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  • Kinetics  (27)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (27)
  • Wiley
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (27)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1978  (27)
  • 1977
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (27)
  • Wiley
  • Springer  (9)
Years
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (27)
  • 1950-1954
Year
  • 1
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    The biology of oxygen radicals (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: The reactive superoxide radical, O2-, formerly of concern only to radiation chemists and radiobiologists, is now understood to be a normal product of the biological reduction of molecular oxygen. An unusual family of enzymes, the superoxide dismutases, protect against the deleterious actions of this radical by catalyzing its dismutation to hydrogen peroxide plus oxygen.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fridovich, I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):875-80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210504" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Binding Sites ; Catalase/metabolism ; Free Radicals ; Inflammation/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Metals ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen/*metabolism ; Paraquat/pharmacology ; Peroxidases/metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase/*metabolism ; Superoxides/*metabolism/toxicity
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    beta-Adrenergic receptors in aged rat brain: reduced number and capacity of pineal gland to develop supersensitivity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-07
    Description: The density but not the affinity of beta-adrenergic receptors declined significantly with age in rat pineal gland, corpus striatum, and cerebellum, as determined by the binding of tritiated dihydroalprenolol. Exposing rats to light for 12 hours increased the binding of this radioligand in 3-month-old but not in 24-month-old rats. The reduced responsiveness to catecholamines seen in aging may be due to a decrease in the number of beta-adrenergic receptors which, in turn, may be caused by an impaired capacity of receptors in aged animals to adapt to changes in adrenergic neuronal input.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Greenberg, L H -- Weiss, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 7;201(4350):61-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208145" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Alprenolol/analogs & derivatives/metabolism ; Animals ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebellum/metabolism ; Circadian Rhythm ; Corpus Striatum/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Light ; Male ; Neuroglia/metabolism ; Pineal Gland/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*metabolism
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  • 3
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    S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase is an adenosine-binding protein: a target for adenosine toxicity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: When adenosine deaminase activity is inhibited, low concentrations of adenosine are toxic to human lymphoblast mutants that are unable to convert adenosine to intracellular nucleotides. In order to identify the mediator of this cytotoxicity, we searched for a cytoplasmic protein capable of binding adenosine with high affinity. Such a protein was identified in extracts of human lymphoblasts and placenta as the enzyme S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hershfield, M S -- Krodich, N M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):757-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715439" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine/*metabolism ; Adenosine Deaminase/*deficiency ; Carrier Proteins/*metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrolases/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Nucleoside Deaminases/*deficiency ; Placenta/metabolism ; Pregnancy ; S-Adenosylhomocysteine/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 4
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    Cocaine plasma concentration: relation to physiological and subjective effects in humans (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-13
    Description: Volunteer subjects with previous histories of cocaine use were administered cocaine hydrochloride intravenously or intranasally. There was a positive relationship between peak plasma concentration, physiological and subjective responses, and dose administered. The rate of cocaine disappearance after intravenous administration paralleled the drop in physiological and subjective drug effects. After intranasal administration, blood levels remained elevated for a considerably longer period.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Javaid, J I -- Fischman, M W -- Schuster, C R -- Dekirmenjian, H -- Davis, J M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 13;202(4364):227-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/694530" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Intranasal ; Cocaine/administration & dosage/*blood/*pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Euphoria/*drug effects ; Heart Rate/drug effects ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kinetics ; Metabolic Clearance Rate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 5
