ALBERT

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Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Vorwort. - Vorwort zur deutschen Ausgabe. - 1 Starthilfen. - 1.1 Einleitung. - 1.2 Die Anmeldung. - 1.3 Ein einfaches Kommando. - 1.4 Die „Shell". - 1.5 Das Handbuch. - 1.6 Das Terminal. - 1.7 Ihr Paßwort. - 1.8 Fragen. - 2 Dateien und einfache Kommandos. - 2.1 Dateien. - 2.1.1 Was ist ein Name?. - 2.2 Das Dateisystem und die Kataloge. - 2.3 Kataloge auflisten. - 2.4 Erzeugen und Verändern von Katalogen. - 2.5 Schützen Sie Ihre Privatsphäre (Dateischutz). - 2.6 Standard-Ein-und Ausgabe und ihre Umlenkung. - 2.7 Dateien und Kataloge entfernen. - 2.8 Dateien verlagern. - 2.9 Pipelines und Filter. - 2.10 Kommandoablauf im Hintergrund. - Kommando Übersicht. - Shell-Programmierung. - 2.11 Generierung von Dateinamen und Mustererkennung. - 2.12 Shell-Variablen. - 2.13 Shell-Prozeduren. - 2.13.1 Argumente in Shell-Prozeduren. - 2.14 Shell-Programmierung: Ablaufkontrolle. - 2.14.1 „for". - 2.14.2 „case". - 2.14.3 „if". - 2.14.4 „while" und „until". - 2.15 Zusammenfassung. - Eine Version des „man" Kommandos. - 2.16 Fragen. - 3 Der Editor. - 3.1 Einige willkürliche Gedanken. - 3.2 Der UNIX Editor. - 3.3 Verwendung des Editors „ed". - 3.4 Start von „ed". - 3.5 Das Kommando „append". - 3.6 Einige spezielle Adressen. - 3.7 Vorläufige Zusammenfassung. - 3.8 Das Kommando „substitute". - 3.9 Kontextsuche. - 3.10 Das Kommando „change". - 3.11 Das Kommando „move". - 3.12 Zeichen mit Sonderbedeutung. - 3.12.1 Der Pfeil "A". - 3.12.2 Der Dollar „$". - 3.12.3 Der Punkt ".". - 3.12.4 Der Stern "*". - 3.12.5 Die Klammern „[" und „]". - 3.12.6 Das Zeichen „&". - 3.13 Die Kommandos „global" und „veto". - 3.14 Zusammenfassung. - 4 C. - 4.1 Einführung. - 4.2 Einleitende Bemerkungen. - 4.3 Starthilfen. - 4.4 Zeichenketten. - 4.5 Datentypen. - 4.6 Variablen und Kommentare. - 4.7 Inkrementieren und Dekrementieren. - 4.8 Kontrollstrukturen. - 4.8.1 Die „for" Anweisung. - 4.8.2 Die „while" Anweisung. - 4.8.3 Die „do" Anweisung. - 4.8.4 Die „continue" und „break" Anweisungen. - 4.8.5 Die „if" Anweisung. - 4.8.6 Die „switch" Anweisung. - 4.9 Ausdrücke. - 4.9.1 Vergleiche. - 4.9.2 Bitmanipulationen. - 4.9.3 Logische Verknüpfungen. - 4.10 Zuweisungen. - 4.10.1 Zuweisungen als Anweisungen. - 4.10.2 Werte von Zuweisungen. - 4.10.3 Konstanten. - 4.11 Datenstrukturen. - 4.11.1 Vektoren. - 4.11.2 Strukturen. - 4.12 Zeiger. - 4.12.1 Die Verwendung von Zeigern. - 4.13 Funktionen. - 4.13.1 Funktionen vereinbaren. - 4.13.2 Argumente von C Programmen. - 4.13.3 Was steckt hinter einem Argument?. - 4.14 Die Standard-E/A-Bücherei. - 4.14.1 Lese-und Schreiboperationen. - 4.14.2 Dateiverbindungen. - 4.15 Das Ende!. - 5 Das Dateisystem von UNIX. - 5.1 Kataloge. - 5.2 Radnamen. - 5.3 „Inodes". - 5.4 Die Struktur des Dateisystems. - 5.5 Gerätedateien. - 5.6 Dateischutz. - 5.7 Nichtresidente Dateisysteme. - 5.8 Dateigröße und Dateiblockierung. - 5.9 Fragen. - 6 Software-Werkzeuge. - 6.1 Was ist ein Software-Werkzeug. - 6.2 Filter. - 6.3 Der Werkzeugkasten. - 6.4 „pr". - 6.5 Namen von Kommandos. - 6.6 „grep" und Co. - 6.7 „sort". - 6.8 „awk". - 6.9 „make". - 6.10 Zusammenfassung. - 7 Textverarbeitung. - 7.1 Einfacher Text. - 7.2 Der Gebrauch des Formatierers. - 7.2.1 Einführung. - 7.2.2 Terminologie. - 7.3 Kommandos. - 7.3.1 Absätze. - 7.3.2 Beispiele. - 7.3.3 Abmessungen der Seite ändern. - 7.4 Makros. - 7.4.1 Was ist ein Makro?. - 7.4.2 Makropakete. - 7.4.3 Andere Quellen einfügen. - 7.4.4 Einfache Makros. - 7.4.5 Makros mit Argumenten. - 7.4.6 Fluchtsymbole, das gefürchtete Zeichen \. - 7.5 Seitentitel. - 7.5.1 Titelmakros "pflanzen". - 7.5.2 Titelmakro Beispiele. - 7.6 Andere Möglichkeiten. - 7.6.1 Register. - 7.6.2 Strings. - 7.6.3 Deutsche Probleme. - 7.6.4 Ablenkungen. - 7.6.4.1 Formatierten Text umlenken. - 7.6.4.2 Transparente Zeilen. - 7.6.5 Bedingte Eingabe. - 7.7 Wie man Makros schreiben sollte. - 7.8 Ausblick. - 8 Prozesse. - 8.1 Allgemeines. - 8.2 Die Ausführung eines Programms. - 8.3 Ohne doppelten Boden. - 8.3.1 „fork". - 8.3.2 Fehler bei Systemaufrufen. - 8.4 Privatbesitz. - 8.4.1 Dateiverbindungen. - 8.4.2 Benutzeridentifikation. - 8.5 Verschiedenes. - 8.5.1 Der Arbeitskatalog. - 8.5.2 Die Benutzermaske. - 8.6 „exec". - 8.7 Signale. - 8.8 Eingabe und Ausgabe. - 8.8.1 „open", „dose" und „creat". - 8.8.2 Lesen und Schreiben. - 8.8.3 „ioctl". - 8.9 Zusammenfassung. - 9 Büchereien. - 9.1 Der Preprozessor. - 9.1.1 Textersatz. - 9.1.2 Bedingte Übersetzung. - 9.1.3 Einfügen von Dateien. - 9.1.4 Getrennte Übersetzung. - 9.2 Der Lader. - 9.3 Standard-Eingabe und Ausgabe. - 9.4 Mathematische Funktionen. - 9.5 Verschiedenes. - 9.6. Spezielle Büchereien. - 9.6.1 Arithmetik mit höherer Genauigkeit. - 9.6.2 Grafik-Routinen. - 9.7 Der Bücherei-Manager „ar". - 10 Pflege. - 10.1 Einführung. - 10.2 UNIX starten und anhalten. - 10.2.1 UNIX starten. - 10.2.2 ,,/etc/init". - 10.2.3 UNIX anhalten. - 10.3 „getty" und ,,/etc/ttys". - 10.3.1 Die Prozeßgruppe. - 10.3.2 Entschuldigungen. - 10.4 Überprüfung der Dateihierarchie. - 10.4.1 Die Datenstruktur. - 10.4.2 Algorithmen zur Kontrolle. - 10.4.3 „fsck" und andere Programme. - 10.4.4 Initialisierung. - 10.5 Datensicherung. - 10.5.1 Programme für die Datensicherung. - 10.5.2 „dump". - 10.5.3 „restor". - 10.5.4 „tar". - 10.6 Gerätedateien („Special files"). - 10.6.1 Allgemeine Eigenschaften. - 10.6.2 „mount". - 10.7 Routineaufgaben. - 10.7.1 „Ipr" — das Druckprogramm. - 10.8 Neue Benutzer. - Anhang A Allgemeine Kommandos. - Anhang B Der Editor. - B.1 Aufruf und Einschränkungen. - B.2 Kurze Liste der Kommandos. - B.3 Kommandobeschreibungen. - B.4 Begriffe. - B.4.1 Suchmuster „p". - B.4.2 Ersatztext „t". - B.4.3 „\(" und ,,\)" im Suchmuster. - B.4.4 Adresse einer Zeile „I". - B.4.5 Adressen eines Bereichs „r". - Anhange Shell-Syntax. - C.1 Kommandos. - C.2 Umlenkung der Ein-und Ausgabe. - C.3 Hintergrundkommandos. - C.4 Pipelines. - C.5 Generierung von Dateinamen (Mustererkennung). - C.6 Ersatzdarstellungen. - C.7 Shell-Prozeduren. - C.8 Shell-Parameter. - C.9 Hier-Dokumente. - C.10 Shell-Variablen. - C.11 Kontrollstrukturen. - C.12 Textersatz durch Kommandos. - C.13 Shell-Grammatik. - C. 14 Metazeichen und reservierte Worte. - Anhang D Standard-Büchereien. - D.1 Systemaufrufe. - D.2 Standard-E/A-Bücherei. - D.2.1 Eröffnen einer Dateiverbindung. - D.2.2 Informationen. - D.2.3 Transferoperationen. - D. 2.4 Formatierte Ausgabe und Eingabe. - D.2.5 Prozeßkommunikation. - D.2.6 Positionierung und Puffer. - D.2.7 Lösen einer Dateiverbindung. - D.3 Mathematikbücherei. - D.3.1 Bessel Funktionen. - D.3.2 Trigonometrische Funktionen. - D.3.3 Hyperbolische Funktionen. - D.3.4 Geometrische Funktionen. - D.3.5 Andere Funktionen. - D.4 Verschiedene Hilfsroutinen. - D.5 String-Funktionen. - D.6 Spezielle Büchereien. - D.6.1 Höhere Genauigkeit. - D.6.2 Grafik. - D.6.3 Datenbasis. - Anhang E Systemaufrufe. - UNIX Systemaufrufe. - Fehler. - Signale. - Anhang F „ovp" - Ein Dienstprogramm in C. - Anhang Beantwortung der Fragen. - Fragen im Kapitel 1. - Fragen im Kapitel 2. - Fragen in Kapitel 5. - Anhang Literaturverweise.

