ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

X
feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Chemistry  (12,341)
  • SOLAR PHYSICS  (509)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (6,663)
  • 1975-1979  (6,187)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1980  (6,663)
  • 1978  (6,187)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (6,663)
  • 1975-1979  (6,187)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Picosecond chemical and biological events (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: Picosecond spectroscopy is a relatively new field of science that utilizes ultrashort laser pulses to monitor events taking place in the 10(-12) second regime. The continuing development of picosecond spectroscopy has made possible the detection and measurement of the primary events in many physical and tiological processes. This article describes a currently used picosecond spectroscopy system that is capable of reliably recording picosecond events. Two areas of picosecond research are discussed; one concerns the interaction of electrons in fluids, and the second the primary events in vision.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rentzepis, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):174-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694523" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Electrons ; *Kinetics ; Lasers ; Protons ; *Retinal Pigments ; *Rhodopsin ; Spectrum Analysis/*methods ; Temperature ; *Vision, Ocular
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Foreign aid support of science and economic growth (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: The history of U.S. foreign aid support of science and technology in Latin America is examined and an attempt is made to evaluate the scientific and economic growth of that area in relation to the total foreign aid effort.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Szmant, H H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1173-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415363" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Education ; History, 20th Century ; International Educational Exchange ; Latin America ; *Research Support as Topic ; *Science/history ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Nonvolatile mutagens in drinking water: production by chlorination and destruction by sulfite (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-01-04
    Description: In concentrates of water produced in a laboratory simulation of a drinking water treatment process, direct-acting, nonvolatile mutagens were readily detected by means of the Ames Salmonella test. The mutagens were shown to be produced by the chlorination process. Treatment of the water with chloramine resulted in less mutagenic activity than treatment with free chlorine. Dechlorination of drinking water with sulfite sharply reduced the mutagenic activity. Treatment with sulfur dioxide is proposed as an effective, inexpensive method of reducing the direct-acting mutagenic activity of drinking water and of aqueous industrial effluents.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cheh, A M -- Skochdopole, J -- Koski, P -- Cole, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Jan 4;207(4426):90-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6985746" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Chloramines ; Chlorine ; Mutagens/*analysis ; Salmonella typhimurium/genetics ; Sulfites ; Water Pollutants/*analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis ; Water Supply/*analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The glycosylation of hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Glucose reacts nonenzymatically with the NH2-terminal amino acid of the beta chain of human hemoglobin by way of a ketoamine linkage, resulting in the formation of hemoglobin AIc. Other minor components appear to be adducts of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate. These hemoglobins are formed slowly and continuously throughout the 120-day life-span of the red cell. There is a two- to threefold increase in hemoglobin AIc in the red cells of patients with diabetes mellitus. By providing an integrated measurement of blood glucose, hemoglobin AIc is useful in assessing the degree of diabetic control. Furthermore, this hemoglobin is a useful model of nonenzymatic glycosylation of other proteins that may be involved in the long-term complications of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bunn, H F -- Gabbay, K H -- Gallop, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):21-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus/*blood/diagnosis ; Diphosphoglyceric Acids/blood ; Glycosides/blood ; Glycosuria/etiology ; Hemoglobin A/*metabolism ; Hemoglobins/*analysis/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Oxygen/blood ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Trace chemistries of fire: a source of chlorinated dioxins (1980)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-10-01
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bumb, R R -- Crummett, W B -- Cutie, S S -- Gledhill, J R -- Hummel, R H -- Kagel, R O -- Lamparski, L L -- Luoma, E V -- Miller, D L -- Nestrick, T J -- Shadoff, L A -- Stehl, R H -- Woods, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1980 Oct;210(4468):385-90.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6159682" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Air Pollutants/analysis ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; *Dioxins/analysis ; *Fires ; Power Plants ; Smoke/analysis ; Soil Pollutants/analysis ; Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin/analysis ; Vehicle Emissions/analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    PAPER CURRENT
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The measurement of global scale surface dynamics (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The SCADM mission implicitly contains a requirement for a fundamentally new type of satellite instrument: a very sensitive (approximately 1 m s/1) imaging velocity detector. This is needed to measure global oscillations and global circulation patterns, but the sensitivity requirement is so severe that it has not yet been met even with ground based instruments. In this presentation, the various possible sources of noise and other errors in such a device are considered, and the more detailed instrumental requirements are developed. This leads to the conceptual design of a velocitygraph that appears to achieve the necessary sensitivity and imaging capability within a resonable weight and volume.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 147-157
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The opportunities offered by SCADM for the study of surface phenomena related to interior structure and dynamics (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The physical processes to be probed by experiments may be grouped as large scale flows, oscillations, and chromospheric/coronal diagnostics. While the fundamental concerns and observational equipments are similar within each class, different investigations may tell different things about the Sun. Observational requirements are listed for experiments to study (1) plasma-magnetic field interactions; (2) interior structure via oscillations; (3) chromospheric and coronal tracers; (4) rotation, meridional flows, and giant cells; (5) the depth dependence of rotation; (6) EUV luminosity; (7) intensity fluctuations and tracers; and (8) diameter oscillations, the effects of noise and timestring on experiment results are assessed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 101-135
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Observable solar features which provide clues to the state of the solar dynamo (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Space experiments are suggested to better monitor the solar dynamo and solar luminosity variations. Polar and other magnetic fields, sunspots, coronal holes, filaments and other observable solar and solar wind phenomena can provide us with important links to test and discover physical mechanisms which relate solar activity to terrestrial weather, climate, and possibly population variations.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 85-100
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Overview on the study of the solar cycle from space (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Recent insights into the workings of the solar system are reviewed as factors to be considered when formulating key questions to be answered during a large scale program to study the solar cycle. The main objectives of the Solar Cycle and Dynamics Mission are to determine the causes (physical origins and mechanisms) of the solar cycle and the effects of these mechanisms on the heliosphere, the vast region that includes the corona, interplanetary medium, and the terrestrial environment. The mission should be able to obtain synoptic data on solar variability associated with the cycle, and over at least a fraction of a single 11-year cycle.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 31-42
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    European Space Agency studies of the solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The feasibility and scientific objectives of a solar probe were studied by a Mission Definition Group in 1975 and 1976. The orbit analysis program was developed and an extended study of the orbit analysis was done in 1977. The results of these studies are in the Report of the Mission Definition Study (1976) and an E.S.O.C. report (1978), and the reader is referred to these sources for greater details. In this report, only brief discussion on mission concept and objectives, satellite design, orbit, orbit analysis, are presented.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 556-564
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Solar probe study (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Realistic options for a Solar Probe Mission consistent with known technical, fiscal, and programmatic constraints are identified. A program plan for NASA which includes identification of necessary research and development activities is developed. A baseline mission and a strawman spacecraft design were selected and used to determine the feasibility of meeting the mission requirements and the sensitivity to variations in those requirements.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: A Close-up of the Sun; p 521-534
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Detection of gravitational radiation and oscillations of the sun via Doppler tracking of spacecraft (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The magnitude of Doppler signals produced by gravitational wave burst, continuous gravitational waves, and oscillations of the sun interacting with a spacecraft are considered. Expressions are worked out for the appropriate noise entering each measurement. The noise sources considered are the Doppler extractor, fluctuations in the solar wind and the troposphere, and fluctuations in the reference oscillator.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 498-517
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 13
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Gravitational wave detection with the solar probe. II. The Doppler tracking method (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: How gravitational radiation affects Doppler tracking is briefly described. The status of the analyses of the sensitivities achievable with the NASA-JPL Deep Space Network(DSN) is given.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: A Close-up of the Sun; p 441-449
