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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decentralized variable structure control of interconnected multi-input/ multi-output nonlinear systems (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 363-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract For a broad class of interconnected nonlinear systems, this paper develops a complete design methodology for decentralized variable structure control. Specifically, the paper sets forth design schemes for local switching surfaces and the related local switched feedback gains which together force the original nonlinear interconnected system to behave as a reduced order interconnected equivalent system having a desired response such as stability, tracking, or prespecified eigenvalues. Also developed is a numerical algorithm for constructing the switched local feedback gains. A simple nonlinear example illustrates the control strategy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600000
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On decentralized hierarchic stabilization of a large-scale system with constraints (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 391-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract A new stabilization method of a large-scale dynamic system, consisting of a set of interconnected subsystems, is presented in this paper. The topology of the interconnected subsystems is given as a network containing nodes with only one ingoing link, and none, one, or more outgoing links. Here, when the notion “node” is used a subsystem is assumed, and the links stand for the subsystem interconnections. The stabilization method is made only by the use of local linear state feedback around each subsystem, in order to satisfy constraints given in the problem. The interconnections among the subsystems are assumed to be nonlinear, time-varying. According to the topology of the large-scale system, the method of stabilization is hierarchic, one proceeds from node to node, and is applicable from a computer standpoint. A design algorithm follows directly, and can be made using the Generate and Test method for each subsystem independently, thus enabling designers to use a computer which has a video terminal as a peripheral unit and providing a possibility for interactive applications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600232
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Estimation of structured covariances with application to array beamforming (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 421-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The estimation of covariance matrices which are structured, for example, of Toeplitz type, from measurement data is considered. The problem is considered in the context of array beamforming, and various methods of estimation are derived and compared, such comparison including consideration of the behavior of the estimate in beamforming applications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600233
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Formation of the block toeplitz matrix for two-dimensional PLSI Polynomials (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 449-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The planar least-squares inverse (PLSI) polynomials are used for stabilization of two-dimensional unstable recursive filters. In order to obtain the PLSI polynomials, the main work involved consists in forming a set of linear equations and then solving them. In this paper we present an efficient and simple method to form the necessary set of linear equations (i.e., the required coefficient matrix) for a chosen pattern and order of the desired PLSI polynomial, starting from the denominator polynomial of a two-dimensional unstable recursive filter.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600234
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    System inversion using orthogonal functions (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 347-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper shows how to use orthogonal functions to invert singular (i.e., generalized state-space) systems. The approach is to express the inverse system itself as a singular system, and then to apply the theory of orthogonal functions to convert that differential-algebraic system to a purely algebraicgeneralized Lyapunov equation whose solution yields the input of the original system given its output. Both left and right inversion are treated. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the generalized Lyapunov equation are derived, and a generalizedQZ algorithm is given for its efficient solution. It is also shown that the coefficients in the Walsh function expansion may be approximately found using an FFT-type butterfly network. These results provide both an extension in theory, by investigating the properties of a new Lyapunov equation, and an extension in the implementation of system inversion, by providing a scheme which applies to generalized state-space systems and uses an unconventional approach which may prove to be a useful contribution.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599999
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Call for papers (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. I 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600237
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decoupling of the overflow and quantization phenomena in orthogonal biquad recursive digital filters (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 457-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract In digital communication networks, a special class of complex biquad recursive digital filters called orthogonal filters is increasingly being used. The separate effects of the overflow and quantization nonlinearities on these orthogonal filters' responses have been investigated [5], [6]. In this paper we examine the zero-input stability properties of the actual orthogonal filter having both overflow and quantization nonlinearities. The overflow nonlinearities considered include saturation, bit-by-bit inversion, zeroing, and modulo 2 arithmetic. The quantization techniques used may be roundoff, magnitude, or value truncation. An example demonstrates the adverse coupling effect between the overflow and quantization nonlinearities. Two criteria are therefore derived to ensure asymptotic overflowstability of the filter in the presence of quantization. These criteria have been translated to the coefficient plane; various regions corresponding to different minimum wordlengths required to ensure decoupling of the overflow and quantization phenomena have been derived.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600235
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An output error model and algorithm for electromagnetic system identification (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 471-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The identification problem for electromagnetic objects excited by transients is discussed. Several classes of models are reviewed, and an output error model is selected. An algorithm for solving the transient identification problem using this model is presented, and some of the issues connected with its use are considered. Examples of the application of this algorithm to electromagnetic data are given.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600236
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the development of group insurance and collective saving in the Federal Republic of Germany and in Great Britain (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 10 (1978), S. 50-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409807
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Social security versus private saving and insurance (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 10 (1978), S. 44-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Conclusion For all these reasons, the rediscovery of the equivalence theorem, first stated by David Ricardo in 1817, must be rejected as an adequate basis for policy, just as Ricardo had denied its applicability to the real world. Correspondingly, the concern with the adverse consequences of unfunded social insurance wealth for the supply of national saving, capital intensity, and living standards remains well founded. p ]If, as a practical matter, public pension and social security programs will never be funded actuarially in the United States and most other postindustrial countries, then government-supervised substitution of private for public retirement plans is the only way to achieve at least partial funding. If such substitution follows the British model of allowing employers to contract out of the earnings-related part of the state scheme if equivalent pensions are provided by the company plan, payroll taxes and social security wealth decline so as to reduce their adverse impact on capital formation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409806
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The expansion of social security in Italy (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 10 (1978), S. 73-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409809
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Soziale sicherheit und staatsfinanzen (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 10 (1978), S. 85-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409810
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Problems of social under economic recession and inflation (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 10 (1978), S. 96-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409811
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    La prévoyance dans l'economie italienne (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 10 (1978), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Summary: Social Policy in the Italian Economy Favourable social and economic conditions constitute the essential framework for a stable development of savings. Saving in the form of insurance becomes advantageous for the individual, and private insurance can thus extend its activity, when social attitudes and the economic situation favour the propensity to save. If conditions change, the State can take over the coverage of risks through social insurance. By means of this institutions, an anti-cyclical policy can be pursued: the amount of social security contributions, for instance, can be increased during the expansion of the cycle and the amounts thus accumulated can be used to grant benefits during the recession period, when contributions can be fixed at a lower percentage of wages. Another type of policy can be pursued by government authorities: that of adjusting social security contributions to industrial profits, thereby directing the subsequent effects on economic growth. Inflation cab cause instability in decisional policies taken by private insurance companies. A solution to the unbalanced increase of costs can be found in index-linking. Life policies of this kind, for instance, cab be closely related to investments in houses, to be bought by the insured themselves in price-linked instalments. After a reference to present developments regarding risk instability and to possibilities of new forms of insurance, this paper considers the competition resulting from the opening of the EEC insurance markets as an opportunity for the Italian market to strengthen its structures.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409808
