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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 563-563 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 651-662 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On propse comme une modification de la méthode SCF-MO-LCGO, une méthode qualitative et on traite le naphthaléne comme illustration. Les rèsultats de ce calcul sont en bon accord avec l'experience. On discute les avantages de la mèthode proposée pour les calculs de la chimie quantique.
    Abstract: Eine Modifikation des SCF-MO-LCGO-Verfahrens in Form einer qualitativen ab initio Methode wird angegeben und als testrechnung auf Naphthalin angewendet. Die Ergebnisse stehen im Einklang mit der Erfahrung. In diesem Zusammenhang wird das Verfahre in den allgemeinen Rahmen gestellt und seine Möglichkeiten diskutiert.
    Notes: A modification of the SCF-MO-LCGO method is proposed in the form of a qualitative ab initio method. Naphthalene is treated as a test case; good agreement between calculated and experiemental results is obtained. The capabilities of the method for quantum-chemical calculations are discussed.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 131-139 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An analytical approximation for the hypersurface E (pr-approximation) is given using the two- and three-center-functions pλμ and rμνλ, which is valid for any number N of atoms and is invariant with respect to the number of centers in its analytical structure (rule of construction). This is valid too if N is reduced either by the association of atoms or by transitions to infinity. pλμ can be fixed by two-center-systems. But rμνλ is still free except for the fulfilling of some simple requirements. The rule of construction proposed for E is an example for using so-called analytical computers.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 149-167 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The general formulas which are convenient for cluster analysis of a configuration interaction wave function are presented. These formulas are then used for cluster analysis of the “complete” configuration interaction wave functions of the π-electronic models of benzene and butadiene obtained with a semiempirical method of the Pariser-Parr-Pople type using three different parameterizations. For butadiene the calculations are carried out with Hückel, Hartree-Fock, and Brueckner molecular orbitals. The results clearly indicate that Sinanoǧlu's statement [1, 2], concerning the relative unimportance of the linked parts of the tetraexcited state coefficients in the ci expansion, is justified for these delocalized systems.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 219-224 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some calculations are presented on the hydrogen bond using a perturbation theory approach. Results confirm indications of earlier work that perturbation theory is capable of giving a reasonable description of hydrogen bonded systems.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 297-301 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The expansion of the wave function for the 23S state of the two-electron atom in the neighbourhood of the singularity at r1 = r2 = 0 is considered. The restrictions imposed on the variational functions by this expansion are discussed. For the 23S state of He, Li+, N5+ the behaviour of the variational function based on the Fock expansion in the neighbourhood of this singularity is investigated. The agreement of the variational coefficients with the theoretical coefficients is satisfactory. The calculated values of E and 〈δ(r2)〉 for He, Li+, N5+ are given.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 317-325 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method of calculating the energy of the long-range interaction between atoms and charges is presented. Simplification of the solution of the perturbation equations is achieved by a formal use of the “Double-Perturbation Method”. Numerical results for the energies of the 2pσ state of HeH+2 are obtained.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 445-483 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An earlier analysis of the canonical form of a pair of invertible operators obeying the exchange rule \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ AB = \omega BA $$\end{document} is extended to cover a set of operators, between each pair of which a relation of this type exists; and for which a power of each operator is the unit matrix. Such relations define a system which may be regarded as a generalization of the Dirac matrices of relativistic quantum mechanics. We concentrate upon the group theoretic aspects of such a system and its matrix representations. Applications arise from the fact that all projective representations of finite abelian groups take the form of a Dirac Group. In particular, the representations of the magnetic space groups, which are projective representations of the lattice groups, arise in this manner.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 13-15 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 13
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The π-electronic properties of furan, oxazole, benzofuran, benzoxazole, anthranil, and dibenzofuran are calculated by the semiempirical self-consistent-field molecular orbital method. A single set of parameters is found which satisfactorily reproduces the π → π* electronic transition energies and other π-electronic properties.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 67-71 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Alternatives to the Mulliken method of partitioning the overlap charge density in self-consistent charge molecular-orbital calculations are examined. It is found that more realistic methods may lead to significantly different self-consistent charges, and different ordering of the electronic energy levels.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 621-634 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Generalizing the method of Hirschfelder, Curtiss and Bird for the calculation of the polarizability of molecules, we have calculated both the diagonal and off-diagonal polarizability tensor elements of the nucleotide bases and base pairs. In the course of calculations also the components of the permanent dipole moments have been computed for these systems.On the basis of the results obtained we have determined also the critical field strengths necessary to break off a base pair and thus to induce the unwinding of the DNA double helix. According to the data obtained, a field strength of the order 108 V/cm can induce the unwinding of DNA if its direction lies in the plane of the base pairs.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electronic spectrum of biphenylene has been studied theoretically. The investigation is based on the semi-empirical LCAO SCF MO method with various degrees of approximations. The results have been analysed with regard to the following two factors: (a) The difference in effective electronegativity between the carbon atoms in the four-membered ring and the other carbon atoms in the molecule. (b) The inclusion of doubly excited configurations in the description of the π-electronic molecular states. The theory satisfactorily interprets the excitation energies and the nature of the electronic transitions. The predictions are particularly affected by the inclusion of the doubly excited configurations. On the basis of these results, the empirical parameters used are discussed.
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  • 17
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On présente une discussion de la factorisation de l'équation séculaire à l'aide des constantes du mouvement, et on obtient des formules qui lient les facteurs résultants aux traces de certains opérateurs. Ces traces-ci sont indépendantes de la base de l'espace vectoriel, ce qui implique que les facteurs de l'équation séculaire le sont aussi. Les résultats sont employés aussi au cas de factorisation à l'aide d'un groupe de symétrie fini.
    Abstract: Es wurde eine Diskussion von der Faktorisierung der Säkulargleichung mittels der Bewegungskonstanten gegeben. Formeln wurden hergeleitet, die resultierenden Faktoren mit den Spuren gewisser Operatoren in Verbindung bringt. Die Spuren sind von der Basis des Vektorraums unabhängig und dafür haben auch die Faktoren der Säkulargleichung dieselbe Eigenschaft. Die Resultate wurden auch auf die Faktorisierung mittels einer endlichen Symmetriegruppe angewendet.
    Notes: A discussion of the factorization by constants of the motion of the secular equation is given and formulas are obtained which relate these factors to the traces of certain operators. These traces are independent of the specific basis in the vector space, and, hence, so are the factors of the secular equation. The results are also applied to the case of factoring by a finite symmetry group.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 739-739 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 19
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les coéfficients de Clebsch-Gordan pour le couplage de deux moments cinétiques sont déduits à l'aide des opérateurs de projection, introduits par Löwdin. La déduction est faite en deux étapes; d'abord pour le cas principal k = m et après pour le cas général avec une valeur arbitraire de m. Deux déductions différentes sont décrites pour le cas principal, l'une directe et l'autre basée sur une formule récursive. Le cas général est obtenu du cas principal à l'aide d'un opérateur M-.
    Abstract: Die Clebsch-Gordan-Koeffizienten für die Kopplung zwei Drehimpulsmomente wurden mittels der Löwdinschen Projektionsoperatormethode hergeleitet. Die Herleitung wurde in zwei Stufen ausgeführt, erst für den sogenannten Prinzipalfall k = m und dann für den allgemeinen Fall mit einem willkürlichen Wert von m. Zwei verschiedene Herleitungen wurden für den Prinzipalfall gegeben, von denen die eine direkt ist und die andere auf einer Rekursionsformel gegründet ist. Der allgemeine Fall wurde von dem Prinzipalfall mit einem M--Operator erhalten.
    Notes: The Clebsch-Gordan coefficients for the coupling of two angular momenta are derived by using the projection operator technique, developed by Löwdin. The derivation is done in two steps; first for the so-called principal case, i.e. k = m, then for the general case with an arbitrary m. Two different derivations are given for the principal case, a direct one and one based on a recursion procedure. The general case is obtained from the principal case with a step-down operator.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On déduit une modification d'un principe variationnel dǔ à Delves, qui permet le calcul direct de différences d'énergie entre les états de deux Hamiltoniens Différents: [Δ H] = 〈X0| Hx - Wx |X1〉 - 〈Y0| Hy - Wy|y1〉 + 〈X0| Δ H |Y0〉 · 〈X0| Y0〉-1. Δ H = Hy - Hx, |X0〉 et |Y0〉 sont les fonctions d'onde des états X et Y; les fonctions |X1〉 et |Y1〉 sont définies dans le texte. Le principe résultant est appliqué à quelques cas simples.
    Abstract: Es wird eine Modifizierung eines von Delves herrührenden Variations-prinzips hergeleitet, dei direkte Berechnung von Energiedifferenzen zwischen Zuständen zwei verschiedener Hamiltonoperatoren erlaubt: [Δ H] = 〈X0| Hx - Wx |X1〉 - 〈Y0| Hy - Wy|Y1〉 + 〈X0| Δ H |Y0〉 · 〈X0| Y0〉-1. Δ H = Hy - Hx, |X0〉 und |Y0〉 sind die Wellenfunktionen der X- und Y-Zustände während |X1〉 und | Y1〈 im Text erklärt sind. Das Prinzip wird mit einiger einfachen Beispielen illustriert.
    Notes: A modification of a variation principle due to Delves, is derived which permits the direct calculation of energy differences between states of two different Hamiltonians: [Δ H] = 〈X0| Hx - Wx|X1〉 - 〈Y0|Hy - Wy|y1〉 + 〈X0| Δ H|Y0〉 · 〈X0| Y0〉-1. Δ H = Hy - Hx, |X0〉 and |Y0〉 are the wave functions for the X and Y states and |X1〉 and |Y1〉 are functions defined in the text. The principle is applied to a few simple examples.
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  • 21
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 785-792 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On définie un ensemble de fonctions sans spin, φi(r), i = 1, … f, qui forment des fonctions de base pour une chimie quantique sans spin. Il y a une correspondance biunivoque entre ces fonctions φi(r) et les fonctions antisymmétriques Ψi(r, σ) construites à l'aide des opérateurs de projection de Löwdin.
