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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Finite element method applied to the problem of stability of a non-conservative system (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 63-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The finite element method is applied to the stability analysis of structural systems subject to non-conservative forces. The development of the method is general, but the specific application considered here is the stability of thin-walled members subject to follower forces. The method predicts the type of instability, whether it be buckling or flutter. Example problems, for which exact solutions are known, illustrate the accuracy and convergence characteristic of the finite element formulation.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030110
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamic analysis of structures using the rank force method (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 103-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The application of the finite element rank force method for the dynamic analysis of redundant structures is presented. The applied loading consists of discrete and distributed loads. Both forced and free vibrations are considered, the latter yielding latent vectors corresponding to dynamic redundancies.It is shown that the dynamic properties of an element are given by a static flexibility matrix, an inverse mass matrix, a damping parameter and a displacement vector representing the effect of the applied distributed loading.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030112
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An annular segment finite element for plate bending (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 119-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A stiffness matrix for a finite element having the planform of an annular segment is derived using the displacement approach. Numerical problems involved in the derivation are discussed and rapid convergence to exact solutions is demonstrated on three sample problems. It is concluded that the new element will be of great value to engineers concerned with the analysis of slabs of bridge decks curved in plan.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030113
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stress and deformation analysis of fibrous composite materials by point matching (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 89-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The point matching numerical method and its generalization, the method of boundary point least squares, have been successfully applied to numerous boundary value and eigenvalue problems. The present paper demonstrates the application of these techniques to problems in the micromechanics of fibrous composite materials, i.e. determination of elastic moduli and stress concentrations for parallel-fibre materials which are loaded transversely with respect to the fibres. The solution technique utilizes exact solutions of the governing equations of plane elasticity for each component fibre and its surrounding matrix material in a typical repeating section of the composite material. The continuity conditions for stresses and displacements between fibre and matrix and the repeatability conditions at the boundary of the repeating section are satisfied approximately in a pointwise manner. Some special numerical techniques which were found to be particularly useful in applying the point matching method to these problems are delineated. The method is demonstrated for composite materials having circular, elliptical and square fibres in regular, staggered arrays. Numerical results are given which show the accuracy of the method as well as stress concentration and composite elastic moduli data.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030111
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Concave programming and piece-wise linear programming (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 131-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: This paper discusses the mathematical foundations of a technique that has been used extensively in structural optimization.1-6 Two basic problems are considered. The first of these is the concave programming problem which consists of finding the global minimum of ‘piece-wise concave functions’ on ‘piece-wise concave sets’. Since any function can be approximated by a piece-wise concave function, this method could in principle be used to find the global minimum in non-convex optimization problems. The second one is the piece-wise linear programming problem in which the objective function is convex and piece-wise linear. The iterative method outlined for handling this problem is shown to be much more efficient than the standard simplex method of linear programming.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030114
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A frontal solution program for finite element analysisB. M. Irons, ‘A frontal solution program for finite element analysis’, Int. J. num. Meth. Engng, 2, 5-32 (1970). (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 149-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030116
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Editorial notice (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 154-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030202
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reduced integration technique in general analysis of plates and shells (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 275-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The solution of plate and shell problems by an independent specification of slopes and middle surface displacements is attractive due to its simplicity and ability of reproducing shear deformation. Unfortunately elements of this type are much too stiff when thickness is reduced.In an earlier paper a derivation of such an element was presented1 which proved very successful in ‘thick’ situations. Here a very simple extension is made which allows the element to be economically used in all situations.The improved flexibility is achieved simply by reducing the order of numerical integration applied to certain terms without sacrificing convergence properties. The process is of very wide applicability in improvement of element properties.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030211
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030301
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Discussion of paperS. Gallof and B. Kaplan, ‘Numerical solution and utilization of Green's functions,’ Int. J. num. Meth. Engng, 1, 169-175 (1969). by S. Gallof and B. Kaplan (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 295-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030214
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A static and dynamic finite element shell analysis with experimental verification (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 299-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A system of finite element shell analysis codes, called SABOR/DRASTIC, is used to analyse a complex two-layered shell of revolution under static and dynamic asymmetric loads. The dynamic analysis is compared with experimentally measured response. In this linear elastic analysis, emphasis is placed on the inherent flexibility of the finite element method in modelling the complex structural geometry of a given test specimen. Static studies, which involve variations in important shell parameters, and dynamic studies, which provide a successful correlation with experiment, are used to illustrate both the detail and the generality with which shell analyses may now be performed with confidence.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030302
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the calculation of consistent stress distributions in finite element approximations (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 317-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The theory of conjugate approximations1 is used to obtain consistent approximations of stress fields in finite element approximations based on displacement assumptions. These consistent stresses are continuous across interelement boundaries and involve less mean error than those computed by the conventional approach.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030303
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Generation of two- and three-dimensional finite elements (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 327-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Many of the known finite elements are based on a variational procedure in a functional basis of monomials. The present paper attempts to formulate completely a finite element procedure which is non-variational on a functional basis which is left to the choice of the user.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030304
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Discussion of paperSuryanarayan Patnaik and Pasala Dayaratnam, ‘Behaviour and design of pin connected structures’, Int. J. num. Meth. Engng, 2, 579-595 (1970). by Suryanarayan Patnaik and Pasala Dayaratnam (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 443-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030312
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Network-topological formulation of analysis and design of rigid-plastic framed structures (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 425-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A unified network-topological approach to the formulation and solution of the analysis and minimum weight design of rigid-plastic structural systems is presented. It is shown that both analysis and design can be formulated using network concepts, but that, in contrast to elastic networks, the formulation results in a mathematical programming problem. Formulations based both on the static and kinematic theorems of plasticity are presented, and it is shown that duality guarantees that the two types of formulation yield identical results. The problem is first formulated on the basis of a simple definition of yielding, and is then generalized to the case where yielding is defined in terms of a yield surface.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030311
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Non-linear structural analysis by dynamic relaxation (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 463-483 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Dynamic relaxation, an iterative method for use with digital computers, is described and is shown to be suitable for the solution of a system of linear equations and in particular for such problems derived from structural frame analysis. It is further shown that the method may be modified to include non-linear equations relating to these problems.Some specific examples of linear and non-linear solutions are given and comparisons are made with another computer method which performs the same tasks.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030403