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    State, security and insurance (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 10 (1978), S. 3-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409805
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some properties of the multidimensional complex cepstrum and their relationship to the stability of multidimensional systems (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 3-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Conditions are obtained for the cepstrum of anl 1 sequence having arbitrary support on theM-dimensional lattice to exist also as anl 1 sequence with arbitrary support. These conditions are used to show that the cepstrum of a sequence with support on a half-space will, when it exists, also have support on the same half-space. This result is used, in turn, to describe the support of the cepstrum of a sequence with bounded support on a half-space. The relationship between the existence of the cepstrum and bounded-input, bounded-output (BIBO) stability for all three of these cases is considered. Finally, the derivatives of the inversion operator, the homomorphic transform operator, and its inverse are calculated. These results are also useful in the one-dimensional case.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599003
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A software environment for digital signal-processing simulations (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 31-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract A signal-processing software system is described which allows the simulation of systems described by block diagrams or signal-flow graphs. A high-level data-flow language describes the interconnection of the components. All configurations of interconnections are allowed, including those containing feedback. Component systems (blocks) are allowed to be multi-input, multi-output, and to be programmed in any language. Blocks are implemented as separate processes running under a UNIX2 operating system. Input and output signals are transferred between blocks via the UNIXpipe facility. Thedata type of a signal is arbitrary in the context of the compiler; within a component or system, signals and internal variables can be either floating point or fixed point. The compiler enforces strong or weak type checking of signals according to the characteristics of the blocks generating and receiving the signals. The invariance of the program to implementation data type is accomplished by the use of abstract data types. Fixed-point simulations having differing number of bits per signal and per internal variable in a block are supported. Special display software is used to allow any signal in the system to be displayed on any graphics device.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599004
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The numerical solution of some higher-index time-varying semistate systems by difference methods (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 61-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the solvability of fully implicit index-one and semiexplicit index-two linear time-varying semistate systems of the formA(t)x′+B(t)x=f(t). Using these solvability criteria, we establish the convergence and stability of backward difference formulas (BDF) for solvable semiexplicit index-two systems. In the algebraic variables, these methods exhibit a boundary layer of instability of length 2k, wherek is the order of the method. Finally, we show that the systems considered in this paper belong to a class of problems, solvable by BDF, which strictly contains the systems safely transformable to standard canonical form.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599006
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the approximation of the magnitude response of two-dimensional IIR digital filters using linear programming (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 45-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The design of two-dimensional IIR digital filters is approached using linear-programming techniques. The problem is formulated as an approximation problem and filter frequency response characteristics are represented via the square of the magnitude of the filter transfer function. An appropriate approximation error is minimized leading to a linear problem formulation. The latter problem does not require differential correction methods for its solution, thus resulting in a computationally efficient algorithm. Stability conditions and symmetry considerations are easily accounted for. The linear programming approach assures convergence of the solution to a global minimum, among other advantages over nonlinear methods. Several examples illustrate the strength and effectiveness of the methodology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599005
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stabilization theory for single-input/single-output two-dimensional systems (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 77-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Necessary and sufficient conditions for output and state feedback stabilization are given for single-input/single-output systems. Extensions are also provided for single-input/multi-output and multi-input/single-output systems. A technique for constructing explicitly a stabilizing controller is presented, and the main differences with respect to the one-dimensional case are clarified. Finally, the existence of “intrinsically unstable” transfer functions, i.e., not allowing stabilizable realizations, is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599007
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Single-parameter controlled-variable amplitude change function for digital filtering (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 95-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract A single-parameter controlled-variable amplitude change function has been constructed for digital filtering using multiple units of a prototype filter. The limits of variation are discussed. The technique is shown to be useful not only for the reduction of errors in either the pass band or the stop band of the overall filter, but also for varying the cutoff frequency of the overall filter over a wide range. Hardware implementation problems resulting from a wide variation are shown to be overcome by a modular approach.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599008
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Introduction to the special issue (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 125-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598954
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Editorial (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 123-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598953
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Parameter estimation of continuous-time stationary Gaussian processes with rational spectra (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 107-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper considers the problem of estimating the parameters of continuous-time stationary Gaussian processes with rational spectra, from uniformly sampled measurements. The sampled process is shown to be an autoregressive moving-average process, and explicit relationships between the parameters of the continuous-time and the sampled processes are derived. These relationships are then used to derive a lower bound on the variances of biased estimates of the continuous-time parameters, and on the generalized variance of such estimates. It is shown by some examples that the bound on the generalized variance depends on the sampling interval in a nonmonotonic manner. In particular, for each specific set of parameters there exists a sampling interval for which the lower bound is minimized.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599009
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Array resolutions of linear maps (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 127-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The identification of concurrency is a critical factor in the high-speed calculation of algorithms. This study considers maps onX, a discrete resolution space. We establish a resolution on the space of linear maps onX which exhibit compatibility with array processing. Our results are extended to the partially ordered resolution space setting. While on-line array processing motivates our study, the results also suggest efficient processing procedures for off-line applications.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598955
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A technique for the design of systolic arrays with bit-level pipelining (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 139-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper describes a method for designing systolic structures with bit-level pipelining. The proposed technique starts with the signal flow graph representation of a given algorithm. A new signal flow graph rule, called the gain transfer rule is introduced to achieve bit-level pipelining. Using this approach, systolic arrays with bit-level pipelining are derived for a general recursive digital filter and a convolver. The proposed technique is quite general and has also been applied to obtain systolic structures for other problems such as vector transformation. In comparison with some previously reported designs, the new architectures are characterized by simpler basic processing cells and faster data throughput rate or smaller chip area requirements.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598956
