ALBERT

Note: Table of Contents: Preface. - Why Learn UNIX?. - How to Use This Book. - A Word About UNIX Versions. - Conventions Used in This Handbook. - Chapter 1 Introduction to the UNIX Operating System. - Logging In to UNIX. - UNIX Commands. - The UNIX File System. - Files and Filenames. - The File System's Structure. - Simple Commands for Working with Files. - Simple Commands for Working with Directories. - Wildcards. - File Access Permission. - Standard Input and Output. - Pipes. - Controlling Execution. - Stopping Programs. - Foreground and Background. - Running a Job at a Later Time. - Shell Programs. - Command Line Arguments. - Shell Variables. - Loops. - Conditionals. - Shell Customization. - Environment Variables. - Shell Variables. - Aliases. - Other Basic Tools. - Standard UNIX Documentation. - Online Help. - Chapter 2 Creating a FORTRAN Program with vi. - Invoking vi. - Retrieving Backup Versions. - Modes. - Text Mode. - Command Mode. - Moving Within a File. - Adding and Deleting Text. - Search Operations. - Moving Blocks of Text-Named Buffers. - Saving and Exiting. - Editing and Inserting Other Files. - Executing UNIX Commands from vi. - Other Features. - Options. - Pattern Matching. - Chapter 3 Compiling and Linking FORTRAN Programs. - FORTRAN Compilation. - Libraries. - Output Files. - make and the Compiler. - Compilation Options. - The Preprocessor. - Preprocessor Statements. - File Inclusion. - Conditional Compilation. - Comments. - Summary of Preprocessor Statements. - Assembling a FORTRAN Program. - Invoking the Assembler. - Linking FORTRAN Programs. - Invoking Id. - Linker Options. - Error Messages. - Creating Libraries. - Chapter 4 FORTRAN Working Environment. - FORTRAN I/O. - Default Filenames. - FORTRAN I/O Initialization. - Simple Character I/O. - File System Information. - Tape I/O. - UNIX System Calls and Functions. - Command Line Arguments. - Accessing the Environment. - Timing. - Mathematical Routines. - Executing UNIX Commands. - System Error Handling. - Installing Local Programs. - Chapter 5 Debugging FORTRAN Programs. - Source-level Debugging with dbx. - Compilation for dbx. - Starting dbx. - Basic dbx Commands. - Current File and Current Function. - Definitions and Conventions. - Advanced Features. - Debugging at the Assembly Level with adb. - Invoking adb. - adb Commands. - Executing a Program Under adb. - Working with Subroutines and Functions. - Working with Common Blocks. - Modifying Values. - Some Hints. - Chapter 6 Automatic Compilation with make. - Creating a makefile. - Dependencies. - Abbreviations and Macros. - Search Directories. - Default Compilation Rules. - Invoking make. - Convenient Flags. - make and RCS. - A Note on Source Files. - Error Messages. - Some Final Notes. - Chapter 7 Source Management with RCS. - Revision Trees. - Basic Operations. - RCS Directories and Files. - The Revision Log. - Identification Strings. - Strict Access. - More About Checking In. - New and Old Generations. - Other Features. - States. - Names. - Changing a File's Description. - Access Lists. - Chapter 8 Program Timing and Profiling. - Simple Timings. - Introduction to Profiling. - Preparing a Program for Profiling. - Name Handling. - Generating a Profile with gprof. - Interpreting a Profile from gprof. - The Flat Profile. - The Call Graph Profile. - Profiling with prof. - Appendix A Extensions and Oddities: UNIX Compatibility Issues. - UNIX FORTRAN Compilers. - UNIX Extensions. - Data Types. - Constants. - Tab Formatting. - File Inclusion. - I/O Extensions. - Intrinsic Functions. - Extensions to Avoid. - Quirks. - Save Status and Zero Initialization. - Common Block Padding. - Argument Matching. - Capitalization. - Listings. - Miscellaneous. - Appendix B Programs Mixing FORTRAN and C. - Calling C Procedures from FORTRAN. - Naming. - Arguments to Procedures. - Appendix C Data Representations. - Data Representations. - Storage Layout. - Integer Representation. - Logicals. - Floating-Point Numbers. - Single Precision (REAL, REAL*4). - Double Precision. - COMPLEX. - Error Conditions. - Appendix D UNIX Error Numbers and Signals. - General UNIX Error Numbers. - FORTRAN-Specific Error Numbers. - Signals. - Index.

Note: Contents: CHAPTER 1 ROLE OF PROBABILITY METHODS IN POWER SYSTEM ENGINEERING ; CHAPTER 2 CONCEPTS AND THEOREMS OF PROBABILITY ; CHAPTER 3 RANDOM VARIABLES ; CHAPTER 4 FUNCTIONS OF RANDOM VARIABLES ; CHAPTER 5 STOCHASTIC PROCESSES ; CHAPTER 6 DECISION ANALYSIS ; CHAPTER 7 RELIABILITY ; CHAPTER 8 PROBABILISTIC STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS ; CHAPTER 9 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE, INSPECTION, AND REPLACEMENT ; CHAPTER 10 PROBABILISTIC LOAD-FLOW STUDIES ; CHAPTER 11 PROBABILISTIC SHORT-CIRCUIT ANALYSIS ; CHAPTER 12 PROBABILISTIC POWER SYSTEM STABILITY ; CHAPTER 13 MONTE CARLO SIMULATION ; CHAPTER 14 ELEMENTS OF ACCEPTANCE SAMPLING

Note: Beilage unter dem Titel: SCAR : Wissenschaftliches Komitee für Antarktisforschung , Beilage unter dem Titel: Deutsche Mitglieder in SCAR-Gruppen = German members in SCAR Groups , Beilage unter dem Titel: Corrigendum / German Antarctic Research Report to SCAR, No. 12 - 1990 , Beilage unter dem Titel: SCAR Bulletin : No. 99, October 1990 ; Stations of SCAR nations operating in the Antarctic, winter 1990 , CONTENTS: I. National Committee for Antarctic Research, and National Operating Organization/Agency. - II. Map of Stations. - Ill. Permanent Observatories, Regular Observations and Long-term Monitoring. - IV. Report on Highlights of Science Activities from Previous Reporting Period (1 Oct. 89 - 31 March 90). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences. - V. List of Permits and Rationale for Entry into SPAs and SSSIs. - VI. Prospectus of Planned Activities for Coming Reporting Period (1 April 90 - 31 March 91). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences. - VII. Future Activities Planned & Funded (beyond 31 March 91). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences. - VIII. Bibliography. - IX. List of Principal Investigators and Responsible Authorities.

Note: Wolkentafel für Wetterbeobachter auf See Seegangsbilder zur Schätzung der Beaufort-Windstärken nach dem Aussehen der See Schlüsseltafel für die Eintragungen der Wetterbeobachtungen auf See (2 Exemplare) Wetterübersicht-Tabelle Bord-Wetterkarte Nr. 1 (2 Exemplare) Bord-Wetterkarte Nr. 3 (2 Exemplare) Bord-Wetterkarte Nr. 4 (2 Exemplare) Bord-Wetterkarte Nr. 5 (2 Exemplare) Bord-Wetterkarte Nr. 9 (2 Exemplare) Bord-Wetterkarte Nr. 10 (2 Exemplare) Bord-Wetterkarte Nr. 11 (2 Exemplare) Der Kalte Januar 1977 in den USA Der Schneewinter 1968/69 und seine Konkurrenten in der Rückschau auf die vergangenen 5 Jahrzehnte Die Nordseeorkan-Wetterlage von 16./17. Februar 1962

Note: Diplomarbeit ausgeführt am Geographischen Institut der ETH Zürich, Abteilung für Naturwissenschaften

Note: Zugl.: Berlin, Freie Univ., Habil.-Schr.

