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  • Articles  (599)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (554)
  • Annual Reviews  (45)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • 1975-1979  (599)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1940-1944
  • 1935-1939
  • 1976  (599)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (599)
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  • Articles  (599)
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  • 1975-1979  (599)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1940-1944
  • 1935-1939
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing the proportion of natural hybrids between Lolium perenne L. and Festuca pratensis Huds. in permanent pastures (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Hybrids between ryegrass and meadow fescue form rarely but occur widely in old pastures. In one experiment six different hybrid genotypes were able to compete, on equal terms, with members of their parental species. In two others the proportion of the total yield due to one hybrid genotype was increased by added fertilizer or by reduced water supply.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01126.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digestion in the stomach and intestines of sheep receiving diets of red clover silage with various supplements (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Three castrated male sheep fitted with rumen and duodenal re-entrant cannulae were used in a 3×3 Latin Square experiment to investigate the digestion of three diets of red clover silage with supplementary concentrates containing barley or barley and groundnut meal or barley and urea. The supplements were designed to be isocaloric and the groundnut meal and barley-urea mixtures to be isonitrogenous.There were no significant (P 〉0.05) differences between treatments in the digestibility of organic matter (mean value 71.2%) or in the percentage of dietary organic matter digested in the stomach (mean value 53.6%) and diiferences between treatments in the concentrations of total and individual short-chain fatty acids in the rumen were small. The nitrogen intake for the barley treatment was 19.41 g/d and that for the groundnut meal and barley-urea treatments were 23.36 g/d and 23.05 g/d respectively. Corresponding figures for the duodenal flows of nitrogen were 21.97 g/d, 21.48 g/d and 21.14 g/d and for the faecal losses of nitrogen were 7.09 g/d, 6.98 g/d and 6.92 g/d. As a consequence, although the diets supplied quite different amounts of digestible crude protein they supplied similar amounts of crude protein digested in the intestines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb00784.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of a fluorescent pigment to record the distribution by cattle of traces of faeces from dung pats (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The extent of post-defaecation redistribution of faeces by cattle in a grazed pasture was determined by adding to dung pats a pigment which is fluorescent in ultra-violet light. Traces of faeces which would normally not be detected were located under ultra-violet irradiation at night. More traces were redistributed from dung pats situated in areas where stock congregated than from dung pats in other areas of paddocks. Most traces occurred at distances of up to 2 m from each indicator dung pat treated with the pigment. The area of sward affected by faeces was over 100 times the area of individual dung pats. It is suggested that the distribution of infective parasitic larvae will follow the distribution of the traces rather than simply that of the dung pats. Grazing behaviour may also be affected by contamination of herbage by traces of faeces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb00786.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathogens occurring on ten varieties of ryegrass at Rothamsted in 1973–74 (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Six varieties oi Loliumperenne, three of L. multiflorum and one hybrid (L. multiflorum × L. perenne) were assessed for diseases over two harvest years. Crown rust (Puccinia coronata) and mildew (Erysiphe graminis) occurred on some varieties in 1973. Leaf spotting (Drechslera spp.) was common, but slight on most varieties, in both years. Ryegrass mosaic virus (RMV) and its mite vector, Abacarus hystrix were present on all varieties in the second year. The relative susceptibility of varieties to RMV was similar in the field and in glasshouse tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01119.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The assessment of persistence and its application to the evaluation of early perennial ryegrass cultivars (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Botanical analyses were carried out on the herbage from plots of twelve early cultivars of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cut in their fourth year and the results related to visual persistence assessments carried out on the cultivars at the end of the second and third harvest years. Persistence assessments were found to be highly and positively correlated with the yields of sown cultivars (r=+0.96***,r=+0.99***) and to be highly and negatively correlated with the yields of unsown herbage species (r =+0.98***, r =−094***). The plots of the less persistent cultivars were invaded by unsown grass species and docks which contributed in varying degrees to total DM yield, reducing the correlation of total yield with persistence. Assessments of botanical composition of swards made at the end of the second year provided reliable predictions of the relative persistence of the cultivars. The results of the investigations indicated that assessment of persistence, as well as yield potential, is fundamentally important in cultivar evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01107.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Harvest ripeness in grass seed crops (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Ten varieties of forage grasses, including perennial and Italian ryegrasses, tall and meadow fescues, cocksfoot and timothy, grown in seed-production drills were sequentially harvested from 14 days after peaks of flowering. Seed germination capacities were generally good in seed samples harvested early in the mattiration period, with the exception of timothy. PeaJc yields of germinable seed were usually obtained some time after shedding had begun; delay in harvesting resulted in further seed losses, some of which were substantial. The maxima of individual seed weights mostly did not coincide with, and were frequently later than the peaks of germinable seed yields. Endospenns did not generally harden until after the maxima of germinable seed yields. Endosperm development stages were found to be reliable guides to assessment of correct harvest date, and it is suggested that examination of endosperm consistencies be used to corroborate assessment of harvesting times tising moisture meters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01108.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of a short-persistence systemic insecticide on the yield of perennial ryegrass (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The insecticide dimethoate was applied to a sward of S23 perennial ryegrass over a period of 2 years at three dose rates and at five frequencies of application. Annual DM yield was increased by up to 5% in the first year and by up to 17% in the second. The value of the additional yield is compared with the cost of obtaining it.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01109.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
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    The size of the root system of tetraploid red clover and its relation to the chemical composition of the herbage produced (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The size of the root system was measured by means of electrical capacitance in relation to the soil in field experiments with three varieties of tetraploid red clover over a period of 3 years. The root system was greatest in the first year, smaller in the second year and least in the third year. The plants that gave an above-average yield in any cut always had above average-sized root systems in the preceding period, but usually after cutting, the size of their root systems decreased, an effect which was accentuated by plants drying out. The plants that dried out during the experimental period always had below average-sized root systems in preceding periods. It was found in four cuts that the herbage dry matter of the plants with larger roots contained a smaller proportion of nitrogenous materials and ash, and more fibre, but the yield of all measured nutrients and elements increased. The ash of the herbage DM of these plants contained more potassium, calcium and magnesium. The quantity of mineral materials absorbed per unit of size of root systems was higher in the plants with larger root systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01111.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of physical form of a silage on its voluntary consumption and digestibility by sheep (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Six castrated male sheep were used in a two-period crossover experiment to investigate the effect of mincing on the voluntary intake and digestibility of a silage. The silage was a high-quality material, containing 68 % digestihle organic matter in the dry matter, prepared from S24 perennial ryegrass cut with a precision chop forage harvester and ensiled with the addition of 2.3 1 t−1 formic acid as preser vative. The median size of particles in the unprocessed silage was 10–20 mm and in the minced silage 2–3 mm.The intakes of dry matter, organic matter and nitrogen for the minced silage were greater than for the unminced material, and for dry matter and organic matter intakes the differences were signi ficant (P〈0.01). Mincing was associated, however, with a depression in the digestibility of all three constituents which offset the increase in intake. The intakes of digestible organic matter were 817 g d-1 for the minced silage and 729 g d−1 for the unminced material (P〉0.05). Corresponding figures for digestible nitrogen intakes were 208 gd−1and23.0 gd−1 (P〉005).It is concluded that with high-quality silage diets there is a physical component in the mechanism for the control of voluntary food intake. It is suggested that for sheep, depressions in the digestibility of dietary constituents are unlikely to occur until silages are chopped to a median particle size of 5–10 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01110.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    The acetylene reduction assay as a means of studying nitrogen fixation in white clover under sward and laboratory conditions (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The acetylene reduction assay was used to follow seasonal changes in nitrogen fixation activity in a white clover-perennial ryegrass ley in Northern Ireland. The annual estimate for fixation by the ley was 268 kg ha−1 (239 lb/acre) nitrogen virtually all of which was fixed during March to October. Nitrogen fixation was curtailed drastically after the ley was cut but recovered as new foliage expanded on the clover. Glasshouse experiments described the effects of temperature, shading and defoliation on nitrogen fixation by white clover, and indicated that these factors might be important in modifying symbiosis under field conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01112.x
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
