ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Other Sources  (404)
  • ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING  (195)
  • MECHANICAL ENGINEERING  (183)
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Kartoffeln
  • Rock mechanics
  • 1980-1984  (393)
  • 1945-1949  (1)
  • 1935-1939  (1)
  • 1920-1924  (4)
  • 1915-1919  (5)
  • 1983  (393)
  • 1946  (1)
  • 1938  (1)
  • 1937
  • 1921  (4)
  • 1918  (2)
  • 1915  (3)
Collection
Years
  • 1980-1984  (393)
  • 1945-1949  (1)
  • 1935-1939  (1)
  • 1920-1924  (4)
  • 1915-1919  (5)
Year
  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., London, Army Corps of Engineers, Woodward-Clyde Consultants, vol. 88, no. 4, pp. 1153-1172, pp. 1013, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Friction ; Rock mechanics ; Fault zone ; JGR
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Kobe, Dec. 6-11, 1993, The Local Organizing Committee for the CRCM '93, vol. 88, no. B12, pp. 10359-10370, pp. 1517, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Friction ; Fracture ; Modelling ; ductile ; Rheology ; JGR
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  J. Earthquake Prediction Research, Basel, Inst. f. Geophys., Ruhr-Univ. Bochum, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 33-45, pp. 1517, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Fracture ; Rock mechanics ; Hydraulic fracturing ; Stress ; Stress measurements ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 88, no. 3, pp. 555-568, pp. 1006, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Fracture ; Friction ; Stress ; cracks and fractures (.NE. fracturing) ; JGR
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Enke
    In:  Stuttgart, 403 pp., Enke, vol. 4, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 267, (ISBN 3-534-14102-4)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Rock mechanics ; Laboratory measurements ; Physical properties of rocks ; Schoen ; Schon
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Lincei Rend., Heidelberg, Elsevier, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 404-408, pp. 2099, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Publication Date: 1915
    Keywords: Dislocation ; Rock mechanics ; Elasticity
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Lincei Rend., Heidelberg, Elsevier, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 575-576, pp. 2099, (ISBN: 0-12-018847-3)
    Publication Date: 1915
    Keywords: Dislocation ; Rock mechanics ; Elasticity
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., London, Dt. Geophys. Ges. e. V., vol. A221, no. B11, pp. 163-198, pp. L06304, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Publication Date: 1921
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; cracks and fractures (.NE. fracturing) ; Fracture ; Rheology
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Pageoph, Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 121, no. 2, pp. 443-475, pp. 2131, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Friction ; Fracture
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., Minsk, Polish Geothermal Association, vol. 94, no. 4, pp. 1281-1288, pp. TC5003, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Geol. aspects ; Rock mechanics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Modelling ; Review article ; GSA
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Springer Verlag
    In:  Berlin, Springer Verlag, vol. 4, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 329, (ISBN: 0-444-50309-9)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Fracture ; Boundary Element Method ; Elasticity
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Landwirtschaftl. Jahrbuch 86:823-924.
    Publication Date: 1938
    Description: Erarbeitung einer ausbaufähigen Methode für das Erfassen des Witterungsablaufes; Vergleichen einer Zwölfjahresreihe von Erträgen mit dem Witterungsablauf; bearbeitet wurden Winterroggen, Winterweizen, Wintergerste, Hafer, Sommergerste, Sommerweizen, Kartoffeln KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Zusammenhang Witterung und Ertrag bei Getreide und Kartoffeln KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta Wasserversorgung (Frühjahr) - und Delta Wasserversorgung (Mai, Juni, Juli) +, dann Ertrag (Getreide) +; Delta T (frühe Entwicklungsstadien) -, dann Ertrag (Winterroggen, Hafer) +; Delta T (April) -, dann Ertrag (Hafer) +; Delta Nied (April, Mai) -, dann Ertrag (Winterweizen) +; delta T (Mai) -, dann Ertrag (Winterroggen) +; Delta T +, dann Ertrag (Kartoffel) +; Delta Nied (Juli, August) +, dann Ertrag (Kartoffel) +;
    Keywords: Brandenburg ; 1924-37 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Getreide ; Witterung
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Deut. Landwirtschaflt. Presse 42: 420-421
    Publication Date: 1915
    Description: Korrelation der Sommer- und Winterniederschläge (Oktober-März) mit den Erträgen von Sommer- und Winterweizen, Roggen, Hafer, Gerste, Zuckerrüben und Kartoffeln, Winterniederschläge sind entscheidend für die Erträge, aber ertragsrelevanter sind die Sommerniederschläge und hier nicht in der Häufigkei, sondern der Menge im Zusammenspiel mit Temperatur, Sonnenscheindauer etc. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Beziehung zwischen der Niederschlagshöhe und dem Ertrag verschiedener Kulturen, getrennt für Winter- und Sommerniederschläge als Grafiken KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Schlesien und Sachsen-Anhalt ; 1888-1907 ; Zuckerrüben ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Getreide ; Korrelationsmethode ; Niederschlag ; Roggen ; Weizen
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Deutsche Landwirtschaftliche Presse 45:287-288.
