ALBERT

Note: Univ. Bern, Diss., 1994

Note: Im Band enthalten: Sechster Jahresbericht der Königsberger Gelehrten Gesellschaft erstattet am 12. Januar 1930 von Herrn Mitscherlich

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Einleitung. - 2. Personalien. - 3. Das Stationsnetz. - Stationen I., II. und III. Ordnung und Stationen, die nur Sonnenschein beobachteten. - Regenstationen. - Gewitterstationen. - 4. Wetterdienst. - 5. Sammlungen des Zentralinstituts. - Instrumente. - Bücherei. - 6. Besondere Arbeiten im Zentralinstitut. - 7. Das Meteorologisch-Magnetische Observatorium bei Potsdam. - Allgemeines. - Meteorologische Beobachtungen und Arbeiten. - Magnetische Arbeiten. - 8. Dienstreisen. - 9. Veröffentlichungen. - Veröffentlichungen des Instituts. - Fachwissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Beamten. - Fachwissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Stipendiaten. - Nachruf auf Professor Dr. Theodor Arendt / H. Stade. - Verlegung der magnetischen Observatorien von Potsdam und Seddin wegen Elektrisierung der Vorortbahnen / A. Nippoldt. - Eine konstruktive Verbesserung einer Lloydschen Wage / O. Venske. - Nachtrag zur Abhandlung: Ein Vergleich der erdmagnetischen Normalinstrumente von Potsdam und Rude Skov / O. Venske. - Über einen Fehler bei Strahlungsmessungen / W. Marten. - Mikroanemometrische Untersuchungen / Joh. Grunow. - Der Trockenheitsindex, insbesondere für Deutschland / E. Reichel. - Über die Niederschlagsverteilung im Harz / J. Hoffmeister. - Über die Übergangsschicht zwischen verschiedenen temperierten Luftmassen / J. Hoffmeister. - Wärmeleitung und quasistatische Zustandsänderungen in der Atmosphäre / H. Ertel. - Temperatur, Niederschlag und Sonnenschein im Jahre 1928 nach den Beobachtungen der im deutschen Witterungsbericht erscheinenden Stationen.

Note: Front Cover; Advances in Geophysics, Volume 35; Copyright Page; Contents; Chapter 1. Seismological Constraints on the Velocity Structure and Fate of Subducting Lithospheric Slabs: 25 Years of Progress; 1. Introduction; 2. General Characterization of Slab and Wedge Structures; 3. Travel Time Pattern Constraints on Slab Velocity Structure; 4. Tomographical Imaging of Slab Velocity Structure; 5. Slab Boundaries: Converted and Reflected Phases; 6. Focusing, Multipathing, and Diffraction Effects of Slab Structure; 7. Future Directions in Slab Imaging and Summary; References; Index;.

Note: CONTENTS: STRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY. - The Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary in Russian Eurasia / Kirill V. Simakov. - Base Olenekian and Base Anisian Sequence Boundaries Produced by Triassic Circumpolar 'Synchronous' Transgressions / Atle Mørk, Alexander Y. Egorov, and Ashton F. Embry. - Mesozoic Stratigraphy of Franz Josef Land Archipelago, Arctic Russia - A Literature Review / Ashton F. Embry. - The Continental Triassic Biostratigraphy of the Timan-North Urals Region from Tetrapod Data / Igor V. Novikov. - Climatic Fluctuations and Other Events in the Mesozoic for the Siberian Arctic / Viktor A. Zakharov. - Lower Triassic Vertebrates from the North of Central Siberia / Michael A. Shishkin. - The Use of Parallel Bizonal Scales for Refined Correlation in the Jurassic of the Boreal Realm / Boris L. Nikitenko and Boris N. Shurygin. - Lower Toarcian Black Shales and Pliensbachian-Toarcian Crisis of the Biota of Siberian Paleoseas / Boris L. Nikitenko and Boris N. Shurygin. - Earliest Tertiary Cenozoic Paleogeography of the Arctic Ocean / Louie Marincovich, Jr. - Comparative Geology of Northern Chukotka and the Northern Canadian Cordillera / Yuri M. Bychkov and M. E. Gorodinsky. - Paleokarst in the Katakturuk Dolomite (Proterzoic), Northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska / James G. Clough and Mark S. Robinson. - Pre-Mississippian Rocks in the Clarence and Malcolm Rivers Area, Alaska, and the Yukon Territory / John S. Kelley, Chester T. Wrucke, and Larry S. Lane. - Correlation of Pre-Carboniferous Carbonate Successions of Northern Alaska / Julie A. Dumoulin and Anita G. Harris. - Depositional Record of a Major Tectonic Transition in Northern Alaska: Middle Devonian to Mississippian Rift-Basin Margin Deposits, Upper Kongakut River Region, Eastern Brooks Range, Alaska / Arlene V. Anderson, Wesley K Wallace, and Charles G. Mull. - Deep-Water Facies of the Lisburne Group, West-Central Brooks Range, Alaska / Julie A. Dumoulin, Anita G. Harris, and Jeanine M. Schmidt. - Conodont Biostratigraphy and Biofacies of the Wahoo Limestone (Carboniferous), Eastern Sadlerochit Mountains, Brooks Range, Alaska / Andrea P. Krumhardt, Anita G. Harris, and Keith F. Watts. - Maastrichtian/Danian(?) Ostracode Assemblages from Northern Alaska: Paleoenvironments and Paleobiogeographic Relations / Elisabeth M. Brouwers and Patrick De Deckker. - Geological and Geochemical Analysis of the Aurora Well, Offshore of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge 1002 Area / Arthur C. Banet. - Correlation Study of Selected Exploration Wells from the North Slope and Beaufort Sea, Alaska / Susan M. Banet and James Scherr. - Correlation of the Pennsylvanian-Lower Cretaceous Succession Between Northwest Alaska and Southwest Sverdrup Basin: Implications for Hanna Trough Statigraphy / Ashton F. Embry, Michael B. Mickey, Hideyo Haga, and John H. Wall. - Stratigraphic and Seismic Analyses of Offshore Yakataga Formation Sections, Northeast Gulf of Alaska / Sarah D. Zellers and Martin B. Lagoe. - Statigraphy and Correlation of the Neoproterozoic Shaler Supergroup, Amundsen Basin, Northwestern Canada / Robert H. Rainbird. - Lower Paleozoic T-R Sequence Stratigraphy, Central Canadian Arctic / Tim A. de Freitas, Ulrich Mayr, and J. Christopher Harrison. - Silurian Foredeep and Accretionary Prism in Northern Ellesmere Island: Implications for the Nature of the Ellesmerian Orogeny / Marcia G. Bjørnerud and D. C. Bradley. - Uppermost Albian-Campanian Palynological Biostratigraphy of Axel Heiberg and Ellesmere Islands (Canadian Arctic) / L. Koldo Núñez-Betelu, R. A. MacRae, L. V. Hills, and G.K Muecke. - STRUCTURE AND TECTONICS. - Triangle Zone Model for the Salt-Based Foldbelt in Canada's Arctic Islands / J. Christopher Harrison. - Subsidence Analysis and Tectonic Modeling of the Sverdrup Basin / Randell A. Stephenson, J. Boerstoel, A. F. Embry, and B. D. Rickerts. - Development of a Glaciated Arctic Continental Margin: Exemplified by the Western Margin of Svalbard / Espen S. Andersen, Anders Solheim, and Anders Elverhøi. - Basin Inversion and Thin-Skinned Deformation Associated with the Tertiary Transpressional West Spitsbergen Orogen / Arild Andresen, Steffen C. Burgh, and Pål Haremo. - The Geology of Franz Josef Land Archipelago, Russian Federation / Vitaly D. Dibner. - Triassic Marginal Basins of Northern and Eastern Europe and Evidence for Global Sea-Level Fluctuations / Vladlen R. Lozovsky. - Rift-and-Graben Systems of the Eurasian-Arctic Continental Margin / Edward V. Shipilov and E. V. Senin. - Accretionary History of Northeast Asia / Leonid N. Parfenov. - Paleomagnetism and the Kolyma Structural Loop / David B. Stone, Stephen G. Crumley, and Leonid M. Parfenov. - Major Tectonic Interpretation and Constraints for the New Siberian Islands Region, Russian Arctic / Mikhael K. Kos'ko. - Geology of Wrangel Island Between Chukchi and East Siberian Seas, Northeastern Russia - Excerpts from Geological Survey of Canada Bulletin 461 / Mikhael K. Kos'ko, Michael P. Cecile, Victor G. Ganelin, Nikolai V. Khandoshkoy, and Boris G. Lopatin. - Precambrian Rocks in the Anadyr-Koryak Region / Oleg N. Ivanov. - Deep Structure of Mafic - Ultramafic Complexes in the Anadyr - Koryak Region / Yuri Ya. Vashchilov. - Accreted Mesozoic Oceanic Complexes of Koryak Superterrane, Northeastern Russia / Vladimir N. Grigoriev, Kirill A . Krylov, and Sergey D. Sokolov. - Reconnaissance Paleomagnetism of the Olyutorsky Superterrane, NE Russia / Alexander Heiphetz, William Harbert, and Leonid Savostin. - Preliminary Reconniassance Paleomagnetism of Some Late Mesozoic Ophiolites, Kuyul Region, Northern Kayak Superterrane, Russia / Alexander Heiphetz, William Harbert, and Paul Layer. - The Gankuvayam Section, Kuyul Ophiolitic Terrane, as a Type Ophiolitic Section on the Arctic Margin of the Russian Far East / Ivan V. Panchenko. - Tectono-Magmatic Environments Within Continent-to-Ocean Transition Zone of the Northwestern Pacific / Oleg N. Ivanov. - Stratigraphy, Structure, and Origin of the Franklinian, Northeast Chukchi Basin, Arctic Alaska Plate / Kirk W. Sherwood. - Early Tertiary Wrench Faulting in the North Chukchi Basin, Chukchi Sea, Alaska / Richard T. Lothamer. - Apatite Fission-Track Evidence of Episodic Early Cretaceous to Late Tertiary Cooling and Uplift Events, Central Brooks Range, Alaska / John M. Murphy, Paul B. O'Sullivan, and Andrew J. W. Gleadow. - The Cenozoic Structural Evolution of the Northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska / Catherine L. Hanks, Wesley K. Wallace, and Paul O'Sullivan. - Timing of Tertiary Episodes of Cooling in Response to Uplift and Erosion, Northeastern Brooks Range, Alaska / Paul B. O'Sullivan. - GEOPHYSICS OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN BASINS AND MARGINS. - A New Crustal Model of the Lincoln Sea Polar Margin / Malcolm Argyle, David A. Forsyth, Andrew V. Okulitch, and Del Huston. - A New Plate Kinematic Model of Canada Basin Evolution / Larry S. Lane. - The Age of the Amerasia Basin / Ashton F. Embry and James Dixon. - Implications for Canada Basin Development from the Crustal Structure of the Southern Beaufort Sea-MacKenzie Delta Area / Randell A. Stephenson, K. C. Coflin, L. S. Lane, and J. R. Dietrich. - A Preliminary Analysis of Potential Field Data in the Southern Chukchi Sea / Bruce M. Hennan and Susan A. Zerwick. - Seismicity of the Amerasian Arctic Shelf and its Relationship to Tectonic Features / Kazuya Fujita and Boris M. Koz'min. - Generalized Rheological Model of the Lithosphere and Plate Tectonics / Vladimir P. Pan and Y. P. Zmiyensky. - The Arctic Geodynamic System: Its Boundaries, Deep Geology and Structural Evolution / Igor S. Gramberg and Y. E. Pogrebitsky. - QUATERNARY AND MARINE GEOLOGY. - The Quaternary Deposits of the Barents Sea and Valdai Glaciation of the Eurasian Arctic Shelf / Lev R. Merklin, N. N. Dunaev, O. V. Levchenko, and Yu. A. Pavlidis. - Deep Ice Scour and Mass Wasting Features on the Northern Svalbard Insular Shelf and Slope / Norman Z. Cherkis, M. D. Max, A. Midthassel, K. Crane,

Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG

Note: CONTENTS Preface Introduction Radar equipment General operation Antennas Waveforms and phase polarity Antenna directivity Field procedures and data processing Field procedures Data recording Data processing Site location Results Pegasus runway Access road from Williams Field to Pegasus runway Williams Field Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Airborne profile of a portion of the access road Abstract

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface 1. Types of ice accretion a. Frost b. Rime c. Glaze d. Spray ice 2. Conditions governing type of accreted ice a. Meteorological b. Structural 3. Accretion rates a. Fundamentals b. Effect of height c. Geographical distribution 4. Spray icing 5. Structural design factors a. Dead loads b. Wind field in the boundary layer c. Windloads 6. Techniques for minimizing structural icing 7. Data collection needs 8. Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Chapter 1. The road and its environment Introduction General physiography Regional climate Surficial and bedrock geology Permafrost and ground ice General biota Vegetation Floristic survey Vegetation mapping Soils and mapping Chapter 2. Roadbed performance and associated investigations Roadbed investigations Roadbed performance Performance of drainage features Performance of sideslopes Conclusions from road, drainage and sideslope performance studies Fuel gas line construction Chapter 3. Distribution and properties of road dust along the northern portion of the Haul Road Introduction Methods Results of wind direction and velocity measurements Dust load and distribution Particle size analyses of dust Chemical composition properties of dust and related samples Soil cation composition Dust impacts on vegetation Discussion and conclusions Chapter 4. Revegetation and restoration investigations Introduction Revegetation approaches Alyeska erosion control and revegetation program Weeds and weedy plants Performance of revegetation Alyeska willow cutting program CRREL restoration experiments Conclusions Revegetation recommendations General report recommendations Literature cited Appendix A: General environmental guidelines applicable to subarctic and arctic road construction Appendix B: University-based studies along the Yukon River-Prudhoe Bay Haul Road Appendix C: CRREL maps of Haul Road showing locations of all study Sites Appendix D: Additional Haul Road cross-sectional profiles Appendix E: Clay mineralogy of road-related materials Appendix F: List of reports in the Joint State/Federal Fish and Wildlife Ad­visory Team series

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors Introduction Field measurement and analysis of transient heat flow A closer look at handling the constraints Random change Step change Ramp change Application of theory Literature cited Appendix A. Percentage error from a step input Appendix B. Time constraints of sample walls Appendix C. Percentage error from a ramp input Appendix D. Percentage error from a sinusoidal input Appendix E. Percentage error programs for a Hewlett-Packard HP-25 calculator Appendix F. Experimental determination of time constants Appendix G. Derivation of time constant formula for multiple layers

Note: CONTENTS Introduction Literature review Objectives Materials and methods Results Observations Distribution and environmental tolerances Discussion Morphology Distribution Habitat Summary Conclusions Recommendations for future work Literature cited Appendix A Type descriptions of Acanthoecidae collected from the Weddell Sea

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction History of snow and ice roads Classification of snow and ice roads Snow pads used by Alyeska during the winter of 1975-1976 The Globe Creek snow pad The Toolik snow pad The gasline snow pad Summary and conclusions Literature cited

Note: Contents Abstract Preface lntroduction Experimental Sample preparation Testing procedure Results General features Commercial Ice Notched commercial ice Sanded commercial ice Pure ice Single crystal ice Snow-ice Colloidal alumina-dispersed ice Colloidal silica.dispersed ice NH4F doped ice HF doped ice Discussion Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors Introduction Description of school Roof problems Snow infiltration leaks Valley leaks Intersection leaks Condensation leaks Tests to verify the cause of condensation leaks Eliminating the condensation leaks Recommendations for eliminating condensation leaks Repairing existing roof An alternative roof cladding The "cold roof" alternative Repairs and modifications Summary and conclusions

Note: Ungezählte Beil.: Liite

Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research of the Federal Republic of Germany. - Introduction. - Station. - Antarctic Research Activities 1979-1980. - Planned Research Activities 1980-1981. - References.