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    What is the fate of interplanetary dust (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The following general picture of the interplanetary dust is presented: (1) size distribution; (2) spatial distribution; (3) composition; (4) dynamics; and (5) origin. The solar probe mission provides a unique opportunity to study the evolution of the interplanetary dust and its eventual destruction near the sun. Two destructive processes (fragmentation and vaporization) of interplanetary dust are discussed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: A Close-up of the Sun; p 411-419
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 15
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The solar probe and coronal dynamics (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The discovery of coronal holes led to basic changes in ideas about the structure of the low corona and its expansion into the solar wind. The nature of the energy flux is not understood. Current ideas include enhanced thermal conductivities, extended MHD wave heating, and wave momentum transfer, all in rapidly diverging geometries. There is little feel for the relative importance of these processes. The Solar Probe, with its penetration deep into the solar corona, could lead to observational constraints on their relative importance, and thus to an understanding of the origin of the solar wind. Observations from the Solar Probe will also bear on such questions as to whether small scale "intrastream" structure is common close to the Sun in open field-line regions, whether the properties of the wind are pronouncedly different over closed and open field-line regions at five solar radii, and many others. The resolution of these questions requires measurements of the magnetic field and of the proton and electron distribution functions.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 318-333
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 16
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Plasma waves near the sun: Advances possible with a solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A review is presented of current experimental and theoretical knowledge of plasma waves in the solar wind, with comments on the scientific importance of obtaining plasma wave measurements in the region near the sun with the solar probe. The waves discussed include the acoustic waves and shocks which are thought to be the primary source for heating the solar corona, Alfven waves, ion-cyclotron waves, whistler-mode turbulence, ion-acoustic waves, and electron plasma oscillations associated with solar radio emissions. A discussion is presented of the types of measurements which would be needed to study these waves on the solar probe, the constraints imposed on the spacecraft and the research and development which would be needed to provide the necessary instrumentation.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 281-317
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 17
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Probing the solar corona with energetic particles (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Representative sets of recent experimental results and theoretical studies are summarized to show the current knowledge of energetic particle phenomena based mainly on observations near 1 AU. Measurements close to the sun of quantities such as particle spectra, charge and isotopic composition, and the flow of particles as a function of time, together with measurements of the plasma, magnetic field, X-rays, and gamma rays will not only reveal the properties of the source region and acceleration mechanisms but will also provide a better knowledge of the physics of the corona. These measurements may also reveal the existence of large scale inhomogeneities in the solar corona. The general requirements for making these measurements on the solar probe are listed. An energetic particle detector system which has the capability of resolving the charge and isotopic composition up to 50 MeV/nucleon may successfully measure the above quantities provided that it can perform under both very low and average intensity levels.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 205-218
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 18
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Multicolor imaging and photopolarimetry: Disk features, K and F coronas, zodiacal light (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The unique vantage points and viewing geometries afforded by a close-in solar probe are briefly examined with regard to line and continuum measurements of features on the solar disk, the K and F coronas, and the zodiacal light. Common instrument and observing requirements are identified, suggesting that a single instrument could provide much of the necessary observational data on these phenomena.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Closeup of the Sun; p 143-154
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 19
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Contributions of SCADM to solar-terrestrial physics (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The many different aspects of solar terrestrial physics are summarized. The possible influence of variations in the solar outputs on the terrestrial climate, and the role for SCADM in such studies is emphasized. The use of SCADM to provide detailed information on variations in the solar outputs over a sizeable fraction of the solar cycle, and on the physics of the convection layer of the Sun is discussed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 277-289
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 20
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    X-ray bright points and the solar cycle (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The shape of the Sun's activity spectrum is such that the majority of all magnetic flux emerging at the surface comes in the form of bright points, i.e., regions living less than two days. Examination of soft X-ray data obtained from 1970 to 1978 shows that the number of bright points appears to be anticorrelated with traditional activity indices, such as sunspot number; the anticorrelation persists after corrections are made for obscuration by active regions. Comparison of X-ray data with KPNO magnetograms shows that to within a factor of two, the average total amount of magnetic flux emerging over the full Sun is constant through the entire period of observation. The Solar cycle therefore appears to be more an oscillation in the wavenumber distribution of emerging flux than of the total quantity of magnetic flux produced.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 75-83
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 21
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Dynamics of the solar interior and the solar dynamo (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The solar convection zone is the origin of most of the variations in solar output observed or suspected to occur. The Sun's magnetic field is rooted there, and solar activity and the solar cycle are generated and maintained there. Changes in the magnetic fields which reach into the solar atmosphere and beyond to interplanetary space are largely determined by the dynamo action of velocity fields in the convection zone. If changes in solar luminosity occur on time scales of months to millenia, such changes probably have their origin in the changing dynamics of the convection zone, either as cause of or in response to long term changes in the level of solar activity. Fluctuations would occur in the rate at which energy is brought to the surface by convection, and the solar diameter would be slightly modified. To describe and ultimately understand the global workings of the solar dynamo requires simultaneous high quality photospheric observations of solar velocities, magnetic fields, intensity patterns, luminosity and various radiative outputs. The observations must be nearly continuous in time and of long duration-most or all of a solar cycle. Such a measurement program should be a major part of the proposed Solar Cycle and Dynamics Mission.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 3-11
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 22
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A solar activity monitoring platform for SCADM (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The adaptation of proven space probe technology is proposed as a means of providing a solar activity monitoring platform which could be injected behind the Earth's orbital position to give 3 to 6 days advanced coverage of the solar phenomenon on the backside hemisphere before it rotates into view and affects terrestrial activities. The probe would provide some three dimensional discrimination within the ecliptic latitude. This relatively simple off-Earth probe could provide very high quality data to support the SCADM program, by transmitting both high resolution video data of the solar surface and such measurements of solar activity as particle, X-ray, ultraviolet, and radio emission fluxes. Topics covered include the orbit; constraints on the spacecraft; subsystems and their embodiments; optical imaging sensors and their operation; and the radiation-pressure attitude control system are described. The platform would be capable of mapping active regions on an hourly basis with one arc-second resolution.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 45-54
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 23
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The corona and heliosphere (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The eleven-year solar cycle is an especially appropriate period over which to study the solar output and its variation, because during this cycle most of the important types of solar variability (many characterized by periods shorter than eleven years) are manifested. Studies of solar variability over a solar cycle will improve understanding of solar structure and of the generation of the solar wind, and this improved understanding can be useful in the related studies of stellar structure and stellar winds, since stellar observations are necessarily less detailed and sophisticated than are solar observations. A particularly significant benefit that will accrue from a thorough study of the solar atmosphere and its variability over the next solar cycle is a great enhancement in the usefulness of so-called 'proxy' data in studying longer term solar variations and their terrestrial implication.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 13-25
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 24
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Ion drive performance and trajectories (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The use of Solar Electric Propulsion (SEP) for the Solar Probe Mission is addressed. The dependence of the payload mass on the site of the SEP and the flight time are described on the basis of preliminary data. The range of hardware expected to be available in the 1980's is summarized. There are several classes of optimal low-thrust trajectories for the Solar Probe Mission. These are trajectory types A, B, C corresponding to one, two, or three orbital revolutions, respectively. Plots of transfer trajectories corresponding to type-A, type-A with a Venus Swingby, type-B, and type-C with ab Icarus Rendezvous are shown. A summary of the SEP performance is given.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: A Close-up of the Sun; p 544-555
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 25