Note: CONTENTS Page Preface Summary Introduction Temperature correction factors Crushing strength Tensile strength · Shear strength Torsional shear strength Work of disaggregation of snow Angle of internal friction and apparent unit cohesion Discussion of results References

Note: CONTENTS I. Introduction II. Instrumentation Recording of data III. Results Global radiation Albedo of snow Diffuse sky radiation Effect of clouds on radiation Atmospheric and terrestrial radiation Effect of low sun angle on measured radiation Global radiation gradient Atmospheric transmission coefficient Heat balance of snow cover Applied use of solar energy References. Appendix

Note: CONTENTS Preface Summary Introduction Results at Site 2 Discussion References

Note: Contents Julian A. Dowdeswell and James D. Scourse: Preface --- Julian A. Dowdeswell and James D. Scourse: On the description and modelling of glacimarine sediments and sedimentation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:1-13, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.01 --- G. S. Boulton: Sedimentary and sea level changes during glacial cycles and their control on glacimarine facies architecture / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:15-52, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.02 --- Ross D. Powell: Glacimarine processes at grounding-line fans and their growth to ice-contact deltas / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:53-73, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.03 --- Ellen A. Cowan and Ross D. Powell: Suspended sediment transport and deposition of cyclically interlaminated sediment in a temperate glacial fjord, Alaska, U.S.A. / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:75-89, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.04 --- Eugene W. Domack: Laminated terrigenous sediments from the Antarctic Peninsula: the role of subglacial and marine processes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:91-103, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.05 --- Robert Gilbert: Rafting in glacimarine environments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:105-120, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.06 --- Julian A. Dowdeswell and Tavi Murray: Modelling rates of sedimentation from icebergs / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:121-137, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.07 --- Paul R. Carlson, Terry R. Bruns, and Michael A. Fisher: Development of slope valleys in the glacimarine environment of a complex subduction zone, Northern Gulf of Alaska / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:139-153, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.08 --- Alec E. Aitken: Fossilization potential of Arctic fjord and continental shelf benthic macrofaunas / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:155-176, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.09 --- James P. M. Syvitski, K. William G. LeBlanc, and R. E. Cranston: The flux and preservation of organic carbon in Baffin Island fjords / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:177-199, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.10 --- Ian J. Fairchild and Baruch Spiro: Carbonate minerals in glacial sediments: geochemical clues to palaeoenvironment / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:201-216, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.11 --- C. M. T. Woodworth-Lynas and J. Y. Guigné: Iceberg scours in the geological record: examples from glacial Lake Agassiz / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:217-233, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.12 --- Jens Bischof, Joachim Koch, Michaela Kubisch, Robert F. Spielhagen, and Jörn Thiede: Nordic Seas surface ice drift reconstructions: evidence from ice rafted coal fragments during oxygen isotope stage 6 / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:235-251, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.13 --- Anders Solheim, Lars Russwurm, Anders Elverhøi, and Mona Nyland Berg: Glacial geomorphic features in the northern Barents Sea: direct evidence for grounded ice and implications for the pattern of deglaciation and late glacial sedimentation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:253-268, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.14 --- Tore O. Vorren, Erland Lebesbye, and Kjell B. Larsen: Geometry and genesis of the glacigenic sediments in the southern Barents Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:269-288, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.15 --- D. Huddart and J. D. Peacock: Early Holocene morainal bank sedimentology and marine ecology, Skjoldungebrae gorge, North Scoresby Land, East Greenland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:289-305, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.16 --- Rodney L. Stevens: Proximal and distal glacimarine deposits in southwestern Sweden: contrasts in sedimentation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:307-316, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.17 --- A. R. Lord: The Pleistocene—Holocene transition in Southwestern Sweden and the recognition of deglaciation effects in adjacent seas / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:317-328, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.18 --- J. D. Scourse, W. E. N. Austin, R. M. Bateman, J. A. Catt, C. D. R. Evans, J. E. Robinson, and J. R. Young: Sedimentology and micropalaeontology of glacimarine sediments from the Central and Southwestern Celtic Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:329-347, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.19 --- M. S. Stoker: Glacially-influenced sedimentation on the Hebridean slope, northwestern United Kingdom continental margin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:349-362, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.20 --- Carolyn H. Eyles and Martin B. Lagoe: Sedimentation patterns and facies geometries on a temperate glacially-influenced continental shelf: the Yakataga Formation, Middleton Island, Alaska / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:363-386, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.21 --- A. C. M. Moncrieff and M. J. Hambrey: Marginal-marine glacial sedimentation in the late Precambrian succession of East Greenland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 53:387-410, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1990.053.01.22

Note: Masterarbeit, University of Waterloo, 1990 , TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract Acknowledgements List of figures List of tables List of plates preamble CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1.2 LOCATION AND CLIMATE 1.3 GEOLOGICAL SETTING 1.3.1 Bedrock geology 1.3.2 Glacial history 1.3.2 Surficial geology 1.4 PREVIOUS RESEARCH AND PARALLEL STUDIES 1.5 SITE INVESTIGATIONS 1.5.1 Introduction 1.5.2 Water sampling methods 1.5.3 Piezometer methods 1.5.4 Measuring hydraulic conductivity 1.S.S Surface flow monitoring 1.5.6 Seepage meters 1.5.7 Coring and porewater squeezing 1.5.8 Frost table probing 1.5.9 Geological mapping 1.5.10 Weather records 1.5.11 Depth sounding 1.6 ANALYTICAL METHODS AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS 1.6.1 Sample collection, filtration, and alkalinity 1.6.2 Analytical methods 1.6.3 Quality of chemical analyses 1.6.4 Grain-size distributions and organic matter contents in till 1.6.5 Core logging and porewater squeezing 1.6.6 SEM examination of mineral weathering CHAPTER 2: HYDROLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY synopsis 2.1 INTRODUCTION 2.2 LOCATION AND CLIMATE 2.3 FIELD AND ANALYTICAL METHODS 2.3.1 Field methods 2.3.2 Analytical methods 2.4 SETTING 2.5 HYDROLOGY 2.5.1 Surface hydrology 2.5.2 Groundwater hydrology 2.5.2.1 Thawing of the active layer 2.5.2.2 Structure and composition of the active layer till 2.5.2.3 Groundwater flow 2.6 DISCUSSION 2.7 CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 3: A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF ISOTOPE HYDROLOGY AND GEOCHEMISTRY abstract 3.1 INTRODUCTION 3.2 STUDY AREA 3.3 ANALYTICAL METHODS 3.4 VEGETATION AND ACTIVE LAYER PROPERTIES 3.5 STABLE ISOTOPE DATA 3.6 WATER CHEMISTRY 3.7 SUMMARY CHAPTER 4: ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS OF EVAPORATION synopsis 4.1 INTRODUCTION 4.2 STUDY AREA 4.3 FIELD AND LABORATORY METHODS 4.3.1 Materials and field methods 4.3.2 Analytkal methods 4.4 THEORY 4.4.1 Theoretical development 4.4.2 Basis of this approach 4.5 PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA 4.6 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 4.7 CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 5: WATER BALANCE AND GEOCHEMICAL EVALUATIONS abstract 5.l INTRODUCTION 5.2 SETTING 5.3 ANALYTICAL METHODS 5.4 HYDROLOGY 5.5 WATER BALANCE CALCULATIONS 5.6 GEOCHEMISTRY 5.7 DISCUSSION 5.8 CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 6.1 SUMMARY OF CONCLUSIONS 6.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH References LIST OF APPENDICES A. Part A: Stable isotope analyses of water samples Part B: Tritium analyses Part C: Field geochemical measurements Part D: Major ion analyses of water samples B. GROUNDWATER SAMPLING FROM PIEZOMETERS C. RELIABILITY OF Eh MEASUREMENTS D. PIEZOMETER DESIGNS/INSTALLATION PROCEDURES Part A: 1988 Part B: 1989 E. HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY TESTING/DATA F. SURFACE FLOW MEASUREMENTS Part 1: Weir Part 2: Stream gauging G. SEEPAGE METER METHODS AND MEASUREMENTS H. CORING AND SQUEEZING METHODS I. CORE AND SOIL PIT DESCRIPTIONS J. LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS TO ADDRESS WATER QUALITY Part A: Duplicates, blanks, and comparative analyses Part B: Filtration experiment Part C: Dissolved organic carbon Part D: Carbon-13 K. CHEMICAL AND ISOTOPIC ANALYSES OF POREWATERS EXTRACTED FROM CORES L. SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF TILL M. WATER BALANCE THEORY

