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  • Organic Chemistry  (580)
  • Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer  (25)
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • Physics
  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984
  • 1960-1964  (605)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1960  (605)
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Keywords
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  • 2005-2009
  • 1980-1984
  • 1960-1964  (605)
  • 1925-1929
Year
  • 1
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    Photographic Evidence of Streamwise Arrays of Vortices in Boundary-Layer Flow (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: Photographs are presented of various models coated with fluorescent oil to show evidence of surface vortices at a Mach number of 3.03. Vortex formation was evidently present on models with forward-facing steps, rearward-facing steps, wires, discrete surface particles, or unswept flat surfaces with sharp leading edges. Some photographs are also presented for the models coated with a sublimation material which clearly indicates the location of boundary-layer transition; however, it does not show the vortices as clearly as the fluorescent oil. The study was made on the models at an angle of attack of 0 deg at unit Reynolds numbers of 7.7 and 10.7 million per foot. The spacing of the vortices as indicated by the flow studies on the unswept model was smaller at the higher Reynolds number in accordance with Gortler's theory. The flow studies also indicated that stable surface vortices produced by either steps or surface roughness persisted over model areas known to have turbulent boundary layers.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-328
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  • 2
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    Effects of Sweep Angle on the Boundary-Layer Stability Characteristics of an Untapered Wing at Low Speeds (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: An investigation was conducted in the Ames 12-Foot Low-Turbulence Pressure Tunnel to determine the effects of sweep on the boundary-layer stability characteristics of an untapered variable-sweep wing having an NACA 64(2)A015 section normal to the leading edge. Pressure distribution and transition were measured on the wing at low speeds at sweep angles of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 deg. and at angles of attack from -3 to 3 deg. The investigation also included flow-visualization studies on the surface at sweep angles from 0 to 50 deg. and total pressure surveys in the boundary layer at a sweep angle of 30 deg. for angles of attack from -12 to 0 deg. It was found that sweep caused premature transition on the wing under certain conditions. This effect resulted from the formation of vortices in the boundary layer when a critical combination of sweep angle, pressure gradient, and stream Reynolds number was attained. A useful parameter in indicating the combined effect of these flow variables on vortex formation and on beginning transition is the crossflow Reynolds number. The critical values of crossflow Reynolds number for vortex formation found in this investigation range from about 135 to 190 and are in good agreement with those reported in previous investigations. The values of crossflow Reynolds number for beginning transitions were found to be between 190 and 260. For each condition (i.e., development of vortices and initiation of transition at a given location) the lower values in the specified ranges were obtained with a light coating of flow-visualization material on the surface. A method is presented for the rapid computation of crossflow Reynolds number on any swept surface for which the pressure distribution is known. From calculations based on this method, it was found that the maximum values of crossflow Reynolds number are attained under conditions of a strong pressure gradient and at a sweep angle of about 50 deg. Due to the primary dependence on pressure gradient, effects of sweep in causing premature transition are generally first encountered on the lower surfaces of wings operating at positive angles of attack.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-338
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  • 3
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    An Experimental Investigation and Correlation of the Heat Reduction to Nonporous Surfaces Behind a Porous Leading Edge Through Which Coolant is Ejected (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: A configuration of a wing segment having constant chord thickness, 0 deg. sweep, a porous steel semicircular leading edge, and solid Inconel surfaces was tested in a Mach number 2.0 ethlyene-heated high-temperature air jet. Measurements were made of the wing surface temperatures at chordwise stations for several rates of helium flow through the porous leading edge. The investigation was conducted at stagnation temperatures ranging from 500 F to 2,400 F, at Reynolds numbers per foot ranging from 0.3 x 10(exp 7) to 1.2 x 10(exp 7), and at angles of attack of 0, +/- 5, and +/- 15 deg. The results indicated that the reduction of wing surface temperatures with respect to their values for no coolant flow, depended on the helium coolant flow rates and the distance behind the area of injection. The results were correlated in terms of the wall cooling parameter and the coolant flow-rate parameter, where the nondimensional flow rate was referenced to the cooled area up to the downstream position. For the same coolant flow rate, lower surface temperatures are achieved with a porous-wall cooling system. However, since flow-rate requirements decrease with increasing allowable surface temperatures, the higher allowable wall temperatures of the solid wall as compared to the structurally weaker porous wall- sharply reduce the flow-rate requirements of a downstream cooling system. Thus, for certain flight conditions it is possible to compensate for the lower efficiency of the downstream or solid-wall cooling system. For example, a downstream cooling system using solid walls that must be maintained at 1,800 F would require less coolant for Mach numbers up to 5.5 than would a porous-wall cooling system for which the walls must be maintained at temperatures less than or equal to 9000 F.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TM-X-235
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  • 4
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    Effect on Gaseous Film Cooling of Coolant Injection Through Angled Slots and Normal Holes (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A study was made to determine the effect of coolant injection angularity on gaseous film-cooling effectiveness. In the correlation of experimental data an effective injection angle was defined by a vector summation of the coolant and mainstream gas flows. The cosine of this angle was used as a parameter to empirically develop a corrective term to qualify a correlating equation presented in Technical Note D-130 that was limited to tangential injection of the coolant. Data were also obtained for coolant injection through rows of holes normal to the test plate. The slot correlating equation was adapted to fit these data by the definition of an effective slot height. An additional corrective term was then determined to correlate these data.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-299 , E-689
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  • 5
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    Measurements of the Time-Averaged and Instantaneous Induced Velocities in the Wake of a Helicopter Rotor Hovering at High Tip Speeds (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Measurements of the time-averaged induced velocities were obtained for rotor tip speeds as great as 1,100 feet per second (tip Mach number of 0.98) and measurements of the instantaneous induced velocities were obtained for rotor tip speeds as great as 900 feet per second. The results indicate that the small effects on the wake with increasing Mach number are primarily due to the changes in rotor-load distribution resulting from changes in Mach number rather than to compressibility effects on the wake itself. No effect of tip Mach number on the instantaneous velocities was observed. Under conditions for which the blade tip was operated at negative pitch angles, an erratic circulatory flow was observed.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-393 , L-836
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  • 6
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    Empirical Equation for Turbulent Forced-Convection Heat Transfer for Prandtl Numbers from 0.001 to 1000 (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A review is made of some of the experimental data and analyses applicable to convective heat transfer in fully turbulent flow in smooth tubes with liquid metals and viscous Newtonian fluids. An empirical equation is evolved that closely approximates heat-transfer values obtained from selected analyses and experimental data for Prandtl numbers from 0.001 to 1000. The terms included in the equation are Reynolds number, Prandtl number, and an empirical diffusivity ratio between heat and momentum.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-483
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  • 7
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    NASA Research on the Hydrodynamics of the Gaseous Vortex Reactor (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The experimental and analytical results to date of a study of a two-component gaseous vortex system are presented in this paper. Analytical expressions for tangential velocity and static-pressure profiles in a turbulent vortex show good agreement with experimental data. Airflow rates from 0.075 to 0.14 pound per second and corresponding tangential velocities from 160 to 440 feet per second are correlated by turbulent Reynolds numbers from 1.95 to 2.4. An analysis of an air-bromine gas mixture in a turbulent vortex indicates that a boundary value of bromine-to-air radial velocity ratio (u(2)/u(1)) of 0.999 gives essentially no bromine buildup, while a value of 0.833 results in considerable separation. For a constant value of (u(2)/u(1))(0) the bromine buildup increases as (1) the tangential velocity increases, (2) the air-to-bromine weight-flow ratio decreases, (3) the airflow rate decreases, (4) the temperature decreases, and (5) the turbulence decreases. Analytical temperature, pressure, and tangential-velocity profiles are also presented. Preliminary experimental results indicate that the flow of an air-bromine mixture through a vortex field results in a bromine density increase to a maximum value; followed by a decrease; the air density exhibits a uniform decrease from the outer vortex radius to the exhaust-nozzle radius.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-288 , E-800 , Nov 16, 1959 - Nov 21, 1959; Washington, DC; United States
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  • 8
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    Mixing Characteristics Downstream of Core Region of High-Temperature Axisymmetric Jets Exhausting Into Transonic and Supersonic Streams (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A series of rocket motors with varying exit to throat area ratios was tested in the 8- by 6-foot wind tunnel to determine the effects of mixing on jet diameter and temperature decay at large distances (x/d 〉 30) from the nozzle exit. An approximate method to account for effects of the initial expansion was evolved. It was determined that the combustion efficiency has an important effect on jet spreading, since the unburned products can burn downstream of the nozzle. The data showed considerable scatter; however, mixing rates were, in general, lower than those observed for subsonic jets. Data for angles of attack of 5 and 10 deg are also presented, giving the respective centerline shift and temperature decay as a function of axial distance.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TM-X-151
