ALBERT

Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 0. Aufgabenstellung. - 1. Untersuchungsmethodik. - 1.1. Mächtigkeitsanalyse. - 1.2. Faziesanalyse. - 1.3. Genauigkeitsbetrachtung. - 2. Ergebnisse: Paläotektonische Entwicklung in der Trias. - 2.1. Vorbemerkungen. - 2.2. Spezielle Ergebnisse. - 2.2.1. Unterer Buntsandstein. - 2.2.2. Mittlerer Buntsandstein. - 2.2.3. Oberer Buntsandstein. - 2.2.4. Muschelkalk. - 2.2.5. Unterer Keuper. - 2.2.6. Mittlerer Keuper. - 2.2.7. Oberer Keuper. - 2.3. Grundzüge der Deckgebirgsentwicklung während der Trias. - 3. Hinweise für Folgearbeiten. - 4. Zusammenfassung. - 5. Literaturverzeichnis. - 6. Abbildungs- und Anlagenverzeichnis. - 7. Stellungnahme der Bereichsleitung.

Note: Contents: Preface: Scientific activity of the Silesian University in the polar regions in 1977-1980. - PAPERS. - Ablation by calving and 20th century recession of glaciers in the Hornsund area (Spitsbergen). Preliminary results / Jacek Jania. - The occurence and origin of coarse crystalline calcite in the carbonate massiffs of Sørkappland (South Spitsbergen) / Łukasz Karwowski, Andrzej Kozik. - Surface run-off dynamics of the basin of the Nordfall Glacier steam (South Spitsbergen) / Jan Leszkiewicz. - Karst springs at the foot of Rasstupet wall in the South Spitsbergen in the investigations from 1978 / Jan Leszkiewicz. - Aeolian activity in the Gås Bay region (South Spitsbergen) / Tadeusz Szczypek. - Geomorphological activity of flowing waters on the Kaffiöyra plain (Spitsbergen) / Kazimierz Sendobry. - Preliminary characteristics of the basins in the vicinity of Henryk Arctowski Station on King George Island (South Shetlands) / Andrzej Kozik. - SCIENTIFIC DOCUMENTATION. - Meteorological investigations in South Spitsbergen in the summer of 1978. Specification / Andrzej Kaminski. - Meteorological materials collected in South Spitsbergen in the summer of 1979. Specification / Andrzej Kaminski. - Preliminary results of hydrological and hydrochemical investigations in Fugleberget basin (SW Spitsbergen) / Wiesława Krawczyk, Marian Pulina. - Karst springs at the foot of the Rasstupet wall. Specification of 1978-1979 / Jan Leszkiewicz, Jerzy Wach, Jan Waga. - Scientific publications from the polar expeditions of the Silesian University. , In polnischer Sprache , Zusammenfassung in englischer und russischer Sprache

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors: U.S. customary to metric Introduction Glacial characteristics Water treatment Materials and methods Experimental design Pilot plant intake Hydrocyclone Chemical addition system Flocculation system Filtration system Pilot plant operations Coagulant chemical preparations Flow measurement Sampling Results and discussion Kenai River w ater quality Evaluation of pilot plant testing Performance of pilot plant elements Physical and chem ical variables Conclusions Recommendations Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Methods Reading records Refractions Reflections Rayleigh waves Spatial resolution Anomalies Results and discussion Seismic velocity distribution Attenuation Low-level natural seismicity Summary Literature cited Appendix A: Error estimates Appendix B: Velocity profiles Appendix C: Seismic cross sections

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors Summary Introduction Determining economic thicknesses for insulation Background Analysis method for new construction Analysis method for reinsulating existing construction Sensitivity and longevity of the results Sensitivity Longevity Recommendations Saving money vs. saving energy Energy economics conservation Building energy performance standards Conclusion Literature cited Appendix A: Heating system costs Appendix B: Present worth factors Appendix C: Base case and incremental thermal properties Appendix D: LCC comparison graphs for wall and roof systems Appendix E: Cost penalties for energy conservatism Appendix F: Graphic aid for figuring energy savings thermal improvements

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Setting Geology and soils Vegetation Climate Air temperature Precipitation Hydrology Annual and monthly runoff Individual storms Baseflow recessions Spatial flow variability Temporal flow variability Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Station histories

Note: Contents: Abstract Preface Introduction Vapor flow Temperature profile Crystal growth rates Equilibirum versus kinetic growth forms of snow crystals Discussion Summary Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Introduction Profiling system Theoretical considerations Field program Discussion Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Foreword Introduction Terminology Tool forces Number of active cutting teeth Tool force and chain force Chain power Tool turce and belt power Tractive thrust and normal reaction Traction of carrier vehicles Power/weight ratio Cutter bar moments Specific energy Performance index Power density Apparent belt pressure Acceleratin and transport of cuttings Examples

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift , Zusammenfassung und Inhaltsverzeichnis in englischer Sprache

Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS Preface CONFERENCE SUMMARY / A. L. Fymat TEMPERATURE SOUNDING INVERSION METHODS AND THE OBSOLESCENCE OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR SPECIFYING PHYSICAL OBSERVABLES / J. I. F. King SOME EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECT OF REMOTE SOUNDING TEMPERATURES UPON WEATHER FORECASTING / M. Halem, M. Ghil and R. Atlas NONLINEAR INVERSION: THEORY AND PRAXIS / J. I. F. King A NEW TREATMENT OF THE BOUNDARY TERM IN THE INVERSION OF THE RADIATIVE TRANSFER EQUATION / H. E. Fleming and D. S. Crosby EVALUATION OF ERRORS IN DERIVED CLEAR COLUMN RADIANCES / L. McMillin RECURSIVE FILTERING OF RADIANCE DATA FROM NIMBUS-E SATELLITE / I. A. Ismail DEPENDENCE OF THE TEMPERATURE DEVIATION OF THE OCEAN SURFACE AS MEASURED BY SATELLITE ON THE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF AEROSOLS / T. Takashima THE DETERMINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE PROFILES FROM INFRARED INTERFEROMETER MEASUREMENTS ON BOARD OF METEOR-25 / V. A. Golovko and D. Spänkuch COMPOSITION SOUNDING GLOBAL TOTAL OZONE DETERMINATION FROM NIMBUS 4 BUV SPACECRAFT DATA / A. J. Fleig, R. S. Fraser, B. W. Guenther, D. F. Heath, E. Hilsenrath, L. V. Novak, V. G. Kaveeshwar, R. D. McPeters, C. L. Mateer and A. G. Miller INFORMATION CONTENT AND RESULTS OF NON-LINEAR INVERSION OF NIMBUS 6 LIMB RADIANCE INVERSION RADIOMETER DATA / J. C. Gille and P. L. Bailey AN APPROXIMATE METHOD FOR NONLINEAR INVERSION OF LIMB RADIANCE OBSERVATIONS / P. L. Bailey and J. C. Gille A NONLINEAR TECHNIQUE FOR INVERTING LIMB ABSORPTION PROFILES / J. D. Mill and S. R. Drayson SENSITIVITY OF THE INVERSION OF LIMB RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS IN THE 6.3μm WATER VAPOR BAND / H. Fischer AN ANALYSIS OF NIMBUS-V THIR 6-7 μm OBSERVATIONS OVER THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA / M. Roulleau MICROWAVE GROUND-BASED DETERMINATION OF ATMOSPHERIC TOTAL WATER CONTENT / G. G. Shchukin and L. P. Bobylev A SOLAR HETERODYNE RADIOMETER FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE ALTITUDINAL PROFILES OF ATMOSPHERIC GASES / V. I. Astakhov, N. V. Vanin, V. V. Galaktionov, V. M. Dorokhov, V. M. Zakharovand V. U. Khattatov PASSIVE REMOTE SENSING IN THE PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE SCATTERING: A NUMERICAL INVERSION METHOD / B. R. Barkstrom PARTICULATE SOUNDING RECONSTRUCTING THE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF SPHERICAL PARTICLES FROM ANGULAR FORWARD SCATTERING DATA / A. L. Fymat and K. D. Mease COMPLEX REFRACTIVE INDEX OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS: A SIZE DISTRIBUTION INDEPENDENT RETRIEVAL APPROACH USING MULTISPECTRAL TRANSMISSION RATIOS / A. L. Fymat and K. D. Mease THE METHOD OF MULTIFREQUENCY LASER SOUNDING OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL MICROSTRUCTURE / V. E. Zuev and I. E. Naats LASER SOUNDING OF THE ATMOSPHERE USING AEROSOL SCATTERING / V. E. Zuev STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOL LAYERS MONITORED BY LIDAR / R. Reiter, H. Jaeger, W. Carnuth and M. Littfass LIDAR DETECTION OF ATMOSPHERIC CONTAMINANTS BY RAMAN SCATTERING AND FLUORESCENCE SPECTRA / V. M. Zakharov and V. A. Torgovichev REMOTE SENSING OF CLOUD PROPERTIES FROM NIMBUS 5 / D. J. McCleese THE ATMOSPHERIC BLURRING EFFECT OF REMOTELY SENSED EARTH IMAGERY / S. Ueno, Y. Haba, Y. Kawata, T. Kusaka and Y. Terashita Author Index Subject Index