Note: Zugl.: Göttingen, Univ., Diss., 1990 , Inhaltsverzeichnis: I Verzeichnis der Abbildungen. - II Verzeichnis der Tabellen. - III Anhangsverzeichnis. - IV Anlagenverzeichnis. - 1 Einleitung. - 2 Die natürlichen Gegebenheiten. - 2.1 Die Lage. - 2.2 Klima. - 2.3 Geologie und Tektonik. - 2.4 Böden 2.5 Vegetation. - 3 Zur Landschaftsgeschichte des Untersuchungsgebietes. - 3.1 Morphodynamik des Hügel-Terrassen-Reliefs. - 3.1.1 Die Entstehung der Terrassenfolge. - 3.1.2 Morphadynamischer Zyklus im Bereich des Terrassenreliefs. - 3.1.3 Morphadynamischer Zyklus im Bereich des Hügelreliefs. - 3.2 Beschreibung der Reliefelemente. - 3.3 Versuch einer landschaftsgeschichtlichen Deutung. - 3.3.1 Zeitvorstellungen. - 4 Methodik. - 4.1 Die geomorphologische Karte. - 4.1.1 Transekte und Bodenprofile. - 4.2 Rodenanalysen. - 4.3 Ergebnisse. - 4.3.1 Die HCl-Reaktion. - 4.1.2 pH-Wert. - 4.3.3 CaCO3. - 4.4.4 C-Gehalt. - 4.4.5 N-Gehalt. - 4.4.6 Textur. - 5 Bodenklassifikation. - 5.1 Die Bodeneinheiten und Subeinheiten. - 5.2 Beschreibung und Verbreitung der Bodeneinheiten. - 5.2.1 Fluvisols. - 5.2.1.1 Calcaric Fluvisols. - 5.2.2 Regosols. - 5.2.2.1 Calcaric Regosols. - 5.2.2.2 Eutric Regosols. - 5.2.3 Leptasols. - 5.2.3.1 Rendzic Leptasols. - 5.2.3.2 Mollic Leptasols. - 5.2.3.3 Eutric Leptasols. - 5.2.4 Kastanozems. - 5.2.4.1 Verti-Calcic Kastanozems. - 5.2.4.2 Rubbi-Haplic Kastanozems. - 5.2.4.3 Haplic Kastanozems. - 5.2.5 Chernozems. - 5.2.5.1 Verti-Haplic Chernozems. - 5.2.5.2 Verti-Calcic Chernozems. - 5.2.5.3 Haplic Chernozems. - 5.2.6 Vertisols. - 5.2.6.1 Calcic Vertisols. - 5.3 Bodenmorphologie. - 6 Darstellung der untersuchten Transekte. - 6.1 Einleitung. - 6.2 Transektbeschreibungen. - 6.2.1 Transekt 8 'San Rafael'. - 6.2.2 Transekt 7 'Ojo de Agua'. - 6.2.3 Transekt 5 'El Mirador'. - 6.2.4 Transekt 1 'Microondas'. - 6.2.5 Transekt 10 'El Terreno'. - 6.2.6 Transekt 4 'Emiliano Zapata'. - 6.2.7 Transekt 3 'San Angel'. - 6.2.8 Transekt 9 "La Petaca-Guadalupe'. - 7 Die Verbreitung der Bodentypen anhand der geomorphologischen Karte. - 7.1 Einleitung. - 7.2 Die geomorphologischen Einheiten und ihre Bodenvergesellschaftungen. - 7.2.1 Die Vergesellschaftung im Kolinar C3 7.2.2 Die Vergesellschaftung im Kolinar C2. - 7.2.3 Die Vergesellschaftung im Kolinar C1 7.2.4 Die Vergesellschaftung auf der T5 Terrasse. - 7.2.5 Die Vergesellschaftung auf der T4 Terrasse. - 7.2.6 Die Vergesellschaftung auf der T3 Terrasse. - 7.2.7 Die Vergesellschaftung auf der T2 Terrasse. - 7.2.8 Die Vergesellschaftung auf der T1 Terrasse. - 8 Diskussion und Schlußfolgerungen. - 8.1 Vorstellungen von der regionalen Landschaftsgeschichte. - 8.2 Entstehung von Caliche-Schotterterrassen. - 8.2.1 Die Verbreitung von Caliche-Schotterterrassen. - 8.2.2 Entstehung von mit Caliche verhärteten Schotterterrassen. - 8.2.3 Versuch einer Deutung der calichierten Schotterterrassen. - 8.3 Komplex: Terrassen-Caliche-Klima. - 8.3.1 Paläoklimatische Hypothesen für Nordmexiko und S-USA. - 8.3.2 Deutung der Befunde in der Region anhand der klimatischen Hypothesen. - 8.4 Bodengenese. - 8.5 Bodenklassifikation und einheimische Bodenbezeichnungen. - 8.6 Die Landschaftstypen in der Region. - 9 Zusammenfassung. - 10 Literaturverzeichnis. - Anhang.