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    Far-ultraviolet stopped-flow circular dichroism (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: A stopped-flow circular dichroism instrument, with a total accessible wavelength range of 200 to 750 nanometers, has been constructed and provides a spectroscopic method for kinetic investigations of a wide array of fast reactions in which optical activity changes in absorbing regions are involved. An important biochemical application depends on the far-ultraviolet capability, which allows observation of the rapid alterations in backbone conformation associated with folding and unfolding reactions of proteins. Results obtained by following two such reactions at 222 nanometers represent direct monitoring by circular dichroism of rapid secondary structure changes in proteins.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Luchins, J -- Beychok, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):425-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619462" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Circular Dichroism ; Hemoglobins ; Kinetics ; Methemoglobin ; *Protein Conformation ; Protein Denaturation ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet/methods ; *Spectrum Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Jaundice phototherapy: micro flow-cell photometry reveals rapid biliary response of Gunn rats to light (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Hepatic pigment clearance in rats can be followed continuously with photometric detectors designed for high-pressure liquid chromatography. This method showed that light has a fast effect on bilirubin metabolism in homozygous Gunn rats, even at low doses and intensities. This is consistent with geometric isomerization of bilirubin IXalpha as a primary step in phototherapy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McDonagh, A F -- Ramonas, L M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):829-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/581101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bile/metabolism ; Bilirubin/blood/*metabolism/radiation effects ; *Disease Models, Animal ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jaundice, Neonatal/*therapy ; Kinetics ; Liver/metabolism ; *Phototherapy ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Enhancement of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease activity by mercaptoethanol (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-10
    Description: Incubation of ribonuclease with 0.1M mercaptoethanol at pH 8.5 can increase the enzyme's hydrolytic activity toward cytidine 2',3'-monophosphate (cyclic CMP) under standard assay conditions. Cation-exchange chromatography of the ribonuclease-thiol reaction mixture revealed seven fractions. The fraction with the highest activity had an approximate tenfold decrease in the apparent Michaelis constant for cyclic CMP with respect to native ribonuclease. The enhanced activity is a metastable property since this fraction reverts back to the control activity and chromatographic behavior of native ribonuclease on standing in solution at room temperature.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Watkins, J B -- Benz, F W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 10;199(4333):1084-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/564548" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Disulfides/pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Glutathione/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Mercaptoethanol/*pharmacology ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Pancreas/enzymology ; Protein Conformation ; Ribonucleases/*metabolism ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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  • 8
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    Presynaptic alpha-receptor subsensitivity after long-term antidepressant treatment (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: After 3 weeks of twice-daily administration of desipramine to rats, the frequency-response curve for field stimulation of adrenergic neurons in isolated left atrial strips was shifted markedly to the left and the efflux of [3H]norepinephrine was enhanced greatly. After 1 day of treatment, only slight shifts in the frequency-response curve and small increases in [3H]norepinephrine efflux occurred although inhibition of [3H]norepinephrine uptake was already maximal, and phenoxybenzamine caused a further shift to the left in the frequency-response curve similar to that which occurred after 3 weeks of desipramine treatment alone. A gradual decrease in the sensitivity of the presynaptic alpha receptor would explain the delay in the onset of the linical effect of the tricyclic antidepressants.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Crews, F T -- Smith, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/211589" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Desipramine/*pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Phenoxybenzamine/pharmacology ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha/*drug effects ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/drug effects ; Synaptic Membranes/drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects ; Time Factors
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  • 9
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    Potassium activation associated with intraneuronal free calcium (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-04-28
    Description: Relations between calcium entry and activation of a calcium-dependent outward current during depolarization were examined under voltage clamp in dorid giant neurons injected with the calcium-sensitive photoprotein aequorin. Activation kinetics and amplitude of the slow calcium-dependent component were both found to be related to the rate and extent of free calcium accumulation and to the electromotive force acting on potassium ions, independent of the calcium activation kinetics. This indicates that the activation of the calcium-dependent outward current is more closely related to the transient intracellular accumulation of free calcium ions than to the movement of calcium through the plasma membrane during depolarization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Eckert, R -- Tillotson, D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 28;200(4340):437-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Mollusca ; Neurilemma/physiology ; Neurons/*metabolism ; Potassium/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    Entry of insulin into human cultured lymphocytes: electron microscope autoradiographic analysis (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-17