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Note: Contents: Preface. - ATLANTIC. - New transfer function for estimating past sea-surface conditions from sea-bed distribution of planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in the North Atlantic / Nilva G. Kipp. - Glacial North Atlantic 18,000 years ago: a CLIMAP reconstruction / Andrew Mclntyre and Nilva G. Kipp with Allen W. H. Bé, Thomas Crowley, Thomas Kellogg, James V. Gardner, Warren Prell, and William F. Ruddiman. - Late Quaternary climatic changes: Evidence from deep-sea cores of Norwegian and Greenland Seas / Thomas B. Kellogg. - Northeast Atlantic paleoclimatic changes over the past 600,000 years / W. F. Ruddiman and A. Mclntyre. - O18 record of the Atlantic Ocean for the entire Pleistocene Epoch / Jan van Donk. - Late Quaternary climatic record in western equatorial Atlantic sediment / Allan W. H. Bé, John E. Damuth, Leroy Lott, and Rosemary Free. - Late Pleistocene faunal and temperature patterns of the Colombia Basin, Caribbean Sea / Warren L. Prell and James D. Hays. - Responses of sea-surface temperature and circulation to global climatic change during the past 200,000 years in the eastern equatorial Atlantic Ocean / James V. Gardner and James D. Hays. - Equatorial Atlantic and Caribbean foraminiferal assemblages, temperatures, and circulation: Interglacial and glacial comparisons / Warren L. Prell, James V. Gardner, Allan W. H. Bé, and James D. Hays. - Corresponding patterns of contemporary pollen and vegetation in central North America / T. Webb III and J. H. McAndrews. - ANTARCTIC. - Relationship of radiolarian assemblages to sediment types and physical oceanography in the Atlantic and western Indian Ocean sectors of the Antarctic Ocean / Jose A. Lozano and James D. Hays. - Reconstruction of the Atlantic and western Indian Ocean sectors of the 18,000 B.P. Antarctic Ocean / James D. Hays, Jose A. Lozano, Nicholas Shackleton, and Grace Irving. - PACIFIC. - Late Quaternary sediment of the Panama Basin: Sedimentation rates, periodicities, and controls of carbonate and opal accumulation / Nicklas G. Pisias. - Late Quaternary accumulation rates of opal, quartz, organic carbon, and calcium carbonate in the Cascadia Basin area, northeast Pacific / G. Ross Heath, Ted C. Moore, Jr., and J. Paul Dauphin. - Glacial advance in the Gulf of Alaska area implied by ice-rafted material / Roland von Huene, Jim Crouch, and Edwin Larson. - Modern Pacific coccolith assemblages: Derivation and application to late Pleistocene paleotemperature analysis / Kurt R. Geitzenauer, Michael B. Roche, and Andrew Mclntyre. - Oxygen-isotope and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Pacific core V28-239 late Pliocene to latest Pleistocene / N. J. Shackleton and N. D. Opdyke.

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Verzeichnis der Symbole. - A. Der synoptische Wetterzustand und seine Analyse. - 1. Die Wetterkarte. - 2. Analyse des Druck- und Stromfeldes. - 3. Analyse des Druckänderungsfeldes. - 4. Analyse des Temperatur- und Feuchtefeldes. - 5. Luftmassen- und Frontenanalyse. - 6. Analyse abgeleiteter Feldgrößen (Divergenz und Vorticity) und der Vertikalbewegung. - 7. Bestimmung des zonalen Index und Konstruktion zonaler Windprofile. - 8. Satellitenmeteorologie als Hilfsmittel für die Analyse. - 9. Objektive mathematisch-numerische Analyse von Feldverteilungen. - B. Synoptische Methoden der Vorhersage. - 1. Einleitung. - 2. Kinematische Extrapolationen. - 3. Dynamische Methoden zur Vorhersage des Höhendruckfeldes. - 4. Kopplung des Boden- und Höhendruckfeldes (Steuerung der Bodendruckwellen durch die Höhenströmung). - 5. Entstehung und Entwicklung von Tiefdruckgebieten. - 6. Einfluß des Höhendruckfeldes auf die Entwicklung von Depressionen. - 7. Statische und quasistatische Prognosen. - 8. Voraussage von Bewölkung und Niederschlag. - C. Theorie der mathematischen Wettervorhersage. - 1. Problemstellung. - 2. Grundgleichungen der atmosphärischen Dynamik. - 3. Allgemeine Sätze der Wirbeldynamik. - 4. Wahl spezieller Koordinatensysteme. - 5. Berücksichtigung der Kartenprojektion. - 6. Numerische Integration der Prognosengleichungen und das Problem der Filterung. - 7. Das adiabatische Modell einer reibungsfreien trockenen Atmosphäre. - 8. Das barotrope Modell. - 9. Einfache barokline Modelle. - 10. Die Zyklogenese. - 11. Beispiel einer numerischen Vorausberechnung der Isohypsen der 500mb-Topographie mit barotropen und baroklinen Modellen. - 12. Die Ausbreitung von Luftverunreinigungen in der Atmosphäre. - Anhang. - I. Erläuterungen des Wetterschlüssels und des Eintragungsschemas. - Il. Das Stüve-Diagramm. - III. Helmholtz: Satz von der Wirbelerhaltung in einer idealen Flüssigkeit. - IV. Ertels Wirbelsatz einer reibungsfreien kompressiblen Flüssigkeit auf der rotierenden Erde. - Wichtige Konstanten und Umrechnungsfaktoren. - Literatur. - Sachverzeichnis.