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  • 9
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    An Experimental Study of the Ionization of Low-Density Gas Flows by Induced Discharges (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Induced discharges are advantageous for ionizing low-density flows in that they introduce no electrode contamination into the flow and they provide a relatively high degree of ionization with good coupling of power into the gas. In this investigation a 40-megacycle oscillator was used to produce and maintain induced discharges in argon and mercury-vapor flows. Methods for preventing blowout of the discharge were determined, and power measurements were made with an in-line wattmeter. Some results with damped oscillations pulsed at 1,000 pulses per second are also presented.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-431 , L-986
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  • 10
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    An Experimental Investigation of Boundary-Layer Control for Drag Reduction of a Swept-Wing Section at Low Speed and High Reynolds Numbers (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An investigation of laminar boundary-layer control by suction for purposes of drag reduction at low speed and high Reynolds numbers has been conducted in the Ames 12-Foot Pressure Wind Tunnel. The model was a 72.96-inch-chord wing panel, swept back 30 deg., which was installed between end plates to approximate a wing of infinite span. The airfoil section employed was a modified NACA 66-012 in the streamwise direction. Tests were limited to controlling the flow over only the upper surface of the model. Seventeen individually controllable suction chambers were provided below the surface to induce flow through 93 spanwise slots in the surface between the 0.0052- and 0.97-chord stations. Tests were made at angles of attack of 0 deg., +/- 1.0 deg., +/- 1.5 deg., and -2.0 deg. for Reynolds numbers from approximately 1.5 x 10(exp 6) to 4.0 x 10(exp 6) per foot. In general, essentially full-chord laminar flow was obtained for all conditions with small suction quantities. Minimum profile-drag coefficients of about 0.0005 to 0.0006 were obtained for the slotted surface at maximum values of the Reynolds number; these values include the Power required to induce suction as an equivalent drag.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-320
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  • 11
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    Real-Gas Correction Factors for Hypersonic Flow Parameters in Helium (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The real-gas hypersonic flow parameters for helium have been calculated for stagnation temperatures from 0 F to 600 F and stagnation pressures up to 6,000 pounds per square inch absolute. The results of these calculations are presented in the form of simple correction factors which must be applied to the tabulated ideal-gas parameters. It has been shown that the deviations from the ideal-gas law which exist at high pressures may cause a corresponding significant error in the hypersonic flow parameters when calculated as an ideal gas. For example the ratio of the free-stream static to stagnation pressure as calculated from the thermodynamic properties of helium for a stagnation temperature of 80 F and pressure of 4,000 pounds per square inch absolute was found to be approximately 13 percent greater than that determined from the ideal-gas tabulation with a specific heat ratio of 5/3.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-462 , L-1135
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  • 12
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    Experimental Smoke and Electromagnetic Analog Study of Induced Flow Field About a Model Rotor in Steady Flight Within Ground Effect (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Hovering and steady low-speed forward-flight tests were run on a 4-foot-diameter rotor at a ground height of 1 rotor radius. The two blades had a 2 to 1 taper ratio and were mounted in a see-saw hub. The solidity ratio was 0.05. Measurements were made of the rotor rpm, collective pitch, and forward-flight velocity. Smoke was introduced into the tip vortex and the resulting vortex pattern was photographed from two positions. Using the data obtained from these photographs, wire models of the tip vortex configurations were constructed and the distribution of the normal component of induced velocity at the blade feathering axis that is associated with these tip vortex configurations was experimentally determined at 450 increments in azimuth position from this electromagnetic analog. Three steady-state conditions were analyzed. The first was hovering flight; the second, a flight velocity just under the wake "tuck under" speed; and the third, a flight velocity just above this speed. These corresponded to advance ratios of 0, 0.022, and 0.030 (or ratios of forward velocity to calculated hovering induced velocity of approximately 0, 0.48, and 0.65), respectively, for the model test rotor. Cross sections of the wake at 450 intervals in azimuth angle as determined from the path of the tip vortex are presented graphically for all three cases. The nondimensional normal component of the induced velocity that is associated with the tip vortex as determined by an electromagnetic analog at 450 increments in azimuth position and at the blade feathering axis is presented graphically. It is shown that the mean value of this component of the induced velocity is appreciably less after tuck-under than before. It is concluded that this method yields results of engineering accuracy and is a very useful means of studying vortex fields.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-458 , W-143
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  • 13
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    Distribution of Time-Averaged Pressure Fluctuations Along the Boundary of a Round Subsonic Jet (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: A semiempirical analysis of the equation for incompressible fluctuations in a turbulent fluid, using similarity relations for round subsonic jets with uniform exit velocity, is used to predict the shape of the time-averaged fluctuation-pressure distribution along the mean-velocity boundary of jets. The predicted distribution is independent of distance downstream of the nozzle exit along the mixing region, inversely proportional to the distance downstream along the region of mean-velocity self-preservation, and proportional to the inverse square of the distance downstream along the fully developed region. Experimental results were in fair agreement with the theory. However, the measured fluctuation-pressure distributions were found to be very sensitive to changes in jet temperature and jet-nozzle profile, especially near the nozzle. These factors are not included in the theory. Increased jet temperatures produce increased pressure fluctuations and violation of similarity conditions. Nozzle-profile modifications may lead to violation of the uniform-exit-velocity requirement imposed in the theory.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-468 , E-780
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  • 14
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    The Blunt Plate In Hypersonic Flow (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The sonic-wedge characteristics method has been used to obtain the shock shapes and surface pressure distributions on several blunt two-dimensional shapes in a hypersonic stream for several values of the ratio of specific heats. These shapes include the blunt slab at angle of attack and power profiles of the form yb = a)P, where 0 les than m less than 1, Yb and x are coordinates of the body surface, and a is a constant. These numerical results have been compared with the results of blast-wave theory, and methods of predicting the pressure distributions and shock shapes are proposed in each case. The effects of a free-stream conical-flow gradient on the pressure distribution on a blunt slab in hypersonic flow were investigated by the sonic-wedge characteristics method and were found to be sizable in many cases. Procedures which are satisfactory for reducing pressure data obtained in conical flows with small gradients are presented.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-408 , L-897
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  • 15
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    Investigation of the Flow Over Simple Bodies at Mach Numbers of the Order of 20 (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: It is shown that adequate means are available for calculating inviscid direct and induced pressures on simple axisymmetric bodies at zero angle of attack. The extent to which viscous effects can alter these predictions is indicated. It is also shown that inviscid induced pressures can significantly affect the stability of blunt, two-dimensional flat wings at low angles of attack. However, at high angles of attack, the inviscid induced pressure effects are negligible.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-449 , L-1051
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  • 16
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    Variation in Heat Transfer During Transient Heating of a Hemisphere at a Mach Number of 2 (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Convective heat-transfer tests were made on a 5-inch-diameter hemisphere to determine the variation of Stanton number with the ratio of wall temperature to total temperature. The tests were made at a nominal Mach number of 2 for stagnation temperatures of 760 deg R, 1,030 deg R, and 1,380 deg R. The model was constructed so that radiation effects and also streamwise conduction effects within the model skin were minimized. The results of the tests verified that these effects were small. Tests which were made with different masses of air inside the model to check for conduction effects to the internal air cavity showed these effects to be negligible. For laminar flow on the hemisphere, the Stanton number remained essentially constant as the ratio of wall temperature to total temperature increased. However, for fully established turbulent flow, the Stanton number at some stations decreased on the order of 50 percent as the ratio of wall temperature to total temperature increased. A theory which agreed fairly well with the trend of this decrease is shown for comparison.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-399 , L-463
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  • 17
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    Experimental Investigation of Two Low-Drag Supercavitating Hydrofoils at Speeds up to 200 Feet per Second (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An experimental investigation has been made in the Langley highspeed hydrodynamics facility to determine the force and moment characteristics of two hydrofoils (one having an aspect ratio of 1 and the other having an aspect ratio of 3) designed to have improved lift-drag ratios when operating under either supercavitating or ventilated conditions. Measurements were made of lift, drag, and pitching moment over a range of angles of attack from 40 to 200 for depths of submersion varying from 0 to approximately 1 chord. The range of speed for the investigation was from 110 to 200 feet per second. When the upper surface of the hydrofoils was completely unwetted, the experimental values of lift and drag forces were in good agreement with the theoretical values obtained from the zero-cavitation-number theory. The theoretical values for minimum angle of attack for operation with the upper surface of the hydrofoil unwetted define the lower limits of angle of attack for which the experimental values of lift coefficient are either in agreement with or slightly greater than those predicted by theory.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-436 , L-913
