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  • Other Sources  (172)
  • ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
  • Industrial Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Seismology
  • 2020-2024
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994
  • 1985-1989
  • 1975-1979  (172)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1975  (172)
  • 1
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    Pulse distortion and Hilbert transformation in multiply reflected and refracted body waves (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Taipei, Elsevier, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 55-70, pp. TC1002, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Waves ; caustics ; Synthetic seismograms ; Hilbert transform ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Parametrically simple earth models consistent with geophysical data (1975)
    In:  Phys. Earth Plan. Int., Luxembourg, U.S. Geological Survey, vol. 10, no. 24, pp. 12-48, pp. B05309, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Seismology ; Review article ; Velocity depth profile ; PEPI ; Dziewonski
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Acquisition of digital seismological data at the Gräfenberg (GRF) array (1975)
    In:  Veröff. Zentr. Inst. Phys. d. Erde, Berlin, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. E1, no. 31, pp. 63-74, pp. B04310, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic arrays ; Data analysis / ~ processing
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Methods for determining positions of very near earthquakes (1975)
    Zaklad Geofizyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk
    In:  Materialy I Prace, Warszawa, Zaklad Geofizyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 456, pp. 2103, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Location
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 5
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    Conversion of Sn to Lg at a continental margin (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Amsterdam, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. 65, no. 5652, pp. 235-244, pp. L12S09, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Lg-waves ; CRUST ; Shear waves ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 6
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    Theoretical basis of some empirical relations in seismology (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Tokyo, Tokyo University, vol. 65, no. 9, pp. 1073-1096, pp. 2265, (ISSN 0016-8548, ISBN 3-510-50045-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Earthquake ; Seismology ; Source parameters ; Source ; Magnitude ; seismic Moment ; BSSA ; FROTH ; (abstract)
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 7
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    Regional Rayleigh wave attenuation in North America (1975)
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 80, no. 1, pp. 4904-4916, pp. L09610, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Attenuation ; Rayleigh waves ; JGR
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 8
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    Computations of SV-waves in realistic earth models (1975)
    In:  J. Geophys., Würzburg, Physica-Verlag, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 149-172, pp. L24313, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Synthetic seismograms ; Seismology ; Reflectivity ; Mueller ; Muller
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 9
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    Exploitation of seismograph networks (1975)
    Noordhoff
    In:  NATO Advanced Study Institute series, series E, Leiden, Noordhoff, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 681-692, pp. 2371
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic networks ; Detectors
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 10
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    A comparison of power spectral estimates and applications of the maximum entropy method (1975)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research, Jena, Scientific American, vol. 80, no. B9, pp. 619-625, pp. B09309, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Spectrum ; Power spectrum ; Spectral estimation ; Maximum entropy ; JGR
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 11
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    Orthogonal representation of array-recorded short period P-waves (1975)
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Exploitation of Seismograph Networks, Leiden, The Netherlands, Springer, vol. 1, no. XVI:, pp. 297-310, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic arrays ; Polarization ; Three component data ; High frequency ...
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 12
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    A source theory for complex earthquakes (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Warszawa, Elsevier, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 1385, pp. 2382, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Source ; Seismology ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 13
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    Parametrically simple earth models consistent with geophysical data (1975)
    In:  Phys. Earth Plan. Int., Luxembourg, U.S. Geological Survey, vol. 10, no. 3-4, pp. 12-48, pp. B05309, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Physical properties of rocks ; Seismology ; PEPI ; Dziewonski
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 14
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    Seismic intensities, "size" of earthquakes and related parameters (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Luxembourg, Am. Soc. Mech. Eng., vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 1287-1313, pp. B04203, (ISBN 0-471-26610-8)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Intensity ; Source parameters ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 15
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    A new method for the analysis of multimode surface wave dispersion, applicated to Love wave propagation in the East Pacific (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Tokyo, Terra Scientific Publishing Company, vol. 65, no. 6, pp. 323-342, pp. 8010, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Dispersion ; Surface waves ; Love-waves ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Seismology ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 16
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    Fault plane solutions and tectonics of the south Atlantic and Scotia sea (1975)
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Tokyo, Terra Scientific Publishing Company, vol. 80, no. 6, pp. 1429-1443, pp. 8010, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Tectonics ; Seismology ; JGR
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 17
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    Variation of source properties: the Inanghua, New Zealand, aftershocks of 1968 (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Bonn, Inst. f. Theoret. Geodäsie, vol. 65, no. 3-5, pp. 261-276, pp. 1056, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earthquake ; Source ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 18
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    Origin of coda waves: source, attenuation and scattering effects (1975)
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Tokyo, Inst. f. Theoret. Geodäsie, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 3322-3342
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source ; JGR
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 19
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    Wavenumber filtering of microseism with triangular arrays (1975)
    Noordhoff
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Exploitation of seismograph networks, Leiden, Noordhoff, vol. 65, no. XVI:, pp. 205-218, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Filter- ; Seismic arrays ; Wave number analys.
