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  • 36.40  (55)
  • Calcinosis
  • Springer  (56)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Springer Nature
  • 1990-1994  (56)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1993  (56)
  • 1968
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  • Springer  (56)
  • American Meteorological Society
  • Springer Nature
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of C60/C70 ratios in fullerene mixtures and film characterization by scanning tunneling microscopy (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 197-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 36.40 ; 61.1.P ; 68.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Fullerene powder mixtures with different C60/C70 ratios have been analyzed by a variety of techniques, and results have been compared. The fullerence mixtures have been characterized as solutions in n-hexane by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-VIS spectroscopy. Thin films of fullerenes on Au(111) have been prepared from the mixtures by sublimation. The sublimation process has been studied by simultaneous thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses. Thin fullerene films on Au(111) have been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The STM images show primarily two types of ballshaped molecules arranged in a lattice with hexagonal symmetry (fcc(111) face, nearest neighbour distance: 1 nm). The two species differ in diameter. STM images of films made of mixtures of different C60/C70 ratios show that C70 molecules display a larger apparent diameter (0.8 nm) and corrugation than C60 molecules (0.7 nm). The C60/C70 ratios obtained by counting the corresponding molecular species in the STM images of the thin films are compared to the C60/C70 ratios determined by HPLC on hexane solutions of the mixtures. The observed differences might be explained by different rates of sublimation for the two species. The STM images reveal film defects (vacancies and boundaries) and dynamic processes (displacement of C70 molecules and vacancies). In films prepared to have a C60 coverage of less than one monolayer, stable structural units of the C60(111) surface consisting of three or seven C60 molecules are revealed by STM. Occasionally, substructure within individual fullerene molecules is observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00539474
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microliths in normal salivary glands of cat investigated by light and electron microscopy (1993)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 272 (1993), S. 321-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Calcification ; Calcinosis ; Calculi ; Microliths ; Salivary gland calculi ; Salivary glands ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This investigation concerns the natural history of microlith in the salivary glands of cat. Microliths were detected in more sublingual than submandibular glands and were almost absent in the parotid. They were found intraparenchymally, intraluminally and interstitially, and ultrastructurally in phagosomes of acinar, ductal and myoepithelial cells, intermixed with the cytoplasm of degenerate acinar cells, and in intraparenchymal macrophages and a multinuclear giant cell. They appear to form in healthy acinar cells during autophagocytosis, and possibly to be discharged luminally, laterally or basally, and to form in the debris of degenerate cells intraparenchymally and intraluminally. They appear to be removed by expulsion in the saliva, scavenging macrophages, and possible eventual degradation in the parenchymal phagosomes. The greater occurrence of microliths in the sublingual gland may relate to a low level of secretory activity, and the near absence of microliths in the parotid to a low level of calcium. The feline salivary glands were found to be an outstanding model for the investigation of microlithiasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302737
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excitation and decay processes in helium clusters studied by fluorescence spectroscopy (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 175-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 36.40 ; 67.90+Z ; 71.90+Q
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Excitation and decay processes of helium clusters are investigated with fluorescence methods. The results differ remarkably from that obtained for the heavier rare gas clusters. They are discussed in view of the unusual structural and electronic properties of helium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01429135
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symmetry substructures for MQ-NMR of [A]20 spin clusters of dodecahedranes, [13CH]20 or [13CD]20, metallic M @M20 and [H2O]+ @[H2O]20 exo-cage cluster molecules and their higher-n SO(3) ×l n spin algebras, within the context of mapping,l n -ITP algebras and number partitions (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 25 (1993), S. 275-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 76.60 ; 03.65.F ; 36.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract For both highern andI i ≧1 spin clusters, combinatorics provides powerful arguments with which to investigate the substructural forms of cluster spin algebras; this is especially so for SO(3) ×l n symmetries for 12≦n≦60 wherex (.) [λ] character tabulations become extensive. Bijective enumerative mappings over the combinatorialp-tuples (number partitions) afford insight into the general functionf(p,n) as well as into {|IM(I 1−I n [λ]〉} M -structure of spin algebras, even where the full details of the explicitx () [λ] (l n ) characters are not readily available. Both simply-reducible and higher aspects ofl n -inner tensor product (ITP) algebras are derived from dimensionality considerations, as part of combinatorial hooklength formalisms for $$\chi _{(1^n )}^{[\lambda ]} $$ . TheI i ≦3/2 forms of [A] n clusters forn≦20, (forp≦3, 4) of multiple-quantum NMR (MQ-NMR) are considered here as part of current interest in giant cage-clusters. In addition, the SU2 substructural hierarchy over Liouville space is derived for [A]20(l n ) (I i =1/2) spin cluster of the cage-cluster molecule dodecahedrane; aspects ofI i =1 spin cluster over {|IM (...)〉} space are derived as high temperature model of the exo-cage of [H2O]+ @[H2O]20 cluster ion; 20-fold higher-I i lusters provide models for M @M20 metal-clusters and further applications ofl 20-number partitions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01426891