    Abstract: Es wird ein Satz von spinfreien Funktionen φi(r), i = 1 … f, definiert, die eine Basis für eine spinfreie Quantenchemie bilden. Zwischen diesen Funktionen φi(r) und antisymmetrischen Orts-Spin-Funktionen besteht eine eins-zu-eins Zuordnung, wenn die Spinfunktionen mit Hilfe der Löwdin'schen Projektionsoperator-Methode konstruiert werden.
    Notes: A set of spin-free functions φi(r),i = 1 … f, is obtained which form the basis of spin-free quantum chemistry. The φi(r) show a one-to-one correspondence to antisymmetric space-spin functions Ψi(r, σ) with spin functions constructed according to Löwdin's projector operator method.
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  • 22
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 741-749 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On compare une série de calculs CI pour l'état fondamental de BH3 entre eux et avec le résultat “plein-CI” (196 configurations). Les calculs comprennent deux bases d'orbitales moléculaires différentes - la base canonique SCF et une base simple, choisie d'une façon arbitraire, d'orbitales de symétrie. Comme on pouvaits'y attendre, les excitations simples et à un degré inférieur, les excitations triples sont d'importance minime pour le cas SCF, mais ne peuvent pas ětre négligées pour la base arbitraire. Des qu'on admet toutes les excitations ≦4, il n'y a pratiquement aucune différence entre les deux bases - les deux donnant des énergies très proches de la valeur “plein-CI”. En effet les énergies dans les deux cas sont en bon accord aussi dans le calcul avec des excitations (0 + 1 + 2 + 3) et en accord qualitatif dans le cas (0 + 1 + 2).Deux méthodes sont essayées pour la sélection des configurations importantes aux excitations d'ordres plus hauts. On trouve que des résultats très proches de celui du “plein-CI”, peuvent ětre obtenus avec un nombre de fonctions nettement plus petit. L'application de la méthode des “parties non connexes”, basée sur des idées développées par Sinanoğlu, pour prédire les coefficients des configurations excitées un nombre pair, de ceux des fonctions doublement excitées dans un calcul CI-limité semble plein d'avenir.
    Abstract: Es wurde eine Reihe von CI-Berechnungen für den Grundzustand von BH3 unter ihnen und rnit dem “voll-CI” - Resultat verglichen. Die Vergleiche enthalten Berechnungrn mit zwei verschiedenen Molekülorbitalsätze dem kanonischen scf-Satz und einem einfachen, willkürlich gewählten Symmetrieorbitalsatz. Wie erwartet sind ein und drcifache Anregungen unbedeutend im scf-Falle aber können für den willkürlichen Funktionssatz nicht vernachlässigt werden. Wenn aber alle Anregungen ≦4 cingeschlossen werden, sind die Resultate für den zwei Funktionssäitze so gut wie identisch. Beide geben Energien die sehr nahe an den der “voll-CI”-Methode liegen. Die Energien für die zwei Funktionssätze stimmen in der (0 + 1 + 2 + 3)-Anregungsberechnung wohl und in dcm (0 + 1 + 2)-Fall qualitativ überein.Zwei Methoden werden für die Auswahl der wichtigen Konfigurationen mit Anreg-ungen höher Ordnung getestet und es wird gczcigt, dass Resultatc, die sich sehr nahe an die der “vollen-CI”-Berechnung anschliessen, rnit wesentlich wenigen Funktionen, erhalten werden können. Besonders vielversprechend ist die Anwendung der “unlinked cluster”-Methode, für die Vorhersagung der Koeffizieriten der Konfigurationen mit Anregungen gerader Ordnung, von den der Doppelangeregten Funktionen in einer begrenzten CI-Berechnung.
    Notes: A series of CI calculations for the ground state of BH3 in which various levels of excitation from the ground state are included are compared with each other and with the full-CI(196 configurations) result. The comparisons cover calculations in terms of two different molecular orbital bases - the canonical SCF basis and a simple, arbitrarily chosen, symmetry orbital basis. As expected, single and, to a lesser extent, triple excitations are of little importance in the SCF case but cannot be ignored for the arbitrary basis. However, as soon as all excitations ≦4 are included, there is practically no difference in the results for the two bases, both giving energies quite close to the full-CI value. In fact, the energies for the two bases are in close agreement also in the (0 + 1 + 2 + 3)-excitation calculation and in qualitative agreement in the (0 + 1 + 2) case.Two methods are tested for the selection of the important higher-excitation configurations, and it is found that results very close to full CI can be obtained with substantially fewer functions. Particularly promising is the application of the “unlinked cluster” approach, based on the ideas developed by Sinanoğlu and others, to the prediction of the coefficients of evenly excited configurations from those of the doubly-excited functions in a limited-CI calculation.
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  • 23
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Une formule de Kotani pour le couplage des particules identiques dans un champ ayant une symétrie donnée est déduite avec des méthodes de l'algébre des groupes.
    Abstract: Eine von Kotani gegebene Formel für die Kopplung identischer Teilchen in einem Feld mit gegebener Symmetric, wurde mit gruppen-algebraischen Methoden hergeleitet.
    Notes: A formula of Kotani for the coupling of equivalent particles in a field of a given symmetry is rederived using group algebraic methods.
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  • 24
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 825-843 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: La théorie des orbitales de liaison pour les composés III-V, décrite par Coulson, Rédei et Stocker, est employée pour le calcul des charges atomiques effectives et de l'énergie de liaison par liaison dans le nitride du bore. La théorie a été reformulée pour permettre des calculs ab initio ainsi que des calculs semi-empiriques. Deux choix différents pour les exposants des orbitales atomiques ont été considérés. Dans les deux cas les résultats de la méthode ab initio différent de ceux des calculs antérieurs, en prédisant un déplacement de la charge électronique de l'azote au bore. La grandeur des charges effectives dépend de la façon dont la charge de recouvrement est partagée entre les atomes d'azote et de bore. On examine aussi l'emploi de fonctions de Slater 2s orthogonalisées.Les calculs semi-empiriques ont été faits en incluant explicitement l'énergie de Madelung. On démontre que l'ionicité de la liaison est déterminée par la compétition entre la différence des électronegativités des orbitales et celle des potentiels de Madelung à travers les bouts de la liaison. Malheureusement la théorie semi-empirique faillit parce l'énergie par liaison passe par un maximum à la valeur optimale du paramétre de polarité. On examine et discute les raisons de ce comportement.
    Abstract: Die Theorie der Bindungsorbitalen für III-V-Verbindungen, die vorher von Coulson, Rédei und Stocker beschrieben worden ist, wurde für die Berechnung der effektiven Atomladungen und der Bindungsenergie per Bindung in Bornitrid angewendet. Die Theorie wurde so formuliert dass sowohl ab initio als halbempirische Berechnungen ausgefuhrt werden können. Zwei Sätze von Orbitalexponenten wurde berücksichtigt. In beiden Fallen sind die. Resultate von den der früheren Berechnungen verschieden in der Vorhersagung einer Ladungsverschiebung von dem Stickstoff nach dem Boratome. Die Grösse der effektiven Ladungen variiert mit der Verteilung der Überlappungsladung zwischen dem Stickstoffund dem Boratome. Die Anwendung von orthogonalisierten Slater 2s-Funktionen wurde auch untersucht.Die halbempirischen Berechnungen wurden mit expliziter Einschliessung der Made-lungenergie ausgeführt. Die Ionizität der Bindung ist von der Konkurrenz zwischen der Differenz der Orbitalelektronegativitäten und der Differenz der Madelungpotentiale quer über die Bindung bestimmt. Unglucklichenveise versagt die halbempirische Methode weil die Energie per Bindung durch ein Maximum für den Optimalwert des Polaritäts-parameters geht. Die Ursachen dieses Verhaltens wurden auch untersucht und diskutiert.
    Notes: The bond-orbital theory of III-V compounds, previously described by Coulson, Redei and Stocker, is used to calculate the effective atomic charges and the binding energy per bond in boron nitride. The theory is reformulated in a manner which is convenient for performing both ab initio and semiempirical calculations. Two different choices for the atomic-orbital exponents are considered and, in both cases, the results obtained from the ab initio method are at variance with the earlier calculations in predicting an electronic charge displacement from nitrogen to boron. The magnitude of the effective charges is found to vary according to the method of partitioning the overlap charge between the nitrogen and boron atoms. The use of orthogonalized Slater 2s functions is also examined.The semiempirical calculations are performed with an explicit inclusion of the Madelung energy from the outset. The ionicity in the bond is shown to be determined by the competition between the difference in orbital electronegativities and the difference in Madelung potential across the ends of the bond. Unfortunately, the semiempirical theory breaks down because the energy per bond passes through a maximum at the optimum value of the polarity parameter. The reasons for this behaviour are examined and discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 73-78 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An adiabetic theory of spin lattice relaxation is proposed. It is shown that if one takes account of the adiabatic adaptation of the electrons to the motion of the ionic complex the motor of the relaxation is not the crystalline potential modulation but the fluctuation of the effective magnetic field produced by the complex near the paramagnetic system.
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  • 26
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 107-113 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the natural orbital representation and optimizing the exponents in the Slater-type orbital basis, configuration interaction type wave functions for the helium atom are given which combine compactness and high accuracy.