Note: Prefatory material in French

Note: Dissertation, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, 1979

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Symbols Introduction Purpose of the study Stating the problem Fracturing of the ice cover due to the passage of surge waves Basic assumptions Derivation of the bending moments Determination of the wave characteristics Deflection of the ice Discussion and field observations Summary Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Background Hierarchy of drag laws and simple models The momentum equation for the planetary boundary layer Linear eddy viscosity - the constant stress layer Two-layer eddy viscosity PBL scaling A dimensionless two-layer system A dimensionless two-layer system with modified stress Evaluating the drag laws Rossby similarity parameters and buoyancy effects Discussion Literature cited

Note: Table of Contents Japan The Shimanto Belt of Japan: Cretaceous-lower Miocene active-margin sedimentation A. Taira, H. Okada,J. H. Whitaker, and A. J. Smith https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.01 Sedimentation across the Japan Trench off northern Honshu Island Roland von Huene and Michael A. Arthur https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.02 Tectonics of some forearc fold belts in and around the arc-arc crossing area in central Japan Yujiro Ogawa https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.03 Forearc geological structure of the Japanese Islands Tsunemasa Shiki and Yoshibumi Misawa https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.04 Central America Facies belts of the Middle America Trench and forearc region, southern Mexico: results from Leg 66 DSDP J. Casey Moore, Joel S. Watkins, Kenneth J. McMillen, Stephen B. Bachman, Jeremy K. Leggett, Neil Lundberg, Thomas H. Shipley, Jean-Francois Stephan, Floyd W. Beghtel, Arif Butt, Borys M. Didyk, Nobuaki Niitsuma, Les E. Shephard, and Herbert Stradner https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.05 Tectonic processes along the Middle America Trench inner slope Thomas H. Shipley, John W. Ladd, Richard T. Buffler, and Joel S. Watkins https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.06 Sedimentation in different tectonic environments of the Middle America Trench, southern Mexico and Guatemala Kenneth J. McMillen, Robert H. Enkeboll, J. Casey Moore, Thomas H. Shipley, and John W. Ladd https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.07 A summary of Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 67 shipboard results from the Mid-America Trench transect off Guatemala Roland von Huene, Jean Aubouin, Jacques Azema, Grant Blackinton, Jerry A. Carter, William T. Coulbourn, Darrel S. Cowan, Joseph A. Curiale, Carlos A. Dengo, Richard W. Faas, William Harrison, Reinhard Hesse, Donald M. Hussong, John W. Ladd, … View all authors https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.08 Evolution of the slope landward of the Middle America Trench, Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica Neil Lundberg https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.9 South America Cenozoic structure, stratigraphy and tectonics of the central Peru forearc L. D. Kulm, T. M. Thornburg, and H.-J. Schrader J. M. Resig https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.10 Forearc and other basins, continental margin of northern and southern Peru and adjacent Ecuador and Chile R. Moberly, G. L. Shepherd, and W. T. Coulbourn https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.11 The geology of the western part of the Borbón Basin, North-west Ecuador C. D. R. Evans and J. E. Whittaker https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.12 Aleutians Ancient plate boundaries in the Bering Sea region M. S. Marlow, A. K. Cooper, D. W. Scholl, and H. McLean https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.13 The Chugach Terrane, a Cretaceous trench-fill deposit, southern Alaska Tor H. Nilsen and Gian G. Zuffa https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.14 Structural evolution of coherent terranes in the Ghost Rocks Formation, Kodiak Island, Alaska Tim Byrne https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.15 Asia and Australasia Sedimentation in the Sunda Trench and forearc region Gregory F. Moore, Joseph R. Curray, and Frans J. Emmel https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.16 Development of the North Island Subduction System, New Zealand Gerrit J. van der Lingen https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.17 Atlantic The Barbados Ridge Complex: tectonics of a mature forearc system G. K. Westbrook https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.18 Sedimentology and structure of the Scotland Group, Barbados C. J. Pudsey and H. G. Reading https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.19 Subduction and tectonics on the continental margin off northern Spain: observations with the submersible Cyana Jacques-André Malod, Gilbert Boillot, Claude Lepvier, Georges Mascle, and Josette Taugourdeau-Lantz Raymond Capdevila, Pierre-Alain Dupeuble, and Carla Müller https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.20 Mediterranean Subduction in the Hellenic Trench: probable role of a thick evaporitic layer based on Seabeam and submersible studies X. Le Pichon, P. Huchon, J. Angelier, N. Lybéris, J. Boulin, and D. Bureau J.P. Cadet, J. Dercourt, G. Glaçon, H. Got, D. Karig, J. Mascle, L.E. Ricou, and F. Thiebault https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.21 Detailed tectonic trends on the central part of the Hellenic Outer Ridge and in the Hellenic Trench System N. H. Kenyon, R. H. Belderson, and A. H. Stride https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.22 The structure of the Calabro-Sicilian Arc: result of a post-orogenic intra-plate deformation Forese Carlo Wezel https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.23 Makran of Iran and Pakistan Deformation of the Makran accretionary sediment prism in the Gulf of Oman (north-west Indian Ocean) Robert S. White https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.24 The Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic history of western Baluchistan Pakistan—the northern margin of the Makran subduction complex Russell S. Arthurton, Abul Farah, and Wahiduddin Ahmed https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.25 The Makran, Southeastern Iran: the anatomy of a convergent plate margin active from Cretaceous to Present G. J. H. McCall and R. G. W. Kidd https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.26 California The Coastal Belt of the Franciscan: youngest phase of northern California subduction Steven B. Bachman https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.27 The Franciscan Complex of northernmost California: sedimentation and tectonics K. R. Aalto https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.28 Sedimentation, metamorphism and tectonic accretion of the Franciscan assemblage of northern California M. C. Blake, Jr, A. S. Jayko, and D. G. Howell https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.29 Deformation of partly dewatered and consolidated Franciscan sediments near Piedras Blancas Point, California Darrel S. Cowan https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.30 Initiation and evolution of the Great Valley forearc basin of northern and central California, U.S.A. Raymond V. Ingersoll https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.31 Forearc Terranes in Orogenic Belts Cretaceous-Palaeogene Flysch Zone of the East Alps and Carpathians: identification and plate-tectonic significance of ‘dormant’ and ‘active’ deep-sea trenches in the Alpine-Carpathian Arc Reinhard Hesse https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.32 The anatomy of a Lower Palaeozoic accretionary forearc: the Southern Uplands of Scotland J. K. Leggett W. S. McKerrow and D. M. Casey https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.33 Sedimentology, volcanism, structure and metamorphism of the northern margin of a Lower Palaeozoic accretionary complex; Bail Hill-Abington area of the Southern Uplands of Scotland Barry C. Hepworth, Grahame J. H. Oliver, and Michael J. McMurtry https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.34 Facies, Petrology and Models Sedimentary facies associations within subduction complexes Michael B. Underwood and Steven B. Bachman https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.35 Composition of modern deep-sea sands from arc-related basins J. Barry Maynard, Renzo Valloni, and Ho-Shing Yu https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.36 Initiation of subduction zones: implications for arc evolution and ophiolite development D. E. Karig https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1982.010.01.37

Note: Preface 1 Introduction 2 Introduction to Equilibrium Thermodynamics Gibbs energy and equilibrium G-x and T-x diagrams Algebraic equilibrium relations Approach 1 Approach 2 General equilibrium relation Worked examples 2 Problems 2 References 3 Activities and Standard States Standard state 1 Standard state 2 Standard state 3 Standard state 4 Summary Worked examples 3 Problems 3 References 4 Thermodynamics of Solids Mole fractions Activity coefficients Worked examples 4 Problems 4 References 5 Thermodynamics of Fluids Aqueous fluids Ions in solution Silicate liquids Worked examples 5 Problems 5 References 6 Equilibrium Thermodynamic Calculations Data Uncertainties Worked examples 6 Problems 6 References 7 Processes 1 Nucleation and growth Mass transfer Temperature-time dependence of rate processes Worked examples 7 References 8 Processes 2 Buffering Metasomatism Fractionation Worked examples 8 Problems 8 References 9 Petrological Topics Worked examples 9 References Appendix A Thermodynamic Properties Introduction Volume Entropy Enthalpy Gibbs energy Simplifications Approximations Volume Heat capacity Entropy and enthalpy Thermodynamic data References Appendix B A Maths Refresher Some formulae and relationships Solving a set of simultaneous equations Appendix C Standard States for Fluids Appendix D Solutions to Problems Appendix E Symbols, Units and Constants Index