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A finite-deflection analysis of shallow arches by the discrete element methodThis paper is Crown copyright and is reproduced here with the permission of the Controller, Her Majesty's Stationery Office. (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 529-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The discrete element displacement method is used to analyse the finite-deflection behaviour of shallow arches. The arches are idealized as assemblies of shallow curved elements and the necessary properties of the displacement patterns in these elements are discussed. Numerical solutions of the geometrically non-linear problem are obtained by directly minimizing the total potential energy of the system.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030408
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Global-local finite element (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 565-574 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Finite element procedures usually require more degrees of freedom for a specified accuracy than does a classical Ritz procedure if suitable coordinate functions are available. This paper develops a combined global and local dependent variable representation which couples the conventional and finite element Ritz methods. This hybrid method preserves much of the flexibility of the finite element method while increasing the solution accuracy for a specified system order. The method is illustrated by examination of a beam and a plate vibration problem.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030410
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A simple algorithm for the stiffness matrix of triangular plate bending elementsThe authors are indebted to the referees for many comments and suggestions. (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 553-563 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: For a hierarchy of polynomials on the triangle there is derived an algorithm for computing the stiffness matrix of the plate bending element. The algorithm is easy to program and means a considerable saving of the computing time. The same approach can be used for any elliptic equation with constant coefficients.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030409
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Improved numerical integration of thick shell finite elements (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 575-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A quadratic thick shell element derived from a three-dimensional isoparametric element was first introduced by Ahmad and co-workers in 1968. This element was noted, however, to be relatively inefficient in representing bending deformations in thin shell or thin plate applications. The present paper outlines a selective integration scheme for evaluating the stiffness matrix of the element, in which each component of the strain energy is evaluated separately using a different Gaussian integration grid for each contribution. By this procedure, the excessive bending stiffness of the element, which results from the use of me quadratic interpolation functions, is avoided.The improved performance of this element, as compared with the original thick shell element, is demonstrated by analyses of a variety of thin and thick shell problems. Editors' note: A similar development was outlined by O. C. Zienkiewicz and co-workers in lnt. J. num. Meth. Engng, 3, 275-290 (1971). Some important details differ between the two papers which are thus complementary.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030411
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  • 21
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    Digitale Medien
    An introduction to applied probability and random processes, J. B. Thomas, Wiley, New York, 1971. No. of pages: 350. Price: £6·15 (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 591-592 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030415
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971) 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030101
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  • 23
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    Digitale Medien
    Erratum (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 1-2 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030102
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Editorial (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 3-3 
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    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030103
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  • 25
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    Digitale Medien
    The finite difference and localized Ritz methods (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The conventional central finite difference equations for the plane stress extension of flat plates are derived as a localized Ritz process. A dual differential-variational discretization of this type enables common classification of the finite difference and finite element methods. Also, it provides alternative methods of establishing sufficiency conditions and relative rates of convergence for discrete systems derived from a localized Ritz process, and the existence of solution bounds for discrete systems derived using difference procedures.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030203
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  • 26
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    Digitale Medien
    Finite element formulation of general electrothermoelasticity problems (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 161-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: This paper is concerned with the development of consistent discrete models, via the concept of finite elements, of linear and non-linear electrothermomechanical behaviour of continuous bodies. In the development, general energy balances are utilized to derive equations governing electromagnetic fields over an element and coupled equations of motion and heat conduction of a typical element of the continuum. These equations make it possible to study a general class of field problems involving arbitrary geometries and boundary conditions. Sample problems are included.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030204
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Axial wave propagation in membrane shells of revolution (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 181-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The dynamic finite element technique, which is referred to in the literature as ‘computer-analysis’, is applied to wave propagation problems occurring in finite and semi-infinite linearly elastic membranes of revolution. Both semi-infinite and finite versions of cylindrical and conical membranes are considered, and a finite membrane having a meridional curve which is parabolic is solved. The source of excitation is generally a constant velocity motion of one end of the membranes, but the results for a stress-pulse input at one end of a semi-infinite cylindrical membrane are also given. The results for the finite membranes are new, and the results for the semi-infinite problems are discussed with respect to previously published results. The two-dimensional state of stress in the membrane requires careful ordering of the calculations, and the boundary conditions for finite membranes are shown to follow logically from this ordering of the calculations. The difference in the solutions resulting from prescribing an axial or a tangential velocity excitation at the end of a conical membrane is presented, and the mesh size necessary for convergence to the solution is indicated. The graphs of the results clearly indicate regions in space and time where the membrane model should be replaced by the shell formulation to represent a realistic structure. The technique is shown to be self-contained and independent of any formal method such as the method of characteristics.
    Zusätzliches Material: 18 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030205
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  • 28
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    Digitale Medien
    Dynamic programming and the solution of the biharmonic equation (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 199-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The numerical solution of the biharmonic equation in a rectangular domain is presented in the context of continuous dynamic programming techniques. The equations are specialized to the solution of elastic rectangular plates. A suitable approximate expression of a certain functional equation containing derivatives only in one direction is used to derive equations for the stiffness and flexibility matrices of the plate. It is shown that those matrices satisfy matrix Riccati equations subject to suitable initial conditions. It is also shown that the condition of optimality in the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation directly expresses a classical variational principle, i.e. the principle of complementary energy. Some numerical examples are finally presented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030206
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  • 29
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    Digitale Medien
    Non-linear programming for the plastic analysis of local deformations in shell structures (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 215-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The paper presents an analysis of the response of plastic spherical and cylindrical shells subjected to loads applied through a rigid boss. Special emphasis is placed on following the load-deflection behaviour of these structures after the application of the yield-point load in order to predict the appearance of any snapping action.The method of analysis assumes that upper bound calculations are applicable and that the associated velocity fields can be represented by a series of piecewise continuous polynomials. The internal dissipation of energy for the structures are then written in terms of the coefficients of these polynomials and the values appropriate to the solution are found by using a non-linear programming routine.The results of this analysis are correlated with a non-dimensional boss size parameter p and compared with the results of experimental investigations. Mention is also made of the possible effects of initial imperfections.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030207
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  • 30
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    Digitale Medien
    Trigonometric function representations for rectangular plate bending elements (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 261-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A study of bending of plates for small deformations by applying the finite element method is presented in this paper.A new class of displacement functions has been developed for rectangular bending elements. For the first time a method is proposed for the derivation of displacement functions in which trigonometric expressions that had apparently failed to yield satisfactory results in earlier attempts can be used along with polynomial terms.The derivation leads to conforming type of displacement functions which satisfy the convergence criterion. The approach also demonstrates how many more new displacement functions can be found.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030210