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  • 27
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 141-143 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 28
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 185-194 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polarization is shown to play a non-negligible role in two properties of the ground state of benzene-iodine type complexes: their dipole moment, and the halogen infrared spectrum. These results, compared with preceding results concerning π-π complexes, suggest that the ground-state properties of charge-transfer complexes should not be interpreted exclusively by the usual resonance mode.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 225-230 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The zero-field splitting parameters D, E, and D* are calculated theoretically for four phenyl naphthalenes. Esr measurements show that the theoretical calculations are in good agreement with experiment. Comparison of the theoretical and experimental results gives some insight into the geometry of these molecules in their lowest triplet state.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The quantum theory of the Faraday effect or magnetic rotatory power is set up for diamagnetic molecules and is based upon a variation-perturbation method which, unlike the usual Dirac perturbation theory, needs only the knowledge of the wave function ψ0(0) of the ground state of the non-perturbed molecule. The principle of this theory includes in the expression of the perturbed wave function, vectors which characterize the contribution of the different fields of perturbation. The quantities which descríbe the Faraday effect, obtained from the calculation of the electric and magnetic macroscopic dipole moments, are expressed from ψ0(0) and the vectors precedently introduced. They are determined by a variation calculus.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 503-511 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ground state wave-function of a two electrons atom may be represented to any accuracy by a 1S projected Slater determinant built on hypercomplex spin-orbitals.
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  • 32
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 535-535 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 33
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 553-568 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Single-exponential functions of the forms 1s̄ = 1s, 2s̄ = N1(2s + b1s + a3s), 2p̄ = N2(2p + c3p) are introduced as an alternative to the Slater orbitals 1s, 2s, 2p for the atoms of the first period. The orbitals are intended for molecular calculations and the parameters a and c should be chosen in order to make the basis consistent with a given preliminary description of the molecule: see Part I, G. Del Re, Intern. J. Quantum Chem. 1, 293 (1967), but, first of all, a study of their behavior in atomic systems is necessary. Therefore orbital exponents and total atomic energies are determined by optimization: the promotion coefficients a and c are zero for best-atoms and the functions become strictly hydrogen-like orbitals. Comparisons are allowed with Slater's, Roothaan's, Ransil's and SCF orbitals.Given promoted 2s̄ and 2p̄ orbitals on carbon atoms in a carbon-carbon sigma bond, we fix the coefficient a and c in order to obtain one center sp orbitals orthogonal to one another. These are discussed, mapped and compared with the two center hybrids obtained by the Löwdin orthogonalization.
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    Notes: Procedures are presented which are expected to produce good numerical lower bounds to eigenvalues for Hamiltonians having continuous spectra. Further, it is observed how these lower bounds can be utilized in other estimation methods.
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    Notes: A general formalism is presented for the determination of the optimum natural orbitals within the various strongly orthogonal geminals of a wavefunction describing a 2N-electron closed-shell molecule or atom. The relationship to Hartree-Fock-Roothaan theory is established; the algorithm that is developed is quadratically convergent to the desired result, and does not ignore off diagonal Lagrangian multipliers, or require an infinite series of 2 × 2 orthogonal transformations of the original basis.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 711-722 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The generalized algebraic eigenvalue problem (A - λB)x = 0 arises in the use of the variation method in quantum mechanics. If, within the limitations of the computer word-length, the basis set used to expand the trial wave function is linearly dependent, the matrix B becomes singular. Three different algorithms designed to deal with this difficulty have been investigated, paying special attention to the problem of identifying which members of the basis set are effectively linearly dependent. The advantages and limitations of each method are discussed.
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    Notes: Using the Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation formalism, expressions are obtained for the nth order energy and the nth order wave function. No restrictions are placed on the degeneracy of the state or the order of perturbation in which the degeneracies are resolved. By the use of suitable operators, the formulae are expressed in compact form.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 823-849 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The long range intermolecular forces in terms of the interaction energies between two conjugated molecules are computed and discussed for the cases: (a) a point charge and ethylene, (b) two ethylene molecules, (c) two hexatriene molecules, (d) two benzene molecules, (e) two naphthalene molecules, and (f) two polar merocyanine molecules. The calculations are based on Buckingham's theory of long range intermolecular forces and the author's values for multipole moments and polarizabilities presented previously. The advantage of the treatment is: asymmetric molecules are correctly described and the intermolecular potential is better approximated than by the usual dipole approximation.
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  • 39
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 40
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 341-347 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On présente une démonstration inductive du théorème de Löwdin concernantl'indépend-ance liréaire d'un set convenablement sélectionné de fonctions propres de spin projetées.
    Abstract: Es wird ein induktiver Beweis für Löwdins Theorem über die lineare Unabhängigkeit und Vollständigkeit eines richtig gewählten Satzes von Spineigenfunktionen gegeben.
    Notes: An inductive proof is given of Löwdin's theorem about the linear independence and completeness of a properly selected set of projected spin eigenfunctions.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 333-339 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Une méthode qui converge rapidement pour l'état fondamental de l'atome de hélium, a été appliquée aux états excités S. Cette méthode est basée sur un développement de la fonction d'onde en puissances de \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}, In (r12 + r22), \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ w = r_{12} /\sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}. Des charges nucléaires effectives différentes ont été employées pour les deux électrons. Des résultats très satisfaisants ont été obtenus pour les valeurs moyennes de plusieurs opérateurs.
    Abstract: Eine Methode, die sehr schnell für den Grundzustand des Helium-atoms konvergiert, wurde zu den angeregten S-Zuständen ausgedehnt. Diese Methode ist auf eine Entwicklung der Wellenfunktion in Potenzen von \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}, In (r12 + r22), \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ w = r_{12} /\sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document} basiert. Verschiedene effektive Kernladungen wurden für die zwei Elektronen benützt. Sehr befriedigende Resultate wurden für die Erwartungswerteverschiedener Operatoren erhalten.
    Notes: A rapidly convergent method, which has previously been applied to the ground state of the helium atom, has been extended to excited S states. This method is based on an expansion of the wave function in powers of \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}, ln (r12 + r22), \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ w = r_{12} /\sqrt {r_1^2 + r_2^2} $\end{document}. Different effective nuclear charges are used for the inner and the outer electrons. Very satisfactory results are obtained for expectation values of various operators.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 405-411 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les atomes et ions dans les configurations électroniques 1s22s22pN (N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) ont été examinés N orbitales radiales de type hydrogenoïde ont été utilisées pour les électrons 2p. Les énergies de la couche des électrons 2p obtenues sont comparées avec ceux de la méthode ordinaire et avec les résultats expérimentaux. Les rapports des intervalles entre les termes sont aussi considérés.
    Abstract: Die Atomen und Ionen in den Elektronenkonfigurationen 1s22s22pN (N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) werden untersucht. N wasserstoffähnlichen Radialwellenfunktionen warden für die 2p-Elektronen gebraucht. Die berechneten Energien des 2p-Elektronenschales werden mit den der gewöhnlichen Rechenverfahren und auch mit experimentellen Werten verglichen. Die Termdifferenzquotienten werden auch betrachtet.
    Notes: The atoms and ions in the electronic configurations 1s22s22pN (N = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) are examined. N hydrogen-like radial orbitals for 2p electrons were used. The calculated energies of the 2p shell are compared with those of the ordinary method and with experimental results. The intermultiplet separation ratios are considered as well.
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  • 43
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 44
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: En mécanique quantique des systèmes à plusieurs particules il est très important de distinguer entre états à couches complètes et états à couches incomplètes, cela en particulier si l'on s'intéresse au problème de la corrélation. Les définitions habituelles permettent une telle classification seulement dans le cas des états pour lesquels une description par un modèle à particules indépendantes est acceptable. On propose ici une classification dans le cadre d'une mécanique quantique rigoureuse, indépendante d'un modèle quelconque. On établit une distinction entres états à couches complètes et plusieurs sortes d'états à couches incomplètes. On formule des conditions suffisantes, permettant de reconnaǐtre des états à couches complètes, en fonction des invariants unitaires des matrices-densité à une particule.
    Abstract: In der Quantentheorie der Mehrteilchensysteme ist es wichtig-insbesondere im Hinblick auf das Korrelationsproblem-zwischen Zuständen mit offenen und solchen mit abgeschlossenen Schalen zu unterscheiden. Die üblichen Definition für diese beiden Arten von Zuständen sind aber nur für solche Zustände sinnvoll, die sich durch ein Modell der unabhängigen Teilchen beschreiben lassen. Hier werden dagegen im Rahmen einer strengen quantenmechanischen Beschreibung Definitionen angegeben, die unabhängig von irgendwelchen Modellvorstellungen sind. Man kann zwischen “Zuständen mit abgeschlossenen Schalen” und verschiedenen Typen von “Zuständen mit offenen Schalen” unterscheiden. Hinreichende Kriterien, ausdrückbar durch unitäre Invarianten der Einteilchendichtematrix, für “Zustände mit abgeschlossenen Schalen” werden angegeben.
    Notes: The distinction between open- and closed-shell states is quite important in few-particle quantum mechanics-especially in view of the correlation problem. The current definitions of such states and of shells in general are, however, only meaningful if one can assume that the independent particle model is a valid description of the state under consideration. Definitions are given in terms of rigorous quantum-mechanical concepts which allow a classification of states irrespective of any model assumptions. Closed-shell states and different types of open-shell states are distinguished. Sufficient criteria for a state to be a closed-shell state are derived in terms of unitary invariants of the one-particle density matrix of this state.
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    Description / Table of Contents: Dans le premier article de cette série nous avons développé une classification rigoureuse d'états de type couche complète et incomplète. Dans le présent article nous appliquons cette méthode aux états atomiques, qui peuvent être classifiés dans la limite Z → ∞ des séries isoélectroniques, parce qu'on en connaît la fonction d'onde exacte. Nous donnons des nombres d'occupation de la matrice-densité du premier ordre pour un nombre d'états des atomes de la première ligne dans la limite Z → ∞, et nous classifions les états correspondants.Pour Z fini on peut définir une classification dans le cadre de la théorie des perturbations grâce à un théorème sur la stabilité d'un état à couches complètes en fonction de petites perturbations. Pour les états à couches incomplètes il n'existe en général pas de stabilité correspondante.