    Publication Date: 1918
    Description: Einfluss des Niederschlages auf die Höhe der Ertrages bei Getreide und Kartoffeln auf leichtem Sandboden KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Brandenburg ; 1910-1917 ; Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Niederschlag ; Trockenheit
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Die Kartoffel, S. 90
    Publication Date: 1921
    Description: Zusammenhang Niederschlag und Wachstum der Kartoffelknolle KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Niederschlag ; Trockenheit
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Neue Mitteilungen für die Landwirtschaft 1, Heft 7; p.102-103
    Publication Date: 1946
    Description: Krankheitsbild, Ursachen und Bekämpfung der Krautfäule werden kurz erörtert. Hierbei wird die Wichtigkeit feuchtwarmer Witterung um ca. 20°C für die Entwicklung des Erregers hervorgehoben. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 1945 ; Kartoffeln ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Hackfrüchte
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Die Kartoffel, Seite 136
    Publication Date: 1921
    Description: Zusammenhang zwischen der Witterung und der Reifezeit der Kartoffelknolle KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Kartoffeln ; Ertrag ; Witterung
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Schriften der oekonomischen Gesellschaft im Freistaat Sachsen 8; No.3; p.1-24
    Publication Date: 1921
    Description: Diskussion einiger wichtiger Pflanzenkrankheiten im Ackerbau, wie z.B. Brandkrankheiten verschiedener Kulturen und verschiedenen Kartoffelkrankheiten. Gestützt werden die Anmerkungen von regionalen Beispielen aus Deutschland. Teilweise wird Bezug zum Wetter hergestellt. KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 1920-1921 ; Kartoffeln ; Getreide ; Pflanzenkrankheit ; Hackfrüchte
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Jour. industr. and engin. Chem. 10; p.725-726
    Publication Date: 1918
    Description: Laborversuche zur Untersuchung des Zusammenhangs zwischen Frosteinwirkung und Fäulebefall auf die Speisestärke der Kartoffel KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Labor ; 1916-18 ; Kartoffeln ; Pflanzenkrankheit
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  J. Appl. Mech., Luxembourg, Conseil de l'Europe, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 343-349, pp. 2131, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rheology ; Inelastic ; Friction ; Rock mechanics ; ductile ; instability
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Allen & Unwin
    In:  London, Allen & Unwin, vol. 231, no. 3, pp. 2-203, (ISBN 0-470-02298-1)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Fracture ; Boundary Element Method ; Elasticity ; Textbook of physics
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Chapmann & Hall
    In:  London, Chapmann & Hall, vol. 558, no. XVI:, pp. 1-14, (ISBN 3-9808493-1-7)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Rock mechanics ; Fracture ; Elasticity ; Rheology
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  J. Geophys. Res., Kunming, China, D. Reidel Publishing Company, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 9331-9340, pp. L09303, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Seismicity ; Fracture ; JGR
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Universität Frankfurt/Main
    In:  Berichte des Instituts für Meteorologie und Geophysik, Universität Frankfurt/Main, Universität Frankfurt/Main, vol. 1034, no. 53, pp. 206, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Tectonics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Velocity analysis ; Electromagnetic methods/phenomena ; Elasticity ; Physical properties of rocks ; earth mantle
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Univ. of London
    In:  Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, London, Univ. of London, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. GL-TR-89-0147, pp. 205-211, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Fracture ; Rock mechanics ; Laboratory measurements
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Martinus Nijhoff Publ.
