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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy  (4)
  • 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.01. Solar-terrestrial interaction  (3)
  • American Geophysical Union  (7)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • Copernicus
  • Institute of Physics
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
  • Wiley
  • 2015-2019  (7)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
  • 2015  (7)
  • 1991
  • 1974
  • 1972
  • 1971
  • 1970
  • 1952
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2015-2019  (7)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
Year
  • 2015  (7)
  • 1991
  • 1974
  • 1972
  • 1971
    • +
  • 1
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    Finite-difference P wave travel time seismic tomography of the crust and uppermost mantle in the Italian region (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present a 3-D P wave velocity model of the crust and shallowest mantle under the Italian region, that includes a revised Moho depth map, obtained by regional seismic travel time tomography. We invert 191,850 Pn and Pg wave arrival times from 6850 earthquakes that occurred within the region from 1988 to 2007, recorded by 264 permanent seismic stations. We adopt a high-resolution linear B-spline model representation, with 0.1􏰂 horizontal and 2 km vertical grid spacing, and an accurate finite-difference forward calculation scheme. Our nonlinear iterative inversion process uses the recent European reference 3-D crustal model EPcrust as a priori information. Our resulting model shows two arcs of relatively low velocity in the crust running along both the Alps and the Apennines, underlying the collision belts between plates. Beneath the Western Alps we detect the presence of the Ivrea body, denoted by a strong high P wave velocity anomaly. We also map the Moho discontinuity resulting from the inversion, imaged as the relatively sharp transition between crust and mantle, where P wave velocity steps up to values larger than 8 km/s. This simple condition yields an image quite in agreement with previous studies that use explicit representations for the discontinuity. We find a complex lithospheric structure characterized by shallower Moho close by the Tyrrhenian Sea, intermediate depth along the Adriatic coast, and deepest Moho under the two mountain belts.
    Description: Published
    Description: 69-88
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: seismic tomography ; body waves ; computational seismology ; Moho topography ; Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Magnetic field fluctuation features at Swarm's altitude: a fractal approach (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The ESA Swarm mission provides a qualitatively new level of observational geomagnetic data, \textbf{which allows us to study the spatial features of magnetic field fluctuations}, capturing their essential characteristics and at the same time establishing a correlation with the dynamics of the systems responsible for the fluctuations. Our study aims to characterize changes in the scaling properties of the geomagnetic field's spatial fluctuations by evaluating the local Hurst exponent, and to construct maps of this index \textbf{at the Swarm's altitude ($\sim460$ km)}. Since a signal with a larger Hurst exponent is more regular and less erratic than a signal with a smaller one, the maps permit us to localize spatial structures characterized by different scaling properties. This study is an example of the potential of Swarm data to give new insights into ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling; at the same time, it develops new applications where changes in statistical parameters can be used as a local indicator of overall magnetospheric-ionospheric coupling conditions.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3100–3105
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: rapid time variations ; ionosphere-magnetosphere interaction ; turbulence ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.01. Solar-terrestrial interaction
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    New insights into crustal structure, Cenozoic magmatism, CO2 degassing and seismogenesis in the southern Apennines and Irpinia region from local earthquake tomography (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: We present high-resolution Vp and Vp/Vs models of the southern Apennines (Italy) computed using local earthquakes recorded from 2006 to 2011 with a graded inversion scheme that progressively resolves the crustal structure, from the large scale of the Apennines belt to the local scale of the normal-fault system. High-Vp bodies defined in the upper and mid crust under the external Apennines are interpreted as extensive mafic intrusions revealing anorogenic magmatism episodes that broadened on the Adriatic domain during Paleogene. Under the mountain belt, a low-Vp region, annular to the Neapolitan volcanic district, indicates the existence of a thermal/fluid anomaly in the mid crust, coinciding with a shallow Moho and diffuse degassing of deeply derived CO2. In the belt axial zone, low Vp/Vs gas-pressurized rock volumes under the Apulian carbonates correlate to high heat flow, strong CO2-dominated gas emissions of mantle origin and shallow carbonate reservoirs with pressurized CO2 gas caps. We hypothesize that the pressurized fluid volumes located at the base of the active fault system influence the rupture process of large normal-faulting earthquakes, like the 1980 Mw6.9 Irpinia event, and that major asperities are confined within the high-Vp Apulian carbonates. This study confirms once more that pre-existing structures of the Pliocene Apulian belt controlled the rupture propagation during the Irpinia earthquake. The main shock broke a 30 km long, NE-dipping seismogenic structure, whereas delayed ruptures (both the 20 s and the 40 s sub-events) developed on antithetic faults, reactivating thrust faults located at the eastern edge of the Apulian belt.