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Zodiacal light dynamics experiment: A wideband imaging Fabry-Perot interferometer (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The Solar Probe will provide an ideal platform from which to study dynamics of dust particles near the sun by measuring the detailed character of the Fraunhofer structure of the zodiacal light. The suggested instrument is a wideband imaging Fabry-Perot interferometer with state of the art technology in both the optics and the detector. The instrument would function as a high-resolution imaging device providing wavelength resolution of 0.03 A over about a 20 A range. The wideband imaging capability would provide sky maps of the zodiacal light on a despun spacecraft without mechanical scanning. The Solar Probe mission would allow the velocity distribution of the dust to be mapped along most of the trajectory of the spacecraft.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 420-429
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 26
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A solar wind experiment for the solar probe mission (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Electron and ion plasma measurements on Solar Probe are important, especially to elucidate the role of coronal holes as sources of the solar wind and to resolve the long debated question of the importance of wave heating within 20 solar radii to the acceleration of the solar wind. Adaptable instruments are required to cover the large dynamic range of parameters between 1 AU and 4 solar radii. The baseline mission would be improved, in some respects, by the addition of a second spacecraft, following the first by a distance of several solar radii. A spinning spacecraft would be satisfactory, but not essential, for the present objectives. Attention should be paid to having the heat shield electrically conducting. An instrument for ion and electron (but no composition) measurements would have a mass of approximately 10 kg, require 8 w of power, and generate data at a maximum rate of approximately 2 kbits/sec.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 345-353
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 27
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Acceleration and heating of the solar wind (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Some of the competing theories of solar wind acceleration and heating are reviewed, and the observations that are required to distinguish among them are discussed. In most cases what is required is measurement of plasma velocity and temperature and magnetic field, as near the sun as possible and certainly inside 20 solar radii; another critical aspect of this question is determining whether a turbulent envelope exists in this inner region, and if so, defining its properties. Plasma and magnetic observations from the proposed Solar Probe mission would thus yield a quantum jump in our understanding of the dynamics of the solar wind.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 334-344
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 28
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    On neutrons from the sun (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A survey of all the experiments carried out over the past decade to verify theoretical predictions for the observation of solar neutrons is presented and discussed. The conclusions drawn from this discussion are: (1) the Solar Probe Mission is important in order to discover the low energy neutrons of solar origin; (2) this discovery is likely to carry very useful information about the nature, the locale, the lifetime and the mode of operation of the acceleration processes in the solar atmosphere; and (3) this information will lead to a rapid development of the science of solar meteorology and the more rapid forecasting of solar activity, on a long-term basis.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 262-270
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 29
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Hard X-ray imaging from the solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The solar probe offers a platform with particular advantages for studying solar nonthermal plasma processes via the observations of hard X-radiation from energetic electrons in the chromosphere and corona, these include (1) high sensitivity, (2) a second line of sign (in addition to the earth's) that can aid in three dimensional reconstruction of the source distribution, and, (3) the possibility of correlation with direct measurements of the nonthermal particles from the probe itself.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 132-142
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 30
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    High resolution stereoscopic X-ray imaging of coronal features during a solar probe flyby (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The possible role of solar probe mission in answering fundamental questions about the structure and heating of coronal loops is examined. The experimental technique consists of imaging 1-10 keV X-rays to give accurate temperature profiles of hot active regions and post-flare loops. A limitation on the interpretation of such pictures is that steroscopic reconstruction of the three dimensional arches requires many lines of sight. This kind of information can be provided only by a rapid solar flyby. In addition, the proximity to the sun will provide useful spatial resolution with compact instrumentation. The pictures thus obtained will provide crucial tests of theoretical models of coronal arches.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 111-117
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 31
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Optical observations of the sun from a solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The spatial resolution of solar surface structure to ultimate limits with simple instrumentation. The logic is simple: a 10 cm aperture telescope at 4 solar radii resolves the equivalent of a five meter telescope in earth orbit. Given the ease of producing a diffraction limited 10 cm telescope and the difficulty of fabricating a diffraction limited 5 meter telescope, the performance of the small telescope could well be better. The telescope described complements planned solar orbiting telescopes in earth orbit and would need only a few arcs seconds of pointing.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 89-91
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 32
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Possible measurements of J sub 2 and the sun's angular momentum with the solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The metric tensor is given for describing the dynamical effects of the sun on a solar probe and the gravitational redshift of a probe-based clock in a covariance analysis for the detectability of the solar quadrupole moment and the solar angular momentum. Unknown parameters were determined by least squares fit to the probe tracking data. A polar orbit was assumed with perihelion at 5 solar radii and with an earth-sun-probe angle of 135 deg at perihelion. Tracking was assumed to be Doppler only, with a basic uncertainity of .1 mm/sec in the radial velocity. A drag-free system which could reduce nongravitational forces below the level of 2 times 10 to the minus 12th power was found necessary to preserve this same level of accuracy. Both one way and two way Doppler were supposed in order to determine the gravitational redshift as well as the pure spacecraft dynamics.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: A Close-up of the Sun; p 58-59
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 33
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The analysis of high spatial resolution UV and X-ray images by computational modeling (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Very high resolution stereoscopic images of high temperature loop structures observed at UV and X-ray wavelengths in the solar corona can be used to understand physical processes in the corona. An existing computational model is described and sample results are given to demonstrate that computational modeling of coronal structures can indeed take advantage of very high resolution images. The sample results include the run of temperature and number density along a typical loop and the variation of the differential emission measure with temperature. The integration of the differential emission measure with temperature along a column commensurate with an instrument's spatial resolution is the relevant parameter obtained from UV and X-ray observations. The effects of loop geometry and energy input are examined.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 118-131
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 34
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Determination of the structure and heating mechanisms of coronal loops from soft X-ray observations with the solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: High resolution soft X-ray imaging from the solar probe is justified in terms of the expected scientific returns which include the determination of the temperature and density structure of a coronal loop. The advantages of the grazing incidence telescope over the multiple pinhole camera are discussed. An instrument package is described which includes a grazing incidence mirror, a thermal prefilter, a three position filter wheel and a focal plane detector baselined as an 800 by 800 back-illuminated charge coupled device. The structural assembly together with the data processing equipment would draw heavily on the designs being developed for the Solar Polar Mission.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 94-110
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Measurement of solar gravitational oblateness with gravity gradiometers (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A very high sensitivity rotating gravity gradiometer onboard the spacecraft is described for measuring the gravitational oblateness of the Sun during a solar probe mission. The proposed instrument would be a self-contained structure in a thermal-vacuum-magnetic shield in the shape of a cross, with a mass of 20 kg and arm length of 1.0 m and thickness of 0.1 m. The sensor inside would have a resonant frequency of 1/30 Hz, a mechanical Q of one million and would use gravitational radiation antenna technology to achieve a sensitivity of 6 x 10 to the minus 8th power Eotvos, which would provide a measurement of the solar oblateness to an accuracy of 1.5 to 6 x 10 to the minus 8th power. The gravity gradiometer will require a spinning spacecraft, so that it will not sense the spacecraft gravity fields, but the gradiometer does not need to be at the spacecraft center of mass, or even on the spacecraft spin axis. Major problem areas to be addressed are demonstration of the instrument sensitivity prior to flight and the measurement and compensation for any residual spacecraft angular rates.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 69-78
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 36
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Comments on the drag-free control of a solar probe relativity mission (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A spacecraft going within 4 solar radii of the Sun experiences an acceleration up to .00005 g from solar radiation pressure, and significant (though smaller) accelerations from the solar wind. To obtain satisfactory information about relativistic effects and the Sun's quadrupole mass coefficient, these non-gravitational accelerations are either measured or compensated out by making the spacecraft drag free. A proof mass inside the spacecraft structure is shielded from the external forces, so that it follows a nearly ideal gravitational orbit, and a control system activates gas jets (or other translational forcers) to make the vehicle follow the mass. The problems are mechanizing the control laws and minimizing extraneous effects such as the self gravitational pull of the spacecraft. The extraneous forces can be averaged in one plane by having a spinning vehicle.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 60-68
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 37
