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  • Rhizobium  (48)
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  • Springer  (87)
  • Cambridge University Press
  • 1980-1984  (52)
  • 1970-1974  (35)
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  • Springer  (87)
  • Cambridge University Press
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  • 1980-1984  (52)
  • 1970-1974  (35)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1955-1959
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Planta 161 (1984), S. 32-36 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): Ononitol ; O-Methyl-scyllo-inositol ; Pisum (root nodule) ; Rhizobium ; Root nodule
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Ononitol (4-O-methyl-myo-inositol) and O-methyl-scyllo-inositol were identified in pea (Pisum sativum L.) root nodules formed by twoRhizobium leguminosarum strains. Ononitol was the major soluble carbohydrate in nodules formed by strain 1045 while O-methyl-scyllo-inositol and two unidentified components were dominant in the carbohydrate pattern of the nodules formed by strain 1 a. The cyclitols were also present in the denodulated roots, but to a much smaller extent; in the above-ground plant parts only traces were found. The identification of ononitol and O-methyl-scyllo-inositol was established by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry utilizing trimethylsilyl- and acetyl-derivatives.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): Bacteroid ; Glycine (bacteroids) ; Denitrification ; Rhizobium
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Nitrate, nitrite and nitrous oxide were denitrified to N2 gas by washed cells ofRhizobium japonicum CC706 as well as by bacteroids prepared from root nodules ofGlycine max (L.) Merr. (CV. Clark 63). Radiolabelled N2 was produced from either K15NO3 or Na15NO2 by washed cells ofRh. japonicum CC705 grown with either nitrate only (5 mM) or nitrate (5 mM) plus glutamate (10 mM). Nitrogen gas was also produced from N2O. Similar results were obtained with bacteroids ofG. max. The stoichiometry for the utilization of15NO 3 - or15NO 2 - and the produciton of15N2 was 2:1 and for N2O utilization and N2 production it was 1:1. Some of the15N2 gas produced by denitrification of15NO 3 - in bacteroids was recycled via nitrogenase into cell nitrogen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Planta 154 (1982), S. 352-360 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): Medicago ; Nitrogen, combined ; Rhizobium ; Root nodule formation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Combined light and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the effect of nitrate on the development of root nodules in lucerne (alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.) following induction by the nitrogen-fixing symbiont, Rhizobium meliloti. The timing of NO 3 - addition was varied in order to study its effect on all of the recognized morphogenetic steps of nodule formation. Roots of plants inoculated in the presence of 18 mM NO 3 - had straight root hairs which were devoid of adherent rhizobia and infection threads, and developed no nodules. However, nodules were formed on roots if 18 mM NO 3 - was added 5 d after inoculation. At this time, the initiation of nodule primordia had already commenced in the root cortex. The histology and ultrastructure of young nodules which had developed for 5 d in the absence of NO 3 - and another 5 d in the presence of 18 mM NO 3 - resembled nodules developing under N-free conditions, except that in the infection threads within the infection zone of the nodule 1) some bacteria tended to loose their normal shape and gain more electron density, indicating premature degradation, and 2) the matrix of the infection threads was abnormally enlarged. In the presence of high NO 3 - levels in the medium, lysis and degeneration of the bacteria released from the infection threads were observed in the infection and bacteroid zones of developing nodules, indicative of premature senescence. On the other hand, the nodule meristems continued to proliferate even after 12 d of exposure of 18 mM NO 3 - . This was the only morphogenetic step of root nodulation which was insensitive to levels of combined nitrogen that completely prevented infection if present at the time of inoculation. These data indicate that all of the recognized steps of root nodule morphogenesis in which the bacteria play a key role are sensitive to the inhibitory effect of combined nitrogen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Planta 155 (1982), S. 112-115 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Schlagwort(e): Bacteroid ; Glycine ; Rhizobium ; Root nodule enzymes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Crude, Sephadex-filtered extracts of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) root nodules contained invertase (E.C. 3.2.1.26) activity with pH optima at 5.4 and 7.8, α,α-trehalase (E.C. 3.2.1.28) activity with pH optima at 3.8 and 6.6, and maltase (E.C. 3.2.1.20) activity with a broad pH optimum between 4.5 and 5.0. Bacteroids and cytosol were separated using Percoll density gradients. Cellulase and pectinase were employed to separate protoplasts from the infected region from the nodule cortex, which remained intract. Assays of disaccharidases from these nodule fractions indicated the following localization of enzymes: (1) Bacteroids lack invertase activity (pH 5.4 and 7.8). (2) Much, if not most, of the invertase activity may be localized in the nodule cortex; this is especially likely for acid invertase. However, there was substantial invertase activity in cytosol from the infected region. (3) Most of the maltase activity (pH 5.0) and trehalase activity (pH 3.8 and 6.6) were localized in the cytosol. It is likely that most of these disaccharidase activities are in the cytosol of the infected region, in contrast to invertase. (4) Bacteroids contain maltase (pH 5.0) and trehalase (pH 3.8 and 6.6), but the amount of these enzyme activities was less than 15% of total activity in nodules. Bacteroids and nodule cortex were capable of in-vivo hydrolysis of [14C]trehalose and [14C]maltose. These disaccharides were also hydrolyzed by soybean roots and hypocotyls. Therefore, while α,α-trehalose in soybean nodules is probably synthesized by the bacteroids, the capability for utilization of trehalose was not restricted to the bacteroids.