    Abstract: Die strengen definitionen der Zustände mit abgeschlossenen und offenen Schalen, die im ersten Artikel dieser Reihe eingeführt worden sind, wurden auf Atomzustände angewendet. Diese können in der Grenze Z → ∞ der isoelektronischen Reihen klassifiziert werden, weil die exakte Wellenfunktion in dieser Grenze bekannt ist. Besetzungszahlen der Einteilchendichtematrix werden für eine Reihe von Zuständen der Atome der ersten Zeile in der Grenze Z → ∞ gegeben und die entsprechenden Zustände werden klassifiziert.Für endliche Z ist eine Klassifikation für Zustände mit abgeschlossenen Schalen möglich im Rahmen einer Störungstheorie, wobei ein Satz über der Stabilität eines Zustands mit abgeschlossenen Schalen mit Rücksicht auf kleine Störungen benützt wird. Für Zustände mit offenen Schalen gibt es im allgemeinen keine solche Stabilität.
    Notes: The system developed in the first paper of this series for the classification of states as open- or closed-shed type is applied to atomic states. These may be classified in the isoelectronic limit (Z → ∞) from knowledge of the true wave function in this limit. One-matrix occupation numbers are tabulated for a number of states of the first-row atoms in the limit Z → ∞ and the states classified.A classification for finite Z is possible in the framework of the Z-dependent perturbation theory by use of a thoerem for the stability of a closed-shed with respect to small perturbations. Such a stability does not hold in general for open-shel states.
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  • 46
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 781-793 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Radiation damping of three atoms in a radiation field is studied for both a linear and closed-chain configuration. One atom of the system is initially excited. Use is made of the Heitler-Ma perturbation procedure up to second order. The discussion is developed in terms of the symmetry of the interactions within the system. The interactions arising from dipole transitions perpendicular to the plane of the closed chain are shown to be similar to the interactions in a two-atom system, and the results are extended to cover larger rings.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 1064-1066 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 49
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 19-29 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A procedure for identifying redundancy in the Cartesian force constant matrix is described, and a prescription is given for generating the entire matrix of second derivatives from the minimal set of information. A proof is supplied which demonstrates that the number of nonredundant rows corresponding to a symmetry unique atom is necessarily less than three if the atom is invariant with respect to a symmetry operation of the point group other than the identity or inversion. Furthermore, only one row is required if the atom lies on a threefold or higher-order rotation axis. An application of the procedure to the evaluation of harmonic force constants by numerical differentiation of gradient vectors is briefly described.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 31-45 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An intermediate neglect of differential overlap (INDO) model for elements of the second transition series is described. Values of exponents for the radial portion of the Slater basis atomic orbitals, the orbital ionization energies, and the beta (or bonding) parameters for these elements are reported. Use of the model to investigate equilibrium geometries, relative energy ordering of geometric isomers, spectroscopic transition energies, energy ordering of state wave functions of different symmetry, trends in dipole moments, and equilibrium stretching frequencies is reported. The results indicate that the INDO method is capable of yielding quality results for species containing atoms of the second transition series.
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  • 51
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 625-645 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The numerical properties of a two-dimensional integral representation [J. Grotendorst and E.O. Steinborn, Phys. Rev. A 38, 3857 (1988)] of the three-center nuclear attraction integral with a special class of exponential-type orbitals (ETO'S), the B functions [E. Filter and E.O. Steinborn, Phys. Rev. A 18, 1 (1978)] are examined. B functions span the space of ETO'S. The commonly occurring ETO'S can be expressed in terms of simple finite sums of B functions. Hence, molecular integrals for other ETO'S, like the more common Slater-type orbitals, may be found as finite linear combinations of integrals with B functions. The main advantage of B functions is the simplicity of their Fourier transform that makes the derivation of relatively simple general formulas for molecular integrals with the Fourier transform method possible. The integrand of the integral representation mentioned above shows sharp peaks causing, in the case of highly asymmetric charge distributions, slow convergence of the quadrature method used by Grotendorst and Steinborn. New quadrature schemes are presented that use quadrature rules based on Möbius transformations. These rules are well suited for the numerical quadrature of functions that possess a sharp peak at or near a single boundary of integration [H.H.H. Homeier and E.O. Steinborn, J. Comput. Phys., 87, 61 (1990)]. Numerical results are presented that illustrate the fact that convergence of the new quadrature schemes is about a factor two faster in case of highly asymmetric charge distributions.
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  • 52
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 681-688 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An orbital transformation that minimizes the sum of the squares of the off-diagonal Hamiltonian elements between the singly excited configurations is described. The resulting single-excitations-adapted molecular orbitals (SEAMOS) are found to be very suitable for the description of electronic excited states. The test calculations on the singlet and triplet excited states of the N2, CO, and H2CO molecules are presented.
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  • 53
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 709-727 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theoretical model based on physical, chemical, and biochemical mechanisms has been presented to evaluate the yields of DNA strand breaks (single and double) as a function of linear energy transfer (LET) or -dE/dx. Energetic heavy charged particles are considered explicitly to provide a general theory for low- as well as for high-LET radiation. There are three main features of the calculation: (a) track structure considerations for the energy deposition pattern, (b) three-dimensional structure of DNA molecules to provide information on the exact location of damage, and (c) a Monte-Carlo scheme to simulate the diffusion processes of water radicals. To avoid the complexities of a cellular medium, an aqueous solution of DNA is considered in the calculation. When the results of the calculations are compared with experimental measurements of the yields of strand breaks in mammalian DNA (exposed in a cellular complex), reasonable agreement is obtained. However, only those experimental data have been compared where there were no enzyme repair processes. The method of calculation has also been extended to study breaks in higher-order structures of DNA molecules such as chromatin. Specific limitations of the present model have been pointed out for making further improvements.
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  • 54
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 767-786 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electronic aspects of the catalytic mechanism of liver alcohol dehydrogenase (LADH) are studied with the help of ab initio analytical gradient SCF MO methods. Three points are considered: (i) role of the catalytic zinc; (ii) geometry and electronic structure of the transition state for the hydride transfer reactions; and (iii) factors affecting the energy gap for the hydride transfer step, namely, substrate binding to zinc, reaction field, and serine 48 effects on the potential energy profile. The coordination sphere of the catalytic zinc has been modeled with an ammonia molecule and two SH- groups; complexes with CH3O-, CH3OH, and CH2O have been studied; a (6, 2, 2, 2, 1/6, 2, 1/3, 2) basis set has been used for Zn++; a (5, 2, 1, 1/3, 2) was used for oxygen, carbon, and sulfur; and a (3, 1) was used for hydrogen atoms. The hydride step was studied with two model systems: pyridinium cation/1,4-dihydropyridine coupled to the CH3O-/CH2O reaction, and cyclopropenyl cation/cyclopropene coupled to the CH3O-/CH2O system. For the latter, the role of Ser48 has been studied at the supermolecule level. The calculation on the hydride transfer step has been done at a 4-31G basis set level. The results obtained shed new light on the sources of catalytic activity of liver alcohol dehydrogenases.
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  • 55
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 839-849 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a treatment of chemisorption that uses the Green matrix of the surface and the admolecule, as well as a cluster calculation of a small surface cluster. Since full HF-SCF-band structures with nonlocal exchange are available now for larger systems for a couple of years, it is possible to treat the substrate surface and the admolecule on equal footing. This offers a natural way to solve the embedding problem. We have applied the formalism to the adsorption of H2 on beryllium and show that in contrast to cluster calculations there appears a binding, which is experimentally verified.
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  • 56
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 211-226 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electronic absorption spectra of 2-, 3-, and 4-vinylpyridines and 1,2-(2,3-dipyridyl), 1,2-(2,4-dipyridyl), 1,2-(3,4-dipyridyl), and 1,2-(4,4-dipyridyl) ethylenes have been investigated in polar and nonpolar solvents. A correlation has been made between the geometry of the molecule and the observed spectrum. Molecular orbital calculations have been carried out using the INDO/S—CI procedure and a limited geometry optimization. The solvent effect at the MO level has been calculated. MO calculations predicted the existence of nπ* transitions that were not observed experimentally. The wave functions of the different CI states were calculated. The experimental transition energy as well as oscillator strength corresponded satisfactorily with the calculated ones. The observed transitions were assigned according to the results of MO calculations.
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  • 57
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 58
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 251-267 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: From the speculations of G. N. Lewis in 1916, [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 38, 762 (1916)], the spectral predictions of R.S. Mulliken [Nature 122, 505 (1928)], and the quantum mechanical treatment by E. Hückel [Z. Phys. 60, 423 (1930)], the three lowest states of molecular oxygen (3Σg-, 1Δg, and 1Σg+) remained spectroscopic elusives until Gerhard and Lisa Herzberg [G. Herzberg, Nature 133, 759 (1934); L. Herzberg and G. Herzberg, Astrophys. J. 105, 353 (1947); G. Herzberg and L. Herzberg, Astrophys. J. 108, 167 (1948)], precisely defined them by observed infared transitions. The excited singlets remained of interest mainly to atmospheric spectroscopists and astrophysicists, and research on these species was scarce. The discovery in 1963 by A.U. Khan and M. Kasha [J. Chem. Phys. 39, 2105 (1963)] of the simple chemical production of singlet molecular oxygens by the aqueous reaction of hydrogen peroxide and hypochlorite released an explosion of research on the neglected species. Fifteen research symposia and research treatises confirm the broad range of chemical activities of singlet oxygen. The extension to biological systems is now proceeding, with surprising evidence of involvement of natural processes, including the action of singlet oxygen in white blood cell phagocytosis.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 371-386 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We propose 10 desirable features or criteria for general purpose methods to be applied to the calculation of a range of spectroscopic properties. We discuss the second-order polarization propagator approximation (SOPPA) in light of these criteria by giving the actual computational expression used as well as a few numerical examples taken from the theory of NMR spectra (magnetic shieldings and spin-spin coupling constants). We demonstrate that SOPPA comes close to fulfilling these criteria.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 423-436 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for analyzing asymmetric top rovibrational bands displaying both blended and resolved features is described. The two-phase computational procedure uses a modified version of the asymmetric rotor-band contour program FASTPLOT to generate a preliminary set of upperstate spectroscopic constants. The parameters are subsequently refined by employing the assigned line-fitting formalism of the ASYROT program using both resolved and blended features. The technique is detailed in a comprehensive analysis of the ν17 band of pyridine. Inclusion of quartic centrifugal distortion constants was found to satisfactorily model a high-resolution (0.004 cm-1) spectrum of this band, yielding a standard deviation of 0.00137 cm-1. The variation in the rotational parameters with vibrational quantum number is examined in terms of possible weak rovibrational perturbations to the ν17 state. An ab initio calculation of the ν17/ν27 Coriolis coupling constant indicates the observed results are consistent with the interaction of these two vibrational states.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 521-521 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 62
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 707-713 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Une surface d'énergie pour la réction intermoleculaire radical d'oxygène ⇌ radical de méthylène a été estimée dans le cadre de la méthode SCF-MO-LC(LCGO) pour une partie importante de la molécule α-Tocophérol (vitamine E). L'énergie totale du radical d'oxygène dépasse celle du radical de méthylene d'environ 49.6 kcal/Mol. La hauteur calculée de la barrière de potentiel entre les deux radicaux tautomères est 54.6 kcal/Mol. Pourla durée de vie du radical d'oxygène le calcul donne 5.3 sec.