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Possible measurement of the coefficient of the second zonal harmonic of the sun's gravitational field with a solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The use of radio tracking of a solar probe to estimate accurately the coefficient of the second zonal harmonic of the sun's gravitational field was examined. Preliminary results indicate that the coefficient can be estimated with a standard error of 10 to the minus 8th power or less, provided that the probe is equipped with a suitable drag-free system to compensate for the effects of non-gravitational accelerations. For signal paths that pass near the sun, dual-band ranging to the probe can provide the tracking accuracy needed to insure that the standard of error is equal to or less than 10 to minus 8th power. The possibility of achieving such accuracy with a single-band radio uplink and a dual-band downlink is discussed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 19-41
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 38
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The importance of determining the solar quadrupole moment (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Current theoretical modelling of the sun is in difficulty. Additional observations must be made to place constraints on the plethora of conjectures that have been advanced to explain the low neutrino flux and to guide solar model builders in their search to understand the deep interior of the sun. A determination of the magnitude of the solar quadrupole moment, is one such constraint; it places limits on the density, angular velocity and magnetic field distributions inside the sun.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 11-18
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SBUV) and Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) experiment (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: The SBUV/TOMS is designed to measure the extraterrestrial ultraviolet solar irradiation and the solar ultraviolet radiation from the earth and its atmosphere. Methods to recover the ozone information from backscattered ultraviolet measurements are described. Mapping of the total ozone and 200 mb height fields is obtained.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: The Nimbus 7 User's Guide; p 175-212
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Radial and solar cycle variations in the solar wind phase fluctuation spectral index as determined from Voyager 1978 solar conjunction data (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: Columnar spectral index information that has been extracted from a sizable volume of Voyager 1978 solar conjunction Doppler phase fluctuation data is presented. The Voyager 1978 results, when compared to similar information derived from the 1976 Helios and Viking Solar Conjunctions, lead to the following inferences: (1) there has been a significant change in the spectral index from 1976 to 1978; (2) there is continuing evidence that favors a slight (positive) correlation between the spectral index and the solar cycle; and (3) there is little or no evidence in support of a radial variation of the spectral index.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 59-65
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 41
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Solar coronal holes and cosmic ray intensity variations (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A relationship between the (North-South) asymmetry in the areas of the solar polar coronal holes and the (North-South) anisotropy in the cosmic ray intensity is examined. The investigation was extended over a period of two years, using ground based observations of coronal brightness obtained by the K-Coronameter. Periods for study of cosmic ray variations were chosen maximizing the asymmetry of the polar coronal holes. The importance of the role played by coronal holes in the solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays is emphasized.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; 11 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 42
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    An imaging X-ray spectrometer to study solar activity in conjunction with the SCADM program (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: An experiment is proposed to study solar active region dynamics and evolution. The experiment will employ an imaging X-ray spectrometer to study solar activity in conjunction with the SCADM program. A summary of the experiment is presented which includes the specifications and capabilities of the X-ray spectrometer, the scientific objectives, the method of approach, and a comparison of the experiment with other solar X-ray experiments. The experiment is proposed for use on the space shuttle due to its larger volume and weight capacity.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 245-258
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 43
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The dependence of coronal hole size on large scale magnetic field strength (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The importance of mathematical models of the coronal structure for studies of coronal energetics, to simulate global flows of the solar wind, and to obtain reliable solar terrestrial predictions is discussed. Previous coronal models, including an example of a coronal MHD flow model, are reviewed. The development of a coronal model which is a logical extension of earlier models and which allows a closer relationship to the photospheric magnetic field as it is observed daily is described. The calculations are outlined. The assumptions of the model are: axisymmetric flow with no rotation, resulting in two dimensional flow in a meridional plane; zero viscosity and infinite electrical conductivity; polytropic, single fluid flow; and no momentum addition.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 209-217
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 44
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Spatial evolution of magnetic fields as seen in coronal streamers to 12 R sub o during the solar cycle (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Outer coronal photographs made from high altitude aircraft at the solar eclipses of 1966, '70, '72, '73, and '79 which sample various times in the solar cycle are presented. Coronal streamers extending from the solar limb to 12 R sub o are displayed. The evolution of the streamers as they distort magnetic field lines to large distances from the Sun is examined. Results show that the distortion is varied, that the polar plumes can be traced beyond 8 R sub o, diverging apparently along dipole field lines, and that the divergence varies along the solar cycle. Various changes in nonpolar streamers are discussed including the tendency to become radial beyond 3 to 5 R sub o as if controlled by the solar wind.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 201-208
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 45
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Observational requirements for measurements of solar rotation inward to the base of the convection zone (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Measurements of the rate of rotation at various depths in the solar interior and of temporal changes in the rotation are discussed. A technique to measure the absolute rate of the Sun's rotation (in meters per second) below its visible surface over the outer 3% of its radius using ground based equipment is described. The theory of the technique, developed to the base of the solar convection zone is analyzed. It is stressed that such deeper rotational measurements, extending from 3% inward to 25 to 30% of the Sun's radius can only be obtained from a spaceborne instrument which is not subject to the normal Earth based day-night observing cycle.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 159-173
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 46
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Second generation detector for low order global solar oscillations (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The first observations of long period low order global solar oscillations grew out of diameter measurements made over an extended period of time. As a result of these investigations, a detailed understanding of the surface properties of the oscillations evolved, allowing development of a second generation detector. This new detector, currently under development directly utilizes various surface properties of the oscillations and does not, therefore, directly involve diameter measurements. The specifications of the detector, its supporting telescope and the observing program are reviewed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 137-146
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Problems of interior structure, the solar dynamo and the role of SCADM in providing interior diagnostics (1980)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: What is already known about the structure of the Sun, the motion of its convective zone, and the solar cycle is reviewed. Topics discussed include solar variability, solar 'seismology', velocity patterns, magnetic fields, and the dynamo theory. Observations are needed to determine global properties (solar luminosity and radius), oscillations (p and g models), velocities (variation of rotation with time and depth), and magnetic fields.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Study of the Solar Cycle from Space; p 55-64
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 48
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Ballistic trajectories (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The only ballistic trajectory mode feasible for a close solar probe or for an orbit inclined approximately 90 degrees to the ecliptic is the Jupiter gravity assisted mode. A comparison of the trajectories of the Solar Polar and the Solar Probe Mission for 1983 launches is shown. The geometry of the solar encounter phase is practically the same for the 4.3 year orbit achieved by a Jupiter gravity assist and for a one year orbit. Data describing the geometry of an orbit with perihelion at 4 solar radii and aphelion at Jupiter are listed. The range of apparent directions of the solar wind if it is flowing radially outward from the Sun with a speed of either 150 or 300 km/sec is shown. The minimum sun-earth-probe angle during the solar encounter as a function of the earth-node angle and the orbital inclination is also shown. If the inclination is 60 degrees or more, the minimum SEP angle is not greatly different from the 90 degree value.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: A Close-up of the Sun; p 521-534
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 49
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Transmission media effects on precise Doppler tracking (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The effects of the transmission media - the earth's troposphere and ionosphere, and the solar wind - on precise Doppler tracking are discussed. The charged particle effects can be largely removed by dual frequency observations; however there are limitations to these corrections (besides system noise and/or finite integration times) including the effects of magnetic fields, diffraction, and differential refraction, all of which must be carefully evaluated. The earth's troposphere can contribute an error of delta f/f approximately 10 to the minus 14th power.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: A Close-up of the Sun; p 450-456