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  • 18
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    Preliminary Heat-Transfer Measurements on a Hypersonic Glide Configuration Having 79.5 degree Sweepback and 45 degree Dihedral at a Mach Number of 4.95 (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the heat-transfer characteristics of a hypersonic glide configuration having 79.5 deg of sweepback (measured in the plane of the leading edges) and 45 of dihedral. The tests were conducted at a nominal Mach number of 4.95 and a stagnation temperature of 400 F. The test-section unit Reynolds number was varied from 1.95 x 10(exp 6) to 12.24 x 10(exp 6) per foot. The results indicated that the laminar-flow heat-transfer rate to the lower surface of the model decreased as the distance from the ridge line increased except for thermocouples located near the semispan at an angle of attack of 00 with respect to the plane of the leading edges. The heat-transfer distribution (local heating rate relative to the ridge-line heating rate) was similar to the theoretical heat-transfer distribution for a two-dimensional blunt body, if the ridge line was assumed to be the stagnation line, and could be predicted by this theory provided a modified Newtonian pressure distribution was used. Except in the vicinity of the apex, the ridge-line heat-transfer rate could also be predicted from two-dimensional blunt-body heat-transfer theory provided it was assumed that the stagnation-line heat-transfer rate varied as the cosine of the effective sweep (sine of the angle of attack of the ridge line). The heat-transfer level on the lower surface and the nondimensional heat-transfer distribution around the body on the lower surface were in qualitative agreement with the results of a geometric study of highly swept delta wings with large positive dihedrals made in reference 1.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TM-X-247
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  • 19
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    Flight Measurement of Wall-Pressure Fluctuations and Boundary-Layer Turbulence (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The results are presented for a flight test program using a fighter type jet aircraft flying at pressure altitudes of 10,000, 20,000, and 30,000 feet at Mach numbers from 0.3 to 0.8. Specially designed apparatus was used to measure and record the output of microphones and hot-wire anemometers mounted on the forward-fuselage section and wing of the airplane. Mean-velocity profiles in the boundary layers were obtained from total-pressure measurements. The ratio of the root-mean-square fluctuating wall pressure to the free-stream dynamic pressure is presented as a function of Reynolds number and Mach number. The longitudinal component of the turbulent-velocity fluctuations was measured, and the turbulence-intensity profiles are presented for the wing and forward-fuselage section. In general, the results are in agreement with wind-tunnel measurements which have been-reported in the literature. For example, the variation the square root of p(sup 2)/q times the square root of p(sup 2) is the root mean square of the wall-pressure fluctuation, and q is the free-stream dynamic pressure) with Reynolds number was found to be essentially constant for the forward-fuselage-section boundary layer, while variations at the wing station were probably unduly affected by the microphone diameter (5/8 in.), which was large compared with the boundary-layer thickness.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-280
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  • 20
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    Radiation Shielding of the Stagnation Region by Transpiration of an Opaque Gas (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The laminar compressible boundary layer in the two-dimensional and axisymmetric stagnation regions has been analyzed to show the effects of the injection of a radiation absorbing foreign gas on an incident radiation field, and on the enthalpy profiles across the boundary layer. Total heat transfer to the stagnation region is evaluated for numerous cases and the results are compared with the no shielding case. Required absorption properties of the foreign gas are determined and compared with properties of known gases.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-329
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  • 21
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    Spatial Characteristics of Water Spray Formed by Two Impinging Jets at Several Jet Velocities in Quiescent Air (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The spatial characteristics of a spray formed by two impinging water jets in quiescent air were studied over a range of nominal jet velocities of 30 to 74 feet per second. The total included angle between the 0.089-inch jets was 90 deg. The jet velocity, spray velocity, disappearance of the ligaments just before drop formation, mass distribution, and size and position of the largest drops were measured in a circumferential survey around the point of jet impingement. Photographic techniques were used in the evaluations. The distance from the point of jet impingement to ligament breakup into drops was about 4 inches on the spray axis and about 1.3 inches in the radial position +/-90 deg from the axis. The distance tended to increase slightly with increase in jet velocity. The spray velocity varied from about 99 to about 72 percent of the jet velocity for a change in circumferential position from the spray axis to the +/-80 deg positions. The percentages tended to increase slightly with an increase in jet velocity. Fifty percent of the mass was distributed about the spray axis in an included angle of slightly less than 40 deg. The effect of jet velocity was small. The largest observed drops (2260-micron or 0.090-in. diam.) were found on and about the spray axis. The size of the largest drops decreased for an increase in radial angular position, being about 1860 microns (0.074 in.) at the +/-90 deg positions. The largest drop sizes tended to decrease for an increase in jet velocity, although the velocity effect was small. A drop-size distribution analysis indicated a mass mean drop size equal to 54 percent of an extrapolated maximum drop size.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-301 , E-419
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  • 22
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    Measurement of Screen-Size Effects on Intensity, Scale, and Spectrum of Turbulence in a Free Subsonic Jet (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The results are reported of hot-wire anemometer measurements of the fluctuating longitudinal component of the turbulent velocities in the mean flow downstream of screens in an air jet. These measurements have been analyzed by well-established techniques to give the influence of tile screen mesh size on the turbulent intensity, scale, and the power-spectral-density. The results show a linear dependence of the intensity upon the screen mesh size for locations within the central core of the air jet. The spectral-density curves show that the screens redistribute the turbulent energy from the low frequencies (〈1000 cps) to the high frequencies (〉1000 cps). The effects of the screens are overwhelmed in the mixing region of the jet flow by the turbulence levels existing there. The large pressure drops occurring across the screens reduce the velocity of the jet as compared to the jet without screens by approximately one-third for the velocity and range of mesh sizes investigated and reported in this report. The turbulence scale is a linear function of distance from the nozzle exit and is somewhat greater than comparable jets without screens.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-297 , E-798
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    The Influence of Low Wall Temperature on Boundary-Layer Transition and Local Heat Transfer on 2-Inch-Diameter Hemispheres at a Mach Number of 4.95 and a Reynolds Number per Foot of 73.2 x 10(exp 6) (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: Measurements of the location of boundary-layer transition and the local heat transfer have been made on 2-inch-diameter hemispheres in the Langley gas dynamics laboratory at a Mach number of 4.95, a Reynolds number per foot of 73.2 x 10(exp 6), and a stagnation temperature of approximately 400 F. The transient-heating thin-skin calorimeter technique was used, and the initial values of the wall-to-stream stagnation- temperature ratios were 0.16 (cold-model tests) and 0.65 (hot-model test). During two of the four cold tests, the boundary-layer flow changed from turbulent to laminar over large regions of the hemisphere as the model heated. On the basis of a detailed consideration of the magnitude of roughness possibly present during these two cold tests, it appears that this destabilizing effect of low wall temperatures (cooling) was not caused by roughness as a dominant influence. This idea of a decrease in boundary-layer stability with cooling has been previously suggested. (See, for example, NASA Memorandum 10-8-58E.) For the laminar data obtained during the early part of the hot test, the correlation of the local-heating data with laminar theory was excellent.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-391 , L-752
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    Turbulence Studies of a Rectangular Slotted Noise-Suppressor Nozzle (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: The problem of noise suppression of turbojet engines has shown a need for turbulence data within the flow field of various types of nozzles used in ad hoc investigations of the sound power. The result of turbulence studies in a nozzle configuration of four parallel rectangular slots is presented in this report with special attention to the effect of the spacing of the nozzles on the intensity of turbulence, scale of turbulence, spectrum of turbulence, and the mean stream velocity. Taylor's hypothesis, which describes the convection of the turbulence eddies, was tested and found correct within experimental error and certain experimental and theoretical limitations. The convection of the pressure patterns was also investigated, and the value of the convection velocity was found to be about 0.43 times the central core velocity of the jets. The effect of the spacing-to-width ratio of the nozzles upon the turbulence intensity, the scale of turbulence, and the spectral distribution of the noise was found in general to produce a maximum change for spacing-to-width ratios of 1.5 to 2.0. These changes may be the cause of the reduction in sound power reported for similar full-scale nozzles and test conditions under actual (static) engine operation. A noise reduction parameter is defined from Lighthill's theory which gives qualitative agreement with experiments which show the noise reduction is greatest for spacing-to-width ratios of 1.5 to 2.0.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-294 , E-384
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    Full-Scale Wind-Tunnel Tests of Blowing Boundary-Layer Control Applied to a Helicopter Rotor (1960)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-16
    Description: A full-scale wind-tunnel test was conducted of two boundary-layer-control applications to a 44-foot diameter helicopter rotor. Blowing from a nozzle near the leading edge of the blades delayed retreating blade stall. Results also indicated that delay of retreating blade stall could be obtained by cyclic blowing with a lower flow rate than that required for continuous blowing. It was found that blowing applied through a nozzle at mid-chord had no effect on retreating blade stall.