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Applications of VLSI technology in a massively parallel machine (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 191-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract NON-VON is a highly parallel non-von Neumann supercomputer presently under construction at Columbia University. The basis for NON-VON's significant cost/performance advantage lies in a highly unusual application of VLSI technology to the realization of massive computational parallelism. This paper outlines the manner in which the emerging technology of VLSI circuits is employed in NON-VON to achieve this advantage. Particular emphasis is given to novel aspects of the design, layout, and operation of the NON-VON processing element, eight of which are to be embedded within each integrated circuit chip.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598959
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fault-tolerant VLSI sorters (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 153-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Parallel sorting algorithms have been proposed for VLSI implementation. Random defects in the silicon wafer and fabrication errors render processors in the wafer faulty, and may cause these algorithms to fail despite a significant number of nonfaulty processors. This paper presents twofault-tolerant pipelined sorting algorithms that would work on a wafer comprised of faulty and nonfaulty processors. Both the algorithms useO(n) processors and requireO(n) time to sortn elements.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598957
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Construction of a fault-tolerant grid of processors for wafer-scale integration (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract With the advent of wafer-scale integration (WSI), the placement of several “processors” on a single VLSI wafer is becoming a realistic possibility. To avoid the problems of a very low yield inherent in any silicon component of (very) large area, redundant components will be used. In this article we examine three different solutions for reconnecting the nonfaulty processors so that the resulting network is a square grid. We then present results of simulations for various percentages of faulty processors, which show that a small amount of redundancy is the interprocessors paths and a simple back-track based algorithm can produce a resulting grid that, while not necessarily optimal, includes most of the nonfaulty processors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598958
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Active memory chips: A brief survey and case study (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 239-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Conventional random access memories are capable only of writing data into and reading data from the storage location corresponding to a given address. The availability of VLSI circuits containing hundreds of thousands of switching devices, however, has recently made practical the implementation of “active” memory chips capable of performing a range of complex operations on their stored data. Such designs are characterized by the extensive intermingling of processing and memory resources within a single chip to achieve the rapid and cost-effective parallel execution of operations relevant to such tasks as image processing, computer graphics, artificial intelligence, and database management. This paper presents a brief survey of a number of active memory chips that have been implemented or proposed, along with a more detailed examination of a particular active memory circuit, the NON-VON 3 primary processing subsystem chip.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598961
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Designing VLSI network nodes to reduce memory traffic in a shared memory parallel computer (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 217-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Serialization of memory access can be a critical bottleneck in shared memory parallel computers. The NYU Ultracomputer, a large-scale MIMD (multiple instruction stream, multiple data stream) shared memory architecture, may be viewed as a column of processors and a column of memory modules connected by a rectangular network of enhanced 2×2 buffered crossbars. These VLSI nodes enable the network to combine multiple requests directed at the same memory location. Such requests include a new coordination primitive, fetch- and-add, which permits task coordination to be achieved in a highly parallel manner. Processing within the network is used to reduce serialization at the memory modules. To avoid large network latency, the VLSI network nodes must be high-performance components. Design tradeoffs between architectural features, asymptotic performance requirements, cycle time, and packaging limitations are complex. This report sketches the Ultracomputer architecture and discusses the issues involved in the design of the VLSI enhanced buffered crossbars which are the key element in reducing serialization.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01598960
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Time-frequency window leakage in the short-time Fourier transform (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 263-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Conventional frequency-domain window-leakage analysis accurately describes the leakage in the short-time Fourier transform only for stationary signals. Leakage in the time-frequency plane from concentrated transient or nonstationary signals can be effectively analyzed by use of a time-frequency window-leakage envelope with rectangular contours. This envelope is obtained from the Wigner distribution of the analysis window, with appropriate corrections for the sidelobe leakage. The time-frequency window-leakage envelope gives insight into the tradeoffs in time-frequency leakage between various windows and allows quick and accurate estimates of the leakage in the short-time Fourier transform. A simple technique for constructing signals with Wigner distributions that are linear transformations of the Wigner distribution of a known signal is developed. With this technique, windows with a variety of time-frequency orientations and leakage behavior can be developed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599994
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Asymptotic bias of the high-order autoregressive estimates of sinusoidal frequencies (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 287-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Fitting a high-order autoregressive model to data is often used to estimate the frequencies of sinusoids from their noisy measurements. This paper analyzes the asymptotic bias of the frequency estimates obtained by this method. It is shown that the bias decreases significantly with increasing model order.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599995
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    General linear nonstationary passive systems: Derivation of the explicit state model (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 299-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract We consider the general nonstationary passive systems modeled by linearRCG (G = gyrator) networks. Such networks in general contain conventional topological degeneracies (i.e., capacitor-only loops and/or inductor-only cutsets) as well as the topological degeneracies due to gyrator positioning in the network. Our central result is the explict demonstration that the existence of topological degeneracies does not impose any obstruction to the existence of the explicit state model, which we derive under no restriction on the topology of the network. We also discuss the conditions for the existence of the state model, its unique solutions, and the continuity of the state vector. The nature of the degeneracies inherent in the formulation is highlighted and it is shown that a gyrator-only subnetwork is accountable for algebraic degeneracies. Since the nature and the existence of topological degeneracies does not have anything to do with whether the element characteristics are linear or nonlinear, passive or active, our results are easy to extend to a large class of nonlinear and/or activeRCG networks.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599996
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Qualitative analysis of motion properties of semistate models of large-scale systems (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 315-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper studies the behavior of motions of large-scale (LS) semistate systems (SSS) governed byP i (t)x i =M i (t,x i )x i +f i (t)+h i (t, x), i=1,2,...,s, =(x 1 T x 2 T ⋯x s T )T, where matricesP i (t) are singular. Using Lyapunov's approach and the tools for LS system analysis, a variant of attractivity and ultimate boundedness of appropriate time-variable sets are investigated. The results are based on a specific choice of the aggregate functions. It is assumed that the reduction of equations to a normal form of lower order is inconvenient. The aggregation-decomposition approach used in this paper reduces the dimensionality of an aggregate matrix of the system to the number of its systems. Motion properties of LS systems are deduced from the properties of its isolated subsystems, the character of interconnections, and the conditions imposed on the system aggregate matrix. Sufficient algebraic conditions for the above-mentioned motion properties are developed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599997
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some practical stability criteria for semistate equations (1987)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 6 (1987), S. 335-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract In this paper various conditions guaranteeing the ordinary, uniform, and asymptoticA-stability of semistate equations are given. These results are based on and given in terms of the semi-explicit form of a semistate equation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01599998
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New dimensions of risk: Consequences for management (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 7 (1978), S. 3-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02153547
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Trends of risk and security problems for states and emerging strategies for coping with those trends (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 7 (1978), S. 16-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02153548
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The investments of insurance companies: Difficulties new and old (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 7 (1978), S. 26-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02153549