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis Band 2b: Neue Ergebnisse zum Kohlenstoff-Isotopenaustausch im System CH4-CO2 / P. Harting ; I. Maaß. - Modelluntersuchungen zur Isotopenfraktionierung des Stickstoffs während der Metamorphose von Gesteinen / H.-M. Nitzsche ; K. Mühle ; A. Krause ; G. Schlegel ; K. Wetzel. - Variationen der Stickstoffisotope in regionalmetamorphen Gesteinen / D. Haendel ; K. Mühle ; G. Stiehl ; U. Wand. - Isotopenuntersuchungen an graphitischer Substanz von Metaschwarzschiefern des Erzgebirges und anderer Gebiete der DDR / U. Wand ; G. Stiehl ; I. Winkler ; P. Ossenkopf. - Zu einigen isotopengeochemischen Aspekten bei der Modellierung des globalen Sauerstoffkreislaufes / G. Weise ; W.-D. Hermichen. - Über die Isotopenzusammensetzung des Schwefels in sedimentären Sulfiden und Sulfaten / K. Wetzel. - Zur Schwefelisotopengeochemie basaltischer Gesteine / H.-W. Hubberten ; H. Puchelt. - Ein dynamisches Modell der Bleiisotopenevolution in der Erdkruste und im Erdmantel (russ.) = A dynamic model for lead isotope evolution in the earth's crust and mantle / B. G. Amov. - Kohlenstoff- und Wasserstoffisotopenvariationen in Methan aus Erdgasen und in Methan aus Crackreaktionen / A. Runge ; U. Wand. - Isotopische Zusammensetzung des Kohlenstoffs als ein Kriterium der Typisierung von Erdölen des Karna-Gebietes (russ.) / A. Z. Koblowa ; M. G. Frik ; W. M. Proworow. - Die isotopische Zusammensetzung des Kohlenstoffs als Fazieskriterium für organische Substanzen / I. Maaß. - Nitrogen isotope composition in natural diamonds - first results / U. Wand ; H.-M. Nitzsche ; K. Mühle ; K. Wetzel. - Über einige Isotopieeffekte des Stickstoffs in der Bodenzone / H. Hübner. - Das geologische Bild der Kohlenstoffisotopenvariation organischer Substanzen in paläozoischen Sedimentgesteinen der DDR / I. Maaß ; E. P. Müller ; P. Thomaser. - Beziehungen zwischen δ18O-Werten und stofflich-strukturellen Parametern von Silicaten / K. Wetzel ; D. Mißbach ; K. Mühle. - Richtungsaussagen über Isotopieeffekte mit Hilfe der Inkrementenmethode - Allgemeine Theorie / G. Christoph. - Richtungsaussagen über Isotopieeffekte mit Hilfe der Inkrementenmethode - 18O/16O-Isotopieeffekte in Silikaten / G. Christoph. - Vulkanogenes Kohlendioxid: Aussagen zur Herkunft aufgrund von Isotopenuntersuchungen / H. Puchelt ; H.-W. Hubberten. - Zur Druckabhängigkeit des Isotopieeffekts bei Verteilungsgleichgewichten - experimentelle und theoretische Untersuchungen an Modellsystemen / J. Heybey ; P. Harting. - Zum CO2-Austausch zwischen der nördlichen und der südlichen Hemisphäre / G. Weise ; K. Wetzel. - Fraktionierung der Quecksilberisotope in der Natur (russ.) / E. F. Doilnizyn ; W. I. Sjusin ; A. A. Obolenskij ; A. P. Perzewa. - Isotopic identification of Saharian groundwaters, groundwater formation in the past / Ch. Sonntag ; U. Thorweihe ; J. Rudolph ; E. P. Löhnert ; Chr. Junghans ; K. O. Münnich ; E. Klitzsch ; E. M. El Shazly ; F. M. Swailem. - Probleme der Auswertung von Isotopenanalysen an konzentrierten Salzlösungen im Kalibergbau / H.-D. Schmiedl. - Radiocarbon dating of the thermal waters in the Budapest area / J. Deák. - Untersuchungen zur regionalen Ausbreitung von Schadstoffen mit Hilfe technogener Isotopenvariationen / G. Weise ; I. Maaß. - Über die isotope Zusammensetzung des Stickstoffs in Gesteinen der Charnockitserie von Madras, Südindien / W. F. Wolynez ; R. D. Gawrilin ; N. L. Rao ; B. R. Reddi ; D. Haendel ; G. Stiehl ; U. Wand. - Erkenntnismöglichkeiten über natürliche Prozesse aus der Element- und Isotopenverteilung des Osmiums / H. Gerstenberger ; M. Geisler ; M. Herrmann ; H. Schelhorn. - Isotopenphysikalische Untersuchungen im Rahmen der Antarktisforschung der Bergakademie Freiberg / D. Hebert ; K. Froehlich. - Isotopenuntersuchungen zur Klärung der Genese der Grundwasserressourcen Ostsibiriens / E. V. Pinneker. - Autorenregister.

Note: Inhalt: Besser führen. - Beurteilung der Mitarbeiter. - Führung von einzelnen Mitarbeitern. - Führungsmittel. - Führung von Teams. - Betriebsklima. - Übungen. - Register.

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Objectives Conclusions Introduction Background Previous cooperative investigations Project rationale and coordination Approach Landsat imagery Interpretation techniques Part I. Use of Landsat imagery in mapping the drainage network, lakes, glaciers and snowfields (Lawrence W. Gatto) Objective Methods Results Conclusions Part II. Use of Landsat imagery in mapping and evaluating geologiclineaments and possible faults (Carolyn J. Merry) Objective Geologic structure Methods Results Conclusions Part Ill. Use of Landsat imagery in mapping surficial materials Section A. Landsat mapping (Harlan L. McKim) Objective Methods Results Section B. Field evaluation (Daniel E. Lawson) Objectives Methods Results Discussion Section C. Conclusions (Daniel E. Lawson and Harlan L. McKim) Literature cited Glossary

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Research setting Objectives Materials, mixture designs, and tests Materials Mixture design tests Brazil test Resilient modulus test Data analysis Marshall tests Asphalt grade Compactive effort Aggregate type Data analysis Brazil tests Indirect tensile strength Tensile strain Vertical deformation Summary of Brazil test results Data analysis-resilIient modulus. Comparison of mixture susceptibility to temperature cracking General asphalt concrete stiffness Thermal cracking. Influence of asphalt cement properties Summary Comparison of mixture susceptibility to traftic-load-associated distress Stress/strain analysis Fatigue damage analysis Rutting analysis Strength correlations Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength Indirect tensile strength and resilient modulus Summary Summary and conclusions Recapitulation of investigations Summary of results Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Asphalt adggregate mixture properties by Marshall method Appendix B: Equations for calculating specimen properties from Brazil tests Appendix C: Calculated displacements, strains and stresses