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 20
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    On the recent development of continuum mechanics and its application to seismology (1975)
    In:  Gerlands Beitr. Geophys., London, AGU, vol. 84, no. B6, pp. 501-508, pp. B02408, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Review article ; Seismology ; Elasticity ; Elasticity theory of dislocations
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  • 21
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    Earthquake prediction and public policy. Prepared by the panel on the public policy. Implications of earthquake prediction of the Advisory Committee on Emergency Planning (1975)
    National Academy of Science
    In:  Washington, D. C., National Academy of Science, vol. 15, (ISBN 0-521-81734-X)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake sociological and political aspects
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 22
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    Herdmechanik tektonischer Erdbeben (1975)
    Nauka
    In:  Moscow, Nauka, vol. 54, no. XVI:, pp. 158-164, (ISBN: 3486274473, 2. Auflage 2004, xxiv, 244 Seiten)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Source ; Seismology ; Source ; Mechanics ; of ; Tectonic ; Earthquakes
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 23
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    On the estimation of seismic detection thresholds (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Luxembourg, National Academy of Sciences of the USA, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 1631-1642, pp. B05311, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Seismic networks ; NOISE ; Detectors ; NOR ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 24
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    Three adaptive filters for the detection of body waves, with application to deep seismic soundings (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Roma, Polish Geothermal Association, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 995-1012, pp. B09303, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Filter- ; Detectors ; Body waves ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 25
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    Wide-band seismic recording at the Gräfenberg (GRF)-Station (1975)
    Noordhoff
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Exploitation of Seismograph Networks, NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, Leiden, Noordhoff, vol. 11, no. XVI:, pp. 79-83, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Broad-band ; Seismic arrays ; Data analysis / ~ processing
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 26
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    Seismizitätsstudien im Breich der Peleponnes auf Grund von Präzisionsherdbestimmungen (1975)
    Inst. f. Meteorol. und Geophys., Univ. Frankfurt/Main
    In:  Dissertation, Berichte, Bonn, Inst. f. Meteorol. und Geophys., Univ. Frankfurt/Main, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 29, pp. 31-35, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Location ; Seismicity
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 27
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    Statistical analysis and interpretation of surface wave anelastic attenuation data for the stable interior of North America (1975)
    In:  Bull. Seism. Soc. Am., Zagreb, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 65, no. 4, pp. 1115-1128, pp. L02307, (ISSN 0343-5164)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; Statistical investigations ; Surface waves ; Inelastic ; Attenuation ; BSSA
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 28
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    A student's guide to the use of P and S wave data for focal mechanism determination (1975)
    In:  Earthquake Notes, Zagreb, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 29-39, pp. L02307, (ISSN 0343-5164)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1975
    Keywords: Seismology ; P-waves ; Shear waves ; Source parameters ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Review article ; Handbook of geophysics
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  • 29
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    Electrophoresis of biological materials (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-10
    Description: The selection of biological products was studied for electrophoresis in space. Free flow electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, and isotachophoresis are described. The candidates discussed include: immunoglobulins and gamma globulins; isolated islet of langerhans from pancreas; bone marrow; tumor cells; kidney cells, cryoprecipitate; and column separated cultures.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Econ. Analysis of Materials Processing in Space; p 177-190
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  • 30
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    High purity tungsten targets (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-10
    Description: High purity tungsten, which is used for targets in X-ray tubes was considered for space processing. The demand for X-ray tubes was calculated using the growth rates for dental and medical X-ray machines. It is concluded that the cost benefits are uncertain.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Econ. Analysis of Materials Processing in Space; p 159-176
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  • 31
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    Costs and benefits of turbine blades (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-10
    Description: The potential demand for space processed turbine blades, and the dollar benefits to be derived from this technology were analyzed. It was found that an adequate demand to justify space processed blades will exist. The cost benefits per blade for replacements in existing aircraft is estimated to be $997.50 per blade, and for new aircraft the savings per blade would be over $21,000.00.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Econ. Analysis of Materials Processing in Space; p 40-90
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  • 32
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    Crystal study and econometric model (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-10
    Description: An econometric model was developed that can be used to predict demand and supply figures for crystals over a time horizon roughly concurrent with that of NASA's Space Shuttle Program - that is, 1975 through 1990. The model includes an equation to predict the impact on investment in the crystal-growing industry. Actually, two models are presented. The first is a theoretical model which follows rather strictly the standard theoretical economic concepts involved in supply and demand analysis, and a modified version of the model was developed which, though not quite as theoretically sound, was testable utilizing existing data sources.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Econ. Analysis of Materials Processing in Space; p 191-233
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  • 33
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    Turbine blade processing (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-04-10
    Description: Space processing of directionally solidified eutectic-alloy type turbine blades is envisioned as a simple remelt operations in which precast blades are remelted in a preformed mold. Process systems based on induction melting, continuous resistance furnaces, and batch resistance furnaces were evaluated. The batch resistance furnace type process using a multiblade mold is considered to offer the best possibility for turbine blade processing.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Econ. Analysis of Materials Processing in Space; p 91-158
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  • 34
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    Mutual assistance in space (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-11
    Description: Operating principles, system functions, and technological problems associated with developing compatible spacecraft, station approach, and docking facilities between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. are reported. Two designs, the probe cone and the androgynous docking device are examined.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Mod. Achievements of Cosmonautics (NASA-TT-F-16221); p 20-38
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  • 35
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    Summary and recommendations (1975)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2006-04-10
    Description: An economic analysis using econometric and cost benefit analysis techniques was performed to determine the feasibility of space processing of certain products. The overall objectives of the analysis were (1) to determine specific products or processes uniquely connected with space manufacturing, (2) to select a specific product or process from each of the areas of semiconductors, metals, and biochemicals, and (3) to determine the overall price/cost structure of each product or process considered. The economic elements of the analysis involved a generalized decision making format for analyzing space manufacturing, a comparative cost study of the selected processes in space vs. earth manufacturing, and a supply and demand study of the economic relationships of one of the manufacturing processes. Space processing concepts were explored. The first involved the use of the shuttle as the factory with all operations performed during individual flights. The second concept involved a permanent unmanned space factory which would be launched separately. The shuttle in this case would be used only for maintenance and refurbishment. Finally, some consideration was given to a permanent manned space factory.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Econ. Analysis of Materials Processing in Space; p 234-251