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  • 31
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    Digitale Medien
    A steepest gradient method for optimum structural design (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 249-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: This paper describes a search procedure for finding the unconstrained maximum or minimum of a function of many independent variables. If this function represents the volume, cost, stiffness, etc. of a structure and each of the independent variables is associated with a parameter governing the geometry of the structure then designs of optimum geometry may be made in certain cases with the assistance of this search procedure. The procedure consists of steepest gradient calculations used in conjunction with a reverse Fibonacci location process. A ridge-following technique is included to speed convergence in addition to localized exploration in the region of an optimum.The search procedure has been programmed for computer use and an outline of its structural design applications is presented together with an example of its efficiency in a specific case.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030209
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  • 32
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    Digitale Medien
    Quadrature rules for brick based finite elements (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 293-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030213
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  • 33
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    Digitale Medien
    A note on accuracy and convergence of finite element approximations (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 291-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030212
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  • 34
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    Digitale Medien
    Recent advances in matrix methods of structural analysis and design, edited by R. H. Gallagher, J. T. Oden and Y. Yamada, University of Alabama Press, Alabama, 1971. No. of pages: 904. Price: $32.50 (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 446-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030315
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  • 35
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    Digitale Medien
    Discussion of paperR. S. Barsoum and R. H. Gallagher, ‘Finite element analysis of torsional and torsional-flexural stability problems’, Int. J. num. Meth. Engng, 2, 335-352 (1970). by R. S. Barsoum and R. H. Gallagher (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 444-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030313
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  • 36
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    Digitale Medien
    Announcements (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 447-448 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030316
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  • 37
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    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030401
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  • 38
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    Digitale Medien
    The elasto-plastic indentation of a half-space by a rigid sphere (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 451-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Using the finite element method, a detailed study of the deformations and stresses produced in an elastic-perfectly plastic half-space indented by a rigid sphere was done. The analysis covers the transition region from the maximum elastic contact load to a state where this load has been increased one hundredfold. Experimental results available in the literature are in good agreement with the analysis. In solving repeatedly the large number of linear equations involved in the solution of the problem, it was found profitable, in order to save computer time, to modify the direct elimination method. This technique is described in some details in the paper.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030402
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A note on convergence of finite element solutions (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 485-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The convergence of nodal displacements obtained by the finite element method is investigated for special element patterns in plane elasticity with the aid of the differential equation derived from the equilibrium condition at each node. The convergence of strains is also discussed. It is shown that averaging is an effective tool for obtaining approximations to strain for some kinds of mesh arrangement. It is also shown that the approach becomes inaccurate along force boundaries.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030404
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  • 40
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    Digitale Medien
    A refined curved element for thin shells of revolution (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 495-508 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A refined axisymmetric curved finite element for the analysis of thin elastic-plastic shells of revolution is described in the paper. The improved element is obtained by employing cubic polynomials in terms of local Cartesian co-ordinates for the assumed in-plane and out-of-plane displacements. This introduces into the solution two internal degrees of freedom in the cord direction of each element. These internal degrees of freedom are removed by static condensation before assembling the individual element stiffness matrices, and are subsequently recovered after the nodal displacements are obtained. On comparison with the previous formulation, this procedure greatly improves the accuracy of the solution especially with regards to in-plane stress-resultants at discontinuities in the meridional curvature and interelement equilibrium of forces. The latter fact makes it possible to analyse shells with a discontinuous meridional slope. In using this element, improvement in the convergence of the elastic-plastic solutions has also been observed.Several examples illustrate the quality of solutions. The reported study is limited to axisymmetric loadings cum boundary conditions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030405
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Numerical methods for evaluation of equilibrium composition of ideal gases (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 509-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: This paper considers methods of solution of the relevant equations based on the Newton-Raphson process. Expressions are derived for calculation with both good and very poor initial guesses and for calculation of pressure, volume and temperature during an equilibrium process. A method of programming the calculations is outlined. Variations and modifications to suit specific situations are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030406
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  • 42
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    Digitale Medien
    An automatic mesh generation scheme for plane and curved surfaces by ‘isoparametric’ co-ordinates (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 519-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A computer orientated method is presented which generates meshes of triangular elements in plane and curved surfaces. Depending on geometrical and material variations, the region to be discretized is divided into a number of four sided zones. By using curvi-linear co-ordinate systems, nodes within and on the boundary of each zone are automatically positioned and referenced to a global Cartesian co-ordinate system. Elements are automatically assembled from these nodes. Input data is required to specify the positions and material properties of each zone and how they are connected. Examples are given which illustrate the range of meshes that can be generated. Extension of the method to generate three-dimensional tetrahedral elements is indicated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030407
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  • 43
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    Digitale Medien
    Incremental displacement in non-linear analysis (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 587-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030412
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  • 44
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    Digitale Medien
    An introduction to APL, W. Prager, Allyn and Bacon, Boston, 1971. No. of pages: 134 (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 591-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030414
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  • 45
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    Digitale Medien
    Letters to the editor (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 588-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030413
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  • 46
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    Digitale Medien
    Vibration analysis of rotating cantilever plates (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 233-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A finite element technique is used to determine the natural frequencies and the mode shapes of a cantilever plate mounted on the periphery of a rotating disc. The plane of the plate is assumed to make any arbitrary angle with the plane of rotation of the disc. The distributed centrifugal force is resolved into two components - one acting in the plane of the plate and the other normal to the plate. The stresses produced in the middle surface of the plate due to the in-plane forces are first determined. The increase in the bending stiffness of the plate elements due to these in-plane stresses is obtained in a manner similar to that used in the stability analysis of plates. The component of the distributed centrifugal force normal to the plate surface is added to the inertia force.From the results of computations carried out for various values of the aspect ratio, the speed of rotation, the disc radius and the setting angle, empirical formulae are derived giving the effect of these parameters on the natural frequencies. These empirical formulae are observed to be in agreement with the corresponding known formulae for rotating cantilever beams, when the aspect ratio is high.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030208
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  • 47
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    Digitale Medien
    Numerical control, olesten, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1970. No. of pages: 645. Price: £9.50 (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 445-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030314
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  • 48
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    Digitale Medien