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    Leaf protein production and use on the farm: an economic study (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A linear programming model to provide information on the economic feasibility of on-farm production and use of leaf protein from grass is described. The unwilted grass is mechanically separated into a protein-rich ctird, which is fed to pigs or other non-ruminants, and a high-dry matter, fibrous residue which is ensiled and fed to ruminants.In the model, the gross margin from a livestock farm which uses a conventional silage system for a dairy herd is compared with that from the same farm using forage fractionation. The difference in gross margins is available to pay for the additional cost of the fractionation equipment and to provide additional profit.The model considers the machinery performance, costs and labour constraints within which the new system would have to operate if it were to be economic. Results indicate that under a wide range of farm sizes and situations, forage fractionation shows an economic advantage over present forage conservation methods if machinery of the required throughput and cost were to be developed for on-farm use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01125.x
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  • 12
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    Book Review (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book Reviewed in This Article Maize Growers' Handbook Edited by G. M. Milboum. 3rd edition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb00787.x
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  • 13
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    The influence of date of sowing and seed rate on the production of pure-sown red clover (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Hungaropoly tetraploid broad red clover was sown at seed rates of 6, 12 or 18 kg ha-1 on six dates from April to September 1971. Three crops were harvested in 1972 and one in June 1973.In 1972, total herbage dry matter yields ranged from 5.22 to 12.22 t ha-1 and red clover dry matter yields from 3.61 to 11.92 t ha-1 when meaned over all seed rates. April to July sowing dates gave significantly higher yields than later sowings. In general, August and September sowings gave the lowest red clover contents in a range from 63.2 to 96.5%, the highest digestibilities within a range 61.9 to 65.0% and the lowest crude protein contents in a range 15.5 to 17.3%.The influence of seed rate was less marked than sowing date. Mean annual yields of total herbage dry matter increased from 9.88 to 10.85 t ha−1 as seed rate was increased from 6 to 18 kg ha−1. Red clover dry matter yields and contents of red clover and crude protein in the total herbage also followed this trend.The sowing date effects on total herbage yield and content of red clover did not persist into the second harvest year but the seed rate effects were still noticeable.Plant numbers in spring the first harvest year and hence percentage survival from sowing were depressed by late sowing; plant numbers rose but percentage survival declined as seed rate was increased. The seed rate effects on plant population persisted until spring of the second harvest year but sowing date effects did not.Better stands of red clover were obtained from sowings made between April and June, when a seed rate of 12 kg ha−1 was adequate. The adverse effects of late sowing cannot be fully compensated by raising seed rates of clover. There was a significant interaction between seed rate and date of sowing. For April-May sowings, seed rate was not critical. Thereafter, a linear effect of seed rate on yield was discernible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb00783.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
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    The effect of formic acid on the fermentation of ryegrass ensiled at different stages of growth and dry matter levels (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In the first experiment the buffering effect of Italian and perennial ryegrass to fonnic acid was determined with three varieties (Leda, S24 and Presto) cut at weekly intervals throughout the growth cycle. The buffer curves showed no significant differences between the three varieties at any one stage of growth and the results were combined to produce regression equations predicting pH values for the three ryegrasses cut at first ear emergence (e.e.), 50% e.e. and 100% e.e. after addition of formic acid.In the second experiment Italian ryegrass was harvested at three stages of growth, wilted to four different DM contents and ensiled in laboratory silos with five levels of formic acid. The interaction of stage of growth, formic acid level and DM content on the water-soluble carbohydrates, ethanol and volatile N contents of tbe resultant silages is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01116.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
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    The spatial distribution of excreta under intensive cattle grazing (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The spatial distribution of excreta from intensive cattle grazing was recorded and was described by a negative binomial function. This enabled the proportion of a pasture surface affected by excreta to be calculated for various grazing periods. Where the effect of excreta on the sward was short-lived, as for urine N, or where the total area covered by excreta remained small, as for dung, then little overlapping of effective excreta patches could be expected. Appreciable overlapping of effective patches could, however, occur for the long-lived urine K effect and this should be taken into account when estimating the proportion of a pasture surface affected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01123.x
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  • 16
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    The potential of tetraploid red clover and its role in the United Kingdom (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01124.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
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    Effect of rotary-drum-drier exit temperature and length of pre-drying storage time on digestibility of dried grass cobs (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effect of exit temperature of a rotary-drum-drier and of the length of pre-drying storage time on chemical composition and digestibility of dried grass cobs was investigated in two experiments. Increasing exit temperature from 77 to 166°C reduced WSC, NFE and available lysine content and increased CF content of dried grass. In vitro and in vivo DM digestibility was reduced by 16.4 and 24.5 percentage units respectively. Increasing length of pre-drying storage time also reduced WSC and available lysine content and reduced in vitro and in vivo DM digestibility by 2.4 and 5.1 percentage units respectively. The greatest reduction in in vivo digestibility in both experiments occurred in the CP fraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01117.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
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    Seedling growth of four grasses (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Investigations were conducted into the seed reserves, shoot and seminal root growth of Lolium perenne, Festuca arundinacea, Holcus lanatus and Poa trivialis. Data are presented for the caryopsis, palea and lemma weights of these species. Shoot lengths of Lolium and Festuca were very similar but seminal root lengths of Lolium were longer and emerged earlier than those of Festuca. The caryopsis in Lolium lost weight much more rapidly in germination than Festuca. Seedlings of Lolium and Festuca showed similar increases in shoot length but Lolium had more rapid rates of seminal root growth and weight loss from the caryopsis. It is suggested that poor field establishment of Festuca may be due to poor mobilization of seed reserves and consequential poor seminal root growth. The possibility of selecting for good seminal root development in Festuca to improve establishment is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01118.x
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  • 19
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    Relationship between digestibility and faecal nitrogen in sheep and cows offered herbage ad libitum (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A comparison was made of the digestibility, voluntary intake and concentration of N in faecal organic matter in castrated male sheep and non-lactating cows offered herbage ad libitum. The sheep ate 22% more herbage DM per kg liveweight than the cows. In general, the sheep and cows digested the organic matter of the herbage to the same extent, although on two occasions significantly higher digestibilities were observed in cows than in sheep. Similar concentrations of N in faecal organic matter in sheep and cows were matched by similar digestibilities of herbage organic matter. Regression equations relating herbage organic matter digestibility to faecal N concentration were not significantly different between sheep and cattle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01120.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
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    Estimation of herbage consumption by grazing cattle using measurements of eating behaviour (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Feed consumption (I). of a group of eight non-lactating Jersey cows strip-grazing oats at three stages of growth was estimated from number of eating bites (N) and bite size (5) measurements using the expression, I= N × S. N was measured with four non-fistulated animals while S was determined independently with four oesophageal fistulated animals. These estimates were compared with herhage consumption estimates using a cutting technique (fourteen samples of both herbage offered and refused).Eating behaviour estimates of intake based on N and S were 29% higher than cutting estimates due to fistulated animals having a high number of mastication bites with the head up during sampling and a large diurnal variation in bite size. After allowing for these sources of error eating behaviour estimates were only 2% higher than cutting estimates.Sampling variability was similar for both cutting and eating behaviour techniques; on an individual plot basis the percentage coefficients of variation were 11.2 and 10.1 for cutting and eating behaviour techniques, respectively. Methods of reducing sample variability are discussed and tables of numbers of animals required to detect true differences in intake at various levels of precision are presented.It is concluded that herbage consumption by grazing ariimals can be obtained from measurements of eating behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01122.x
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  • 21
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    Nitrogen and Italian ryegrass. 3. Growth up to 14 weeks: yields, proportions, digestibilities and nitrogen contents of crop fractions, and tiller populations (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The regrowth of Italian ryegrass following a cut in late April was studied at weekly intervals up to 14 weeks. There were four levels of applied N: 28, 84, 140 and 196 kg ha-1. The proportion of green leaf blade declined from 80% of DM yield after 2 or 3 weeks of regrowth to 5% after 13–14 weeks. About three-quarters of the increase in DM yield of total herbage from week 3 to week 11 was attributable to increased yield of ‘stem’. The level of applied N had little effect on the proportion of crop fractions except during the period immediately before and after the begiiming of ear emergence when the higher rates of N increased the proportion of ‘stem’ and reduced that of green leaf. The most digestible crop fractions were green leaf, inflorescence and immature ‘stem’. D-value of ‘stem’ declined by about 20 units from week 1 to week 14, while D-value of green and dead leaf declined at about half this rate and there was little or no decline in D-value of inflorescence. The N content of green leaf was consistently higher than that of the other fractions. The N content of ‘stem’declined markedly to around 0.5% by week 12. The N content of dead leaf and inflorescence was intermediate between that of green leaf and mature ‘stem’. The N content of all fractions was increased by applying more N. The tiller population increased during the flrst 3 weeks of regrowth and declined during the next 4. Applying more N increased both tiller population and weight per tiller.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01121.x