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Hydraulic Fracturing and Geothermal Energy, Boston, Martinus Nijhoff Publ., vol. IV, no. 1, pp. 291-305, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Fracture ; Stress ; Hydraulic fracturing ; Geothermics ; ERYBACKI
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Characterization tests were carried out at three charge levels and four discharge levels. The "c' or capacity of the battery is designated at 6.5 ampere-hours. The recharge ampere-hours was the same for all test conditions, 6.5 A-H, regardless of the discharge capacity removed for any particular discharge rate. Less capacity can be removed at higher discharge rates to the same termination voltage, which was 0.50 volts for the weakest (lowest voltage) cell. The general trend of efficiencies increases as the charge rate increases as noted in results of the table included in the handout package. The data also indicate the efficiency increases as the discharge rate decreases. This is true; however, efficiencies at the discharge rates of c and 2c are penalized because these cycles received more overcharge than necessary.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 496-500
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The probability of Ni-Cd battery survival was determined by researching survival data on cells fabricated from 1964-1977. A log of cell failure times were plotted against cumulative failure percentage and mean and standard deviation were determined.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 470-479
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The design of long life, low weight nickel cadmium cells is studied. The status of a program to optimize nickel electrodes for the best performance is discussed. The pore size of the plaque, the mechanical strength and active material loading are considered in depth.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 253-469
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: An evaluation of the current nickel hydrogen cell design is presented. The IPV, or the Individual Pressure Vessel, is the state of the art right now. The present design, 3 1/2 inch cell, has a current limit of 50 ampere-hours. The nickel hydrogen cell design is the state of the art. Its size is 3 1/2 inches which limits it to 50 hours. The probable limits of that are probably 160 amphere IPV cell remaining in the passive cooling mode. The IPV stacks is a parallel connection of electrodes. Positive electrodes are connected with leads to the top portion of the stack and negative electrodes are connected with leads and pulled down to the bottom. So it is a combination connection of paralleling series electrostacking--parallel inside each individual stack, and series connected from one stack to the next. It offers, in the analysis, improvements in packaging, cost, energy density, and specific energy.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 480-495
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Nickel Hydrogen cell and battery technology has matured to the point where a real choice exists between Nickel Hydrogen and Nickel Cadmium batteries for each new spacecraft application. During the past few years, a number of spacecraft programs have been evaluated at Hughes with respect to this choice, with the results being split about fifty-fifty. The following paragraphs contain criteria which were used in making the battery selection.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 430-438
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The Defense Research Establishment Ottawa (DREO) has been studying the nickel-cadmium system, both vented and sealed, since the early 1950's. Reasonable success has been achieved in a wide variety of applications covering: military vehicle use under Arctic conditions; high performance military aircraft; manpacked communications sets; remote standby power and small portable instrumentation. Early studies on the vented system for high rate vehicle and aircraft cranking applications proved useful in later studies on the sealed NiCd system. This was especially true in the areas of plate loading and electrolyte composition. To achieve high rate cranking currents of 20C to 30C, it was necessary to have light to moderate plate loadings, a large reactive surface area, and electrolyte of optimum conductivity. DREO undertook some fundamental studies to understand the system from the inside out rather than test cells from the outside and then analyze their components. The conclusions of these studies were incorporated into the Procurement Specification for Ni-Cd cells ISISA Spec S615-P-2. A brief comment will be made on the choice of cell design and how some of the factors of cell manufacture could affect cell performance.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 439-451
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Events from the development and orbital flight experience with a nickel hydrogen battery are described. The events highlight characteristics of nickel hydrogen which afford superior capability in overcharge, overdischarge and state of charge evaluation, when compared to the nickel cadmium electrochemical system. Some developments in nickel hydrogen technology that provide the potential of furthering nickel hydrogen superiority for satellite applications are also discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 416-429
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Ni-H2 batteries are just now being put into service. All of the remaining INTELSAT V satellites (approximately 10), starting with the next to be launched in early 1983, will use Ni-H2 batteries. In addition, the next generation of INTELSAT VI satellites, and probably INTELSAT VII and VIII, will use Ni-H2 batteries. This means that international telecommunications satellites will use Ni-H2 batteries through the 1990's. It is projected that the lifetime of these batteries will be greater than 10 years at deep depth-of-discharge (DOD), and that the battery subsystem will no longer limit satellite lifetime or communications capability during eclipse periods. This paper discusses the advantages of the Ni-H2 battery, as compared with the Ni-Cd battery, for telecommunications satellites.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 389-415
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Nickel-hydrogen cells appear to be an improvement over the nickel-cadmium in applications requiring longer lifetime and reduced weight. An even more efficient couple, the silver-hydrogen couple, is also considered. After a theoretical study first performed by the Battelle Institute of Geneva under ESA (European Space Agency) contract, SAFT has undertaken more detailed analyses of the silver-hydrogen degradation mechanisms. ESA and the French Department of Defense contracted with SAFT for a full-development program of the silver-hydrogen technology.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 347-371
