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  • Chromatographie  (11)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
  • 550 - Earth sciences
  • Historical Seismicity
  • gene expression
  • growth
  • hypertension
  • Springer  (20)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (1)
  • Commission for the Geological Map of the World
  • Community Online Resource for Statistical Seismicity Analysis
  • Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
  • Essen : Verl. Glückauf
  • Krefeld : Geologischer Dienst Nordhein-Westfalen
  • 2005-2009  (8)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (13)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1955-1959
  • 2008  (8)
  • 1972  (13)
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  • 2005-2009  (8)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (13)
  • 1960-1964
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Mostly based on traditional catalogues, without further research, several modern parametric catalogues are nevertheless straightforward, without question marks, and easily misleading (chronology, epicentre, epicentral intensity, not to speak of magnitude). The example of an Ionian time-window (1658-1664), with several major events, shows that the historical seismicity of the Ionian Islands, often thought to be well-known, actually needs a more or less drastic revision. A wealth of sources was collected, mostly from the Archives of the Republic of Venice, then ruling the main three islands of the Ionian Archipelago; it was ascertained that there are no important chronological gaps in the surviving documentation. Similarly outstanding, and in fact at the basis of a more balanced and precise view of one of the events in this time-window, are the souvenirs of Christoff von Degenfeld, a German nobleman at the service of the Republic of Venice. His manuscript, discovered at the library of Karlsruhe (Germany) in 1992, has been consulted again in the original, on the occasion of the preparation of this paper. Some question marks remain on the distributions of macroseismic effects of the earthquakes within this time-window, and this is due to the lack of information concerning the mainland. For this reason this study does not propose epicentres and, of course, magnitudes. An unusually long documentary appendix is provided, with the hope that it might contribute in discouraging authors of parametric earthquake catalogues from hasty exploitation and interpretation of often unreliable current catalogues.
    Description: Published
    Description: 43-91
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: open
    Keywords: Historical seismology ; Ionian Islands 1658-1664 ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Most of the ancient town of Tindari (NE, Sicily) was settled on a plateau the most surficial layer of which was made of unconsolidated material. Ongoing excavations at the archaeological site at Tindari uncovered a large portion of the decumanus which suffered deformations preliminarily assigned to coseismic effects. An analysis of the local dynamic response through the simulation of strong seismic shaking to the bedrock and modelling of spectral ratios of the bedrock-soft soil was carried out to verify the susceptibility of superficial terrains of the promontory to coseismic deformations. To perform this simulation the finite element method (FEM) was used. Four accelerometric recordings of three earthquakes of medium-high magnitude, recorded on rocky sites, were chosen to simulate the seismic shaking, using a constitutive law for the materials composing the promontory layers both of linear-elastic type and of elastoplastic type. The analysis of the linear-elastic field allowed the definition of the frequencies for which the spectral ratios of the accelerations recorded the highest amplifications; in particular the frequency range 31.5–37.2 Hz can be combined with deformation of the paved floor of the decumanus. The analysis in the elastoplastic field highlighted the zones of promontory more susceptible to suffer plasticization process. The results show that the topmost layer of the decumanus is the most susceptible to suffer plasticization. Therefore, the performed analysis lends greater support to the hypothesis that the deformations were produced by seismic shaking.