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Industrial management flexibility in times of economic change (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 7 (1978), S. 35-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02153550
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Foreword (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 8 (1978), S. 3-3 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02153619
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Security as a service (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 7 (1978), S. 42-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02153551
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Risk allocation and information: Some recent theoretical developments (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 8 (1978), S. 5-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02153620
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Risk, uncertainty and economic futures (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 9 (1978), S. 3-17 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02126873
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Eléments pour une analyse économique de la responsabilité du fait des produits (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 9 (1978), S. 18-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02126874
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A survey of consequential loss practices in Western Europe with emphasis on the chemical industry (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 9 (1978), S. 45-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02126875
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quelques aspects de l'assurance dans les relations économiques internationales : l'Assurance-Crédit à l'exportation, l'Assurance-Cautionnement à l'étranger et l'Assurance des investissements privés à l'étranger (1978)
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 9 (1978), S. 66-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02126876
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Another new journal (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 1-2 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543905
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the annual maximum distribution in dependent partial duration series (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 3-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Annual maximum ; partial duration series ; T-year estimate ; marshall-Olkin bivariate distribution ; Morgenstern bivariate distribution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract As a basis for development of the annual maximum distribution the so-called partial duration series with Poissonian occurrence times and exponentially distributed peak exceedance values has been selected. The model is generalized by allowing for a Markov dependence between succeeding peak values. Correlation values from p=0 to p=1 can be accounted for by introducing the Marshall-Olkin bivariate exponential distribution, which is presented in detail. The developed distribution function for the annual maximum is throughly analysed and a variety of distribution forms depending on the value of the correlation coefficient and the intensity in the Poisson process is hereby recognized. To a certain extent this might be considered as parallel to the scattering of hydrological regions with different generating mechanisms for the annual maxima.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543906
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On a stochastic description of the time-space behaviour of extratropical cyclonic precipitation fields (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 37-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Cyclonic precipitation ; mathematical modeling ; simulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A stochastic description is developed for extratropical cyclonic precipitation fields at synoptic and meso scales as they are typically observed by radars over the Earth. This description attempts to account I) for the synoptic scale behavior of a cyclonic storm (its birth, its synoptic scale motion trajectory, and its dissipation) II) for the synoptic-scale organizational structure of subsynoptic precipitation areas (rainbands, precipitation cores and raincells) within a cyclonic storm; and III) for the behavior of subsynoptic precipitation areas, in terms of their births, their spatial configuration evolutions, their motions, and their deaths (dissipation). The precipitation cores and the raincells are taken as the building blocks of the subsynoptic precipitation, areas within a cyclonic rainfield.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543908
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A review on stochastic differential equations for applications in hydrology (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 81-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Stochastic differential equations ; Itô calculus ; Stratovovich integrals ; Jump integrals
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Fundamentals of the theory of stochastic calculus and stochastic differential equations (SDE's) which are finding increasing application in water resources engineering are reviewed. The basics of probability theory, mean square calculus and the Wiener, white Gaussian and compound Poisson processes are given in preparation for a discussion of the general Itô SDE with drift, diffusion and jump discontinuity terms driven by Gaussian white noise and compound Poissionian impulses. Also discussed are stochastic integration and the derivation of moment equations via the Itô differential rule. The lierature of SDE's is reviewed with an emphasis on the more accessible sources.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543805
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The discrete Hurst range for skew independent two-valued inflows (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 53-66 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Hurst range ; conditioned exchangeable, variables
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new theoretical interpretation is proposed for Hurst's empirical law which is applicable to discrete-valued inflows and is consistent with the existing interpretation for continuous-valued inflows. This is applied to independent net inflows {X r} having values +1 and −1 with unequal probabilities. With the aid of a new result on the exchangeability of symmetrically conditioned exchangeable variables, values of the resulting range are obtained and tabulated. It is found that the effect of skewness is very slight for skewness values between (about) 3 and −3, and that Hurst's own approximation, the “conditioned range”, is remarkably accurate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543909
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pattern analysis on mixed-mode hydrometric data (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 67-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): pattern analysis ; mixed-mode data ; event-covering ; discretization ; hydrometric data
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper presents a pattern analysis technique that has been successfully applied to a set of hydrometric network data collected in British Columbia, Canada. This technique can extract information from a set of observed heterogeneous multivariate data. The data are represented as n-tuples of mixed discrete and continuous values. The technique is capable of screening out statistically irrelevant information. It is also able to detect inherent subgroups in the data through adopting an event-covering approach. The subgroup characteristics represent important empirical understanding even though there may be considerable probabilistic variation within each individual subgroup.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543910
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stochastic models in hydrology (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 17-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Stochastic hydrology ; multivariate analysis ; information extraction ; information transfer ; structure of time series ; time series analysis ; spatial characteristics ; simulation of processes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A stochastic approach to the analysis of hydrologic processes is defined along with a discussion of causes of tendency, periodicity and stochasticity in hydrologic series. Sources of temporal non-stationarity are described along with objectives and methods of analysis of processes and, in general, of information extraction from data. Transferred information as measured by correlation coefficients is compared with the transferable information as measured by entropy coefficients. Various multivariate approaches to hydrologic stochastic modeling are classified in light of complexities of spatial/temporal hydrologic processes. Alternatives of time series structural decomposition and modeling are compared. A special approach to modeling of space properties further contributes to approximate simulations of spatial/temporal processes over large areas. Several aspects of stochastic models in hydrology are concisely reviewed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543907
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A stochastic differential equation approach to soil moisture (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 101-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Soil moisture ; stochastic processes ; stochastic differential equations
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The dynamics of water within the unsaturated root zone of the soil are represented by a pair of stochastic differential equations (SDE's), one representing the so-called “surplus” state of the moisture and the other the “deficit” condition. The inputs to the model are the climatically controlled random infiltration events and evapotranspiration which are modeled as a compound Poisson process and a Wiener (Brownian motion) process, respectively. The solutions to these SDE's are not in “close-form” but sample functions are obtained by numerical integration. The moment properties of the soil moisture evolution process have also been derived analytically including the mean, variance, covariance and autocorrelation functions. To illustrate the model, climatic parameters representing the “surplus” and “deficit” cases and properties of clay loam soil have been used to numerically derived the corresponding sample functions. With proper selection of all the parameters, physically realistic sample trajectories can be obtained for the model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543806