Note: Table of contents --- C. Morelli: The contributions of the International Gravimetric Commission (IGC) to global surface-gravity determinations // pp. 165-177 --- C Kotsakis and M. G. Sideris: Study of the gravity field spectrum in Canada in view of cm-geoid determination // pp. 179-188 --- S.D. Pagiatakis, D. Fraser, K. McEwen, A. K. Goodacre and M. Veronneau: Topographic mass density and gravimetric geoid modelling // pp. 189-194 --- H. Denker and I.N. Tziavos: Investigation of the Molodensky series terms for terrain reduced gravity field data // pp. 195-203 --- S.A. Benhamed Daho and S. Kahlouche: Gravimetry data validation in Algeria // pp. 205-210 --- M. Mojzeš and J. Janák: New gravimetric quasigeoid of Slovakia // pp. 211-217 --- I.N. Tziavos, R. Forsberg and M.G. Sideris : Marine gravity field recovery by combining satellite altimetry and shipborne gravimetry // pp. 219-226 --- G. Fotopopulos, C. Kotsakis and M.G. Sideris: Development and evaluation of a new Canadian geoid model // pp. 227-238 --- C. Jekeli: A further evaluation of the EG M96 geopotential model based on deflections of the vertical // pp. 239-243 --- N.K. Pavlis, C.M. Cox, E.C. Pavlis and F.G. Lemoine: Intercomparison and evaluation of some contemporary global geopotential models // pp. 245-254 --- J.C. Catalao and M.J. Sevilla: Comparison between EGM96 and FCUL96B tailored geopotential model for the north-east Atlantic // pp. 255-259 --- J. Kusche, K.H. Ilk and S. Rudolph: Two-step data analysis for future satellite gravity field solutions: a simulation study // pp. 261-266 --- C. Jekeli: An analysis of geopotential difference determination from satellite-to-satellite tracking // pp. 267-272 --- J. Verdun , R. Bayer , E. Klingelé , M. Cerniar , M. Cocard , A. Geiger and M. Halliday: The Alpine Swiss French Airborne Gravimetry Project (ASFAG Project) // pp. 273-276 --- A. Albertella, F. Migliaccio and F. Sansò: New simulations for the spaceborne gravimetry inversion // pp. 277-283 --- Ch. Reigber, P. Schwintzer and H. Lühr: The CHAMP geopotential mission // pp. 285-289 --- B.D. Tapley and C. Reigber: GRACE: a satellite-to-satellite tracking geopotential mapping mission // pp. 291-291 --- S. Bettadpur, J.R. Kim and B.D. Tapley: Results from simulations studies of the GRACE mission // pp. 293-293 --- M. Aguirre-Martinez and S. Cesare: GOCE mission concept, error derivation and performances // pp. 295-302 --- H. Oberndorfer, R. Orobantu, C. Gerlach, J. Muller, R. Rummel, N. Sneetuw, R. Koop, P. Visser, P. Hoyng, A. Selig and M. Smit: GOCE sensor combination and error analysis // pp. 303-307 --- G. Balmino, F. Perosanz, R. Rummel, N. Sneeuw and H. Sunkel: CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE: mission concepts and simulations // pp. 309-319 --- P. Touboul, E. Willemenot, B. Foulon and V. Josselin: Accelerometers for CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE space missions: synergy and evolution // pp. 321-327 --- Ch. Reigber, F. Barthelmes, H. Greiner-Mai, Th. Gruber, H. Jochmann and J. Wünsch: Temporal gravity field variations from oceanic, atmospheric and inner core mass redistributions and their sensitivity to new gravity missions CHAMP and GRACE // pp. 329-340 --- R. Barzaghi, A. Borghi, L. De Stefani, A. Piatti and G. Venuti: SST estimation using collocation: method refinements and seasonal variability // pp. 341-346 --- R. Blinken and K.R. Koch: Estimation of geoid and sea surface topography from satellite altimetry by the adjoint method // pp. 347-352 --- R. Devoti, V. Luceri, P. Rutigliano, C. Sciarretta and G. Bianco: Time series of low degree zonals obtained analyzing different geodetic satellites // pp. 353-358 --- N.K. Pavlis, C.M. Cox, Y.M. Wang and F.G. Lemoine: Further analyses towards the introduction of ocean circulation model information into geopotential solutions // pp. 359-367 --- O.B. Andersen, P. Knudsen, S. Kenyon and R. Trimmer: Recent improvement in the KMS global marine gravity field // pp. 369-377 --- T. Bašic and M. Brkic: The latest efforts in geoid determination in Croatia // pp. 379-386 --- M. Rentsch, Th. Gruber and M. Anzenhofer: A global grid of high-resolution gravity anomalies based on Geosat and ERS-1 altimetry // pp. 387-394 --- G. Rodríguez, M.J. Sevilla and C. De Toro: Crossover analysis in the Canary-Azores region of ERS-1 altimetric data // pp. 395-401 --- G. Tóth, J. Ádám, I.N. Tziavos and V.D. Andritsanos: Gravimetric geoid computations in Hungary and the sorrounding area // pp. 403-409 --- D. Arabelos, S.D. Spatalas, I.N. Tziavos, M.J. Sevilla, G. Rodriguez, C. De Toro, J. Catalao and J. Calvao: A new high resolution geoid for the Iberian Atlantic continental shelf area // pp. 411-419 --- D. Dreher, M.F. Lalancette and M. Maia: Roughness of the gravity and seafloor topography used to infer geodynamic settings // pp. 421-426 --- O.B. Andersen: Shallow water tidal determination from altimetry - the M4 constituent // pp. 427-437 --- P. Knudsen and O. Andersen: A global high resolution mean sea surface from multi mission satellite altimetry // pp. 439-443 --- P. Holota: A construction of Galerkin’ smatrix in quasi-geoid determination // pp. 445-450 --- M.G. Doufexopoulou and V.N. Pagounis: Investigation of raw variance and variability spectra from non gravimetric geoidal signals // pp. 451-460 --- G. Gerstbach: Inversion of vertical deflection data by the program GREMMO // pp. 461-468 --- C. Braitenberg and M. Zadro: Iterative 3D gravity inversion with integration of seismologic data // pp. 469-475 --- V. Baiocchi, M. Crespi and F. Riguzzi: Mean density map for the Italian region by GIS techniques // pp. 477-482 --- V. Josselin, E. Willemenot and P. Touboul: Digital electronics for electrostatic accelerometers interest for high resolution and in-orbit calibration // pp. 483-486 --- J.M. Brown, T.M. Niebauer and F.J. Klopping: Results from a new interferometric ballistic differential gravity meter // pp. 487-496 --- G. Berrino, G. Cerrutti, G. Corrado, P. De Maria and U. Riccardi: Gravity studies on active Italian volcanoes: a comparison between absolute and relative gravimetry // pp. 497-510 --- Y. Fukuda, T. Sato, Y. Tamura and Y. Aoyama: The effects of sea-surface height variations on the long-period gravity changes // pp. 511-517 --- M. Amalvict, J. Hinderer and J.P. Boy: A comparative analysis between an absolute gravimeter (FG5-206) and a superconducting gravimeter ( GWR CO26) in Strasbourg: new results on calibration and long-term gravity changes // pp. 519-525 --- E. Willemenot, P.Touboul and V. Josselin: Gradiometer calibration and performance verification: GOCE approach // pp. 527-532 --- M.F. Lalancette-Le Quentrec, B. Simon, D. Orseau, N. Florisch, M. Llubes, m. Amalvict and J. Hinderer: Ocean loading and crustal deformation in Bretagne (France ) an experiment involving differential GPS, gravimetry and tide gauges // pp. 533-536 --- Y. Kuroishi: Improvement of Japanese geoid with lD- FFT method and its comparison with altimetry-derived geoid // pp. 537-543 --- N. Kühtreiber: Combining gravity anomalies and deflections of the vertical for a precise Austrian geoid // pp. 545-553 --- M. Kuhn: The influence of different crust models on the gravity field of the Earth // pp. 555-562 --- H.A. Abd-Elmotaal: Comparison among different geoid solutions for the Egyptian south-western desert using FFT technique // pp. 563-569 --- J. Ádám: Difference between geoid undulation and quasigeoid height in Hungary // pp. 571-575 --- C. Braitenberg and M. Zadro: The Grotta Gigante horizontal pendulums - instrumentation and observations // pp. 577-582 --- P. Baldi, G. Casula, J. Hinderer and M. Amalvict: Calibration of a superconducting gravimeter: a comparison between the mass attraction method and the use of FG5 absolute gravity measurements // pp. 583-588 --- L. Biagi, R. De Stefano, F. Sansó and C. Sciarretta: RTC and density variations in the estimation of local geoids // pp. 589-595 --- A. De Bruijne, R. Haagmans and E. De M