    Keywords: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
    Type: NASA-TN-D-335 , A-380
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  • 26
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    Arylsulfonylhydrazone und N-Glykoside der 2-Desoxy-D-ribose (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 90-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Arylsulfonylhydrazone, Naphthylamide und Toluidide der 2-Desoxy-D-ribose werden dargestellt. Diese sind zur Reinigung der 2-Desoxy-D-ribose weniger geeignet als das bekannte Anilid.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110112
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  • 27
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    Über den Stand und die Perspektiven der organischen Chemie in der Polnischen VolksrepublikFestvortrag zur 550-Jahrfeier der Universität Leipzig (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 90-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100105
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  • 28
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    Grenzflächenaktive Polyhydroxylverbindungen. VII. Über Umsetzungen von D-Galactose und 1,2-3,4-Di-O-isopropyliden-galactopyranose mit n-Octylisocyanat (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 210-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird über die Synthese von N-n-Octyl-carbaminsäure-D-galactopyranose-ester (6) berichtet, der einmal direkt aus D-Galactose und n-Octylisocyanat und zum anderen Male über ein Derivat der Galactose, die 1,2-3,4-Di-O-isopropyliden-galactopyranose hergestellt wird. Die erhaltenen Produkte werden in Form ihrer Phenylhydrazone verglichen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110312
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  • 29
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    A study on Thorium Compounds of some Dicarboxylic Acids (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 305-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: From solutions of Th(NO3)4 and K2X (X = malonate, succinate and adipate) taken in different molar ratios, the following compounds were isolated: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{l} {\rm Th}({\rm C}_3 {\rm H}_2 {\rm O}_4)_2 \cdot 2{\rm H}_2 {\rm O},{\rm K}_2 {\rm Th}({\rm C}_3 {\rm H}_2 {\rm O}_4)_3, \\ {\rm Th}({\rm C}_4 {\rm H}_4 {\rm O}_4)_2 {\rm \,\,and \,\,Th}({\rm C}_2 {\rm H}_8 {\rm O}_2). \\ \end{array} $$\end{document}Conductometric and heterometric titrations carried out in the systems Th(NO3)4—K2X—H2O besides confirming the existence of the above compounds indicate the presence of yet another specie (ThX)++ in all these systems. Attempts at isolation of this last specie kowever, failed because of the ease with which it was decomposed into ThX2. The system Th(NO3)4—K2C2O4—H2O has also been studied for the sake of the completeness of the investigation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100507
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  • 30
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    Über die Beeinflussung der Korngröße von Kohlenwasserstoffaddukten aus festem HarnstoffHerrn Professor Dr. W. Treibs zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 272-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wurde bei der Adduktbildung der n-Kohlenwasserstoffe von Erdölprodukten mit gekörntem Harnstoff, der Einfluß unter anderen der Verdünnung, der Bleicherdevorbehandlung und der Eigenschaften des Ausgangsstoffes, sowie der Granulation und der Benetzungsmitteln des Harnstoffes, weiterhin der Abkühlung und Erwärmung des Reaktionsgemisches auf die Korngröße des entstehenden Adduktes untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die Korngröße des Harnstoffadduktes mit der, durch die Versuchsbedingungen beeinflußbaren Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der Adduktbildung zusammenhängt. Im Falle einer verhältnismäßig langsamen Reaktion wächst das Addukt geradezu in dem Harnstoffkristall herein und die Korngröße nimmt dementsprechend entschieden zu. Bei einer schnellen Adduktbildungsreaktion zerfällt dagegen der Harnstoffkristall zu einem feinpulverigen, unfiltrierbaren Adduktprodukt.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110506
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  • 31
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    Über Silikone. L. Definierte Methylsiloxane mit Si—H-BindungenHerrn Professor Dr. W. Treibs zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 336-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Ko-hydrolyse und anschließende Ko-kondensation von (CH3)2HSiCl bzw. CH3H2SiCl mit CH3HSiCl2, CH3SiCl3, HSiCl3 und SiCl4 konnten definierte Siloxane mit den Baueinheiten (CH3)2HSi(O1/2), CH3HSi(O1/2)2, CH3Si(O1/2)3, HSi(O1/2)3 und Si(O1/2)4 erhalten werden.
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  • 32
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    Über die Hydroperoxyde der isomeren C8-Aromaten und ihre durch Schwermetallsalze katalysierte ZersetzungHerrn Professor Dr. W. Treibs zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 12 (1960), S. 11-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Monohydroperoxyde der drei isomeren Xylole und des Äthylbenzols wurden durch Autoxydation der Kohlenwasserstoffe hergestellt, ihre Zersetzung unter den Bedingungen der technischen Autoxydation, d. h. bei Temperaturen um 135°, in Gegenwart von Co-Stearat als Katalysator und in einem Kohlenwasserstoff als Lösungsmittel lieferte vorwiegend Verbindungen mit unverändertem Kohlenstoffgerüst. Aus der Analyse der bei der Zersetzung entstehenden Gase konnte auf einen geringfügigen Abbau des Kohlenstoffgerüstes durch C—C-Spaltung intermediär auftretender Radikale geschlossen werden. Molekularer Wasserstoff entstand bei der durch Co-Salze katalysierten Zersetzung der untersuchten Hydroperoxyde nur in sehr geringem Maße.
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  • 33
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    Synthese makrocyclischer Ringverbindungen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 146-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über die Darstellung von makrocyclischen Ringsystemen mit 4.4′-Diamino-1.1′-dinaphthyl und trans-4.4′-Diaminostilben berichtet. Bis-(N.N′-tetramethylen-4.4′-diamino-1.1′-dinaphthyl) bildet wie das von Stetter dargestellte Bis-(N.N′-tetramethylen-benzidin) mit Dioxan eine Molekül-Einschlußverbindung.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110304
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  • 34
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    C. Vorträge über Petrolchemie. Über den Stand und die Perspektiven der PetrolchemieFestvortrag zur 550-Jahrfeier der Universität Leipzig (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 140-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100110
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    E. Vorträge über Biochemie. Vergleichende Untersuchung des natürlichen und biosynthetischen LigninsVortrag beim Chemischen Symposium anläßlich der 550-Jahrfeier der Universität Leipzig (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 220-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100114
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  • 36
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    Untersuchungen über Stilbene. XXXVI. Notiz zur Spaltung der C—N-Bindung tertiärer Amine durch Säureanhydride und -chlorideHerrn Professor Dr. W. Treibs zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 341-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Reaktionsfähigkeit substituierter tertiärer Benzylamine und analoger Verbindungen mit Acetanhydrid bzw. Propionsäureanhydrid wird untersucht und die Darstellung des 4-Chlormethyl-stilbens beschrieben.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110511
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  • 37
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    Über p-Cymol und seine Derivate. XXII. Ortho-Metallierung mit 2-Brom-p-cymol (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 12 (1960), S. 27-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mit Hilfe der Ortho-Metallierung von 2-Brom-p-cymol mit Lithium-dimethylamid, Natriumäthylat, Phenyllithium und p-Cymyllithium werden neue isomere Verbindungen beschrieben. Ferner wird versucht, die Ortho-Metallierung auf Grund dieser und bereits früher veröffentlichter Ergebnisse theoretisch zu klären.