    Description: Published
    Description: 213-222
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Fourier analysis ; Elasticity and anelasticity ; Earthquake ground motions ; Site effects ; Computational seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Jean Vogt was born in 1929 in Strasbourg (France), where he attended primary and secondary school. At the University of Strasbourg, he graduated in Geography, and majored in Geomorphology. His professor was the geographer Jean Tricart, who taught him the importance of both geological field work and archive investigation. In 1955 he joined the French West-Africa Geological Service and later the French Bureau for Geology and Mines (BRGM). Along the following 20 years he lived as a “geological” globetrotter in a number of countries, dispensing his time between the field and the archives. In these years, he was concerned mainly with mining geology, geomorphology, superficial deposits, and landslides. This unique experience led him in 1975 to the responsibility of the “Seismo-Tectonic Project”, the BRGM project in relation with the French nuclear power programme. From 1975 to 1984, he gave a substantial impulse to the study of French historical earthquakes, and since then he visited almost every public archive in France, and several major archives and libraries in Europe and abroad. He took care at the same time of the follow-up of macroseismic studies of present-day earthquakes. After he retired in 1984, he continued on a personal basis his investigations of historical earthquakes, in Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, and the Caribbean area. Alongside and for about 50 years, Jean Vogt investigated uninterruptedly the agrarian history of Northeastern France and Southwestern Germany. He published in scientific journals and in local learned societies bulletins more than 500 notes and articles devoted to a variety of subjects, such as soil erosion, agriculture, cattle trade, and social conflicts. Jean Vogt died on 5 June 2005 in Strasbourg. His scientific legacy consists of a wealth of published papers, manuscripts, documentation related to history and seismology, awaiting to be further exploited, as he would have done.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3-16
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Jean Vogt ; biography ; historical seismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The recent seismological literature recorded three strong earthquakes in Algeria, Libya and Tunisia between 1656 and 1694 AD. The historical evidence for these derives from European sources only (gazettes, journalistic pamphlets, missionary literature). Considering the kind of sources involved, their likely biases and the geographical distances that divided their places of production from the places that they spoke about, it is possible that some of these accounts could be less than reliable, and therefore have little use as materials from which to assess earthquake parameters. To answer these doubts, we have retrieved, cross-checked and critically analysed the original historical sources quoted in previous compilations and studies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 163-184
    Description: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Historical Seismicity ; North Africa Earthquakes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: While the seismicity of the Southern Alps is high in the Eastern sector, corresponding to the Veneto and Friuli regions, it decreases towards West up to the Adda River. In the sector between the Lessini Mts. and Eastern Friuli the damaging earthquakes are clustered in a well defined seismic belt, where seismogenic sources responsible for earthquakes with Mw 6 have been defined in recent works. In contrast, the knowledge of the Southalpine sector West of this area is sparser; the area experienced some earthquakes with Mw〉5.5 and varied events with 4.8≤Mw≤5.5 the distribution of which is, apparently, random. For the area roughly defined by the basins of the Adda River to the West and the middle Adige River to the East, this paper reappraises the background knowledge of the earthquakes occurred before 1700. The investigation and the results are presented according to two successive periods, up to 1995 and from 1995 on. In the research performed up to 1995, the most important achievements concerned two different aspects: i) the assessement of several “fake quakes”, some of which were the object of paradigmatic case-histories; ii) the resizing and relocation of several, presumed damaging earthquakes. Though this round of investigation changed significantly the picture of the seismicity with respect to the Seventies, the research continued. For the period from 1995 on, the discussion focuses on the reliability of the available information; material that received little or no consideration before, new historical findings and comments to the seismological interpretation as in the most recent literature are also presented. This part includes also the discussion of archaeoseismological evidence of damage related to past earthquakes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 93-129
    Description: 3.10. Sismologia storica e archeosismologia
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: historical seismology ; Adda and Middle Adige River Basins ; Southern Alps ; archaeoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2017-04-03
    Description: The Valtiberina region (central Italy) has a seismic record going back to the Middle Ages and including five Io 〉 VIII MCS earthquakes, the earliest of which (1352, 1389, 1458). though recently and extensively studied, remain rather poorly known. This makes it all the more important to ensure that the later ones (1789, 1917) are as throughly studied as possible. The 1789 earthquake is listed by the current Italian catalogue (CPTI Working Group 2004) with Io VIII-IX MCS and Mm 5.8. These parameters were assessed from a database of 28 macroseismic intensity data points (Castelli et al. 1996), which is less than plentiful for a late 18th century earthquake. An analysis of the historical context of the 1789 earthquake and its influence on the production of contemporary accounts evidences a few research paths that previous studies either did not or could not take. Following them, the macroseismic database of the 1789 earthquake can be noticeably improved, providing the catalogue compiler with a mean to check the reliability of its current parameters.