    The numerical solution of non-linear consolidation problems (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: It has long been recognized that permeability, compressibility and viscosity vary during the consolidation of soil. However, the introduction of these variations into consolidation theory leads to formidable difficulties due to their rendering the equations highly non-linear. Numerical methods are given herein which enable the governing equation to be solved for a variety of different non-linear laws.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030104
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  • 49
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    Digitale Medien
    Application of the simultaneous iteration method to undamped vibration problems (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 13-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The simultaneous iteration method of obtaining eigenvalues and eigenvectors is employed for the solution of undamped vibration problems. This method is of significance when a few of the dominant eigenvalues and eigenvectors are required from a large matrix, and hence is particularly suitable for vibration problems involving a large number of degrees of freedom. It is shown that advantage may be taken of both the symmetry and the band form of the mass and stiffness matrices, thus making it feasible to process on a computer larger order vibration problems than can be processed using transformation methods. A method of allowing for body freedom is given and some numerical tests are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030105
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  • 50
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    Digitale Medien
    An economical method for determining the smallest eigenvalues of large linear systems (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 25-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The general eigenvalue problem Ax = λBx as arising from vibration problems tackled by the finite element method is often solved by the economization method in which the two matrices are reduced to a more manageable size and approximate answers are obtained.This paper analyses the method in a more mathematical way than previous accounts and leads to a definition of the optimum set of variables to be retained during the reduction. An extension to the method is suggested which allows the approximate eigenvalue to be improved and bounds are obtained on the eigenvalues of the full problem before reduction.An estimate is made of the calculation involved in the method and it is concluded, by reference to examples, that the extended method leads to a more efficient algorithm.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030106
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  • 51
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    Digitale Medien
    Solution of the compressible flow equations (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 35-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A technique is described for solving the compressible flow equations in subsonic flow. The general quasi-linear equation ∇.g∇v = 0 is considered with g a function of ∇v. ∇v, and iterations of the form ∇.gn∇vn+1 = 0 are analysed, where g0 is suitably chosen and gn defined from vn for n≥1. This approach is applied to the compressible flow equations in terms of a velocity potential ø: monotonic convergence is predicted and at each iteration the error is multiplied by a factor less than the square of the greatest Mach number in the solution.Reliable convergence has been obtained in practice solving the linear equation for øn+1 by a finite difference method. The alternative of working in terms of the stream function ψ is discussed, and also discretization by the finite element method.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030107
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  • 52
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    Digitale Medien
    The piecewise-linear analysis of two connecting structures including the effect of clearance at the connections (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 45-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A method of analysis is presented for two structures which have connections with clearance. It is assumed that the behaviour of the structures is described, by the movement of discrete nodes and that as the load on the structure changes, clearances open or close between corresponding nodes on the structures; each time this occurs the stiffness of the combined structure changes because its configuration has changed. Between these changes, the structure will behave linearly and the overall behaviour can be described as piecewise linear. Applications include diesel engine crankshafts with bearing clearances and the wrap-around problem in pin-and-eye connections.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030108
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Non-axial-symmetric thermal stresses in circular discs or cylinders (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 53-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A solution is presented for the computation of the transient thermoelastic stresses in a hollow cylinder with temperature boundary conditions given as a circumferential variation of surface heat transfer coefficient. The temperature distribution is solved explicitly. The problem is set up using the Airy stress function which leads to the biharmonic equation. This approach requires the satisfaction of three Michell integrals at the inner boundary in order to ensure single-valued displacements and rotation. An iterative method is described in which these integrals are all simultaneously satisfied and thus provide the necessary non-zero boundary conditions for the solution of the biharmonic equation which is rapidly solved by Gaussian elimination. Results are presented for the general case where the temperature is a function of r and θ. The computer program is checked by assuming a constant value of the surface heat transfer coefficients. In this case a closed form solution is obtained.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030109
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Note on dynamic relaxation (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 145-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method of solving a set of simultaneous linear equations requires an estimate of the spectral radius of the matrix. Dividing each equation by the corresponding row sum of moduli of the elements of the matrix gives a convenient upper bound of unity to this. This note shows that the DR method then gives a faster asymptotic rate of the convergence than the degenerate Chebyshev method which it closely resembles.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030115
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030201
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Process analysis by statistical methods, D. M. Himmelblau, Wiley, New York, 1968. No. of pages: 460. Price: £8·75; $19.95 (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 151-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030117
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An equation solver of very large capacity (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 379-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A very simple equation solver of very large capacity is developed. The method described here does not require a very large in-core memory; however, a fast random access device like a magnetic disk drive is required.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030307
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A numerical solution of axisymmetric problems in elastodynamicsThis research was supported by the Research Foundation of the State University of New York. (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 361-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The equations governing the axisymmetric dynamic deformation of an elastic solid are considered as a symmetric hyperbolic system of linear first-order partial differential equations. The characteristic properties of the system are determined and a numerical method for obtaining the solution of mixed initial and boundary value problems in elastodynamics is presented. Two examples are considered.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030306
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The solution of structural equilibrium equations by the conjugate gradient method with particular reference to plane stress analysis (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 349-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A computer program is described for the analysis of plates in extension using the equivalent plane-framework idealization. The conjugate gradient method is adopted to solve the resulting large number of simultaneous equations. Performance figures are quoted for the program when used on an ICL KDF9 machine with a restriction of 18K on the available core store. The method is generally shown to provide a satisfactory solution to a heavy computational task and thus permits the solution of very large structural systems on a small computer.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030305
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A powerful hybrid method in finite element analysis (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 389-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: An important limitation of finite element analysis, namely, the need for a large number of small elements in regions of finite or infinite stress concentrations and the difficulties of convergence in such cases, is well known. Rao1 suggested a possibility of overcoming this by developing hybrid techniques combining continuum and finite element concepts. In such techniques, each region of stress concentration is covered by one large ‘primary element’ whose description includes term(s) identifying the type and order of concentration, while the remaining structure is split into a few ‘secondary elements’ which are conventional finite elements. In this paper a procedure incorporating this concept is developed and its effectiveness is clearly demonstrated by successful application to two important examples, one of them with stress singularities. The concept, in fact, can be applied equally well to other two- and three-dimensional problems of continua with discontinuities and concentrations.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030308
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Linear programming methods of displacement analysis in elastic-plastic frames (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 415-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The analysis is aimed at determination of displacements in elastic-perfectly plastic frames, in the case of monotonically increasing loads. Spread of partial plasticity from hinges and change of geometry on the conditions of equilibrium are not included. Extremum energy principles and linear programming methods are employed to solve the problem. Both the kinematic and the static formulations of the problem are presented. The mathematical models of the formulations constitute a dual pair of linear programming problems.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030310