    Abstract: An einem wesentlichen Teil des α-Tocopherol-Moleküls (Vitamin E) wird mit der SCF-MO-LC(LCGO)-Methode eine Energiefläche für die intramolekulare Radikalreaktion Sauerstoff-Radikal ⇌ Methylen-Radikal errechnet. Die Gesamtenergie des Sauerstoff-Radikals liegt um 49.6 kcal/Mol höher als die des Methylen-Radikals. Die Höhe des Potentialberges zwischen den beiden tautomeren Radikalformen beträgt 54.6 kcal/Mol. Die Lebensdauer des Sauerstoff-Radikals wurde zu 5.3 sec berechnet.
    Notes: An energy surface for the intramolecular radical reaction oxygen radical ⇌ methylene radical has been estimated on an important part of the α-Tocopherol molecule (Vitamin E), using the SCF-MO-LC(LCGO) method. The total energy of the oxygen radical is greater than that of the methylene radical by about 49.6 kcal/Mol. The height of the potential barrier between the two tautomeric radicals was calculated to be 54.6 kcal/Mol. The calculated life time of the oxygen radical was 5.3 sec.
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On discute une application à la molécule d'hydrogène d'une version de la méthode AMO avec un facteur de “scaling”. On donne de l'information additionelle sur des calculs antérieurs et on discute surtout le comportement asymptotique.
    Abstract: Es wird eine Anwendung einer Version der AMO-Methode mit Koordinatenstreckungsfaktor an das Wasserstoffmolekül diskutiert. Zusätzliche Information über frühere Berechnungen wird gegeben. Vor allem wird das asymptotische Verhalten untersucht.
    Notes: The scaled version of the AMO method as applied to the hydrogen molecule is discussed. Additional information about previous calculations on H2 with similar approximations together with computations on excited states (states corresponding to the next lowest root of the secular equation) are reported. The asymptotic behaviour is particularly investigated.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 933-933 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 1-2 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 66
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Le problème de valeurs propres est formulé dans une méthode de la résolvante, basée sur une fonction de reférence ϕ, et une variable complexe E. Ceci mène à un nombre de concepts fondamentaux tels que la fonction d'onde d'essai, l'équation inhomogène et les valeurs moyennes et “de transition” de l'Hamiltonien, d'où l'on définit une “bracketing function” pour l'énergie. Pour éviter les procédés explicites pour tendre à la limite le problème de valeurs propres est reformulé dans le cadre de la méthode de “partitioning”, ce qui méne à une “forme fermée” de la théorie des perturbations d'ordre infini.Le problkme de valeurs propres est considérablement simplifié si 1′Hamiltonien H posséde une constante du mouvement Λ ou des propríétés de symétrie caractérisées par le groupe G = {g}. On pose alors le probléme d'incorporer ces simplifications dans la mkthode de “partitioning” et dans la théorie des perturbations. Dans les deux cas il existe un ensemble de projecteurs {Qk}, qui entrainent une division de l'espace d'Hilbert en sous-espaces mutuellement exclusifs. On démontre, que dans la méthode de “partitioning”, il suffit de considérer un de ces sous-espaces ä la fois, et les résultats sont ensuite, généralisés ä la théorie des perturbations. II résulte que les développements d'ordre fini ne sont pas uniques; on obtient des régles de commutation qui relient les formes différentes. Les résultats d'ordre infinï sont mis dans une forme qui est propre pour le calcul de bornes inférieures et supérieures des valeurs propres de l'énergie.
    Abstract: Das Eigenwertproblem wurde in der Sprache einer Resolventenmethode formuliert, die auf einer Referenzfunktion ϕ, und einem komplexen Veränderlichen E basiert ist. Dieses führt zu einer Reihe von fundamentalen Begriffen wie die Vergleichswellenfunktion, die inhomogene Gleichung und die Mittel- und “Übergangs”-werte des Hamiltonoperators, welche zu einer “bracketing function” für die Energie führen. Urn explizite Grenzüber-gänge zu vermeiden, wurde dann das Eigenwertproblem in der Sprache der “partitioning”-Methode formuliert, was zu einer geschlossenen Form für die Störungstheorie unendlicher Ordnung führt.Das Eigenwertproblem kann ansehnlich vereinfacht werden, wenn der Hamilton-operator eine Bewegungskonstante Λ oder Symmetrie-eigenschaften, die von der Gruppe G = {g} charakterisiert sind, hat. Die Frage ist nun wie diese Vereinfachungen in der “Partitioning”-Methode und in der Störungstheorie aufgenommen werden können. In beiden Fällen existiert ein Satz von Projektionsoperatoren { Qk}, welche zu einer Spaltung des Hilbertraumes in Unterräume führt. Es wurde gezeigt, dass es in der “Partitioning”-Methode hinreichend ist, einen dieser Unterräume zunächst zu betrachten; die Resultate wurden dann zur Störungstheorie verallgemeinert. Es zeigt sich, dass die Entwicklungen endlicher Ordnung nicht einmalig sind; Kommutatorrelationen, die die verschiedene Formen verbinden, wurden hergeleitet. Die Resultate unendlicher Ordnung wurden in einer Form gegeben, die fur die Berechnung oberer und unterer Grenzen der Energie-eigenwerte geeignet sind.
    Notes: After a brief survey of some basic concepts in the theory of linear spaces, the eigenvalue problem is formulated in the resolvent technique based on the introduction of a reference function ϕ and a complex variable E. This leads to a series of fundamental concepts including the trial wave function, the inhomogeneous equation, and finally the transition and expectation values of the Hamiltonian, of which the former renders a “bracketing function” for the energy. In order to avoid the explicit limiting procedures in this approach, the eigenvalue problem is then reformulated in terms of the partitioning technique which, in turn, leads to a closed form of infinite-order perturbation theory.The eigenvalue problem is greatly simplified if the Hamiltonian H has a constant of motion Λ or has symmetry properties characterized by the group G = {g}, and the question is now how these simplifications can be incorporated into the partitioning technique and into perturbation theory. In both cases, there exists a set of projection operators {Qk} which lead to a splitting of the Hilbert space into subspaces which have virtually nothing to do with each other. It is shown that, in the partitioning technique, it is sufficient to consider one of these subspaces at a time, and the results are then generalized to perturbation theory. It turns out that the finite-order expansions are no longer unique, and the commutation rules connecting the various forms are derived. The infinite-order results are finally presented in such a form that they are later suitable for the evaluation of upper and lower bounds to the energy eigenvalues.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 45-56 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The configuration interaction method has been applied to the H2 and H3 systems. The effect of increasing the size of the atomic Slater-type orbital basis has been studied. A minimization procedure with respect to orbital exponents has been carried out.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 93-105 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rotational projection operator previously introduced [12] serves here to build up an explicit formula for the non-relativistic energy associated with a spin-projected determinant. Corresponding orbitals are used throughout, and interchange of configuration space and Euler angles integrations provides rapidly an energy expression previously obtained either by use of Löwdin's projector (via first- and second-order density matrices (8)) or by mixed space and spin permutation operator (GF method (9)).
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 893-901 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The protonic conductivity in ice crystals is considered within the framework of strong coupling developed earlier by the present authors for semiconductors with narrow bands and strong coupling of electrons with phonons. The generalization for a two-band model is developed. The model used is the one described by Gosar and Pintar, the principal feature of which is the concept of the protonic conduction bands. The analytical expression for the protonic mobility is given. The results of the theory are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 931-943 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An extended method of calculation for two shells of atomic electrons, based upon the use of non-orthogonal radial orbitals, is presented. The rules for going over from the radial integrals of the ordinary method of calculation to the linear combinations of radial integrals of the extended method of calculation are given. The numerical calculations are carried out for the ground states of lithium- and beryllium-like atomic systems.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 1013-1025 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: All-electron SCF-LCAO-MO computations for diazomethane, ketene and allene are presented. The basis functions are contracted Gaussian orbitals. Theoretical results are discussed and related to available experimental data.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 1055-1058 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 1067-1068 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 89-99 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On présente une méthode pour évaluer la contribution du recouvrement des éléments de matrice entre des déterminants de Slater construits à partir de produits de spin-orbitales non-orthogonales. Cette méthode est basée sur une formulation employant les co-facteurs de la matrice. On donne des prescriptions pour le calcul rapide des co-facteurs nécessaires. Cette méthode est très convenable pour l'évaluation des intégrales comportant des opérateurs à un, deux et trois électrons, tels que l'on retrouve dans les calculs des interactions de configurations, des matrices de densité, des fonctions des coordonnées interélectroniques, etc.