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Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Foreword Introduction Terminology Tool forces Number of active cutting teeth Tool force and chain force Chain power Tool turce and belt power Tractive thrust and normal reaction Traction of carrier vehicles Power/weight ratio Cutter bar moments Specific energy Performance index Power density Apparent belt pressure Acceleratin and transport of cuttings Examples

Note: Contents Abstract Preface Introduction Background Fast ice study area Results and discussion Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Conversion factors: U.S. customary to metric (SI) units of measurement. Introduction Background Objectives Project history Approach Aircraft imagery LANDSAT-1 imagery NOAA-2 and -3 satellite imagery Ground truth data Imagery and ground truth data analysis Physical and cultural setting Geography Geology Climate Hydrology Local industry and population density Sources of estuarine pollution Results and discussion Coastal configuration Bathymetry Tides Asymmetry of tidal flow/duration across inlet Suspended sediment distribution and circulation Sea ice Tidal flushing characteristics Summary and conclusions Applications Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A. RS-14 infrared scanner imagery

Note: Contents: Abstract Preface Summary Notation Scope of the study Part I. Energy balance computations Introduction The experimental sites Instrumentation Theoretical Radiation heat flow Hr Sensible heat flux Hc and latent heat flux He The application of the heat flow model Results and discussion Conclusions and recommendations Part II. Comparison of water runoff computations and measurements Introduction The runoff model The unsaturated zone The saturated layer The field study Instrumentation of the plots Descriptive hydrology Application of the runoff model The unsaturated zone The saturated zone Discussion and conclusions Comparison of predicted and observed hydrographs Factors affecting results Literature cited

Note: Contents Section I: Introduction Section II: Analytical procedures 1. Fourier transforms 2. Basic transform properties 3. Transform techniques 4. The transfer function Section II: Parameter studies and program evaluations 1. Analytical parameter study 2. I-TRAIN evaluation 3. S-TRAIN evaluation Section IV: Data 1. DATEX I 2. DATEX II 3. STARMET 4. MINERAL LODE 5. HARD HAT and PILEDRIVER Section V: Analysis of transformed data 1. Absorption 2. Dispersion 3. Transfer function Section VI: Fourier synthesis Section VII: Discussion Literature cited Appendix A: The Fourier integral and series Appendix B: Subroutine FOURT used in analysis Appendix C: I-TRAIN and S-TRAIN programs

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Conversion factors: U.S. customary to metric (SI) units of measurement Section I: Use of auxiliary devices for ACV control Introduction Discussion of wheels as a control device Dual wheels Single wheel Tandem wheels Application to existing ACV’s Other control devices Turning force Conclusions Section II: Use of flexible skirts for ACV control Introduction The flexible skirt as a control device Model tests Conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Measurement techniques employed Ground Airborne Magnetometer survey Results Ground control study VLF survey Bedrock geology and resistivity Aeromagnetic survey results Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A. Theory of electromagnetic resistivity surveying Appendix B. Magnetic surveying

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Equipment The microscope system The camera system Tools for preparation of sample Laboratory procedure Categorizing artifact Choosing setup Preparing sample llluminating sample Photographing artifact Results Literature cited Selected bibliography Appendix. Reference information for photomacrographic and photo-micrographic applications

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift , Zusammenfassung und Inhaltsverzeichnis in englischer Sprache

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: The field experiments were continued to estimate convective storm particulate scavenging efficiency in proximity to the St. Louis, Missouri urban-industrial complex. Complementary studies of the urban aerosol characterization, source strength, and removal processes were also studied. The 1975 field effort shifted emphasis from the immediate St. Louis area to the Alton-Wood River industrial complex. Along with the change in size and configuration of the network, there were increases in the numbers of most types of samplers. The new network yielded the following types of samples for analysis and interpretation: 1065 total rain samples from 85 sites; 68 sequential rainwater samples from 2 locations; 272 wet/dry samples from 7 locations; 216 air filter samples from 7 locations; 36 air filter samples from aircraft; and raindrop spectrometer data from 11 sites for the period 17 June-18 August. The analysis procedures require that all water samples undergo filtering for separate analyses of soluble and insoluble fractions of the elemental concentrations. This data collection effort provided a record number of samples for chemical analysis. Approximately 4000 pibals and over 370 radiosondes were released in the operational period, providing wind and thermodynamic data on 33 days. Aircraft missions were flown on 24 days, with one air tracer release of cesium on 19 July 1975. The status of the analysis of all types of data is described.