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Use of optimization methods to solve heat convection problems with unknown wall boundary conditions (1971)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 3 (1971), S. 405-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: In convection heat transfer problems, it is convenient to solve the governing differential equations by using straightforward marching techniques for numerical integration. However, the boundary layer equations in these heat transfer problems are not of the initial value type even though they are parabolic equations. Consequently marching techniques are not successful until correct initial values are known. A means of determining these initial values is presented herein. Selected optimization methods are utilized in conjunction with marching integration techniques to solve third- and fourth-order ordinary differential equations which have three unknown initial boundary conditions. Two optimization methods, one deterministic and the other non-deterministic in nature, are used both independently and in combination as determined by the particular circumstances. Two applications are used to demonstrate the technique and comparison is made with existing solutions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620030309
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hollow fiber membrane oxygenator (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 135-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Hollow fibers have been produced and evaluated for use as membrane oxygenators in an artificial heart device. Gas permeable capillaries now commercially available are unsuitable for this use because of: (1) low percent open cross-sectional area, (2) large internal diameter, and (3) high cost. A number of polymers were initially selected for evaluation because of their reported high gas permeabilities. Those selected include a number of rubbers of various compositions, certain poly-α-olefins and an experimental thermoplastic silicone rubber copolymer. These materials were first evaluated as flat membranes (films) for their gas permeabilities and also for ease of preparation in hollow fiber form. Hollow fibers were prepared from the most promising of those studied, poly-4-methylpentene-1 and the thermoplastic polydimethylsiloxane copolymer. Fibers, ranging in the size from 30 to 300 μ ID, were spun with open cross-sectional areas of 40-65%. Oxygen and carbon dioxide permeabilities measured on these fibers were compared to that of SilasticDow Corning medical grade poly (dimethylsiloxane). rubber membranes. These permeabilities range from 1/20 that of Silastic rubber for unmodified poly-4-methylpentene-1 to 2/3 for the thermoplastic silicone copolymer. Modification of poly-4-methylpentene-1 has made it possible to increase it's permeability by tenfold, while still maintaining physical properties necessary to spin and fabricate this material.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050214
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Elemental carbon as a biomaterial (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 41-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Advanced forms of elemental carbon were identified as potential implantable prosthetic materials and a study was conducted to determine specific applications. A survey of the carbon industry established material sources and specifications on available types of material. Specimen materials were supplied to several research organizations for in-vivo evaluation and produced acceptable results. Specific designs have been generated for a broad range of implantable prosthetics and prototypes have been provided for preliminary evaluation. The feasibilty of an organic mechanical attachment between cortical bone tissues and elemental carbon has been successfully demonstrated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050607
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Initial surface interaction of blood and blood components with Al2O3 and TiO2 (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 69-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The success of material implants in the vascular system has been limited by the fact that the intial events of blood coagulation on foreign material surfaces are not understood. Many materials have been evaluated in the search for a suitable implant material in this system. Recent success of porous ceramic materials in bone-ceramic compatibility studies stimulated the feeling that these materials should be tested in other body tissues such as the blood.Ceramic disks of Al2O3 and TiO2 were evaluated using a contact angle measurement technique to determine the characteristics of these material surfaces before and after exposure to a blood environment. This technique involved measuring the contact angle of sessile drops of various liquids on these surfaces with a microscope fitted with a goniometer eyepiece. By plotting these contact angles according to the procedure of Zisman, the characteristics of the surfaces could be evaluated.The clean ceramic disks were found to be extremely wettable even after exposure to a physiological saline environment. On exposure of these disks to a blood environment, it was observed that some type of film was adsorbed from the blood onto the ceramic surface during the initial minutes of exposure. This film had wetting characteristics consistent with layers of fibrinogen.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050609
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Skeletal extension of limb prosthetic attachments-problems in tissue reaction (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 143-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The skeletal attachment of a limb prosthesis approaches two specific and separate problems in tissue reaction to prosthetic materials: Skeletal fixation and trancutaneous interface.The skeletal fixation problem must be looked upon as a method to distribute the stress concentration of prosthetic material in such a manner so that living tissue is not embarrassed by prolonged excessive pressures. One must consider the functional mechanical stresses separate from the toxicological reaction of living tissues to prosthetic materials. Our current experience identifies the fact that vitreous carbon is extremely benign from the standpoint of living tissue reaction. Moreover, when placed in the configuration of irregular surfaces, it apparently encourages bone growth contiguous with the material. To this point, however, the reaction of living material to broad surfaces contiguous with vitreous carbon has not placed under concentration of functional stresses. Porous ceramic to this date has not supplied an appropriate answer to this problem.Transcutaneous perforation is available in the clinical sense only when a method can be presented which requires no specific hygiene and dressing. No drainage at all must be the rule at a transcutaneous perforation. Vitreous carbon in our experience so far has made contiguous epithealization feasible down the neck of a skin perforation. Four millimeters, from our experience, seems to be an appropriate location of epithelial downgrowth before transition into non epithealized connective tissue is available. The use of fixation skirts is felt to be necessary to provide stable, transcutaneous perforation.This paper presents evidence of the favorable tissue reaction both from a skeletal and cutaneous standpoint to vitreous carbon materials. A specific design for the successful skeletal fixation limb prosthesis is as yet not currently available and must await further clinical experience with human skin reaction to transcutaneous devices.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050612
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ceramics in surgery (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 231-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A study has been made of the ceramic-epoxy composite “Cerosium.” Experiments were conducted to evaluate the tissue reaction to such material and the extent of bonding established between ceramic and the tissues in which it was implanted. It was found that this material was well tolerated by the body and obtained definite fixation within the tissues when implanted into both bone and tendon. This occurred, however, not by the active infiltration of tissue but by fibrous encapsulation and it is recommended that for more meaningful stabilization, material of larger pore size is required.When Cerosium was implanted into the knee joints of rabbits, it was found to be unsuitable for intra-articular use because of the abrasive effect on the opposing cartilage and bone surfaces and the susceptibility of the material itself to abrasive wear. Furthermore, a full mechanical evaluation of standard specimens of Cerosium showed it to be degraded within the body due to a breakdown of the impregnating polymer.Ceramic-epoxy composites require a strong matrix and a totally stable impregnating material. While mechanically suited to replacing weight bearing surfaces, a smooth surface glaze is essential to avoid abrasive effects upon the opposing bone surface. Further investigation is required before these materials can be fully accepted into the armamentarium of the implant surgeon.
    Zusätzliches Material: 19 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050614
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An evaluation of inert and resorbale ceramics for future clinical orthopedic applicationsResearch Supported by the University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio. (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 25-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The compatibility of implanted ceramic materials with autogenous bone, and the subsequently noted influence of the ceramic on the rate of new bone formation, were investigated to evaluate such materials for use in orthopedic implants. Three ceramic materials, aluminium oxide (Al2O3), zirconium oxide (ZrO2), and calcium aluminate (yCaO · xAl2O3) were tested. These were placed in the femurs of rhesus monkeys for periods of 50, 100, and 350 days. Definite compatability between the autogenous bone and the materials was exhibited for the implant time periods evaluated. No toxicogenic activity was noted in any of the biochemical, biomedical, and ceramographic evolutions. An added benefit resulted from the calcium aluminate composition, which was fabricated as a two-phase oxide material to make it slightly soluble in the body fluids. In the 50- and 100- day implants, the bone penetrated the ceramic for distances up to 100 μ while the ceramic dissolved and the pores enlarged. In addition, the mineralization in the area of the calcium aluminate was greater than that found around the other ceramics. Radiographs over the entire 350-day implant period confirmed the increased callus formation around all of the materials with no signs of rejection evident in the surrounding osseous or soft tissues. After 350 days the entire pore area of the calcium aluminate ceramic was infiltrated with a columnar substance which on the basis of scanning electron microscope procedures was considered to be mineralized osteoid.