    Abstract: Es wird eine Methode für die Berechnung des Überlappungs beitrags der Matrizenelemente zwischen Slaterdeterminanten beschrieben, die von nicht-orthogonalen Spin-orbitalen konstruiert sind. In dieser Methode werden die algebraischen Komplemente der Überlappningsmatrize angewendet. Vorschriften für die schnelle Berechnung der notwendigen Komplemente werden beschrieben. Die Methode ist speziell gut geeignet für die Berechnung solcher Integrale über Ein-, Zwei-, und Drei-Elektronenoperatoren, die man in Konfigurationswechselwirkungsberechnungen, Dichtematrixberechnungen, Berechnungen mit Funtionen von interelektronischen Koordinaten, etc., braucht.
    Notes: A method is presented for evaluating the overlap contribution to matrix elements over Slater determinantal wave functions formed from products of nonorthogonal spin orbitals. The method utilizes the overlap cofactor formulation for matrix elements. Prescriptions are given for rapid computation of the necessary cofactors. The method is particularly well suited to the evaluation of integrals over one-, two-, and three-electron operators, such as are encountered in conventional configuration interaction calculations, density matrix evaluations, calculations using functions of interelectronic coordinates, etc.
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  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 109-128 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L'état fondamental des systèmes atomiques à deux électrons est décrit par des fonctions variationelles “échellonnées” de type \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} et \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} Le “scale factor” k a été introduit pour satisfaire au théorème du viriel. Sauf l'énergie totale, on a calculé les valeurs moyennes de plusieurs opérateurs à un électron. Ces résultats ont été comparés aux ceux obtenus avec d'autres fonctions variationelles.La fonction φαk déjà représente une bonne approximation de la solution Hartree-Fock, tandis qu'avec la fonction φβαk les résultats Hartree-Fock sont pratiquement reproduits.
    Abstract: Variationsfunktionen mit einem Koordinatenstreckungsfaktor k, von der Form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} und \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $$\end{document} werden auf den Grundzustand atomarer Zweielektronensysteme angewendet. Der Faktor k wird eingeführt um dem Virialsatz zu befriedigen.Ausser der Energie werden Mittelwerte von mehreren Einelektronoperatoren berechnet und mit entsprechenden Resultaten für andere Variationsfunktionen verglichen.Die Funktion φαk schon representiert eine gute Annäherung zu der Hartree-Fock-Lösung, während mit der Funktion φβαk die Hartree-Fock-Resultate praktisch reproduziert werden.
    Notes: Scaled variational functions of the form \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \phi _{\alpha k} = e^{ - (Z - 1 + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $\end{document}, where Z is the nuclear charge and α is a parameter, and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \phi _{\beta \alpha k} = e^{ - (\beta + e^{ - \alpha kr})kr} $\end{document}, where both α and β are parameters, are used for the description of the ground state of atomic two-electron systems in the independent particle model. The scale factor k has been introduced in order to satisfy the virial theorem.Apart from the energy, a number of one-electron expectation values have been calculated and the results are compared with those obtained from other variational functions.The function φαk yields already a good approximation to the Hartree-Fock solution whereas with the function φβαk the Hartree-Fock results are practically reproduced.
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  • 77
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Jusqu ici les calculs des orbitales moléculaires des états électroniques des cristaux linéaires mixtes ont été restreints aux systèmes binaires tels que AB, AB2 et A2B2. Dans le présent ouvrage on généralise ces calculs aux cristaux, dont les cellules élementaires contiennent un nombre arbitraire d'atomes différents dans une suite ordonnée quelconque. La formulation de cette théorie généralisée est basée sur la méthode de la résolvante. Bien que cette méthode permette une discussion des propriétés générales des états délocalisés et localisés, on peut aussi déduire des équations générales les cas plus simples, qui sont déjà résolus dans la littérature. De plus la classification des états de Tamm et de Shockley garde sa signification, měme dans le cas où il existe aussi d'autres types d'états. Comme dans les études précédentes les états de chémisorption sont associés à des états de surface; ils ont aussi des propriétés semblables. La méthode de la résolvante est résumée dans l'appendice. On discute le rapport entre cette méthode-ci et la téchnique de partition.
    Abstract: Bis nun sind Molekülorbitalberechnungen für die elektronischen Zustände linearer, gemischter Kristallen zu binären Systemen wie AB, AB2 und A2B2 begrenzt worden. In diesem Aufsatz werden diese Berechnungen zu solchen Kristallen ausgestreckt, deren Elementarzellen eine beliebige Anzahl verschiedener Atomen in eine beliebige, geordnete Fofge enthalten. Die Formulierung dieser verallgemeinerten Theorie ist auf der Resolvent-methode basiert. Obgleich man mit dieser Methode allgemeine Eigenschaften delokalisierter und lokalisierter Zustände diskutieren kann, können auch die einfachen Fälle, die schon in der Literatur gelöst sind, von der allgemeinen Gleichungen hergeleitet werden. Die Klassifikation der Tamm und Shockley Zustände behaltet ihre Bedeutung, eben wenn andere Arten von Zuständen existieren können. Wie in früheren Studien werden die Chemisorptionszustände mit Oberflächenzustände korreliert. Sie haben auch ähnliche Eigenschaften. Die Resolventmethode wird im Appendix zusammengefasst. Ihre Verbindung mit der Partitionsmethode wird gezeigt.
    Notes: Up to now molecular-orbital calculations of the electronic states of linear mixed crystals have been concerned only with binary systems such as AB, AB2, and A2B2. The purpose of the present treatment is to extend this work to crystals whose elementary cells contain any number of different atoms in any ordered sequence. The formulation of this general theory is based on the resolvent method. Although the approach enables the general properties of delocalized and localized states to be discussed, the more simple cases already solved in the literature can still be easily derived from the general equations. Furthermore, the classification of Tamm and Shockley states retains its significance, even when other kinds of states can occur and various transitions between the clear cut cases can exist. As in earlier investigations, the chemisorption states are related to surface states and have similar properties. The resolvent method is summarized in the Appendix and its connection with the partition technique is shown.
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  • 78
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Des méthodes différentes pour le calcul des énergies d'interaction intermoléculaire ont été comparées dans une application a des configurations de type ADN à deux chaines. L'interaction totale a été décomposée en parties différentes pour permettre des combinaisons optimales des méthodes existantes. On propose une méthode nouvelle pour calculer l'interaction de dispersion entre les électrons σ d'une molécule et les électrons π d'une autre. Les résultats ont été condensés dans un grand nombre de tablaux.
    Abstract: Methoden für die Berechnung intermolekulare Wechselwirkungsenergien werden in Anwendungen auf Konfigurationen von DNA-Typ zwischen Basen verglichen. Die Gesamtwechselwirkung wird in solche Teilen zerlegt, die optimale Kombinationen der existierenden Methoden gestatten. Es wird eine neue Methode für die Berechnung der Dispersionswechselwirkung zwischen den σ-Elektronen eines Moleküls und den π-Elektronen eines anderen vorgeschlagen. Die Resultate sind in Tabellen zusammengefasst.
    Notes: Methods for calculating intermolecular interaction energies are evaluated in a specific application to double-stranded DNA-like configurations between bases. The total interaction is decomposed in such a way, that existing methods can be hybridized so that each method can be utilized to its best advantage. In addition, a new method is suggested for the computation of the dispersion interaction between the σ-electron system of one molecule and the π-electron system of the other. Results of various approaches applied to base pairs and double-stranded dimers are summarized and compared in a number of tables.
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  • 79
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 265-279 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On a étudié l'importance des orientations moléculaires pour le transfert d'énergie vibrationelle-translationelle entre des molécules diatomiques. On admet que le potentiel dépend des angles et l'on en calcule la moyenne sur les orientations et les vibrations des molécules. Pour I2—I2 et Cl2—CI2 on trouve que la probabilité moyenne de transition vibrationelle pour une collision colinéaire est surestimée de grands facteurs (1/γ) relatif à ce qu'on obtient en considérant toutes orientations moléculaires possibles. A 3000K, 1/γ = 34.4 pour I2—I2 et 17.6 pour Cl2—Cl2, tandis que pour N2—N2 on trouve 6.8 et pour O2—O2 5.9. On démontre aussi que 1/γ diminue rapidement quand la température augmente. A 20000K, 1/γ ≈ 3 pour I2—I2, Cl2—Cl2, et N2—N2 tandis que 1/γ ≈ 2.5 pour O2—O2. En général 1/γ est très grand pour les températures basses (〈10000K) si les molécules sont grandes et quand les forces d'interaction sont fortes et attractives.
    Abstract: Die Bedeutung molekularer Orientierungen für die Übertragung von Schwingungs-und Translationsenergien zwischen zweiatomigen Molekülen wurde untersucht. Es wurde eine Winkelabhängige Potentialfunktion angenommen. Der Mittelwert über den Orientierungen und Schwingungen der zusammenstossenden Moleküle wurde dann berechnet. Für I2—I2 und Cl2—Cl2 erwies sich dass die berechneten Mittelwerte der Schwingungsübergangswahrscheinlichkeiten für einen kolinearen Stoss mit grossen Faktoren (1/γ) überschätzt ist, im Vergleich zum Fall wenn alle möglichen molekularen Orientierungen betrachtet sind. Bei 3000K, 1/γ = 34.4 für I2—-I2 und 17.6 für Cl2—Cl2, während für N2—N2 1/γ = 6.8 und für O2—O2 1/γ = 5.9. Es wurde auch gezeigt dass 1/γ sehr schnell abnimmt, wenn die Temperature wächst. Bei 20000K, 1/γ ≈ 3 für I2—I2, Cl2—Cl2, und N2—N2 während für O2—O2, 1/γ ≈ 2.5. In allgemeinen ist 1/γ sehr gross bei tiefe Temperaturen (〈10000K) wenn die Moleküle gross sind und wenn starke Attraktionskräfte zwischen ihnen wirken.