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Data sources and literature review Canada Alaska Data tabulation Station selection Description of tabulated data Station location and ice measurement site descriptions Review of previous studies on maximum ice in North America Maximum ice thickness maps Date of maximum ice Plotting of the ice decay curves General procedures Categories of water bodies Ice decay at sea ice locations Envelope curves Average curves Snow-ice formation Ice decay at lake ice locations Average curves Regional variations and similarities Ice decay at river ice locations Variations in ice thickness Rapid ice clearance Comparison between Alaskan and Canadian river ice decay curves Incremental extraction of ice decay data for analysis purposes Selection of ice decay intervals Preliminary evaluation of the methodology Further considerations of the methodology Relationships between ice decay and thawing air temperatures Average daily vs maximum daily air temperature 10-day increments vs accumulated values Total years vs year-to-year analysis Evaluation of use of 0°C as a base Final format of the relationship between ice decay and ATDD Evaluation of the final form Possible causes for variations in slope values Decreasing sea ice thickness and thawing air temperatures Factors affecting sea ice decay Relationship between ATDD and sea ice decay Influence of solar radiation and wind on sea ice decay Literature cited Selected bibliography Appendix A. Ice thickness measurements and other related (or associated) observations for stations in Canada and Alaska Appendix B. Maps of least and greatest ice thickness observed at the time of maximum growth, and average date of occurrence Appendix C. Annual ice decay curves for stations in Canada and Alaska

Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG

Note: Contents PREFACE CHAPTER 1. FROZEN GROUND 1.1 Frozen ground support systems Frozen earth wall Design considerations 1.2 Seasonally and perennially frozen ground Cold regions: definition Subsurface temperatures Active layer, Permafrost 1.3 Terrain features in permafrost areas Ground ice features Patterned ground 1.4 Engineering considerations Freezing process Thawing of frozen ground Frost action Useful aspects of frozen ground Ice as a construction material Problems CHAPTER 2. PHYSICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES 2.1 Composition and structure of frozen ground Soil types Phase relationships Ice phase Particle size and size distribution Consistency of cohesive soils 2.2 Soil classification Unified soil classification system Frozen soil classification 2.3 Water-ice phase relationships Unfrozen water in frozen soil Effect of solutes on freezing 2.4 Soil frost action Frost action process Frost susceptibility of soils Frost-heave forces Freeze-thaw effects on permeability 2.5 Thermal properties Thermal conductivity Heat capacity Thermal diffusiuity Latent heat of fusion Thermal expansion (or contraction) Problems CHAPTER 3. HEAT FLOW IN SOILS 3.1 Heat transfer at the ground surface Climatic factors Freezing (or thawing) indices Surface n-factor 3.2 Seasonal ground freezing (or thawing) Frost depth Thawing of frozen soil Design implications 3.3 Temperature below cooled (or heated) areas Steady state heat flow Transient temperatures Periodic heat flow 3.4 Thermal analysis: frozen ground support systems Single freeze pipe Wall formation Multiple rows of freeze pipes Problems CHAPTER 4. THAW BEHAVIOR OF FROZEN GROUND 4.1 Thaw settlement 4.2 Consolidation of thawing soils Thaw consolidation Residual stress in thawing soils 4.3 Thaw-consolidation in some layered systems Two layer soil problems Compressible soil ouer discrete ice layers Problems CHAPTER 5. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FROZEN SOILS 5.1 Stress-strain-time and strength behavior Hydrostatic pressure effect on frozen soil behavior Shear stress effect on frozen soil behavior 5.2 Factors influencing creep and strength Creep of frozen soil under constant stress Stress-strain behavior under constant strain rate Ice content effect on strength Normal pressure effect on strength Strain rate effect on strength Temperature effect on strength Frozen soil behauior at cryogenic temperatures 5.3 Analytical representation of creep and strength data General creep equation Strength of frozen soils Comparison with Vyalou's creep and strength equations Normal pressure effect on creep and strength Salinity effect on frozen soil creep and strength 5.4 Frozen soil behavior in uniaxial tension 5.5 Deformability of frozen soils 5.6 Compressibility of frozen soils Problems CHAPTER 6. CONSTRUCTION GROUND FREEZING 6.1 Design considerations Ground freezing applications Soil conditions Groundwater flow Ground movement 6.2 Freezing methods and system installation Primary plant and pumped loop secondary coolant Expendable liquid refrigerant Installation of the cooling system 6.3 Structural design of frozen earth walls Curved walls Straight walls and combinations Tunnels Finite-element method 6.4 Monitoring requirements Freeze hole deviation Temperature Frost boundary location and wall thickness 6.5 Other construction considerations Protection of exposed frozen earth Concrete placement against frozen earth Problems CHAPTER 7. FOUNDATIONS IN FROZEN SOILS 7.1 General considerations Foundations in seasonally frozen ground Foundations in permafrost 7.2 Shallow foundations Selection of foundation method Design of shallow foundations Bearing capacity Settlement considerations 7.3 Pile foundations Pile types Pile placement Pile freezeback Axially loaded piles Laterally loaded piles Anchors in frozen ground 7.4 Frost-heave forces on foundations Tangential forces on a vertical surface Design for frost heave Problems CHAPTER 8. STABILITY OF SOIL MASSES IN COLD REGIONS 8.1 Landslides in permafrost: classification 8.2 Slopes in thawing permafrost Low-angle planar flows Slides 8.3 Slopes in frozen soils 8.4 Slope stabilization methods Construction and design techniques Stabilization of planar slides Stabilization of cut slopes Problems CHAPTER 9. EARTHWORK IN COLD REGIONS 9.1 Site considerations Drainage Thermal and frost action factors Subsurface conditions Material sources 9.2 Excavation and transport Mechanical excavation Drilling and blasting Thawing frozen soil Hydraulic dredging 9.3 Field placement Compaction Placement in water 9.4 Water-retaining embankments on permafrost Unfrozen embankments Frozen embankments Maintaining the frozen state Thermal and stability considerations 9.5 Embankment performance Frost heave Settlement Stability Artificial islands CHAPTER 10. FIELD INVESTIGATIONS 10.1. Sampling frozen ground Sampling methods Sample protection 10.2 Ground-temperature measurement Temperature sensors and measuring equipment 10.3 Field testing of frozen soils Field test methods Pressuremeter test Deep static cone penetration test Other types of field tests 10.4 Geophysical methods Seismic velocities in frozen ground Electrical properties of frozen ground Geophysical techniques used in frozen ground High-frequency electrical methods Borehole logging in permafrost APPENDIX A. SYMBOLS APPENDIX B. SI UNITS APPENDIX C LABORATORY AND FIELD TESTS ON FROZEN SOILS C1 Handling, storage, and machining of specimens prior to testing C2 Uniaxial compression test C3 Uniaxial tensile test C.4 Salinity of soil pore water C5 Thermosiphon C6 Pile load test in permafrost REFERENCES AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX

Note: CONTENTS The history of vegetation during the Cenozoic in northern Yakutia / A. I. Tomskaya Paleogene spores pollen complexes from the Kolyma right bank / L. P. Zharikova On a finding of a fossil bison on the Indigirka river / P. A. Lazarev Burial conditions of skeleton and body remains of Pleistocene mammals / P. A. Lazarev On the formation of fish fauna in Yakutian reservoirs / F. N. Kirillov, V. F. Vozin The Iithological-mineraloglcal character of Cenozoic sediments of the Primorsk lowland / O. V. Grinenko, A. I. Sergeyenko Stratigraphy of Paleogene-Neogene loose deposits on the Kolyma right bank / A. S. Kazantsev, L. P. Zharikova Quarternary deposits of the Primorsk lowland (Khallerchinsk tundra) / V. B. Spector Upper Cenozoic deposits of the Kolyma lowland / O. V. Grinenko Main stages in the formation of the relief of the Primorsk lowland, East Jakutia, and its mountain surroundings / A. G. Savchenko Recent crust movements and their geomorphologic expression in the nearshore zone of the Kolyma lowland / Ya. A. Ben A comprehensive investigation of closed territory neotectonics (in the light of the Yano-Kolyma lowland) / V. A. Balandin The geomorphological expression of the Ichen overthrust zone of the Moma range / Ya. A. Ben Variations of the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea level and their role in the formation of shore deposits / K. S. Yefremov Modelling as a method of structural geomorphic analysis / V. A. Balandin , СОДЕРЖАНИЕ История развития растительности севера Якутии в кайнозое / А. И. Томская Палеогеновые спорово-пыльцевые комплексы правобережья реки Колымы / Л. П. Жарикова О находке ископаемого бизона на реке Индигирке / П . А. Лазарев Условия захоронения скелетных и трупных остатков плейстоценовых млекопитающих / П. А. Лазарев О формировании ихтиофауны в водоемах Якутии / Ф. Н. Кириллов, В. Ф. Возин Литолоrо-минералогическая характеристика кайнозойских отложений Приморской низменности / О. В. Гриненко, А. И. Серrеенко Стратиграфия рыхлых палеоген-неогеновых отложений правобережья реки Колымы / А. С. Казанцев, Л. П. Жарикова Четвертичные отложения Приморской низменности (Халлерчинская тундра) / В. Б. Спектор Верхнекайнозойские отложения Колымской низменности / О. В. Гриненко Основные этапы рельефообразования Приморской низменности Восточной Якутии и ее горного обрамления / А. Г. Савченко Современные движения земной коры и их геоморфологическое выражение в прибрежной зоне Колымской низменности / Я. А. Бень Комплексное изучение неотектоники закрытых территорий (На примере Яне-Колымской низменности) / В. А. Баландин Геоморфологическое выражени е Иченской надвиговой зоны Момского хребта / Я. А. Бень Колебания уровней морей Лаптевых и Восточно-Сибирского В голоцене и их роль в формировании прибрежно-морских отложений / К. С. Ефремов Моделирование как метод структурно-геоморфологического анализа / В. А. Баландин , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Field program Results and discussion Conclusions Literature cited Appendix: Data analysis procedures

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Velocity problem Heat and mass transfer problem - A single drop Heat and mass transfer - A system of drops Literature cited Appendix A: FORTRAN IV program to calculate final drop temperature, air temperatureand humidity

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface List of symbols Introduction Anisotropy and sea ice macrostructure Anisotropy and sea ice microstructure A theory of anisotropic radar return from sea ice Anisotropic electric flux penetration into brine layers Implications of normal exclusion, tangential penetration, and brine layer geometry for dielectric behavior of sea ice Modeling of electromagnetic reflection from a stratified, anisotropic, inhomogeneous lossy medium Calculation of mixture complex dielectric constants Calculation of interfacial power reflection coefficients Calculation of bulk power reflection coefficients Calculation of attenuated power reflection coefficients Beam spread Results Anisotropic bottom reflections Anisotropic complex dielectric constants Sensitivity of parameters Internal reflection: the bumps Discussion Conclusions Literature cited

Note: Enth.: Introduction -- Pt. 2. Union of South Africa from Olifants River to Mossel Bay. With an appendix on conditions at Saldanha Bay, Cape Town and Simonstown -- Pt. 3. Union of South Africa from Mossel Bay to East London.With an appendix on conditions oat Mossel Bay and Port Elizabeth -- Pt. 4. Union of South Africa from East London to Kosi Bay.With an appendix on conditions at East London and Durban -- Pt. 5. Portuguese East Africa (Mocambique) and Mocambique Channel -- Pt. 5a. Madagascar. With an appendix on conditions at Mayotte, Diégo Suarez, Nossi Bé and Tamatave

Note: in kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Eröffnungsvortrag: Die Entwicklung der Isotopen- und Strahlenforschung in der DDR / K. Wetzel. - Neuere Arbeiten zur Stoffanalytik / G. Brunner. - Die Entwicklung der massenspektroskopischen Elementspurenanalyse / H.-J. Dietze. - Anwendung der theoretischen Physik in der Isotopen- und Strahlenforschung / R. Haberlandt. - Zur Anwendung radioaktiver tracer in der Industrie / H. Koch. - Die Wechselwirkung von Kernstrahlung mit Gasen - Grundlagen und Anwendungen / J. Leonhardt, J. Boes, H.-J. Grosse, P. Popp. - Stand und Entwicklungstendenzen der strahlenchemischen Forschung / W. Reicherdt. - Die Trennung, Gewinnung und Nutzung von Spaltprodukten / M. Roesseler. - Isotope in der Natur / H. Schuetze. - Beteiligung des Zentralinstitutes für Isotopen- und Strahlenforschung im Rahmen der DDR-Antarktisforschung während der 23. Sowjetischen Antarktisexpedition (SAE) 1977-1979 / G. Strauch, D. Fritzsche. - Radionuklide in Diagnostik und Therapie / Dr. Vormum. - Übersicht über die bisher erschienenen Nummern der ZfI-Mitteilungen.