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: This effects of reconditioning on the performance of NiCd batteries are reviewed. These effects are correlated with cell experiments and individual electrode investigations. The effects of reconditioning on the positive electrode performance are found to be significant. A mechanism is proposed that rationalizes the operation of the nickel electrode and suggests that reconditioning minimizes depth of discharge stress during use and maintains uniformity of the active material.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 324-345
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Cost considerations for spacecraft battery reconditioning are studied. Results indicate that the cost of performing reconditioning is minuscule compared with spacecraft system investment. Results also indicate that spacecraft life extension of a few days justifies incorporation of reconditioning circuitry.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 303-310
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Six (6) geostationary spacecraft, manufactured by RCA Astro, are presently operating in orbit. All of their batteries are performing well. They all contain unique battery reconditioning circuitry, permitting individual cell reconditioning to practically zero volts without the danger of cell reversal. This reconditioning is performed just prior to start of each eclipse season. This technique has maintained the battery's end-of-discharge voltage with mission life. The oldest operating RCA Astro geostationary spacecraft, Satcom F1 and F2, have now completed almost 7 and 6-3/4 years in orbit, respectively. Their battery performance, reported herein, show that a major milestone in the mission longevity of nickel-cadmium batteries has heen achieved. Low earth orbit test data show a long lasting effect of maintaining end-of-discharge voltages for nickel cadmium cells using periodic reconditioning. The unique RCA light-weight reconditioning circuitry can accomplish a quick reconditioning and prevent cell reversal. Reconditioning, thus, has the potential for extending mission life of geostationary as well as low earth orbit spacecraft, when two or more batteries are present.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 311-323
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Deep-discharge reconditioning (DDR) can be of great benefit to battery performance, especially in geosynchronous orbit, if performed properly and regularly, and can be essential to operation of batteries at the high depths of discharge (DOD) required to minimize weight. The procedure should be tailored to fit the nature of the degradation occuring during regular cycling. DDR is not without its drawbacks, however, and these differ depending on the normal DOD to be sustained and/or whether the discharge is done at the battery or the cell level. Battery-level discharge carries the minimum weight penalty but raises questions of the effects of low-rate cell reversal that as yet have no firm answers. Cell level discharge avoids cell reversal but carries significant penalties of weight and complexity. Thus no universal procedure or method of implementation of deep-discharge reconditioning is now available and thus the various approaches must be evaluated for each application.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 297-302
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: It is argued that sophisticated battery control systems are required to support the high power, high energy spacecraft secondary battery systems of the post 1985 time period. Four categories of battery control system functions are defined and discussed: battery operational control, auxiliary system control, battery system status indication and fault detection fault isolation. A concept for implementation of such a control system is also presented and discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 270-279
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A comparison of voltage limited control methods limit control methods for fixed array and oriented array missions is given. The LANDSAT D, Earth Radiation Budget Experiment and Solar maximum Mission techniques are compared.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 231-258
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Battery charge control for orbiting spacecraft with mission durations from three to ten years, is a critical design feature that is discussed. Starting in 1974, the General Electric Space Systems Division designed, manufactured and tested battery systems for six different space programs. Three of these are geosynchronous missions, two are medium altitude missions and one is a near-earth mission. All six power subsystems contain nickel cadmium batteries which are charged using a temperature compensated voltage limit. This charging method was found to be successful in extending the life of nickel cadmium batteries in all three types of earth orbits. Test data and flight data are presented for each type of orbit.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 259-269
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A simple non-linear circuit model for battery behavior is given. It is based on time-dependent features of the well-known PIN change storage diode, whose behavior is described by equations similar to those associated with electrochemical cells. The circuit simulation computer program ADVICE was used to predict non-linear response from a topological description of the battery analog built from advice components. By a reasonable choice of one set of parameters, the circuit accurately simulates a wide spectrum of measured non-linear battery responses to within a few millivolts.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 201-215
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A generalized code applicable to many different electrochemical systems and geometric designs is discussed. The code is to be set up so that physical property data such as thermal conductivity, viscosity, density, and configuration (e.g. physical dimensions) are the input data. Thus, by changing these parameters many different battery configurations can be handled. The outputs, as a function of time and space, are voltage, current, temperature, pressure, velocity, and species concentration.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 178-199
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Previous work is refined and extended to describe the discharge curve of Ni-Cd cells. Several models are discussed which are based on chronopotentiometry theory and on a thermodynamic approach. Emphasis is placed on improvement of the fit for the initial portion of discharge. Equations are presented which improve the fit for all regions of the discharge curve.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 164-177