Note: SUMARIO: Presentación. - Hidrografía al borde del hielo entre las islas Elefante y las Orcadas del Sur durante el verano austral 1988- 1989 / F. G. Figueiras y F. F. Pérez. - Hidrografía de Admiralty Bay, isla King George, Antártida, al comienzo del verano austral de 1988-1989 / R. Prego, F. F. Pérez y F. G. Figueiras. - Saruracrón de oxigeno disuelto en las aguas Investigadas durante la campaña "Antártida 8611" / A. Alvarez Meneses. - Peces capturados durante la campaña "Antártida 8611" / J. Matallanas. - Edad y crecimiento de Notothenia gibberifrons (Lönnberg, 1905), en Georgia del Sur / M. T. García Santamaría y E. Balguerias. - Algunos datos sobre la distribución, abundancia y biología de Patagonotothen brevicauda guntheri (Norman, 1937) en Shag Rocks / E. Balguerias y M. E. Quintero. - Dos nuevas especies de picnogónidos antárticos / T. Munilla. - Distribución espacial del Krill (Euphasia superba; Dana, 1852), obtenida durante la campaña "Antártida 8611" / l. Sobrino. - Análisis de los porcentajes de hembras fecundadas de Krill (Euphasia superba; Dana, 1852), obtenidos durante la campaña "Antártida 8611" / I. Sobrino. - Primeros datos sobre la flora y vegetación liquénica de isla Livingston (islas Shetland del Sur, Antártida) / L. G. Sancho, L. Kappen y B. Schroeter. - lnvestigaciones ecofisiológicas en líquenes antárticos. Primeros datos sobre la actividad fotosintética de líquenes crustáceos "in situ" / L. Kappen, B Schroeter y L. G. Sancho. - Microclima y fotosíntesis neta de Usnea antarctica a partir de mediciones realizadas "in situ" en isla Livingston (islas Shetland del Sur, Antártida) / B. Schroeter, L. Kapen y L. G. Sancho. - Notas acerca de una colonia de nidificación de Cormoran carunculado del Antártico (Phalacrocorax atriceps) en Bahía Paraíso (península Antartrca) / J. Curt y A . Fernández Riestra. - Observación de cinco cisnes de cuello negro (Cygnus melanocoryphus) en la zona del Tratado Antártico / J. Curt. - Catálogo de ceráceos, pinnípedos y aves observados desde el buque oceanográfico "Las Palmas" durante las navegaciones efectuadas en la zona del Tratado Antártico y en sus destacamentos de las islas Shetland del Sur y estrecho de Bransfiel (25-I-89 a 1-III-89) / J. Curt. - Foraminíferos, biofacies e hidrodinámica sedimentaria en la Antártida / G. Mateu. - Actividad antimicrobiana de un nuevo monoterpeno del Plocamium cartilagineum de la península Antártica / J. Rovirosa, L. Sánchez, Y. Palacios, J. Darías y A. San Martín. - Aspectos taxonómicos de bacterias aisladas en la isla Livingston durante la campaña 1986-1987 / N. Bozal, J. G. Loren y J. Guinea. - Observaciones de NO2 y ozono en el interíor del Vértice Polar Antártico / M. Gil, J. Cacho, L. Acedo y M. J. Sainz de Aja. - Condiciones meteorológicas del agujero del ozono en la Antártida / J. M. Cisneros. - Altos valores de humedad relativa medidos en la estratosfera antártica / J . M. Cisneros. - Aproximación al estudio de fenómenos micrometeorológicos en la isla Decepción / J . Vira, M. Ramos y M. R. Soler. - Las campañas 1987-1988, 1988-1989 al sur del mar de Brandsfield. Resultados científicos / M. Catalán. - Las campañas geodésicas 1987- 1988, 1988-1989 en las Shetland del Sur / J. Ballesteros, M. Berrocoso, M. Catalán, F. Cruz. R. Estrada. J. M. Fernández López, A. Luján, J. Muñoz, J. Sánchez del Toro, J. C. Sastre, R. Soto y J. G. Viramonte. - Las observaciones GPS en la red antártica 1988-1989. El efecto del campo gravitatorio austral en la observación de satélites / M. Catalán y M. Berrocoso. - Origen y estructura de la isla Decepción (islas Shetland del Sur) / J. Martí, A . Baraldo y J. Rey. - Geoquímica de fluidos en la isla Decepción / A. Valentin, M. Martini y J. L. Diez Gil. - Los enclaves de las rocas volcánicas de terraza Kendall y Bahía Murature, isla Decepción, Shetland del Sur. Antártida / C. Risso, A . Aparicio y J. G. Viramonte. - Anomalías térmicas y balance de flujo disipado en la isla Decepción, Shetland del Sur / M. Ramos, R. Ortiz, J. L. Diez Gil y J. G. Viramonte. - Caracterización de algunos parámetros termodinámicos del suelo del volcán Decepción (Antártida) / M. Ramos, M. Domínguez y R. Ortiz. - Temblores volcánicos en Decepción. Origen y evolución / J. Vila, A. M. Correig, R. Ortiz y J. Batlló. - Detección de una capa de baja velocidad asociada a las últimas erupciones en Decepción / J. Vila, A. M. Correig, R. Maciá y R. Ortiz. - Interpretación preliminar de un ensayo de perfil sísmico de refracción en Port Foster (isla Decepción) / R. Ortiz, R. Boloix y E. Carreño. - Actividad sísmica en el entorno de la Base Antártica Española Juan Carlos I (islas Livingston y Decepción) / R. Ortiz, J. Vila y J. C. Sastre. - Estudio del campo magnético en Port Foster (isla Decepción) / A. García, J. G. Viramonte, J. Vila y J. M. lbáñez. - Perfiles magnéticos sobre el sistema de fracturas del sector noroeste de Decepción / J. G. Viramonte, M Ramos, A. García, C. Suazo y J. L. Díez Gil. - Anomalías magnéticas al sur del mar de Bransfield / J. Acosta, M. Catalán, J. L. Diez, J. M Fernández López, A. García, P. Herranz, R. Ortiz y J. C. Sastre. - Tectónica reciente en los depósitos submarinos de la bahía de Depción / J. Rey, J. R. de Andrés, J. M. Fernández López y C. Palomo. - Nuevos datos de sísmica continua por reflexión sobre la evolución geodinámica reciente del margen de las Shetland del Sur y estrecho de Bransfield / J. L. Sanz, J. Acosta y P. Herranz. - Perfiles sísmicos en las Shetland del Sur y estrecho de Bransfiel. Estructura y dinámica reciente / J. Acosta, M. Catalán, P. Herranz y J. L. Sanz. - Análisis estructural del hielo del glaciar Cazadora, cuantificación direccional de la anisotropia y predicción del drenaje subglaciar. Base Antártica Española Juan Carlos l. Isla Livingston (Shetland del Sur) / A. Erase, l. Antigüedad y M. Taylor. - Distribución vertical de isótopos estables (Deuterio y Oxígeno-18) en el hielo del glaciar Cazadora junto a la Base Antártica Española Juan Carlos l. Isla Livingston (Shetland del Sur) / A. Eraso, l. Antigüedad, R. Gonfiantini, L. Araguas, M Gómez Martos y J. A. López Geta. - Distribución vertical de algunos oligoelementos presentes en el glaciar Cazadora junto a la Base Antártica Española Juan Carlos l. Isla Livingston (Shetland del Sur) / A. Eraso, l. Antigüedad. A. llarri, J. A. López Geta y M. Gómez Martos. - Análisis mineralógico y por microsonda de las cenizas volcánicas existentes junto a la Base Antártica Española Juan Carlos l. Isla Livingston (Shetland del Sur) / A. Eraso, l. Antigüedad, P. Herrero, J. Arostegui. L Eguiluz, C. Quesada y A. Sánchez. - Diferentes tipologías de aguas encontradas en la proximidad de la Base Antártica Española Juan Carlos l. Isla Livingston (Shetland del Sur) / l. Antigüedad, A. Eraso y R. Fernández Rubio. - Correlación entre caudales drenados y parámetros hidroquimicos en el río de la Base Antártica Española Juan Carlos l. Isla Livingston (Shetland del Sur) / l. Antigüedad, A. Eraso y R. Fernández Rubio. - Caracteríscicas del hidrograma en función de los datos meteorológicos y elaboración de la curva de gastos del río de la Base Antártica Española Juan Carlos l. Isla Livingston (Shetland del Sur) / l. Antigüedad. A. Eraso, A. Mangín y R. Fernández Rubió. - Anteproyecto de construcción de un azud en la albufera fósil del sexto nivel de playa existente junto a la Base Antá rtica Española Juan Carlos l. Isla livingston (Shetland del Sur) / A. Eraso, A. Sánchez de Toro, R. Fernández Rubio y J. Presa. - Instrumentación Antártica, unidad automática de adquisición de datos para aplicación general. / R. Ortiz y E. Giménez. - Instrumentación Antártica. Red Sísmica Digital / R. Ortiz y J. Vila. - Experiencias térmicas realizadas sobre el comportamiento térmico del acero en condiciones polares (Polo Norte Geográfico) / J. Aguirre, M Ramos, P. D. Sanz y A. Sigot. - Estudio de fa resistencia térmica del traje polar prototipo "CM" e , Sprache der Zusammenfassung: Englisch

Note: Inhalt: Das unüberwindbare Eischaos. - Unterwegs auf dem eigenen Schatten. - Eine Stunde unter Menschen. - Der Blizzard greift an. - Frische Eisbärenspuren im Eis. - Lebensweg eines Abenteurers. - Begegnung im Nirgendwo. - Die Polfalle, Träume und immer wieder das Eislabyrinth. - Knapp am Tod vorbei. - Ein arktisches Rodeo. - Das weiße Tor am Schwarzen Fluß. - Im Zauberkreis des Nordpols.