    Notes: The importance of molecular orientations for vibrational-translational energy transfers between diatomic molecules has been investigated. An angle-dependent potential function is assumed, and it is averaged over the orientations and vibrations of colliding molecules. For I2—I2 and Cl2—Cl2, it is found that the calculated average vibrational transition probability for a colinear collision is over-estimated by large factors (1/γ) compared to that obtained when all possible molecular orientations are considered. At 3000K, 1/γ = 34.4 for I2—I2 and 17.6 for Cl2—Cl2, while it is 6.8 and 5.9 for N2—N2 and O2—2, respectively. It is also shown that 1/γ decreases rapidly as temperature increases. At 20000K, 1/γ ≈ 3 for I2—I2, Cl2—Cl2, and N2—N2, while it is ≈ 2.5 for O2—O2. In general, when the molecules are large, and when strong attractive forces act between them, 1/γ is very large at low temperatures (〈10000K).
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  • 80
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les procédés développés dans un article antérieur (I) sont appliqués au centre F, dans KCl. Nous espérons de pouvoir donner une base théorique solide à l'application des méthodes de type Hartree-Fock au probléme du centre F, en calculant d'une manière consistante la grandeur et l'effet des approximations faites en général dans les traintements moins complets. One démontre que les approximations d'ions ponctuels et du champ cristallin avec considération partielle des effets d'échange sont des cas spéciaux de nos résultats. Les fonctions d'onde et les énergies sont calculées pas à pas à chaque niveau d'approximation de notre modèle. Les fonctions obtenues par le modéle d'ions ponctuels ne sont pas de bonnes approximations aux fonctions d'onde finales. Nos résultats montrent qu'il est nécessaire de considérer les effets d'échange associés aux deux premières couches de voisins au moins, puisqu'ils sont du même ordre de grandeur que les termes du modéle d'ions ponctuels. On a examiné le recouvrement de la fonction du centre F avec les fonctions ioniques jusqu'aux voisins du sixiéme ordre. L'énergie d'absorption du centre F calculée est 0.1619 Ry ce qu'il faut comparerà l'énergie observée de 0.170 Ry. Les termes de contact de la structure magnétique hyperfine ont été calculés pour les deux premiéres couches d'ions voisins, au moyen de fonctions orthogonalisées approchées, ce qui donne 29.7 Mc/h pour les voisins K+ et 10.9 Mc/h pour les ions C1-. Les valeurs expérimentales correspondantes sont 21.6 et 7.0. En tenant compte de ces différences et des valeurs très basses des énergies monoélectroniques, on conclue qu'il est nécessaire pour le calcul des fonctions d'onde et des niveaux d'énergie absolus plus corrects, des centres F, de considérer les effets de polarisation électronique et ionique sur les états d'ionisation cristallins.
    Abstract: Die Methoden eines vorläufigen Artikels (I) werden auf dasF-Zentrum in KC1 benutzt. Es ist unsere Absicht, die Anwendungen Hartree-Fockscher Methoden aufF-Zentra, auf einer festen theoretischen Grundlage zu setzen. Dies wurde durch eine systematische Berechnung der Grösse und des Effekts der Annäherungen, die in weniger vollständigen Behandlungen gemacht sind, getan. Es wird gezeigt, dass die gewöhnlichen Punkt-Ionen-Näherungen und Kristallfeldnäherungen Spezialfalle unserer Resultate sind. Wir berechnen Wellenfunktionen und Energien für jede der verschiedenen Näherungsstufen, die in unseres Modell möglich ist. Wir finden dass die Funktionen der Punkt-Ionen-Näherung gute Annäherungen der genauen Funktionen nicht sind. Unsere Resultate zeigen dass Austau-scheffekte mit zum mindesten den zwei ersten Nachbarschalen berücksichtigt werden müssen, da sie von derselben Grössenordnung als gewisse Glieder der Punkt-Ionen-Näherung sind. Überlappungen der F-Zentrum-Funktion mit Ionenfunktionen bis zu den sechsten Nachbaren werden betrachtet. Die berechnete Absorptionsenergie des F-Zentrums ist 0.1619 Ry was mit die gemessene Energie 0.1 70 Ry verglichen werden kann. Die magnet-ischen Hyperfeinstrukturkontaktglieder wurden für die zwei ersten Nachbarschalen mit annähernd orthogonalisierten Funktionen berechnet, was 29.7 Mc/h für das K+ Ion und 10.9 Mc/h für das C1- Ion gab. Die gemessenen Werte sind 21.6 und 7.0. Im Hinblick auf diese Unterschiede und die sehr tiefen Werte der Einelektronenenergien wird es geschlossen, dass die Polarisierungseffekte der Elektronen und der Ionen in den Ionisierungs-Zuständen des Kristalls in Betracht gezogen müissen, urn genaue Wellenfunktionen und absolute Energieniveaus des F-Zentrums zu berechnen.
    Notes: We apply the techniques of a previous paper (I) to the F center in KCl. Our purpose is to place the application of Hartree-Fock methods to the F center on a firm theoretical basis by calculating in a consistent manner the magnitude and effect of approximations commonly made in less complete treatments. It is shown that the familiar point-ion approximations and crystal-field approximations with partial consideration of exchange effects are special cases of our results. We compute wave functions and energies step by step for each of the various levels of approximation possible with our model. It is found that the functions resulting from the point-ion model are not good approximations to the final wave functions. Our results show that exchange effects with at least the first two shells of nearest neighbors should be considered since they are of the same order of magnitude as terms in the point-ion model. Overlaps of the F-center function with ion functions out to sixth neighbors are considered. The absorption energy for the F center is calculated to be 0.1619 Ry as compared with the experimentally observed energy of 0.170 Ry. The magnetic hyperfine structure contact terms are calculated for the first two shells of nearest neighbor ions, using approximate orthogonalized functions, and found to be 29.7 Mc/h for the nearest neighbor K+ ions and 10.9 Mc/h for the next nearest neighbor Cl- ions. The experimentally observed values are 21.6 and 7.0, respectively. Given these differences and the excessively low values of the one-electron energies, it is concluded that electronic and ionic polarization effects in the ionized crystal states must be considered to calculate accurate F-center wave functions and absolute energy levels.
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  • 81
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 321-321 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 82
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 281-296 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Les structures éectroniques et les spectres de la 2-chloropurine héterocyclique, non-alternante et de ses analogues ont été calculés par des méthodes MO différentes: HMO, ω-SCF-HMO (ω=1.4 et 0.5), et PPP-SCF-ASMO-CI. Les énergies des états triplets ont été calculé es au moyen de la derniére méthode. On trouve en général, au moins du point de vue “sémi-quantitatif”, des résultats consistants pour les propriétés de 1'état fondamental, en comparant les méthodes différentes. Les états excités des molécules ne sont pas traités en comparant les méthodes différentes. Les états excités des molécules ne sont pas traités d'une maniére satisfaisante par les méthodes HMO et ω-SCF, ce qui était prévu. Cependant la méthode PPP donne un accord excellent entre les énergies de transition π-π* observéeset calculées. II nous semble que la consistance “sémi-quantitative” des propriétés de 1' état fondamental justifie 1'application limitée en biologie moléculaire des méthodes simples comme HMO et ω(=0.5)-SCF.Les résultats sur la géométrie moléculaire, les moments dipolaires, les potentiels d'ionization, la reactivité de la xanthine oxidase et les spectres ont été discutés en tenant comtedes substitutions halogénoides dans la base purique. L'importance de ces résultats-ci pour I'emploi biologique des purines substitutées a été discutée briévement.
    Abstract: Elektronstrukturen und Spektra nicht-alternierendes, heterozyklisches 2-chloropurins und analoger Moleküle wurden mit verschiedenen MO-Methoden: HMO, ω-SCF-HMO (ω =1.4 und 0.5), und PPP-SCF-ASMO-CI, berechnet. Die Energien der Triplettzustäade wurden mit der letzten Methode berechnet. Im allgemeinen findet man für die Eigenschaften des Grundzustands, dass die Resultate der verschiedenen Methoden wenigstens in “semi-quantitativer” Weise übereinstimmend sind. Wiie erwarter werden die angeregten Zustände der Moleküle nicht in befriedigender Weise mit den HMO- and ω-Methoden behandelt. Eine vortreffliche Übereinstimmung zwischen den beobachteten und berechneten π-π*- Übergangsenergien wurde aber in der PPP-Methode erhalten. Im Hinblick auf die “semiquantitative” Übereinstimmung der Eigenschaften des Grundzustands scheint es rechtgefertigt einfache Methoden wei HMO und ω(= 0.5)-SCF für begrenzte Anwendungen in Molekularbiologie zu benutzen.Die Resultate für die molekulare Geometrie, die Dipolmomente, die Ionisierungsspannungen, die Xanthine-Oxidas-Reaktivität und die Spektra wurden im Hinblick auf Halogensubstitutionen in der Purinbasen diskutiert. Die Bedeutung dieser Resultate für die biologische Anwendung substituierter Purine wird kürzlich beschrieben.
    Notes: Electronic structures and spectra of “non-alternant” heterocyclic 2-chloropurine and its analogs have been computed with different MO techniques, namely, HMO, ω-SCF-HMO (ω = 1.4 and 0.5), and PPP semiempirical SCF-ASMO-CI. Triplet-state energies have been calculated by the last method. In general, it is found that at least semiquantitatively consistent results on the ground-state properties of the molecules are obtained from the different MO methods. As expected, excited states of the molecules are not satisfactorily treated by the HMO and σ techniques. However, an excellent agreement between the observed and calculated π-π* transition energies has been obtained with the PPP method. In view of the semiquantitative consistency of the ground-state properties, the use of simple methods such as HMO and ω(=0.5)-SCF techniques is justifiable for limited application to molecular biology.Results on the molecular geometry, dipole moments, ionization potentials, xanthine oxidase reactivity and spectra have been discussed with regard to the halogen substitutions in the purine base. The significance of these results with reference to the biological uses of substituted purines is briefly described.