Note: CONTENTS Preface CONFERENCE SUMMARY / A. L. Fymat TEMPERATURE SOUNDING INVERSION METHODS AND THE OBSOLESCENCE OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR SPECIFYING PHYSICAL OBSERVABLES / J. I. F. King SOME EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECT OF REMOTE SOUNDING TEMPERATURES UPON WEATHER FORECASTING / M. Halem, M. Ghil and R. Atlas NONLINEAR INVERSION: THEORY AND PRAXIS / J. I. F. King A NEW TREATMENT OF THE BOUNDARY TERM IN THE INVERSION OF THE RADIATIVE TRANSFER EQUATION / H. E. Fleming and D. S. Crosby EVALUATION OF ERRORS IN DERIVED CLEAR COLUMN RADIANCES / L. McMillin RECURSIVE FILTERING OF RADIANCE DATA FROM NIMBUS-E SATELLITE / I. A. Ismail DEPENDENCE OF THE TEMPERATURE DEVIATION OF THE OCEAN SURFACE AS MEASURED BY SATELLITE ON THE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF AEROSOLS / T. Takashima THE DETERMINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE PROFILES FROM INFRARED INTERFEROMETER MEASUREMENTS ON BOARD OF METEOR-25 / V. A. Golovko and D. Spänkuch COMPOSITION SOUNDING GLOBAL TOTAL OZONE DETERMINATION FROM NIMBUS 4 BUV SPACECRAFT DATA / A. J. Fleig, R. S. Fraser, B. W. Guenther, D. F. Heath, E. Hilsenrath, L. V. Novak, V. G. Kaveeshwar, R. D. McPeters, C. L. Mateer and A. G. Miller INFORMATION CONTENT AND RESULTS OF NON-LINEAR INVERSION OF NIMBUS 6 LIMB RADIANCE INVERSION RADIOMETER DATA / J. C. Gille and P. L. Bailey AN APPROXIMATE METHOD FOR NONLINEAR INVERSION OF LIMB RADIANCE OBSERVATIONS / P. L. Bailey and J. C. Gille A NONLINEAR TECHNIQUE FOR INVERTING LIMB ABSORPTION PROFILES / J. D. Mill and S. R. Drayson SENSITIVITY OF THE INVERSION OF LIMB RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS IN THE 6.3μm WATER VAPOR BAND / H. Fischer AN ANALYSIS OF NIMBUS-V THIR 6-7 μm OBSERVATIONS OVER THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA / M. Roulleau MICROWAVE GROUND-BASED DETERMINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC TOTAL WATER CONTENT / G. G. Shchukin and L. P. Bobylev A SOLAR HETERODYNE RADIOMETER FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE ALTITUDINAL PROFILES OF ATMOSPHERIC GASES / V. I. Astakhov, N. V. Vanin, V. V. Galaktionov, V. M. Dorokhov, V. M. Zakharovand V. U. Khattatov PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING IN THE PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE SCATTERING: A NUMERICAL INVERSION METHOD / B. R. Barkstrom PARTICULATE SOUNDING RECONSTRUCTING THE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF SPHERICAL PARTICLES FROM ANGULAR FORWARD SCATTERING DATA / A. L. Fymat and K. D. Mease COMPLEX REFRACTIVE INDEX OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS: A SIZE DISTRIBUTION INDEPENDENT RETRIEVAL APPROACH USING MULTISPECTRAL TRANSMISSION RATIOS / A. L. Fymat and K. D. Mease THE METHOD OF MULTIFREQUENCY LASER SOUNDING OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL MICROSTRUCTURE / V. E. Zuev and I. E. Naats LASER SOUNDING OF THE ATMOSPHERE USING AEROSOL SCATTERING / V. E. Zuev STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOL LAYERS MONITORED BY LIDAR / R. Reiter, H. Jaeger, W. Carnuth and M. Littfass LIDAR DETECTION OF ATMOSPHERIC CONTAMINANTS BY RAMAN SCATTERING AND FLUORESCENCE SPECTRA / V. M. Zakharov and V. A. Torgovichev REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUD PROPERTIES FROM NIMBUS 5 / D. J. McCleese THE ATMOSPHERIC BLURRING EFFECT OF REMOTELY SENSED EARTH IMAGERY / S. Ueno, Y. Haba, Y. Kawata, T. Kusaka and Y. Terashita Author Index Subject Index

Note: Dissertation, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, 1979

Note: Introduction Climatic changes as possible consequences of human activities Impact study Case study: the impacts of a CO₂-induced climatic change on the agricultural sector of the European Communities Case study: the impacts of a CO₂-induced climatic change on water availability in the European Communities Case study: the impacts of a CO₂-induced climatic change on the energy sector of the European Communities Case study: the economic consequences of a change in climate on agriculture.

Note: Preface 1 Introduction 2 Introduction to Equilibrium Thermodynamics Gibbs energy and equilibrium G-x and T-x diagrams Algebraic equilibrium relations Approach 1 Approach 2 General equilibrium relation Worked examples 2 Problems 2 References 3 Activities and Standard States Standard state 1 Standard state 2 Standard state 3 Standard state 4 Summary Worked examples 3 Problems 3 References 4 Thermodynamics of Solids Mole fractions Activity coefficients Worked examples 4 Problems 4 References 5 Thermodynamics of Fluids Aqueous fluids Ions in solution Silicate liquids Worked examples 5 Problems 5 References 6 Equilibrium Thermodynamic Calculations Data Uncertainties Worked examples 6 Problems 6 References 7 Processes 1 Nucleation and growth Mass transfer Temperature-time dependence of rate processes Worked examples 7 References 8 Processes 2 Buffering Metasomatism Fractionation Worked examples 8 Problems 8 References 9 Petrological Topics Worked examples 9 References Appendix A Thermodynamic Properties Introduction Volume Entropy Enthalpy Gibbs energy Simplifications Approximations Volume Heat capacity Entropy and enthalpy Thermodynamic data References Appendix B A Maths Refresher Some formulae and relationships Solving a set of simultaneous equations Appendix C Standard States for Fluids Appendix D Solutions to Problems Appendix E Symbols, Units and Constants Index

Note: Table of Contents Introduction W. W. Bishop Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, NP, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.01 Historical background: Early exploration in the East African Rift—the Gregory Rift valley Peter Kent Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 1-4, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.02 Part I. Frameworks: Structural—Volcanic—Geophysical Rifting in east Africa and large-scale tectonic processes E. Ronald Oxburgh Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 7-18, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.03 Structural development of the East African Rift system Robert M. Shackleton Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 19-28, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.04 Structural and volcanic evolution of the Gregory Rift Valley Basil C. King Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 29-54, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.05 Character of Quaternary volcanism in the Gregory Rift Valley Laurence A. J. Williams Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 55-69, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.06 Geophysical investigations and the Rift Valley geology of Kenya M. Aftab Khan and Christopher J. Swain Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 71-83, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.07 Part II. Background: Palaeontological and Archaeological Problems Taphonomical background to fossil man-problems in palaeoecology Andrew Hill Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 87-101, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.08 A statistical approach to temporal biostratigraphy R. T. Shuey, Frank H. Brown, G. G. Eck and F. Clark Howell Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 103-124, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.09 Allometry and Hominid studies Bernard A. Wood Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 125-138, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.10 The first geologists—the archaeology of the original rock breakers Glynn Ll. Isaac Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 139-147, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.11 Part III. Regional Studies in the Gregory Rift Valley Olduvai Gorge 1911–75: a history of the investigations Mary D. Leakey Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 151-155, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.12 Fossil hominids from the Laetolil Beds, Tanzania Mary D. Leakey, R. L. Hay, G. H. Curtis, R. E. Drake, M. K. Jackes and T. D. White Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 157-170, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.13 Geological Map of the Olorgesailie Area, Kenya Robert M. Shackleton Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 171-172, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.14 The Olorgesailie Formation: Stratigraphy, tectonics and the palaeogeographic context of the Middle Pleistocene archaeological sites Glynn Ll. Isaac Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 173-206, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.15 Chronostratigraphy of the Baringo Basin, Kenya Gregory R. Chapman and Maureen Brook Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 207-223, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.16 Preliminary observations on the palaeomagnetic stratigraphy of the area west of Lake Baringo, Kenya Peter Dagley, Alan E. Mussett and H. C. Palmer Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 225-235, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.17 Geology, palaeoenvironments and vertebrate faunas of the mid-Miocene Ngorora Formation, Kenya Martin H. L. Pickford Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 237-262, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.18 Stratigraphy and mammalian palaeontology of the late-Miocene Lukeino Formation, Kenya Martin H. L. Pickford Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 263-278, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.19 Fossil Hippopotamidae from the Baringo Basin and relationships within the Gregory Rift, Kenya Shirley Cameron Coryndon Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 279-292, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.20 The fossil bovidae of the Baringo Area, Kenya Alan W. Gentry Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 293-308, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.21 Chesowanja: a revised geological interpretation William Bishop, Andrew Hill and Martin Pickford Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 309-327, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.22 (A) Geological framework of the Kilombe Acheulian archaeological site, Kenya Walter W. Bishop Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 329-336, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.23 (B) Kilombe—an Acheulian site complex in Kenya John A. J. Gowlett Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 337-360, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.24 Geological setting of the hominid fossils and Acheulian artifacts from the Kapthurin Formation, Baringo District, Kenya Peter W. J. Tallon Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 361-373, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.25 The early history of the Turkana Depression Robert J. G. Savage and Peter G. Williamson Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 375-394, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.26 Stratigraphy, sedimentary facies and paleoenvironments, East Lake Turkana, Kenya Carl F. Vondra and Bruce E. Bowen Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 395-414, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.27 Isochronous surfaces within the Plio-Pleistocene sediments east of Lake Turkana Ian C. Findlater Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 415-420, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.28 Y Correlation of Plio-Pleistocene sequences in the northern Lake Turkana Basin: a summary of evidence and issues Anna K. Behrensmeyer Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 421-440, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.29 Geochronological problems and radioisotopic dating in the Gregory Rift Valley Frank J. Fitch, Paul J. Hooker and John A. Miller Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 441-461, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.30 Age of KBS Tuff in Koobi Fora Formation, East Lake, Turkana, Kenya G. H. Curtis, R. E. Drake, T. E. Cerling, B. W. Cerling and J. H. Hampel Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 463-469, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.003.01.31 Magneto-stratigraphy east of Lake Turkana and at Olduvai Gorge: a brief summary Andrew Brock Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 471, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.32 Observations on problems of correlation of late Cenozoic hominid-bearing formations in the North Lake Turkana Basin F. H. Brown, F. Clark Howell and G. G. Eck Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 473-