Note: 1 Energetic basis General relations Equations of state and chemical potential of pure gases, liquids, and solids Phases of variable composition Reactions and equations of equilibrium The Gibbs phase rule Effect of gravitational field Kinetics 2 Equilibrium of mineral systems One-component transitions Univariant transformations of solids Univariant reactions involving gases The system CaO-MgO-CO₂ Exchange equilibria The distribution of minor elements Coupled equilibria involving solid solutions and gases Intrinsic and extrinsic stability Ionic processes Crystal-melt equilibria 3 Kinetics of mineral systems General Quasiequilibrium processes in a temperature gradient Quasiequilibrium processes under isothermal conditions Crystal kinetics Kinetics of dissociation Kinetics of complex heterogeneous reactions Kinetics of rock deformation 4 Classifications of rocks Chemical classification Mineral facies classification Relation between bulk chemistry and mineral composition 5 Chemical and petrogenetic processes in space Solids in space The problem of the origin of the solar system Condensation from a gas of solar composition The effect of nonequilibrium ionization System O-Si-Mg-Fe-Ni-P 6 Meteorites General characteristics The dating of events in meteorite history Classification schemes Mineralogy Petrography of the chondrites Bulk chemical characteristics Prior's rules Oxidation and hydration states of meteorites Carbon reactions in meteorites Reactions involving sulfur and phosphorus compounds in meteorites Element distributions in meteorites Mechanisms of liquidus crystallization for the chondrites Origin of the metallic components of chondrites Pressure of formation of meteorites Origin of meteorites : a critique of theories and hypotheses 7 The terrestrial planets Gross physical and chemical characteristics Origin and evolution Chemistry and petrology of Venus The atmosphere and surface of Mercury Mars The Moon Comparative planetology 8 Metamorphism and metamorphic mechanisms Introduction Origin of microstructures and textures Kinetic aspects of crystallization Rates of metamorphic reactions Mineral orientation Origin of macrostructures Origin of compositional variations Summary 9 Metamorphic minerals Experimental appraisal of the stability of minerals Theoretical analysis of stabilities of crystalline solutions 10 Metamorphic mineral facies Diagenesis and metamorphism; the zeolite and lawsonite facies Greenschist facies Amphibolite facies Granulite facies 11 Experimental and theoretical study of metamorphic systems Geometric analysis of phase equilibria Method of interpreting metamorphic assemblages The system K₂O-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-H₂O Assemblages with staurolite The system SiO₂-K₂O-Al₂O₃-FeO-MgO-H₂O in transition from amphibolite to granulite facies Anthophyllite-gedrite pelitic rocks The system CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-H₂O Assemblages with cordierite in the granulite facies The charnockite assemblage Magnesian, calcic, and carbonate rocks Metamorphism of ultramafic rocks The iron formations Rocks of high pressure and controversial origin 12 Properties, origin, and environment of magmas Structures of silicate melts Solubilities of volatile components Densities of magmas Viscosities of magmas Liquid Immiscibility Origin of magmas General features of the occurence of magmatic rocks 13 Differentiation and crystallization of magmas The existence of rock series and their meaning Homogeneous differentiation Heterogeneous differentiation by separation of a fluid phase Separation of a fluid phase in a crystallizing magma Crystallization and heterogeneous differentiation in magmas Subtraction and variation diagrams 14 Igneous plutons: Their physical chemistry and mode of occurence The compositional fields of igneous rocks General factors in the differentiation of basaltic magmas Differentiated gabbroic complexes Large calc-alkali plutonic complexes The physical chemistry of calc-alkaline-type differentiation Origin of calc-alkali magmas Alkaline rocks Assimilation and alteration of inclusions Structural environment and mode of emplacement of igneous plutons Plutonic rocks of complex origin 15 Volcanism and volcanic fluids Introduction Volcanic and hypabyssal mineralogy Volcanoes and volcanic deposits Volcanic fluids References Subject Index Author Index

Note: Table of Contents Introduction W. W. Bishop Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, NP, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.01 Historical background: Early exploration in the East African Rift—the Gregory Rift valley Peter Kent Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 1-4, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.02 Part I. Frameworks: Structural—Volcanic—Geophysical Rifting in east Africa and large-scale tectonic processes E. Ronald Oxburgh Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 7-18, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.03 Structural development of the East African Rift system Robert M. Shackleton Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 19-28, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.04 Structural and volcanic evolution of the Gregory Rift Valley Basil C. King Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 29-54, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.05 Character of Quaternary volcanism in the Gregory Rift Valley Laurence A. J. Williams Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 55-69, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.06 Geophysical investigations and the Rift Valley geology of Kenya M. Aftab Khan and Christopher J. Swain Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 71-83, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.07 Part II. Background: Palaeontological and Archaeological Problems Taphonomical background to fossil man-problems in palaeoecology Andrew Hill Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 87-101, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.08 A statistical approach to temporal biostratigraphy R. T. Shuey, Frank H. Brown, G. G. Eck and F. Clark Howell Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 103-124, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.09 Allometry and Hominid studies Bernard A. Wood Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 125-138, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.10 The first geologists—the archaeology of the original rock breakers Glynn Ll. Isaac Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 139-147, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.11 Part III. Regional Studies in the Gregory Rift Valley Olduvai Gorge 1911–75: a history of the investigations Mary D. Leakey Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 151-155, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.12 Fossil hominids from the Laetolil Beds, Tanzania Mary D. Leakey, R. L. Hay, G. H. Curtis, R. E. Drake, M. K. Jackes and T. D. White Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 157-170, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.13 Geological Map of the Olorgesailie Area, Kenya Robert M. Shackleton Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 171-172, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.14 The Olorgesailie Formation: Stratigraphy, tectonics and the palaeogeographic context of the Middle Pleistocene archaeological sites Glynn Ll. Isaac Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 173-206, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.15 Chronostratigraphy of the Baringo Basin, Kenya Gregory R. Chapman and Maureen Brook Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 207-223, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.16 Preliminary observations on the palaeomagnetic stratigraphy of the area west of Lake Baringo, Kenya Peter Dagley, Alan E. Mussett and H. C. Palmer Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 225-235, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.17 Geology, palaeoenvironments and vertebrate faunas of the mid-Miocene Ngorora Formation, Kenya Martin H. L. Pickford Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 237-262, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.18 Stratigraphy and mammalian palaeontology of the late-Miocene Lukeino Formation, Kenya Martin H. L. Pickford Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 263-278, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.19 Fossil Hippopotamidae from the Baringo Basin and relationships within the Gregory Rift, Kenya Shirley Cameron Coryndon Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 279-292, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.20 The fossil bovidae of the Baringo Area, Kenya Alan W. Gentry Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 293-308, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.21 Chesowanja: a revised geological interpretation William Bishop, Andrew Hill and Martin Pickford Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 309-327, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.22 (A) Geological framework of the Kilombe Acheulian archaeological site, Kenya Walter W. Bishop Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 329-336, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.23 (B) Kilombe—an Acheulian site complex in Kenya John A. J. Gowlett Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 337-360, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.24 Geological setting of the hominid fossils and Acheulian artifacts from the Kapthurin Formation, Baringo District, Kenya Peter W. J. Tallon Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 361-373, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.25 The early history of the Turkana Depression Robert J. G. Savage and Peter G. Williamson Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 375-394, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.26 Stratigraphy, sedimentary facies and paleoenvironments, East Lake Turkana, Kenya Carl F. Vondra and Bruce E. Bowen Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 395-414, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.27 Isochronous surfaces within the Plio-Pleistocene sediments east of Lake Turkana Ian C. Findlater Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 415-420, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.28 Y Correlation of Plio-Pleistocene sequences in the northern Lake Turkana Basin: a summary of evidence and issues Anna K. Behrensmeyer Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 421-440, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.29 Geochronological problems and radioisotopic dating in the Gregory Rift Valley Frank J. Fitch, Paul J. Hooker and John A. Miller Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 441-461, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.30 Age of KBS Tuff in Koobi Fora Formation, East Lake, Turkana, Kenya G. H. Curtis, R. E. Drake, T. E. Cerling, B. W. Cerling and J. H. Hampel Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 463-469, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.003.01.31 Magneto-stratigraphy east of Lake Turkana and at Olduvai Gorge: a brief summary Andrew Brock Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 471, 1 January 1978, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1978.006.01.32 Observations on problems of correlation of late Cenozoic hominid-bearing formations in the North Lake Turkana Basin F. H. Brown, F. Clark Howell and G. G. Eck Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 6, 473-