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  • 83
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 599-605 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: La formule approximative de Preuss pour les surfaces d'énergie des molécules à plusieurs centers fait usage des “associations atomiques” pour le calcul de certaines constantes. Un programme LISP a été développé pour calculer toutes les “associations atomiques” d'une molécule donnée, en tenant compte des dégénérescences de permutation possibles. A titre d'exemple on donne les “associations atomiques” de l'alcool de méthyle. La plus grande molécule étudiée jusqu'ici est l'alcool d'éthyle, done les 289 associations différentes ont été obtenues en 3 minutes, y compris le temps de compilation. Sans tenir compte de la dégénerescence de permutation on aurait dù considérer 21147 “associations atomiques” pour cette molécule-ci, ce qui aurait été impossible à cause limitations de l'ordinateur en question.
    Abstract: Eine von H. Preuss angegebene Näherungsformel für die Energiehyperfläche von mehrzentrigen Molekülen benutzt zur Berechnung der in ihr vorkommenden Konstanten die sogenannten Atomassoziationen des Moleküls. Es wurde ein LISP-Programm ent-wickelt, das die Berechnung sämtlicher verchiedener Atomassoziationen eines Moleküls unter Berücksichtigung eventuell vorhandener Permutationsentartung durchführt. Als Beispiel werden die Atomassoziationen von Methylalkohol angegeben. Das grösste bis jetzt behandelte Molekül ist das Äthylalkohol-Molekü. Seine 289 verschiedenen Atom-assoziationen wurden in 3 min Rechenzeit einschliesslich Kompilationszeit erhalten. Ohne Berücksichtigung der Permutationsentartung hätten fü dieses Molekü 21147 Atom-assoziationen berücksichtigt werden müssen, was die durch Speicherkapazität und Rechengeschwindigkeit gesetzten Grenzen weit überstiegen hätte.
    Notes: Preuss's approximation formula for energy surfaces of multicentered molecules uses the “atomic associations” of the molecule to calculate certain constants. A LISP program was developed which calculates all atomic associations of a given molecule taking into consideration possible permutation degeneracy. As an example the atomic associations of methyl alcohol are listed. The largest molecule under study so far is ethyl alcohol. Its 289 different atomic associations were obtained in 3 min including compilation time. Not using the permutation degeneracy one would have had to consider 21147 atomic associations for this molecule, a task unfeasible from memory space and computing time limitations.
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  • 84
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 761-784 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Des bornes supérieures et inférieures pour les polarisabilités et pour les interactions à longue distance des atomes et des molécules sont déduites en usant des inégalités pour opérateurs.Les formules pour les forces de dispersion et les forces non-additives à trois corps, sont données en termes des S(k) rapportés, par régles de somme, avec des propriétés des systèmes séparés.Quelques approximations déjà connues sont obtenues, mais avec information additionelle sur leur nature, ainsi que plusieurs inégalités nouvelles. Leur intérět est qu'elles donnent des bornes explicites et rigoureuses renfermant des quantités accessibles à partir des données experimentales.
    Abstract: Obere und untere Grenzen für die Polarisierbarkeiten und für die “long-range” Wechselwirkungen zwischen Atomen und Molekülen wurden mittels Operatorungleichungen hergeleitet. Die Formeln für die Dispersionskräfte und die nichtadditiven Dreikörperkräfte sind in den S(k), die durch Summenregeln mit den Eigenschaften der getrennten Systeme in Verbindung stehen, ausgedrückt.Einige schon bekannte Annäherungen wurden erhalten, aber mit zusätzlicher Information über ihre Beschaffenheit. Mehrere neuen Ungleichungen wurden hergeleitet, die explizite und strenge Grenzen geben, welche in solchen Grössen ausgedrückt sind, die aus experimentellen Tatsachen berechnet werden können.
    Notes: Upper and lower bounds to polarizabilities, and long-range interactions of atoms and molecules are derived using operator inequalities.The formulae for the dispersion and the three-body non-additive forces are given in terms of the S(k), related by sum rules to properties of the separated systems.Some known approximations are obtained but with additional information about their nature, as well as several new inequalities. Their interest is that they give explicit and rigorous bounds involving quantities available from experimental data.
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  • 85
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 801-805 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L'approximation d'une combinaison linéaire des orbitales de Slater en termes de fonctions Gaussiennes est un problème d'optimisation multi-paramétrique. On présente des formules pour l'évaluation du gradient de recouvrement dans un espace paramétrique, et une méthode alternative pour l'évaluation du gradient, qui posséde une application générale. Cette technique permet l'évaluation exacte d'une dérivée sans dérivation et programmation de son expression analytique.
    Abstract: Die Entwicklung der Gaussfunktionen einer Linearkombination von Slaterfunktionen ist eine Optimalisierungsproblem von manchen Parametern. Ausdrücke für die Berechnung des Gradients der Überlappungsintegrale in einem Parameterraum werden hier angegeben. Eine andere Methode der Berechnung des Gradients, die allgemeine Anwendbarkeit besitzt, wird auch beschrieben. Diese Technik lässt die exakte Berechnung einer Ableitung zu, ohne seinen analytischen Ausdruck zu derivieren und programmieren.
    Notes: The approximation of a linear combination of Slater-type orbitals in terms of Gaussian functions is a many-parameter optimization problem. Formulas for computation of the gradient of the overlap in parameter space are reported. An alternative method of computing the gradient is described, which is of general applicability. This technique permits the exact evaluation of a derivative, without derivation and programming of its analytic expression.
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  • 86
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2 (1968), S. 857-866 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: L'effet de corrélation pour les systémes atomiques de trois et quatre éléctrons a été considéré en modifiant les potentiels des interactions éléctroniques dans les équations de Hartree-Fock. Les énergies de corrélation obtenues pour Li, Be+, B2+, Li-, Be et B+ différent moins que 25 pour cent des valeurs exacts.
    Abstract: Der Korrelationseffekt für drei und vier Elektronen-Atom-Systeme wurde mit Hilfe der Modifikation der elektronischen Wechselwirkungspotentiale in der Hartree-Fock Gloichnung berücksichtigt. Die Differenzen zwischen den exakten und berechneten Korrelationsenergiewerten für Li, Be+, B2+, Li-, Be und B+ sind niedriger als 25%.
    Notes: The correlation effect for three- and foru-electron atomic systems has been taken into account by modifying the potentials of the electron interactions appearing in the Hartree-Fock equations. The correlation energies obtained for Li, Be+, B2+, Li-, Be and B+ differ by less than 25 percent from the exact values.
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  • 87
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 88
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for the determination of the virtual orbitals for configuration interaction is described. This method is a generalization of the one used by Watson in 1960 for the ground state of the beryllium atom. The important point in the method is to complete the set of functions used successively. As an illustration the method is applied to the ground state of the beryllium atom. The method seems to be efficient.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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  • 89
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 57-66 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Variational upper and lower bounds for the overlap between an approximate and the true wave function are proposed, and it is shown that the error bounds introduced recently by Gordon are special cases of the variational formulas.
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  • 90
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 79-92 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The π-electron distributions, spin densities, and energies of the first triplets of the nucleotide bases, uracil, thymine, cytosine, adenine, and guanine, were investigated in various semiempirical approximations. Results are presented for calculations using the semiempirical form of the closed-shell SCF configuration interaction method, of the different orbitals for different spins (unrestricted Hartree-Fock) treatment, with and without spin projection, and of the Roothaan's open-shell procedure.
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  • 91
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 635-650 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Iterative methods for the calculation of the lowest eigenvalue and the corresponding eigenvector are derived from the partitioned Schrödinger equation in matrix form. While they have a formal similarity to the Brillouin-Wigner perturbation expansion, they converge for a much wider class of matrices. The double iteration methods (DIM and DIMA) lead to a series of upper and lower bounds to the desired lowest eigenvalue in accordance with Löwdin's bracketing theorem and can be used in a strategy which insures convergence to the solution for arbitrarily large perturbations. A much more efficient single iteration method (SIMA) produces the proper solution even for numerically very ill-conditioned matrices (large offdiagonal elements and small separation of the diagonal elements from the lowest). An important feature of the iterative methods is their insensitivity toward roundoff errors which makes them especially suited for very large matrices, where direct diagonalisation, for example by the Jacobi method, is impracticable.
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  • 92
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 699-710 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A generalization of a theorem on off-diagonal hypervirial relations is obtained and is used to demonstrate when to expect exact solutions of eigenvalue problems using the hypervirial method. Links are established between the hypervirial method and other approximation methods. The harmonic oscillator and hydrogen atom problems are given as examples.
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  • 93
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 750-750 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 94
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 1001-1012 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mirror reflection symmetry which consists in the correlation of the substitution j → -j -1 with the reflection of the coordinate system and of m → -m with the reflection of the space with respect to the xy-plane has been applied to the quasi-spin formalism. The phases of the wave functions of the shell of equivalent atomic electrons treated as partially filled, as they relate to those when the same shell is treated as almost filled, have been established. The mirror reflection symmetry has been generalized for the supplementary quantum numbers used for distinguishing the terms of the same kind. The phases of the coefficients of fractional parentage of almost filled shell enabling us to determine them from those of partially filled shell have been specified. Corresponding phase relations for the matrix elements of operators have also been considered.
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  • 95
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 3 (1969), S. 1058-1061 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 96
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 173-181 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An original procedure has been developed to determine the eigenvalues and the eigenfunctions of quantum-mechanical many-body systems with a harmonic oscillator interaction. Exact solutions in the explicit form have been obtained for the case of systems containing three groups of identical particles. For the system containing two groups of identical particles, a solution in the adiabatic approximation has been obtained and compared with the exact one.
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  • 97
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 229-229 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 98
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 233-233 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 99
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 331-344 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 100
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 39 (1991), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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