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  • 56
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    Digitale Medien
    On predicting upland erosion losses from rainfall depth (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Upland erosion ; annual erosion losses
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Point rainfall triggers the complex processes of overland flow and surface erosion. The probability density functions of rainfall duration and intensity are coupled with a physically based dynamic formulation of rainfall-runoff-sediment transport relationships for upland areas. When considering a single storm, rainfall depth alone is a poor predictor of sediment transport because of the dispersion introduced by the effect of rainfall intensity. On a long terms basis, however, the total amount of rainfall can be used to predict total erosion losses.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543808
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An extended theory of equi-risk line for a general release rule (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 117-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): equi-risk line ; detention pond ; urban runoff ; frequency analysis ; flood risk
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The expression of equi-risk line derived by the authors represents the relationship between discharge capacityy 0 u and storage capacityz 0 u to keep flood frequency under a certain risk level represented by the return periodT, i.e.,z 0/z 0 u ={(y 0 u −y 0 u )/y 0 u } S , wherey 0 u andz 0 u areT-year probability peak discharge and total volume of a hydrograph. The shape parametersS is evaluated in this paper for various release rules of the storage facilities and correlations of durations and peaks of hydrographs. The expression forS is: $$S = S_\infty + (S_0 - S_\infty )\exp ( - \sqrt p )$$ , whereS 0 andS ∞ are the values ofS forp=0 and ∞, andp is the exponent of a general storage-release relation,q=az' p, wherea is the storage constant, andz' andq are the volume of stored water and the corresponding release. The values ofS 0 andS ∞ are expressed in terms of the correlation coefficient ρ of durations and peaks of inflow hydrographs.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543807
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On predicting upland erosion losses from rainfall depth (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 135-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Upland erosion ; annual soil losses
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Annual erosion losses from 135 experimental plots under a variety of soil types, vegetation cover densities and conservation practices in Iraq have been measured over a period of four years. The first three years of this data set demonstrate that annual erosion losses can be predicted from annual rainfall depths. The results obtained from regression analysis were then validated with the fourth year of soil erosion data. These results corroborate the theoretical findings of the companion paper in that long term erosion losses can be predicted from the total amount of rainfall.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543809
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Multivariate contemporaneous ARMA model with hydrological applications (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 141-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Contemporaneous ARMA models ; maximum likelihood estimation ; multivariate modelling ; stochastic hydrology ; time series analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract In order to allow contemporaneous autoregressive moving average (CARMA) models to be properly applied to hydrological time series, important statistical properties of the CARMA family of models are developed. For calibrating the model parameters, efficient joint estimation procedures are investigated and compared to a set of uivariate estimation procedures. It is shown that joint estimation procedures improve the efficiency of the autoregressive and moving average parameter estimates, but no improvements are expected on the estimation of the mean vector and the variance covariance matrix of the model. The effects of the different estimation procedures on the asymptotic prediction error are also considered. Finally, hydrological applications demonstrate the usefulness of the CARMA models in the field of water resources.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543810
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A linearly regressive Gamma Markov process (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 155-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Gamma Markov ; estimation ; maximum likelihood estimates
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The linearly regressive Gamma Markov sequence is being increasingly used as a model for geophysical phenomena, one of the reasons being that it is possible to determine the distribution of (weighted or otherwise) cumulative sums of such a sequence. In this paper we show briefly how to simulate such a sequence and its seasonal extension; we also show how to estimate its parameters. It is shown that the estimates obtained by the method of moments do not have a high efficiency, whereas those obtained by a modified maximum likelihood method have an efficiency close to unity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543811
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The inverse problem and ground water management (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 161-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Inverse problem ; groundwater management ; groundwater response function ; stochastic control ; consistent parameter estimation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The response of groundwater basins to natural and anthropogenic inputs depends on many interrelated factors such as the values of groundwater flow and mass transport parameters. This work presents a theoretical analysis of the impact of parameter uncertainty on groundwater management decisions. It is shown that under classical, Bayesian, and deterministic assumptions about the parameter structure, the resulting management decisions could be very different. This underscores the importance of adopting the proper parameter structure and the need for using consistent methods to solve the inverse problem.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543888
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A feature based method for tracking mesoscale rainfall areas in radar images (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 185-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Pattern matching ; tracking ; rainfall ; mesoscale ; radar
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper presents a new feature-based matching algorithm for tracking mesoscale precipitation phenomena in radar image sequences. Distinct rainfall areas are identified in each image and characterized by a feature vector of shape descriptors, which provide a mathematical representation of the spatial characteristics of each identified area. Rainfall areas observed in consecutive images are matched by comparing the relative values of the features. Two match scoring algorithms are developed to generate the initial estimates of correct matches, which are then updated by likelihood measures based on relative location. The method is applied to mesoscale rainfall areas observed in sequences of radar-derived images of rainfall activity over Southwestern Ontario during the summers of 1980 and 1981.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543890
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The two-component extreme value distribution for flood frequency analysis: Derivation of a new estimation method (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 199-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Extreme value distribution ; two-component distribution ; maximum entropy principle ; parameter estimation ; regional estimation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The two component extreme value (TCEV) distribution has recently been shown to account for most of the characteristics of the real flood experience. A new method of parameter estimation for this distribution is derived using the principle of maximum entropy (POME). This method of parameter estimation is suitable for application in both the site-specific and regional cases and appears simpler than the maximum likelihood estimation method. Statistical properties of the regionalized estimation were evaluated using a Monte Carlo approach and compared with those of the maximum likelihood regional estimators.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543891
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A first-order approximation to stochastic optimal control of reservoirs (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 169-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Stochastic control and programming ; real-time hydrologic forecasting ; reservoir theory
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A new approximate method of solution for stochastic optimal control problems with many state and control variables is introduced. The method is based on the expansion of the optimal control into the deterministic feedback control plus a caution term. The analytic, small-perturbation calculation of the caution term is at the heart of the new method. The developed approximation depends only on the first two statistical moments of the random inputs and up to the third derivatives of the cost functions. Its computational requirements do not exhibit the exponential growth exhibited by discrete stochastic DP and can be used as a suboptimal solution to problems for which application of stochastic DP is not feasible. The method is accurate when the cost-to-go functions are approximately cubic in a neighbourhood around the deterministic trajectory whose size depends on forecasting uncertainty. Furthermore, the method elucidates the stochastic optimization problem yielding insights which cannot be easily obtained from the numerical application of discrete DP.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543889
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transport and sedimentation of particles in a fluid flow (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Transport ; sedimentation ; random walk ; Markov chain in continuous time ; distribution of maximum
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract A simple two-dimensional random walk model is developed for the motion of a particle in a fluid flow. Some earlier results for the persistent injection of particles into the flow are extended, and the distribution of the maximum number of particles in suspension over the period (0,t) is derived.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543892