Note: CONTENTS Preface An approach to the problem of the structure of the cryolithosphere of the Mars / R. O. Kuzmin Underground glaciation of the Kolyma lowland / A. A. Arkhangelov The temperature regime and the cryogenic structure of frozen rocks in the eastern part of the Bolshezemelskaya Tundra / N. V. Tumel Some specifis features of the formation of cryogenic textures in the Quaternary deposits of the Ryveem River lower reaches / O. Yu. Parmuzina Some general regularities in the transformation of dispersed rock composition by cryogenic processes / V. N. Konishchev On the postsedimentation changes in the subaerial cryolithogenic deposits of the Middle Lena area / Kh. G. Zigert and M. I. Turbina Ice-ground veins / G. E. Rozenbaum About the earth veins of Central Yakutia / T. P. Kuznetsova Cryogenic slope formation / V. G. Chigir Dynamo-metamorphism of ice with short-term creep / Yu. R. Zaretsky, V. I. Solomatin and B. D. Chumichev The sublimation re-distribution of substance in poligonal-wedge ice / S. S. Gasanov , Содержавие Предисловие R вопросу о строевии криолитосферы Марса /Р. О. Кузьмив Подземное оледенение севера Колымской низменности в повдвем кайнозое / А. А. Арханrелов Температурный режим и криоrенное строение мерзлых пород восточной части Большеземель,ской тундры / Н. В. Тумель Некоторые особенности формирования криоrенных текстур в четвертичных отложениях низовья р. Рывеем / О. Ю. Пармузина Некоторые общие закономерности преобразования состава дисперсных пород криоrенными процессами / В. Н. Конищев О постседиментационных изменениях субаэральных криолитоrенных отложений Средней Лены / Х. Г. 3иrерт, М. И. Турбина Ледоrрунтовые жилы / Г. Э. Розенбаум О земляных жилах Центральной Rкутии / Т. П. Кyзнецова Криогенное склонообразование / В. Г. Чиrир. Дивамометаморфизм льда при кратковременной ползучести / Ю. К Зарецкий, В. И . Соломатин, Б. Д. Чумичев Сублимационное перера,спределение в еществ в повторношильных льдах / Ш. Ш. Гасапов , In kyrillischer Schrift , Inhaltsverzeichnis und Vorwort in englischer Sprache

Note: Contents Preface List of Contributors Section I. Floristics, Vegetation, and Primary Production Ia. Vascular Plants Ib. Nonvascular Plants 1. Introduction / LARRY L. TIESZEN Background Research Design and Site Selections Overview of the Barrow Ecological System References 2. Vegetation, Floristics, and Phytogeography of Northern Alaska / D. F. MURRAY Tundra Landscapes and Vegetation Floristics and Phytogeography Acknowledgments References 3. Spatial and Temporal Variation of the Vegetation and its Productivity / P. J. WEBBER Introduction and Site Overview Methods Results Discussion Summary and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 4. Seasonal Dynamics of Above- and Belowground Production of Vascular Plants at Barrow, Alaska / J. G. DENNIS , L. L. TIESZEN and M. A. VETTER Introduction Methods and Materials Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 5. Floristics, Phytogeography and Ecology of Arctic Alaskan Bryophytes / W. C. STEERE The Bryophyte Flora and its Floristic Elements Ecology and Physical Factors of the Environment Acknowledgments References 6. Composition and Bryomass of the Moss Layers of Two Wet-Tundra-Meadow Communities near Barrow, Alaska / J. R. RASTORFER Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 7. The Role of Lichens in the Structure, Productivity, and Mineral Cycling of the Wet Coastal Alaskan Tundra / M. E. WILLIAMS , E. D. RUDOLPH , E. A. SCHOFIELD , and D. C. PRASHER Introduction Environmental Setting Lichen Occurrence Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 8. The Role of Algae in Tundra Soil / R. E. CAMERON , A. D. KNOX , and F. A. MORELLI Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 9. Ecto- and Endomycorrhizae of Arctic Plants at Barrow, Alaska / O. K. MILLER, JR. and G. A. LAURSEN Introduction Distribution of Ectomycorrhizae Distribution of Endomycorrhizae Distribution of Mycorrhizal Fungi Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Conclusions and Discussion Acknowledgments References Section II. Photosynthesis, Respiration and Water Relations. IIa. Plant and Community Photosynthesis IIb. Photosynthesis and Water Relations 10. Photosynthesis in the Principal Barrow, Alaska Species: A Summary of Field and Laboratory Responses / L. L. TlESZEN Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 11. Primary Production Processes in Arctic Bryophytes at Barrow, Alaska / W. C. OECHEL and B. SVEINBJÖRNSSON Introduction Field Research Site Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 12. Meteorological Assessment of CO2 Exchange Over an Alaskan Arctic Tundra / P. I. COYNE and J. J. KELLEY Introduction Theory Experimental Procedure Data Analysis Results Contents Discussion Acknowledgments References 13. Constraints on Tundra Productivity: Photosynthetic Capacity in Relation to Solar Radiation Utilization and Water Stress in Arctic and Alpine Tundras / M. M. CALDWELL, D. A. JOHNSON and M. FAREED Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References 14. Some Aspects of Water Relations of Arctic and Alpine Regions / P. C. MILLER, W. A. STONER, and J. R. EHLERINGER Introduction Conceptual Framework Methods Results Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 15. Radio-Tracer Measurement of Transpiration in Tundra Vegetation, Barrow, Alaska / J. J. KORANDA , B. CLEGG, and M. STUART Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 16. Simulation of the Effect of the Tundra Vascular Plant Canopy on the Productivity of Four Moss Species / W. A. STONER, P. C. MILLER, and W. C. OECHEL Introduction Simulation Models and Methods Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References Section III. Growth and the Allocation and Use of Mineral and Organic Nutrients IIIa. Growth and Organic Nutrient Allocation IIIb. Inorganic Nutrient Utilization, Response to Fertilization, and Nitrogen Fixation IIIc. Growth, Nutrient and Population Modeling 17. Translocation and Allocation of 14C-Photoassimilate by Dupontia fisheri / M. L. ALLESSIO and L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 18. Growth, Turnover, and Respiration Rates of Roots and Tillers in Tundra Graminoids / W. D. BILLINGS, K. M. PETERSON, and G. R. SHAVER Introduction Methods Results Conclusions Acknowledgments References 19. The Interactions of Organic Nutrients, Soil Nitrogen, and Soil Temperature and Plant Growth and Survival in the Arctic Environment / B. H. MCCOWN Introduction Materials and Methods Results Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 20. Plant Nutrient Limitations of Tundra Plant Growth / A. ULRICH and P. L. GERSPER Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgments References 21. Phosphate Uptake and Nutrient Utilization by Barrow Tundra Vegetation / F. S. CHAPIN, III Introduction Methods Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 22. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilization on Carbohydrate and Nutrient Levels in Dupontia fisheri and Arctagrostis latifolia / J. D. MCKENDRICK, V. J. OTT , and G. A. MITCHELL Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 23. Nitrogen Fixation in Arctic and Alpine Tundra / V. ALEXANDER, M. BILLINGTON, and D. M. SCHELL Introduction Methods Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments References 24. A Model of Plant Growth and Phosphorus Allocation for Dupontia fisheri in Coastal, Wet-Meadow Tundra / W. A. STONER, P. C. MILLER, and L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Description of the Model Results Discussion Acknowledgments References 25. A Model of Carbohydrate, Nitrogen, Phosphorus Allocation and Growth in Tundra Production / P. C. MILLER, W. A. STONER, L. L. TIESZEN , M. ALLESSIO, B. MCCOWN , F. S. CHAPIN, and G. SHAVER Introduction Results and Discussion Acknowledgments References 26. A Simulation Model of Population Processes of Arctic Tundra Graminoids / B. A. LAWRENCE , M. C. LEWIS , and P. C. MILLER Introduction The Model Methods of Simulations Validation Simulation Experiments Summary Acknowledgments References 27. Summary / L. L. TIESZEN Introduction Historical and Floristic Relationships Abiotic Relationships Spatial and Temporal Relationships Summary References Appendix: Checklists of Vascular Plants, Bryophytes, and Lichens for the Alaskan U.S. IBP Tundra Biome Study Areas - Barrow, Prudhoe Bay, Eagle Summit / BARBARA M. MURRAY AND DAVID F. MURRAY Introduction Checklists References Index

