is the more basic problem of our system of compensation for medical injuries.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tancredi, L R -- Barondess, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):879-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Cesarean Section/utilization ; Child ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Craniocerebral Trauma/radiography ; *Defensive Medicine/economics ; Female ; Fetal Monitoring/utilization ; Humans ; *Malpractice/economics ; Physician-Patient Relations ; Pregnancy ; Quality of Health Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States
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  • 27
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    Brain edema: induction in cortical slices by polyunsaturated fatty acids (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-28
    Description: The presence of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids in leukocytic membranes prompted study of their possible role in the induction of brain edema. Polyunsaturated fatty acids including sodium arachidonate, sodium linoleate, sodium linolenate, and docasahexaenoic acids induced edma in slices of rat brain cortex. This cellular edema was specific, since neither saturated fatty acids nor a fatty acid containing a single double bond had such effect.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chan, P H -- Fishman, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 28;201(4353):358-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663662" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arachidonic Acids ; Brain Edema/*chemically induced ; Cerebral Cortex ; Detergents ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; *Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Granulocytes/physiology ; Hydroxy Acids ; In Vitro Techniques ; Prostaglandins ; Rats ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance/chemically induced
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  • 28
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    Ethanol: modifications of acute intoxication by divalent cations (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: Calcium, other divalent cations, and calcium antagonists were tested for their ability to alter ethanol-induced sleeping time, hypothermia, and behavioral intoxication in mice and rats. Calcium given intraventricularly significantly enhanced sleeping time and behavioral intoxication in a dose-related manner. The ionophores X537A and A23187 accentuated the effect of a low dose of calcium, whereas the calcium chelators EDTA and EGTA decreased sleeping time. Calcium also enhanced tertiary butanol- and chloral hydrate-induced sleeping time. The effects of cations on ethanol-induced hypothermia were less significant. The results suggest the existence of a central calcium pool that is involved in ethanol intoxication in rodents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Erickson, C K -- Tyler, T D -- Harris, R A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1219-21.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/343251" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcoholic Intoxication/*physiopathology ; Animals ; Body Temperature Regulation/drug effects ; Calcimycin/pharmacology ; Calcium/antagonists & inhibitors/*physiology ; Cations, Divalent ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Synergism ; Female ; Humans ; Lasalocid/pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Movement/drug effects ; Rats
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  • 29
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    Different brain areas mediate the analgesic and epileptic properties of enkephalin (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-21
    Description: Single injections of 120 micrograms of methionine-enkephalin were made into various midbrain and forebrain structures in the rat. Analgesia was observed after injections into or near the ventral, caudal midbrain periaqueductal gray matter. Seizures and other pathological electroencephalogram (EEG) changes were seen with injections into or near the forebrain dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus. No animals with midbrain injection sites showed EEG changes, and none with forebrain injection sites were analgesic. These data, taken together with other lines of evidence, suggest that enkephalin-induced analgesia and enkephalin-induced seizures are mediated by opiate receptors that are located in different brain areas and that are pharmacologically different.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Frenk, H -- McCarty, B C -- Liebeskind, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 21;200(4339):335-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204998" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Analgesia ; Animals ; Brain/*drug effects ; Cerebral Aqueduct ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; *Endorphins/pharmacology ; *Enkephalins/pharmacology ; Male ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Opioid/drug effects ; Seizures/*chemically induced ; Thalamic Nuclei/*drug effects
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  • 30
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    Prolactin synthesis by human chorion-decidual tissue: a possible source of prolactin in the amniotic fluid (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Explants of human chorion-decidual tissue obtained at delivery from normal, full-term pregnancies synthesize and secrete prolactin. This hormone is indistinguishable from pituitary prolactin by chromatographic, electrophoretic, immunologic, and receptor assay techniques. These results suggest that chorion-decidua may be the source of the large quantities of prolactin in amniotic fluid.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Golander, A -- Hurley, T -- Barrett, J -- Hizi, A -- Handwerger, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):311-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amnion/metabolism ; Amniotic Fluid/*metabolism ; Chorion/*metabolism ; Decidua/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Pregnancy ; Prolactin/*biosynthesis ; Trophoblasts/metabolism
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  • 31
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    Primate infant's effects on mother's future reproduction (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-15
    Description: Female savanna baboons (Papio cynocephalus) had a longer postpartum amenorrhea and thereafter cycled longer before conceiving if their previous infant survived than if that infant died. Among mothers of surviving infants, differences in maternal care produced differences in age of weaning and age of independence but did not result in differences in interbirth intervals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Altmann, J -- Altmann, S A -- Hausfater, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 15;201(4360):1028-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/98844" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amenorrhea ; Animals ; Female ; Haplorhini ; Maternal Behavior ; Papio/*physiology ; *Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy ; *Reproduction ; Time Factors ; Weaning
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  • 32
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    Kainic acid injections result in degeneration of cochlear nucleus cells innervated by the auditory nerve (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-08