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS ECOLOGY 1 Sea ice: its formation, distribution and properties 2 Ice-associated ecosystems 3 Ice diatoms 4 Techniques for sampling sea-ice algae 5 The Antarctic planktonic ecosystem 6 Some aspects of the large-scale physical oceanography of the Arctic Ocean influencing biological oceanography 7 Arctic planktonic ecosystems 8 Arctic plankton diatoms: dominant species, biogeography 9 The paleontological significance of fossil diatoms from the high-latitude oceans TAXONOMY 10 Key to diatom families and glossary 11 Family Thalassiosiraceae Section 1: the genera Skeletonema, Pororsira, Bacterosira, and Detonula and the genus Thalassiosira from the Arctic Section 2: the genus Thalassiosira from the Antarctic 12 Family Leptocylindraceae: the genus Corethron 13 Family Coscinodiscaceae: the genus Stellarima 14 Family Hemidiscaceae: the genera Actinocyclus and Azpeitia 15 Family Rhizosoleniaceae: the genera Rhizosolenia and Proboscia 16 Family Biddulphiaceae: the genus Eucampia 17 Family Diatomaceae: the genera Thalassiothrix and Trichotoxon 18 Family Naviculaceae: Arctic species of the genera Diploneis, Gyrosigma, Haslea, Navicula, Pinnularia, Pleurosigma, Stauroneis and Stenoneis 19 Family Naviculaceae: the genera Plagiotropis, Manguinea, Membraneis, and Banquisia 20 Family Naviculaceae: the genus Pseudogomphonema 21 Family Auriculaceae and Bacillariaceae: the genera Auricula, Hantzschia, and Nitzschia 22 Family Bacillariaceae: the genus Nitzschia section Pseudonitzschia 23 Family Bacillariaceae: the genus Nitzschia section Nitzschiella 24 Family Bacillariaceae: the genus Nitzschia section Fragilariopsis BIBLlOGRAPHY

Note: CONTENTS Page Preface Summary Introduction Ring tensile strength Flexural strength of small beams Flexural strength of inplace beams Crushing strength Shear strength Discussion of results References

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE LIST OF TABLES LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS INTRODUCTION Chapter I. APPLICATION OF ISOLINES FOR DEPICTING ASPECTS OF THE SNOW COVER Visual Problems Use of a simplified base map Other solutions Substantive Problems Observational errors Sampling errors Bias error Effect of reliability of data on isolines Conclusion The ''reasoned distribution'' Effects of substantive problems Conclusion II. DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER MEASURES, INDICES, AND METHODS FOR DEPICTING SNOW COVER CONDITIONS Examples of Possible Normal Indices of Snow Cover Average snow depth at end of the maximum month Average monthly snow depths by superimposed or located line graphs Time aspects Snowfall Selected Statistical Parameters of a Particular Value Extreme values Frequency values Measures of variability Conclusion III. SNOW REGIONS: AN APPROACH TO MAPPING SNOW COVER Snow Region Concept Descriptions of Snow Regions 1. Pacific Coast and Coastal Valley Region 2. The Mountain Zone 3. Great Plains Region 4. The Mackenzie-Manitoba Region 5. Upper Ontario Region 6. Northern Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Region 7. Labrador Region 8. The Northern Arctic Region 9. Ungava-Baffinland Region Conclusions IV. CURRENT SNOW DATA MAPS Introduction Ground Observer's Code Suggested code for "Ground Observer's Snow Report" Comments Symbols for a comprehensive station model Air Observation Code Comments Station Model for Aircraft Snow Observations A Simplified Snow Observation Report . Introduction Proposed code and symbols for station model based on Simplified Snow Observation Report Conclusion Chapter V. MAPPING SNOW DENSITY Introduction Limitations of Data for Mapping Available data Reliability of the data Natural variations in density Snow Density Maps of Eastern Canada Statistical Investigation of Density: Eastern Canada Test for area differences Estimating regional trends in density: Orthogonal polynomials Regional density changes during the winter Conclusions: Statistical investigations Estimating Snow Density from Meteorological Data Relation of density to wind speed and temperature Application of Dmitrieva's equation Conclusion VI. CONCLUSION Snow Cover Maps: Small Scale Compilations of Various Aspects of Their Parameters Preparation of Synoptic Current Snow Data Maps Snow Density Research Investigation of Drift and Erosional Surfaces Initiation of Systematic Collection and Recording of Snow Data Internationally Research Reports Based on Existing Literature .

Note: Preface Introduction Magmatic and hydrothermal processes in ore-bearing systems Judith L. Hannah and Holly J. Stein Theoretical and Experimental Studies Theoretical contraints on the chemistry of the magmatic aqueous phase Philip A. Candela Partitioning of F and Cl between magmatic hydrothermal fluids and highly evolved granitic magma James D. Webster and John R. Holloway Internal differentiation of rare-element pegmatites; A synthesis of recent research David London Fluorine-rich Granite-Rhyolite Systems The petrogenetic and metallogenetic significance of topaz granite from the southwest England orefield D.A.C. Manning and P. I. Hill The role of fluorine in the petrogenesis of magmatic segregations in the SL Francois volcano-plutonic terrane, southeastern Missouri P. I. Nabelek and C. Russ-Nabelek Melt inclusions in the quartz phenocrysts of rhyolites from Topaz and Keg Mountains, Thomas Range, Utah Christine Payette and Robert F. Martin Rare-metal enriched peralumininous rhyolites in a continental arc, Sierra Bianca area, Trans-Pecos Texas; Chemical modification by vapor-phase crystallization Jonathan G. Price, Jeffrey N. Rubin, Christopher D. Henry, Thomas L. Pinkston, Steven W. Tweedy, and David W. Koppenaal Tin and Tungsten-bearing Granitoids Comparative petrologic evolution of the Sn and W granites of the Fairbanks-Circle area, interior Alaska R. J. Newberry, L. E. Bums, S. E. Swanson, and T. E. Smith Mineralogical variation as a guide to the petrogenesis of the tin granites and related skarns, Seward Peninsula, Alaska Samuel E. Swanson, Rainer J. Newberry, Gary A. Coulter, and Thomas M. Dyehouse Geochemistry of highly fractionated I- and S-type granites from the tin-tungsten province of western Tasmania W. N. Sawka, M. T. Heizler, R. W. Kistler, and B. W. Chappell Genesis and fluid evolution of the East Kemptville greisen-hosted tin mine, southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada Jean M. Richardson, Keith Bell, David H. Watkinson, and John Blenkinsop Mica chemistry as an indicator of oxygen and halogen fugacities in the CanTung and other W-related granitoids in the North American Cordillera W. T. van Middelaar and J. D. Keith The Black Pearl mine, Arizona; Wolframite veins and stockscheider pegmatite related to an albitic stock Christopher Schmitz and Donald M. Burt Tin-bearing Rhyolites, Black Range, New Mexico Genesis of the rhyolite-hosted tin occurrences in the Black Range, New Mexico, as indicated by stable isotope studies Robert O. Rye, John L. Lufkin, and Michael D. Wasserman Eruptive fountains of silicic magma and their possible effects on the tin content of fountain-fed lavas, Taylor Creek Rhyolite, New Mexico Wendell A. Duffield Origin of Taylor Creek rhyolite magma, Black Range, New Mexico, based on Nd-Sr isotope studies Cadi Reece, Joaquin Ruiz, Wendell A. Duffield, and P. Jonathan Patchett Other Pre-Tertiary Granitoid Examples Petrogenesis of the Proterozoic rapakivi granites of Finland Ilmari Haapala and O. Tapani Rämö The Topsails igneous suite, western Newfoundland; Fractionation and magma mixing in an "orogenic" A-type granite suite Joseph B. Whalen and Kenneth L. Currie Anorogenic, bimodal emplacement of anorthositic, charnockitic, and related rocks in the Adirondack Mountains, New York James McLelland and Philip Whitney Geochemistry and metallogeny of Arizona peraluminous granitoids with reference to Appalachian and European occurrences Anne L. Shaw and John M. Guilbert Index