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  • 36
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    Economic analysis of materials processing in space: Introduction (1975)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2006-04-10
    Description: Space processing concepts investigated included an unmanned space factory, and a permanently launched factory. Product lines chosen for analysis were: (1) turbine blades, (2) tungsten targets for X-ray machines, (3) 1 sub G subclass separation by electrophoresis, and (4) high-price exotic crystals. The turbine blade, and 1 sub G products are considered promising candidates.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Econ. Analysis of Materials Processing in Space; p 1-7
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  • 37
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    Man in space - A time for perspective (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Factors affecting crew performances in long-term space flights are examined with emphasis on the Space Shuttle-Spacelab program. Biomedical investigations carried out during four Skylab missions indicate that initially rapid changes in certain physiological parameters, notably in cardiovascular response and red-blood-cell levels, lead to an adapted condition. Calcium loss remains a potential problem. Space Shuttle environmental control and life-support systems are described together with technology facilitating performance of mission objectives in a weightless environment. It is concluded that crew requirements are within the physical and psychological capability of astronauts, but the extent to which nonastronaut personnel will be able to participate without extensive training and pre-conditioning remains to be determined.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Astronautics and Aeronautics; 13; Oct. 197
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  • 38
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    Man's future in space (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Studies evaluating potential operational and commercial uses of space are being conducted, taking into account astronomy, astrophysics, manned bases and laboratories in earth orbit, space colonization, terrestrial communications, space processing and manufacturing, interstellar probes, planetary exploration, and the use of space for terrestrial energy supply. The present status in the exploration of the solar system is examined, giving attention to Jupiter, Venus, Mars, and Mercury. A brief outline of the development of human colonies on Mars is presented.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Spaceflight; 17; Mar. 197
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  • 39
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    Time bases, discretes, and interrupts (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The effort performed to assure proper flight program handling of time bases, discretes, and interrupts was discussed. The following time bases are used as key mission events: guidance reference release, liftoff, S-1B low level sensors dry, S-1B outboard engines cutoff, S-IVB cutoff, and S-IVB de-orbit DCS command. The five discrete outputs in the discrete output register were verified for proper setting. Each discrete input is honored in the proper time frame by forcing each discrete in the following intervals: before the discrete is enabled, after the discrete has been detected, and after the discrete has been disabled. As an assurance that an interrupt is honored only in the proper time frames, each interrupt was forced during the following intervals: prior to the specified enable time, after the interrupt has been honored, after the interrupt has been disabled.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Program Verification Doc. for the ASTP Flight Program; 10 p
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  • 40
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    Planning and operating experiments S-183 on the three skylab missions (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: CNES Technol. of Sci. Space Expt.,; p 119-134
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  • 41
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    Materials processing in space - New challenges for industry (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A summary is presented of NASA's activity in materials research in zero-g. Very simple experiments to determine the effects of zero-g upon solidification processes, upon heat flow, convection and mass transport, and upon the separation of biological cells were conducted during three Apollo flights. The investigations were continued in a series of experiments conducted on Skylab. The experiments provided data on a wide range of space-processing topics. The various tests and the results obtained in them are discussed. Attention is also given to experiments planned for the Apollo-Soyuz experiment, studies to be conducted with the aid of sounding rockets, and an evaluation of the possibilities provided by space processing for industry.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Astronautics and Aeronautics; 13; May 1975
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  • 42
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    Molecular fluxes from a spacecraft measured with quartz microbalances (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A technique has been developed to obtain a characterization of the self-generated environment of a spacecraft and its variation with time, angular position, and distance. The density, pressure, outgassing flux, total weight loss, and other important parameters were obtained from data provided by two mass measuring crystal microbalances, mounted back to back, at a distance of 1 m from the spacecraft equivalent surface. The strongest source appeared to be caused by a material diffusion process which produced a directional density at 1 m distance of about 160 billion molecules per cu cm after 1 h in vacuum and decayed to 1.6 billion molecules per cu cm after 200 h. Self-contamination of the spacecraft was equivalent to that which occurs in a 300-km altitude orbit.
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  • 43
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    Reference systems and transformations (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The verification accomplished to assure correct computation of the many geometrical relationships between the several coordinate systems and transformation matrices defined for the Saturn 1B mission was discussed. This is accomplished by demonstrating the following: (1) the program has the ability to correctly establish the initial vector coordinate system from external input data for use as a reference, (2) the program logic is capable of properly executing the calculations necessary to transform vectorial parameters from one coordinate system to another, and (3) the presettings used for vector component calculations are valid.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Program Verification Doc. for the ASTP Flight Program; 3 p
    Format: text
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    General verification description (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A brief general description of the ASTP flight program verification was presented. The total program verification effort assures the accuracy and adequacy of the LVDC flight program and verifies that the final program meets mission requirements and conforms to program documentation. The flight program's functional requirements to integrate the guidance and control system with the launch vehicle sequencing system are verified directly by analysis of many special logic checks designed for this purpose and indirectly by the correct overall program response to nominal and numerous perturbed conditions. Verification of the interaction of function requirements is accomplished on every case run during the verification effort.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Program Verification Doc. for the ASTP Flight Program; 3 p
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  • 45
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    Mission operations and data systems (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A communications system for performing the basic functions of mission operations, orbit and attitude determination, and data processing is described. A block diagram is provided to show the relationships of these functions with the spacecraft in orbit and the experiments to be conducted on board the spacecraft. Specific areas of application are discussed as follows: (1) software operating systems for the ATS-F satellite testing and ground support, (2) inversion of the RAE-1 satellite (Explorer 38 satellite) in orbit, (3) ALSEP differential Doppler tracking, (4) minitrack calibration using satellite data, (5) angles-only orbit extraction, and (6) image processing system performance prediction and product quality evaluation techniques. Block diagrams of the various systems are provided to show the steps involved in the operations.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Significant Accomplishments in Sci. and Technol.; p 290-319
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  • 46