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: A model to simulate nickel-cadmium battery performance and response in a spacecraft electrical power system energy balance calculation was developed. The voltage of the battery is given as a function of temperature, operating depth-of-charge (DOD), and battery state-of-charge. Also accounted for is charge inefficiency. A battery is modeled by analysis of the results of a multiparameter battery cycling test at various temperatures and DOD's.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 117-124
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Using the accelerating rate calorimeter, the hazards associated with exothermic reactions occurring in Li/SO2 cells under the conditions of discharge, forced overdischarge, resistive overdischarge, and forced overdischarge at low tempratures are quantitatively defined in terms of: rate of pressure generation, overall pressure rise, rate of temperature, and overall heat generation. Consistent with the findings of other investigators, it is believed that the major reactions contributing to Li/SO2 cell exothermicity are: the lithium/acetonitrile reaction, the thermal decomposition of lithium dithionite, and the lithium/sulfur reaction.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 85-99
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Cell design criteria were established which can result in a safe lithium/thionyl chloride cell. A cell vent, a low area internal anode cell, cell balance and composition of the cathode-electrolyte solution were found to be important factors in the design of a safe cell. In addition to routine testing, both undischarged and discharged cells were subjected to electrical abuse, environmental abuse and mechanical abuse without disassembly.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 75-84
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The roll of general cell design characteristics in preventing hazardous reactions during voltage reversal of lithium cells is discussed. Anode limited versus cathode limited design and case positive versus case negative design are addressed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 67-74
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The ovedischarge test program and results for double A and D lithium cells are discussed. Temperature increases and sparking responses are dressed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 60-63
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Lithium cell performance at extremely low temperatures was tested and materials which could be used to make a cell completely electro-chemically inert for the purpose of deactivation were investigated. The effects of temperature and current density on polarization and performance loss are discussed along with discharge recovery behavior.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 64-66
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Lithium batteries offer many advantages for Navy systems but may also exhibit undesirable hazardous behavior. Safety problems have been traced to a variety of chemical and physical causes. The Navy has established a central safety office with responsibility for all lithium battery use. Before an item is approved for Navy use, it must pass both a design review and a set of end item tests. These reviews focus on complete systems which include a battery inside the end item. After system approval, specific regulations govern the transportation, storage, and disposal of the unit containing lithium batteries. Each of these areas is discussed in detail.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 23-34
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The unique power requirement of NASA's Galileo Jupiter Probe are most readily met by a Li/SO2 battery; however, because this battery system is not space flight proven, extensive effort was required to qualify this device from the stand point of performance and safety. Due to the rather checkered safety record of the Li/SO2 system, safety has been foremost among the design considerations and has been addressed at the cell, battery and system level. The mission requirements which led to the choice of the Li/SO2 battery and the safety engineering which went into the battery and power system design are described.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 15-22
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Results of an experiment investigating overdischarge behavior of two types of Li/SO2 cells are presented. Forced overdischarges of the Li/LiBr, CH3CN/SO2 cell can result in unsafe behavior such as venting with fire and release of toxic gases. The hazards may be minimized or eliminated by careful cell design considerations and practice of high standards of quality contol in cell manufacture. Seemingly safe cells at 25 C when forced overdischarged at -25 C, even at low currents, exhibited incipient signs of hazards. Their cathodes indicated signs of shock sensitivity. Cathode limited Li/SOCl2 cells were safe during forced overdischarge for long periods of time. Lithium limited Li/SOCl2 cells in which practically all Li had been used up before cell reversal did not exhibit hazardous behavior. Anode limited Li/SOCl2 cells, but not Li limited, exhibited detonations, all during overdischarges at relatively low current densities of or = 1 mA/sq cm 2. Anode potentials 4v with large oscillations preceeded the events. The events were confined to the anode and the temperature rose high enough to melt Ni grids.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 47-59
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: In order to determine whether larger size lithium batteries would be commercially marketable, the performance of several D size lithium batteries was compared with that of an equivalent alkaline manganese battery, and the relative costs of the different systems were compared. It is concluded that opportunities exist in the consumer market for the larger sizes of the low rate and moderate rate lithium batteries, and that the high rate lithium batteries need further improvements before they can be recommended for consumer applications.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 35-45
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: Case histories were described of hazardous behavior for three different cell sizes ranging in nominal capacity from 300 mAh to 12,000 Ah. Design characteristics and other facts believed to have been responsible for the cell explosions, are presented. Obvious facts are discussed as causes for hazardous behavior of lithium batteries in general and oxyhalide batteries in particular.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 3-14
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Publication Date: 2006-10-01