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD PREFACE LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES 1. NORTHERN HYDROLOGY: AN OVERVIEW 1.1. Introduction 1.2. Definition of "North" 1.2.1. Physical North 1.2.1.1. Polar Circles 1.2.1.2. Temperature 1.2.1.3. Snow/Ice Covers 1.2.1.4. Frozen Ground 1.2.1.5. Vegetation 1.2.1.6. Run-Off Direction 1.2.1.7. Composite Definition 1.2.1.8. Guideline Definition 1.3. Natural Landscape, Climate and Hydrology 1.3.1. General Landscape 1.3.2. Hydroclimatic Characteristics 1.3 .2.1. Precipitation/Snowcover 1.3.2.2. Drainage/Run-Off 1.3.2.3. Surface Storage 1.3.2.4. Permafrost 1.3.2.5. Ground Water 1.3.2.6. Evaporation/Evapotranspiration 1.3.2.7. Freshwater Ice Cover 1.3.2.8. Data-Collection Networks 1.4. Hydrological Classifications 1.4.1. Church (1974) Classification 1.4.1.1. Arctic-Nival 1.4.1.2. Subarctic-Nival 1.4.1.3. Proglacial 1.4.1.4. Muskeg 1.4.2. Network Classification 1.5. Development and Water Use 1.5.1. Historical Resource Development 1.5.2. Present Resources 1.5.2.1. Hydro-Power 1.5.2.2. Diversions 1.5.2.3. Mining 1.5.2.4. Oil and Gas 1.6. Evolving Issues 1.6.1. Northem Pollution 1.6.2. Global Change Effects 1.6.2.1. Precipitation/Snow/Glaciers 1.6.2.2. Floating Ice 1.6.2.3. Permafrost 1.6.2.4. Other 1.6.3. Monitoring Global Change 1.7. Reflections 2. SNOW HYDROLOGY 2.1. Introduction 2.1.1. Basic Processes 2.1.1.1. Atmospheric Processes 2.1.1.2. Snowcover Formation 2.1.1.3. Snowmelt Run-Off Processes 2.1.1.4. Snowcover Chemistry 2.1.2. Geographical Variations 2.1.2.1. Snowfall 2.1.2.2. Snowcover 2.1.2.3. Nival Streamflow Regimes 2.1.3. Relationship to Other Hydrological Variables 2.2. Historical Background 2.2.1. Snowfall 2.2.2. Snowcover Properties 2.2.3. Snowmelt Run-Off 2.3. Current Research 2.3.1. Blowing Snow 2.3.2. Meltwater Infiltration 2.3.3. Water Flux Through Cold Snowcovers 2.3.4. Remote Sensing 2.3.5. Snow Chemistry 2.3.6. Snow/Ground Interface Temperature 2.3.7. Snow Radiative Properties 2.4. Future Research Needs 2.4.1. Snowfall 2.4.2. Snowcover 2.4.3. Snowmelt 2.4.4. Snowmelt Run-Off 2.4.5. Removal of Solutes from Melting Snowcovers 3. PERMAFROST HYDROLOGY 3.1. Introduction 3.2. Historical Background 3.2.1. Streamflow Studies 3.2.2. Water-Balance Studies 3.2.3. Hillslope Hydrological Studies 3.2.4. Studies of Lake and Wetland Hydrology 3.3. Recent Trends 3.4. Current Research 3 .4.1. Coupling Snowmelt, Infiltration and Soil Moisture 3.4.2. Hydrological Modelling 3.5. Future Research Needs 3.5.1. Regional Hydrology 3.5.2. Climatic Change and Permafrost Hydrology 3.5.2.1. Application of Spatial Analogues 3.5.2.2. Application of Climatic Variability Analogues 3.5.2.3. Use of Simulation Models 4. GROUND-WATER HYDROLOGY 4.1. Introduction 4.1.1. Permafrost 4.1.2. Properties of Frozen Ground and Permafrost 4.1.2.1. Ice and Water Contents 4.1.2.2. Hydraulic Conductivity 4.1.3. Effects on Water Chemistry 4.1.3.1. Low Temperatures 4.1.3.2. Permafrost 4.2. Aquifers in Permafrost Areas 4.2.1. Position Relative to Permafrost 4.2.2. Suprapermafrost Aquifers 4.2.2.1. Subtype I Aquifers 4.2.2.2. Subtype II and III Aquifers 4.2.2.3. Chemical composition of suprapermafrost water 4.2.3. Intrapermafrost Aquifers 4.2.3.1. Open Taliks 4.2.3.2. Lateral Taliks 4.2.3.3. Isolated Taliks 4.2.3.4. Chemical Composition of Intrapermafrost Water 4.2.4. Subpermafrost Aquifers 4.2.4.1. Unconsolidated Deposits 4.2.4.2. Sedimentary Bedrock 4.2.4.3. Karst 4.2.4.4. Igneous and Metamorphic Terrain 4.2.4.5. Chemical Composition of Subpermafrost Water 4.3. Ground-Water Hydrology 4.3.1. Comparison with Non-Permafrost Areas 4.3.2. Infiltration and Ground-Water Recharge 4.3.3. Lateral Movement of Ground Water 4.3.4. Discharge of Ground Water 4.3.4.1. Springs 4.3.4.2. Base Flow 4.3.4.3. Icings 4.3.4.4. Ground-Water Discharge Rates from Icing Volumes 4.3.4.5. Chemical Composition of Icings and Meltwater 4.3.5. Importance of Ground Water 4.3.5.1. Fisheries 4.3.5.2. Vegetation 4.3.5.3. Water Supply 4.3.5.4. Recreation and Space Heating 4.4. Historical Background 4.4.1. Pre-1970 Situation 4.4.2. Recent Advances 4.4.3. Agencies Involved in Recent Research 4.4.4. Incentives for Recent Research 4.5. Current Research 4.6. Future Research Needs 4.6.1. Major Unknowns 4.6.2. Subjects Requiring Research 4.6.3. Future Incentives for Ground-Water Research 4.6.4. Major Impediments 5. HYDROLOGY OF FLOATING ICE 5.1. Introduction 5.2. Ice Processes on Rivers and Lakes: an Overview 5.3. Historical Background 5.3.1. Floods and High Stages 5.3.2. Low Flow 5.3.3. Flow Duration 5.3.4. Flow Measurement 5.4. Current Research 5.4.1. Ice Jams, Break-Up and Freeze-Up 5.4.2. Low Flows 5.4.3. Flow Duration 5.4.4. Flow Measurement 5.5. Future Research Needs 5.5.1. Ice Jams, Break-Up and Freeze-Up 5.5.2. Low Flows 5.5.3. Continuous Simulation 5.5.4. Flow Measurement 5.6. New Research Approaches 5.7. Conclusion 5.8. Acknowledgements 6. GLACIER HYDROLOGY 6.1. Introduction 6.2. Glacier Hydrology: an Overview 6.2.1. Run-Off 6.2.2. Local Variability in Climatic Inputs 6.2.3. Regional Variability 6.2.4. Temporal Variability in Climatic Inputs 6.2.5. Glacier Outburst Floods 6.2.6. Distribution and Characteristics of Canadian Glaciers 6.3. Process and Regional Examples 6.3.1. Typical Run-off Components from a Glacierized Catchment 6.3.2. Western Cordilleran Example - Peyto Glacier 6.3.3.1. Basin Description 6.3.3.2. Meteorological Inputs and Snow-Line Movement 6.3.3.3. Internal Hydrology of the Glacier 6.3.3.4. Specific Yield within the Basin 6.3.3.5. The Resultant Hydrographs 6.3.3.6. Detailed Interrelationship (1970/74) 6.3.4. High-Arctic Example - White Glacier 6.4. A History of Glacier Hydrology Studies 6.4.1. Studies in the Western Cordillera 6.4.2. The Arctic lslands 6.4.3. Studies in the Yukon 6.4.4. Studies in Labrador 6.4.5. The International Hydrological Decade 6.4.6. International Hydrological Programme 6.5. The Main Achievements of Hydrology Studies in Glacierized Basins 6.5.1. Basic Description of Resources 6.5.2. Achievements in Glacier Mass Balance 6.5.3. Achievements in Glacier-Run-Off Studies 6.5.3.1. Meltwater Generation 6.5.3.2. Glacier Outburst Floods 6.5.3.3. Models of Basin Run-Off 6.5.4. Achievements in Surveying and Remote Sensing 6.6. The Future 7. WATER-QUALITY RESEARCH 7.1. Introduction 7 .2. Historical Background 7.2.1. Activities Prior to 1969 7.2.2. Overview ofN.W.T. Water-Quality Network Data 7.2.3. Mackenzie River Basin 7.2.4. Yukon River Basin 7.2.5. Limnological Research Activities near Resolute, Cornwallis Island and at Saqvaqjuac 7.3. Current Research - Long-Range Atmospheric Transport and Deposition 7.4. Future Research Needs 7.5. Acknowledgements 8. THE REGIONAL ENERGY BALANCE 8.1. Introduction 8.1.1. Basic Processes 8.1.2. Regional Variations 8.1.3. Relationship to Other Hydrological Variables 8.1.4. Importance to the Northern Environment 8.2. Historical Background 8.2.1. Subarctic 8.2.2. Arctic Tundra 8.2.3. Glacierized Basins 8.3. Current Research 8.4. Future Research Needs 9. REGIONAL HYDROLOGY 9.1. Introduction 9.2. Hydrological Regions 9.2.1. Shawinigan Engineering Studies 9.2.2 Acres Consulting Services Ltd 9 .2.2.1. Annual Yield 9.2.2.2. Low Flow 9.2.2.3. Floods 9.2.3. Joint DOE-DIAND Studies 9.2.4. 1985-86 IWD Network Evaluation in Western and Northern Region 9.2.5 The Maekenzie River Basin Flow Model 9.3. River Elements in the Northern Hydrological Cycle 9.3.1. Snowfall Components 9.3.2. Ice Proeesses and Northem Streamflow 9.3.2.1. The Freeze-Up 9.3.2.2. Midwinter Flows 9.3.2.3. Streamflow in the Annual Break-Up 9.4. Northern Streamflow Data Collection 9.5. Conclusions 10. WATER MANAGEMENT NORTH OF 60° 10.1. lntroduction 10.2. Legislative Framework 10.3. Water Boards 10.4. Licensing and Authorization 10.4.1. Lieensing 10.4.2. Authorization 10.5. Enforcement 10.6. Data Collection 10.6.1. Water Quantity 10.6.2. Water Quality 10.6.3. Preeipitation 10.7. Planning 10.7.1. Comprehensive Planning 10.7.2. Integrated Planning 10.8. Major Ma