    Description: Published
    Description: 249-260
    Description: 5.1. TTC - Banche dati e metodi macrosismici
    Description: open
    Keywords: Historical Seismicity ; 1789 Valtiberina Earthquake ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.05. Historical seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 7
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Keywords: 550 - Earth sciences
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
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    European journal of clinical pharmacology 4 (1972), S. 217-221 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Bethanidine ; guanethidine ; hypertension ; adrenergic blockade ; blood pressure ; dose response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A dosing schedule for the administration of oral bethanidine is described, which achieved optimal cumulative effect in each of 8 patients in 3 days or less. Individual patient dosage titration is necessary, because the required cumulative dose cannot be predicted on the basis of blood pressure, or creatinine clearance. The time course of the blood pressure response after the peak acute hypotensive effect was found to be variable and dependent upon the magnitude of effect and time of day. No blood pressure effect was noted in the recumbent position.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: beta-blockade ; substituted indoles ; hypertension ; work capacity ; clinical trial
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of a new beta-receptor blocking agent, 4-2 (2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropoxy)-indole, pindolol (Viskén®), was investigated in patients with essential hypertension of WHO grades I–II. Maximal and submaximal working capacity tests were done before and during treatment in 30 patients. 15 patients underwent a double-blind cross-over trial with placebo; and a further 15 patients were examined in an open study including a multiscaled working capacity test. The work tests were performed on a bicycle ergometer with increasing loads. The ECG was recorded continuously, and the blood-pressure was measured with a cuff. — In both groups the heart rate and systolic blood-pressure decreased significantly during treatment with Viskén, both at rest and during exercise. The resting and post-exercise diastolic blood-pressures were also significantly reduced after beta-receptor blockade with Viskén. No ECG signs of myocardial ischemia were found. The work capacity tests showed a slight reduction, of about 100 kpm/min, in four patients, whilst three improved their maximal working capacity.
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Amphetamin ; Catecholaminen ; Halluzinogenen ; Chromatographie ; Gas/Massenspektrometrie ; pg-Bereich
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine Reihe biologisch interessanter primärer Amine mit Phenyläthylamin-Struktur läßt sich in einer äußerst einfachen Reaktion in ihre Isothiocyanate überführen, wobei vorhandene Hydroxyle im gleichen Arbeitsgang silyliert werden können. Die Derivate lassen sich gut gas-chromatographieren. Sie liefern bei der Elektronenstoß-Ionisation meist nur wenige und dafür intensive Ionen, die sich als Tracer für die hochempfindliche massenspezifische Detektion der Verbindungen vorzüglich eignen. Arbeitet man mit niedriger Elektronenenergie (die von Fall zu Fall in Vorversuchen bestimmt werden muß), so ist das Molekül oft das Basision. Bei gleichzeitiger Erfassung seiner Isotopenionen kommt dem Verfahren eine besonders hohe Spezifität zu. Von den meisten der bestimmten Verbindungen konnten auf diesem Wege, d.h. mit GC-MD besonders ausgewählter Derivate, bis 10 pg noch erfaßt werden. Das Detektionssystem wäre allerdings in der Lage, sub-pg-Mengen zu sehen. Die Gas-Chromatographie wirkt jedoch infolge irreversibler Kolonnenadsorption so kleiner Mengen als beschränkender Faktor.
    Notes: Abstract Several biologically important primary amines with phenylethylamine structure can be converted in a very simple reaction to their isothiocyanates. Aromatic or aliphatic hydroxyl groups which may be present can be silylated in the same reaction step. The derivatives are much easier to separate by gas chromatography than their starting materials. On electron impact, they furnish only a few, intense ions which are ideal tracers for the mass specific gas chromatographic detection of the compounds. If a reduced electron energy is employed (which must be predetermined in each case), the molecular ions may often be the base ions. Simultaneous detection of their isotopic ions gives a gas chromatographic analysis of very high specificity. Using this approach (that is GC-MD analysis of specially chosen derivatives), most of the compounds tested could be detected down to the 10 pg-range. The mass detector would be able to measure sub-pg-quantities. However, the gas chromatograph is the limiting factor, since such small amounts are irreversibly adsorbed on the partition column.
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  • 12
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 261 (1972), S. 291-297 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von Suchtmitteln und Halluzinogenen ; Chromatographie ; Gas/Massenspektrometrie ; Übersicht
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine Übersicht wird gegeben über die Anwendung der Kombination Gas-Chromatographie/ Massenspektrometrie zum Nachweis von Suchtmitteln und Halluzinogenen, wobei besonders die Methoden der Massenfragmentographie (gleichzeitige Registrierung mehrerer Massenzahlen) und der Massen-Chromatographie (kontinuierlich wiederholte Registrierung vollständiger Massenspektren mit Verarbeitung der Informationen durch Computer) erwähnt werden. Höhere Empfindlichkeit und Kapazität (50–60 Bestimmungen je Tag) sind die Vorteile der Massenfragmentographie. Probleme des internen Standards werden diskutiert und einige praktische Anwendungsbeispiele beschrieben.