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    A simple disc instrument for estimating herbage yield (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A simple instrument for estimating the yield of herbage from measurements of height has been tested in cutting and grazing experiments. The instrument consists of a verticle graduated shaft and two linked aluminium discs which settle on the herbage. The height of the discs from the ground is recorded. Highly significant relationships were established between the yield and the height of herbage. Linear regressions explained 80–90% of the variation in the cutting experiments, and 39–62% in the grazing experiments. The errors attached to the estimated yields were high, but, because of the simple construction, low cost and rapid operation of the instrument, it is concluded that it has many useful functions in grassland research and management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01113.x
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  • 23
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    Uncorrected abstracts of offered papers read at the Winter meeting of the British Grassland Society on 2 December 1975 (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1976.tb01114.x
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  • 24
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    Book reviews (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 31 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Book Reviewed in This Article: Soil Physical Conditions and Crop Production Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Technical Bulletin Study of Agricultural Systems Edited by G. E. Dalton.
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  • 25
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    Four Essays (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 1-11 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.000245
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  • 26
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    Contributions to the History of Plant Pathology in South America, Central America, and Mexico (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 11-29 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.000303
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  • 27
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    Diseases as a Factor in Plant Evolution (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 31-51 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 28
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    Ethylene in Soil Biology (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 53-73 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.000413
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  • 29
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    Epidemiology and Control of Tomato Mosaic Virus (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 75-96 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.000451
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  • 30
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    Spore Yield of Pathogens in Investigations of the Race-Specificity of Host Resistance (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 97-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.000525
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  • 31
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    Microbial Colonization of Plant Roots (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 121-144 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.001005
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  • 32
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    Papillae and Related Wound Plugs of Plant Cells (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 145-163 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.001045
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  • 33
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    Virus and Virus-Like Diseases of Cereal Crops (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 189-210 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.001201
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  • 34
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    Genetic Change in Host-Parasite Populations (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 177-188 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.001141
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  • 35
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    The Plant Disease Clinic--A Thorn in the Flesh, or a Challenging Responsibility (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 165-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Alien Germ Plasm as a Source of Resistance to Disease (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 211-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Fossil Fungi (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 237-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.001321
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  • 38
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    Management of Food Resources by Fungal Colonists of Cultivated Soils (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 247-264 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 39
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    The Tumor-Inducing Substance of Agrobacterium Tumefaciens (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 265-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.001405
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    Electrophysiological Research in Plant Pathology (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 309-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.001521
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  • 41
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    Relationships Between Nematode Population Densities and Crop Responses (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 327-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.001551
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  • 42
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    Fire and Flame for Plant Disease Control (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 355-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Economics of Disease-Loss Management (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 381-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Acquired Resistance to Fungicides (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 405-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Whitefly-Transmitted Plant Diseases (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 429-449 
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    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.002241
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  • 46
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    Prospects for Control of Phytopathogenic Bacteria by Bacteriophages and Bacteriocins (1976)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Phytopathology 14 (1976), S. 451-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4286
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.14.090176.002315
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  • 47
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    Quantitativer Biotest zur Bestimmung von Photosynthesehemmern im Boden (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Ein quantitativer Biotest zum Nachweis von Photosynthese-hemmern in Böden, Hydrokultur und Zellstoffwatte wird beschrieben. Als Testpflanze erwies sich Gartenkresse (Lepidium sativum L.) als sehr gut brauchbar. Anhand von Beispielen mit Monolinuron und Methabenzthiazuron werden einige Anwendungsmöglichkeiten Bestimmung der herbiziden Wirksamkeit, Pflanzenverfügbarkeit und Ermittlung der ED5o-Werte in verschiedenen Bden gegeben. Für Monolinuron z.B. konnten Konzentrationen von 〈0.04 ppm quiintitativ nachgewiesen werden.Photosynthesehemmerzeigen auf Keimung und Wachstum der Kressesämlinge erst nach 5 Tagen einen Effekt; denn eine Beeinträchtigung des Wachstums tritt erst dann ein, wenn die Reservestoffe des Endosperms aufgebraucht sind. Da her wurden die Reservestoffe in den Kressekeimlingen im Dunkelkeimversuch ermittelt und von alien Ergebnissen abgezogen, um ausschlieBlich die gebildete Trockenmasse bei Herbizideinwirkung zu erfassen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00426.x
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  • 48
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    The selectivity of methabenzthiazuron between barley, perennial ryegrass and Poa trivialis (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In field experiments methabenzthiazuron at 1.1 kg ai/ha applied pre-emergence gave good control of Poa trivialis L. in perennial ryegrass S23 which was undersown in spring barley (Zephyr); no significant damage to barley or perennial ryegrass resulted from 2.2 kg ai/ha. However this dose applied when barley had three to four leaves decreased the subsequent barley yield.In pot experiments in the glasshouse methabenzthiazuron was active mainly due to uptake through the soil. Much greater damage to barley and perennial ryegrass resulted when herbicide-treated soil was placed below seed level than above the seed. The difference was less marked with P. trivialis. The latter started to develop secondary roots near the soil surface earlier than either perennial ryegrass or spring barley.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00430.x
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  • 49
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    The taxonomy and evolution of weeds (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Taxonomy describes and classifies (i.e. maps) the diversity of nature. The most useful classifications are those that permit the delimitation, and subsequent identification, of species in such a way that they exhibit genetic differences and ecological preferences. However, all classifications have limitations for weed scientists. Genetic variation within species may be just as important as differences between species to the development of weed control practices. Because traditional concepts, such as species, variety and ecotype, cannot fully reflect the products of evolutionary processes, alternative taxonomic or para-taxonomic representations of variation are considered. The dependence of plant nomenclature on these inherently limited taxonomic concepts is also discussed, and ways are suggested of minimizing the resultant degree of instability in the scientific names of weeds. The evolutionary responses of weeds to changing conditions suggest that although selection within populations is important, changes in the species composition of a weed flora may be a more common response to selection. Recombination through hybridization can be particularly significant, especially in the evolution of weeds which are genetically close to the crop species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00433.x
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    Soil enrichment studies with nitralin (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Soil enrichment studies were conducted with nitralin [4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropylaniline] with and without exogenous carbon and nitrogen. Bacterial isolates obtained were placed into three categories. Eight fungal isolates, notably Fusarium and Penicillium sp., were obtained from the enriched soil culture. Only one bacterial isolate (Erwinia trachelphila) and no fungal isolates appeared to degrade nitralin. The degradation product isolated was tentatively identified by TLC and radioautography as 4-(methylsulfonyl)-2,6-dinitrophenol. No 14CO2 evolution from ring-labelled nitralin was detected from any isolates tested.