    Description: Electron microscope autoradiographs were prepared of IM-9 human cultured lymphocytes incubated with iodine-125-labeled insulin. With the use of [125I]insulin and Ilford L-4 emulsion, the technique had a resolution half-distance of approximately 0.085 micrometer. Autoradiographs revealed a time-dependent entry of insulin into the cell interior that was maximal after 30 minutes of incubation. At this time point nearly 40 percent of the [125I]insulin was in the interior of the cell at a distance 1 micrometer or greater from the plasma membrane. Grain distribution and volume density analyses revealed that the intracellular insulin was concentrated in the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goldfine, I D -- Jones, A L -- Hradek, G T -- Wong, K Y -- Mooney, J S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 17;202(4369):760-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715440" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Autoradiography ; Biological Transport ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Humans ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Lymphocytes/*metabolism
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  • 11
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    Intracellular translocation of iodine-125-labeled insulin: direct demonstration in isolated hepatocytes (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-19
    Description: Insulin labeled with iodine-125 binds to receptors on isolated rat hepatocytes. At low temperatures initial binding is restricted to the plasma membrane as detected by direct quantitative autoradiographic analysis with the electron microscope. With increasing time and temperature of incubation there is a systematic and progressive translocation of autoradiographic grains to a highly limited area of the cell periphery representing no more than 15% of the radius of the cell.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gorden, P -- Carpentier, J L -- Freychet, P -- LeCam, A -- Orci, L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):782-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/644321" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Endocytosis ; Insulin/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism/ultrastructure ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Molecular Weight ; Rats ; Receptor, Insulin/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 12
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    Slow axonal transport of neurofilament proteins: impairment of beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile administration (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: beta,beta'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) administration prevented normal slow axonal transport of [35S]methionine- or [3H]leucine-labeled proteins in rat sciatic motor axons. Ultrastructural and electrophoretic studies showed that the neurofilament triplet proteins in particular were retained within the initial 5 millimeters of the axons, resulting in neurofilament-filled axonal swellings. Fast anterograde and retrograde axonal transport were not affected. The IDPN thus selectively impaired slow axonal transport. The neurofibrillary pathology in this model is the result of the defective slow transport of neurofilaments.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Griffin, J W -- Hoffman, P N -- Clark, A W -- Carroll, P T -- Price, D L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):633-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/81524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Axonal Transport/*drug effects ; Kinetics ; Molecular Weight ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*metabolism ; Neurofibrils/metabolism/ultrastructure ; Nitriles/*pharmacology/toxicity ; Sciatic Nerve/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 13
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    Rod-cone dysplasia in Irish setters: a defect in cyclic GMP metabolism in visual cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: An abnormality in retinal guanosine 3,5-monophosphate (cyclic GMP) metabolism is demonstrated in the inherited rod-cone dysplasis of Irish Setter dogs. Affected visual cells are deficient in cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase activity and have elevated levels of cyclic GMP. The biochemical abnormalities observed in affected retinas of Irish Setters are similar to those in the retinas of mice with inherited retinal degeneration before visual cell degeneration begins. A defect in cyclic GMP metabolism may be characteristic of early-onset degenerative diseases of the retina, possibly including those that affect humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Aquirre, G -- Farber, D -- Lolley, R -- Fletcher, R T -- Chader, G J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1133-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210508" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases/*deficiency ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Chromosome Aberrations/genetics/metabolism/pathology/veterinary ; Chromosome Disorders ; Cyclic GMP/*metabolism ; Dog Diseases/genetics/*metabolism/pathology ; Dogs ; Kinetics ; Mice ; Photoreceptor Cells/metabolism/pathology ; Retina/enzymology/*metabolism/pathology ; Retinal Degeneration/genetics/metabolism/pathology/*veterinary
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  • 14
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    Muscle crossbridge stroke and activity revealed by optical diffraction (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-17
    Description: Optical diffraction measurements during rapid releases of active toad muscle show that the sarcomeres contract within 1 millisecond by an amount up to but not greater than 12 nanometers. This crossbridges immediately start cycling to produce the normal contraction velocity in unloaded muscle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barden, J A -- Mason, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 17;199(4334):1212-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/415364" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bufo marinus ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; *Muscle Contraction ; Muscles/*ultrastructure ; Scattering, Radiation ; Tendons/physiology