    Notes: Abstract A review is given on the application of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the detection of addictives and hallucinogens, with special emphasis being laid upon the methods of mass fragmentography (simultaneous recording of several mass numbers) and mass chromatography (continuously repeated recording of complete mass spectra and data processing by computer). Higher sensitivity and efficiency (50–60 determinations per day) are the advantages of mass fragmentography. Problems of internal standards are discussed and several examples of practical application are presented.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Untersuchung der Lipide in der Bürzeldrüse von Möwen ; Chromatographie ; Gas/Massenspektrometrie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe der GC/MS-Kombination wurden die Bürzellipide der Lach-, Herings- und Silbermöwe untersucht, die sämtlich komplex zusammengesetzte, untereinander sehr ähnliche Esterwachse sind. Die den Wachsen zugrundeliegenden Fettsäuren bestehen aus Caprylsäure sowie homologen Reihen von 2-methyl-,2, 6-, 2,8-, 2,10- und 2,12-dimethylsowie 2,4,8-, 2,6,8-, 2,6,10- und 2,6,12-trimethyl-substituierten Fettsäuren mit Kettenlängen von C8-C15. Als alkoholische Komponenten wurden homologe Reihen primärer Alkohole ohne sowie mit Methylverzweigungen in 2-, 4-, 2,6-, 2,8-, 2,10-, 2,12-, 2,6,10- und 2,6,12-Position mit Kettenlängen von C11-C18 nachgewiesen.
    Notes: Abstract The uropygial gland fats from the black-headed, the lesser black-backed and the herring gull, investigated by GLC/MS-combination technique, are shown to be complex mixtures of ester waxes. Among the wax acids octanoic acid is the main component, followed by homologous series of 2-methyl-, 2,6-, 2,8-, 2,10- and 2,12-dimethyl- as well as 2,4,8-, 2,6,8-, 2,6,10- and 2,6,12-trimethyl substituted fatty acids with chain lengths from C8-C15. As alcoholic components homologous series of primary alkanols without and with methyl-substitution in 2-, 4-, 2,6-, 2,8-, 2,10-, 2,12-, 2,6,10- and 2,6,12-position and chain lengths from C11-C18 could be detected.
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  • 14
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 261 (1972), S. 310-314 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Kohlenwasserstoffen ; aromatisch polycyclisch ; Abgasen und Staub ; Chromatographie ; Gas ; Capillar-GC von Autoabgasen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Anreicherungsverfahren und die capillar-gas-chromatographische Bestimmung von polycyclischen aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen beschrieben. Zur quantitativen Auswertung werden die Flächen der F.I.D.-Signale mit zwei inneren Standards verglichen. Kraftfahrzeugabgas und Luftstaub aus Industriegebieten unterscheiden sich durch charakteristische Mengenrelationen von Benzo(a)pyren zu Anthanthren, Benzo(ghi)perylen und Coronen.
    Notes: Abstract A method of enrichment and separation of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons [anthracene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)fluorene, benzo(b)fluorene, benzo(c)fluorene, benzo(c)phenanthrene, benzo(ghi)fluoranthene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, triphenylene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(j)fluoranthene, benzo(e)pyrene, benzo(a)pyrene, perylene, dibenz(a,j)anthracene, dibenz(a,h)anthracene, benzo(ghi)perylene, anthanthrene, coronene] by capillary-GLC is described. The amount of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons is determined by comparison of FID-signals in relation to standards. Automobile exhaust and air pollutants demonstrate different relations of benzo(a)-pyrene to anthanthrene, benzo(ghi)perylene, and coronene.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Analyse von Aminosäuren undα-Ketosäuren ; Chromatographie ; Ionenaustausch ; Pyridoxylderivate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur Analyse von Aminosäuren werden deren Pyridoxylderivate hergestellt und durch Flüssigkeits-Chromatographie getrennt. Die Bestimmung im Eluat erfolgt über die UV- oder Fluorescenzspektren oder durch Aktivitätsmessung, wenn radioaktives NaBT4 bei der Darstellung verwendet wird. Diese letzte Methode ist die empfindlichste. Die Empfindlichkeit kann bis zu 10−13 Mol gesteigert werden (Fehler ± 5%). Das Verfahren kann ebenfalls für die Analyse vonα-Ketosäuren eingesetzt werden.