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    Interactions between soil-applied herbicides in the roots of some legume species (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects on plant growth of applying trifluralin or nitralin combination with simazine, atrazine, prometryne and linuron to the upper 5-cm root region of vetch (Vicia sativa L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) and soybean (Glycine max) were investigated. Foliar injury due to herbicides of the second group was markedly reduced in each species by simultaneous treatment with trifluralin or nitralin both of which inhibited lateral root growth without affecting aerial plant growth or tap root extension growth. This inhibition of lateral root growth in roots treated with trifluralin or nitralin was associated with reduced uptake and subsequent transport to the foliage of 14C-labelled simazine in vetch and pea and 14C-labelled atrazine in soybean. This probably accounted for the reduction in simazine and atrazine phytotoxicity.In the presence of trifluralin or nitralin comparatively higher amounts of radioactivity were retained in the roots of pea and soybean and this reduced the amount of 14C available for transport to the foliage. This was not evident in vetch.
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    Uptake, translocation, metabolism and selectivity of glyphosate in Canada thistle and leafy spurge (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The uptake, translocation and metabolism of glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] by Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.) (susceptible) and leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula (L.)) (resistant) were examined in an attempt to elucidate the nature of the differential sensitivity. The pattern of uptake and translocation was similar in both species. Glyphosate moved readily in the apoplast and the symplast. High humidity and/or surfactant greatly increased the amount of 14C-glyphosate absorbed and translocated over that in low humidity and/or without surfactant. No 14Cmetabolites were detected in either species 1 week after treatment with 14C-glyphosate. More of a glyphosate spray solution containing a fluorescent dye was received and retained on Canada thistle by virtue of its growth habit than on leafy spurge. More glyphosate should therefore be available for uptake by Canada thistle and this may account for the differential sensitivity of these two species.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00402.x
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    Factors affecting dormancy and germination of seeds of Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms from the Nile (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: E. crassopes requires specific conditions for germination. The best laboratory germination was in clay soil, rich in organic matter, under less than 3 cm depth of water, in light. There are interactions with water depths, soil type, organic deposits, light and temperature.Storage conditions of seeds before germination affect the results. Wetting, drying and re-wetting gave quickest, and complete germination. After 2 years dry-storage, 78% of the seeds were still viable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00383.x
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    Relationships between substituted urea herbicides and soil urease activity (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Fenuron, monuron, diuron, siduron, linuron and neburon were tested for their inhibition of soil urease activity in order to investigate relationships between fertilizers and herbicides.The inhibition of urea hydrolysis in the selected soils was 10–33% for fenuron, 10–39% for monuron, 10–35% for diuron, 8–38% for siduron, 9–36% for linuron and 12–30% for neburon. In the field greater effects might be expected since the fertilizer/herbicide ratio would be lower than the one considered here.Some agronomic aspects of the relationship between fertilizers and herbicides are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00427.x
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    The vegetation of roadsides and adjacent farmland of the Mornington Peninsula, Victoria, Australia (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A survey of the composition and structure of the vegetation of the roadside easement and adjacent farmland was made at eighteen sites on the Mornington Peninsula. Victoria, Australia. The ground cover was grass dominant at all sites, with a predominance of introduced species notably Holcus lanatus, Anthoxanthum odoratum and Briza maxima. Agrostis tenuis and Paspalum dilatatum occurred to a lesser extent. Two alien broad-leafed species, Hypochoeris radicata and Plantago lanceolata, were abundant at most sites.The frequency of species present on the easement was markedly reduced in the adjacent farmland; conversely, the pasture plants Lolium perenne, Trifolium repens and T. subterraneum, did not colonize the easement to any great extent.At some sites, the native trees and shrubs had not been cleared during road construction. They were able to survive on the easement despite the influences of the adjacent road and farmland. Seedlings of all the native species were found.
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    The EWRC/EWRS Symposium on the Status, Biology and Control of Grass Weeds in European Arable and Horticultural Crops (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00435.x
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  • 57
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    Ultrastructural changes in leaf and needle segments treated with herbicides containing picloram (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The herbicide Tordon 50D (picloram+2,4-D) affected the integrity of the nucleus and cell membranes in Pinus radiata needle segments and caused the swelling of internal chloro plast membranes and the eventual disintegration of the chloroplasts. Tordon 22K (picloram) only affected chloro plast structure.Both herbicides had similar adverse effects on cell membranes and chloroplasts of Eucalyptus viminalis.
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  • 58
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    Changes in the translocation and distribution of 2, 4, 5-T in blackberry (Rubus procerus P. J. Muell.) with time (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The distribution of 2.4,5-T in Rubus procerus P. J. Muell. was measured 24 h and 7 days after application to the leaves at 60% of the normal concentration used in the field. There was no significant difference in the amount translocated at these times. At 24 h after treatment there was a very large concentration gradient across the crown but 6 days later the concentration gradient was much smaller. It was concluded that, at the rate used, the amount of 2,4,5-T translocated to the roots was insufficient to prevent regeneration from the root system.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00429.x
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    Notes and News (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00434.x
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    Twenty-eighth International Symposium on Crop Protection—Gent (Belgium) 4 May 1976 (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00436.x
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    Observations on the influence of orchard soil management on simazine movement (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The concentration of simazine in surface soil was determined on two occasions at a number of sites in a 2-year-old apple orchard under either conventional herbicide strip or overall herbicide soil management. There was no evidence of simazine re-distribution in conventional herbicide strips. With overall herbicide management there was evidence of the movement of simazine from much of the area of the orchard and its accumulation in either small erosion channels or deposition areas. This was prevented by a thin litter of straw spread over the soil surface.
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    Application of bioassay techniques to herbicide investigations (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Bioassay techniques used in herbicide studies are based on the response of chosen organisms, superior plants or microorganisms, to the chemical. Various means of assessment are used: germination, weight or size of plant parts, modifications in physiological activities such as photosynthesis and transpiration, and typical symptoms. Several special bioassays are described. Dose-response relations are affected by the age of the indicator plant and environmental conditions of growth. Results can be estimated visually or by objective measurements; for correct interpretation appropriate controls and standards must be included in each experiment. Examples are given of bioassay procedures developed to investigate various aspects of herbicide behaviour: soil effects, dissipation from the soil surface, movement in soil, degradation and persistence.