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung: Erklärung der botanischen Fachausdrücke Einige Bemerkungen zur Gliederung des Pflanzenreiches und zur Nomenklatur der Pflanzen Bemerkungen zur Umgrenzung des von der „Flora" erfaßten Gebietes Angaben zur Häufigkeit der Pflanzen Zur Verbreitung der Pflanzen Kurze Bemerkungen zur Geschichte der mitteleuropäischen Flora Naturschutz Hinweise zum Sammeln und Bestimmen von Pflanzen Alphabetisches Verzeichnis häufiger botanischer Fachausdrücke Anleitung zum Gebrauch der Bestimmungstabellen Erklärung der im Text verwendeten Abkürzungen Abkürzungen für Verbreitungsangaben im Gebiet Erläuterung der verschiedenen Druckarten in den Tabellen Das der „Flora" zugrundeliegende System der Pflanzen Tabelle zum Bestimmen der Hauptgruppen Tabellen zum Bestimmen der Familien Tabellen zum Bestimmen der Familien und Gattungen der Blütenpflanzen nach vorwiegend vegetativen Merkmalen Abteilung: Pteridophyta, Gefäßsporenpflanzen Abteilung: Spermatophyta, Samenpflanzen 1. Unterabteilung: Gymnospermae, Nacktsamige Pflanzen 2. Unterabteilung: Angiospermae, Bedecktsamige Pflanzen 1. Klasse: Dicotyledoneae, Zweikeimblättrige Pflanzen 2. Klasse: Monocotyledoneae, Einkeimblättrige Pflanzen Literaturverzeichnis Verzeichnis der geschützten Pflanzenarten Verzeichnis der abgekürzten Autorennamen Verzeichnis der lateinischen und deutschen Pflanzennamen

Note: ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ От редактора Прелисловие Распределение и краткая характеристика докембрийских отложений западного обрамления Сибирскои платформы Основные черты стратиграфии и nетрохимии покембрия западпого обрамления Сибирской платформы Докембрий Енисейского кряжа Докембрий Туруханского поднятия Докембрий Игарского поднятия Докембрий Бирюсинского района Центральвои части Восточного Саяна Литолого-фациальные комплексы осадочно метаморфических толщ докембрия западного обрамления Сибирскои платормы Приложения Литература , Translation of Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS From the editor Preface Distribution and brief characteristics of Precambrian deposits of the western framing of the Siberian Platform Main features of stratigraphy and petrochemistry of the Pokembrian western frame of the Siberian Platform Precambrian of the Yenisei Ridge Precambrian of the Turukhansk uplift Precambrian of the Igara uplift Precambrian of the Biryusinsky district of the Central part of the Eastern Sayan Lithological-facies complexes of Precambrian sedimentary-metamorphic strata of the western framing of the Siberian plateau Applications Literature , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Translation of TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Chapter 1. Some physical properties of snow Formation of ice crystals in the atmosphere Formation of snow cover Density and Porosity Breathability Water holding capacity and water permeability Heat capacity Latent heat of fusion and sublimation of ice Water vapor diffusion Thermal conductivity Metamorphism Chapter 2. Patterns of deformation and destruction of snow Deformation of ice crystals Interaction of snow grains Basic patterns of deformation and destruction of snow Chapter 3. Elastic properties of snow Propagation of elastic waves in snow Elastic deformations under static and dynamic loads Chapter 4. Snow compaction Compression seal. Snow compaction during compaction Snow compaction under short-term and vibration loads Techniques for artificial snow compaction Chapter 5. Snow Creep Shear creep Creep under uniaxial compression Tensile creep Creep under complex stress conditions Stress relaxation Creep under variable loads Chapter 6. Strength characteristics of snow Snow destruction Shear Strength Tensile strength Uniaxial compressive strength Snow hardness Bearing capacity of snow cover Chapter 7. Surface friction and snow adhesion Sliding friction Static friction and adhesion Chapter 8, Stability of snow cover on mountain slopes Compaction and flow of snow cover Limit equilibrium of snow cover on a flat slope Interaction of snow cover on a slope with obstacles Limit equilibrium of snow cover on a slope with complex orography Violation of the stability of snow cover and the occurrence of pavements Artificial retention of snow cover on mountain slopes Conclusion Literature , ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ Предисповие Гпава 1. Некоторые физические свойства снега Образование кристаплов льда в атмосфере Формирование снежного покрова Плотность и пористость Воздухопроницаемость Водоудерживающая способность и водопроницаемость Теплоемкость Скрытая теплота плавления и возгонки льда Диффузия водяного пара Теплопроводность Метаморфизм Глава 2. Закономерности деформирования и разрушения снега Деформирование кристаплов льда Взаимодействие зерен снега Основные закономерности деформирования и разрушения снега Глава 3. Упругие свойства снега Распространение упругих волн в снеге Упругие деформации при статических и динамических нагрузках Глава 4. Уплотнение снега Компрессионное уплотнение. Уплотнение снега в процессе попзучести Уплотнение снега под действием кратковременных и вибрационных нагрузок Приемы искусственного уплотнения снега Глава 5. Ползучесть снега Ползучесть при сдвиге Ползучесть при одноосном сжатии Ползучесть при растяжении Ползучесть в условиях сложного напряженного состояния Релаксация напряжений Ползучесть при переменных нагрузках Глава 6. Прочностные характеристики снега Разрушение снега Прочность при сдвиге Прочность при растяжении Прочность при одноосном сжатии Твердость снега Несущая способность снежного покрова Глава 7. Поверхностное трение и адгезия снега Трение скольжения Статическое трение и адгезия Глава 8, Устойчивость снежного покрова на склонах гор Уплотнение и течение снежного покрова Предельное равновесие снежного покрова на ровном склоне Взаимодействие снежного покрова на склоне с препятствиями Предельное равновесие снежного покрова на склоне со сложной орографией Нарушение устойчивости снежного покрова и возникновение павин Искусственное удержание снежного покрова на склонах гор Заключение Литературе , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS Preface Problems of stratigraphy and paleogeography of the Quaternary of Yakutia / M. N. AIekseyev Regional stratigraphic scheme of the Paleogene and Neogene sediments of the Lower-Aldan depression / A. F. Fradkina, O. V. Grinenko, V. A. Kamaletdinov, A. I. Tomskaya Paleomagnetic studies of the upper section of the Mamontova Gora on the Aldan-river / P. S. Minyuk New data on stratigraphy of the Cencizoic of the eastern part of the Primorsk lowland / L. P. Zharikova, A. S. Kazantsev, P. S. Minyuk, A. G. Savchenko Cenozoik sediments of the Ulakhan-Tas range / A. I. Sergeyenko, A. S. Kazantsev, Yu. V. Lykov, A. I. Tomskaya Small mammals in the key section of the Pliocene-Quaternary sediments on the Krestovka-river (Kolyma lowland) / G. G. FroIova Recent tectonics of Eastern Yakutia / V. B. Spector, V. A. BaIandin Structural-geomorphological character of the Kolyma lowland / N. G. Patyk-Kara, O. I. Gapon, O. V. Grinenko Modern tectonic stress field of North-East Asia / B. M. Koz'min Quantitative evalution of recent vertical tectonic movements in North-Eastern Yakutia / L. P. Imayeva, V. S. Imayev Basement relief and Quaternary cover structure in the Lena-Amga interfluve / V. A. KamaIetdinov Paleomorphological conditions during the formation of Cenozoik conglomerates on the right bank of the Selennyakh river (Indigirka basin) / L. A. Fatkhullin "Alas" sediments and taber formations of Yakutia / Ye. M. Katasonov Slope sediments in river valleys of Central Yakutia / Ye. G. Katasonova, H. G. Ziegert On differentiating the Neogene-Quaternary perennially frozen rocks by mineral composition and cryogenic microstructures / H. G. Ziegert, Ye. A. Slagoda On estimation of the amount of glaciations using different criteria (in the light of' the near-Indigirka zone) / E. D. Izbekov Glacial isostasy in Priverkhoyanie / V. V. KoIpakov, I. L. Shofman Main stages of man population in Yakutia / Yu. A. Mochanov, S. A. Fedoseyeva , СОДЕРЖАНИЕ Предисловие Проблемы стратиграфии и палеогеографии четвертичного периода Якутии / М. Н. Алексеев Региональная стратиграфическая схема палеогеновых и неогеновых отложений Нижнеалданской впадины / А. Ф. Фрадкина, О. В. Гриненко, В. А. Камалетдинов, А. И. Томская Палеомагнитные исследования верхней части разреза Мамонтова Гора на реке Алдан / П. С. Минюк Новые сведения по стратиграфии кайнозоя восточнои части Приморской низменности / Л . П. Жарикова, А. С. Казанцев, П. С. Минюк, А. Г. Савченко Кайнозойские отложения хребта Улахан-Тас / А . И. Сергеенко, А. С. Казанцев, Ю. В. Лыков, А. И. Томская Мелкие млекопитающие опорного разреза плиоцен-четвертичных отложении на реке Крестовке (Колымская низменность) / Г. Г. Фролова Новейшая тектоника Восточной Якутии / В. Б. Спектор, В. А. Баландин Структурно-геоморфологическое строение Колымском низменности / Н. Г. Патык-Кара, О. И. Гапон, О. В. Гриненко Современное поле тектонических напряжении Северо-Восточной Азии / Б. М. Козьмин Количественная оценка новеиших вертикальных тектонических движений Северо-Востока Якутии / Л. П. Имаева, В. С. Имаев Рельеф цоколя и строение четвертичного покрова Лено-Амгинского междуречья / В. А. Камалетдинов Палеогеоморфологические условия формирования кайнозойских конгломератов правобережья реки Селениях (бассейн реки Индигирки) / И. А. Фатхуллин Аласные отложения и таберальные образования Якутии / Е. М. Катасонов Склоновые отложения в долинах малых рек Центральной Якутии / Е. Г. Катасонова, Х . Г. 3игерт О расчленении многолетнемерзлых неоrен-четвертцчных отложений по минералогическому составу и криогенным микротекстурам / Х . Г. 3игерт, Е . А. Слагода К вопросу оценки количества оледенений по различным критериям (на примере Прииндиrирской зоны) / Э. Д. Избеков Гляциоизостазия в Приверхоянье / В. В. Колпаков, И. Л. Шофман Основные этапы заселения человеком Якутии / Ю. А. Мочанов, С. А. Федосеева , In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: Aachen, Techn. Hochsch., Diss., 1977 , Inhalt: 1. Einleitung. - 2. Meßmethoden zur Bestimmung der longitudionalen Relaxationszeit. - 2.1. Grundlagen. - 2.2. Die 90° - t - 90°-Impulsmethode. - 2.3. Die 180° - t - 90°-Impulsmethode. - 2.4. Die Sättigungsfolge. - 2.5. Die Triplettfolge. - 3. Meßanordnung. - 3.1. Aufbau der gesamten Apparatur. - 3.2. Die Temperieranlage. - 3.3. Schaltung des Probenkopfes. - 3.4. Ansteuerung des Spektrometers und Aufnahme der Meßwerte. - 4. Durchführung der Messungen. - 4.1. Abstimmung des Probenkopfes. - 4.2. Abstimmung von Magnet und Spektrometer. - 4.3. Einstellung des Empfangssystems. - 4.4. Einstellung der Probentemperatur. - 4.5. Verarbeitung der Meßwerte. - 5. Proben und Probenherstellung. - 5.1. Die Proben. - 5.2. Chemische Reinigung der Proben. - 5.3. Physikalische Reinigung der Proben. - 6. Relaxationstheorie für die Bewegungen von Methylgruppen. - 6.1. Klassische Beschreibung der Methylgruppe. - 6.2. Quantenmechanische Beschreibung der Methylgruppe. - 6.2.1. Der Hamilton-Operator. - 6.2.2. Eigenfunktionen der Methylgruppenrotation. - 6.2.3. Eigenwerte des Rotationszustandes. - 6.2.4. Eigenwerte des Spins. - 6.3. Das Kernresonanzspektrum der Methylgruppe. - 6.4. Bewegungseinflüsse auf das NMR-Spektrum. - 6.4.1. Klassische Rotation der Methylgruppen. - 6.4.2. Tunnelfrequenzmodulation. - 6.5. Spin-Gitter-Relaxation. - 6.5.1. Übergangswahrscheinlichkeiten. - 6.5.2. Berechnung der Spin-Gitter-Relaxationszeit T1. - 6.5.3. Die Frequenzabhängigkeit von T1. - 6.5.4. Die Temperaturabhängigkeit von T1. - 7. Auswertung und Diskussion der Meßergebnisse. - 7.1. Der Temperaturverlauf der longitudinalen Relaxationszeit T1. - 7.1.1. Siloxanpolymere. - 7.1.2. Niedermolekulare Siloxane. - 7.2. Die Frequenzabhängigkeit von T1. - 7.3. Der Einfluß von Verunreinigungen auf die T1-Meßwerte. - 7.4. Die Beeinflussung des Relaxationsverhaltens durch Vulkanisation der Proben. - 7.5. Mechanische Dämpfungsmessungen an vernetzten Siloxanen. - 8. Zusammenfassung. - 9. Anhang. - 9.1. Zur Berechnung von T1 aus den Meßwerten. - 9.2. Rechenprogramme zur Anpassung der Meßwerte. - 10. Literaturverzeichnis.