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Scintillation observations near the sun (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Results on the electron density spectrum, the random velocity and the mean velocity of the solar wind in the region from 5 to 100 solar radii are presented. Results are based on intensity scintillations of incoherent radio sources at different locations and different radio frequencies. The shape of the electron density irregularity spectrum is shown to be well modeled by a power law in wavenumber with a slope that abruptly steepens at higher wavenumbers. This two slope power law model is shown to have a break (defined as the wavenumber of the change of slope) that increases with decreasing distance from the Sun. The fractional random velocity is shown to be insignificant at distances of greater than 40 solar radii, but shows a steady increase with decreasing solar distance inside of 40 solar radii.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 388-396
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 51
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Plasma density mapping in the solar wind through use of VHF radio to measure electron content (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: How the electron content between the Solar probe and the earth can be observed with a minimum of equipment and give a quantitative rationale for the use of a signal near 400 MHz to supplement the telecommunications signal is described. The emphasis is on the method of making content observations and on their value. While far from the Sun, the electron content is so low that the S-X dual-frequency system is insufficiently sensitive and a UHF system is optimum. As the probe approaches the Sun, the UHF may be disrupted by scintillation and the variations of the telecommunications signal must be used for the content measurement. By operating the suggested system in different modes as the solar distance changes, operation during the entire mission is possible.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 397-407
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 52
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A timed-correlated four-link Doppler Tracking system (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Phase perturbations that occur in the following components of the one and two-way systems are considered: (1) one-way system (signal from A to B): station a oscillator - transmitter A antenna A - signal path - antenna B - receiver B station B oscillator - recording system B; (2) two-way system (signal from A to B back to A): station A oscillator - transmitter A - antenna A - signal path up - antenna B - transponder B - antenna B - signal path down - receiver A - station A oscillator - recording system A. A symmetrical one- and two-way system which can identify the place of origin of the fluctuation and quantify it so as to recover the unperturbed phase at a given moment of time by time-correlating the phase fluctuations obtained in the one- and two-way data taken at both stations is described
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 457-497
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 53
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Gravitational wave detection with the solar probe: I. Motivation (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Questions are posed and answered through discussion of gravitational wave detection with the Solar Probe. Discussed are: (1) what a gravitational wave is; (2) why wave detection is important; (3) what astrophysical information might be learned from these waves; (4) status of attempts to detect these waves; (5) why the Solar Probe is a special mission for detecting these waves; (6) how the Solar Probe's expected sensitivity compares with the strength of predicted gravitational waves; and (7) what gravity wave searchers will do after the Solar Probe.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 433-440
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 54
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Magnetohydrodynamic simulation of coronal mass ejections into the solar wind (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A state of the art fluid continuum technique to describe the MHD transient respose of the corona below 10 solar radii during two well observed events (flares on 21 August 1973 and 5 September 1973) is reviewed. It is concluded that the computer simulation should be subjected to in situ verification of as many of its initial assumptions as possible. Its ability to provide a rational basis for physical understanding of mass ejections suggests its use as one of the tools used in the planning and analysis of such encounter missions.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 367-387
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 55
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Spectroscopic mapping of solar wind velocities (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: During the total solar eclipse of 1970, measurements of resonantly scattered Lyman-alpha radiation from the solar corona revealed a means to determine temperatures and densities in the solar corona beyond 1.5 R solar radii. A natural extension of this work is to use the Solar Probe to measure the spectral line profile of Lyman-alpha radiation backscattered toward the Sun from coronal regions between 4 R solar radii and 10 R solar radii. The backscattered profile would provide unique and quantitative determinations of the outlaw velocities of coronal material into the solar wind. Such information is of critical importance for understanding solar-wind formation and solar-terrestrial effects on the earth's climate. There is no known way to obtain this information without a Solar Probe-type mission.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 354-365
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 56
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Solar wind science for a solar probe mission (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Scientific objectives for solar-wind investigations relevant to a Solar Probe mission are outlined and put in perspective. Information gained from the various possible measurements are also listed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 273-280
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 57
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Solar neutron spectroscopy near the sun (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A brief note is summarized to show the importance of solar neutron observations for the advancement of phenomena crucial for solar physics, and to suggest the constraints which must be placed on the Solar Probe Mission for carrying out studies of this kind.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 243-261
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 58
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Low-energy protons: Gradients in interplanetary space and distribution in the solar corona (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: First and second order anisotropy measurements are proposed as a tool for studying the coronal source function and interplanetary propagation of low energy protons. Optimum orbit and attitude requirements are suggested for a three telescope system. Some limitations with regard to the lower energy limit for a feasible set-up are discussed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 234-239
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Magnetic field measurements from the solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: An optical system for the solar probe is described as well as its capability for improvements in spatial resolution. A magnetograph for measuring the elementary flux tube and obtaining vector geometry field geometry offers the possibility of looking for low contrast weak structure. With the probe's orbit passing over the pole, the structure of the polar field can be directly measured. The detector plane of the system receives a telecentric image of the objective. Because there is an aperture in this focal plane that can both move and change size, polarized line profiles can be obtained at arbitrary points with variable spatial resolution. The telescope microprocessor searches for the magnetic elements and then constructs the vector field.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 155-158
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 60
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    New perspectives for solar observations (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The merits and demerits of an approach to the Sun (more closely than about one AU) are examined. High resolution imaging (approximately 0.1 arc sec) to be obtained with the shuttle-borne solar optical telescope, will permit conclusive observations relating to the structure of the quiet solar atmosphere, sunspots, spicules, oscillations, and many other problems of solar astrophysics. Beyond this limit important unresolved structure will exist, especially in optically thin regions or in regions with strong magnetic fields. Ambiguity will remain in solar imagery because a single line of sight cannot suffice completely to untangle the vertical dimension from the two horizontal dimensions. A solar probe with a complement of solar telescopes would provide two lines of sight for solar viewing and increase knowledge of the three dimensional structure of the solar atmosphere.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: JPL A Close-up of the Sun; p 81-88
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Gravitational experiments on solar probe (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A covariance analysis was performed for a solar probe trajectory which encounters the sun at four solar radii. The unknown parameters in the analysis are the six initial cartesian coordinates for the probe, six initial cartesian coordinates for the earth, the astronomical unit, the solar gravitational quadrupole coefficient and two post Newtonian meters (beta, gamma). Errors in the unknown parameters were computed as a function of standard errors on the radio tracking data and on the nongravitational forces which act on the probe. Results were obtained for several tracking geometries and for several orbital inclinations to the ecliptic. The analysis shows that the principal scientific result from the radio tracking of a solar probe would be the determination of the quadrupole moment, which would place a constraint on models of the solar interior.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: A Close-up of the Sun; p 42-57
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 62
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Ground tracking system phase fluctuation spectra (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Spectral analysis of solar wind plasma fluctuation requires knowledge of the average ground tracking system phase fluctuation spectrum. Typical ground tracking system phase fluctuation spectra are presented as deduced from two-way S-band Doppler noise measured at large Sun-Earth-Probe angles.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 125-128
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 63
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A solar wind turbulence event during the Voyager 1978 solar conjunction profiled via new DSN radio science (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: A radio science data capability within the DSN Tracking System is described. This capability consists of routine provision of phase fluctuation data concurrently computed over several different time scales. This capability was used to observe phase fluctuation spectral characteristics during a rapid increase in solar wind turbulence that occurred during a July 23, 1978 track of the Voyager 1 spacecraft by Deep Space Station 11. It is suggested that the capability will prove useful in studies of variations of solar wind phase fluctuation spectral characteristics with, for instance, parameters such as the solar cycle and radial distance.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 55-58
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 64
