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  • wheat
  • Springer  (10)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (10)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1978  (10)
Collection
Publisher
  • Springer  (10)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Nature Publishing Group
Years
  • 1990-1994
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (10)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 16 (1978), S. 831-853 
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum L. ; wheat ; storage proteins ; gliadins ; gel electrophoresis ; endosperm ; dominant genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Inheritance of gliadin components unique to three different varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was studied in F1 and F2 seeds of intervarietal crosses using protein patterns obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in aluminum lactate buffer (pH 3.2). The patterns of F1 seeds of the crosses Cheyenne × Justin and INIA 66R × Justin evidenced all the bands present in the patterns of the parents; band intensities reflected gene dosage levels dependent on whether the contributing parent was maternal or paternal in accordance with the triploid nature of endosperm tissue. Most of the gliadin components examined segregated in accordance with control by a single dominant gene, but in two instances single bands in the one-dimensional electrophoretic patterns segregated in the F2 as expected if controlled by two genes. A method of two-dimensional electrophoresis was developed that resolved these apparently single bands into two components each, which could segregate independently. Linkage analysis provided evidence of codominant alleles and closely linked genes coding for gliadin protein components in both coupling and repulsion situations. The gliadin protein components seem to be coded for by clusters of genes located on chromosomes of homoeologous groups 1 and 6 in hexaploid wheats.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; spikelet number ; spikelet initiation ; development response ; quantitative inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Inheritance of spikelet number per ear and rate of spikelet initiation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) was studied in the ‘land race’ spring wheats, 8–23 and 8–27 from Afghanistan, under controlled temperature and photoperiod. Spikelet number per ear was found to be under simple genetic control with dominance for high spikelet number. It is suggested that the gene determining spikelet number does so by determining the rate of spikelet initiation.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 95-107 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Puccinia graminis ; wheat stem rust ; black rust resistance ; inheritance of slow rusting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The inheritance of the slow rusting character was studied on F5 progenies from seven spring wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum) crossed in all possible combinations without reciprocals. The cultivars and their progenies were evaluated for slow rusting in 1974 and 1975 in epidemics of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, races 15 and 151, and traces of other races. Slow rusting varied significantly among the parents and among the F5 progeny of each cross. Transgressive segregation occurred in each cross, i.e. some progeny rusted more slowly than the parents and some faster. In crosses with both Idaed 59 and Kenya 58 the progeny distributions were skewed towards slow rust development but the distributions in the other crosses were normal. The genetic control of slow rusting was predominantly additive, and narrow sense heritability was approximately 80 percent. The number of segregating genes having an effect on slow rusting was estimated to be 2 to 12 pairs depending on the cross. Correlation between slow rusting and maturity was usually negative but in most crosses the relationship was small.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 117-126 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Hordeum vulgare ; barley ; Triticum aestivum ; Triticum durum ; wheat ; genotypic variance ; environmental variance ; protein content ; nitrogen fertilizer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The effects of N fertilizer, irrigation and location on genotypic and environmental variances of barley and wheat varieties were studied in a series of trials. Genotypic variance for crude protein content, as well as for grain yield, tended to be higher under high N fertilizer rate (80 kg N/ha). The effect of N fertilizer rate on environmental variance varied with variety and location. Increase in crude protein content resulted in decrease in environmental variance for only a few of the varieties tested. The effect of quantity of irrigation water on genotypic and environmental variance for crude protein content was small.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 529-540 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Self-pollinating cereals ; Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; differential resistance ; durable resistance ; genetic control ; horizontal resistance ; non-race-specific resistance ; partial resistance ; race-specific resistance ; slow rusting ; specific virulence ; uniform resistance ; vertical resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The rust pathogens of cereals exist as populations of races that differ in their ability to attack various varieties. Varieties that are resistant when first released often become susceptible later due to the spread of previously undetected races but the time taken for this to occur in very variable. It often occurs so rapidly as to curtail the commercial use of otherwise satisfactory varieties. Some varieties, however, are widely grown for many years and remain