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    Beiträge zur Stereochemie des Allylbromierens (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 12 (1960), S. 50-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Beim Bromieren von β-Methylcrotonsäureestern(I) (Dimethylacrylsäureestern) mit N-Bromsuccinimid können zwei Typen stereoisomerer Monobromprodukte entstehen, je nach dem ob man das Bromatom im Verhältnis zur Estergruppe in eine Cis-Stellung (II) oder aber in eine Trans-Stellung (III) einführt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600120108
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  • 39
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    Beziehungen zwischen Konstitution und α-Aminosäure-dehydrogenasewirkung von Isatinen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 12 (1960), S. 91-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Abhängigkeit der Dehydrogenasewirkung substituierter Isatine von polaren und sterischen Effekten, der Existenz von intramolekularen H-Brückenbindungen sowie dem Einfluß des Lösungsmittels wird untersucht.
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    Eröffnungsansprache Anlaß und Sinn des Chemischen SymposiumsFestvortrag zur 550-Jahrfeier der Universität Leipzig (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 3-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100101
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    Die Lage und die Perspektiven der Chemie - insbesondere der organischen Chemie - in der Deutschen Demokratischen RepublikFestvortrag zur 550-Jahrfeier der Universität Leipzig (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 71-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100104
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    Quantitative Isolierung geringer Mengen auf elektromagnetischem Wege angereicherter Silber-, Zink- und Cadmiumisotope (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 121-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei der Isolierung der angereicherten Isotope 107Ag, 109Ag, 64Zn, 70Zn und 110Cd, die vom Isotopentrenner in legierungsähnlicher Vermischung mit sehr viel Taschenmaterial geliefert wurden, konnten nach den beschriebenen Methoden Mengen erhalten werden, die den physikalisch vorausberechneten entsprachen.
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    Probleme des modernen ChemieunterrichtsFestvortrag zur 550-Jahrfeier der Universität Leipzig (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 135-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100109
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    Über die Anwendung physikalisch-chemischer Meßmethoden in Laboratorium und BetriebVortrag beim Chemischen Symposium anläßlich der 550-Jahrfeier der Universität Leipzig (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 204-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100113
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    Reactions of orthoesters of titanium. III. Reactions of Ethyl and Isopropyl Titanates with α-hydroxy carboxylic acids (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 10 (1960), S. 247-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Stepwise replacement of alkyl groups of ethyl and isopropyl titanates by acyl groups of lactic, mandelic, and salicylic acids has been investigated by taking the reactants in predetermined stoichiometric proportions and causing them to react in refluxing benzene. The number of alkyl groups replaced was determined by estimating the alcohol liberated in the reaction and by analysing the reaction product. When the alkyl titanates are acted upon by 2 moles of these acids, salicylic acid liberates 4 moles of alcohol (per mole alkyl titanate) whereas remaining two acids displace only 3 or 3.5 moles of alcohol. Thus di-lactate and mandelate derivatives appear to withhold very firmly the remaining alkoxy group. However, with 3 moles (or higher proportions) of these acids, alkyl titanates yield, in every case, an equimolecular mixture of di- and tri-acylates. The lactate and mandelate products are white solids, but the salicylates are orange or deep red in colour. Mono-lactate, salicylate and mandelate derivatives are soluble in benzene, whereas the equimolecular mixture of di- and tri-lactate dissolves in water without precipitation of titanium hydroxide.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600100502
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    Über Phenacyläther und -thioäther. I. Umsetzungen mit Phenyl-phenacyläthernHerrn Professor Dr. W. Treibs zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 239-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phenyl-phenacyläther setzen sich, offenbar nicht über die Nitrone, mit Nitrosodimethylanilin/Natriumcyanid zu den gleichen cyanierten Anilen um, die analog aus den ihnen wesensverwandten Phenacyl-pyridiniumbetainen entstehen. Mit aromatischen Aldehyden erhält man je nach Verfahrensweise Vinyläther oder die zugehörigen Alkohole; erstere geben mit alkalischem Wasserstoffperoxyd Epoxyverbindungen. Sehr glatt reagieren Phenyl-phenacyläther auch mit Grignard-Reagens sowie, zu 3-Phenoxychinolinen, mit o-Aminobenzaldehyd. Über dessen Verhalten gegenüber starker Ameisensäure wird im Versuchsteil berichtet.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110502
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    Zur Frage der mechanochemischen Reaktion von Quarz mit organischen Verbindungen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 63-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Schwingmahlung von Quarz mit einigen Halogenverbindungen, aliphatischen und aromatischen Alkoholen sowie mit monomerem und polymerem Methacrylsäure-methylester wurden Reaktionsprodukte erhalten, die bis zu 2,9% Kohlenstoff enthalten und deutlich hydrophob sind. Aus UR-spektroskopischen Untersuchungen geht hervor, daß teilweise Bildung von Si—O—C-Bindungen erfolgt ist.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110109
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    Grenzflächenaktive Polyhydroxylverbindungen. III. Über Umsetzungen von Saccharose mit n-Alkylisocyanaten (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 108-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird über ein Verfahren zur Darstellung von langkettigen N-n-Alkyl-carbaminsäure-estern der Saccharose berichtet. Reaktionsbedingungen werden ermittelt und Eigenschaften von Saccharose-N-n-octyl- und N-n-dodecyl-carbaminsäure-mono-estern (Isomerengemische) beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110114
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    Pflanzeninhaltsstoffe. III. Reaktionen am Longifolen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 165-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Weitere Methoden zur Reindarstellung und Oxydation des Longifolens und die Über-führung der α-Longiforsäure in 4,8-Dimethyl-azulen werden beschrieben. Durch Einwirkung von Diazo-essigester und oxydativen Abbau konnte ein weiterer Beweis für das Vorliegen einer Methylen-Gruppierung im Longifolen erbracht werden.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19600110306
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    Grenzflächenaktive Polyhydroxylverbindungen. V. α-D-Glucopyranose-N-α-naphthyl-carbaminsäure-ester (6) (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 197-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Eine Synthese von α-D-Glucopyranose-N-α-naphthyl-carbaminsäure-ester (6) wird beschrieben, der als Vergleichssubstanz für papierchromatographische Untersuchungen bei der Konstitutionsermittlung von synthetisch gewonnenem Saccharose-N-α-naphthyl-carbaminsäure-mono-ester-Iomerengemisch erforderlich ist.
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    Mikrosynthese des Glycin(2-14C) (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 222-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bei vielen biochemischen Arbeiten werden Aminosäuren hoher spezifischer Aktivität benötigt, während gleichzeitig die bei diesen Versuchen eingesetzten Gesamtaktivitäten sehr niedrig sein können.In solchen Fällen sind Methoden zur Synthese kleiner Aminosäuremengen hoher spezifischer Aktivität für den Experimentator wertvoll. Darüber hinaus aber werden infolge der bei solchen Mikromethoden eingesetzten niedrigen Gesamtaktivitäten die Gefahren des Arbeitens mit aktiven Substanzen auf ein Minimum reduziert.
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    Über Phenacyläther und -thioäther. II. Phenyl-μ-bromphenacylätherHerrn Professor Dr. W. Treibs zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 249-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die sehr reaktionsfähigen, in der Methylengruppe bromierten Phenyl-phenacyläther werden mit Natriumcyanid, mit Thioharnstoff, Ammoniak sowie Piperidin umgesetzt. Sie stehen den Phenylglyoxalen genetisch nahe, in deren Osazone sie mit (subst.) Phenylhydrazin und in deren Bis-thiosemicarbazone sie mit Thiosemicarbazid leicht und quantitativ übergehen. Mit Alkoholaten und Phenolaten bilden sie gemischte Acetale, mit Acetat Acetal-acetate von Phenylglyoxalen. Bemerkenswert ist ihre Spaltung mit Alkalien.