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    Apollo-Soyuz US-USSR joint mission results (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The technical and nontechnical objectives of the Apollo-Soyuz mission are briefly considered. The mission demonstrated that Americans and Russians can work together to perform a very complex operation, including rendezvous in space, docking, and the conduction of joint experiments. Certain difficulties which had to be overcome were partly related to differences concerning the role of the astronaut in the basic alignment and docking procedures for space vehicles. Attention is also given to the experiments conducted during the mission and the approach used to overcome the language barrier.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
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    ATS-6 - Experiment summary (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: A general overview is given of experiment planning and implementation for the ATS-6. Included in the review are discussions of project office activities, experiment selection, spacecraft implementation, ground terminal implementation, the operations control center, and the information processing division. A table is included summarizing the various experiments among which are communications, scientific and technological experiments.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems; AES-11; Nov. 197
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  • 48
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    Space colonies and energy supply to the earth (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: It is pointed out that a space manufacturing facility may be economically more effective than alternative industries on the earth for the construction of products which are to be used in geosynchronous or higher orbits. The suggestion is made to construct solar power stations at a space colony and relocate them in geosynchronous orbit to supply energy to the earth. Attention is given to energy problems and approaches for solving them, taking into account environmental effects and economic factors. Economic aspects of space manufacturing are discussed in some detail.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Science; 190; Dec. 5
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  • 49
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    Time of Apollo (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: In the year 1961, President John F. Kennedy set forth the task that...'This nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely tio Earth'. The decade is over and the task has been accomplished. Project Apollo has been achieved. This video documentary is a tribute to the historical accomplishments of the Apollo program.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-110488 , NONP-NASA-VT-95-39133
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  • 50
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    Program verification document for the ASTP flight program (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The various segments of the Apollo Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) flight program were verified. This included checks on the following: general verification, reference systems and transformations, launch preparations, boost navigation and guidance, orbital navigation and guidance, time bases, discretes, and interrupts, launch vehicle attitude control, switch selector processing, digital command system, real time telemetry and data compression, and algorithms.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-143958 , IBM-75W-00067 , MSFC-ASTP-DRL-686
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    Bibliography of the space processing program. Volume 1: A compilation through June 1974, Parts 1 and 2 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A compilation of NASA research efforts in the area of space environmental effects on materials and processes is presented. Topics considered are: (1) fluid mechanics and heat transfer; (2) crystal growth and containerless melts; (3) acoustics; (4) glass and ceramics; (5) electrophoresis; (6) welding; and (7) exobiology.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-143985
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  • 52
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    Heat flow and convection experiments aboard Apollo 17 (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Experiments conducted aboard Apollo 17 showed that in uncovered liquids, convection driven by surface tension can occur at lower temperature gradients in low gravity than in 1 g. In completely confined fluids (no liquid-gas interface), vibrations caused by spacecraft and astronaut movements increased the heat transfer considerably over the pure conduction case.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Science; 187; Jan. 17
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  • 53
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    Apollo experience report: Guidance and control systems: Automated control system for unmanned mission AS-201 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The Apollo command module heat shield and Apollo command and service module/Saturn launch vehicle structural integrity were evaluated in an unmanned test flight. An automated control system was developed to provide the mission event sequencing, the real-time ground control interface, and the backup attitude reference system for the unmanned flight. The required mission events, the design logic, the redundancy concept, and the ground-support-equipment concept are described and some development problem areas are discussed. The mission event time line and the real-time ground command list are included to provide an outline of the control system capabilities and requirements. The mission was accomplished with the automated control system, which functioned without flight anomalies.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7991 , JSC-S-431
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    Apollo experience report guidance and control systems: Lunar module abort guidance system (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The history of a unique development program that produced an operational fixed guidance system of inertial quality is presented. Each phase of development, beginning with requirement definition and concluding with qualification and testing, is addressed, and developmental problems are emphasized. Software generation and mission operations are described, and specifications for the inertial reference unit are included, as are flight performance results. Significant program observations are noted.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7990 , JSC-S-424
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    Apollo experience report: Engineering and analysis mission support (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The tasks performed by the team of specialists that evaluated hardware performance during prelaunch checkout and in-flight operation are discussed. The organizational structure, operational procedures, and interfaces as well as the facilities and software required to perform these tasks are discussed. The scope of the service performed by the team and the evaluation philosophy are described. Summaries of problems and their resolution are included as appendixes.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7993 , JSC-S-438
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  • 56
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    Process development for producing fine-grain casting in space (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Assessment of grain growth kinetics at temperatures near the melting point and investigation into the use of potential nucleating agents in combination with the naturally occurring BeO led to the definition of critical low-g experiments which would help to determine whether one or both of these possibilities are valid and whether space processing would be able to yield fine grain ingot beryllium.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120739
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    Apollo experience report: Safety activities (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A description is given of the flight safety experiences gained during the Apollo Program and safety, from the viewpoint of program management, engineering, mission planning, and ground test operations was discussed. Emphasis is placed on the methods used to identify the risks involved in flight and in certain ground test operations. In addition, there are discussions on the management and engineering activities used to eliminate or reduce these risks.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7950 , JSC-S-422
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  • 58
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    Apollo Program Summary Report: Synopsis of the Apollo Program Activities and Technology for Lunar Exploration (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Overall program activities and the technology developed to accomplish lunar exploration are discussed. A summary of the flights conducted over an 11-year period is presented along with specific aspects of the overall program, including lunar science, vehicle development and performance, lunar module development program, spacecraft development testing, flight crew summary, mission operations, biomedical data, spacecraft manufacturing and testing, launch site facilities, equipment, and prelaunch operations, and the lunar receiving laboratory. Appendixes provide data on each of the Apollo missions, mission type designations, spacecraft weights, records achieved by Apollo crewmen, vehicle histories, and a listing of anomalous hardware conditions noted during each flight beginning with Apollo 4.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-68725 , JSC-09423