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1. Einleitende Übersicht 2. Nationale und internationale Zusammenarbeit 3. Forschungsarbeiten - Expeditionen 3.1 Antarktisexpedition X/2-8 3.2 Arktisexpedition IX 3.3 Antarktisexpedition Xl 3.4 Landexpedition Sibirien 4. Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Sektionen 4.1 Biologie I (Zoologie) 4.2 Biologie II (Botanik und Mikrobiologie) 4.3 Chemie 4.4 Geologie 4.5 Geophysik 4.6 Physik des Ozeans und der Atmosphäre I 4.7 Physik des Ozeans und der Atmosphäre II 4.8 Meeresphysik und Meßwesen 4.9 Forschungsstelle Potsdam 5. Ausgewählte Forschungsthemen Die Entwicklung von Kaltwasser-Makroalgen Die Biodiversität des antarktischen Benthos Weddellrobben - Tieftaucher in der Hochantarktis Die weltweit verbreitete Planktonalge Phaeocystis: Untersuchungen zu physiologischen und molekularen Unterschieden Die Entwicklung von Algen- und Bakteriengemeinschaften im Meereis Zooplanktonkot in der Arktis: Nahrungsgrundlage im Pelagial oder Transportvehikel bei der Sedimentation? Stimuliert ein globaler Anstieg des Kohlendioxids die marine Primärproduktion? Die Beziehung zwischen Huminstoffen und Aminosäuren in polaren Gewässern Die Ozonverteilung in der Atmosphäre über dem Atlantik Pinatubo-Aerosole und polare stratosphärische Wolken Spurengas-Messungen in der arktischen Stratosphäre während der Polarnacht Die mittleren vertikalen Ozonverteilungen über Arktis und Antarktis Eisbewegung und Subglazialtopographie im Umfeld der Schirmacheroase, Ostantarktis Umweltgeschichte der kontinentalen Ostantarktis - aufgezeichnet in Seesedimenten Das antarktische Meereis und seine Verbreitung in geologischer Vorzeit-Rekonstruktion und Modellierung Kalt- und Warmzeiten im Südatlantik anhand benthischer Foraminiferen Terrigener Sedimenteintrag im östlichen Arktischen Ozean Mineralbildung in Sedimenten und Böden der Permafrostzone Seismische Untersuchungen im eurasischen Becken (Arktischer Ozean) Untersuchungen zum Massenhaushalt des Inlandeises in Nordostgrönland Wassermassenbildung im Storfjord - ein Modell arktischer Schelfgebiete Atmosphärische Rollenkonvektion in der Framstraße ERS-l Radaraufnahmen des antarktischen Meereises Der Einfluß von Algen auf die physikalischen Prozesse im Meereis: ein Modell Die Bestimmung der Zirkulation im Weltmeer aus hydrographischen Daten Auswirkungen der Tiefenwasserproduktion auf die Zirkulation des Nordatlantik Infrarot-Zeilenkamera zur verbesserten Meereisfernerkundung LlDAR-Gerät zur Beobachtung fluoreszierender Stoffe im Meer Untersuchung der durch das Ozonloch verursachten UV-B Belastung auf Produktion und Artenzusammensetzung des Phytoplanktons 6. Logistik 7. Zentrale Einrichtungen 7.1 Öffentlichkeitsarbeit 7.2 Bibliothek 7.3 Rechenzentrum 8. Personeller Ausbau und Haushaltsentwicklung 8.1 Personal 8.2 Haushalt Anhang I Personal II Wissenschaftliche Veranstaltungen III Publikationen des Instituts IV Veröffentlichungen der Mitarbeiter V Abgeschlossene Examensarbeiten VI "Polarstern"-Expeditionen , Contents 1. Introductory Overview 2. International and National Cooperation 3. Research Projects - Expeditions 3.1 ANT X/2-8 3.2 ARK IX 3.3 ANT XI 3.4 Land Expedition to Siberia 4. Scienlific Work of the Sections 4.1 Biology I (Zoology, Ecophysiology and Macroalgae Ecology) 4.2 Biology II (Botany and Microbiology) 4.3 Chemistry 4.4. Geology 4.5 Geophysics and Glaciology 4.6 Physics of the Ocean and Atmosphere I 4.7 Physics of the Ocean and Atmosphere II 4.8 Marine Physics and Instrumentation 4.9 Potsdam Research Unit 5. Selected Research Topics The Evolution of cold-water macroalgae Antarctic Benthos Biodiversity Weddell Seals - deep divers in the High Antarctic The Cosmopolitan Planktonic Alga Phaeocystis: investigations into physiological and molecular differences Development of algal and bacterial communities in sea ice Zooplankton Faeces in Arctic Waters: Food for the Pelagic System or Transport Vehicle for Sedimenting Matter? Does the Global C02 Increase Stimulate Marine Primary Production? Relationship between Humic Substances and Amino Acids in Polar Waters The Ozone Distribution in the Atmosphere over the Atlantic Ocean Pinatubo Aerosols and Polar Stratospheric Clouds.. Measurement of Trace Gases in the Arctic Stratosphere during the Polar Night The Mean Vertical Distributions of Ozone above the Arctic and Antarctic Ice Movement and Sub-glacial Topography in the Vicinity of the Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctic The Environmental History of the Continental East Antarctic as Recorded in Lake Sediments The Antarctic Sea Ice and its Extent in Geologically Prehistoric Times - Reconstruction and Modelling Benthic Foraminifera- Indicators of Glacial and Interglacial Climate in the South Atlantic Ocean Terrigenous Sediment Supply to the Eastern Arctic Ocean Mineral Formation in the Sediments and Soils of the Permafrost Zone Seismic Investigations in the Eurasian Basin (Arctic Ocean) Investigations into the Mass Balance of the Inland Ice in Northeast Greenland Water Mass Formation in the Storfjord - a Model of Arctic Shelf Regions Atmospheric Roll-Convection in the Fram Strait ERS-1 Radar Images of the Antarctic Sea Ice The Influence of Algae on the Physical Processes in Sea Ice: a Model Estimation of the Global Ocean Circulation from Hydrographic Measurements Influence of Deep Water Production on the North Atlantic General Circulation Infrared Line Scanner for Improved Remote Sensing of Sea Ice The LIDAR Instrument for Observation of Fluorescent Matter in the Ocean lnvestigation of the UV-B Impact on Phytoplankton Production and Species Composition 6. Logistics 6.1 Polar Stations 6.2 Research Vessels "Polarsten" and "Victor Hensen" 6.3 Polar Aircraft and Helicopters 6.4 General Logistics 7. Central Services 7.1 Press and Public Relations 7.2 Library 7.3 Computer Centre 8. Personnel Expansion and Budget Development 8.1 Personnel 8.2 Budget Annex I. Personnel II. Scientific Events Ill. Publications of the Institute IV. Publications by Members of Staff V. Completed Theses and Dissertations VI. "Polarstern" Expeditions

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction One-dimensional equations of simultaneous heat and moisture flux Moisture transport Heat transport Phase change Coupling effects Frost heave algorithm Development of computer model Finite difference vs finite element method Finite element formulation Time domain solution Evaluation of the mathematical model Heat flux Moisture flux Numerical dispersion Frost heave of homogeneous laboratory samples Conclusions Recommended studies to refine the model Literature cited Appendix A. Work plan, staffing and instrumentation requirements for correlating results oflaboratory frost susceptibility tests with field performance Appendix B. Proposed investigation of thaw weakening of subgrade soil and granular unboundbase course Appendix C. Derivation of finite element system matrices

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Literature review Experimental design Climate Results and discussion Nutrient sources Mulches Soil fertility Cost analysis Summary and conclusions Literature cited

Note: INHALT Summary Verzeichnis der Abbildungen Verzeichnis der Tabellen Erläuterung der verwendeten Abkürzungen 1. EINLEITUNG 2. UNTERSUCHUNGSGEBIETE 2.1 Oberbayerische Alpenrandseen 2.2 Maarseen der Eifel 2.3 Hessische Baggerseen 2.4 Sonstige Seen 3. MATERIAL UND METHODEN 3.1 Probenahme und Substrat 3.2 Präparation und Auszählung 3.3 Chemisch-physikalische Parameter 3.4 Bestimmung der trophischen Kenngrößen 3.4.1 Toleranzen und Artengruppen 3.4.2 Präferenzen und Indikationssystem 3.5 Weitere statistische Verfahren und Kenngrößen der Gesellschaftsstruktur 4. ERGEBNISSE 4.1 Trophie-Indikation anhand von Aufwuchs-Diatomeen 4.1.1 Gesellschaftsstrukturen und trophischer Status 4.1.2 Trophische Valenzen und Artengruppen 4.1.3 Die Diatomeenflora der Seen: Vorkommen und Autökologie 4.1.4 Trophische Charakterisierung der Alpenrandseen anhand der Diatomeenflora Anwendung des Indikationssystems 4.1.5 Diversität und Trophie 4.2 Substrateinfluß 4.2.1 Gesellschaften natürlicher Substrate 4.2.2 Gesellschaften künstlicher Substrate 4.3 Bemerkungen zur Saisonalität: Der Aspektwechsel in den Alpenrandseen 5. DISKUSSION 6. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG 7. LITERATUR 8. ARTENREGISTER

Note: CONTENTS Preface Nomenclature Introduction Mathematical formulation Limiting cases of the governing equations Nondimensionalization scheme Numerical solutions and comparison to experiments Unconstrained Coulomb flow model with constant bed friction Unconstrained Coulomb flow with boundary drag term Conclusions and remarks Literature cited Abstract

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction The Environment Ice Growth and Accumulation Natural Ice Transport Accumulation Sites 1. Under-ice accumulation 2. Accumulation on top of the ice Evaluation of Ice Disposal Techniques 1. General 2. Disposal by displacement under the remaining ice sheet 3. Disposal by ejection on top of adjacent ice cover 4. Disposal by slurrying 5. Disposal by rafting Conclusions and Recommendations Literature Cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Methods Site description Oil application Physical characterization Thermal characterization Oil and oily soil characterization Soil microbiological methodology Vegetation Results and discussion Oil movement Effects on permafrost Compositional changes Microbiological responses Oil effects on vegetation Conclusions Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A Physical and thermal information Appendix B Chemical information Appendix C Microbiological information

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Objectives Climate Site preparation and data collection Instrumentation, measurements and calibration Relocation of measurement site, Fall 1976 Visual observations, ice conditions, and pertinent photography Analysis Air temperature comparisons Degree days of freezing Prediction of ice growth Water and ice temperature Wind Solar radiation Grand Isle ferry operations 1976-77 Conclusions Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A. General observations of ice conditions on Lake Champlain