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  • 15
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    Models for the specific adhesion of cells to cells (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-12
    Description: A theoretical framework is proposed for the analysis of adhesion between cells or of cells to surfaces when the adhesion is mediated by reversible bonds between specific molecules such as antigen and antibody, lectin and carbohydrate, or enzyme and substrate. From a knowledge of the reaction rates for reactants in solution and of their diffusion constants both in solution and on membranes, it is possible to estimate reaction rates for membrane-bound reactants. Two models are developed for predicting the rate of bond formation between cells and are compared with experiments. The force required to separate two cells is shown to be greater than the expected electrical forces between cells, and of the same order of magnitude as the forces required to pull gangliosides and perhaps some integral membrane proteins out of the cell membrane.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bell, G I -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 12;200(4342):618-27.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/347575" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; *Cell Adhesion ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Chemistry, Physical ; Electrophysiology ; Enzymes/physiology ; Glycoproteins/physiology ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Membrane Proteins/physiology ; *Models, Biological ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Receptors, Drug/physiology
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  • 16
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    Light stimulates tyrosine hydroxylase activity and dopamine synthesis in retinal amacrine neurons (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-24
    Description: Retinal dopamine-containing amacrine neurons are rapidly activated by light, as shown by an increase in the rate of dopamine formation in vivo and a concomitant increase in the activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, measured in vitro with a subsaturating concentration of pteridine cofactor. Activation of tyrosine hydroxylase also occurs when isolated eyes from rats killed in the dark are exposed to a strobe light. Studies of amacrine neurons should provide basic data about the biochemical processing of visual information, as well as the physiological presynaptic regulatory mechanisms of dopamine-containing neurons.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Iuvone, P M -- Galli, C L -- Garrison-Gund, C K -- Neff, N H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 24;202(4370):901-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30997" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Circadian Rhythm ; Dopamine/*biosynthesis ; Enzyme Activation/radiation effects ; Kinetics ; *Light ; Male ; Neurons/metabolism ; Rats ; Retina/cytology/enzymology/*metabolism ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase/*biosynthesis
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  • 17
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    Polypeptide hormones: what are they doing in cells? (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-08
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kolata, G B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 8;201(4359):895-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/210505" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Biological Transport ; Cells/*metabolism ; Chorionic Gonadotropin/metabolism ; Epidermal Growth Factor/metabolism ; Hormones/*metabolism ; Insulin/metabolism ; Kinetics ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Receptor, Insulin/immunology ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 18
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    Rapid changes in brain benzodiazepine receptors after experimental seizures (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-24
    Description: Seizures induced in the rat by electroshock or by injections of pentylenetetrazol increase the specific binding of diazepam to putative receptor sites in cerebral cortical membranes. The enhancement of diazepam binding results from a rapid increase in the number of available binding sites rather than a change in receptor affinity. The postictal increase in cortical benzodiazepine receptors suggests that the cerebral cortex might be more sensitive to the anticonvulsant effects of the benzodiazepines after seizures. This observation may be related to the mechanism of action of these drugs in the treatment of recurrent seizures such as status epilepticus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paul, S M -- Skolnick, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 24;202(4370):892-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715447" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anoxia/metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Brain/*metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Diazepam/*metabolism ; Electroshock ; Kinetics ; Male ; Pentylenetetrazole ; Rats ; Receptors, Drug/*metabolism ; Seizures/*metabolism ; Synaptosomes/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 19
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    Sickling rates of human AS red cells infected in vitro with Plasmodium falciparum malaria (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-11-10