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    Apollo experience report: Command and service module sequential events control subsystem (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The Apollo command and service module sequential events control subsystem is described, with particular emphasis on the major systems and component problems and solutions. The subsystem requirements, design, and development and the test and flight history of the hardware are discussed. Recommendations to avoid similar problems on future programs are outlined.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7951 , JSC-S-436
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    Apollo experience report: Guidance and control systems: CSM service propulsion system gimbal actuators (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The service propulsion system gimbal actuators of the Apollo command and service module were developed, modified, and qualified between February 1962 and April 1968. The development of these actuators is described as the result of extensive testing, retesting, and modification of the initial design. Successful completion of each mission without anomalies attributable to the actuators indicated that the particular configuration (modification) in use was adequate for the flight profile imposed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7969 , JSC-S-444
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    Automated space processing payloads study. Volume 3: Equipment development resource requirements (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Facilities are described on which detailed preliminary design was undertaken and which may be used on early space shuttle missions in the 1979-1982 time-frame. The major hardware components making up each facility are identified, and development schedules for the major hardware items and the payload buildup are included. Cost data for the facilities, and the assumptions and ground rules supporting these data are given along with a recommended listing of supporting research and technology needed to ensure confidence in the ability to achieve successful development of the equipment and technology.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120775 , BSR-4171-VOL-3
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    Automated space processing payloads study. Volume 2, book 2: Technical report, appendices A through E (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Experiment hardware and operational requirements for space shuttle experiments are discussed along with payload and system concepts. Appendixes are included in which experiment data sheets, chamber environmental control and monitoring, method for collection and storage of electrophoretically-separated samples, preliminary thermal evaluation of electromagnetic levitation facilities L1, L2, and L3, and applicable industrial automation equipment are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120774 , BSR-4171-VOL-2-BK-2
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    Automated Space Processing Payloads Study. Volume 1: Executive Summary (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An investigation is described which examined the extent to which the experiment hardware and operational requirements can be met by automatic control and material handling devices; payload and system concepts are defined which make extensive use of automation technology. Topics covered include experiment requirements and hardware data, capabilities and characteristics of industrial automation equipment and controls, payload grouping, automated payload conceptual design, space processing payload preliminary design, automated space processing payloads for early shuttle missions, and cost and scheduling.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120772 , BSR-4171-VOL-1
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  • 64
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    Material suspension within an acoustically excited resonant chamber (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A method is described for positioning an object within a chamber, which is especially useful in performing manufacturing operations under zero gravity conditions. Sound waves are applied within the chamber in different directions and at a frequency for each direction that establishes a standing wave pattern so that the object is automatically urged towards the intersections of the nodes, or locations of minimum pressure.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
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    Automated space processing payloads study. Volume 2, book 1: Technical report (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The extent was investigated to which experiment hardware and operational requirements can be met by automatic control and material handling devices; payload and system concepts that make extensive use of automation technology are defined. Hardware requirements for each experiment were established and tabulated, and investigations of applicable existing hardware were documented. The capabilities and characteristics of industrial automation equipment, controls, and techniques are presented in the form of a summary of applicable equipment characteristics in three basic mutually-supporting formats. Facilities for performing groups of experiments are defined along with four levitation groups and three furnace groups; major hardware elements required to implement them were identified. A conceptual design definition of ten different automated processing facilities is presented along with the specific equipment to implement each facility and the design layouts of the different units. Constraints and packaging, weight, and power requirements for six payloads postulated for shuttle missions in the 1979 to 1982 time period were examined.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120773 , BSR-4171-VOL-2-BK-1
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    Apollo Soyuz mission, toxic gas entered cabin during earth landing sequence (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A postflight analysis is presented of the sequence which caused toxic gas to enter the cabin during repressurization for 30 seconds from manual deployment of the drogue parachutes at 18,550 feet to disabling of the reaction control system at 9600 feet. Results and conclusions are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-74148 , JSC-10638 , ANOMALY-REPT-1
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    Materials processing in space (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The feasibility and possible advantages of processing materials in a nongravitational field are considered. Areas of investigation include biomedical applications, the processing of inorganic materials, and flight programs and funding.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-146274 , PAPER-9
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    Apollo Soyuz test project G&N error analysis (cm 111/IMU 25) (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Data are presented on G&N system performance and operation for the Command Module.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-151090 , R-888
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    Processing eutectics in space (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The investigations of directional solidification have indicated the necessity of establishing a secure foundation in earth-based laboratory processing in order to properly assess low-gravity processing. Emphasis was placed on evaluating the regularity of microstructure of the rod-like eutectic Al-Al3Ni obtained under different conditions of growth involving the parameters of thermal gradient, solidification rate, and interfacial curvature. In the case of Al-Al3Ni, where the Al3Ni phase appears as facets rods, solidification rate was determined to be a controlling parameter. Zone melting of thin eutectic films showed that for films of the order of 10 to 20 micrometers thick, the extra surface energy appears to act to stabilize a regular microstructure. The results suggest that the role of low-gravity as provided in space-laboratory processing of materials is to be sought in the possibility of generating a higher thermal gradient in the solidifying ingot for a given power input-output arrangement than can be obtained under normal one-g processes.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-144196 , R75-911721-10
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    Skylab M551 metals melting experiment (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The objectives of the M551 Metals Melting Experiment were to: (1) study behavior of molten metal, (2) characterize metals melted and solidified in the low gravity space environment compared to one-gravity of earth, and (3) determine feasibility of joining metals in space. The experiment used the electron beam (EB) and chamber of the M512 apparatus to make a dwell puddle and a melt in a rotating disc of varying thickness. Hence, the EB performed cut-through, full and partial penetration melts, in addition to a resolidified button. The three disc materials were aluminum 2219-T87, 304 stainless steel, and pure tantalum to provide a wide range of density and melting conditions. Observations to date include the proof that EB welding, cutting, and melting can be done successfully in low gravity. Earlier, some welding authorities had postulated that without gravity the EB would force the molten puddle out of contact. However, the experiment proved that surface tension forces predominate. From the viewpoint of cast-solidification, small, equiaxed grains in Skylab specimens compared to large, elongated grains in ground based specimens were observed. The former are thought to be associated with constitutional supercooling and nucleation where the latter are associated with dendritic solidification. In further support of the more equiaxed grain growth in Skylab, symmetric subgrain patterns were frequently observed where there was much less symmetry in ground based specimens.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-64960