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A hard X-ray and gamma ray observation of the 22 November 1977 solar flare (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The Franco-Soviet experiment package Signe 2 MP for solar and cosmic X and gamma ray observations, launched aboard a Soviet Prognoz satellite into a highly eccentric earth orbit is described. An uncollimated NaI detector 37 mm thick by 90 mm diameter, placed on the upper surface of the satellite faced the sun. A collimated lateral NaI detector 14 mm thick by 38 mm diameter also faced the sun, and a similar lateral detector faced the anti-solar direction. Data tapes reveal an intense solar flare up to energies of up to 5 MeV, with evidence for line emission at 2.23 MeV and possibly 4.4 MeV. The event observed was associated with the Mc Math Plage Region 15031, and an H-alpha flare of importance 2B. It is not yet clear what radio emission is associated with the X-ray observation.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center Gamma Ray Spectry. in Astrophys.; p 70-75
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 65
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Solar ultraviolet variability (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: NASA, Washington Upper Atmosphere Res. Program; p 198
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 66
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physical conditions in the solar atmosphere above an active region (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: From a series of EUV spectra obtained at several heights above the limb in a solar active region, the volume emission measure is derived as a function of the electron temperature in the temperature range 70,000-1,500,000 K and the electron density at two locations. The emission measure from the coronal material (temperature greater than 700,000 K) is nearly the same everywhere and represents most of the material in the line of sight, while the emission measure from the transition region material (temperature between 70,000 and 250,000 K) fluctuates by two orders of magnitude from position to position above the active region. This is in agreement with the picture of this active region as consisting of a number of well-defined loops or lower portions of loops at transition region temperatures that are inhomogeneously distributed in much larger and more diffuse loop structures at coronal temperatures. The coronal data are in reasonable agreement with simple coronal models. Emission measures near 1,000,000 K evaluated using different ions differ by a factor of 4, suggesting difficulties with the atomic physics data.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 240
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 67
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Morphology and spatial distribution of XUV and X-ray emissions in an active region observed from Skylab (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The morphology and spatial distribution of loops in an active region observed from Skylab are described. The active region loops were classified into hot loops with temperatures of 2 to 3 million K observed in coronal lines and X-rays, and cool loops with temperatures of 500,000 to one million K observed in transition zone lines. The brightest hot coronal loops in the active region are predominantly low-lying, compact, closely-packed, showing greater stability than the transition-zone loops, which are fewer in number, are large, and slender. The observed aspect ratio of the hot coronal loops in the range of 0.1 and 0.2 are almost two orders of magnitude larger than those of the Ne VII loops.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Solar Physics; 67; Sept
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 68
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Variation of the average 'freezing-in' temperature of oxygen ions with solar wind speed (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Observations of the average oxygen ionization equilibrium as a function of speed of the solar wind are presented. At low solar wind speeds they indicate a coronal temperature at the freezing-in point of (1.6 + or - 0.2) x 10 to the 6th K. At speeds above 450 km/sec the apparent temperature starts to rise rapidly. This rise is tentatively interpreted in terms of a lack of thermodynamic equilibrium in the source region.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters; 7; Aug. 198
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 69
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Average photospheric poloidal and toroidal magnetic field components near solar minimum (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 70
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Observations of large fluxes of He/+/ in the solar wind following an interplanetary shock (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory instrumentation on Imp 7 has detected large fluxes of He(+) within that volume of solar wind plasma believed to be the solar ejecta driving the interplanetary shock wave disturbance of July 29, 1977. The very high He(+)/He(++) abundance ratio of 0.3 measured during this event suggests that this was solar prominence material only partially ionized by its passage through the corona.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; July 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 71
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The low-frequency continuum as observed in the solar wind from ISEE 3 - Thermal electrostatic noise (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The low frequency continuum (LFC) noise between 30 and 200 kHz has been investigated from the ISEE 3 spacecraft in the solar wind by means of a radio astronomy experiment more sensitive than previously available. It is demonstrated that the LFC radiation observed in the solar wind is in the form of longitudinal plasma waves rather than transverse electromagnetic waves. The observed spectral characteristics are found to be a function of antenna length. In addition, both the absence of antenna spin modulation and the fact that these plasma waves do not propagate to large distances imply a local origin for the LFC.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; July 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 72
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Physical properties of individual coronal loops in a solar active region observed in the XUV (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The physical properties of individual coronal loops in a solar active region observed in the XUV by the slitless objective grating spectroheliograph on board Skylab are investigated. Spectroheliograms of the normal active loop region McMath 12378 reveal three distinctive structural groups of loops in different temperature ranges, namely (1) small compact and smaller loops at temperatures of about 2,000,000 K observed in Fe XV and Fe XVI; (2) large Ne VII and Mg IX loops at temperatures from 500,000 to 1,000,000 K; and (3) chromospheric ribbons in He II and H alpha. The temperature of the active region is found to be uniform at about 2,000,000 K in the loops and background while loop density is found to be 3.5 x 10 to the 9th/cu cm in the loops and 2.5 x 10 to the 9th/cu cm in the surrounding background. Significant changes in the active region are observed in 24 h, although the gross temperature density structures of many loops do not show changes in 7 min. Gas pressure within the coronal loops is found to be about 40% greater than that of the background plasma. The observed loop parameters are noted to be consistent with flux-limited models of density enhancement in magnetic flux tubes and thus no esoteric heating function is required.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 238
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 73
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Spatial distribution of XUV emission and density in a loop prominence (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The spatial distribution of XUV emission in the 14 August, 1973 loop prominence observed with the NRL spectroheliograph on Skylab is studied. The loop prominence consists of two large loops and is observed in lines from ions with temperatures ranging from 50,000 to 3,000,000 K. The loops seen in low temperature lines such as from He II, Ne VII, Mg VII, Mg VIII, and Si VIII are systematically displaced from loops seen in higher temperature lines such as from Si XII, Fe XV, and Fe XVI. The cross section of the loop, particularly in cooler lines is nearly constant along the loop. For hotter loops in Si XII, Fe XV, and Fe XVI, however, emission at the top of the loop is more intense and extended than that near the footpoints, which makes the loops appear wider at the top. The observed spatial displacement between cooler and hotter loops suggest that the 14 August loop prominence is composed of many magnetic flux tubes, each with its own temperature.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Solar Physics; 65; Mar. 198
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 74
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Evolution of solar magnetic fields - A new approach to MHD initial-boundary value problems by the method of nearcharacteristics (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A method of analysis for the MHD initial-boundary problem is presented in which the model's formulation is based on the method of nearcharacteristics developed by Werner (1968) and modified by Shin and Kot (1978). With this method, the physical causality relationship can be traced from the perturbation to the response as in the method of characteristics, while achieving the advantage of a considerable reduction in mathematical procedures. The method offers the advantage of examining not only the evolution of nonforce free fields, but also the changes of physical conditions in the atmosphere accompanying the evolution of magnetic fields. The physical validity of the method is demonstrated with examples, and their significance in interpreting observations is discussed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 240
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 75
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Giant solar flares in Antarctic ice (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A new hypothesis proposes an explanation for the presence of four prominent spikes in a long time record of the NO3(-) concentration inside the Antarctic ice. This solar flare hypothesis suggests that the ionizing radiation necessary in the spike formation could have come from extremely powerful solar flares. It is proposed that these flares would have occurred during the times of the largest maxima in the solar cycle. The solar flare hypothesis is compared with the supernova hypothesis.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Nature; 287; Sept. 25
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    High-resolution X-ray spectra of solar flares. III - General spectral properties of X1-X5 type flares (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: High-resolution X-ray spectra of six class X1-X5 solar flares are discussed. The spectra were recorded by spaceborne Bragg crystal spectrometers in the ranges 1.82-1.97, 2.98-3.07 and 3.14-3.24 A. Electron temperatures derived from dielectronic satellite line to resonance line ratios for Fe XXV and Ca XIX are found to remain fairly constant around 22,000,000 and 16,000,000 K respectively during the rise phase of the flares, then decrease by approximately 6,000,000 K during the decay phase. Nonthermal motions derived from line widths for the April 27, 1979 event are found to be greatest during the rise phase (approximately 130 km/sec) and decrease to about 60 km/sec during decay. Volume emission measures for Fe XXV, Ca XIX and Ca XX are derived from photon fluxes as a function of temperature, and examination of the intensity behavior of the Fe K alpha emission as a function of time indicates that it is a result of fluorescence. Differences between the present and previous observations of temperature variation are discussed, and it is concluded that the flare plasmas are close to ionization equilibrium for the flares investigated.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 239