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 137 (1984), S. 124-127 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Rhizobium ; Osmotic stress ; Salts ; Glutamic acid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract A defined medium of low osmolarity was developed permitting growth of Rhizobium meliloti with generation times of approximately 2.8 h doubling-1. The effects of sodium, potassium, magnesium, ammonium, chloride, sulfate, phosphate, bicarbonate and acetate ions on the growth rate of R. meliloti were determined. Sodium, potassium and ammonium ions had little effect on growth at concentrations of 100 mEq or less; magnesium ion inhibited growth severely at concentrations of 50 mEq (25 mM). Of the anions, chloride and sulfate appeared to have little effect while phosphate, bicarbonate, and acetate inhibited growth at concentrations of as little as 25 mEq. The addition of proline, glutamate, or betaine to cells growing in inhibitory concentrations of NaCl did not relieve the inhibition. When grown in the presence of inhibitory levels of NaCl, the intracellular concentration of glutamate but not of proline or gamma amino butyric acid increased 5-fold.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 140 (1984), S. 281-286 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Alkaline phosphatase ; Continuous culture ; Glycerol 1-phosphate uptake ; Phosphate exchange ; Phosphate uptake ; Rhizobium ; Snake bean bacteroids
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The effect of P nutrition on phosphate uptake and alkaline phosphatase activity was studied in chemostat culture for four rhizobial and three bradyrhizobial species. Phosphate-limited cells took up phosphate 10- to 180-fold faster than phosphate-rich cells. The four fast-growing rhizobial strains contained high levels of alkaline phosphatase activity under P-limited conditions compared to the repressed levels found in P-rich cells; alkaline phosphatase activity could not be detected in three slow-growing rhizobial strains, regardless of their P-status. Glycerol 1-phosphate-uptake in the cowpea Rhizobium NGR234 was derepressed over 50-fold under P-limited conditions, and appeared to be co-regulated with phosphate uptake. The phosphate-uptake system appeared similar in all strains with apparent K m values ranging from 1.6 μM to 6.0 μM phosphate and maximum activities from 17.2 to 126 nmol · min-1 · (mg dry weight of cells)-1. Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone strongly inhibited phosphate uptake in all strains and a number of other metabolic inhibitors also decreased phosphate uptake in the cowpea Rhizobium NGR234. The phosphate uptake system in all strains failed to catalyse exchange of 32P label in preloaded cells or efflux of phosphate. The results suggest a single, repressible, unidirectional and energy-dependent system for the transport of phosphate into rhizobia.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 132 (1982), S. 219-224 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Rhizobium ; Nitrogen fixation ; Nodules ; Soybean
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Several mutants defective in nodulation were isolated from Rhizobium japonicum strains 3I1b110 and 61A 76. Mutants of class I do not form nodules after incubation with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] for 17 days, but will do so by 28 days. When host plants other than G. max are infected with several of these strains, there is no detectable difference in the time of nodulation or size of nodules as compared to the wild type. Two mutants of class I (i. e., SM1 and SM2) have been shown previously to be altered in the lipopolysaccharide portion of their cell wall. Mutants of class II are not slow to nodulate but form fewer nodules than the wild type on all the host plants tested. Mutants of class III are unable to form nodules. Some bacteriophage-resistant mutants, altered in cell surface structure, fall into this class. Two mutants of class III do not bind to soybean roots.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 138 (1984), S. 187-190 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Rhizobium ; Aromatic metabolism in protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase ; R. trifolii
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.3) has been purified 42-fold from 4-hydroxybenzoate-grown cells of Rhizobium trifolii TA1, where it constitutes about 2% of the cell protein. The dioxygenase has a molecular weight of 220,000, with two dissimilar sub-units of molecular weights 29,000 and 26,500, corresponding to an α4β4 composition. The enzyme is specific for protocatechuate, with a Km of 1.75×10-5 M and maximum activity at pH 9.2. Metal removal and replacement studies indicate that the enzyme contains complexed Fe3+ which is required for activity. Direct atomic absorption analysis gave 1.3–1.5 g atoms Fe3+ per mole of isolated enzyme, but correction for metal-deficient proteins suggests that the value is close to 2.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 133 (1982), S. 162-163 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemotaxis ; Rhizobium ; Amino acids ; Sugars
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Chemotaxis by Rhizobium meliloti strain Ve 26 has been studied and conditions required for chemotaxis have been defined, using the Adler capillary assay technique. Several sugars and amino-acids were shown to be attractants with varying effectiveness for this organism: sugars are weak attractants (except gluconate) and amino-acids are good attractants (except unpolar amino-acids).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 133 (1982), S. 164-164 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Rhizobium ; Lotononis bainesii ; Carotenoids
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The carotenoid pigments of a Rhizobium strain isolated from Lotononis bainesii were found to be diglucosyl-4,4′-diapocarotene-4,4′-dioate and glucosyl-4,4′-diapocarotene-4-oate-4′-oic acid.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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