    Description: A number of 12 ampere-hour cells, nickel cadmium, were cycled under various conditions of temperature and depth of discharge. Using this data, it was confirmed that a five parameter fit equation could be used to model the data within a few millivolts. Both charge and discharge curves can be fit with accuracies in the range of one or two millivolts. The fit coefficients when plotted versus cycles show definite trends and patterns which can be used in an operational sense to predict battery voltage as a function of temperature and depth of discharge.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Goddard Space Flight Center The 1982 Goddard Space Flight Center Battery Workshop; p 125-163
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Two-phase turbines would be useful in Rankine cycles using low-quality or saturated-liquid working fluids. The chief problem is low efficiency due to slip losses in nozzles and due to liquid impact and friction losses in rotors. To raise efficiency, a staging method was tested in which the first stage operated at high speed with low relative liquid velocity, and the second stage recovered the first-stage exit energy. The theoretical efficiency for an experimental turbine operating with Refrigerant-22 was raised from 55 percent to 66 percent, and the measured efficiency was raised from 52 percent to 57 percent.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: An overview of the DOE/NASA Automotive Stirling Engine Project is presented. The background and objectives of the project are reviewed. Project activities are described and technical progress and status are presented and assessed. Prospects for achieving the objective 30 percent fuel economy improvement are considered good. The key remaining technology issues are primarily related to life, reliability and cost, such as piston rod seals, and low cost heat exchanges. Previously announced in STAR as N83-27924
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The results of work done on the quantitative characterization of single-event upset (SEU) in bipolar random-access memories (RAMs) have been obtained through computer simulation of SEU in RAM cells that contain circuit models for bipolar transistors. The models include current generators that emulate the charge collected from ion tracks. The computer simulation results are compared with test data obtained from a RAM in a bipolar microprocessor chip. This methodology is applicable to other bipolar integrated circuit constructions in addition to RAM cells.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-30; 4540-454
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: This paper reports on a study of damage equivalence in rad-hard MOS devices with 100,000 rads (SiO2) capability. Damage sensitivities for electrons of 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 MeV, protons of 1, 3, 7, 22, and 40 MeV, 3.4-MeV alphas, and Co-60 gammas were measured and compared. Results indicated that qualitatively the same charge recombination effects occurred in hard oxide devices for doses of 100,000 rads (SiO2) as in soft oxide parts for doses of 1 to 4 krads (SiO2). Consequently, damage equivalency or non-equivalency depended on radiation type and energy. However, recovery effects, both during and after irradiation, controlled relative damage sensitivity and its dependency on total dose, dose rate, supply bias, gate bias, radiation type, and energy. Correction factors can be derived from these data or from similar tests of other hard oxide type, so as to properly evaluate the combined effects of the total space environment.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-30; 4363-436
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: In this paper, some of the effects of unbalance on the nonlinear response and stability of flexible rotor-bearing systems is presented from both a theoretical and experimental standpoint. In a linear system, operating above its stability threshold, the amplitude of motion grows exponentially with time and the orbits become unbounded. In an actual system, this is not necessarily the case. The actual amplitudes of motion may be bounded due to various nonlinear effects in the system. These nonlinear effects cause limit cycles of motion. Nonlinear effects are inherent in fluid film bearings and seals. Other contributors to nonlinear effects are shafts, couplings and foundations. In addition to affecting the threshold of stability, the nonlinear effects can cause jump phenomena to occur at not only the critical speeds, but also at stability onset or restabilization speeds.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The electron emitting capabilities of Spindt-type field emitting cathodes (FEC) are being studied at the Lewis Research Center, NASA. These cathodes, having 5000 emitting points in a 1 mm diameter, have been shown to be capable of emission current densities of 10 A/sq cm and higher. The purposes of this study are to (1) demonstrate that the cathodes can be processed and used in a tube-type configuration, (2) determine whether, at a sufficiently high current density, the cathode can operate in the space charge mode, and (3) evaluate failure mechanisms in this unique type of electron emitter. FEC's have been tested in a diode configuration, by the use of pulse techniques, up to current densities of 6 A/sq cm and anode potentials of 3000 V. Space charge effects have been observed in the range of 5 A/sq cm as an apparent linear increase of cathode current with anode voltage for a constant emitter-gate potential. Failed cathodes were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy and the major failure modes encountered are attributed to gas evolution, followed by arcing, which destroys either individual emitters or a large segment of the cathode area.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Applications of Surface Science (ISSN 0378-5963); 16; 277-291
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A new concept of using a tapped output-filter inductor and an auxiliary commutating diode to reduce the likelihood of transformer core saturation in a push-pull, voltage-fed converter is presented. The linearized circuit model and transfer functions are derived with a hybrid approach using both state-space and circuit averaging. Operation of the new converter - including parasitic effects - is discussed, and a design equation for inductor tap ratio is established. It is predicted and experimentally confirmed that the new converter has more symmetrical transformer core operation, and the potential exits for lower transistor turnon current and reduced transistor voltage stress. These benefits reduce switching loss and enhance transistor reliability.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The paper addresses the potential that ceramic materials can play an important role in future automotive powerplants - both advanced heat engines and advanced battery systems. A number of related experimental programs are reviewed including ceramics for gasoline and diesel piston engines, gas turbine and Stirling Engines and sodium-sulfur batteries. A strong integrated program to develop ceramics technology is recommended.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A 110-118-GHz receiver based on a superconducting quasiparticle tunnel junction mixer is described. The single-sideband noise temperature is as low as 68 + or - 3 K. This is nearly twice the sensitivity of any other receiver at this frequency. The receiver was designed using a low-frequency scale model in conjunction with the quantum mixer theory. A scaled version of the receiver for operation at 46 GHz has a single-sideband noise temperature of 55 K. The factors leading to the success of this design are discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Applied Physics Letters (ISSN 0003-6951); 43; 786-788