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  • 63
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    Uptake and translocation of some pesticides by hypocotyls of radish seedlings (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Some of the factors affecting absorption and translocation of pesticides by the hypocotyls of intact radish (Raphanus sativus, L., cv. Black Spanish) seedlings have been studied, particular attention being given to the triazine herbicides simazine, atrazine and atraton. Uptake and translocation appear to be largely passive processes and by contrast with foliar absorption seem to be unaffected by humidity, con-centration, light and by the aqueous solubilities of the compounds. Diffusion across the tissues of the hypocotyl, rather than rate of transpiration, appears to determine the rate at which atrazine and simazine are translocated to the cotyledons. For several pesticides there is a qualitative relationship between the percentages of the compounds translocated to the upper portion of the shoots and their partition coefficients in oil/water systems. In conclusion, some consideration is given to the relative importance of uptake by roots and shoots under field conditions.
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  • 64
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    Sugarbeet tolerance of post-emergence applications of desmedipham and ethofumesate (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Tolerance of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.‘Mono-Hy Al') to post-emergence treatments of ethofumesate [(±)2-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethylbenzofuran-5-yl-melhansulfonate] and desmedipham [(3-ethoxy-carbonylamino)phenyl-N-phen-ylcarbamate] was studied in the glasshouse and in the field at several growth stages. The response of sugarbeet to these herbicides was dependent on the growth stage of the plants and the amount of desmedipham in the mixture. Foliar growth was suppressed most when the herbicides were applied at the cotyledon stage; however, recovery from herbicide injury was rapid. Tolerance of sugarbeet increased considerably from the cotyledon stage to the six-leaf stage. At equivalent herbicide rates, sugarbeet were more tolerant to ethofumesate than desmedipham and their response to mixtures of the herbicides was governed mainly by the rate of desmedipham. Root yields were reduced significantly by the herbicides only when sugarbeet were treated in the cotyledon stage with mixtures that contained 1.12 kg/ha of desmedipham.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00409.x
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    Quelques aspects de la physiologie des radis (Raphanus sativus L.) traités par la simazine (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: l'influence de la simazine sur l'évolution de l'azote chez le radis (Raphanus sativus L.) a étéétudiée en considérant le métabolisme de l'azote total et la synthèse des proténes. Dans les racines et les pétioles, l'azote total a peu évolué alors qu'il augmente notablement dans les limbes vers les 5ème et 6ème jours après le traitement, diminue ensuite tout en restant supérieur au taux initial, puis se stabilise jusqu'à la mort de la plante. Les radis traités par la simazine absorbent plus d'azote que le témoin. l'étude de l'azote protéique, de l'azote organique soluble et de l'azote nitrique a montré que la simazine n'agissait pas sur la protéosynthèse.Une expérience faite avec de l'azote marquée 15N a montré que la plante absorbe préférentiellement les nitrates.
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    Factors effecting the performance of metoxuron and chlortoluron in controlling blackgrass in winter wheat (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Blackgrass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) was controlled by 2 kg/ha of metoxuron in glasshouse trials while winter wheat, cultivar Cappelle Desprez, tolerated 4 kg/ha. Blackgrass was controlled by 1.2 kg/ha of chlortoluron. Winter wheat previously damaged by freezing was injured by 2.5 kg/ha of chlortoluron applied at an early stage. Seedlings not exposed to freezing were not damaged by 2.5 kg/ha applied at the 4- and 5-leaf stage.Breakdown of chlortoluron and metoxuron in the soil was attributed, in part, to microbial action. More than one-third of the chlortoluron applied at 2 kg/ha disappeared in 6 weeks when applied in early spring while one half disappeared in 3 weeks when applied 2 months later. The bioassay, used to determine the amount of chlortoluron or metoxuron in the soil, was found to be adequate for metoxuron in only one of three soils.The bioassay results, for both herbicides, were affected by the addition of calcium carbonate to the soil, by sterilization of the soil, and by leaching. In comparisons of results in two sandy loams and a clay loam, the observed differences could not be altogether accounted for by differences in pH nor by changes in adsorption of metoxuron. When perennial ryegrass was grown in sandy loam, and treated with metoxuron before or after emergence, different watering regimes did not give any difference in weight of top growth.
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    The relationship between CO2 assimilation and the metabolism of bentazone in wheat plants (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The assimilation of CO2 by wheat plants after treatment with various amounts of bentazone was investigated. Maximum inhibition of assimilation always occurred at the same time after treatment irrespective of the amount of bentazone applied. The reduction in CO2 assimilation rate was correlated with the uptake of active ingredient in the leaf tissue. Assimilation increased again, when the concentration of bentazone inside the leaf dropped as the results of metabolism to hydroxybentazones. The toxicity of 6- and 8-hydroxybentazone to sensitive mustard plants was lower than that of the parent compound. It is suggested that hydroxylation is a step in the detoxification of bentazone.
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    Notes and News (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 69
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    Report of the Chairman of the Steering Committee of the European Weed Research Society (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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    Report of the Secretary to the Editorial Board of Weed Research for the period 1 January 1975 to 31 December 1975 (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00415.x
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    Factors affecting seedling establishment and survival of Echium plantagineum L., Trifolium subterraneum L. and Lolium rigidum Gaud. (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Echium plantagineum L. is a widespread, persistent, and often dominant volunteer species in southern Australia. This paper describes glasshouse and field studies investigating its seedling establishment and that of two commonly associated species, Trifolium subterraneum L. and Lolium rigidum Gaud.In the glasshouse, all species established successfully from sowing depths ranging from 0 to 2.5 cm, and L. rigidum was favoured over the other species when sown on the soil surface (0 cm) and at 7.6cm. In the field, survival of established seedlings during moisture stress was higher for E. plantagineum than T. subterraneum. Seedling‘drought resistance’appeared to be related to rate of root penetration, but not seed size.Prolific germination after summer and early autumn rains, when temperatures are high, and high seedling survival during moisture stress, explain why E. plantagineum is favoured over T. subterraneum in years with early or‘false’seasonal breaks. T. subterraneum can establish successfully in years with early breaks, but is favoured over E. plantagineum in years with later breaks.
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    Long-term effects of herbicides on the photosynthetic apparatus I. Influence of diuron, triazines and pyridazinones (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Long-term effects of herbicides on the photosynthetic membrane system were investigated. For this purpose the unicellular alga Bumilleriopsis filiformis was grown in liquid culture in the presence of sublethal concentrations of diuron, atrazine, metribuzin, and some substituted pyridazinones. This allowed reproducible growth conditions, exact dosing of herbicides, and also the preparation of functionally active cell-free photosynthetic systems.The electron transport system of cells grown in the presence of ureas and triazine derivatives is not impaired at all, wherea scultivation with pyridazinones damages their photosynthetic redox system. In addition, a strong bleaching effect is observed, whereas the first group of herbicides enhance chlorophyll formation.
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    Specific microbial responses to herbicides (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Examples from the literature and from the authors’own laboratory demonstrate that herbicides can exert adverse effects on the soil micro-flora, depending on concentration, though often at higher rates than the herbicidal dose. Examples refer to changes in microbial growth (asulam, linuron, paraquat) and equilibrium (metoxuron), respiration and nitrification in samples from field experiments (linuron, simazine) and laboratory experiments (bentazone, glyphosate, barban, etc.), enzyme activities (urease, phosphatase; barban, chlorpropham, linuron) and the decay of sprayed vegetation (glyphosate, paraquat).
