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  • 1
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    München : Meteorolog. Inst der Ludwig-Maximilians-Univ.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP Per 737(49)
    In: Wissenschaftliche Mitteilung
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XI, 173, [22] S. : zahlr. graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Wissenschaftliche Mitteilung / Universität München, Meteorologisches Institut 49
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Meteorology and atmospheric physics 35 (1984), S. 55-66 
    ISSN: 1436-5065
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anhand der Datensätze zweier Bodenmeßstationen des Forschungsprojektes „Stadtklima Bayern” wird die Problematik der vergleichenden Bewertung des Bioklimas im Zentrum von München und am Stadtrand aufgezeigt. Die Bewertung, die sich auf Stundenwerte der Äquivalenttemperatur und den Verbrauch von Heizenergie für das Jahr 1982 stützt, ergibt mit Ausnahme von Juni und Juli ein positives Bild der Wänneinsel von München.
    Notes: Summary From data at two measuring sites of the research project ”Stadtklima Bayern“ the problems of a comparative evaluation of the bioclimate in the centre of Munich and at the periphery are revealed. The evaluation, which is based on hourly values of the equivalent temperature and the consumption of heating energy for the year 1982 indicates a favourable climatic effect of the urban heat island of Munich, except for June and July.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 25 (1981), S. 127-132 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of expiration temperatures were carried out under different climatic conditions. In one series of experiments the ambient air temperature was varied, in another the relative humidity of the ambient air. The temperatures of the ambient air ranged between −5°C and 30°C and the relative humidity between 10% and 90%. The results reveal a high variability of the expiration temperatures, when the ambient air temperature is changed, and almost constant expiration temperatures, when the relative humidity is altered but the ambient air temperature is kept constant. Nasal expiration temperatures are more sensitive to changes of the meteorological parameters than oral expiration temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 36 (1992), S. 61-62 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 42 (1998), S. 1-7 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Key words Indoor climate ; Air quality ; Comfort
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  In industrialized countries about 90% of the time is spent indoors. The ambient parameters affecting indoor thermal comfort are air temperature and humidity, air velocity, and radiant heat exchange within an enclosure. In assessing the thermal environment, one needs to consider all ambient parameters, the insulating properties of the occupants’ clothing, and the activity level of the occupants by means of heat balance models of the human body. Apart from thermal parameters, air quality (measured and perceived) is also of importance for well-being and health in indoor environments. Pollutant levels are influenced by both outdoor concentrations and by indoor emissions. Indoor levels can thus be lower (e.g. in the case of ozone and SO2) or higher (e.g. for CO2 and formaldehyde) than outdoor levels. Emissions from cooking play an important role, especially in developing countries. The humidity of the ambient air has a wide range of effects on the energy and water balance of the body as well as on elasticity, air quality perception, build-up of electrostatic charge and the formation or mould. However, its effect on the indoor climate is often overestimated. While air-handling systems are commonly used for achieving comfortable indoor climates, their use has also been linked to a variety of problems, some of which have received attention within the context of ”sick building syndrome”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 43 (1999), S. 71-75 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Key words Thermal comfort ; Energy balance model ; Comfort index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  With considerably increased coverage of weather information in the news media in recent years in many countries, there is also more demand for data that are applicable and useful for everyday life. Both the perception of the thermal component of weather as well as the appropriate clothing for thermal comfort result from the integral effects of all meteorological parameters relevant for heat exchange between the body and its environment. Regulatory physiological processes can affect the relative importance of meteorological parameters, e.g. wind velocity becomes more important when the body is sweating. In order to take into account all these factors, it is necessary to use a heat-balance model of the human body. The physiological equivalent temperature (PET) is based on the Munich Energy-balance Model for Individuals (MEMI), which models the thermal conditions of the human body in a physiologically relevant way. PET is defined as the air temperature at which, in a typical indoor setting (without wind and solar radiation), the heat budget of the human body is balanced with the same core and skin temperature as under the complex outdoor conditions to be assessed. This way PET enables a layperson to compare the integral effects of complex thermal conditions outside with his or her own experience indoors. On hot summer days, for example, with direct solar irradiation the PET value may be more than 20 K higher than the air temperature, on a windy day in winter up to 15 K lower.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 49 (1993), S. 775-779 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Indoor climate ; thermal comfort ; air conditioning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In industrialized countries most of the time is spent indoors. The basic ambient parameters for a thermally comfortable indoor climate are air temperature, air velocity, humidity and radiation pattern. Besides the thermal component, the concentrations of air pollutants in the indoor air are also of importance for wellbeing and health. Their levels are influenced both by the outdoor concentrations and the indoor emissions. The increasing use of air conditioning systems in many cases has not resulted in improving the indoor climate but causes a wide range of irritations and health problems summarized as ‘sick building syndrome’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 49 (1993), S. 741-746 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Heat balance ; thermal comfort ; thermophysiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The only way to describe the effects of the thermal environment on the human body completely is to do it by means of an energy balance equation. In such an equation all relevant meteorological parameters, behavioral characteristics (activity and clothing) and body measurements can be considered. Using Fanger's comfort equation and the models MEMI and IMEM as examples, the problems of energy balancing and ways of solving them are described. The value of energy balance models is documented by examples from the field of application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied climatology 38 (1987), S. 43-49 
    ISSN: 1434-4483
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An einem heißen Sommertag, dem 29. Juli 1985, wurden in drei Stadtstrukturen in München und im Stammraum eines nahegelegenen Fichtenhochwaldes zeitgleich biometeorologische Messungen durchgeführt. Mit den Meßergebnissen wurden folgende thermophysiologisch relevante biometeorologische Indizes berechnet: Predicted mean vote, Hautbenetzungsgrad und physiologisch äquivalente Temperatur. Diese drei Indizes beruhen auf verschiedenen Modellen zur menschlichen Energiebilanz. Mit den drei Indizes wurden die thermischen Komponenten der Mikroklimate an den ausgewählten Meßplätzen im Hinblick auf Stadtplanungsaufgaben bewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen quantitativ die relativ große Hitzebelastung bei der Stadtstruktur „Straßenschlucht, nach Süd exponiert“, während im „Stammraum des Fichtenhochwaldes“ selbst an heißen Sommertagen nahezu optimale Bedingungen herrschen. Zwischen diesen Extremen liegen die Ergebnisse für die anderen Meßplätze, wobei für „Straßenschlucht, nach Nord exponiert“ die Wärmebelastung etwas höher als für „Innenhof mit Bäumen“ ist.
    Notes: Summary On July 29, 1985, a hot summer day, biometeorological measurements were performed simultaneously in three different urban structures within the city of Munich and in the trunk space of a nearby tall spruce forest. Based on the results of these experiments the following thermophysiologically relevant biometeorological indices were calculated: Predicted mean vote, skin wettedness and physiologically equivalent temperature. These three indices are derived from different models for the human energy balance. They allow the assessment of the thermal components of the microclimates at the selected sites with regard to application in urban planning. The results quantitatively show the great heat stress in the urban structure “street canyon, exposed to south”, whereas in the “trunk space of the tall spruce forest” there is nearly an optimal climate even on hot summer days. Between these extremes the results for “street canyon, exposed to north” show a little higher heat load than for “backyard with trees”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
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    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research & German Society of Polar Research
    In:  EPIC3Polarforschung, Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research & German Society of Polar Research, 54(2), pp. 121-125, ISSN: 0032-2490
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: "Polarforschung" , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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