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    Apollo experience report: Mission evaluation team postflight documentation (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The various postflight reports prepared by the mission evaluation team, including the final mission evaluation report, report supplements, anomaly reports, and the 5-day mission report, are described. The procedures for preparing each report from the inputs of the various disciplines are explained, and the general method of reporting postflight results is discussed. Recommendations for postflight documentation in future space programs are included. The official requirements for postflight documentation and a typical example of an anomaly report are provided as appendixes.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-8023 , JSC-S-441
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    Apollo Soyuz, mission evaluation report (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The Apollo Soyuz mission was the first manned space flight to be conducted jointly by two nations - the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The primary purpose of the mission was to test systems for rendezvous and docking of manned spacecraft that would be suitable for use as a standard international system, and to demonstrate crew transfer between spacecraft. The secondary purpose was to conduct a program of scientific and applications experimentation. With minor modifications, the Apollo and Soyuz spacecraft were like those flown on previous missions. However, a new module was built specifically for this mission - the docking module. It served as an airlock for crew transfer and as a structural base for the docking mechanism that interfaced with a similar mechanism on the Soyuz orbital module. The postflight evaluation of the performance of the docking system and docking module, as well as the overall performance of the Apollo spacecraft and experiments is presented. In addition, the mission is evaluated from the viewpoints of the flight crew, ground support operations, and biomedical operations. Descriptions of the docking mechanism, docking module, crew equipment and experiment hardware are given.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-74149 , JSC-10607
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    Apollo experience report: Guidance and control systems. Lunar module stabilization and control system (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A brief functional description of the Apollo lunar module stabilization and control subsystem is presented. Subsystem requirements definition, design, development, test results, and flight experiences are discussed. Detailed discussions are presented of problems encountered and the resulting corrective actions taken during the course of assembly-level testing, integrated vehicle checkout and test, and mission operations. Although the main experiences described are problem oriented, the subsystem has performed satisfactorily in flight.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-8086 , JSC-S-419
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    Furnace and support equipment for space processing (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A core facility capable of performing a majority of materials processing experiments is discussed. Experiment classes are described, the needs peculiar to each experiment type are outlined, and projected facility requirements to perform the experiments are treated. Control equipment (automatic control) and variations of the Czochralski method for use in space are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-144027
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    Space processing of crystals for opto-electronic devices: The case for solution growth (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The results obtained during a six month program aimed at determining the viability of space processing in the 1980's of dielectric-elastic-magnetic single crystals were described. The results of this program included: identification of some important emerging technologies dependent on dielectric-elastic-magnetic crystals, identification of the impact of intrinsic properties and defects in the single crystals on system performance, determination of a sensible common basis for the many crystals of this class, and identification of the benefits of micro-gravity and some initial experimental evidence that these benefits can be realized in space. It is concluded that advanced computers and optical communications are at a development stage for high demand of dielectric-elastic-magnetic single crystals in the mid-1980's. Their high unit cost and promise for significantly increased perfection by growth in space justified pursuit of space processing.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-144028
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    Apollo experience report: Development of the extravehicular mobility unit (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The development and performance history of the Apollo extravehicular mobility unit and its major subsystems is described. The three major subsystems, the pressure garment assembly, the portable life-support system, and the oxygen purge system, are defined and described in detail as is the evolutionary process that culminated in each major subsystem component. Descriptions of ground-support equipment and the qualification testing process for component hardware are also presented.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-8093 , JSC-S-440
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  • 77
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    Segregation effects during solidification in weightless melts (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Computer programs are developed and used in the study of the combined effects of evaporation and solidification in space processing. The temperature and solute concentration profiles during directional solidification of binary alloys with surface evaporation were mathematically formulated. Computer results are included along with an econotechnical model of crystal growth. This model allows: prediction of crystal size, quality, and cost; systematic selection of the best growth equipment or alloy system; optimization of growth or material parameters; and a maximization of zero-gravity effects. Segregation in GaAs crystals was examined along with vibration effects on GaAs crystal growth. It was found that a unique segregation pattern and strong convention currents exist in GaAs crystal growth. Some beneficial effects from vibration during GaAs growth were discovered. The implications of the results in space processing are indicated.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-143981 , RE-507
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  • 78
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    Mission design data for Venus, Mars, and Jupiter through 1990, volume 2 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: For abstract, see N75-32140.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-143506 , JPL-TM-33-736-VOL-2
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  • 79
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    Monotectic and syntectic alloys: ASTP experiment MA-044 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A postflight preliminary technical evaluation is presented of the returned samples of aluminum antimonide (AlSb) syntectic compound and lead-zinc (PbZn) monotectic immiscible processed during the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) mission. The returned cartridges, extracted ampoules, and removed samples were examined in detail. A genesis of the experiment is given along with a summary of the efforts and various scheduled tests up to the ASTP mission. A tentative characterization plan is developed from the postflight preliminary examination which makes use of the limited number of available samples and is based on the initial observations. It is indicated that a higher degree of compositional homogeneity in aluminum antimonide was achieved under flight test conditions.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-64956
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  • 80
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    Study on processing immiscible materials in zero gravity (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate mixing immiscible metal combinations under several process conditions. Under one-gravity, these included thermal processing, thermal plus electromagnetic mixing, and thermal plus acoustic mixing. The same process methods were applied during free fall on the MSFC drop tower facility. The design is included of drop tower apparatus to provide the electromagnetic and acoustic mixing equipment, and a thermal model was prepared to design the specimen and cooling procedure. Materials systems studied were Ca-La, Cd-Ga and Al-Bi; evaluation of the processed samples included the morphology and electronic property measurements. The morphology was developed using optical and scanning electron microscopy and microprobe analyses. Electronic property characterization of the superconducting transition temperatures were made using an impedance change-tuned coil method.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-143932 , TRW-14725-6028-RU-00