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    Weed competition in spring-planted raspberries (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Spring-planted raspberries (Rubus idaeus L. cv. Malling Jewel) were exposed to competition from annual weeds for various lengths of time during the first growing season. Weeds germinating following crop planting in late March had no effect on numbers of new canes produced provided weed removal occurred by early June. The importance of preventing competition from these weeds during the critical period of cane emergence (June/July) was demonstrated. Dense weed cover reduced cane growth and, if weeds were left beyond late June, caused considerable mortality of planting material. Weed growth also frequently reduced cane height.In the second year, all plots were maintained free of weeds. Fruit yields showed effects of weeds similar to or greater than those indicated by total cane growth in the previous year. Height of new canes was unaffected by previous weeding treatments, but the numbers of new canes produced continued to show severe effects of initial competition from weeds.Allowing further weed growth to develop after initial weeding had no additional effect on crop survival or cane numbers in the first year. In one experiment, however, a reduction in cane height due to weeds germinating in June was followed in the second year by a reduction in the numbers of new canes produced.
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    A note on the dispersal of seeds of blackberry (Rubus procerus P.J. Muell.) by foxes and emus (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The monthly variation in the number of seeds of blackberry (Rubus procerus P. J. Muell.) in fox (Vulpes vulpes) faecal droppings was measured at two sites in Victoria, Australia. The maximum percentage of droppings containing seeds (89% at Dartmouth and 55% at Sherbrooke) and the maximum monthly average for the number of seeds per dropping (570 at Dartmouth and 390 at Sherbrooke) occurred in March. Droppings of emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) collected at Dartmouth contained a mean of 2460 blackberry seeds per dropping.Blackberry seed obtained from berries, fox droppings and emu droppings was tested for germination over a 1O-month period. Germination commenced in spring and ranged from 22 to 35%.It is concluded that foxes and birds are probably responsible for dispersing blackberry over large areas of Victorian bushland.
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    Quelques aspects biochimiques de la physiologie des radis (Raphanus sativus L.) traites par la simazine II. Evolution des acides organiques (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00399.x
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    Influence of field-applied linuron and paraquat on the microflora of an organic soil (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In a field experiment on an organic soil, a pre-emergence application of paraquat at 2–24 kg a.i. (active ingredient)/ha was made to a plot on which onions and lettuce were grown; and similar broadcast applications of linuron, both with and without carbofuran, at two field rates, to plots on which carrots were grown. Paraquat generally increased the bacterial and actinomycetal populations while linuron inhibited the same but enhanced the numbers of fungal propagules, although it decreased the proportion of soil penicillia in the population. The overall effect of linuron was not changed by the admixture of carbofuran. However, the changes in microbial populations by either herbicides were not substantial enough to make gross or lasting differences in levels of available N and P, and in the CO2 evolution rate.
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    Field degradation of the herbicide metribuzin and its degradation products in a Manitoba sandy loam soil (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The degradation of the herbicide metribuzin (4-amino-6 r-butyl-3-(methylthio)-1, 2, 4-tnazin-5-(4H)one) applied at 1 and 2 kg/ha at times equivalent to pre-emergence (12 June), post-emergence (5 July), and pre-harvest (15 August), has been investigated in Almasippi very line sandy loam at Carman, Manitoba. Gas-liquid chromatographic analytical results showed that metribuzin degraded during the growing season, and that residue levels immediately prior to freeze-up (25 October) were in general less than 10% of applied metribuzin independent of application date, and were largely unchanged the following spring.The metabolites and photoproduct of metribuzin were present in maximum amounts near 13 July for the first two treatment dates, a time closely following maximum soil temperature readings, and these compounds in turn degraded almost completely by freeze-up. The following spring only very low levels were detected. Under the conditions described, metribuzin and its degradation products degraded to low levels and should not provide a carryover problem the next growing season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00401.x
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    Seasonal activity of EPTC for Cyperus rotundus L. control in a tropical climate (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Four experiments were conducted at six week intervals to determine the seasonal activity and persistence of soil-incorporated EPTC (5-ethyl N,N-dipropyl(thiocarbamate)) for Cyperus rotundus L. control and tolerance of okra (Hibiscus esculentus L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.) during the dry and wet seasons in Viçosa, Brazil. Satisfactory control of C. rotundus was obtained at 2 kg/ha EPTC during the dry season and 4 kg/ha or more during the wet season. Only red beet and carrot tolerated these doses of EPTC when the crops were planted five days after application. However, selective control of C. rotundus was obtained when the planting date of lettuce was delayed for three or six weeks after EPTC application. EPTC controlled C. rotundus at half the dose that was required to control three species of annual grass that germinated near the soil surface. EPTC persisted longer when applied to air dry soil and incorporated with a rototiller than when incorporated into moist or wet soil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00405.x
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  • 80
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    The effect of soil aggregate size and water content on herbicide concentration in soil water (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Suspensions of wettable powders of metribuzin and simazine were sprayed onto samples of two soils of two particle size grades, 〉 2.5 mm and 〈0.5 mm. The soils were either air-dry or at a water content of 12%. After either 1 h or 1 week, water was added to give a soil to water ratio of 1:1. Samples of solution were analysed after 1, 24 and 48 h.With metribuzin the intial concentration for both soils after wetting was greater from the 〉2.5 mm samples than the 〈0.5 mm samples, following application to dry soil, but by 48 h the differences were negligible. With simazine WRO soil did not show this effect at all and with Kirton soil only small differences were seen. If the soil was wet at the time of application, particle size had no effect except with simazine in Kirton soil.Generally metribuzin concentrations were higher after application to wet than to dry soils for at least 24 h after wetting whereas simazine concentrations were higher from initially dry soils and the differences had virtually disappeared 24 h after wetting.With the WRO soil herbicide concentrations in soil water were higher if the soil was wetted 1 h after spraying than if left for 1 week but the differences rarely persisted for 48 h. No such trend was observed with Kirton soil.It is concluded that the differences observed in these experiments could be responsible for variations in the performance of soil-applied herbicides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00420.x
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  • 81
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    Effects from simulated rainfall on shoot-zone uptake of herbicides (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In glasshouse experiments, atrazine, simazine, lenacil and linuron applied to the soil surface were phytotoxic to turnip seedlings which had emerged from a depth of 1–5 cm when 3 mm artificial rainfall was applied at the time of seedling emergence or shortly afterwards. When rainfall was applied on 2 or 3 consecutive days, the herbicides were in general more phytotoxic. As the delay between emergence and commencement of surface watering increased, however, the response of the seedlings decreased.Studies with [14C]-atrazine showed that at emergence the seedlings contained a small amount of herbicide which increased considerably with surface watering. Relatively high concentrations were attained when rainfall was applied while the seedlings were small, but as the interval between seedling emergence and rainfall increased, the same uptake resulted in lower shoot concentrations, Atrazine extraction from the soil showed little movement from the surface 1.0 cm, suggesting uptake via the stem. The observed responses of the other three herbicides are explained by assuming the same pattern of uptake as that recorded for atrazine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00428.x
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  • 82