Note: Contents Preface List of Contributors Section I. Floristics, Vegetation, and Primary Production Ia. Vascular Plants Ib. Nonvascular Plants 1. Introduction / LARRY L. TIESZEN Background Research Design and Site Selections Overview of the Barrow Ecological System References 2. Vegetation, Floristics, and Phytogeography of Northern Alaska / D. F. MURRAY Tundra Landscapes and Vegetation Floristics and Phytogeography Acknowledgments References 3. Spatial and Temporal Variation of the Vegetation and its Productivity / P. J. WEBBER Introduction and Site Overview Methods Results Discussion Summary and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 4. Seasonal Dynamics of Above- and Belowground Production of Vascular Plants at Barrow, Alaska / J. G. DENNIS , L. L. TIESZEN and M. A. VETTER Introduction Methods and Materials Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 5. Floristics, Phytogeography and Ecology of Arctic Alaskan Bryophytes / W. C. STEERE The Bryophyte Flora and its Floristic Elements Ecology and Physical Factors of the Environment Acknowledgments References 6. Composition and Bryomass of the Moss Layers of Two Wet-Tundra-Meadow Communities near Barrow, Alaska / J. R. RASTORFER Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 7. The Role of Lichens in the Structure, Productivity, and Mineral Cycling of the Wet Coastal Alaskan Tundra / M. E. WILLIAMS , E. D. RUDOLPH , E. A. SCHOFIELD , and D. C. PRASHER Introduction Environmental Setting Lichen Occurrence Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 8. The Role of Algae in Tundra Soil / R. E. CAMERON , A. D. KNOX , and F. A. MORELLI Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 9. Ecto- and Endomycorrhizae of Arctic Plants at Barrow, Alaska / O. K. MILLER, JR. and G. A. LAURSEN Introduction Distribution of Ectomycorrhizae Distribution of Endomycorrhizae Distribution of Mycorrhizal Fungi Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Conclusions and Discussion Acknowledgments References Section II. Photosynthesis, Respiration and Water Relations. IIa. Plant and Community Photosynthesis IIb. Photosynthesis and Water Relations 10. Photosynthesis in the Principal Barrow, Alaska Species: A Summary of Field and Laboratory Responses / L. L. TlESZEN Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 11. Primary Production Processes in Arctic Bryophytes at Barrow, Alaska / W. C. OECHEL and B. SVEINBJÖRNSSON Introduction Field Research Site Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 12. Meteorological Assessment of CO2 Exchange Over an Alaskan Arctic Tundra / P. I. COYNE and J. J. KELLEY Introduction Theory Experimental Procedure Data Analysis Results Contents Discussion Acknowledgments References 13. Constraints on Tundra Productivity: Photosynthetic Capacity in Relation to Solar Radiation Utilization and Water Stress in Arctic and Alpine Tundras / M. M. CALDWELL, D. A. JOHNSON and M. FAREED Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References 14. Some Aspects of Water Relations of Arctic and Alpine Regions / P. C. MILLER, W. A. STONER, and J. R. EHLERINGER Introduction Conceptual Framework Methods Results Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 15. Radio-Tracer Measurement of Transpiration in Tundra Vegetation, Barrow, Alaska / J. J. KORANDA , B. CLEGG, and M. STUART Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 16. Simulation of the Effect of the Tundra Vascular Plant Canopy on the Productivity of Four Moss Species / W. A. STONER, P. C. MILLER, and W. C. OECHEL Introduction Simulation Models and Methods Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References Section III. Growth and the Allocation and Use of Mineral and Organic Nutrients IIIa. Growth and Organic Nutrient Allocation IIIb. Inorganic Nutrient Utilization, Response to Fertilization, and Nitrogen Fixation IIIc. Growth, Nutrient and Population Modeling 17. Translocation and Allocation of 14C-Photoassimilate by Dupontia fisheri / M. L. ALLESSIO and L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 18. Growth, Turnover, and Respiration Rates of Roots and Tillers in Tundra Graminoids / W. D. BILLINGS, K. M. PETERSON, and G. R. SHAVER Introduction Methods Results Conclusions Acknowledgments References 19. The Interactions of Organic Nutrients, Soil Nitrogen, and Soil Temperature and Plant Growth and Survival in the Arctic Environment / B. H. MCCOWN Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 20. Plant Nutrient Limitations of Tundra Plant Growth / A. ULRICH and P. L. GERSPER Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 21. Phosphate Uptake and Nutrient Utilization by Barrow Tundra Vegetation / F. S. CHAPIN, III Introduction Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 22. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Carbohydrate and Nutrient Levels in Dupontia fisheri and Arctagrostis latifolia / J. D. MCKENDRICK, V. J. OTT , and G. A. MITCHELL Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 23. Nitrogen Fixation in Arctic and Alpine Tundra / V. ALEXANDER, M. BILLINGTON, and D. M. SCHELL Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 24. A Model of Plant Growth and Phosphorus Allocation for Dupontia fisheri in Coastal, Wet-Meadow Tundra / W. A. STONER, P. C. MILLER, and L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Description of the Model Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 25. A Model of Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, Phosphorus Allocation and Growth in Tundra Production / P. C. MILLER, W. A. STONER, L. L. TIESZEN , M. ALLESSIO, B. MCCOWN , F. S. CHAPIN, and G. SHAVER Introduction Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References 26. A Simulation Model of Population Processes of Arctic Tundra Graminoids / B. A. LAWRENCE , M. C. LEWIS , and P. C. MILLER Introduction The Model Methods of Simulations Validation Simulation Experiments Summary Acknowledgments References 27. Summary / L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Historical and Floristic Relationships Abiotic Relationships Spatial and Temporal Relationships Summary References Appendix: Checklists of Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens for the Alaskan U.S. IBP Tundra Biome Study Areas - Barrow, Prudhoe Bay, Eagle Summit / BARBARA M. MURRAY AND DAVID F. MURRAY Introduction Checklists References Index

Note: ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ Введение 3 Глава 1. Природно-климатические условия 1.1. Геология и геоморфология 1.2. Многолетняя мерзлота 1.3. Почвообразующие породы 1.4. Климат 1.5. Поверхностные воды 1.6. Растительность Глава 2. Особенности почвообразования в аласах 2.1. Краткая история исследования почв аласов 2.2. Аласный термокарстовый рельеф 2.3. Влияние аласов на почвообразование 2.4. Аласный тип почвообразования Глава 3. Почвы 3.1. Зональные почвы 3.1.1. Мерзлотные палевые почвы 3.1.2. Мерзлотные палевые осолоделые почвы 3.1 .3. Мерзлотные таежные оподз аленные почвы 3.2. Почвы аласов 3.2.1. Аласные болотные и заболоченные почвы 3.2.2. Аласные луговые почвы 3.2.3. Аласные остепненные почвы Глава 4. Структура почвенного покрова аласов 4.1. Условия дифференциации почвенного покрова аласов 4.2. Структура почвенного покрова различных по рельефу аласов 4.3. Неоднородность почвенного покрова разновозрастных термокарстовых котловин Заключение Список литературы