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: An analysis was conducted for into mesh oil jet lubrication with an arbitrary offset and inclination angle from the pitch point for the case where the oil jet velocity is equal to or less than pitch line velocity. The analysis includes the case for the oil jet offset from the pitch point in the direction of the pinion and where the oil jet is inclined to intersect the common pitch point. Equations were developed for the minimum oil jet velocity required to impinge on the pinion or gear and the optimum oil jet velocity to obtain the maximum impingement depth.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: ASME; 713-718
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: In the Advanced Adiabatic Development program, the following technology were identified as critical: piston development for oil-less, adiabatic engine; positive displacement compounding and charge system; experimental evaluation of the preheat concept; combustion system with positive ignition assist; and ceramic manufacturing technology. Of these five areas, ceramic manufacturing technology is the pacing item, and is already being addressed by several organizations. Therefore the four remaining areas need immediate attention. Since the lead time involved in engine development and production is long, this technology development should be done concurrently with the AAD engine development. A four year program is outlined which will simultaneously study these first four areas. This program requires two test rigs; one single cylinder adiabatic engine; and one multicylinder adiabatic turbocompound engine.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program; 7 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A critique of the various characteristics of engine design influencing noise and attempts to indicator areas where attention is required to obtain noise acceptable engine for automobiles are discussed. It was concluded that the engine has a potential to be quiet beccause a ion rated speed is chosen. Problems with high gas pressure, the fuel injection pump, and the expander/compressor are discussed.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Cummins Engine Co., Inc. Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program; 29 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: Preliminary selection and sizing of a positive displacement screw compressor-expander subsystem for a light-duty adiabatic diesel engine; development of a mathematical model to describe overall efficiencies for the screw compressor and expander; simulation of operation to establish overall efficiency for a range of design parameters and at given engine operating points; simulation to establish potential net power output at light-duty diesel operating points; analytical determination of mass moments of inertia for the rotors and inertia of the compressor-expander subsystem; and preparation of engineering layout drawings of the compressor and expander are discussed. As a result of this work, it was concluded that the screw compressor and expander designed for light-duty diesel engine applications are viable alternatives to turbo-compound systems, with acceptable efficiencies for both units, and only a moderate effect on the transient response.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Cummins Engine Co., Inc. Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program; 46 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The proposed design for the light duty diesel is an in-line four cylinder spark assisted diesel engine mounted transversely in the front of the vehicle. The engine has a one piece cylinder head, with one intake valve and one exhaust valve per cylinder. A flat topped piston is used with a cylindrical combustion chamber recessed into the cylinder head directly under the exhaust valve. A single ceramic insert is cast into the cylinder head to insulate both the combustion chamber and the exhaust port. A similar ceramic insert is cast into the head to insulate the intake port. A ceramic faceplate is pressed into the combustion face of the head to insulate the face of the head from hot combustion gas. The valve seats are machined directly into the ceramic faceplate for the intake valve and into the ceramic exhaust pot insert for the exhaust valve. Additional ceramic applications in the head are the use of ceramic valve guides and ceramic insulated valves. The ceramic valve guides are press fit into the head and are used for increased wear resistance. The ceramic insulated valves are conventional valves with the valve faces plasma spray coated with ceramic for insulation.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program; 65 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A conceptual study of an advanced automotive diesel engine is discussed. The engine concept selected for vehicle installation was a supercharged 1.4 liter, 4 cylinder spark assisted diesel of 14:1 compression ratio. A compounding unit consisting of a Lysholm compressor and expander is connected to the engine crankshaft by a belt drive. The inlet air charge is heated by the expander exhaust gas via a heat exchanger. Four levels of technology achievement on the selected engine concept were evaluated, from state-of-the-art to the ideal case. This resulted in the fuel economy increasing from 53.2 mpg to 81.7 mpg, and the 0-60 mph time decreasing from 17.6 seconds to 10.9 seconds.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Cummins Engine Co., Inc. Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program; 18 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The introduction of ceramics to those parts suffering high thermal loading was successfully demonstrated, and there is no question that the 100 kw (134 hp) naturally aspirated engine of the future will be developed to produce up to 300 kw (402 hp) by the application of turbocharging or its equivalent. However, at the 60 - 80 kw (80 - 107 hp) size needed for the economic automotive engine, scaling down the 300 kw (402 hp) is beset by the laws of scale. The conventional four stroke diesel was not shown to be successful at the small high speed engine size. The opposed piston two stroke engine does not suffer the same laws of scale and engines in the low power range have already been marketed successfully. The half liter/cylinder Armstrong Whitworth Swing Beam Engine is the latest to be designed with the automotive market in mind. Its low noise structure and balanced linkage system coupled with advantages for easy start and potential use of low grade fuels, derived from its variable compression ratio and slow piston motion, qualifies it for the application.