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    The efficiency of herbicide incorporation into soil with different implements (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The distribution of trifluralin in soil was measured following its incorporation with the rotavator, rotary power harrow, reciprocating harrow, spring-tined harrow, tandem disc cultivator and drag harrow. A single pass with the rotavator gave an even distribution In the top 5 cm of soil and similar results were obtained by cross cultivations with the rotary power harrow, reciprocating harrow, spring-tined harrow and disc cultivator. A single cultivation with the spring-tined harrow, reciprocating harrow and rotary power harrow left much of the herbicide close to the soil surface as did both a single and cross cultivation with the drag harrow. With the tandem discs, although a single pass did incorporate the herbicide, a cross cultivation was necessary to ensure that incorporation was even enough across the treated area. A single pass of the rotavator gave a uniform mixing throughout its working depth, whereas cross cultivations with each of the other implements gave a relatively uniform mixing to about half of their working depth.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00432.x
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  • 83
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    Glossary of Common Names and Abbreviations of Herbicides (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00437.x
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  • 84
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    Untersuchungen über Sonchus arvensis L. III, Metabolismus von MCPA (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: 14C-MCPA wurde beim Auspflanzen der Wurzelstückchen, und wenn die Pflanzen 3 cm, 5–7 cm und 12–15 cm lange Blätter entwickelt hatten, in die Wurzeln von Sonchus arvensis L. injiziert. Nach Extraktion mit 70%-igem Äthanol und Trennung auf Dünnschichtplatten konnten durch Scanning drei hier als 1, 2 und 3 genannte Komponenten nachgewiesen werden. Komponente 2 chromatographierte wie MCPA und bestand aller Wahrscheinlichkeit nach aus dem nichtmetabolisierten Rest der injizierten Substanz. Komponente 3 wurde schneller als Komponente 1 gebildet, aber beide Komponenten wurden unter Einfluss von 1N HCl oder 1N NaOH+Wärme zur Komponente 2 (MCPA) verwandelt. Komponente 3 unterschied sich wieder von Komponente 1 durch ihre höhere Umwandlungsgeschwindingskeit.Der Metabolismus von MCPA verlief um so schneller, je älter die Pflanzen waren, und war in Mutterwurzeln rascher als in Tochterwurzeln und Blättern. Dormante Wurzeln zeigten eine Fähigkeit MCPA zu metabolisieren auf, die wenigstens nicht geringer als bei nicht-dormanten Wurzeln war. Weiter verlief der Metabolismus schneller bei 23° als bei 70.Abspaltung von 14CO2 war ein langsamer Prozess, und nach 4 Tagen machte die Aktivität des ausgeschiedenen 14CO2 nur 1,3% der Gesamtaktivität aus.In Biotesten mit Raphanus sativus L. als Testpflanze, zeigte Komponente 3 eine entsprechende Phytotoxizität wie Komponente 2 (MCPA) auf, während die stabilere Komponente 1 sehr wenig phytotoxisch war.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00419.x
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    Notes and News (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00425.x
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  • 86
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    A novel approach to Striga and Orobanche control using synthetic germination stimulants (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A series of synthetic germination stimulants for the plant parasites Striga and Orobanche has been prepared. These compounds, analogues of the natural Striga germination stimulant, strigol (I), (Cook et al., 1966, 1972) cause signiticant germination of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. seed at concentrations as low as 10−9 M, and an even greater activity against species of Orobanche has been demonstrated. Initial outdoor box trials of the compounds against Striga asiatica (L.) O. Ktze. in Hyderabad, India, have shown a reduction of up to 65% of the seed after a single treatment of the soil 6 weeks before the planting of the sorghum host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00406.x
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    An experimental, tractor-mounted, very low volume uniform-drop-size sprayer (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The design, construction and performance of an experimental tractor-mounted machine to apply herbicides to small field plots is described. The machine has five spray units, each with five rotating discs. Uniform sized drops in the range from 150 to 350 μm can be produced with lipophilic, hydrophilic and emulsifiable formulations. Spray volumes can be varied from 5 to 120 1/ha. A preliminary assessment of the physical performance of the machine is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00403.x
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    Some aspects of the absorption of picloram by gorse (Ulex europaeus L.) (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Plants of Ulex europaeus were grown from cuttings and studies made of the absorption of 14C-picloram applied with unlabelled 2,4,5-T. In vivo experiments in a growth chamber showed that absorption ceased after 10 h, but was resumed on wetting. In in vitro experiments the Q10 and the activation energy for uptake decreased with increasing temperature. Absorption was increased by addition of non-ionic surfactants, by lowering the pH and by removal of cuticular wax. Gorse shoots were shown to have a high wax content but scanning electron microscopy revealed no obvious wax structures and the contact angle of spray droplets was less than 900, indicating that the surfaces were not difficult to wet.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00384.x
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  • 89
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    A study of assimilation and translocation in Cuscuta hyalina Heyne ex Roth., Orobanche ramosa L. and Striga hermonthica Benth. (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Quantitative determinations of chlorophyll showed that Cuscuta hyalina and Striga hermonthica possess chlorophyll. No trace of chlorophyll was found in Orobanche ramosa. Autoradiographic evidence showed that both radiocarbon and radiophosphorous moved from host to parasite in alt three species. Photosynthesis occurs in S. hermonthica when the parasite is isolated from its host. The adventitious roots of S. hermonthica and O. ramosa appear to be functional in absorbing a proportion of the required inorganic substances and water. S. hermonthica is a hemiparasite, O. ramosa is a holoparasite but C. hyalina is best described as a partial parasite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00385.x
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  • 90
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    Untersuchungen zum Abbau des Herbizids Chlorphenpropmethyl im Boden und durch Mikroorganismen (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Das Herbizid 2-Chlor-3-(4-chlorphenyl)propionsauremethylester (Chlorphenprop-methyl) wurde in Sand-und Lehmboden bei 21°C innerhalb weniger Stunden hydrolysiert. Das Hydrolyseprodukt 2-Chlor-3-(4-chlorphenyl)propionsäure (CPP) wurde in beiden Böden bei 22.0 ppm Anfangskonzentration mit einer Halbwertszeit von 4 bis 8 Tagen. bei 4.4 ppm Anfangskonzenlralion mit einer Halbwertszeit von knapp einem Tag abgebaut. Als Zwischenprodukt des CPP-Abbaus in Boden wurde 4-Chlorbenzoesaure, in Mischkulturen von Bodenmikroorganismen ausserdem 4-Chlorzimtsäure identifiziert. Tn autoklaviertem und mit NaN3 sterilisiertem Boden unterblieb der Abbau von CPP. Die Anreicherung und Isolierung von Mikroorganismen, die den ersten Schritt des CPP-Abbaus vollziehen, war nicht möglich. Zwei aus den VersuchsbÖden isolierte und vorläufig den Gattungen Flavobacterium bzw. Brevibacterium zugeordnete Bakterienstämme bauten den Metaboliten 4-Chlorzimtsäure zu 4- Chlorbenzoesäure ab, zwei de r Gattung Arthrobacter Zugeordnete Bakterienstämme wuchsen auf der 4-Chlorbenzoesäure als alleiniger Kohlenstoffquelle. Die Ergebnisse sprechen insgesaml dafär, dass Chlorphenprop-methyl im Boden zunächst zu CPP hydrolysiert wird, welches anschliessend über 4-Chlorzimtsäure zu 4-Chlorbenzoesäure abgebaut wird. Von der 4-Chlorbenzoesäure aus erfolgt dann weiterer Abbau unter Ringspaltung.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00386.x
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  • 91
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    Spread of weeds from a roadside into sclerophyll forests at Dartmouth, Australia (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The extent to which alien plants have spread from an old roadside into three sclerophyll forest communities was measured at a new dam site in Victoria, Australia. The data are discussed in terms of the possible spread of weeds at sites disturbed by the dam construction and subsequent tourist activities.The frequency of alien plants in the forests declines with increasing distance from the road, and was correlated with the reduction in diffuse light. Wetter communities were more heavily colonized than drier communities. Rubus procerus P. J. Muell. and Hypochoeris radicata L. were the most successful colonizers. R. procerus, which has become a major weed in the area, was most common near wet sites such as gullies and old water races formerly used for gold mining.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00388.x