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1 Einleitung. - 1.1 Entwicklung der Sprache FORTRAN 77. - 1.2 Erzeugung von ausführbaren Programmen. - 1.3 Bemerkungen zur Notation. - 2 Programmiertechniken. - 2.1 Programmplanung. - 2.2 Qualitätsanforderungen. - 3 Grundelemente von FORTRAN 77. - 3.1 Grundsymbole und Bezeichner. - 3.2 Aufbau eines FORTRAN 77-Programms. - 3.2.1 Aufbau einer Programmeinheit. - 3.2.2 Codierung einer Programmzeile. - 3.2.3 Beispiele zu den einzelnen Zeilenarten. - 3.3 Die Standardtypen. - 3.3.1 Der Standardtyp INTEGER. - 3.3.2 Der Standardtyp REAL. - 3.3.3 Der Standardtyp DOUBLE PRECISION. - 3.3.4 Der Standardtyp COMPLEX. - 3.3.5 Der Standardtyp LOGICAL. - 3.3.6 Der Standardtyp CHARACTER. - 3.3.7 Der Zeichenkettentyp. - 3.4 Variablen der Standardtypen. - 3.4.1 Vorbemerkungen. - 3.4.2 Vereinbarungen. - 3.4.3 Typ Vereinbarungen. - 3.4.4 Konstantendefinitionen. - 3.4.5 Vereinbarung von Feldern. - 3.5 Ausdrücke in den Standardtypen. - 3.5.1 Allgemeine Regeln zur Formelauswertung. - 3.5.2 Arithmetischer Ausdruck. - 3.5.3 Logischer Ausdruck. - 3.5.4 Zeichenkettenausdruck. - 3.5.5 Einschränkungen für die Standardfunktionen. - 3.5.6 Beispiel zur Darstellung von Ausdrücken. - 4 Elementare Anweisungen. - 4.1 Statisches und dynamisches Programmende. - 4.2 Wertzuweisungen. - 4.3 Bedingte Anweisungen. - 4.3.1 Die logische IF-Anweisung. - 4.3.2 Die Block-IF-Anweisung. - 4.4 Sprunganweisungen. - 4.4.1 Einfache Sprunganweisung. - 4.4.2 Arithmetische IF-Anweisung. - 4.4.3 Berechnete Sprunganweisung. - 4.4.4 Gesetzte Sprunganweisung. - 4.4.5 Markenzuweisung. - 4.5 Ein-/Ausgabeanweisungen. - 4.5.1 Die READ-Anweisung. - 4.5.2 Die WRITE-Anweisung. - 4.5.3 Die PRINT-Anweisung. - 4.6 Schleifen. - 4.7 Programmbeispiele. - 4.7.1 Elektrischer Widerstand eines Leiters. - 4.7.2 Impedanz einer RL-Reihenschaltung. - 4.7.3 Reihenentwicklung einer Funktion. - 4.7.4 Berechnung der Zahl e. - 4.7.5 Lösung einer quadratischen Gleichung. - 4.7.6 Berechnungen zum schiefen Wurf. - 5 Unterprogramme. - 5.1 Formelfunktionen. - 5.2 Functions. - 5.3 Subroutines. - 5.4 Bemerkungen zur Unterprogrammtechnik. - 6 Ein-/Ausgabeformate. - 6.1 Formate für numerische Daten. - 6.1.1 Formate für Variablen vom Typ INTEGER. - 6.1.2 Formate für Festpunktdarstellung. - 6.1.3 Formate für Gleitpunktdarstellung. - 6.1.4 Formate für normierte Festpunktdarstellung. - 6.1.5 Formate für Variablen vom Typ COMPLEX. - 6.2 Formate für nichtnumerische Daten. - 6.2.1 Formate für Variablen vom Typ LOGICAL. - 6.2.2 Formate für Zeichenketten. - 6.2.3 Weitere Formatierungsmöglichkeiten. - 6.3 Hinweise zu den Formatvereinbarungen. - 7 Speicherplatzverwaltung. - 7.1 Grundüberlegungen. - 7.2 Datenaustausch. - 7.3 Initialisierung von Variablen. - 7.3.1 Die DATA-Anweisung. - 7.3.2 BLOCK DATA-Programmeinheiten. - 8 Dateiverwaltung. - 8.1 Zugriff auf externe Dateien. - 8.2 Die OPEN-Anweisung. - 8.3 Die CLOSE-Anweisung. - 8.4 Schreiben und Lesen von externen Dateien. - 8.5 Positionierung sequentieller Dateien. - 8.6 Ermitteln von Dateieigenschaften. - 8.7 Interne Dateien. - 9 Ergänzungen zur Programmierung. - 9.1 Spracherweiterungen. - 9.1.1 Strukturanweisungen. - 9.1.2 Erweiterte Vereinbarungen. - 9.1.3 Sonstige Erweiterungen. - 9.1.4 Zusätzliche Functions. - 9.1.5 Zusätzliche Subroutines. - 9.2 Geplante Spracherweiterungen. - 9.3 Häufige Fehler. - 9.3.1 Fehlermeldungen des Compilers. - 9.3.2 Fehlermeldungen des Betriebssystems. - 9.4 Änderungen zu FORTRAN IV. - A Ausgewählte Beispiele. - A.1 Inversion einer Zeichenkette. - A.2 Häufigkeit eines Zeichens. - A.3 Dateistatistik. - A.4 Umwandlung von Zeichenfolgen. - A.5 Darstellung eines Funktionsgraphen. - A.6 Numerische Integration. - A.7 Sprungantwort eines PID-Reglers. - B Übersicht über die FORTRAN 77-Anweisungen.