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural transitions and melting of copper clusters (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 255-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 36.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Molecular dynamics is used to study the melting and structural transitions of small copper clusters. The melting temperature is found to be proportional to the average coordination number. Small icosahedral clusters melt at slightly higher temperatures than the cubic structures. Small cuboctahedral clusters are not stable but transform via a nondiffusive transition to icosahedral structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01429161
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear shell model applied to metallic clusters (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 261-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 36.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We apply the nuclear shell model to jellium clusters of up to twenty-one Na atoms. Binding energies, ionization potentials, and photoabsorption cross sections are calculated and compared with mean-field results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01429163
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The evolution of electronic structure in AlnCom (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 322-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 36.40 ; 33.80.E
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The ionization potentials of AlnCom clusters (n〉m) have been bracketed using laser photoionization mass spectrometry. We find the electronic shell structure manifested in the ionization potentials of Aln for n≥7 is observed also for AlnCo and AlnCo2, and is consistent with cobalt contributing one electron to the conduction band of the cluster. However, with increasing number of cobalt atoms, this simple picture breaks down; all vestiges of aluminum cluster electronic shell structure are absent for m≥4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01429182
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular dynamics studies of homogeneous nucleation in solid-state transitions (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 364-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 36.40 ; 64.60.Qb ; 64.70.Kb ; 82.20.Wt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Simulations of clusters containing 100 to 250 molecules of TeF6 successfully reproduce the crystalline packing arrangements observed in electron diffraction investigations of large molecular clusters (∼ 104 molecules) of the same material. More remarkably, when the clusters are cooled step by step in MD computations at a rate of ca. 1011 K/s they spontaneously undergo the same bcc to monoclinic phase transition that has been observed experimentally in supersonic flow, despite the million-fold difference in the timescales involved. The existence of such a correspondence over so many orders of magnitude, in itself, imposes severe constraints on what type of molecular mechanism can underlie the transformation. Even more revealing evidence about the molecular behavior associated with the phase change is provided by the simulations. They show the formation of the actual transition complexes along the transition pathway, namely, the critical nuclei of the new phase. These nuclei, which are made up of approximately 20 molecules, can be recognized in the midst of the surrounding matter. Techniques based on molecular orientations, involving Pawley-Fuchs projections and orientational angular distribution functions, make it possible to estimate the size of critical nuclei. One noteworthy result established in the simulations is that the solid-state transition temperature from bcc to monoclinic depends upon particle size in the same manner as does the freezing point.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01429196
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excitation and decay processes in helium clusters studied by fluorescence spectroscopy (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 382-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 36.40 ; 67.90+Z ; 71.90+Q
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Excitation and decay processes of helium clusters are investigated with fluorescence methods. The results differ remarkably from that obtained for the heavier rare gas clusters. They are discussed in view of the unusual structural and electronic properties of helium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01429201
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of the fluxes of neutral and positively charged clusters (Agn and Ag n + ; n≤4) produced by argon ion sputtering of silver (1993)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 26 (1993), S. 101-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 79.20N ; 36.40
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The emission of neutral and positively charged silver clusters during sputtering of a polycrystalline silver target by 5 keV Ar+ ion bombardment has been studied and the sputter ejected silver flux has been characterized. As a result, the silver flux is found to be strongly dominated byneutral clusters rather than cluster ions. The contribution of neutral clusters in the overall silver flux decreases rapidly and monotonically with increasing cluster size n and decreases, in addition, with decreasing bombarding energy. The well known alternation of the secondary ion intensities of Ag n + as a function of cluster size (higher intensities for odd n) is found to be correlated with the effective “ionization potentials” of the corresponding sputtered neutral clusters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01425631
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