    Notes: Abstract The synthesis of pyridoxyl-amino acids and their separation by liquid chromatography is described. The determination of the compounds in the eluate can be performed optically via the UV- or fluorescence spectra or radiochemically by activity measurement when radioactive NaBT4 is used in the preparation. The latter method is the most sensitive one. Sensitivity can be increased up 10−13 Mol (error ± 5%). The procedure described can also be applied to the separation and determination ofα-keto acids.
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  • 16
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 261 (1972), S. 342-347 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Chromatographie ; Säule ; Apparatur ; elektronisch gesteuert
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine elektronisch gesteuerte Säulen-Chromatographie-Anlage beschrieben, mit der beliebige chromatographische Trennungen im präparativen und analytischen Maßstab durchgeführt werden können. Ebenso kann eine Niederdruckwie Hochdruck-Chromatographie betrieben werden. Auf einem Steuergerät wird das Chromatographie-Programm eingestellt: Die Reihenfolge der Elutionssysteme, deren Durchflußvolumina, die Fraktionsvolumina für das jeweilige Elutionssystem und die automatisch einsetzende Regenerierung nach Ablauf des Chromatographie-Programms. Außer der schrittweisen Elution sind mehrere Gradiententechniken durchführbar.
    Notes: Abstract An electronically controlled apparatus for programmed column chromatography is described. It may be applied universally both for preparative and analytical column chromatography at either low or high pressure. The chromatographic procedure is programmed into the monitor: the sequence of the individual elution systems, the desired flow volume and the fraction size for each system and finally the regeneration of the column after completion of the chromatography. In addition to the stepwise elution several gradient techniques are possible.
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  • 17
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 261 (1972), S. 347-353 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Cortisol in Serum ; Chromatographie ; Säule/Spektralphotometerie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Prinzipien für die Optimierung einer chromatographischen Trennung in bezug auf Auflösung und Verdünnung werden auf die Trennung von Corticosteroid und Cortisol angewandt. Unter den bei der Optimierung gefundenen Bedingungen erfolgt die Trennung in weniger als 4 min. Mit einem rauscharmen spektrophotometrischen Detektor können 8,5 ng Cortisol mit einer Präzision von 20% und 100 ng mit einer Präzision von 3,3% bestimmt werden. Bei der Bestimmung in Serum wird Cortisol zuerst mit Dichlormethan extrahiert. Die Vollständigkeit der Extraktion wurde chromatographisch bestätigt.
    Notes: Abstract The principles for the optimization of chromatographic separations with respect to resolution and dilution are applied to the separation of corticosteroid and cortisol. Under the conditions found at the optimization the separation is performed in less than 4 min. With a low-noise spectrophotometric detector 8.5 ng of cortisol can be determined with a precision of 20% and 100 ng with a precision of 3.3%. For the determination in serum cortisol is extracted first by the use of dichloromethane. The complete extraction was confirmed chromatographically.
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  • 18
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 261 (1972), S. 369-376 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Auswertung unvollständiger Trennungen ; Chromatographie ; Fortran-ProgrammChroma ; Bi-Gauss-Approximation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Richtige Auswertungen von unvollständigen chromatographischen Trennungen sind nur mit parametrischen Verfahren zu erreichen, welche die Peak-Funktion berücksichtigen und mit einem Extrapolationsverfahren die zugehörigen Parameter bestimmen. Für die Chromatographie der Aminosäuren mit Ionenaustauschern ist die Peak-Funktion mit einer Bi-Gauss-Approximation hinreichend genau zu beschreiben. Nach diesem Verfahren arbeitet das beschriebeneFortran-ProgrammChroma, wobei der Fehler der Flächenbestimmung von unvollständig getrennten Peakgruppen kleiner als 0,5% ist. Diese Methode gestattet es, ohne Einbuße an Genauigkeit bestehende Arbeitsverfahren, die zu vollständigen Trennungen führen, auf Säulen etwa halber Länge anzuwenden. Dadurch steigt die Arbeitskapazität eines Aminosäuren-Analysators auf das Doppelte. Zur Datenerfassung eines 2 h-Chromatogramms ist es ausreichend, das Analogsignal alle 15 sec abzutasten und in digitaler Form z.B. auf einen Lochstreifen zu übertragen.