Note: In schwedischer Sprache

Note: Contents: Introduction. - Legend. - Chapter 1. Basic Directions of Snow and Ice Thermal Physics Study. - 1. Analysis of traditional theoretical and experimental methods. - 2. New methodological point of view on the thermal physics of snow-ice masses. - 3. Conditions of initial data. - 4. Complex heat transfer within the system "space-atmosphere-earth surface". - 5. Optical and thermophysical properties of snow and ice. - Chapter 2. General Statement of the Problem of Radiative Thermophysics. - 1. Absorption and scattering of light in optical-heterogeneous media. - 2. Optical phenomenological models and parameters of radiation transfer in light-scattering media (LSM). - 3. Distribution of absorbed radiation flux in the unlimited layer of LSM. - 4. Optical models and snow and ice characteristics as LSM ones. - 5. Influence of boundary conditions upon thermal regime of lightscattering snow-ice layer. - 6. Statements of basic problems of radiative thermal physics of snow and ice. - Chapter 3. Thermal Regime of Snow-Ice Cover. - 1. Estimation of heat processes characteristics of snow-ice covers. - 2. Oscillating external sources. - 3. Radiative-conductive mechanism of snow and ice heating. - 4. Thermal regime of combined snow-ice layers. - 5. Melting in snow-ice media under conditions of radiative heat transfer. - 6. Thermo-radiative heating and balance of the upper part of active layer of antarctic snow-ice covers. - Chapter 4. The Model of Metamorphic Evolution of Snow and Ice. - 1. Influence of radiation fluxes upon icy crystals of snow cover. - 2. Mechanism of sublimation under forming of snow cover. - 3. Phenomenological picture of sublimation in snow medium. - 4. The model of radiative-thermal regime under sublimation. - 5. Thermal regime of snow and ice under conditions of evaporation and condensation. - 6. On nature of snow and ice metamorphism. - Chapter 5. Radiative Thermophysics of Snow-Ice Masses in Practical utilization. - 1. Heat regime of snow-ice cover under thermoregulative film. - 2. Influence upon surface melting of glaciers. - 3. Antarctic experiments on artificial increase of ablation. - 4. Artificial increase of ablation control. - 5. Ecological aspects of artificial increase of ablation. - 6. Cooling in polar regions. - Chapter 6. Thermophysics of Antarctic Lakes. - 1. Natural conditions of oases. - 2. Types of antarctic lakes. - 3. One-dimensional heat problem. - 4. Simplification of the model. - 5. Thermal regime of fresh and saline lakes. - 6. Phenomenon of fresh-saline stratified lakes. - 7. Stationary model including mass transfer. - 8. Thermal regime of fresh-saline lake Vanda. - Chapter 7. Space Glaciology. - 1. Ice in Solar system. - 2. Radiative thermophysics of ice under cosmic conditions. - 3. Ice of cometary nuclei. - 4. Heat-balance models of 'radiative thermophysics of cometary nuclei. - Conclusion. - References. - Index. , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS Preface Nomenclature Introduction Background Field experiments Test location and test sites Test vehicles Test procedures Results CIV traction and motion resistance Wheels/trackcs vehicles traction and motion resistance Shear annulus device Accuracy and limitations of data Snow conditons Analysis Determination of snow strength parameters Traction analysis Traction model predictions Resistance analysis Resistance model predictions Conclusions and recommendations Literature cited Appendix A: Shallow snow mobility model, version 1.0 Appendix B: Test vehicle data Appendix C : Selected test data Appendix D : Snow data Appendix E: Shallow snow mobility model code, version 2.0 Abstract

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitende Übersicht 2. Nationale und internationale Zusammenarbeit 3. Forschungsarbeiten 3.1 Expeditionen 3.1.1 Arktisreise ARK V (April -August 1988) 3.1.2 Antarktisreise ANT VII (September 1988 - April 1989, EPOS: Die erste europäische Antarktisexpedition) 3.1.3 Arktisreise ARK VI (April - Juli 1989) 3.1.4 Antarktisreise ANT VII, 1-4 (August -Dezember 1989) 3.2 Arbeitsberichte der Sektionen 3.2.1 Biologie I (Zoologie) 3.2.2 Biologie II (Botanik und Mikrobiologie) 3.2.3 Chemie 3.2.4 Geologie 3.2.5 Geophysik 3.2.6 Physik des Ozeans und der Atmosphäre I (Feldstudien) 3.2.7 Physik des Ozeans und der Atmosphäre II (Modelle) 3.2.8 Meeresphysik und Meßwesen 3.3 Ausgewählte Forschungsthemen 4. Logistik 4.1 Antarktisstationen 4.2 Neubauprojekte 4.3 FS "Polarstern" und FS "Victor Hensen" 4.4 Polarflugzeuge und Hubschrauber 4.5 Allgemeine Logistik 4.6 Ingenieurprojekte 4.7 Internationale Einbindung 5. Zentrale Einrichtungen 5.1 Öffentlichkeitsarbeit 5.2 Bibliothek 5.3 Rechenzentrum 6. Personeller Aufbau und Entwicklung 6.1 Personal 6.2 Haushalt Anhang I Personal II Wissenschaftliche Veranstaltungen III Publikationen IV Veröffentlichungen V Abgeschlossene Examensarbeiten VI "Polarstern"-Expeditionen

Note: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.

Note: Masterarbeit, Queen's University (Kingston, Ont.), 1990 , TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ACKOWLEDGEMENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose of Study 1.2 Site Description 1.2.1 Climate 1.2.2 Geology 1.2.3 Late Cenozoic Evolution of the Queen Elizabeth Islands 1.2.4 Origin of Colour Lake 1.2.5 Lake and Basin Morphometry and Morphology CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 General Arctic Limnology 2.1.1 Thermal Regimes and Circulation 2.1.2 Biological Limnology 2.2 Sedimentation in Arctic Lakes 2.2.1 Sedimentary Processes 2.2.2 Deposits 2.3 Phycology and Paleophycology of High Arctic Lakes CHAPTER 3: METHODS 3.1 Basin Factors 3.1.1 Weather 3.1.2 Stream Sampling 3.1.3 Snowmelt, Depth of Ground Thaw, and Soil parameters 3.1.4 Measurement of Mass Wasting 3.2 General Limnology 3.3 Sediment Sampling and Analysis 3.3.1 Sediment Collection 3.3.2 Sediment Analysis 3.3.3 Microfossil Analysis 3.3.3.1 Diatoms and Chrysophytes 3.3.3.2 Chironomids CHAPTER 4: RESULTS 4.1 Basin Factors 4.1.1 Weather 4.1.2 Stream Discharge and Water Quality 4.1.3 Snow, Active Layer Thickness, and Soil Parameters 4.1.4 Mass Wasting 4.1.4.1 Gelifluction survey 4.1.4.2 Mudflows and other Observations 4. 2 Limnology 4.2.1 General Limnology - 1987 4.2.1.1 Lake Temperature 4.2.1.2 Lake Chemistry 4.2.1.3 Water Stage 4.2.1.4 Suspended Sediment 4.2.1.5 Algae 4.2.2 General Limnology - 1988 4.3 Sedimentology 4.3.1 Surficial Sediments 4.3.1.1 Structure and Grain Size 4.3.1.2 Organic Matter 4.3.1.3 Microfossils 4.3.2 Long Cores 4.3.2.1 Structure and Grain Size 4.3.2.2 Organic Matter 4.3.2.3 Dating 4.3.2.4 Microfossils CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION 5.1 Basin Factors 5.1.1 Inflows 5.1.2 Mass Wasting 5.1.2.1 Rates of Soil Movement 5.1.2.2 Gelifluction as a Sediment Source 5.2 Limnology 5.3 Sedimentology 5.3.1 Recent Sedimentary Environment 5.3.2 Late Holocene Sedimentary Environment 5.3.2.1 Signal from Alluvial Fan River 5.3.2.2 Signal from Gelifluction 5.3.2.3 Signal from Lake Ice Cover 5.2.3.4 General Sedimentology 5.2.3.5 Paleophycology 5.3.3 Modelling Colour Lake Sedimentology . CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES APPENDIX A: CORRECTION OF TALL BURIED STAKES APPENDIX B: TEST OF EFFECT OF IGNITION BEFORE SEDIGRAPHING APPENDIX C: DIATOM SPECIES LIST APPENDIX D: SEDIMENT VOLUME IN A SMALL MUDFLOW APPENDIX E: ICE RECORD VITA

Note: Teils mit Jg.-Zählung , In kyrill. Schr

Note: Chinese and English.

Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.

Note: Table of Contents: Preface. - 1.0 Introduction. - 2.0 Geo-referenced data base. - 3.0 Polar stereographic elevation grid. - 4.0 Goid grid. - Tables. - Appendix. - References.

Note: Beiträge teilweise Deutsch, teilweise Englisch, teilweise Spanisch

Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG

Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG

Note: Dissertation, Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 1990

Note: Zugl.: Hamburg, Univ., Diss., 1990

Note: 5 Karten