Note: Contents: Conference participants. - Foreword / B. W. Robinson. - OCEANOGRAPHY. - Oceanic nitrogen isotopes and their uses in determining the source of sedimentary nitrogen / R. E. Sweeney, K. K. Liu, and I. R. Kaplan. - Stable isotope studies in the Gulf of St Lawrence, Canada / F. C. Tan and A. Walton. - Carbon isotope variations in total carbon dioxide and methane from interstitial waters of nearshore sediments / T. Whelan III, B. B. Bernard, and J. M. Brooks. - Fractionation of sulphate oxygen and sulphur isotopes by marine sediment retention / G. Cortecci. - PALEOCLIMATOLOGY. - Stable-isotope paleoclimatology: a possible measure of past seasonal contrast from foraminiferal tests / W. G. Deuser. - The possibilities of deriving past climate information from stable isotope studies on tree rings / A. T. Wilson and M. J. Grinsted. - Stable carbon isotopes in tree rings as climatic indicators / P. J. B. Fraser, R. J. Francey, and G. I. Pearman. - The 13C/12C isotopic ratios of some New Zealand tussock grassland soils / J. D. Stout and T. A. Rafter. - HYDROLOGY AND ATMOSPHERIC STUDIES. - Detecting snow water in streamflow by D/H and 18O/16O abundances in two western Canadian basins / H. R. Krouse, G. Holecek, and H. Steppuhn. - The stable isotope geochemistry of gypsum, Miers Valley, Antarctica / G. L. Lyon. - Application of oxygen-18 analysis to the study of atmospheric sulphate formation / B. D. Holt, P. T. Cunningham, and A. G. Engelkemeir. - GEOTHERMAL AND VOLCANIC STUDIES. - Stable isotopes in waters from the Wairakei geothermal area, New Zealand / M. K. Stewart. - Oxygen isotope studies of the Salton Sea geothermal field: new insights / E. R. Olson. - Oxygen isotopic composition of rocks altered by volcanic gases from Satsuma Iwo-Jima, Japan / M. Kusakabe, J. Ossaka, M. Yoshida, T. Uchida, and Y. Matsuhisa. - Oxygen and strontium isotope variations in the igneous rocks from the Euganean Hills, Venetian Tertiary Province, Northern Italy / M. Barbieri, B. Turi, R. De Pieri, G. De Vecchi, E. M. Piccirillo, and A. Gregnanin. - PETROLOGY. - Oxygen and hydrogen isotope studies of the Cordilleran batholiths of western North America / H. P. Taylor Jr. and M. Magaritz. - Unusually light oxygen in granulites from the Strangways Range, Central Australia / A. F. Wilson and A. K. Baksi. - Some peculiarities in the carbon isotope composition of "juvenile" carbon / J. Hoefs. - ORE DEPOSITS. - A sulphur isotope study to test a genetic model for Fe-Ni sulphide mineralisation at Mt Windarra, Western Australia / P. K. Seccombe, D. I. Groves, R. A. Binns, and J. W. Smith. - EXPERIMENTAL AND THEORETICAL EQUILIBRIUM STUDIES. - Isotopic equilibria between sulphur solute species at high temperature / B. W. Robinson. - Sulphur isotope effects during the reaction of sulphate with hydrogen sulphide / S. A. Husain and H. R. Krouse. - Methods of calculating isotopic fractionation in minerals / J. R. Hulston. - TECHNIQUES. - Current techniques for the collection and processing of stable isotope data / D. E. Goodney and P. M. Kroopnick.