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    Zur Kenntnis der Trithiokohlensäure. IV. Über die Herstellung und Eigenschaften von Trithiokohlensäure-di-estern und ihre Verwendbarkeit als SchädlingsbekämpfungsmittelHerrn Professor Dr. W. Treibs zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 11 (1960), S. 284-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Trithiokohlensäure-di-ester der aliphatischen, araliphatischen und aromatischen Reihen wurden hergestellt und ihre chemischen sowie biologischen Eigenschaften untersucht.Das leicht zugängliche Barium-trithiocarbonat hat sich bei der Herstellung von aliphatischen und araliphatischen Estern bewährt.Von den untersuchten Estern zeigten lediglich die Diaryl-trithio-carbonate günstige insektizide Wirkung.
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    Reduktionsprodukte des N-Methyl-p-phenanthrolin-monojodmethylats, Isochinolin-N-oxyds und Phenanthridin-N-oxyds (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 265-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Durch Reduktion von N-Methyl-p-phenanthrolin-monojodmethylat mit Natrium-dithionit einerseits, mit Natriumborhydrid andererseits, entstehen zwei verschiedene N-Methyl-dihydro-p-phenanthroline. Ersteres wird mit (a), letzteres mit (b) bezeichnet. Im N-Methyl-dihydro-p-phenanthrolin (a) liegt wahrscheinlich die p-Dihydroverbindung, im N-Methyl-dihydro-p-phenanthrolin (b) das o-Dihydroderivat vor. Letzteres lässt sich leicht in das Isomere (a) umlagern.
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    Über die Oxydation von Ascorbinsäure durch salpetrige Säure Teil II: Die säurekatalysierte Reaktion. 14. Mitteilung über Reduktone und Tricarbonylverbindungen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 294-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In 0.1 to 0.5 M perchloric acid the oxidation by nitrous acid of the two reductones, ascorbic acid and phenyl hydroxytetronic acid, follows the rate law \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm v = k}_{\rm 3}^{{\rm oH}} {\rm [H}^{\rm + }\, {\rm] [HNO}_{\rm 2} {\rm]\, [red}^{\rm o} {\rm]}{\rm .} $$\end{document} k3oH has been determined for both reductones in aqueous dioxan and for ascorbic acid in water.
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    Über die Oxydation von Ascorbinsäure durch salpetrige Säure Teil VI: Übersicht und Diskussion der Ergebnisse. 18. Mitteilung über Reduktone und 1,2,3-Tricarbonylverbindungen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 320-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The oxidation of ascorbic acid and phenylhydroxytetronic acid by nitrous acid at various values of pH follows four distinct rate laws, discussed in parts II, III and IV of the present series of papers.
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    Über Steroide und Sexualhormone 216. Mitteilung. Zur Darstellung und Konfigurationsbestimmung der 20-Hydroxy-18, 20-cyclo-pregnan-Verbindungen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 354-366 
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    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Irradiation of ethanolic solutions of the 20-keto-pregnane derivatives I, XIII and XX leads to the formation of their respective stereoisomeric 20-hydroxy-18,20-cyclo-pregnane compounds, whose structures and configurations have been fully determined. Known fragmentation reactions are simultaneously observed.
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    Etudes sur les matières végétales volatiles CLXVI. Présence de β-déhydro-elsholtzione dans l'huile essentielle d'Elsholtzia oldhami HEMSL (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 406-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Beside elsholtzione, the essential oil of Elsholtzia oldhami HEMSL. contains dehydro-elsholtzione, which is a 3-methyl-2-(3-methyl-1-oxo-2-butenyl)-furan.
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    Etude des composés d'addition des acides de LEWIS X. Spectres infrarouges des composés formés par les chlorures d'acide avec le tétrachlorure de titane (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 424-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Les auteurs ont préparé les composés d′addition des chlorures de benzoyle, de mésitoyle et d'acétyle avec TiCl4 et étudié leurs spectres d'absorption infrarouge, qui prouvent des différences de structure entre ces corps. L′étude rétigraphique du chlorotitanate de mésitoylium a confirmé l'existence à l'état solide d'une espèce chimique définie.
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    Synthese des Iso-renieratins XXIX. Mitteilung über Carotinoidsynthesen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 453-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Der in dem orangefarbigen Schwamm Reniera japonica gebildete Polyenfarbstoff Iso-renieratin wurde synthetisch hergestellt und damit die von MASARU YAMAGUCHI aufgestellte Konstitutionsformel bestätigt.
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    Masthead (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430201
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    Effet isotopique de l'hydrogène dans l'irradiation et la décomposition thermique du diphényle (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 484-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The radiation stability and the thermal stability of ordinary (C12H10) and deutero (C12D10) diphenyl have been measured and compared. Deuterodiphenyl is more stable than the ordinary diphenyl by a factor of about 2, for pyrolysis at 460°C as well as for radiolysis at 30-40°C and at 310°C. This difference is of practical importance for the consideration of deutero-diphenyl as coolant for power reactors.
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    Die Reaktion von 15N-markierten organischen Nitriten RO15NO mit Stickoxyd 14NO (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 607-617 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A gas phase isotope exchange reaction has been found to occur between nitric oxide and nitrite esters, RO15NO + 14NO = RO14NO + 15NO. The reaction is first order with respect to both nitrite ester and nitric oxide. For the reaction with trifluoroethyl nitrite, the second order rate constant is given by the equation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm k} \approx {\rm 6} \times {\rm 10}^{{\rm 12}} \,{\rm e}^{{\rm - 23}\,{\rm 700/RT}} $$\end{document}, and for the reaction with ethyl nitrite \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm k} \approx 3 \times {\rm 10}^{{\rm 11}} \,{\rm e}^{{\rm - 21}\,{\rm 400/RT}} $$\end{document}.
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    Masthead (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430301
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    Thermodynamische Funktionen von Cyclobutanon und α,α,α′,α′-d4-Cyclobutanon (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 649-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For the usual range of temperatures the thermodynamic functions of cyclobutanone and α,α,α′,α′-d4-cyclobutanone have been calculated statistically assuming an assignment reported elsewhere1. The unknown ring frequency v27 was put into the calculations as a parameter with values v27 = 50, 100, 135, 150, 200 cm-1.
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    Reaktivität von Koordinationsverbindungen III. Über Reaktionen der Eisenkomplexe von 1-Hydrazinophtalazin (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 540-543 
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    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1-Hydrazinophthalazine reacts with molecular oxygen in the presence of Fe2+ to give a dimeric oxydation product with tetrazane structure, which forms a deep red coordination compound with Fe2+. The rate of the reaction depends on the concentration of a primarely formed FeII-1-Hydrazinophthalazine complex, which suggests autoxydation in the coordination sphere of Fe2+.
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    Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten. 21. Mitteilung. Lankamycin und Lankacidin (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 601-606 
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    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus den Kulturbrühen eines Stammes von Streptomyces violaceoniger (WAKSMAN et CURTIS) WAKSMAN et HENRICI wurden zwei neutrale, farblose Antibiotica isoliert: Lankamycin, C36H62O14, und Lankacidin, C46H66O16N2. Das Lankamycin gehört seinem chemischen und biologischen Verhalten nach zu den Makroliden.
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    Untersuchungen über die Magnesiumkomplexverbindungen von Oxalat und Carbonat (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 629-634 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Magnesiumionenkonzentration in wässeriger Lösung von definiertem pH und definierter Ionenstärke kann photometrisch mittels des Metallindikators Eriochromschwarz T gemessen werden. Mit Hilfe dieser Methode wurden für die Bildung von komplexem Mg-Oxalat bzw. -Carbonat bei einer Ionenstärke von μ = 0,1 und bei 20° die Werte log KMgOx = 2,76 und log KMgCO3 = 2,18 ermittelt.
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    Zur Spezifität der modifizierten «Keller»-Reaktion. II. Mitteilung (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 638-644 
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    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1 The ‘modified KELLER-reaction’ has been applied to (a) lysergic acid derivatives, (b) Harmala-alkaloids and (c) phenothiazines. It is shown that: (a) Most of the lysergic acid derivatives (the mono- and disubstituted compounds as well as the ring-substituted N-acetyl-lysergic acid diethylamide) are characterized by absorption curves clearly distinct from those of the simpler indoles reported in a former publication.
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    Über einige Komplexbildner aus der Thiazolreihe (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 659-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For comparison with bipyridyl, a series of compounds with potential metalchelating properties, i.e. having two or four basic groups of partly aromatic, partly aliphatic character, have been synthesized.