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  • 81
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    Apollo experience report: Flight anomaly resolution (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The identification of flight anomalies, the determination of their causes, and the approaches taken for corrective action are described. Interrelationships of the broad range of disciplines involved with the complex systems and the team concept employed to ensure timely and accurate resolution of anomalies are discussed. The documentation techniques and the techniques for management of anomaly resolution are included. Examples of specific anomalies are presented in the original form of their progressive documentation. Flight anomaly resolution functioned as a part of the real-time mission support and postflight testing, and results were included in the postflight documentation.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7968 , JSC-S-412
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  • 82
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    Mission design data for Venus, Mars, and Jupiter through 1990, volume 3 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: For abstract, see N75-32140.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-143507 , JPL-TM-33-736-VOL-3
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  • 83
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    Investigation of immiscible systems and potential applications (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The droplet coalescence kinetics at 0 g and 1 g were considered for two systems which contained liquid droplets in a host liquid. One of these (Al-In) typified a system containing a liquid phase miscibility gap and the order (oil-water) a mixture of two essentially insoluble liquids. A number of coalescence mechanisms potentially prominent at low g in this system were analyzed and explanations are presented for the observed unusual stability of the emulsion. Ground base experiments were conducted on the coalescence of In droplets in and Al-In alloy during cooling through the miscibility gap at different cooling rates. These were in qualitative agreement with the computer simulation. Potential applications for systems with liquid phase miscibility gaps were explored. Possibilities included superconductors, electrical contact materials, superplastic materials, catalysts, magnetic materials, and others. The role of space processing in their production was also analyzed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120667
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  • 84
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    Apollo experience report: Guidance and control systems. Mission control programmer for unmanned missions AS-202, Apollo 4, and Apollo 6 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An unmanned test flight program required to evaluate the command module heat shield and the structural integrity of the command and service module/Saturn launch vehicle is described. The mission control programer was developed to provide the unmanned interface between the guidance and navigation computer and the other spacecraft systems for mission event sequencing and real-time ground control during missions AS-202, Apollo 4, and Apollo 6. The development of this unmanned programer is traced from the initial concept through the flight test phase. Detailed discussions of hardware development problems are given with the resulting solutions. The mission control programer functioned correctly without any flight anomalies for all missions. The Apollo 4 mission control programer was reused for the Apollo 6 flight, thus being one of the first subsystems to be reflown on an Apollo space flight.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7992 , JSC-S-432
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  • 85
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    The 1975 report on active and planned spacecraft and experiments (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Information is presented on current and planned spacecraft activity for various disciplines: astronomy, earth sciences, meteorology, planetary sciences, aeronomy, solar physics, and life sciences. For active orbiting spacecraft, the epoch date, orbit type, orbit period, apoasis, periapsis, and inclination are given along with the spacecraft weight, launch date, launch site, launch vehicle, and sponsoring agency. For each planned orbiting spacecraft, the orbit parameters, planned launch date, launch site, launch vehicle, spacecraft weight, and sponsoring agency are given.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-72539 , NSSDC/WDC-A-R/S-75-01
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  • 86
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    Fluid physics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer experiments in space (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An overstudy committee was formed to study and recommend fundamental experiments in fluid physics, thermodynamics, and heat transfer for experimentation in orbit, using the space shuttle system and a space laboratory. The space environment, particularly the low-gravity condition, is an indispensable requirement for all the recommended experiments. The experiments fell broadly into five groups: critical-point thermophysical phenomena, fluid surface dynamics and capillarity, convection at reduced gravity, non-heated multiphase mixtures, and multiphase heat transfer. The Committee attempted to assess the effects of g-jitter and other perturbations of the gravitational field on the conduct of the experiments. A series of ground-based experiments are recommended to define some of the phenomena and to develop reliable instrumentation.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-134742 , SWRI-02-3904
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  • 87
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    Application of electrohydrodynamic phenomena to space processing (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The capabilities of electrohydrodynamic (EHD) unit separation, liquid handling/control, and mixing are introduced to industrial chemists and metallurgists, working on specific zero-gravity processes. Previously proposed zero-gravity applications of EHD are presented along with the prominent electrohydrodynamical force effects.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120445
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  • 88
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    Real time solar magnetograph Skylab mission Atlas (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An atlas of all magnetic field observations made during the Skylab missions with the Real Time Solar Magnetograph system located at the Marshall Space Flight Center is presented. Also included are a description of the system and its operation; an outline of the data reductions performed; and a discussion of probable errors, noise, magnetic sensitivity, and system reliability.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-64922
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  • 89
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    Apollo experience report: Spacecraft relative motion and recontact analyses (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Potential collision or accidental recontact problems between the spacecraft and other space vehicles (or components) existed during most of the Apollo missions. These problems were identified before each Apollo flight, and appropriate solutions for eliminating or minimizing the chance of collision were determined through relative motion analyses. A summary of the identification, solution, and analysis process for some of the more significant of these separation problems is presented. In addition, the scope of responsibility, the development of the study effort, and the computer simulation development, which supported the analysis process, are described.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7920 , JSC-S-421
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  • 90
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    Apollo experience report: Crew station integration. Volume 2: Crew station displays and controls (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The functional requirements for the Apollo displays and controls system are presented. The configuration of the displays, controls, and panels for both the command module and the lunar module are described, and the design development and operational experience of the displays and controls system are discussed. Pertinent recommendations for future displays and controls system design efforts are made.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7919 , JSC-S-420-VOL-2
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  • 91
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    Ballistic intercept missions to Comet Encke (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The optimum ballistic intercept of a spacecraft with the comet Encke is determined. The following factors are considered in the analysis: energy requirements, encounter conditions, targeting error, comet activity, spacecraft engineering requirements and restraints, communications, and scientific return of the mission. A baseline model is formulated which includes the basic elements necessary to estimate the scientific return for the different missions considered. Tradeoffs which have major impact on the cost and/or scientific return of a ballistic mission to comet Encke are identified and discussed. Recommendations are included.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-72542