    Description: When kainic acid, a putative neurotoxin for neurons with glutamatergic input, is injected into the brainstem, it produces a selective pattern of degeneration in the cochlear nucleus. The rate and extent of degeneration is correlated with the distribution of the primary auditory fibers. This evidence supports the hypothesis that glutamate is the neurotransmitter for primary auditory fibers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bird, S J -- Gulley, R L -- Wenthold, R J -- Fex, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 8;202(4372):1087-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31000" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Brain Stem/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glutamates/physiology ; Guinea Pigs ; Kainic Acid/*pharmacology ; Male ; Nerve Degeneration/drug effects ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Pyrrolidines/*pharmacology ; Receptors, Neurotransmitter/*drug effects ; Vestibulocochlear Nerve/*drug effects/physiology
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  • 33
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    Behavioral teratology: birth defects of the mind (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):732-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/568821" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anesthesia, Obstetrical/adverse effects ; Behavior/*drug effects ; Female ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones/adverse effects ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/chemically induced ; Male ; Mental Disorders/*chemically induced ; Narcotics ; Pregnancy ; Semen/metabolism ; Spermatozoa/drug effects ; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/etiology ; *Teratogens/metabolism
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  • 34
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    Cholecystokinin inhibits tail pinch-induced eating in rats (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-19
    Description: Peripheral administration of the COOH-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin in doses from 1 to 100 micrograms per kilogram of body weight (0.25 to 25.0 micrograms per rat) significantly antagonized tail pinch-induced eating in rats, an animal model for stress-induced human hyperphagia. Centrally administered cholecystokinin was effective only in high doses (3 micrograms into the cerebral ventricle). The finding that the minimal effective dose of cholecystokinin in suppressing stress-induced appetitive behavior is smaller after peripheral than central administration suggests that the peptide is acting on peripheral, as opposed to central nervous system, substrates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nemeroff, C B -- Osbahr, A J 3rd -- Bissette, G -- Jahnke, G -- Lipton, M A -- Prange, A J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):793-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/565535" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Bradykinin/pharmacology ; Cholecystokinin/administration & dosage/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Rats ; Stress, Psychological
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  • 35
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    Supplemental lighting stimulates growth and lactation in cattle (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: Sixteen hours of light daily (114 to 207 lux) increased weight gains and milk yield 10 to 15% in Holstein cattle in comparison with cattle exposed to natural-length photoperiods (39 to 93 lux) of 9 to 12 hours. The weight gain was accomplished without increased consumption of feed. Manipulation of supplemental light may thus cause dramatic increases in food supplies from animals.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Peters, R R -- Chapin, L T -- Leining, K B -- Tucker, H A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):911-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622576" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle/*growth & development ; Female ; *Lactation ; *Lighting ; Pregnancy ; Temperature ; Time Factors
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Striatal nondopaminergic neurons: possible involvement in feeding and drinking behavior (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: Intracaudate injections of kainic acid destroy striatal neurons containing acetylcholine and gamma-aminobutyric acid but leave dopaminergic nerve terminals in this brain region intact. Rats injected with the drug are aphagic and adipsic, and have other behavioral abnormalities strikingly similar to those seen in animals with lesions in the dopaminergic nigrostriatal bundle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pettibone, D J -- Kaufman, N -- Scally, M C -- Meyer, E Jr -- Ulus, I -- Lytle, L D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1175-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653362" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects ; Caudate Nucleus/*drug effects/physiology ; Choline O-Acetyltransferase/metabolism ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drinking Behavior/*drug effects ; Feeding Behavior/*drug effects ; Glutamate Decarboxylase/metabolism ; Kainic Acid/*pharmacology ; Male ; Posture ; Pyrrolidines/*pharmacology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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    Chemical carcinogens: how dangerous are low doses? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-06
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Maugh, T H 2nd -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 6;202(4363):37-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biotransformation ; *Carcinogens/metabolism/standards ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Inactivation, Metabolic ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Oxidation-Reduction
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 38
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    6-Mercaptopurine treatment of pregnant mice: effects on second and third generations (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: The immunosuppressive drug 6-mercaptopurine is embryotoxic in mice. Of the surviving female offspring of mice treated with low doses of 6-mercaptopurine during pregnancy, despite normal body weight and general appearance, many were either sterile or, if they became pregnant, had smaller litters and more dead fetuses as compared to offspring of mothers that had not received the drug.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Reimers, T J -- Sluss, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):65-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663638" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 6-Mercaptopurine/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Fetal Death/*chemically induced ; Fetus/drug effects ; Germ Cells/*drug effects ; Infertility, Female/*chemically induced ; Litter Size/drug effects ; Mice ; Ovary/cytology/drug effects/embryology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Animal/*drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 39
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    Schizophrenic symptoms improve with apomorphine (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: Eighteen chronic schizophrenic patients received subcutaneous doses of apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, and of placebo in separate trials. A significant improvement in psychotic symptoms occurred after apomorphine compared to placebo. The results are interpreted as a consequence of presynaptic dopamine receptor activation by apomorphine with a subsequent decrease in dopamine-mediated neural transmission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tamminga, C A -- Schaffer, M H -- Smith, R C -- Davis, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):567-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/347574" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Apomorphine/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Chronic Disease ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Endings/drug effects ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects ; Schizophrenia/*drug therapy