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    Synthesen auf dem Vitamin-B12-Gebiet. 1. Mitteilung. Gewinnung und Reinigung des Faktors V1a (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 693-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A monocarboxylic acid belonging to the group of incomplete cobalamines has been obtained from sewage sludge. It is called factor V1a and some of its properties are described.
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    Zur Synthese von 1-Alkylamino-1-desoxy-D-fructosen. 3. Mitteilung über Aminozucker (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 713-717 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: With alkylbenzylamine D-glucose undergoes AMADORI-rearrangement to 1-alkyl-benzylamino-1-deoxy-D-fructose. Catalytic hydrogenolysis of the benzyl group gives rise to 1-alkylamino-1-deoxy-D-fructose (alkyl-fructosamine). In this way, the methyl, ethyl and butyl derivatives of fructosamine have been prepared in crystalline form. With isocyanic acid and rhodanic acid the 1-alkylamino-1-deoxy-D-fructoses are converted into imidazole derivatives, as expected for substances of the α-aminoketone type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Über die Wirkung von 2-Phenylcyclopropylaminen auf die monoamin-oxydase und andere Enzymsysteme. 18. Mitteilung über Amin-oxydasen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 439-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Monoamine oxidase (MO) does not attack cyclopropylamine, cyclohexylamine, cis- and trans-phenylcyclopropylamine. These results are consistent with previous observations that MO is unable to catalyze the degradation of α-alkylated amines.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430156
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    Über Pyromellitsäure- und Cumidinsäure-Derivate. I. Teil (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 941-948 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. Chlorination of durene (I) gave 1,4-dimethyl-2,5-bis-chloromethyl-3,6-di- chlorobenzene (IV), and chlorination of compound XI gave 1,5-dimethyl-2,4-bis- chloromethyl-3,6-dichlorobenzene (XII).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    Antimetaboliten II Über die Herstellung und Eigenschaften einiger Analoga der Mevalonsäure (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 983-988 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Synthese von β-Hydroxy-β-methyl-δ-mercapto-valeriansäure und analogen Verbindungen wird beschrieben.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430406
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    Trennung und Konzentrationsverlauf der Sauerstoffistopen 16O, 17O und 18O bei der Destillation von Wasser in einer Präzisionsdestillationsanlage (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 989-1004 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird eine fünfstufige Präzisions-Destillationsanlage beschrieben, in welcher durch Destillation von Wasser, ausgehend von natürlichem Wasser, die Sauerstoff-isotopen 17O und 18O, gegenwärtig mit Konzentrationen bis zu 0,9% 17O und 93% 18O, in grösseren Mengen gewonnen werden. Der Konzentrationsverlauf der Sauerstoffisotopen ist in Abhängigkeit von der effektiven Trennstufenzahl der Destillationsanlage dargestellt. Ein Vergleich der gemessenen Konzentrationsverläufe mit den für das ternare Gemisch H216O, H217O und H218O berechneten Kurven zeigt eine gute Übereinstimmung der gemessenen und berechneten Werte. Ebenfalls ist die mit der Konzentrierung der Sanerstoffisotopen parallel laufende Konzentrierung des Deuteriums beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    Benzimidazol-Derivate und verwandte Heterocyclen. IV. Die Kondensation von o-Phenylendiamin mit α-Aryl- und γ-Aryl-acetessigester (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1046-1056 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of o-phenylenediamine with α-phenyl- and γ-phenyl-acetoacetic ester has been investigated. The former yields mainly 1-β-methylstyryl-benzimidazole-2-one (IX), the latter affords 4,7-dihydro-5-benzyl-1H-2,3-benzo-1,4-diazepin-7-one (XVI). The structures of these products have been elucidated.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    Tieffarbige Fluorenchinone (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1086-1112 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tetrahydroxytriphenylmethane compounds (aurine dyes and their reduction products) deriving from pyrocatechol are converted easily into deeply coloured substances which can be reduced to colourless leuco-compounds, the reduction and re-oxidation being thermodynamically reversible and furnishing a platinum electrode with a well defined potential. It is shown that these new dyes have the structure of dihydroxyfluorene quinones and diaminofluorene quinones; they are the first fluorene quinones ever described in literature. Several of these substituted fluorene quinones have been obtained in a pure, crystalline state and are characterized by analysis, UV. absorption spectra, IR.-spectra, acid-base indicator behaviour, their oxidation-reduction potential and their ability to form metal complexes.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430418
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    Recherches sur la formation et la transformation de dérivés organiques du fluor II. Sur la synthèse et l'estérification d'amino-alcools fluorés (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1135-1142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The syntheses of monofluorinated amino-alcohols (with primary, secondary and tertiary amino groups and also with quaternary ammonium groups) and of their phosphoric and acetic esters are described.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430425
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    Aufruf für Bewerber um ein Stipendium aus der «Van't Hoff-Stiftung» zur Unterstützung von Forschern auf dem Gebiete der reinen oder angewandten Chemie (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1164-1164 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430431
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    Der KMnO4-Abbau von Scillaren. A. 44. Mitteilung über Herzglykoside (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 686-693 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Hexa-O-acetyl-scillaren A (II) wurde mit KMnO4 in Aceton zu einem ungesättigten Ätiänsäurederivat (V) abgebaut, das sich in 3β-Hydroxy-5α-ätiansäuremethylester (X) bzw. 5α-Ätiänsaure-methylester (XII) überführen liess. Die für Scilla-Glykoside charakteristische C-4-Doppelbindung wurde bei der Oxydation nicht angegriffen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    Untersuchungen über die Entmischung verdünnter Lösungen makromolekularer Substanzen. I. Einfluss des Polymerisationsgrades auf die Grenze der Entmischung und auf das Verhalten der entmischten Systeme in einem Strömungsgefälle. Beispiel des Systems Benzol-Polystyrol-Äthylcellulose (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1192-1208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wurden (im Anschluss an eine Arbeit von W. KUHN und A. SILBERBERG) die Bedingungen hinsichtlich Konzentration und Temperatur festgestellt, unter denen bei gleichzeitiger Gegenwart von Polystyrol und Äthylcellulose in Benzol eine Phasentrennung in eine hauptsächlich Polystyrol und eine hauptsächlich Äthylcellulose enthaltende Phase auftritt. Ausserdem wird die Form und Grösse der bei der Entmischung sich bildenden Tropfen in Abhängigkeit von einem im System aufrecht erhaltenen Strömungsgefälle festgestellt. Dabei werden die sämtlichen Erscheinungen als Funktion des Polymerisationsgrades der genannten makromolekularen Substanzen (Polystyrol und Äthylcellulose) festgestellt.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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    Über ein neues Calebassen-Alkaloid: C-Alkaloid BL. 44. Mitteilung über Calebassen-Alkaloide (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1218-1220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Aus Calebassen-Curare konnte ein neues Alkaloid (C-Alkaloid BL) isoliert werden, das im Papierchromatogramm (Lösungsmittel «C») zwischen C-Calebassin und C-Alkaloid H liegt. Es ist biquartär, wird von Cer(IV)-sulfat blau gefärbt. Sein UV.-Spektrum entspricht einem Oxindol- bzw. N-Acylindolin-Chromophor. Im IR.-Spektrum ist eine starke Säureamidbande vorhanden. Die Curarewirkung ist ca. 1/50 derjenigen des Toxiferins.
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    Die absolute Konfiguration des (-)-Epicatechins (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1274-1279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Erschöpfende Ozonisierung von (-)-Epicatechin und Reduktion der optisch aktiven Ozonisierungsprodukte führte zu 2-Desoxy-D-xylit, welcher als Tetraphenylurethan in reiner Form isoliert, charakterisiert und identifiziert wurde. Der von D-Glycerinaldehyd sterisch eindeutig abgeleitete 2-Desoxy-D-xylit enthält die beiden asymmetrischen C-Atome 2 und 3 des (-)-Epicatechins in unveränderter Konfiguration. Für (-)-Epicatechin folgt daraus zwingend die absolute Konfiguration gemäss Formel I, wie sie erstmals von K. FREUDENBERG u. a. durch vergleichende Betrachtung von Drehungsverschiebungen aus der Ephedrin- und Mandelsäure-Reihe abgeleitet wurde.