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  • 92
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    Apollo experience report: Guidance and control systems; lunar module mission programer (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A review of the concept, operational requirements, design, and development of the lunar module mission programer is presented, followed by a review of component and subsystem performance during design-feasibility, design-verification, and qualification tests performed in the laboratory. The system was further proved on the unmanned Apollo 5 mission. Several anomalies were detected, and satisfactory solutions were found. These problems are defined and examined, and the corrective action taken is discussed. Suggestions are given for procedural changes to be used if future guidance and control systems of this type are to be developed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7949 , JSC-S-414
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  • 93
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    The background for Skylab experiment T-002, manual navigation sightings (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The background of the NASA-DOD manual navigation experiment (T002) on Skylab A is reviewed with emphasis on NASA's development of an error model for sextant measurements in midcourse navigation and on USAF's development of a low earth orbit manual navigation scheme. Instruments briefly described are a space sextant and space stadimeter, both of which are used by USAF in orbit navigation, the sextant by NASA in midcourse sightings. The rationale, data requirements, and data reduction procedures are discussed in terms of the goals of the agencies.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-X-62420 , A-6004
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  • 94
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    Earth resources experiment package sensor performance evaluation. Volume 2: S191 (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An S191 performance summary based on ground testing and orbital operations in terms of pertinent parameters is provided. Additional tasks covering S191 short-wavelength radiometric calibration, data-acquisition camera, and viewfinder tracking system design criteria, radiometric comparison of S190A, S191, and S192, and wavelength calibration data are included as supplemental analyses. Descriptions of techniques employed in the performance analyses are also discussed. Final results of the evaluations in terms of significant performance degradation, sensor and system anomalies, and achieved performance are presented. Conclusions were based on S191 performance and interaction of S191 with the EREP system. Recommendations for additional analyses and improvements in design and operation are presented.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-141735 , MSC-05546-VOL-2
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  • 95
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    Optical contamination evidence from Skylab and Gemini flights (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Final results from a part of the T027 experiment performed on the first Skylab mission are presented. The sample array system containing 248 optical surfaces and exposed outside the orbital workshop did not collect any significant contaminants. Unfortunate performance compromises and the relative cleanliness of the assembly on the antisolar side placed the amount of available surface contaminants at or below the limiting sensitivity of the ground measuring instruments. Significant contamination was seen near the extravehicular hatch quadrant on the solar side of the orbiting assembly, and some results from returned samples are presented. Optical windows and mirrors exposed on the Gemini 12 mission showed degradation up to 35% in the UV wavelength region and solar absorptance increases up to 1.8 times the clean values. An expression for the attenuation coefficient vs wavelength is presented. The contaminant, a silicone base material, varied in thickness from 22 nm to 88 nm. The postflight scattered luminance of a contaminated Gemini 12 left-hand spacecraft hatch window was used to obtain threshold stellar visibility curves as a function of scattered and incident sunlight angles.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Applied Optics; 14; Dec. 197
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  • 96
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    Study of materials for space processing (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Materials were selected for device applications and their commercial use. Experimental arrangements were also made for electrical characterization of single crystals using electrical resistivity and Hall effect measurements. The experimental set-up was tested with some standard samples.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-141236 , PC-NAS-002
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  • 97
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    Space processing convection evaluation - G-jitter convection of confined fluids in low gravity (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: G-jitter convection, caused by time-varying accelerations imparted on a heated container of fluid in low gravity, is investigated analytically. The mathematical model used is constructed from the Navier-Stokes equations which are solved with a finite-difference method on a digital computer. Results are presented for typical space processing configurations and anticipated g-jitter levels, with emphasis on sounding rocket applications. The calculations indicate that g-jitter can cause significant temperature oscillations, increase or decrease local heat transfer and produce oscillatory convective flow patterns. These factors can have significant effects on important processes such as crystal growth (banding, for example) and separation techniques.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: AIAA PAPER 75-695 , American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Thermophysics Conference; May 27, 1975 - May 29, 1975; Denver, CO
    Format: text
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  • 98
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    Navigation results of the Mariner Venus/Mercury 1973 mission (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The navigation aspects of the Mariner Venus/Mercury 1973 mission are presented. Principal emphasis is on the maneuver strategy employed, propellant costs and the results of the navigation performance relating to the accomplishment of the mission objectives including an extended mission for a second Mercury encounter. Key error sources and mission constraints are discussed. Of particular interest is the impact of in-flight adaptation of the pre-launch maneuver strategy (due to spacecraft anomalies) on propellant cost and the delivery achieved at the first Mercury encounter. The maneuver strategy and propellant cost for the extended mission are shown to be heavily influenced by the delivery achieved at the first Mercury encounter and the science objectives at the second Mercury encounter.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: AIAA PAPER 75-84 , American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Aerospace Sciences Meeting; Jan 20, 1975 - Jan 22, 1975; Pasadena, CA
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  • 99
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    Undercooling of materials during solidification in space (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The theoretical and actual effect of undercooling on molten materials below the equilibrium solid us temperature was studied. Materials in the categories of pure metals, alloys, and compounds were examined: their commercial and scientific value and past experience in their undercooling were considered. The material properties influencing undercooling behavior are reviewed, specified, and categorized. The effects of gravity and its absence are investigated. It is shown that presence of heterogeneous nucleating agents is the main obstacle to achieving a large degree of undercooling.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120750
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  • 100
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    Space processing of chalcogenide glasses (1975)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Chalcogenide glasses are discussed as good infrared transmitters, possessing the strength, corrosion resistance, and scale-up potential necessary for large 10.6-micron windows. The disadvantage of earth-produced chalcogenide glasses is shown to be an infrared absorption coefficient which is unacceptably high relative to alkali halides. This coefficient is traced to optical nonhomogeneities resulting from environmental and container contamination. Space processing is considered as a means of improving the infrared transmission quality of chalcogenides and of eliminating the following problems: optical inhomogeneities caused by thermal currents and density fluctuation in the l-g earth environment; contamination from the earth-melting crucible by oxygen and other elements deleterious to infrared transmission; and, heterogeneous nucleation at the earth-melting crucible-glass interface.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-120745 , AR-1
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