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 77
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Quantitative representation of nonrepetitive temporal behavior (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Analytical representations suitable to analyze the nonrepetitive pulse-like temporal behavior of physical quantities are derived. The representation utilizes solutions of a linear model equation in which the temporal variation is subject to time-dependent driving and dissipative forces. The property of solutions is described, and it is shown that such representations can provide a basis for quantitative comparisons of behaviors and a basis for physically meaningful interpretations of the results. Observations of solar flares in the soft X-ray flux have been analyzed with this method.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Physics of Fluids; 23; July 198
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Atomic data for S IV and solar observations of the 3x/2/3p /2/P-3s3p/2/ /4/P multiplet (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: High resolution observations of intersystem lines of S IV near 1400 A are available from Skylab. These lines are potentially useful as density diagnostics for the solar atmosphere. Energy levels, transition probabilities and collision strengths have, therefore, been calculated for S IV, including the configurations 3x(2)3p, 3s3p(2), and 3s(2)3d. Line intensities and level populations have been calculated as a function of electron density. The calculated population of the 3s3p(2) (4)P(5/2) level is found to reach a pseudo-Boltzmann equilibrium at a density which is four times higher than is inferred from solar spectra and level population calculations of lighter ions such as O IV.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics; 86; 1-2,; June 198
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 79
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The coronal spectra of Fe XV and Ni XVII (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Predicted allowed and forbidden EUV line intensities of Fe XV and Ni XVII are presented in explicit graphical form, clarifying and extending the earlier treatment of Bely and Blaha (1968). In the case of the former ion a detailed comparison with available observations leads to questioning or rejection of some presently accepted line identifications (323.57 A, 317.61 A), and on the other hand suggests that a quiet sun line at 304.853 A is due to Fe XV. For the little known ion Ni XVII estimates of level structure and line wavelengths are given and a preliminary comparison is made with recent flare observations.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Solar Physics; 65; Feb. 198
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 80
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    An empirical polytrope law for solar wind thermal electrons between 0.45 and 4.76 AU - Voyager 2 and Mariner 10 (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: In this paper empirical evidence is presented that between 0.4 and 5 AU the thermal portion (but not all) of the solar wind electron population obeys a polytrope relation. It is also shown that this functional relationship is a member of a broader class of possible laws required of a steady state, fully ionized plasma whose proper frame electric field is dominated by the polarization electric field. The empirically determined, thermodynamically interesting value of the polytrope index (1.175) is virtually that predicted (1.16) by the theoretical considerations of Scudder and Olbert (1979). Strong, direct, empirical evidence for the nearly isothermal behavior of solar wind electrons as has been indirectly argued in the literature for some time is provided.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; Oct. 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 81
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Hydromagnetic wavelike phenomena from Helios time delay measurements by remote sensing (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A survey of the electron content measurements during solar occultations of the Helios A and B spacecraft is presented, and a spectral analysis using the method of maximum entropy is discussed. Typical variations measured are on the order of 0.1-1.8 x 10 to the 18th/sq m, while typical values for the rate of change are 0.7-50 x 10 to the 13th per sq m per sec. Numerical results in agreement with findings from Helios radio science, reveal a fundamental period of about 70 minutes superimposed by minor spectral peaks corresponding to shorter time periods such as 35 and 25 minutes. In addition, the periodicities observed in electron content are discussed in terms of fast hydromagnetic waves excited by nonlinear Alfven waves via coupling terms before crossing the Helios ray path. It is noted that for the first time experimental evidence is presented that hydromagnetic waves may actually be propagating from the solar corona into the interplanetary medium.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 82
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Microscale instabilities in stream interaction regions (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A theoretical investigation of the microstructure of solar wind stream interaction regions is presented. The role of several electrostatic kinetic instabilities is discussed which may be important within the stream interface and the compression region. Inside of 1 AU the interface is likely to be stable against the electrostatic streaming instabilities considered. Between 1 and 2 AU it is argued that the interface will excite the magnetized ion-ion instability. The compression region is also found to be unstable beyond 1 AU, where the modified two-stream instability, beam-cyclotron instability, and ion-acoustic instability will be important in determining the structure of the compressive pulses as they evolve into forward and reverse shocks. It is concluded that the modified two-stream instability and beam-cyclotron instability predominately play a role in heating the electrons to the threshold for the ion-acoustic instability.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; Feb. 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 83
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A three-dimensional model of corotating streams in the solar wind. II - Hydrodynamic streams (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Theoretical aspects of corotating solar wind dynamics on a global scale are examined by means of numerical simulations executed with a nonlinear, inviscid, adiabatic, single fluid, three-dimensional hydrodynamic formulation. The factors most strongly affecting stream evolution, namely, the intrinsic correlations among density, temperature, and velocity existing near the source, the amplitude, longitudinal breadth and latitudinal breadth of the stream, and the heliographic latitude of the centroid of the stream, are considered. Calculations indicate that even in the presence of substantial meridional gradients, the latitudinal transport of mass, energy, and momentum by streams appears to have little impact on the overall evolution of the structure.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; Feb. 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 84
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Measurements of extreme-ultraviolet emission-line profiles near the solar limb (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Line profiles of optically thin extreme-ultraviolet emission lines observed in a quiet sun region at positions within and above the white-light limb with the NRL slit spectrograph (S082-B) on Skylab are discussed. Absolute line intensities and full widths at half-maximum are presented for lines formed over the temperature range from about 10,000 to 22,000 K. The line intensities are compared with the predictions of simple atmospheric models consisting of a spicule component and a thin spherically symmetric or network models, but can be explained by assuming that the emission arises from spicule-like inhomogeneities. Random mass-motion velocities are calculated. The velocity increases with increasing temperature of line formation. Near the limb and above about 4000 K the calculated velocity is consistent with the predictions of a constant acoustic flux passing through the transition zone. For the ions formed at temperatures not less than about 63,000 K, the velocity is found to increase with increasing height above the white-light limb.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 226
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 85
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Resonant absorption of Alfvenic surface waves and the heating of solar coronal loops (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A first-order mass- and energy-balance model is developed for steady-state EUV 'coronal rain' loops that are not associated with postflare events and are often seen over sunspot umbrae. The model disregards variations in a loop's thermodynamic and magnetic properties along magnetic-field lines and yields average properties of the resonant absorption sheath, the boundary layer, and the loop's interior. Both irreversible heating by Alfvenic surface waves and energy transport via induced boundary-layer convection are taken into account in the analysis. Results that include predictions of the temperatures of the sheath and the boundary-layer plasma, the temperature of the interior plasma, the radiative output of the loop, and the filling factor associated with this radiation are given in terms of the period and velocity amplitude of the relevant surface wave as well as various parameters that characterize a typical 'coronal rain' loop. These results are shown to be consistent with the observed minimum and maximum temperatures as well as the radiative output of typical 'coronal rain' loops.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 226
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 86
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    EUV spectra from Skylab /1175-1940 A/ - Mass motions in the transition zone in regions of solar activity (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The profiles of spectral lines in the 1100-2000-A range emitted by transition-zone ions in regions of solar activity are discussed. The data were recorded by the NRL spectrograph on Skylab. At the spatial resolution of the Skylab spectrograph (2 x 60 arcsec), it is shown that the line profiles result from the superposed emission of a number of physically distinct regions at different electron densities and with different mass motions. Although high densities are found for some surgelike phenomena at transition-zone temperatures, the densities can also be comparable to normal active-region densities. Line profiles, as well as spectral line intensities, must be considered if meaningful theoretical models of dynamic activity in the transition zone are to be constructed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics; 69; 1, Se; Sept
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 87