Note: CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TECTONICS OF TRANSBAIKAL AND ADJACENT TERRITORIES The main results and tasks of geological service of Buryat ASSR / A.S. Filko, P.Ch. Shobogorov, V.A. Lbov The state and perspectives of development of the Earth's sciences in Buryat ASSR / G.V. Andreev, V.V. Zolotukhin, Ts.O. Ochirov. The main problems of tectonics of Transbaikalje / l.V. Luchitsky The pecularities of the tectonics evolucion's style of Sayan-Baikal mountain folded belt (on territory of Buryat ASSR) / V.P. Arsentyev, P.M. Khrenov. On structural position of Transhaikal in the Middle-Asian transcontinental mobile belt / Ts.O. Ochirov On nature of mosaic structure of Transbaikal / E.N. Altukhov The continental Mesosoic structures of Transbaikal / Ts.O. Ochirov, K.B. Bulnaev, V.I. Turunkhaev, Ts.Ts. Tsyrendorzhiev Some regularities of development of Earth crust's structure of south territory of Eastern Siberia in Pre-Cambrian and Lower Paleozoic / S.M.Zamaraev, A.M. Mazukabzov, E.P. Vasilyev, A. T. Sezko The main features of evolution of tectonic magmatic stages of North Prebaikal / V. V. Balkhanov Tectonic structure and development of North territory of Baikal mountains in Late Pre-Cambrian and Early Paleozoic / S.A. Gurulev Influence of Pre-Cambrien North Muja block on sedimentation in Early and Middle Cambrian / B.A. Dalmatov, M.M.Yazmir On distinguishing of subzones in Gida Early Paleozoic structural-formation zone / M.M. Yazmir Tectonic structures of Khilok structural-formation zone (Western Transbaikal) / V.l. Sizykh Middle and Upper Paleozoic outgeosyncline magmatism of Sayan-Baikal mountain region / I. V. Gordienko Role of granitoids in reconstruction of paleotectonic condition (examplified by Transbaikal) / V.A. Dvorkin-Samarsky Principles of systematics and study of deep faults of south part of Siberian platform's frame / V.G. Gladkov, V.A. Naumov, V.l. Sizykh Magmatism of boundary sutures of Siberian platform in Middle Proterozoic / A.A. Bukharov Faults of Sayan-Baikal mountain region and some problems of its study / Ts.O. Ochirov, S.I. Sherman, V.F. Erkhov Structural-formation complexes of deep faults and rumple zones (Baikal mountain region) / M.P. Lobanov, I.A. Okhotnikov The deep faults of Transbaikal and its reflections in geophysical fields / Ts. Ts. Tsyrendorzhiev Faults of Baikal-Patom Upland according to geological-geophysical data / Yu.I. Egorov. Tectonics and metallogeny of Buryat ASSR / P.Ch. Shobogorov, A.S. Filko, V.V. Levitsky The deep faults are the main ore-controling structures of Western Baikalian rare-mecall province / E.E. Baturina Sayan-Transbaikalian poligonal system of ore-belts / V. V. Levitsky GENERAL QUESTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES Problems of postgeosyncline tectonic development of Central Asian folded belt / A.L. Yanshin Geosyncline folded structures of the Mongolian People's Republic / N.S. Zaitsev, The main features of tectonics of central zone of Eastern Mongolia as region of Mesozoic Tectonic-magmatic stirring up / V. T. Grigorov Pre-Cambrian tectonics of Ural-Mongolian belt and the problem of paleooceans / L.M. Parfyonov, V.A. Popeko Problem of "foundation" of Baikalian folded region / K.A. Klitin Orogenic stage of baikalids and time of its formation / A.N. Bulgatov The main features of tectonics of caledonides of South Siberia / A.L. Dodin Outgeosyncline collapse depressions of South Siberia and methodological aspects of its study / V.S. Bochkarev Minor structural forms of metamorphic strata of Eastern Transbaikal and of South Ural / V.I. Gromin The main features of structure and development of orogenic regions of North-Eastern Asia / K.B. Mokshantsev Some physical regularities of formation of Earth crust's faults / S.I. Sherman Recent Earth crust's movements in south part of Baikalian rift zone and in adjacent regions / P.P. Kolmogorova, B.G. Kolmogorov The peculiarities of structure of recent and ancient rift zones / V.V. Fedynsky, A.G. Gainanov, B.A. Sokolov, N.A. Strakhova Role of wave movements in formation of tectonic structures of South Siberian boundary system / V.G. Gladkov , СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ ТЕКТОНИКА ЗАБАЙКАЛЬЯ И СМЕЖНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ Основные итоги и задачи геологоразведочной службы Бурятской АССР / А. С. Филько, П. Ч. Шобогоров, В. А. Лбов, Состояние и перспективы развития наук о Земле в Бурятской АССР / Г. В. Андреев, В. В. Золотухин, Ц. О. Очиров Основные проблемы тектоники Забайкалья / И. В. Лучицкий Особенности стиля тектонической эволюции Саяно-Байкальского горно-складчатого пояса (в пределах Бурятской АССР) / В. П. Арсентьев, П. М. Хренов О структурном положении Забайкалья в Срединно-Азиатском трансконтинентальном подвижном поясе / Ц. О. Очиров О природе мозаичности структурного плана Забайкалья / Е. Н. Алтухов Континентальные структуры мезозоя Забайкалья / Ц. О. Очиров, К. Б. Булнаев, В. И. Турунхаев, Ц. Ц. Цырендоржиев Некоторые закономерности развития структуры земной коры юга Восточной Сибири в докембрии и нижнем палеозое / С. М. Замараев, А. М. Мазукабзов, Е. П. Васильев, А. И. Сезько Основные черты эволюции тектоно-магматических этапов Северного Прибайкалья / В. В. Балханов Тектоническое строение и развитие северной части Байкальской горной области в позднем докембрии и раннем палеозое / С. А. Гурулев Влияние докембрийской Северо-Муйской глыбы на осадконакопление в раннем и среднем кембрии / Б. А. Далматов, М. М. Язмир К выделению подзон в Джидинской раннепалеозойской структурно-формационной зоне / М. М. Язмир Тектонические структуры Хилокской структурно-формационной зоны (Западное Забайкалье) / В. И. Сизых Средне- и верхнепалеозойский внегеосинклинальный магматизм Саяно-Байкальской горной области / И. В. Гордиенко Роль гранитоидов в восстановлении палеотектонической обстановки (на примере Забайкалья) / В. А. Дворкин- Самарский Принципы, систематики и изучения глубинных разломов южного обрамления Сибирской платформы / В. Г. Гладков, В. А. Наумов, В. И. Сизых Магматизм краевых швов Сибирской платформы в среднем протерозое / А. А. Бухаров Разломная тектоника Саяно-Байкальской горной области и некоторые проблемы ее изучения / Ц. О. Очиров, С. И. Шерман, В. Ф. Ерхов Структурно-формационные комплексы глубинных разломов и зон смятий (Байкальская горная область) / М. П. Лобанов, И. А. Охотников Глубинные разломы Забайкалья и их отражение в геофизических полях / Ц. Ц. Цырендоржиев Разрывная тектоника Байкало-Патомского нагорья в свете геолого-геофизических данных / Ю. И. Егоров Тектоника и металлогения Бурятской АССР / П. Ч. Шобогоров, А . С. Филько, В. В. Левицкий Глубинные разломы - главные рудоконтролирующие структуры Западно-Забайкальской редкометальной провинции / Е. Е. Батypина Саяно-Забайкальская решетчатая система рудных поясов / В. В. Левицкий ОБЩИЕ ВОПРОСЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СТРУКТУР Проблемы постгеосинклинальноrо тектонического развития Центрально-Азиатского складчатого пояса / А. Л Яншин Геосииклинальные складчатые структуры МНР / Н. С. Зайцев Основные черты тектоники Центральной зоны Восточной Монголии как области мезозойской тектоно-маrматической активизации / В. Т. Григоров Докембрийская тектоника Урало-Монгольского пояса и проблема палеоокеанов / Л. М. Парфенов, В. А. Попеко Проблема "фундамента" Байкальской складчатой области / К. А . Клитин Орогенный ярус байкалид и время его формирования / А. Н. Булгатов Основные черты тектонического строения каледонид юга Сибири / А. Л. Додин Внегеосинклинальные впадины обрушения юга Сибири и методологическне аспекты их изучения / В. С. Бочкарев Малые структурные формы метаморфических толщ Восточного Забайкалья и Южного Урала / В. И. Громин Основные черты строения и развития орогенных областей северо-востока Азии / К. Б. Мокшанцев Некоторые физические закономерности формирования сети разломов земной коры / С. И. Шерман Современные движения земной коры в южной части Байкальской рифтовой зоны и в сопредельных областях / П. П. Колмогорова, В. Г. Колмогоров Особенности строения современных и древних рифтовых зон / В. В. Федынский, А. Г. Гайнанов , Б. А . Соколов, Н. А. Страхова Роль волновых движений в формировании тектонических структур Южно-Сибирской краевой системы / В. Г. Гладков , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: In Maschinenschr. vervielf.