Note: Kiel, Univ., Diss., 1977 , Inhalt: Zusammenfassung. - 1. Einleitung. - 2. Das Mondmodell. - Die Schweredaten. - Die topographischen Daten. - Seismische Angaben über die Mondkruste. - Die Mächtigkeit der Marebasalte. - Laterale Dichteunterschiede. - 3. Mathematische Verfahren. - 4. Ergebnis. - 5. Diskussion. - 6. Literaturverzeichnis. - Anhang. - A Rechenprogramm. - B. Datenfile.

Note: In kyrill. Schr.

Note: In kyrill. Schr., russ.

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Grundlagen, einschl. Zielstellung. - 2. Geologisch-tektonischer Überblick. - 3. Ergebnisse. - 3.1 Harzaufrichtungszone. - 3.2 Huy. - 3.3 Hakel. - 3.4 Ascherslebener Sattel. - 3.5 Straßfurter Sattel. - 3.6 Weferlinger Triasplatte und Allertal-Störungszone. - 3.7 Östliches Subherzynes Becken. - 4. Vergleich der einzelnen Untersuchungsgebiete. - 5. Zusammenfassung und Schlußfolgerungen. - 6. Literatur. - Kurze Stellungnahme Bereichsleitung ZIPE III (Geologie).

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Das Illawerra-Reversal - aktueller Kenntnisstand. - 2. Ergebnisse aus der DDR bis 12/1980. - 2.1. ROTHER 1971 und 1974. - 2.2. Scholle von Calvörde. - 2.3. Thüringer Wald. - 2.4. Referenzprofil NPS. - 3. Untersuchungsergebnisse 1981 und 1982. - 3.1. Flechtinger Scholle. - 3.2. Thüringer Wald. - 3.3. Bohrung Mirow 1/1a/74. - 3.4. Bohrung Luckenwalde 1/80. - 3.5. Bohrung Parchim 1/68. - 3.6. Bohrung Rostock 1/68. - 3.7. Bohrung Richtenberg 2/64. - 4. Magnetostratigraphisches Korrelationsschema - stratigraphische Schlußfolgerungen. - 5. Paläogeographische und paläotektonische Schlußfolgerungen. - 5.1. Zum Vorkommen größerer Schichtlücken. - 5.2. Zu intraformationellen Schichtlücken. - 5.3. Zur Intensität der Absenkungsimpulse in der NPS. - 5.4. Zur Frage einer säkulären Paläoschwelle im NE der DDR. - 5.5. Die Saxonsedimentation im Thüringer Wald und in der NPS. - 6. Folgearbeiten. - 7. Stellungnahme der Bereichsleitung ZIPE III (Geologie).

Note: Contents: PREFACE. - SECTION I. HISTORY OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN IN THE CENOZOIC ERA. - Linear and Areal Morphostructures of the Arctic Ocean Floor / V. D. Dibner. - Fluctuations in Arctic Climate as Revealed by Floor Sediment Analysis / N. A. Belov, N. N. Lapina. - Stratification and Rate of Accumulation of Floor Sediments of the Soviet Arctic Seas / N. N. Kulikov, N. N. Lapina, Yu. P. Semenov, N. A. Belov, M. A. Spiridonov. - Palynologic Study of Kara Sea Floor Sediment Cores / N. N. Kulikov, R. M. Khitrova. - Geologic Structure of the Glacial Shelves of the Atlantic Province of the Arctic Basin / M. A. Spiridonov. - Stratigraphy and Paleogeography of Spitsbergen in the Pleistocene / Yu. A. Lavrushin. - Role of Glaciers in Franz Josef Land Relief Formation / V. L. Sukhodrovskii. - Reconstruction of the Late- and Post-Pleistocene Arctic Basin Ice Sheet / P. M. Borisov. - Changes in the Arctic Basin since the Last Glaciation Maximum / D. P. Chizhov. - SECTION II. ARCTIC FLORA AND FAUNA AND THE HISTORY OF THEIR FORMATION. - Some Problems of Study of the Early Cenophytic Arctic Flora / L. Yu. Budantsev. - Arctic Flora and Its Historical Link with the Arctic Ocean / A. I. Tolmachev, B. A. Yurtsev. - Wide Fluctuations in Ocean Level in the Quaternary period and Their Influence on the Arctic Ocean Basin and its biological community / G. U. Lindberg. - Fresh Data on the Food of the Siberian Woolly Rhinoceros / V. E. Garutt, E. P. Meteltseva, B. A. Tikhomirov. - Characteristics of the Arctic Ocean Fauna and their significance for understanding the History of its formation / E. F. Guryanova. - Formation of macroscopic marine algal flora of the Arctic Basin / A. D. Zinova, Yu. E. Petrov. - The Concept of the Arctic origin of Pinnipeds and other solutions of this problem / K. K. Chapskii. - Ecological Adaptations of Pinnipeds in the Atlantic Province of the Polar Basin / V. A. Potelov, Yu. K. Timoshenko. - A General Review of th PIeistocene Marine Faunas of the Northern Coast of Eurasia / S. L. Troitskii. - History of the Evolution of Marine Mollusk Fauna of the Late Cenozoic Atlantic Arctic / V. S. Zarkhidze. - Late Cenozoic History of Foraminifera of the Pechora Lowland and Northern West Siberia / O. F. Baranovskaya, V. Ya. Slobodin. - Species composition of Modern Foraminifera as an Indication of the Arctic Sea's hydrological regime / S. V. Tamanova. - SECTION Ill. PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE NORTHERN TERRITORIES IN THE LATE CENOZOIC ERA. - Paleogeography of Northern USSR and contiguous areas of the Arctic Basin / G. S. Ganeshin. - North Eurasia in the Late Cenozoic Era / Yu. P. Degtyarenko, V. V. Zhukov, N. G. Zagorskaya, O. A. Ivanov, V. I. Kaiyalainen, Yu. N. Kulakov, A. P. Puminov, V. Ya. Slobodin, O. V. Suzdalskii. - On the History of the Migration of the Arctic Basin Shoreline in the Cenozoic Era / S. A. Strelkov. - Causes of Fluctuations in the Arctic Basin Level in the Neogene-Quaternary Period / J. L. Kuzin. - Spore-Pollen Analysis of Late Cenozoic Marine Sediments in the Reconstruction of the Paleogeography of the Arctic Coasts / N. G. Zagorskaya, F. M. Levina. - Forest Line Migration in North Asia in the Upper Pleistocene and Holocene (Based on Spore-Pollen Analysis) / R. E. Giterman, L. V. Golubeva, E. V. Koreneva, L. A. Skiba. - Holocene Transgressions and Variations in the Northern Coastline of the Kola Peninsula / B. I. Koshechkin, A. L. Kudlaeva. - Interpretation of Radiocarbon Datings of the Absolute Age of Organic Residues from the Upper Anthropogene Deposits of Fennoscandia / V. G. Chuvardinskii. - Structure and Stratigraphic Division of White Sea Bottom Deposits / V. S. Medvedev, E. N. Nevesskii, L. I. Govberg, E. S. Malyasova, R. N. Dzhinoridze, E. A. Kirienko. - Principal Stages in the History of the Vegetation of the Dvina Bay Coast of the White Sea during the Late- and Postglacial Transgression / E. S. Pleshivtseva. - Quaternary Transgressions in the Northern Russian Plain and Their Relationship with Continental Glaciations / E. N. Bylinskii. - Anthropogene Deposit-Forming Environments on Kolguev Island / O. F. Baranovskaya, T. A. Matveeva. - Cenozoic History of the Northern Coast of Europe / V. S. Zarkhidze. - Stages of Formation of the Southern Part of the Arctic Basin in Timan-Pechora Province in the Late Cenozoic Era / O. F. Baranovskaya, P. N. Safronov, G. N. Berdovskaya. - Pliocene-Pleistocene History of the Pechora Basin / V. L. Yakhimovich. - Paleogeography and Origin of Cenozoic Rocks in Soviet Europe as Revealed by Hydrochemical Data / V. D. Bezrodnov. - Study of Paleogeography and Neotectonics of Some Regions of the European Northeast by Coal Petrography / Yu. V. Stepanov. - History of the Formation of Arctic Shelf Foraminifer Fauna (Based on Data on the Timan-Ural Region) / I. N. Semenov. - Evolution of Pleistocene Marine Diatom Flora in the Northeast of Soviet Europe / E. I. Loseva. - Quaternary Deposits of the Middle Pechora and Vychegda River Basins / A. S. Lavrov. - Late Pleistocene Terraces in the Northeast of Soviet Europe and the Environments in which They were Formed / L. M. Potapenko, A. S. Lavrov. - Key Sections of the Lower Pechora and Their Importance for an Understanding of the Last Stages of the Geological Evolution of Northeastern Soviet Europe / V. S. Zarkhidze, I. I. Krasnov, M. A. Spiridonov, Yu. A. Lavrushin, I. I. Ryumina. - Siberian Elements in the Flora of the Far Northeast of Europe and Their Origin / O. V. Rebristaya. - Some Geographical Relationships of Ural Floras and Their Importance for Paleogeography / K. N. lgoshina. - Ostracod Complexes from the Late Cenozoic Marine Deposits of Northern Soviet Europe and West Siberia and Their Importance for Paleogeography / O. M. Lev. - Paleogeography of the Northern West Siberian Lowland and Russian Plain in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene / M. G. Kipiani, A. D. Kolbutov. - Mammals and Landscapes of the Northern Urals in the Late Anthropogene / I. E. Kuzmina. - Pleistocene Transgressions in Northern West Siberia and the Pechora Lowland / I. D. Danilov. - Salient Paleogeographic Features of the Pechora Lowland and Lower Ob Basin in the Neogene Epoch / P. P. Generalov, I. L. Kuzin, I. L. Zaionts, R. B. Krapivner. - Some Problems of the Quaternary Geology of Northern Soviet Europe and West Siberia / A. G. Kostyaev. - Northern West Siberia in the Pliocene and Pleistocene / O. V. Suzdalskii. - Boreal Transgressions and the Origin of Subsurface Sheet Ice Deposits / B. I. Vtyurin. - Dependence of Certain Types of Subsurface Glaciation in West Siberia on the Peculiarities of the Polar Sea / A .I. Popov. - History of Subsurface Freezing in West Siberia in the Light of Transgression of the Arctic Basin / V. V. Baulin. - New Data on the History of the Evolution of the Pre-Kazantseva and Kazantseva Vegetation in the Muzhi Urals and Southern Yamal (Based on Palynological Data) / E. E. Gurtovaya. - New Data on the Distribution of Recent Marine Deposits in West Siberia / I. L. Zaionts, Z. I. Kholodova. - Pleistocene Diatom Floras of the Yenisei North / Z. V. Aleshinskaya. - Some Upper Cenozoic Stratotypes of the Ust-Yenisei Depression / V. Ya. Slobodin. - Transgressions of the Arctic Basin and Evolution of the Yenisei North in the Pleistocene (Absolute Chronology of Events by 14C Dating) / N. V. Kind, L. D. Sulerzhitskii. - Kargin Diatoms from the Key Section of the Lower Yenisei / N. A. Khalfina. - Spread of Late Cenozoic Transgressions of the Arctic Basin in the Northwestern Central Siberian Tableland / V. D. Kryukov, V. V. Rogozhin. - Paleogeography of Northeastern Taimyr in the Quaternary Period (Based on Geological and Palynological Data) / G. N. Berdovskaya, N. A. Gei, V. M. Makeev. - Emergence and Development of Pleistocene Landscapes in the Eastern North Siberian Lowland / V. V. Zhukov, N. A. Pervuninskaya, L. Ya. Pinchuk. - History of Relief Formation in the Eastern North Siberian Lowland and the Adjoi