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    Absorption and efflux of chloro-s-triazines by Setaria roots (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The absorption and loss of four chloro-s-triazines was investigated in excised roots of four Setaria taxa. Different taxa absorbed the various triazines at different rates. In general, triazine absorption was greater at 2°C than at 22.5°C, and absorption rates were linear functions of external concentrations.Efflux studies showed marked differences in the rate of loss of 14C-atrazine, 14C-simazine, and 14C-propazine from root sections of robust white foxtail (Setaria viridis var. robustaalba Schreiber). The roots lost 14C-atrazine very quickly, and the loss was similar in either water or 12C-atrazine. Atrazine appears to be restricted to the apoplast of the root. 14C-atrazine was lost more rapidly than either 14C-simazine or 14C-propazine to water or to solutions containing the unlabelled herbicide. Efflux of 14C-simazine was greater than that of 14C-propazine to solutions of CaCl2. From the pattern of efflux, it was concluded that 14C-simazine and 14C-propazine accumulated in the root symplast. Furthermore, the decreases in chloro-s-triazine absorption in the presence of metabolic inhibitors (dinitrophenol, sodium arsenite) may suggest that 14C-simazine and 14C-propazine entered the symplast by an energy-dependent process.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00392.x
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    Chemical control of perennial nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) in tropical upland rice (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Five herbicides were tested in the dry and in the wet season for their effectiveness in conlrolling perennial nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) in direct-seeded upland rice in the tropics. K-223 [N-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-N'-P-tolyl urea] gave the best results. When broadcast sprayed at 8.0 kg a.i./ha in the dry season and 10 kg a.i./ha in the wet season and immediately mixed into the soit just before drilling, K-223 gave excellent perennial nutsedge control with no visible crop damage and increased the grain yield. Bentazone at 2.0 kg a.i./ha applied 7 days after crop emergence was highly selective and gave fair control of nutsedge without being toxic to the crop.MBR 8251 [1.1,1-trifluoro-4′-(phenylsulfonyl) methane-sulfono-o-toluidide] at 2.0 kg a.i./ha, mecoprop (MCPP) at 1.5 kg a.c./ha and fenoprop (silvex) at 1.0 kg a.e./ha applied 7, 14 and 7 days, respectively after crop emergence provided a fair degree of nutsedge control. Fenoprop and MBR 8251 caused slight and mecoprop moderate initial toxicity, but the injury sustained did not significantly affect crop yield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00368.x
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    The effect of asulam on two Lolium perenne swards containing Rumex obtusifolius (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The effects of asulam applied in September 1970 at 0.55, 1.12 and 2.24 kg a.i./ha on Rumex obtusifolius (L.), Lolium perenne (L.), Other grasses and Trifolium repens (L.) growing in two swards in Wales were investigated. Good short-term control of Rumex was achieved by all rates of asulum although regeneration was occurring by the spring following treatment. Dry matter yields of L. perenne were slightly lowered by 2.24 kg a.i./ha 6 weeks after spraying but production in the spring following treatment was substantially greater than on untreated plots. Poa trivialis (L.) and Agrostis stolonifera (L.) were substantially reduced but invasion of the bare spaces by P. trivialis and P. annua (L.) seedlings tended to mask the success of this control. No harmful effects on T. repens were recorded.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00369.x
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    Effects of some phenylurea herbicides on photosynthesis of two wheat varieties (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A range of plant species was treated with three commercial herbicides to which a cuticule-damaging kaolin was added. The addition of the kaolin resulted in increased phytotoxicity for Coleus blumei Benth., Phaseolus vulgaris L. and young leaves of Taraxacum offcinale Weber in laboratory and field trials, but failed significantly to increase phytotokicity for twelve common weed species.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00371.x
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    Effects of some phenylurea herbicides on photosynthesis of two wheat varieties (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Photosynthesis in the shoots of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was inhibited by certain phenylurea herbicides applied via the nutrient solution. Recovery from this inhibition after short treatments was used as a measure of the rate of inactivation of these herbicides in the leaf tissue of a variety tolerant to metoxuron (Caribo) and of a less tolerant variety (Manella). The introduction of chlorine atoms into fenuron greatly reduced the rate of inactivation in both varieties, whereas that of a methyl or butoxy group had little or no effect. Metoxuron was inactivated more readily than chlortoluron and both compounds were inactivated more rapidly in Caribo than in Manella.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00370.x
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    The hydrolysis of herbicidal phenoxyalkanoic esters to phenoxyalkanoic acids in Saskatchewan soils (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
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    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The hydrolysis of the iso-propyl, n-butyl-and iso-octyl esters of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), the n-bytyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxybutyric acid (2,4-DB) and the iso-octyl ester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxypropionic acid (2,4-DP) was studied in four prairie soils of differing textures and pH at 25±1°C. The esters were analysed using gas chromatography.After 24 h in soils at wilting point moisture, and above, less than 20% of the applied iso-propyl and n-butyl esters could be recovered from one soil type and none from the remaining three. Loss of the iso-cotyl esters was slower; however, no trace of the 2,4,5-T and 2,4-DP esters was observed in any of the moist soils after 48 and 72 h respectively. In all cases loss of all esters from air-dried soils minimal.The phenoxyalkanoic acid hydrolysis products were recovered from all soil types, treated with the various esters and identified using thin-layer chromatography.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00372.x
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistence of methazole activity in soil (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Methazole [2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolidine-3,5-dione] was applied post-emergence at 2-1 kg/ha to crops of onion (Allium cepa L.) grown on a sandy loam and the activity present in the surface 0–5 cm of soil assessed by bioassay. In spring-sown crops, activity at harvest varied from 25 to 78% of the initial acitivity in different years; losses were restricted by low temperature and low rainfall. In autumn-sown crops, little loss occurred during winter and most of the activity remained in the surface 0-5 cm. The results emphasize the need for caution in choice and timing of following crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00373.x
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    Electronic Resource
    Problems of herbicide assessment in peanuts in Jamaica (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Delays of 40 or 60 days in weeding peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) gave lower yields and fewer pods per plant but did not affect seed number per pod. Yield, pod number per plant, seeds per pod and mean weight per seed were all less in unweeded plots.In three herbicide trials crop yields were not closely correlated with crop vigour scores made several weeks before crop maturity, or with weediness scores. Correlations between yields and weed dry weights were better, but certain high-yielding herbicide treatments gave poor weed control and in some cases had low crop vigour scores. Most yield differences reflected differences in pod number per plant, with additional smaller compensating or additive effects on the other components. Certain herbicides apparently gave high mean seed weights without diminishing seed numbers per pod. Pre-emergence alachlor was the most promising herbicide, combined with preplant incorporated vernolate if nutgrass was serious. Napropamide and metobromuron merit further testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00374.x
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  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quick method of recording plant growth stages (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 16 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The recording of the stage of growth of crops and weeds by directly photocopying the plants is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1976.tb00376.x
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