    Zusätzliches Material: 17 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050104
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Amino acid polymers for biomedical applications. I. Permeability properties of L-leucine DL-methionine copolymers (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 53-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A series of DL-methionine/L-leucine copolymers was prepared from the coresponding N-carboxy-anhydrides. The copolymers formed clear flexible films having low water vapor transmission rates. Peroxide oxidation of the pendant methyl-theioethyl groups to methyl-sulfinoethyl groups enhanced the hydrophilic properties of the membranes, and the water vapor transmission rates rapidly increased with an increase in the number of pendant methyl-sulfinoethyl groups. Increasing the leucine content of the membranes produced a 13-fold increase in the carbon dioxide permeability and a 6-fold increase in oxygen permeability, whereas, an increase in the methionine content doubled the carbon dioxide-oxygen separation factor.Synthetic poly (α-amino acids) are very similar to naturally occurring proteins with respect to composition and conformation. Because of these similarities, they are being considered in aerosol spray bandages, synthetic skin applications and as coatings for plastic prostheses. The unusual permeability characteristics of the DL-methionine/L-leucine copolymers make them interesting membranes for possible use in artificial kidney machines and blood oxygenators.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050105
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Flexural properties of equine metacarpus (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 63-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The flexural tests on 37 whole equine metacarpus bones are described and the results are given in terms of fundamental material properties as a function of age. The moduli of elasticity, rupture, and failure increase then decrease with increasing age. The rupture and failure deformations decrease with age. The stiffness and fragility indices increase with age. Averaging the data for all ages, the modulus of rupture was 35 ksi, the deflection at rupture was 0.22 inches, and the modulus of elasticity was 1.7 × 10 psi. The flexural rupture strength is about twice the uniaxial compression strength and about five times greater than the torsional strength for whole bone tests. The moduli of elasticity are about the same for flexure and uniaxial compression, and about five times greater than the torsional modulus of rigidity for whole equine bone.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050106
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050201
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microvascular and histogenic responses to implantation of a porous ceramic into boneThis paper was presented in part at the annual meeting of the American Academy of Implant Dentists, Washington, D. C., Dec. 1967, and at the Gordon Research Conference on Science and Technology of Biomaterials, Holderness, N. H., June 1968. (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 81-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A porous ceramic, in the form of small discs, has been implanted into the upper tibiae of adult mongrel dogs in survival experiments. A similar sized disc of a metal (vitallium, titanium, or stainless steel) was also implanted, for comparison, into each tibia. The tissue specimens were studied by microangiography and correlated histology. At the 4-month, and longer, intervals, the specimens were sectioned with the ceramic disc in situ. Injected capillaries were then observed to have penetrated the ceramic.The metals became surrounded by a shell of new-bone, lined by a fibrous membrane of varying thickness. The ceramic implants, on the other hand, appeared to have remained inert within the cancellous area of the tibiae, not surrounded by either a membrane or an osseous shell.Implications of these findings were discussed and further experiments, some of which are in progress, were proposed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 22 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050107
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of blood compatible polymers using the electret effect (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 59-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Excellent in vivo thromboresistance has been obtained for FEP Teflon and for a polyether urethane prepared with electronegative surfaces using the electret effect. In vitro tissue culture studies have shown a marked improvement in tissue compatibility for negatively electrified Teflon. Studies on other materials, including Hypalon rubber, sulfonate cross-linked Hypalon and Kel F have shown a moderate improvement in blood compatibility. These in vitro and in vivo experiments will be described. Surface physical properties of these electrified materials, including water contact angle and charge, have been measured. Correlations between surface physical measurements and blood compatibility data will be presented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050208
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New blood-compatible polymers for artificial heart applications (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 105-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Flexible and rigid epoxy and urethane polymers containing heparin chemically and uniformly incorporated throughout and/or ionically complexed to quaternized amine grops were prepared and shown to have excellent thromboresistance in vitro and in vivo. These heparin-modified polymers were implanted into the vena cava of dogs and successfully passed multiple acute (2 hr) and chronic (2 week) exposure periods. It was also demonstrated that the chemically coupled heparinized epoxies had no measurable adverse effects on blood cells, platelets, or plasma proteins, and that the heparin was not extractable. Significantly, epoxies containing polyoxypropylene/polyoxyethylene glycol (an additive which had no thrombus-inhibiting properties of its own) also exhibited excellent thromboresistance when characterized in vivo in dogs. The applicability of these various materials for the fabrication of circulatory assist device components was demonstrated. The effect of polymer polarity, surface charge, and conductivity were investigated with indeterminate results and unmodified commercial polymers uniformly exhibited poor clotting characteristics. In vitro clot-inhibiting characteristics were shown to be a sufficient, but not necessary, condition for indicating in vivo thromboresistant activity in polymer systems.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050212
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Implantable impermeable flexible encapsulants for artificial organsInvestigation carried out under Contract PH-43-68-1397, NHI, Artificial Heart Program, C. C. Enger, Principal Investigator. Histologic investigations carried out under Research Grant AM-1579, NIH, F. W. Rhinelander, Principal Investigator.Paper presented in part at Artificial Heart Program Conference, Washington, D. C., June 1968. (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 149-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: These studies have furthered the development of a flexible impermeable encapsulant for implantable electronic devices. Medical grade silicone rubber, a widely used implantable material, is well known to be permeable to water vapor. We have demonstrated that silicone rubber is apparently permeated by electrolytes. This permeability to electrolytes can be blocked by impregnation of the silicone rubber with certain naturally occurring waxes during vulcanization. Implantation into living tissue has shown this material to be well tolerated. Of the natural waxes studied thus far, spermaceti has revealed the best overall properties as an impregnant for silicone rubber.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050215
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The swelling implantPresented at the Symposium on Medical Applications of Plastics at the joint meeting of the American Chemical Society and the Canadian Chemical Society, Toronto, Canada, May 1970. (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 179-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Expanding artificial implants are made of crosslinked hydorphilic polymers which imbibe body fluids and swell to a predetermined volume. The material is implanted in a dehydrated state; it then swells to fill a body cavity (i.e., vitreous cavity in the eye), or to give a form to the surrounding tissues (i.e., in plastic surgery). Such implants can be introduced in organs or tissues through a smaller incision than regular plastic and rubber implants, and have the advantage over injectable polymers in that they do not separate into globules and do not migrate from the area of implantation. The swelling equilibrium of slightly crosslinked poly (glyceryl methacrylate) [PGMA] hydrogels in salt solutions, urea, serum, and in the homogenized vitreous of the eye is given. Also, the swelling rate of PGMA in physiologic saline solution and in serum, as well as the swelling pressure-volume relationship of PGMA gels in water, is reported. The application of PGMA as an expanding implant inside the eye, and against its outer wall in retina surgery, is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050217
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Permeability studies with cellulosic membranes (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 459-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The true diffusive permeabilities of commercial, modified commercial, and laboratory cast regenerated cellulose membranes were measured with a batch dialyzer using 15 solutes (sodium chloride, nine radioactively labelled organic solutes, and five low molecular weight proteins) ranging in molecular weight from 58 to 68,000. Additional measurements included membrane thickness, water content, and strength properties, as well as equilibrium solute partition coefficients and solute diffusion coefficients in free solution. All commercial cellophanes were similar in sodium chloride permeability on a unit thickness basis and were significantly less permeable than hydrophilic wet gel membranes. This difference was attributed to the irreversible collapse of membrane structure upon drying. As the solute characteristic size increased, permeability decreased more sharply with commercial cellophane than with wet gel cellulose, the ratio between the two becoming an order of magnitude for large solutes. The ratio between the solute diffusion coefficient in the membrane and in free solution decreased exponentially with increasing solute size. The results suggest further work for higher permeability cellulosic hemodialysis membranes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050504
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Erratum (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 529-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050508
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preface (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. iii 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050602
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The amount of tin in the γ1 phase of dental amalgam (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 239-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Spherical-particle Ag-Sn alloy powders containing 4.3, 8.3, 12.0, 15.4, 18.5, 21.4, and 24.1 atomic per cent Sn were obtained. Amalgams from these alloys were examined by x-ray diffraction and metallography for the presence of the γ2 phase and the γ1 → β1 phase transformation. A single amalgam of the approximate composition of dental amalgam was prepared from a melt at high temperature and pressure and likewise examined.Results showed that the solubility of Sn in Ag-Hg is about 7 atoms of Sn per unit cell of the γ phase. As clinically prepared, the γ1 phase of dental amalgam contains, however, only about 5 atoms of Sn per unit cell. These 5 atoms, nevertheless, result in a very considerable stabilization of this phase due to the increase in its electron concentration.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050310