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The composition of corotating energetic particle streams (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The relative abundances of 1.5-23 MeV per nucleon ions in corotating nucleon streams are compared with ion abundances in particle events associated with solar flares and with solar and solar wind abundances. He/O and C/O ratios are found to be a factor of the order 2-3 greater in corotating streams than in flare-associated events. The distribution of H/He ratios in corotating streams is found to be much narrower and of lower average value than in flare-associated events. H/He in corotating energetic particle streams compares favorably in both lack of variability and numerical value with H/He in high-speed solar wind plasma streams. The lack of variability suggests that the source population for the corotating energetic particles is the solar wind, a suggestion consistent with acceleration of the corotating particles in interplanetary space.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 224
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 88
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Impulsive solar X-ray bursts (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A set of 22 simple impulsive solar flares, identified in the OSO 5 hard X-ray data, has been analyzed together with coincident microwave and meter-wave radio observations. The rise times and fall times of the X-ray bursts are found to be highly correlated and effectively equal, strongly suggesting a flare-energizing mechanism that is reversible. The good time resolution available for these observations reveals that the microwave emission is influenced by an additional process, evident in the tendency of the microwave emission to peak later and decay more slowly than the symmetric X-ray bursts. Meter-wave emission is observed in coincidence with five events which also show strong time correlation between the X-ray and microwave burst structure. This meter-wave emission is characterized by U-burst radiation, indicating confinement of the flare source. The relationship found between the X-ray burst duration and the calculated flare diameter, together with the thermal character of the X-ray spectra, gives additional support to the hypothesis that the impulsive component is driven by adiabatic compression and expansion of a magnetically confined plasma which is the common primary source of both X-ray and microwave emission.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 223
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Densities in the quiet sun and polar coronal holes from EUV line ratios involving O III /1666.15 A/ (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 226
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Sources of magnetic fields in recurrent interplanetary streams (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The paper examines sources of magnetic fields in recurrent streams observed by the Imp 8 and Heos spacecraft at 1 AU and by Mariner 10 en route to Mercury between October 31, 1973 and February 9, 1974, during Carrington rotations 1607-1610. Although most fields and plasmas at 1 AU were related to coronal holes and the magnetic field lines were open in those holes, some of the magnetic fields and plasmas at 1 AU were related to open field line regions on the sun which were not associated with known coronal holes, indicating that open field lines may be more basic than coronal holes as sources of the solar wind. Magnetic field intensities in five equatorial coronal holes, certain photospheric magnetic fields, and the coronal footprints of the sector boundaries on the source surface are characterized.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; Sept. 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 91
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Limb-brightening observations from the OSO-7 satellite. III - Comparison of EUV line intensities of Fe XII, Fe XI, Fe XV, Si X and S XII, Si IX and S XI with predictions (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Continuing a study of heliocentric dependence of EUV emission line intensities observed by the Goddard OSO-7 spectroheliograph in 1972, the variation of lines of the ions Fe XII, Fe XI, Fe XV, Si X and S XII, Si IX and S XI is compared with the results of individual calculations for these ions, including theoretical intensities presented for Fe XII and Fe XI. Agreement is found to be good for Fe XII and reasonable for some of the lines of the other ions which in general are weaker in intensity. Several apparent anomalies are found however which may be due to unknown line components near the wavelengths observed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics; 67; 1, Ju; June 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 92
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    An instability of finite amplitude circularly polarized Alfven waves (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A demonstration is presented that a finite-amplitude circularly-polarized Alfven wave is generally unstable in a MHD fluid. The wave decays by a four-wave coupling process in which the daughter waves are forward propagating random density and magnetic fluctuations and a backward-propagating magnetic wave. For parameters typical of the solar corona and the solar wind (thermal to magnetic energy density ratios between 0.1 and 1, and values between 0.1 and 0.9 for the ratio of magnetic energy density of the initial Alfven wave to that of the background magnetic field), large decay rates are found.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 219
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 93
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Electron densities in solar flare and active region plasmas from a density-sensitive line ratio of Fe IX (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 219
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 94
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Direct observation of the latitudinal extent of a high-speed stream in the solar wind (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The latitudinal boundaries of stationary fast solar wind streams emerging from equatorward extensions of the sun's polar coronal holes are studied. Simultaneous data from the Helios 1 and Imp spacecraft at different heliographic latitudes are compared. The measured latitudinal speed gradient of 30 km/s/deg shows that large angular speed gradients occur at the leading edges of fast streams and also with respect to latitude. The data indicate that longitudinal speed gradients are steeper near 0.3 AU than at 1.0 AU. Generally, regions with large angular speed gradients are observed to separate fast streams from the surrounding slower plasma. This suggests the existence of mechanisms which diminish longitudinal speed gradients as the plasma travels toward 1.0 AU. It also seems that the distribution of solar wind speeds on a near-sun spherical surface has large mesalike high-speed regions. Comparisons of Helios 1 and Imp data with corona observations supports the hypothesis that high-speed solar wind streams emerge from coronal holes.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; Mar. 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 95
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Solar wind stream interfaces (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Results are presented for a superposed epoch analysis of discontinuous solar wind interfaces. The average time-space profiles of stream interfaces are discussed with reference to fluid properties (flow speed, pressure ridge, density, electron and proton temperatures) and kinetic properties (electron core and halo, flow speed fluctuations, electron heat flux, alpha particles). Other aspects of stream interfaces are described, such as the persistence of individual interfaces, shock associations, the sector boundaries of the interplanetary magnetic field, and sudden impulses in the geomagnetic field. Interface position is considered in terms of the observed temperature jump. A conceptual model of high-speed stream evolution is proposed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; Apr. 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    The electron density at 10 to the 5th K in different regions of the solar atmosphere derived from an intersystem line of O IV (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astronomy and Astrophysics; 65; 2, Ap; Apr. 197
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 97
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    A phenomenological model of solar flares (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The energy of solar flares is derived from the magnetic energy of fields convected to the sun's surface and subsequently converted to heat and energetic particles within the chromosphere. The circumstances of this conversion in most current models is magnetic flux annihilation at a neutral sheet. An analysis is conducted of the constraints of flux annihilation. It is shown that the present evidence of solar cosmic rays, X-rays, gamma-rays, and total energy suggests a choice of annihilation not at a neutral point, but by an enhanced dissipation of a field-aligned current. The field configuration is related both to its origin and to the extensive theory and laboratory experiments concerned with this configuration in magnetic fusion. The magnetic field model is applied to the August 4 flare. It is shown how the plasma heating in the annihilation region balanced by thermal conduction leads to a plasma temperature of about 20 million deg K.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 221
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Spectrum of mean free paths near earth in the solar cosmic ray event of April 29, 1973 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; June 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Long-term variations of selected solar wind properties - IMP 6, 7, and 8 results (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Studies of the variability of the solar wind are extended to include the minimum of solar cycle 20; attention is given to the He abundance, the relative He-H velocity difference, the He-H temperature ratio, the solar coronal proton density, speed, rms velocity variation, temperature and number flux, and the kinetic and total energy fluxes. The solar wind data are from observations conducted by the IMP-6, -7 and -8 satellites. A well-developed corotating stream structure appearing in January 1973 and disappearing in mid-1976 receives particular consideration. An increase in proton number and total energy fluxes after September 1972 may be due to areal expansion of both polar coronal holes, and may be associated with compression of the low-speed equatorial disk-shaped region postulated to surround the sun in interplanetary space.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 83; May 1
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    High-resolution X-ray spectra of solar flares. IV - General spectral properties of M type flares (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The spectral characteristics in selected narrow regions of the X-ray spectrum of class M solar flares are analyzed. High-resolution spectra in the ranges 1.82-1.97, 2.98-3.07, 3.14-3.24 and 8.26-8.53 A, which contain lines important for the determination of electron temperature and departure from ionization equilibrium, were recorded by spaceborne Bragg crystal spectrometers. Temperatures of up to 20,000,000 K are obtained from line ratios during flare rise phases in M as well as X flares, while in the decay phase the calcium temperature can be as low as 8,000,000 K, which is significantly lower than in X flares. Large nonthermal motions (on the order of 130 km/sec at most) are also observed in M as well as X flares, which are largest during the soft X-ray rise phase. Finally, it is shown that the method proposed by Gabriel and Phillips (1979) for detecting departures of electrons from Maxwellian velocity distributions is not sufficiently sensitive to give reliable results for the present data.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 241
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...