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Statistical aspects of flow in a random network of channels (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 217-240 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Transport of fluid ; random network ; macro-permeability ; micro-geometry ; statistical mechanics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract This paper presents a detailed statistical analysis of Hagen-Poiseuille flow in plane random isotropic networks of interconnected channels. The emphasis is on statistico-geometrical features of networks that affect macroscopic permeability. It is shown that permeability of a network depends on its average co-ordination number, the first two moments of the channel length distribution and other explicitly identifiable geometrical features. Distributions of flow rates in channels and average flow rates are established by minimization of the rate of energy dissipation. Theoretical developments are interpreted in the context of classical statistical mechanics. Analytical results are illustrated and verified using numerical analysis of flow in a simulated random network.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543893
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Announcements (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 280-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543099
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Development of stochastic partial differential equations for subsurface hydrology (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 241-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Martingale ; stochastic-convective ; stochastic-relativist ; spectral-integral ; perturbative ; statistical-mechanical
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The use of stochastic models in subsurface hydrology is growing at a logistic pace. To tie together a number of different stochastic methodologies for deriving subsurface transport equations, we have put together a brief review of some of the more common techniques. Our attention is confined to a few select methodologies so that we might delve in detail into assumptions required by the various approaches and their strengths and weaknesses. The methods reviewed include: Martingale, stochastic-convective, stochastic-relativist, spectral-integral, perturbative, statistical-mechanical, and generalized hydrodynamics. Within this list, we also have included a few stochastic methodologies which have been used solely to develop expressions for the dispersion tensor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543097
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On a general class of stochastic partial differential equations (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 297-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Stochastic PDE ; Zakai equation ; nonlinear filtering ; distributed systems
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract We shall consider in this article a general class of stochastic PDE which in particular covers the Zakai equation of nonlinear filtering and natural formulations of distributed systems involving control variables. We use only fixed point arguments, hence we get uniqueness results. In the case of the Zakai equation, Galerkin approximations have been considered by Pardoux (1979) to derive the existence of the solution
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543101
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Semigroup solutions to stochastic unsteady groundwater flow subject to random parameters (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 281-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Stochastic groundwater flow ; semigroups ; random in time Gaussian process ; random physical parameters ; stochastic partial differential equations
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Two methods for the solution of partial differential equations (PDE) for the general case of random in time physical parameters are presented and their application to the solution of unsteady regional groundwater flow equations are illustrated. The first method is the semigroup approach which directly offers a solution without resorting to “closure approximations” (hierarchy techniques), perturbation techniques, or Montecarlo simulation techniques. The semigroup approach can also handle the general stochastic problem when randomness also appears as initial conditions, boundary conditions or forcing terms. The second method is an approximation scheme to obtain the semigroup solution in complex cases and permits the solution of equations with more than one random coefficient.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543100
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rainfall-runoff forecasting methods, old and new (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 303-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Rainfall-runoff models ; forecasting ; unit hydrograph
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Here we review the main thrusts of rainfall-runoff modelling with an eye toward the advantageous use of the massive date sets being accumulated and the modern computers capable of dealing effectively with such sets. More than a tutorial, this study is aimed at providing a unifying structure for analyzing available techniques. The closing section draws attention to the existence of an alternative methodology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543102
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Micro-scale modelling in the study of plume evolution in heterogeneous media (1987)
    Springer
    Stochastic environmental research and risk assessment 1 (1987), S. 263-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-3259
    Schlagwort(e): Porous media ; heterogeneity ; groundwater ; dispersion ; stochastic theory ; plume evolution
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Architektur, Bauingenieurwesen, Vermessung , Energietechnik , Geographie , Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract The migration of contaminants in heterogeneous aquifers involves dispersive processes that act at different scales. The interaction of these processes as a plume evolves can be studied by micro-scale modelling whereby two scales, a local- or micro-scale and an aquifer- or macro-scale, are covered simultaneously. Local-scale dispersive processes are represented through the local dispersion coefficient in the transport equation, while large-scale dispersion due to heterogeneities is represented through the resolution of the flow field and the diffusive exchange between streamtubes. The micro-scale model provides both the high degree of resolution compatible with local-scale processes, and the extent required for the approach to asymptotic conditions, using grids of up to a million nodal points. The model is based on the dual potential-streamfunction formulation for flow, and the transport problem is formulated in a natural coordinate system provided by the flownet. Simulations can be used to verify stochastic theories of dispersion, without the restrictive assumptions inherent in the theory. For the two-dimensional case, results indicate convergence of the effective dispersivity to the theoretical macrodispersivity value. Convergence takes place within a travel distance of about 50 correlation lengths of the hydraulic conductivity field. However, the approach taken to asymptotic conditions, as well as the macrodispersivity value, may differ for different realizations of the same medium. The influence of early-time events such as plume splitting on the asymptotic convergence remains to be investigated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01543098
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Über strukturelle Voraussetzungen für Krisenstabilität in Europa ohne Kernwaffen: Eine systemanalytische Betrachtung (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 1-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Following some introductory remarks on the need for thinking about new defense strategies, typical results of formal military conflict models are analyzed in order to demonstrate the structural prerequesites of conventional forces for bringing about crisis stability in Europe without nuclear weapons. There would be military as well as economic incentives to meet these prerequisites if the so-called “defense efficiency hypothesis” could be validated. To this end, the results of a series of simulation experiments are discussed. In conclusion, possible models of conventional transarmament are considered illustrating the need for linking conventional and nuclear arms control negotiations.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Zunächst wird kurz die Notwendigkeit des Nachdenkens über neue Verteidigungsstrategien begründet. Anhand typischer Ergebnisse von Experimenten an systemanalytischen Konflikt- und Gefechtsmodellen wird sodann untersucht, welche grundlegenden strukturellen Voraussetzungen konventionelle Streitkräfte erfüllen müssen, um Krisenstabilität in Europa auch ohne Kernwaffen zu gewährleisten. Militärische und wirtschaftliche Anreize zur Schaffung dieser Voraussetzungen wären gegeben, wenn die sog. ‚'Effizienzhypothese der Verteidigung“ zuträfe. Hierzu werden die Ergebnisse einer Reihe von Simulationsexperimenten diskutiert. Abschließend werden mögliche Umrüstungsmodelle betrachtet und die Notwendigkeit der Kopplung von Rüstungskontrollverhandlungen im konventionellen und nuklearen Bereich begründet.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720792
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Waiting times in a queueing system with capacity constraints and preemptive priorities (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 33-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein Wartesystem mitK Klassen von Einheiten untersucht, die in unabhängigen Poisson-Strömen eintreffen und nach der unterbrechenden Disziplin mit Fortsetzung bedient werden. Einheiten, die derselben Klasse angehören, verlangen Bedienungszeiten, die einer allgemeinen Verteilung unterliegen, und ihre Anzahl im System ist begrenzt. Die folgenden Resultate beziehen sich auf die Warteprozesse in einer beliebigen Klasse. Es werden die Verbundwahrscheinlichkeiten für die Anzahl der wartenden Einheiten und die Restbearbeitungszeiten im Gleichgewichtszustand betrachtet und die L.-S.-Transformierte ihrer erzeugenden Funktion hergeleitet. Das Hauptresultat der Arbeit ist die L.-S.-Transformierte der stationären Wartezeitverteilung für eine in das System aufgenommene Einheit.