    Description: The kinetics of sickling of malaria-infected red cells from humans with sickle cell trait were studied in vitro in an attempt to obtain direct experimental evidence for a selective advantage of the hemoglobin S heterozygote in a malarious region. The sickling rates of cells infected with Plasmodium falciparum and of non-infected cells were studied both in the total absence of oxygen (by dithionite addition) and at several different concentrations of oxyhemoglobin which might obtain in vivo. In all cases, red cells containing small plasmodium parasite forms (ring forms) sickled approximately eight times as readily as uninfected cells. Cells containing large parasitic forms (trophozoites and schizonts) appeared to sickle less readily than uninfected cells, by light microscopy criteria, but electron micrographs demonstrated the presence of polymerized deoxyhemoglobin S with a high frequency. It is concluded that enhanced sickling of plasmodium-infected AS cells may be one mechanism whereby the hemoglobin S polymorphism is balanced in favor of the heterozygote.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Roth, E F Jr -- Friedman, M -- Ueda, Y -- Tellez, I -- Trager, W -- Nagel, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Nov 10;202(4368):650-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/360396" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia, Sickle Cell/*parasitology ; Erythrocytes, Abnormal/*parasitology ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Malaria/*blood ; Plasmodium falciparum ; Sickle Cell Trait/parasitology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 20
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    Time-resolved resonance raman spectroscopy of hemoglobin derivatives: heme structure changes in 7 nanoseconds (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-01
    Description: Resonance Raman spectra of oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and the corresponding myoglobin derivatives have been obtained with 7-nanosecond laser pulses at 531.8 nanometers. The results suggest that no transient constraint of the heme group by the globin structure occurs on this time scale, and thus establish a temporal sequence for the early events that may participate in the stereochemical trigger mechanism of hemoglobin cooperativity.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Woodruff, W H -- Farquharson, S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 1;201(4358):831-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/684409" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allosteric Regulation ; Carboxyhemoglobin ; *Heme ; *Hemoglobins ; Kinetics ; Myoglobin ; Oxyhemoglobins ; Spectrum Analysis, Raman
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  • 21
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    Subpicosecond spectroscopy of bacteriorhodopsin (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-16
    Description: Subpicosecond pulses have been used to study the ultrafast dynamics of the photochemistry of bacteriorhodopsin. An optically induced absorption that appears in about 1.0 picosecond at physiological temperatures has been resolved in time. The data can be interpreted in terms of the photochemical formation of bathobacteriorhodopsin and provide support for an excitation mechanisms involving molecular rearrangement in the protein induced by electron redistribution in the chromophore.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ippen, E P -- Shank, C V -- Lewis, A -- Marcus, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 16;200(4347):1279-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663607" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Bacteriorhodopsins ; Biological Transport, Active ; *Carotenoids ; Halobacterium ; Kinetics ; Lasers ; Photochemistry ; Protons ; Spectrum Analysis ; Temperature
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 22
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    Tumor-promoting phorbol esters inhibit binding of epidermal growth factor to cellular receptors (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-10-20
    Description: Tumor-promoting phorbol esters and related plant macrocyclic diterpenes inhibit the binding of epidermal growth factor to its receptors on HeLa cells. This effect shows marked structural specificity and correlates with other biological effects of these compounds on mouse skin and in cell culture systems. The active compounds inhibited binding of 125I-labeled epidermal growth factor with a 50 per-cent effective dose in the range of 10(-8) to 10(-9) M. Inhibition appears to be due to a decrease in the number of available epidermal growth factor receptors rather than a change in receptor affinity. These results suggest that certain biologic effects of tumor promoters may result from alterations in the function of cell surface receptors involved in growth regulation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, L S -- Weinstein, I B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Oct 20;202(4365):313-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/308698" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Binding, Competitive ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Epidermal Growth Factor/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Kinetics ; Peptides/*metabolism ; Phorbol Esters/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Phorbols/*metabolism ; Receptors, Drug/drug effects/*metabolism ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/metabolism
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 23
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    Fasting decreases triiodothyronine receptor capacity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-10
    Description: Fasting decreases the ratio of hepatic nuclear to serum triiodothyronine (T3) by diminishing the binding capacity of nuclear T3 receptors. In combination with the lower serum T3 concentration caused by fasting, the decrease in receptor content results in a marked decrease in nuclear T3-receptor complexes. The changes in T3 receptor content and circulating T3 in fasted animals appear to be independent synergistic adaptations for caloric conservation in the fasted state. Unlike changes in hormonal level, the modification of nuclear receptor content provides a mechanism that may protect cells with a low caloric reserve independently of the metabolic status of the whole animal.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schussler, G C -- Orlando, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 10;199(4329):686-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/204004" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; *Fasting ; Female ; Kinetics ; Liver/*metabolism ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*metabolism ; Triiodothyronine/blood/*metabolism
