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  • Articles  (5)
  • Regional Labor Markets  (3)
  • Conflict Resolution  (2)
  • 2015-2019  (5)
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  • 1
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    Local warming and violent conflict in North and South Sudan (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-14
    Description: Our article contributes to the emerging micro-level strand of the literature on the link between local variations in weather shocks and conflicts by focusing on a pixel-level analysis for North and South Sudan between 1997 and 2009. Temperature anomalies are found to strongly affect the risk of conflict, whereas the risk is expected to magnify in a range of 24–31% in the future under a median scenario. Our analysis also sheds light on the competition over natural resources, in particular water, as the main driver of such relationship in a region where pastoralism constitutes the dominant livelihood.
    Keywords: D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances, O13 - Agriculture ; Natural Resources ; Energy ; Environment ; Other Primary Products, Q54 - Climate ; Natural Disasters ; Global Warming, R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Migrant and ethnic diversity, cities and innovation: Firm effects or city effects? (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-06-20
    Description: The growing cultural diversity caused by immigration is seen as important for innovation. Research has focused on two potential mechanisms: a firm effect, with diversity at the firm level improving knowledge sourcing or ideas generation, and a city effect, where diverse cities help firms innovate. This article uses a dataset of over 2000 UK small- and medium-sized enterprises to test between these two. Controlling for firm characteristics, city characteristics and firm and city diversity, there is strong evidence for the firm effect. Firms with a greater share of migrant owners or partners are more likely to introduce new products and processes. This effect has diminishing returns, suggesting that it is a ‘diversity’ effect rather than simply the benefits of migrant run firms. However, there is no relationship between the share of foreign workers in a local labour market or fractionalization by country of birth and firm level innovation, nor do migrant-run firms in diverse cities appear particularly innovative. But urban context does matter and firms in London with more migrant owners and partners are more innovative than others. Firms in cities with high levels of human capital are also more innovative.
    Keywords: J61 - Geographic Labor Mobility ; Immigrant Workers, L21 - Business Objectives of the Firm, M13 - New Firms ; Startups, R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    The Way of the Gun: Estimating Firearms Trafficking across the US-Mexico Border (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-18
    Description: The volume of firearms sold in USA and trafficked across the US–Mexico border is notoriously difficult to estimate. We consider a unique approach using GIS-generated county-level panel data (1993–1999 and 2010–2012) of Federal Firearms Licenses to sell small arms (FFLs) to estimate the realized demand for firearms based on the distance by road from the nearest point on the US–Mexico border. We use a time-series negative binomial model paired with a post-estimation population attributable fraction (PAF) estimator. We do so to control determinants of domestic demand. We are able to estimate a total demand for trafficking, both in terms of firearms and dollar sales for the firearms industry. We find that nearly 2.2% (between 0.9% and 3.7%) of US domestic arms sales are attributable to the US–Mexico traffic in the period 2010–2012, representing 212,887 firearms (between 89,816 and 359,205) purchased annually to be trafficked.
    Keywords: D74 - Conflict ; Conflict Resolution ; Alliances, F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade, F52 - National Security ; Economic Nationalism, K14 - Criminal Law, K42 - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Migration and inter-industry mobility of UK graduates (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-18
    Description: New university graduates are highly geographically mobile, but, as the literature has shown, often struggle in the labour market, working in non-graduate level jobs or in a field different from the one for which they are qualified. In this context, inter-industry moves can act as complements or substitutes for geographical moves, with graduates reacting to job mismatches by either changing location, industry, or both. Self-selection is also likely; industry movers may differ from non-movers in ways that also affect their career outcomes. We analyse the relationship between migration and inter-industry moves using longitudinal microdata for 7060 recent UK graduates.
    Keywords: I23 - Higher Education Research Institutions, J24 - Human Capital ; Skills ; Occupational Choice ; Labor Productivity, J28 - Safety ; Job Satisfaction ; Related Public Policy, R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    The effects of the global financial crisis on European regions and cities (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-08-22
    Description: Growth before and especially after the crisis differed from large-city-led growth pattern. The crisis has led to big contractions especially in urban regions and in remote rural regions, while intermediate and rural regions close to a city displayed more resilience. In some countries, the capital metro region had much higher economic growth prior to the crisis, but this pattern was inverted by the crisis. Capital cities are now central to the problems faced by national economies in Europe, and appear to have exacerbated the adverse effects of the crisis. This implies that a development strategy primarily focused on the capital city can lead to more volatile and potentially lower growth, than a more a balanced development strategy. The article uses data from the OECD regional database to investigate the performance of rural, intermediate and urban regions and Eurostat data to investigate metro regions.
    Keywords: F63 - Economic Development, R11 - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, and Changes, R23 - Regional Migration ; Regional Labor Markets ; Population
    Print ISSN: 1468-2702
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-2710
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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