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Zero superheat Constant phase change rate Zero sensible heat Finite sensible heat Finite superheat Quasi-steady solution Heat balance integral solution Approximate methods Conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors Introduction STARMET Test description Test results PLANEWAVE II Test description Test results DATEX II Test description Test results HANDEC II Test description Test results ROCKTEST II Test description Test results Summary and discussion Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Preface Conversion factors Introduction Estimates and field measurements of ice forces on structures General Indirect estimates Direct measurements Small-scale and laboratory studies Instrumentation plan for measuring ice loads on the Yukon River Bridge Load cell development The single reaction beam system Performance of a single reaction beam load cell The double reation beam load cell Reaction beam design Stress in the beam Deflection Axial tensile stress in the reaction beam Measurement techniques Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A. Finding load magnitude and location with a single reaction beam device Appendix B. Finding load magnitude and location on a double reaction beam device

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface List of symbols Introduction Experimental apparatus Experimental procedures Analysis of forces Experimental results Analysis of data Conclusions Literature cited

Note: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Предисловие Принципы тектонического районирования / Т. Н. Спижарский Периодизация тектонической истории Земли / Ч. В. Ворукаев Тектоника и "тектоники" / В. Ю Забродин, В. А. Кулындышев, В. А. Соловьев Иерархия тектонических объектов, их геоценозы и тектонические карты / В. И. Драгунов Глубинное строение и тектоника фундамента Сибирской платформы / Э. Э. Фотиади, М. П. Гришин, В. И. Лотышев, В. С. Сурков Место тектоники среди других наук о Земле / Ю. Н. Карогодин К теории дизъюнктивов / В. Ю. Забродин Методологические аспекты и критерии выделения основных структурных элементов земной коры / В. С. Бочкарев Карта разломов территории СССР и сопредельных стран масштаба 1:2 500 000 / Н. А. Беляевский, А. И. Суворов, В.А. Унксов, С. Н. Тихомиров, С. К. Барыкин, Б. В. Ермков, А. Е. Михайлов, Ю. Е. Погребицкий, Г. З. Попова, Ю. М. Саркисов, В. Н. Семов, К. А. Шуркин О размещении промышленно-перспективных районов в поле плотности дизъюнктивов Сибири / В. В. Вогацкий, В. И. Витязь, В. Я. Ероменко, М. А. Чурилин Энергетика и эволюция мантийной циркуляции / К. И. Хейсканен Тектоническая позиция глубинных гранулитов и особенности строения нижних горизонтов земной коры / Л. П. Карсаков Спиральные системы геологических структур и некоторые приемы их выяв-ления / М. А. Чурилин Новая ротационная гипотеза структурообразования и тектоника плит / К. Ф. Тяпкин Значение будинажа при картировании немых толщ докембрия / С. Н. Кудрин Определение простракственной связи трещин отрыва со сместителем при комбинированных тектонических перемещениях / О. А. Сокольников Унаследованные и новообразованные Структуры многоэтапных деформаций / М. М. Константинов Применение дистанционных методов при тектонических исследованиях в западной части Сибирской платформы / Л. М. Герасимов, В. Ю. Лускина Разрывные нарушения Сибирской платформы по данным дешифрирования телевизионных космических снимков / В. Я. Ероменко Структурное районирование и металлогеническая специфика вых областей юга азиатской части СССР / В. А. Амантов, Е. В. Выковская, Г. Л. Добрецов, А. Л. Додин, Е. М. Заблоцкий, П. С. Матросов, У. И. Моисееnко, В. R. Путинцев, Ж. Н. Рудакова, Г. Н. Шапошников, А. Д. Щеглов Основные этапы развития древних платформ / К. Б. Мокшанцев, А. Ф. Петров, Г. С. Фрадкин Континенты и океаны раннего докембрия Сибири / А. М. Лейтес, В. С. Федоровский Тектоническая позиция анортозитовой формации Сибирской платформы и ее место в истории становления земной коры / В. Н. Мошкин , CONTENT Preface Principles of tectonic zoning / T. N. Spizharsky Periodization of the tectonic history of the Earth / Ch. V. Vorukaev Tectonics and “tectonics” / V. Yu Zabrodin, V. A. Kulyndyshev, V. A. Solovyov Hierarchy of tectonic objects, their geocenoses and tectonic maps / V. I. Dragunov Deep structure and tectonics of the foundation of the Siberian Platform / E. E. Fotiadi, M. P. Grishin, V. I. Lotyshev, V. S. Surkov The place of tectonics among other earth sciences / Yu. N. Karogodin On the theory of disjunctive / V. Yu. Zabrodin Methodological aspects and criteria for identifying the main structural elements of the earth's crust / V. S. Bochkarev Map of faults in the territory of the USSR and neighboring countries on a scale of 1:2,500,000 / N.A. Belyaevsky, A.I. Suvorov, V.A. Unksov, S. N. Tikhomirov, S. K. Barykin, B. V. Ermkov, A. E. Mikhailov, Yu. E. Pogrebitsky, G. Z. Popova, Yu. M. Sarkisov, V. N. Semov, K. A. Shurkin On the placement of industrially promising areas in the field of density of disjuncts of Siberia / V. V. Vogatsky, V. I. Vityaz, V. Ya. Eromenko, M. A. Churilin Energy and evolution of mantle circulation / K. I. Heiskanen Tectonic position of deep granulites and structural features of the lower horizons of the earth’s crust / L. P. Karsakov Spiral systems of geological structures and some techniques for their identification / M. A. Churilin New rotational hypothesis of structure formation and plate tectonics / K. F. Tyapkin The importance of boudinage when mapping silent Precambrian strata / S. N. Kudrin Determination of the spatial connection of detachment cracks with a displacement fault during combined tectonic movements / O. A. Sokolnikov Inherited and newly formed Structures of multi-stage deformations / M. M. Konstantinov Application of remote sensing methods in tectonic studies in the western part of the Siberian platform / L. M. Gerasimov, V. Yu. Luskina Discontinuity violations of the Siberian platform according to the interpretation of television space images / V. Ya. Eromenko Structural zoning and metallogenic specificity of the southern Asian parts of the USSR / V. A. Amantov, E. V. Vykovskaya, G. L. Dobretsov, A. L. Dodin, E. M. Zablotsky, P. S. Matrosov, U. I. Moiseenko, V. R. Putintsev, Zh. N. Rudakova, G. N. Shaposhnikov, A. D. Shcheglov The main stages of the development of ancient platforms / K. B. Mokshantsev, A. F. Petrov, G. S. Fradkin Continents and oceans of the Early Precambrian of Siberia / A. M. Leites, V. S. Fedorovsky Tectonic position of the anorthosite formation of the Siberian platform and its place in the history of the formation of the earth’s crust / V. N. Moshkin , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Предисловие Принципы и методика построения тектонических карт нефтегазоносных территорий СССР / Г. Х. Дикенштейн, Ю. Н. Швембергер, И. М. Алиев Требования к содержанию и принципы построения тектонических карт нефтегазоносных территорий / В. С. Старосельцев Количественные подходы к тектоническому районированию нефтегазоносных областей (на примере Енисей-Ленского регионального мегапрогиба) / Ю. Н. Карогодин, А. И. Прокопенко Тектоника палеозойского