adequately resistant to the prevalent rust diseases. They may aptly be described as having durable resistance. This durable or long-lasting resistance can be detected without any assumptions about, or detailed knowledge of, whether durability depends on any particular mechanisms of resistance, on various degrees of racespecificity or on many or few genes. Cappelle-Desprez is given as an example of a wheat variety with durable resistance to yellow rust. The most powerful test for the detection of durable resistance occurs when a variety is widely grown commercially for several years. A much weaker test is obtained by growing varieties in small disease nursery plots even when the test is repeated for several years. Usually, resistance which is durable is also partial or incomplete. Often, however, partial resistance of wheat to yellow rust has not been durable. Thus the observation that resistance is partial is not, of itself, a satisfactory criterion for the detection of durable resistance. It is suggested that the most obvious sources of durable resistance for use in breeding programmes are varieties which have been widely grown and have displayed this character. The transfer of such resistance during breeding may be achieved if the creation or incorporation of higher levels of resistance that have not been tested for durability is avoided. It should then be possible to derive resistance from the durably. resistant parent. Methods of achieving this are discussed.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 461-464 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Puccinia graminis ; stem rust ; resistance ; inheritance ; monsomic analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Genetics of rust resistance against stem rust race 122 in ‘Chhoti Lerma’ was studied both by conventional and aneuploid analysis. Observations on F1, F2 and F2 backcross progenies revealed the operation of two recessive genes, controlling resistance in ‘Chhoti Lerma’. Monosomic analysis confirmed the operation of two recessive genes conferring resistance to race 122 located on chromosomes 1D and 7D. A minor gene or modifier was also located on chromosome 1B. This was concluded from the fact that F2 of mono's x ‘Chhoti Lerma’ exhibited skewness in favour of resistant plants.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 511-519 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Puccinia recondita ; leaf rust ; resistance genes ; data base
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Monogenic lines resistant to leaf rust of spring and winter wheats were grown in the world wheat-producing areas from 1970 through 1975. Lines containing the alleles Lr9 (Wi), Lr9 (Tc), and Lr19 (Tc) were more resistant to the leaf rust pathogen than those containing Lr1 (Tc), −1 (Wi), −1,3 (Wi), −2A (Tc), −2A (Wi), −2D (Tc), −3 (Tc), −3 (Wi), −10 (Tc), −16 (Tc), −17 (Tc), −18 (Tc), or −2D (Pld). Monogenic line Lr1 (Wi) possibly has more than one gene for resistance and resistance properties similar to cultivars with ‘field resistance’. A computer data base was created to produce the information used in this paper.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 27 (1978), S. 577-580 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Truicum aestivum ; wheat ; Septoria tritici ; Septoria leaf bloth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Septoria leaf blotch readings, date of heading and plant height appeared strongly correlated in six variety trials with 25 varieties each. Three trials were conducted in 1972 and three in 1976. The taller and later the cultivars, the lower its Septoria leaf blotch score tended to be. The yields also were less strongly reduced in taller and later cultivars, as calculated from another experiment.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum durum ; wheat ; durum wheat ; nitrogen harvest index ; harvest index ; grain protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In a field experiment, plant (excluding roots) and grain nitrogen at harvest were estimated in 15 durum wheat cultivars varying in their grain protein concentration. They showed significant variation in grain yield, grain protein concentration, biological yield, total plant nitrogen at harvest and residual nitrogen in straw. Harvest index and nitrogen harvest index were calculated from this primary data. Nitrogen harvest index varied from 57 to 83%. Plant nitrogen showed significant positive correlation with biological yield, grain yield and grain protein yield, but the correlations with grain protein concentration, harvest index and nitrogen harvest index were not significant. Nitrogen harvest index was positively correlated with harvest index indicating that the distribution of N between straw and grain to a large extent, but not entirely, depends upon the partitioning of dry matter between the two. Grain protein concentration was neither correlated significantly to plant nitrogen nor to nitrogen harvest index.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; kernel protein content ; tyrosinase enzyme ; aneuploid analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A study was conducted to locate the genes responsible for the determination of kernel protein content and tyrosinase activity in a hexaploid wheat variety UP 301 using Pb. C591 monosomic series. Genes located on chromosomes 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 3D and 7D of UP 301 controlled protein content of UP 301. Of these the B genome chromosomes were found to have genes for increased protein content while the D genome chromosomes were found to carry genes for low protein content. A major gene coding for tyrosinase enzyme was detected on chromosome 6B of UP 301 and a modifier on chromosome 5B. This indicated the possibility of improving these quality characters through chromosome manipulation.
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