    Notes: Abstract Correct evaluation of incomplete chromatographic separations can only be achieved with parametric methods considering the peak function and determining the respective parameters by an extrapolation procedure. For the ion-exchange chromatography of amino acids the peak function can be described with sufficient accuracy by a Bi-Gauss approximation. This method is used for theFortran programChroma described, the error of area determination of incompletely separated peak groups being smaller than 0.5%. The method permits the application of existing completely separating procedures with half the column length without loss in accuracy. The efficiency of an aminoacid analyser is thus doubled. It is sufficient for data collection of a 2 h program to scan the analog signal every 15 sec and to transfer it in digital form to a punched tape.
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  • 19
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    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 261 (1972), S. 393-394 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Naphthol-1 in Naphthol-2 ; Chromatographie ; Gas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 20
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    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 262 (1972), S. 278-282 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Vitamin D3 in Lebertran ; Spektralphotometrie ; Verseifung ; Extraktion ; Sterinfällung ; Chromatographie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es werden verschiedene Aspekte der Vitamin D3-Bestimmung an Hand der Literaturangaben diskutiert und erläutert. Die eigentliche spektralphotometrische Vitamin D3-Bestimmung erfolgt nach der alkalischen Verseifung, Extraktion der unverseifbaren Anteile, Fällung der begleitenden Sterine und nach der säulen- und dünnschicht-chromatographischen Trennung des Vitamins D3 auf 40 cm DC-Platten von anderen Vitaminen. Der Farbstoff α-Naphtholbenzein eignet sich besonders als Leitsubstanz für die bessere Lokalisierung der Vitamin D3-Zone an der DC-Platte. An Hand der gleichzeitig durchgeführten biologischen Versuche wurden die Ergebnisse kontrolliert.
    Notes: Abstract The different aspects of Vitamin D3 determination and the data reported in the literature are discussed. The spectrophotometric determination of Vitamin D3 in cod-liver oil is carried out after the alkaline saponification, extraction of unsaponified parts, precipitation of accompanying sterols and the column- and thin-layer chromatographic purification and separation of vitamin D3 on 40 cm plates from other vitamins. The dyestuff α-naphtholbenzein is suited well as standard substance for the better location and identification of vitamin D3 zone on the thin-layer plate. The results obtained from the chemical method were checked through the simultaneous biological determination.
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  • 21
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Nachw. von 5-Phenyl-1,4-benzodiazepinen, Chlorazepate, Chlordiazepoxid, Diazepam, Medazepam, Nitrazepam ; Chromatographie, Dünnschicht ; zweidimensional, saure Hydrolyse Nachw. von Tranquilizern ; Chromatographie ; Dünnschicht ; 5-Phenyl-1,4-benzodiazepine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Analysenmethode zum Nachweis und zur Trennung von fünf 5-Phenyl-1,4-benzo-diazepinen (Chlorazepate, Chlordiazepoxid, Diazepam, Medazepam, Nitrazepam) beschrieben. Nach einer Trennung in der ersten Laufrichtung eines zweidimensionalen Dünnschicht-Chromatogrammes werden die Benzodiazepine durch Behandeln mit Salzsäure in Benzophenonderivate überführt. Die nachfolgende Trennung in der zweiten Laufrichtung gibt Strukturhinweise und führt zu einer empfindlichen Charakterisierung. Die Nachweisgrenze beträgt etwa 0,02 μg.
    Notes: Abstract An analysis method for the separation and detection of five 5-phenyl-1,4-benzodiazepines (Chlorazepate, Chlordiazepoxid, Diazepam, Medazepam, Nitrazepam) is described. After separation in the first dimension of two-dimensional thin-layer chromatograms, the benzodiazepines may be converted to benzophenone derivatives by means of treatment with hydrochloric acid. The subsequent separation in the second dimension provides structural information and permits exact specification by way of Rf-values and Bratton-Marshall detection. With this method contents as low as 0.02 μg can be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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