нефтегазоносного комплекса юга Западно-Сибирской плиты / Н. П. Запивалов, В. И. Московская, И. И. Плуман Тектоника и генезис Западно-Сибирской плиты в свете новых геолого-геофизических данных / М. Я. Рудкевич Связь трещиноватости пород с пликативными структурами первого порядка (на примере Западно-Сибирской плиты и Вилюйской гемисинеклизы) / К. И. Микуленко, Е. Д. Глухманчук, Л. А. Сечкина, Г. Г. Шемин Эпикаледонские наложенные впадины и их газоносность / Е. Д. Думнов Особенности строения фундамента Минусинского межгорного прогиба / Я. В. Шатов, П. С. Долгушин, 3. В. Разилова Структурные особенности платформенного чехла западной части Сибирской платформы в связи с оценкой перспектив поисков месторождений нефти и газа / В. Д. Накаряков, К. Н. Васильева, А. М Иванов, В. Е. Кучеров, В. Г. Сибгатуллиn, Ю. А. Шарыгин Анализ палеотектонических движений Сибирской платформы в связи с оценкой генерации и аккумуляции углеводородов и консервация их залежей в домезозойских отложениях / Т. К Баженова, Ю. И. Ипатов, К. К. Макаров, Ю. М. Шуменкова Тектоническое районирование Вилюйской гемисинеклизы в связи с ее нефтегазоносностью / В. Е. Бакин, В. А. Богдашев, А. А. Гудков, К. И. Микуленко, В. С. Ситников О блоковом строении и иефтегазоносности Тунгусского бассейна / Б. А.Соколов, В. А. Егоров, Ю. Р. Мазор, Ю. В. Пискарев История формирования и перспективы нефтегазоносности Момо-3ырянской впадины / Б. И. Ким Результаты и проблемы изучения тектоники западной части Сибирской платформы и Енисей-Хатангского прогиба по геолого-геофизическим данным / В. И. Яскевич, Ю. К. Яковлев, А. П. Четвергов, В. П. Ключко, В. И. Степанов Тектонический анализ платформенных структур методом построения графиков амплитуд / Е, М. Максимов Тектоника о. Сахалин и прилегающего шельфа / В. В Харахинов, В. Э. Kононов, Ю. С. Мавринский, А. А. Терещепков, Ю. А. Тронов Разломы о. Сахалин и прилегающего шельфа / В. В Харахинов, С. Д. Гальцев-Безюк, Ю. С. Мавринский, А. А. Терещенко, И. М. Альперович Основные структурные елементы Хоккайдо-Сахалинской складчатой области / В. И. Головинский, И. И. Тютрин Прогибы зоны сочленения Сихотэ-Алинской и Хоккайдо-Сахалинской складчатых систем / Н. В. Kуликов, А. А. Терещенков Эндогенный режим Сахалина / Д. Ф. Семенов, Л. С. Маргулис, А. А. Апдреев, В. Ф. Евсеев О тектонике Охотского моря / Ю. С. Мавринский, В. А. Бабошина, Н. В. Kуликов, В. В. Харахинов Строение, развитие и перспективы нефтегазоносности подводных окраин Западной Африки и Восточной Азии / А. Ю. Юнов Формационный анализ осадочных бассейнов северо-западной части Тихоокеанскоrо пояса / Ю. K. Вурлин, О. K. Важенова Методика неотектонического анализа переходной зоны от континента к океану / Г. Ф. Уфимцев , Translation of Contents Preface Principles and methods for constructing tectonic maps of oil and gas-bearing territories of the USSR / G. Kh. Dikenshtein, Yu. N. Shvemberger, I. M. Aliev Content requirements and principles for constructing tectonic maps of oil and gas-bearing territories / V. S. Staroseltsev Quantitative approaches to tectonic zoning of oil and gas-bearing regions (on the example of the Yenisei-Lena regional megatrough) / Yu. N. Karogodin, A. I. Prokopenko Tectonics of the Paleozoic oil and gas complex of the south of the West Siberian Plate / N. P. Zapivalov, V. I. Moskovskaya, I. I. Pluman Tectonics and genesis of the West Siberian plate in the light of new geological and geophysical data / M. Ya. Rudkevich Relationship between rock fracturing and first-order plicative structures (using the example of the West Siberian Plate and the Vilyui hemisyneclise) / K. I. Mikulenko, E. D. Glukhmanchuk, L. A. Sechkina, G. G. Shemin Epicaledonian superimposed depressions and their gas content / E. D. Dumnov Features of the structure of the foundation of the Minusinsk intermountain trough / Ya. V. Shatov, P. S. Dolgushin, Z. V. Razilova Structural features of the platform cover of the western part of the Siberian platform in connection with the assessment of prospects for prospecting for oil and gas fields / V. D. Nakaryakov, K. N. Vasilyeva, A. M. Ivanov, V. E. Kucherov, V. G. Sibgatullin, Yu. A. Sharygin Analysis of paleotectonic movements of the Siberian platform in connection with the assessment of the generation and accumulation of hydrocarbons and the conservation of their deposits in pre-Mesozoic deposits / T. K. Bazhenova, Yu. I. Ipatov, K. K. Makarov, Yu. M. Shumenkova Tectonic zoning of the Vilyui hemisyneclise in connection with its oil and gas potential / V. E. Bakin, V. A. Bogdashev, A. A. Gudkov, K. I. Mikulenko, V. S. Sitnikov On the block structure and oil and gas content of the Tunguska basin / B. A. Sokolov, V. A. Egorov, Yu. R. Mazor, Yu. V. Piskarev History of formation and prospects for oil and gas potential of the Momo-3yryansk depression / B. I. Kim Results and problems of studying the tectonics of the western part of the Siberian platform and the Yenisei-Khatanga trough based on geological and geophysical data / V. I. Yaskevich, Yu. K. Yakovlev, A. P. Chetvergov, V. P. Klyuchko, V. I. Stepanov Tectonic analysis of platform structures by constructing amplitude graphs / E, M. Maksimov Tectonics o. Sakhalin and the adjacent shelf / V. V. Kharakhinov, V. E. Kononov, Yu. S. Mavrinsky, A. A. Tereshchepkov, Yu. A. Tronov Faults o. Sakhalin and the adjacent shelf / V. V. Kharakhinov, S. D. Galtsev-Bezyuk, Yu. S. Mavrinsky, A. A. Tereshchenko, I. M. Alperovich Main structural elements of the Hokkaido-Sakhalin folded region / V. I. Golovinsky, I. I. Tyutrin Deflections of the junction zone of the Sikhote-Alin and Hokkaido-Sakhalin fold systems / N. V. Kulikov, A. A. Tereshchenkov Endogenous regime of Sakhalin / D. F. Semenov, L. S. Margulis, A. A. Apdreev, V. F. Evseev On the tectonics of the Sea of Okhotsk / Yu. S. Mavrinsky, V. A. Baboshina, N. V. Kulikov, V. V. Kharakhinov Structure, development and prospects for oil and gas potential of the underwater margins of West Africa and East Asia / A. Yu. Yunov Formational analysis of sedimentary basins of the northwestern part of the Pacific belt / Yu. K. Vurlin, O. K. Vazhenova Methodology for neotectonic analysis of the transition zone from the continent to the ocean / G. F. Ufimtsev , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS: I. National Committee for Antarctic Research, and National Operating Body. - II. Map of Stations. - Ill. Permanent Observatories, Regular Observations and Long-term Monitoring. - IV. Report on Highlights of Science Activities from Previous Reporting Period (1 Oct. 93 - 31 March 94). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - V. List of Permits and Rationale for Entry into SPAs and SSSIs. - VI. Prospectus of Planned Activities for Coming Reporting Period (1 April 94 - 31 March 95). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - VII. Future Activities Planned & Funded (beyond 31 March 95). - A. Biology. - B. Geodesy & Geographic Information. - C. Geology. - D. Solid Earth Geophysics. - E. Glaciology. - F. Human Biology & Medicine. - G. Atmospheric Sciences. - H. Logistics. - I. Ocean Physical Sciences (incl. Marine Chemistry). - VIII. Bibliography. - IX. List of Principal Investigators and Responsible Authorities.