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of a radiopaque denture base material (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 253-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Radiopaque glass-resin composites were made for evaluation as denture base materials. The addition of silane-treated, radiopaque, powdered glass to clear poly(methyl methacrylate) resulted in composites that had greater optical translucency than commercially available pink denture base resins. These formulations could be pigmented and opacified to produce materials that simulated oral soft tissues in color and translucency.Other composites were made using various monomer, polymer and glass combinations. Those made from mixes of BIS-GMA, methyl methacrylate, poly(methyl methacrylate), and radiopaque glass had excellent translucency but handling characteristics were less than ideal.Removal of very small glass particles (less than a few μm) appeared to improve optical translucency.A radiographic survey of 12 specimens that contained from 29 to 57% of the radiopaque glass, indicated that all had sufficient radiopacity to aid in localization of swallowed or aspirated dentures made from such materials.Finishing procedures on composite specimens were more difficult and timeconsuming and did not produce surfaces as smooth as those obtained on poly(methyl methacrylate). The finished surfaces felt smooth to the tongue but might stain more easily in the mouth.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050312
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quantitative and qualitative changes of spherical gamma particles resulting from amalgamation (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 307-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: One-thousand gamma particles in spherical amalgam and 1000 spherical gamma particles embedded in resin were sectioned, and the diameters for the sections were measured. Microhardness determinations were done on 50 particle sections in amaglam containing 46% mercury, 50 sections in amalgam of 52% mercury, and 50 sections of nonamalgameted particles embedded in resin.The gamma particles in amalgam seemed to have expanded as a result of their uptake of mercury. The gamma particles in amalgam had a lower hardness than the nonamalgamated particles embeded in resin. The hardness values ofthe particles were not statistically different in amalgam comtaining 46 and 52% mercury.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050403
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A device to study the degradation of blood in a shear field with controlled wall effects (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 315-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A technique is described for studying shear-induced degradation of blood with near-uniform shear exposure to walls of a single material. The device used is a specially designed coni-cylindrical viscometer with essentially all blood-contacting surfaces constructed of a single test material. The technique developed permits exposure of blood only to this material under such conditions that significant shear occurs only in the viscometric region of the device. Contact with air is prevented. Preliminary data are reported for blood taken from fasting dogs and tested in a prototype device constructed of polycarbonate (Lexan). Venous blood was found to hemolyze much more than arterial blood and the extent of hemotysis increased with time. Changes were also observed in the electrophoretic pattern of the plasma proteins.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050404
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Radiopaque denture base materials technic dentures (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 359-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Technic dentures were made using composite base materials containing 30,40, and 50 weight % of a silance-treated, readiopaque, powdered glass as the reinforcing filler and poly (methyl methacrylate) as the matrix. Dentures containing no glass were included for comparison. Molar-to-molar dimensional changes, effects of silance treatment fo the procelain teeth and handling and finishing characteristics were determined.Dentures containing glass had less dimensional change during curing and subsequent water storage than those without glass. Thick upper dentrues exhibited the least change and thin lowers, the most. The Differences in the magnitudes of the changes would not be clinically noticeable.Silance treatment fo the procelain teeth in thick upper dentures resulted in breakage of theposterior teeth in almost all instances. posterior teeth also freactured in thick upper dentures containing 40 and 50% of the silance-treated glass even though the teeth were not treatedwith silance.Mixing and molding properties of the composite materials, while acceptabgle, were slightly inferior to thematerial containing ono glass. Finiching characteristics were definitelyinferior in that it was more difficult and time-consuming to attain the fial surfaces and these surfaces were not as smooth as smooth as those in dentures without glass.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050407
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Particle fragmentation generated in pump sets (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 411-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050411
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Perm-selective dialysis membranes. I. Films based on dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymers (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 415-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: New synthetic polymer membranes prepared from copolymers of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate are reported. Membrane transport characteristics are compared with those of standard cellulose films currently used in hemodialysis. The membranes are obtained as films by casting solutions of vinyl copolymers prepared by emulsion polymerization techniques. The new membranes show selectivity towards certain blood components under the test conditions used. The clinical procedure for ethylene oxide sterilization has been adapted to give chemical modification of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate tertiary amine groups. With acrylonitrile as comonomer, polymer membranes which are both watersensitive and insoluble are obtained. The permeability of such films is controlled by varying processing time. Infrared spectra of processed and unprocessed films are discussed and reasons put forward for the change in membrane properties brought about by processing. Membrane behavior when acrylonitrile is replaced by methacrylonitrile or methyl methacrylate indicates the probable necessity of having a strongly electron-attracting comonomer for successful modification.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050502
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The pressure dependence of the elastic constants of dental amalgamContribution #40: This investigation was supported by U.S.P.H.S. Training Grant No. 5TI-DE-0117-07 and Research Grant No. 5POI-DE-2336-03 from the National Institute of Dental Research, N. I. H., and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Rensselaer's Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center. (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 489-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The pressure dependence of the elastic constants of dental amalgam has been examined in the 0-50 kilobar range using a solid media, pressure apparatus coupled with an ultrasonic interferometer. Computer analysis of the measured longitudinal and shear ultrasonic wave velocities yields the pressure dependence of the bulk, shear and Young's moduli and Poisson's ratio. Samples were prepared with varying compositions from micro-cut and spherical dental alloys. The elastic behavior of these samples can be directly related to the sample structure and composition as well as to the manipulation during preparation. In addition, an estimate can be made of the volume concentration of porosity.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050505
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A composite model of the elastic behavior of dental amalgamContribution #42: This investigation was supported by U.S.P.H.S. Training Grant No. 5TI-DE-0117-07 and Research Grant No. 5POI-DE-2336-03 from the National Institute of Dental Research, N.I.H., and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Rensselaer's Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center. (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 515-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A model describing the elastic behavior of dental amalgam as a composite material has been developed using elastic theory for quasi-homogeneous, quasi-isotropic systems. The elastic constants of the composite amalgam can be computed using Voigt-Reuss and Hashin-Shtrikman methods if the relative volume fractions and the elastic constants of the constituent phases are known. This model also relates the elastic behavior of the amalgam to manipulation during preparation. The elastic constants of several spherical and cut amalgams, as well as the constituent γ, γ1, and γ2 alloys, have been measured in the 0-50 kilobar range using a solid media pressure apparatus and an ultrasonic interferometer. High pressure studies are necessary so that the effects of porosity can be assessed. Calculations based on this model include the effects of porosity as well as the Hg content.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050507
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bone formation and the response of bone to implant insertion (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 21-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: This basic introductory discussion has sought to outline the embryology and development of bone and has stressed both its function and structure. I have, also, outlined the sequence of fracture healing and discussed some of the problems of implant acceptance in the musculoskeletal system. With this information, I hope you as basic scientists will be able to better understand some of the problems our patients pose with respect to implant design and function. It should be reiterated that many men have contributed to this very vital and important field of Orthopedic Surgery. Moreover, I would like to stress that not withstanding the complications previously discussed, the availability of biologic and metallic implants has contributed immensely to the high level of patient care we know today; and they have a very important role in the future improvement of our ability to care for our patients.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050606
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Bonding mechanisms at the interface of ceramic prosthetic materials (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 117-141 
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    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The development of a bone-bonding calcia-phosposilicate glass-ceramic is discussed. A theoretical model to explain the interfacial bonding is based upon in-vitro studies of glass-ceramic solubility in interfacial hydroxyapatite crystallization mechanisms, compared with in-vivo rat femur implant histology and ultrastructure results.
    Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050611
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Application of porous ceramics for the attachment of load bearing internal orthopedic applications (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 161-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Zusätzliches Material: 38 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050613
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Compatibility of porous ceramics with soft tissue; application to tracheal prostheses (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 269-279 
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    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The trachea is a rather simple structure, and partly because of this simplicity, many attempts have been made to effect replacement with various types of prosthetic tubes. Unfortunately, the basic design of the trachea is not easily duplicated, and thus far there is no completely satisfactory prosthetic replacement. A series of porous and non-porous ceramics implanted in muscle tissue of rabbits indicated that rigid, porous materials can be compatible with soft, viable tissue. A prosthesis of porous ceramic rings and alternate bands of Dacron mesh was constructed and employed to bridge 6-cm defects created in the tracheas of mongrel dogs. After 6 months an asymptomatic animal was sacrificed. Firm fixation was accomplished and the lumen was completely patent, but histological sections demonstrated that ingrowth and scarring did not satisfactorily contain bacterial infection. Encouragement of epithelial regeneration or some artificial barrier is necessary for successful implants. Work in progress includes devices using both methods to provide this barrier.
    Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050616
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050101
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Membrane characteristics, permeability parameters, and frictional coefficients for cuprophaneSupported by Contract PH 43-66-493 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases. (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 3-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The transport of aqueous urea, glucose, and sucrose through the cellulose membrane, Curophane, is described in terms of permeation and frictional coefficients. As for other cellulose materials, hydraulic flow for Cuprophane is predominantly of a capillary nature. While Cuprophane is relatively selective, reflecting more of these solutes than most other cellulose membranes, the observed flow rates through this very thin membrane are quite high. These permeation properties for Cuprophane are accommodated by the frictional description of membrane transport. The data are discussed and compared with other available data on related cellulose systems.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050102
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The use of hydron in resection of the liver (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 17-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The factor which plays the most important part in surgery of the liver is the liver suture. The considerable tenderness of the hepatic parenchyma causes the sutures to cut through easily, which leads to further complications. Therefore, in their experimental work carried out in rabbits, the authors used Hydron (USA trade-mark) foils reinforced with polyester netting to serve as bolsters for anchoring the sutures, and to prevent them from cutting through the parenchyma of the operated gland. In addition, the spongy Hydron was tried out to aid the peritonealization process of the resection-wound surface of the liver.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050103
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Complexes of heparin with elastomeric positive polyelectrolytes (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 83-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A new elastomeric heparin complex containing from 7 to 16% of heparin was synthesized from commercially available polyether diisocyanates. Chemical analysis and solubility measurements of intermediates as well of the final product showed beyond doubt that an ionic bond was formed between heparin and the quaternized polyether polyurethane. The solubility of the heparin complex in specific solvents systems permitted to cast films or form coatings on commercial plastics. The films and the coatings were found to be non-thrombogenic and whole human blood could be stored in 1/8 or 3/16″ID coated tubing for at least 24 hr without occurence of clotting. The values of tensile strength, elongation at break and of the shear modulus as a function of temperature showed that the heparinized complexes were endowed with desirable mechanical properties under ambient conditions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050210
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Medical and dental applications of cements (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 189-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A number of cements based upon polymeric systems are being utilized in both medical and dental fields. The polymethyl methacrylate rapid polymerizing monomerpolymer materials have undergone extensive development as dental materials and are used widely also for rentention of orthopedic prostheses. The cyanocrylates and the newly developed zinc polycarboxylate cements are being used for a variety of dental applications. These latter materials display adhesion to soft tissue and calcified tissue, respectively, and the investigation of adhesion to these substrates compared with the mechanical retention of the methacrylate materials is of considerable interest.The polycarboxylate cements have unusual properties including minimal tissue irritation and relatively high strength. The ability to vary their formulation and manipulative properties has permitted their trial in a variety of clinical applications including cementation of stainless steel orthodontic brackets to teeth.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050218
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quartz and graphite filament reinforced polymer composites for orthopedic surgical application (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 225-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Materials conventionally used for orthopedic surgical implants are primarily metallic alloys such as stainless steel 316L, Cr-Co-Mo alloys and recently titanium and Ti-6A1-4V alloy. Modulus of elasticity of these (E = 15 to 30 × 106 psi) is an order of magnitude higher than that of bone (approximately 3 × 106 psi). Quartz filament reinforced composites were formulated with E = 6 × 106 psi and flexural stress at rupture (modulus of rupture) of approximately 200,000 psi. Similarly graphite filament reinforced epoxy composites were formulated with E = 16 × 106 psi and flexural stress at rupture (modulus of rupture) of approximately 200,000 psi. Specimens of these materials were implanted in white rats subcutaneously. At sacrifice 90 days after implantation there was no evidence of any inflammatory process, although the implants were completely encapsulated. (Similar in vivo compatibility tests in rabbit muscle tissue are currently in progress.) No significant changes in mechanical properties could be measured in the implants after the 90-day period of implantation. By adjusting the volume fraction of fibers in a given composite, the modulus of elasticity can be adjusted (with concomittant variations in strength) to meet the biomechanical and dynamic requirements of the appliance. A continuing program to investigate other biocompatible resins and other reinforcement is planned.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050220
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hard methacrylic polymers. II. Copolymers of methyl methacrylate and 2,2-di (4-methacryloxyphenyl) propane (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 183-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Copolymers of methyl methacrylate and 2,2-di(4-methacryloxyphenyl) propane, which are suitable for crown and bridge works and artificial bones, were studied. The physical properties of the copolymer, hardness, abrasion resistance, compressive strength, and resistance against water sorption, etc. were improved by copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with the titled co-monomer.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050306
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Lytic effects of plastic surfaces on erythrocytes (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 5 (1971), S. 207-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Twenty-one commercial plastics were exposed to 10% red blood cell suspension in buffered saline and their hemolytic effect was determined. The depression in surface tension of physiological saline solution exposed to the plastic surfaces was recorded and brought into relationship with their hemolytic behavior. It has been shown that both effects occur simultaneously. It is proposed to use the depression in surface tension of saline exposed to prospective plastic applicants as a bloodcindependent screening test for evaluation of plastics which are intended to be exposed to a cardiovascular environment.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820050308
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