    Description: Published
    Description: 8283–8311
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: embargoed_20150609
    Keywords: The velocity structure of the southern Apennines is determined by a multi-scale tomography ; Large Cenozoic mafic intrusions are identified in the Apulian crust ; Pressurized CO2 reservoirs identified under the axial belt can affect crustal seismicity ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.01. Earthquake faults: properties and evolution ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.03. Earthquake source and dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.02. Geodynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.01. Geochemical data ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.02. Seismological data
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Two-dimensional seismic attenuation images of Stromboli Island using active data (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this work we present intrinsic and scattering seismic attenuation 2-D images of Stromboli Volcano. We used 21,953 waveforms from air gun shots fired by an oceanographic vessel and recorded at 33 inland and 10 ocean bottom seismometer seismic stations. Coda wave envelopes of the filtered seismic traces were fitted to the energy transport equation in the diffusion approximation, obtaining a couple of separate Qi and Qs in six frequency bands. Using numerically estimated sensitivity kernels for coda waves, separate images of each quality factor were produced. Results appear stable and robust. They show that scattering attenuation prevails over intrinsic attenuation. The scattering pattern shows a strong concordance with the tectonic lineaments in the area, while an area of high total attenuation coincides with the zone where most of the volcanic activity occurs. Our results provide evidence that the most important attenuation effects in volcanic areas are associated with the presence of geological heterogeneities.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1717–1724
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Attenuation Tomography ; Seismic scattering ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
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    On the local Hurst exponent of geomagnetic field fluctuations: spatial distribution for different geomgnetic activity levels (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This study attempts to characterize the spatial distribution of the scaling features of the short time scale magnetic field fluctuations obtained from 45 ground based geomagnetic observatories distributed in the northern hemisphere. We investigate the changes of the scaling properties of the geomagnetic field fluctuations by evaluating the local Hurst exponent and reconstruct maps of this index as a function of the geomagnetic activity level. These maps permit us to localize the different latitudinal structures responsible for disturbances and related to the ionospheric current systems. We find that the geomagnetic field fluctuations associated with the different ionospheric current systems have different scaling features, which can be evidenced by the local Hurst exponent. We also find that, in general, the local Hurst exponent for quiet magnetospheric periods is higher than that for more active periods suggesting that the dynamical processes that are activated during disturbed times are responsible for changes in the nature of the geomagnetic field fluctuations.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2691–2701
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Scaling features of geomagnetic spatiotemporal fluctuations at Earth's surface ; Change of the geomagnetic fluctuation scaling properties with activity level ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.01. Solar-terrestrial interaction
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    On the reliability of the Spatial Scintillation Index to detect earthquake precursors in the ionosphere (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The scientific literature includes many reports of ionospheric phenomena that are retrospectively identified prior to seismic events. These disturbances of the Earth’s ionosphere are considered to be possible precursors of the impending earthquakes. However, a causal relationship between ionospheric phenomena and earthquakes has never been definitively demonstrated and attempts at identifying precursory effects in the ionosphere have been called into question by several studies [see, e.g., Masci and Thomas, 2014; Masci et al., 2014]. Among the candidate indicators of ionospheric precursors there is the Spatial Scintillation Index (SSI) proposed by Pulinets et al. [2007]. The usefulness of this index in the search for precursory effects of earthquakes has been criticized by Thomas et al. [2012] and Masci [2013]. In a recent report, Pulinets and Davidenko [2014] attempt to briefly respond to the remarks of these researchers. Here we cast doubt that Pulinets and Davidenko [2014] have shown that SSI is a reliable indicator of precursory effects of earthquakes in the ionosphere.
    Description: Published
    Description: 745–753
    Description: 1A. Geomagnetismo e Paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Ionosphere ; Total Electron Content ; Earthquake precursor ; Short-term earthquake prediction ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.01. Solar-terrestrial interaction
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Rayleigh wave dispersion measurements reveal low-velocity zones beneath the new crust in the Gulf of California (2015)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-14
    Description: Rayleigh wave tomography provides images of the shallow mantle shear wave velocity structure beneath the Gulf of California. Low-velocity zones (LVZs) are found on axis between 26 and 50 km depth beneath the Guaymas Basin but mostly off axis under the other rift basins, with the largest feature underlying the Ballenas Transform Fault. We interpret the broadly distributed LVZs as regions of partial melting in a solid mantle matrix. The pathway for melt migration and focusing is more complex than an axis-centered source aligned above a deeper region of mantle melt and likely reflects the magmatic evolution of rift segments. We also consider the existence of solid lower continental crust in the Gulf north of the Guaymas Basin, where the association of the LVZs with asthenospheric upwelling suggests lateral flow assisted by a heat source. These results provide key constraints for numerical models of mantle upwelling and melt focusing in this young oblique rift.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1766–1774
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Low velocities in the Gulf upper mantle are interpreted as partial melting ; Partial melting under the Guaymas Basin and off axis of the other rift basins ; Lower crustal flow assisted by heat source in N Gulf near mantle upwelling ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.03. Mantle and Core dynamics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.07. Tomography and anisotropy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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