    Notizen: Summary We investigate a queueing system withK classes of units arriving in independent Poisson streams and being served under the preemptive resume discipline. Units belonging to the same class require service times subject to a general distribution and their number in the system is limited. The following results refer to the queueing processes in an arbitrary class. We consider the joint probabilities for the number of waiting units and the residual processing time in equilibrium and we derive the L.-S. transform of their generating function. The main result of the paper is the L.-S. transform of the stationary waiting time distribution for a unit admitted to the system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720796
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An algorithm for discounted Switching Control Stochastic Games (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 41-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung In einem ‚'stochastischen Spiel mit wechselnder Kontrolle“ wird das Bewegungsgesetz in einem Teil der Zustände von Spieler I und in den anderen Zuständen von Spieler II kontrolliert. Für den diskontierten Fall hat Vrieze [6] einen Politikiterations-Algo-rithmus angegeben, bei dem endlich viele lineare Programme gelöst werden müssen. In dieser Arbeit wird ein alternativer endlicher Algorithmus vorgestellt, der eher der Wertiteration entspricht.
    Notizen: Summary In a Switching Control Stochastic Game the law of motion is controlled by player I alone when being in a certain subset of states and by player II alone when being in the other states. For the discounted case Vrieze [6] has given an algorithm which consists in solving a finite number of linear programs and is related to policy iteration. In this paper an alternative finite algorithm is furnished similar to value iteration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720798
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 54-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720804
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Zu einigen Anwendungen der mehrkriteriellen Entscheidungsfindung auf ingenieurwissenschaftliche Probleme (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 59-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Engineering work involves designing in the widest sense. The design of a system, e.g. a machine, a manufacturing method or a control system, must be carried out with a view to definite objectives that cannot always be reduced to a single quality parameter of the system to be designed. Therefore, the design engineer is always faced with a multi-criteria decision making problem. Thus the decision can be objectified if the analysis of the ‚'quality behaviour“ of the technical system to be designed can be made. The present paper is intended to discuss appropriate means and methods and to illustrate the potential of this approach by practical examples.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Ingenieurarbeit ist in den meisten Fällen Entwurfsarbeit im weitesten Sinne. Der Entwurf eines Systems, z. B. einer Maschine, einer Bearbeitungstechnologie oder eines Steuerungssystems, ist durchzuführen unter dem Aspekt bestimmter Zielsetzungen, die sich nicht immer auf einen einzigen ‚'Qualitätsparameter“ des zu entwerfenden Systems reduzieren lassen. Der Entwurfsingenieur sieht sich deshalb immer mit einer mehrkriteriellen Entscheidungsaufgabe konfrontiert. Die Entscheidung kann demzufolge objektiviert werden, wenn eine Analyse des ‚'Güteverhaltens“ des zu entwerfenden technischen Systems durchgeführt werden kann. Mittel und Methoden hierfür vorzustellen und an praktischen Beispielen die Zweckmäßigkeit dieser Vorgehensweise aufzuzeigen, sind die Ziele dieses Artikels.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732641
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 212-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719830
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 218-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719832
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 250-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719836
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Call for papers (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 251-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719837
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Sufficient conditions for optimality of a (z, c−, c+)-sampling plan in multistage Bayesian acceptance sampling (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 23-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Bei Anwendung eines (z, c−, c+)-Stichprobenplanes ergibt sich folgende Entscheidungsvorschrift: Liegt eine Gesamtstichprobe vom Umfangn vor, diey schlechte Stücke enthält, so nehme man das Los im Falle y⩽c−(n) an, lehne es im Falle y⩾c+(n) ab und ziehe ansonsten eine weitere Stichprobe vom Umfang z(n, y). Unter natürlichen Voraussetzungen wird gezeigt, daß ein solcher Stichprobenplan bzgl. der erwarteten Gesamtkosten in der Menge aller Bayesschen Stichprobenpläne optimal ist und somit einen einfachen, doppelten oder multiplen Prüfplan auf natürliche Weise verallgemeinert. Darüber hinaus wird gezeigt, daß die kritischen Funktionen c±(n) eines optimalen (z, c−, c+)-Planes die Eigenschaften c±(n)⩽c±(n + 1)⩽c±(n) + 1 besitzen.
    Notizen: Summary A (z, c−, c+)-sampling plan is based on the following rule: Having observedy defectives in a cumulative sample of sizen, then, in case of y⩽c−(n)[y⩾c+(n)] accept (reject) the lot; otherwise take a further sample of sizez(n, y). This type of sampling plan is shown to be optimal (within the set ofall sampling plans) with respect to the expected total cost in multistage Bayesian acceptance sampling and, thus, improves a single, double or multiple sampling plan in a natural way. Furthermore, some additional structure of an optimal (z, c−, c+)-sampling is obtained; in particular c±(n)⩽c±(n + 1)⩽ c±(n)+1.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720794
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 46-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720799
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Joint Annual conference of the DGOR and the NSOR 1987 (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 52-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720801
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Zur Besprechung eingegangene Bücher (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 54-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720803
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decomposition of games with non-empty core into veto-controlled simple games (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 81-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die nicht-negativen Spiele mit nichtleerem Kern bilden einen polyedrischen Kegel. Extreme Richtungen dieses konvexen Kegels korrespondieren mit Veto-kontrollierten einfachen Spielen. In diesem Beitrag wird eine konstruktive Methode beschrieben, mit der ein nicht-negatives Spiel mit nicht-leerem Kern als eine positive Linearkombination Veto-kontrollierter einfacher Spiele repräsentiert werden kann. Als eine Anwendung wird ein konstruktiver Beweis eines Resultats von Spinetto [5] vorgeschlagen, das von den Extremalpunkten der kompakten und konvexen Menge nicht-negativer (0, 1)-normalisierter Spiele mit nichtleerem Kern handelt.