Note: Contents: Conference participants. - Foreword / B. W. Robinson. - OCEANOGRAPHY. - Oceanic nitrogen isotopes and their uses in determining the source of sedimentary nitrogen / R. E. Sweeney, K. K. Liu, and I. R. Kaplan. - Stable isotope studies in the Gulf of St Lawrence, Canada / F. C. Tan and A. Walton. - Carbon isotope variations in total carbon dioxide and methane from interstitial waters of nearshore sediments / T. Whelan III, B. B. Bernard, and J. M. Brooks. - Fractionation of sulphate oxygen and sulphur isotopes by marine sediment retention / G. Cortecci. - PALEOCLIMATOLOGY. - Stable-isotope paleoclimatology: a possible measure of past seasonal contrast from foraminiferal tests / W. G. Deuser. - The possibilities of deriving past climate information from stable isotope studies on tree rings / A. T. Wilson and M. J. Grinsted. - Stable carbon isotopes in tree rings as climatic indicators / P. J. B. Fraser, R. J. Francey, and G. I. Pearman. - The 13C/12C isotopic ratios of some New Zealand tussock grassland soils / J. D. Stout and T. A. Rafter. - HYDROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC STUDIES. - Detecting snow water in streamflow by D/H and 18O/16O abundances in two western Canadian basins / H. R. Krouse, G. Holecek, and H. Steppuhn. - The stable isotope geochemistry of gypsum, Miers Valley, Antarctica / G. L. Lyon. - Application of oxygen-18 analysis to the study of atmospheric sulphate formation / B. D. Holt, P. T. Cunningham, and A. G. Engelkemeir. - GEOTHERMAL AND VOLCANIC STUDIES. - Stable isotopes in waters from the Wairakei geothermal area, New Zealand / M. K. Stewart. - Oxygen isotope studies of the Salton Sea geothermal field: new insights / E. R. Olson. - Oxygen isotopic composition of rocks altered by volcanic gases from Satsuma Iwo-Jima, Japan / M. Kusakabe, J. Ossaka, M. Yoshida, T. Uchida, and Y. Matsuhisa. - Oxygen and strontium isotope variations in the igneous rocks from the Euganean Hills, Venetian Tertiary Province, Northern Italy / M. Barbieri, B. Turi, R. De Pieri, G. De Vecchi, E. M. Piccirillo, and A. Gregnanin. - PETROLOGY. - Oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies of the Cordilleran batholiths of western North America / H. P. Taylor Jr. and M. Magaritz. - Unusually light oxygen in granulites from the Strangways Range, Central Australia / A. F. Wilson and A. K. Baksi. - Some peculiarities in the carbon isotope composition of "juvenile" carbon / J. Hoefs. - ORE DEPOSITS. - A sulphur isotope study to test a genetic model for Fe-Ni sulphide mineralisation at Mt Windarra, Western Australia / P. K. Seccombe, D. I. Groves, R. A. Binns, and J. W. Smith. - EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL EQUILIBRIUM STUDIES. - Isotopic equilibria between sulphur solute species at high temperature / B. W. Robinson. - Sulphur isotope effects during the reaction of sulphate with hydrogen sulphide / S. A. Husain and H. R. Krouse. - Methods of calculating isotopic fractionation in minerals / J. R. Hulston. - TECHNIQUES. - Current techniques for the collection and processing of stable isotope data / D. E. Goodney and P. M. Kroopnick.

Note: Contents: Preface. - Tritium in Antarctic precipitation - information on global distribution / D. Hebert. - On the physical geography of the Schirmacher Oasis (East Antarctica, Dronning Maud Land) / W. Richter. - Investigation of Deuterium concentration relations between atmospheric water vapour and precipitations in the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica / P. Kowski. - Isotope-hydrological and hydrochemical characterization of lakes in the Schirmacher Oasis (East Antarctica) / W. Richter, U. Wand, G. Strauch, P. Kowski, W. Kurze. - Isotope-hydrological and hydrochemical studies of the interior Antarctic lake "Untersee" in the Wohlthat Massif, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / W.-D. Hermichen, M. Crelle, P. Kowski, W. Kurze, U. Wand. - The isotope-glaciological situation in the surroundings of the Schirmacher Oasis/Dronning Maud Land - a first overview / W.-D. Hermichen, P. Kowski, G. Strauch. - Radiocarbon dating of breeding places of petrels in the Antarctic / A. Hiller, U. Wand. - K - Ar dating of basalt dykes in the Schirmacher Oasis, Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / G. Kaiser, U. Wand.

Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.

Note: Inhalt: Zusammenfassung. - 1. Einführung. - 2. Zum Untersuchungsgebiet. - 3. Fahrtverlauf. - 4. Zum Schiff und zum Instrumentarium. - 5. Eisverhältnisse und Wetter. - 5.1. Eisschelfe. - 5.2. Eisberge. - 5.3. Treibeis- und Packeisverbreitung. - 5.4. Wetter. - 5.5. Zum Skyceiver IV. - 6. Kommunikation mit antarktischen Stationen und anderen Schiffen. - 7. Positionsbestimmung. - 8. Zur Wassermassenzirkulation. - 9. Zur Wasserschallgeschwindigkeit. - 10. Vorläufige geophysikalische Ergebnisse. - 10.1. Diskussion der reflexionsseismischen Profile. - 10.2. Reflexionsseismik. - 10.3. Magnetik/Gravimetrie. - 11. Vorläufige regionale strukturgeologische Betrachtung. - 12. Frühere Expeditionen. - 13. Schlußwort. - Anlagen. - A) Liste der geophysikalischen Profile. - B) Liste der Sonobojen-Stationen. - C) Dichte des Meerwassers an der Oberfläche. - D) Korrekturbedürftige Koordinaten für die Insel Bouvetøya. - E) Literatur. - F) Teilnehmer. - G) Eisverhältnisse.

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction. - 2. Design of the existing base. - 3. Why a new concept. - 4. Considerations for a new base. - 5. Building alternatives for a floating ice shelf. - 6. Design criteria. - 7. Concept adopted. - 8. Technical data. - 9. Services. - 9.1. Electrical. - 9.2. Mechanical. - 9.3. Fire Protection. - 9.4. Toilets. - 10. Stores. - 11. External buildings. - 12. Conclusion.