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    Isolierung und Charakterisierung von S2 in gefärbten Schwefelkondensaten bei tiefen Temperaturen (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1333-1349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (1) Coloured low-temperature deposits of sulphur are produced from molecular-S2-beams under defined conditions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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    Struktur und UV.-Absorption von Bicyclo[2, 2, 2]7-octen-2,5-dion. Bicyclo[2, 2, 2]octan-Reihe. 5. Mitteilung (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1390-1393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Bicyclo[2,2,2]7-octene-2,5-dione (1), prepared by oxidative decarboxylation of the dicarboxylic acid (3), shows a relatively intense UV.-absorption band at 223 mμ (log ε = 3,36), which is ascribed to internal charge transfer. An unusually strong band (n → π-transition), characteristic of non-planar β,γ-unsaturated ketones and resolved into two peaks at 296 and 307 mp (log ε = 2,41) respectively, is also present.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430522
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    Über die Bildung von ungesättigten Abbauprodukten durch ein pektinabbauendes Enzym (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1422-1426 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a commercial pectinase preparation an enzyme has been found which attacks only the methyl ester of pectic acid. A study of the breakdown products by ultraviolet absorption, ozonation and reaction with thiobarbituric acid indicated the presence of Δ-4,5 unsaturated galacturonic acid groups.
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    Welkstoffe und Antibiotika. 22. Mitteilung. Verwendung radioaktiver Fusarinsäure und Synthese von Fusarinsäure-[2,51-14C] (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1436-1440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nach Angaben über die Verwendung des mit 14C markierten Welkstoffs Fusarinsäure für biologische Untersuchungen wird die Synthese von Fusarinsäure-[2,51-14C] beschrieben. Aus Ba14CO3, wurde Propyl-chlorvinyl-keton-[carbonyl-14C] hergestellt, dessen Kondensation mit inaktivem Propyl-aminovinyl-keton nach NESMEJANOW zum 2-Propyl-5-butyryl-pyridin- [2,51-14C] führte, welches in Fusarinsäure umgewandelt wurde. Die substanzielle Ausbeute der Synthese betrug 28%, die radioaktive Ausbeute ca. 4%. Der Grund des Radioaktivitätsverlustes wurde erkannt; er kann durch geeignete Massnahmen vermieden werden.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430528
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    V. Europäischer Kongress für Molekülspektroskopie (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1451-1451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430533
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    Zur Kenntnis der Hexaalkylbenzole. 1. Mitteilung. Anomale FRIEDEL-CRAFTS-Reaktionen von Hexaäthyl- und Hexamethylbenzol (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1473-1481 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An anomalous type of FRIEDEL-CRAFTS reaction was observed with hexaethyland hexamethylbenzene. With a number of acid chlorides and γ-dicarboxylic anhydrides the reaction proceeded by elimination of an alkyl group with production of the corresponding pentaalkylphenyl ketones and γ-pentaalkylbenzoyl acids respectively.
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    Absolute Konfiguration des Mevalolactons (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1508-1513 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The naturally occurring enantiomer of mevalolactone is shown to possess the (R)-(-)-configuration XVIII by a direct correlation of its antipode with quinic acid.
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    1,6-Dioxo-cyclodeca-3,8-dien und 1,6-Diamino-cyclodeca-3,8-dien. Cyclodecapolyene, 1. Mitteilung (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1546-1555 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,6-Dioxo-cyclodeca-3,8-diene (4) and the cis and trans forms of 1,6-diamino-cyclodeca-3,8-diene (7) have been synthesized from naphthalene via isotetralin (1). No transannular reaction was observed during the reduction of the dioxime of (4) to the diamine (7).
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    Zur Kenntnis der Chenodesoxycholsäure (3α, 7α-Dihydroxy-5β-cholansäure) (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1595-1600 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Herstellung von Chenodesoxycholsäure und einer Reihe funktioneller Derivate dieser Säure wird beschrieben.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430617
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    Recherches sur les spectres d'absorption IR. des ozonides XX. Application d'une méthode différentielle de prise des spectres à l'étude de l'ozonation progressive du cinnamate d'éthyle (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1612-1615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: La méthode «différentielle» de prise des spectres s'est montrée très utile dans l'étude spectrographique de l'ozonation progressive du cinnamate d'éthyle.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430619
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    Über Pyromellitsäure- und Cumidinsäure-Derivate. II. Teil (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1645-1653 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1. The condensation of dichloropyromellitic acid with aniline gave a blue compound and a brown-red compound in good yield.
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    Beiträge zur Polymorphie der im Sinne von W. Hückel artfremde Gitter bildenden Modifikationen V. Zur Graphitisierung des Diamanten (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1657-1666 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Aufschlüsse, die sich bei kritischer Auswertung des vorliegenden experimentellen Materials über Druckabhängigkeit, Temperaturabhängigkeit, untere Grenztemperatur und Geschwindigkeit der Graphitisierung des Diamanten gewinnen lassen, führen zu dem Ergebnis, dass dieser Prozess nicht als klassische Gitterumlagerung, sondern unter Abspaltung von Bausteinen des Diamantgitters verläuft, wobei der geschwindigkeitsbestimmende Schrittt in der Lösung einer C—C-Bindung besteht. Dadurch wird die an anderer Stelle Vertretene Auffassung gestützt, dass Diamant und Graphit trotz pauschalchemisch gleicher Zusammensetzung thermodynamisch als zwei verschiedene Stoffe zu behandeln sind, die sich vom kinetischen Standpunkt betrachtet hauptsächlich in der Aktivität und der Atomzahl ihrer Nährphasen voneinander unterscheiden.
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    Die Cardenolide von Erysimum perofskianum FISCH. et MEY. 2. Mitteilung. Glykoside und Aglykone, 217. Mitteilung (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1280-1290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Die Struktur von 4 neuen Glykosiden aus den Samen von Erysimum perofskianum wird bis auf wenige Einzelheiten abgeklärt. Der Abbau des bekannten Erysimosids wird beschrieben. Die genannten Glykoside enthalten alle dasselbe Genin (Strophanthidin) und unterscheiden sich nur im Zuckeranteil wie folgt: Kabulosid (C) enthält vermutlich 2-Desoxy-D-gulose.Perofskosid (D) enthält 2-Desoxy-D-glucose.Erysimosid (E) enthält in Übereinstimmung mit Befunden von ABUBAKIROW et al. Digilanidobiose. Letztere ist vermutlich eine 4-(β-D-Glucopyranosido)-D-digitoxrose.Eryperosid (E′) wird wie Erysimosid enzymatisch zu Helveticosid gespalten; es enthält als Zucker einen mit Digilanidobiose isomeren Zucker, der aus denselben Bausteinen besteht. Es könnte cine 3- oder 4-(α-D-Glucopyranosido)-D-digitoxose vorliegen.Erycorchosid (F) wird wie Olitorisid enzymatisch in Corchorosid A und vermutlich D-Glucose gespalten. Als Zucker enthält es vermutlich 3- oder 4-((α-D-Glucopyranosido)-D-boivinose.Die in C, D, E′ und F enthaltenen Zucker sind unseres Wissens bisher noch in keinem Naturprodukt aufgefunden worden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430513
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  • 98
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    Über die Konstitution des Nocardamins (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1868-1871 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Das stickstoffhaltige Spaltprodukt des Antibioticums Nocardamin1(2) wurde als 1-Amino-5-hydroxylamino-pentan identifiziert. Für des Nocardamin folgt daraus die neue Konstitution IV. Es wurde eine zweite Synthese des 1-Amino-5-hydroxylamino-pentans ausgeführt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430650
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  • 99
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    Verwendung farbiger Schutzgruppen zur Synthese von bis-homo-Gramicidin S (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1910-1915 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An improved synthesis of bis-homo-gramicidin S is described, using the p-(p′-methoxyphenylazo)-benzyloxycarbonyl (MZ) group for intermediary protection of the ∊-amino group of lysine. Partial dinitrophenylation was used to determine the molecular weight of the compound.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430704
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    Etudes cinétiques dans le domaine des dérivés polycycliques aromatiques. X. Application de la méthode des orbitales moléculaires à l'étude de la réactivité de dérivés chlorométhylés du fluoranthène (1960)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 43 (1960), S. 1934-1938 
    Details
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The potential barriers of some nucleophilic substitutions have been estimated by simple LCAO-MO treatment.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19600430707
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