    Notizen: Summary The non-negative games with non-empty core form a polyhedral cone. Extreme directions of this convex cone correspond to veto-controlled simple games. In this paper a constructive method is described to represent a non-negative game with non-empty core as a positive linear combination of veto-controlled simple games. As an application a constructive proof is suggested of a result of Spinetto (see [5]) dealing with the extreme points of the compact and convex set of nonnegative (0, 1)-normalized games with non-empty core.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732642
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Joint annual conference of the DGOR and the NSOR 1987 (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 122-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732647
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Zur Besprechung eingegangene Bücher (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 125-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01732649
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 152-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721095
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Outer approximation by polyhedral convex sets (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 153-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Diese Arbeit befaßt sich mit äußeren Approximationsverfahren zur Lösung von möglicherweise multiextremalen globalen Optimierungsproblemen. Ein allgemeiner Konvergenzsatz wird vorgestellt, aus dem sich neue Klassen von Schnittebenenverfahren ableiten lassen. Schließlich wird die dargestellte Theorie in Bezug gesetzt zur Schnittabbildung-Separatoren-Theorie von Eaves und Zangwill. Zwei Strategien zur Reduzierung der Nebenbedingungen werden vorgestellt.
    Notizen: Summary This paper deals with outer approximation methods for solving possibly multiextremal global optimization problems. A general theorem on convergence is presented and new classes of outer approximation methods using polyhedral convex sets are derived. The underlying theory is then related to the cut map-separator theory of Eaves and Zangwill. Two constraint dropping strategies are deduced.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721096
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 186-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721101
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Routing Algorithmen in Datennetzen — eine vergleichende Simulationsstudie (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 167-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Many techniques to solve the routing problem for packet switching networks can be found in literature. A simulation model has been built to compare their behaviour under various conditions. Adaptive algorithms show better performance measures than their fixed counterparts in high load situations and in case of link failures. Delays can be lowered by making routing decisions dependent on packet length and by creating very few update packets when links go down. In case of multi packet messages there is also no advantage for fixed routing strategies. On the contrary, the adaptive algorithm we propose shows better performance and allows less restrictive flow control procedures.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Das routing Problem stellt sich mit besonderer Schärfe bei paketvermittelten Datennetzen. Die weitestverbreiteten routing Algorithmen werden einem simulativen Vergleichstest unterzogen, der sowohl unterschiedliche Verkehrsstrukturen als auch Netzstörungen umfaßt. Adaptive Verfahren dominieren vor allem bei hoher Netzlast und Störungsfällen. Hierbei lassen sich durch paketlängenabhängige routing Entscheidungen sowie gezielten Informationsaustausch im Fehlerfall zusätzliche Verbesserungen erreichen. Im Falle von multi packet messages kann fixed routing ebenfalls keine Vorteile verbuchen. Vielmehr erlaubt das von uns vorgeschlagene adaptive Verfahren bessere performance in Verbindung mit einer weniger restriktiven flow control.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721100
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 202-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719828
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Reward revision and the average reward markov decision process (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 203-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Zur Lösung Markovscher Entscheidungsprozesse (MDP) mit Durchschnitts-Kriterium werden zwei numerische Verfahren, nämlich sukzessive Approximation und modifizierte Politik-Iteration, mit einer Transformation, der sogenannten ‚'Reward-Revision“, kombiniert. Bei dieser Transformation werden die Übergangswahrscheinlichkeiten so abgeändert (ausgedünnt), daß das neue Modell sich numerisch günstiger verhält. Dazu müssen die einstufigen Erträge so revidiert werden, daß die Optimalitäts-Gleichung des neuen Modells im Limes mit der des ursprünglichen übereinstimmt. Numerische Untersuchungen zeigen, daß für MDP mit stark besetzten Übergangsmatrizen, bei denen nur an wenigen Stellen je Zeile große Werte stehen, die Anwendung von ‚'Reward Revision“ zu wesentlichen Einsparungen an Rechenaufwand führen kann.
    Notizen: Summary We integrate two numerical procedures for solving the average reward Markov decision process (MDP), standard successive approximations and modified policy iteration with reward revision. Reward revision is the process of revising the reward structure of a second, more computationally desirable MDP so as to produce, in the limit, an optimality equation having a fixed point identical to that associated with the original MDP. A numerical study indicates that for MDP's having a non-sparse transition structure with a small number of relatively large entries per row, the addition of reward revision can have significant computational benefits.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719829
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 32-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01720795
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Buchbesprechungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 160-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721097
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ausschreibung eines Studentenpreises (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 252-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719839
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tagungen (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 253-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719840
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamische Bestellmengen- und Losgrößenplanung. Verfahrensübersicht und Vergleich (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 219-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Recent research on single-item dynamic lot sizing produced a number of different heuristic approaches to the problem. This paper compares their formal structures and reports on the results of extensive numerical tests. It is suggested that (1) the heuristics most frequently implemented in commercial software packages are inefficient by to-day's standards, (2Groff's stopping rule should be used when demand is fairly regular, and(3) an algorithm proposed by the authors prevails under conditions of erratic demand.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Die neuere Literatur bietet eine Vielzahl von Heuristiken zur dynamischen Bestellmengen-/ Losgrößenplanung. In einem strukturellen Vergleich von Konstruktionsmerkmalen und in numerischen Tests werden diese auf ihre relative Leistungsfähigkeit untersucht. Dabei zeigt sich, daß bei regelmäßiger Bedarfsentwicklung die Abbruchregel vonGroff und bei stärker schwankendem Bedarf ein von den Verfassern entwikkelter Algorithmus den in kommerziellen Softwaresystemen implementierten Verfahren vorzuziehen ist.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719833
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ein Planungssystem zur Optimierung der Palettenbeladung mit kongruenten rechteckigen Versandgebinden (1987)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 9 (1987), S. 235-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary In this paper we present a planning system in order to support the decision maker in finding efficient layouts on rectangular pallets. The factors which directly affect the utilization of the pallet capacity and thus packing and handling costs are the geometrical characteristics of the products and the packing units. The planning system which has been implemented on a microcomputer allows the decision maker to investigate the implications of a given product design on the design of suitable packing units and the utilization of the pallet capacity. This will be illustrated by several examples.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags wird ein logistisches PC-gestütztes Decision-Support-System zur Optimierung der Palettenstapelung mit kongruenten rechteckigen Versandgebinden im Einsatz vorgestellt. Zunächst werden Verfahren zur Generierung optimaler Lagen- und Stapelpläne illustriert. Unter Heranziehung dieser Verfahren können dem Entscheidungsträger Informationen hinsichtlich der Implikationen einer Änderung, beispielsweise der Abmessungen der Einzelpackung, der Zahl und Anordnung der Einzelpackungen im Versandgebinde auf die Struktur optimaler Stapelpläne zur Verfügung gestellt werden. An Hand von Beispielen wird das von diesen entscheidungsrelevanten Informationen ausgehende Potential zur Reduzierung der Logistikkosten illustriert.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719835
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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