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 40
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    Tumor promoters inhibit morphological differentiation in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: When added to mouse neuroblastoma cultures, the potent tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) inhibits spontaneous neurite formation as well as that induced in response to serum deprivation, prostaglandin E1, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, and papaverine. Other tumor-promoting macrocyclic plant diterpenes also inhibit neurite formation, whereas nonpromoting diterpenes do not. Inhibition by TPA was reversible and was unrelated to toxicity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ishii, D N -- Fibach, E -- Yamasaki, H -- Weinstein, I B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):556-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644318" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Bromodeoxyuridine/antagonists & inhibitors ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Diterpenes/pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Neuroblastoma/pathology ; Neurons/*cytology ; Papaverine/antagonists & inhibitors ; Phorbols/*pharmacology ; Prostaglandins E/antagonists & inhibitors ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/*pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 41
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    Rifampicin inhibition of protein synthesis in mammalian cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Rifampicin produces a dose-dependent decrease in protein synthesis in rat thymocytes. At concentrations up to 200 micrograms per milliliter, rifampicin does not alter rat thymic transcription. Rifampicin causes a direct inhibition of protein synthesis in rat thymic and hepatic microsomes, and in cadaveric human hepatic microsomes. Protein synthesis inhibition could explain the toxicity of rifampicin in man.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Buss, W C -- Morgan, R -- Guttmann, J -- Barela, T -- Stalter, K -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):432-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644307" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Depression, Chemical ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Liver/*drug effects/metabolism ; Male ; Microsomes, Liver/drug effects/metabolism ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Rats ; Rifampin/*pharmacology ; Thymus Gland/*drug effects/metabolism
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  • 42
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    Nutrition, population, and health: some implications for policy (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Winikoff, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):895-902.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644332" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/physiology ; Birth Rate ; Breast Feeding ; Female ; Food Supply ; *Health ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Milk, Human ; Nutrition Disorders/mortality/physiopathology ; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; *Population Dynamics ; Pregnancy ; Public Policy
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 43
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    Synchronies in mental development: an epigenetic perspective (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-01
    Description: Early mental development is analyzed from an evolutionary viewpoint and related to the dynamic interplay of genetic programming, maturational status, and environmental influence. Data are reported from a large sample of twins and siblings who have been tested longitudinally from 3 months to 6 years of age. Monozygotic twins became increasingly concordant with age and also paralleled each other for the spurts and lags in development. Dizygotic twins became less concordant with age and eventually matched their singleton siblings as closely as one another. The overall results suggested that the course of mental development is guided by the intrinsic scheduling of the genetic program acting in concert with maturational status and environmental influence.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wilson, R S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 1;202(4371):939-48.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/568822" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Behavior/physiology ; *Biological Evolution ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Environment ; Female ; Genes ; *Growth ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intelligence ; Mental Processes/*physiology ; Pregnancy ; *Twins
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  • 44
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    Saccharin-induced sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster and human cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-05
    Description: Since the induction of sister chromatid exchanges in cultured cells has been shown to be the most sensitive mammalian system to detect the effects of mutagenic carcinogens, Chinese hamster ovary cells and human lymphocytes were exposed to the sodium saccharin found to induce bladder cancer in rats. Both that saccharin and a highly purified extract of it increased the yield of sister chromatid exchanges in both types of cells. The results, which were repeatable and statistically highly significant, indicated that the weak carcinogen, saccharin, is also mutagenic in the sense that it induces cytogenetic changes.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wolff, S -- Rodin, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 5;200(4341):543-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644315" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Chromatids/*drug effects ; Crossing Over, Genetic/*drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; HeLa Cells ; Saccharin/*pharmacology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 45
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    Corticosterone concentrations in the mouse (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Spackman, D H -- Riley, V -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):87.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635580" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Circadian Rhythm ; Corticosterone/*blood ; Female ; Mice/*blood ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 46
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    Pyrazole-induced thyroid necrosis: a distinct organ lesion (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: One oral dose of pyrazole caused necrosis of rat thyroid follicular epithelial cells but spared the parafollicular (C) cells and the parathyroid glands. Serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were significantly decreased on day 3 after pyrazole administration and were immeasurable on day 5. At day 5 the thyroid was enlarged and the concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the serum was increased, indicating an appropriate pituitary response to a primary lesion in the thyroid. Doses of pyrazole which produced no morphologic change in the thyroids also significantly depressed the concentrations of T4 and T3 in the serum.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Szabo, S -- Horbath, E -- Kovacs, K -- Larsen, P R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1209-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/628835" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Necrosis ; Pyrazoles/*pharmacology ; Rats ; Thyroid Gland/*drug effects/pathology ; Thyroid Hormones/blood ; Thyrotropin/blood
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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