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  • 24
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    The glycosylation of hemoglobin: relevance to diabetes mellitus (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-04-07
    Description: Glucose reacts nonenzymatically with the NH2-terminal amino acid of the beta chain of human hemoglobin by way of a ketoamine linkage, resulting in the formation of hemoglobin AIc. Other minor components appear to be adducts of glucose 6-phosphate and fructose 1,6-diphosphate. These hemoglobins are formed slowly and continuously throughout the 120-day life-span of the red cell. There is a two- to threefold increase in hemoglobin AIc in the red cells of patients with diabetes mellitus. By providing an integrated measurement of blood glucose, hemoglobin AIc is useful in assessing the degree of diabetic control. Furthermore, this hemoglobin is a useful model of nonenzymatic glycosylation of other proteins that may be involved in the long-term complications of the disease.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bunn, H F -- Gabbay, K H -- Gallop, P M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Apr 7;200(4337):21-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/635569" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Diabetes Complications ; Diabetes Mellitus/*blood/diagnosis ; Diphosphoglyceric Acids/blood ; Glycosides/blood ; Glycosuria/etiology ; Hemoglobin A/*metabolism ; Hemoglobins/*analysis/*metabolism ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Oxygen/blood ; Structure-Activity Relationship
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 25
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    Pressure-adaptive differences in lactate dehydrogenases of congeneric fishes living at different depths (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-07-21
    Description: The muscle-type (M4) lactate dehydrogenases of Sebastolobus altivelis, a deep-water scorpaenid, and S. alascanus, a shallower species, are electrophoretically indistinguishable, yet differ in pressure sensitivities. The lactate dehydrogenase of S. altivelis exhibits lower pressure sensitivities of substrate and coenzyme binding and catalytic rate. Such apparently pressure-adaptive kinetic properties may be important for establishing species depth zonation patterns in the ocean.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Siebenaller, J -- Somero, G N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jul 21;201(4352):255-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/208149" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Adaptation, Biological ; Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Fishes/*physiology ; *Hydrostatic Pressure ; Isoenzymes ; Kinetics ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/*metabolism ; Muscles/enzymology ; NAD/metabolism ; *Pressure ; Pyruvates/metabolism ; Species Specificity ; Temperature
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  • 26
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    Membrane enzymes: artifacts in Arrhenius plots due to temperature dependence of substrate-binding affinity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 1978-02-24
    Description: For the membrane sodium-stimulated magnesium-adenosinetriphosphatase of Acholeplasma laidlawii B both the Vmax and Km values in the Michaelis equation very strongly with temperature. Simulations of Arrhenius plots show that an enzyme with a temperature-dependent Km can yield a variety of Arrhenius plot artifacts, most notably erroneous "breaks," if activity is assayed at a fixed substrate concentration.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Silvius, J R -- Read, B D -- McElhaney, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Feb 24;199(4331):902-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/146257" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acholeplasma laidlawii/enzymology ; Adenosine Triphosphatases/*metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Magnesium/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Membranes/*enzymology ; Temperature ; Thermodynamics
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 27
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    Dopaminergic inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission as a model for studies on dopamine receptor mechanisms (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-27
    Description: Dopamine and apomorphine produced concentration-dependent inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission in the isolated, perfused, rabbit ear artery. The inhibitory action of both dopamine and apomorphine was competitively antagonized by haloperidol and several other antipsychotic drugs. The calculated affinities of these drugs for the dopaminergic receptor correlate closely with both the pharmacological potencies of these drugs in vivo and their reported potencies as inhibitors of [3H]haloperidol binding to "dopamine receptors" in brain homogenates.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Steinsland, O S -- Hieble, J P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):443-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22933" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antipsychotic Agents/*pharmacology ; Apomorphine/pharmacology ; Dopamine/*pharmacology ; Ear/blood supply ; Haloperidol/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Neuromuscular Junction/drug effects ; Norepinephrine/metabolism ; Rabbits ; Receptors, Dopamine/*drug effects ; Synaptic Transmission/*drug effects ; Vasoconstriction/drug effects
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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