Note: Im Band enthalten: Sechster Jahresbericht der Königsberger Gelehrten Gesellschaft erstattet am 12. Januar 1930 von Herrn Mitscherlich

Note: Inhalt: Zusammenfassung. - 1. Einführung. - 2. Zum Untersuchungsgebiet. - 3. Fahrtverlauf. - 4. Zum Schiff und zum Instrumentarium. - 5. Eisverhältnisse und Wetter. - 5.1. Eisschelfe. - 5.2. Eisberge. - 5.3. Treibeis- und Packeisverbreitung. - 5.4. Wetter. - 5.5. Zum Skyceiver IV. - 6. Kommunikation mit antarktischen Stationen und anderen Schiffen. - 7. Positionsbestimmung. - 8. Zur Wassermassenzirkulation. - 9. Zur Wasserschallgeschwindigkeit. - 10. Vorläufige geophysikalische Ergebnisse. - 10.1. Diskussion der reflexionsseismischen Profile. - 10.2. Reflexionsseismik. - 10.3. Magnetik/Gravimetrie. - 11. Vorläufige regionale strukturgeologische Betrachtung. - 12. Frühere Expeditionen. - 13. Schlußwort. - Anlagen. - A) Liste der geophysikalischen Profile. - B) Liste der Sonobojen-Stationen. - C) Dichte des Meerwassers an der Oberfläche. - D) Korrekturbedürftige Koordinaten für die Insel Bouvetøya. - E) Literatur. - F) Teilnehmer. - G) Eisverhältnisse.

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction. - 2. Design of the existing base. - 3. Why a new concept. - 4. Considerations for a new base. - 5. Building alternatives for a floating ice shelf. - 6. Design criteria. - 7. Concept adopted. - 8. Technical data. - 9. Services. - 9.1. Electrical. - 9.2. Mechanical. - 9.3. Fire Protection. - 9.4. Toilets. - 10. Stores. - 11. External buildings. - 12. Conclusion.

Note: In kyrillischer Schrift

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Bering Strait Field reconnaissance Estimation of ice forces on Fairway Rock 1. Creep deformation 2. Crushing failure 3. Flexural failure 4. Forces required to form floating or grounded pressure ridges along therock or to pile ice on the beaches 5. Buckling failure Driving forces Angle of internal friction of sea ice Summary Literature cited Appendix A: April 1982 field observations at Fairway Rock

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS: Abstract. - Acknowledgments. - List of Figures. - List of Plates. - List of Tables. - Value of Microparticle Studies. - Reasons for Variations in Particle Concentration. - Laboratory Techniques. - Particle Concentration and Size Distribution. - Sample Preparation. - Contamination. - Particle Counters. - Laboratory Procedures. - Particle Composition. - Sample Preparation. - Types of Particles and Their Seasonal Variation. - Particle Types. - Variations of Particle Concentrations. - Antarctic Peninsula. - Marie Byrd Land. - Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru. - Annual Layers in Deep Ice Cores. - Chronologies for the Byrd and Camp Century Deep Ice Cores. - The Byrd Station Deep Ice Core. - Age Calculation. - Discussion. - The Camp Century Deep Ice Core. - Vertical Strain Rates. - Age Calculation. - Discussion. - Morphology and Elemental Composition of Microparticles. - Data Analysis. - Results. - Discussion. - The Relationships Among Dust, Oxygen Isotopes and Climate. - Microparticle Variations Over Millennial Time Invervals. - Dust, Oxygen Isotopes and Climate. - Discussion. - Is There A Relationship Between Volcanic Activity and Climatic Change?. - General. - Theory. - Supportive Evidence. - Cycles. - Discussion. - Suggestions for Future Work. - Conclusions. - References. - Appendix A. - Appendix B. - Appendix C. - Appendix D.

Note: CONTENTS Abstrac Preface Introduction Purpose Scope Concept of accuracy Test selection Definition of parameters Piezometric head Use of piezometers Hydraulic conductivity Flow direction Specific discharge magnitude Transmissivity Volumetric flow rate Porosity Average linear velocity Storage coefficient-specific yield Aquifer dispersivity Parameter estimation techniques Piezometric head Hydraulic conductivity Direction and magnitude of specific discharge vector Transmissivity Volumetric flow rate Total porosity Average linear velocity Storage coefficient Specific yield Effective porosity Aquifer dispersivity-dispersion coefficients Conclusions Literature cited

Note: Contents Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Previous work in cold weather window performance Investigation Data acquisition and analysis Modeling the window thermal regime Moisture and ice observations Airtightness testing and analysis Annual heat loss from air leakage Results and conclusions Moisture on windows Airtightness Airtightness economics Recommendations for windows in extreme cold Airtightness Multiple glazing Literature cited Appendix A: Moisture levels and airtightness Appendix B: Dewpoint data Appendix C: Sample observations of icing

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Foreword Introduction A land cover map of the ANWR study area Legend development Mapping method Results Discussion Description of the ANWR study area General description Description of specific terrain types Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Descriptions of Landsat land cover categories for ANWR Appendix B: Area summaries Appendix C: Aproximate equivalent units in several systems of land cover, wetland and vegetation classifications used in northern Alaska Appendix D: Soil taxonomy Appendix E: Summary of principal Landsat land cover categories within the terrain types of the ANWR study area