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Cummins Engine Co., Inc. Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program; 3 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: An analysis of the frictional behavior of a roller crosshead configuration is given. This configuration consists of a piston which carries at the wristpin position a roller of large diameter which can roll on the cylinder liner surfaces. A preliminary assessment is given of whether the roller can roll on the cylinder liner without skidding, and what, if any, are the tribological implications of this approach to a dry lubricated design. The rotational speed of the roller must change during the stroke if it is not to slip on the cylinder liner. The maximum value of angular acceleration occurs at top dead center and bottom dead center. If the traction force on the rim of the roller, which is the product of the normal force due to piston side load and the coefficient of friction, is not sufficient to drive the roller through the necessary angular acceleration, sliding will occur. At 1,000 rpm, it appears that there will be a definite area of slip near each end of the stroke. The length of the area of slip may be of the order of 1/8 inch at each of these points.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program; 9 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: The objectives of this analytical study were: to select one advanced automotive diesel engine (AAD) concept which would increase the tank mileage of a 3,000 pound passenger car from the present 35 mpg to at least 52 mpg; to identify long term component research and development work required to bring the selected concept to fruition; and to prepare a development strategy that will bring the selected concept to a prototype testing phase. Cummins Engine Company has completed this study. The selected concept is a 4 stroke cycle, direct injection, spark assisted, advanced adiabatic diesel engine with positive displacement compounding plus expander and part load air preheating. The engine does not use a liquid coolant nor liquid lubricants. It is a 4 cylinder, in-line, 77 mm bore x 77 mm stroke, 1.434 liters displacement engine weighing 300 lb, and rated at 70 BHP at 3000 rpm. Installation dimensions are 621 mm length x 589 mm width x 479 mm height (24.4 inch x 22 inch x 18.9 inch).
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program p; 59 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: New concepts for engine performance improvement are seen through the adoption of heat regeneration techniques; advanced methods to enhance the combustion; and higher efficiency air handling machinery, such as the positive displacement helical screw expander and compressor. Each of these concepts plays a particular role in engine performance improvement. First regeneration has a great potential for achieving higher engine thermal efficiency through the recovery of waste energy. Although the concept itself is not new (this technique is used in the gas turbine), the application to reciprocating internal combustion engines is quite unusual and presents conceptual difficulties. The second important area is better control of the combustion process in terms of heat transfer characteristics, combustion products, and heat release rate. The third area for performance improvement is in the adoption of high efficiency air handling machinery. In particular, positive displacement helical expander and compressor exhibit an extremely high efficiency over a wide range of operating conditions.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Advan. Automotive Diesel Assessment Program; 46 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Improved component technology is described. This includes electronically commutated permanent magnet motors of both drum and disk configurations, an unconventional brush commutated motor, ac induction motors, various controllers, transmissions and complete systems. One or more of these approaches to electric vehicle propulsion may eventually displace presently used controllers and brush commutated dc motors. Previously announced in STAR as N83-25982
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Topics discussed include radiation effects in devices; the basic mechanisms of radiation effects in structures and materials; radiation effects in integrated circuits; spacecraft charging and space radiation effects; hardness assurance for devices and systems; and radiation transport, energy deposition and charge collection. Papers are presented on the mechanisms of small instabilities in irradiated MOS transistors, on the radiation effects on oxynitride gate dielectrics, on the discharge characteristics of a simulated solar cell array, and on latchup in CMOS devices from heavy ions. Attention is also given to proton upsets in orbit, to the modeling of single-event upset in bipolar integrated circuits, to high-resolution studies of the electrical breakdown of soil, and to a finite-difference solution of Maxwell's equations in generalized nonorthogonal coordinates.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: (ISSN 0018-9499)
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The data summarized describe single event upset (bit-flips) for 60 device types having data storage elements. The data are from 15 acceleration tests with both protons and heavier ions. Tables are included summarizing the upset threshold data and listing the devices tested for heavy ion induced bit-flip and the devices tested with protons. With regard to the proton data, it is noted that the data are often limited to one proton energy, since the tests were usually motivated by the engineering requirement of comparing similar candidate devices for a system. It is noted that many of the devices exhibited no upset for the given test conditions (the maximum fluence and the maximum proton energy Ep are given for these cases). It is believed, however, that some possibility of upset usually exists because there is a slight chance that the recoil atom may receive up to 10 to 20 MeV of recoil energy (with more energy at higher Ep).
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-30; 4520-452
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: This paper reports on the recovery properties of rad-hard MOS devices during and after irradiation by electrons, protons, alphas, and gamma rays. The results indicated that complex recovery properties controlled the damage sensitivities of the tested parts. The results also indicated that damage sensitivities depended on dose rate, total dose, supply bias, gate bias, transistor type, radiation source, and particle energy. The complex nature of these dependencies make interpretation of LSI device performance in space (exposure to entire electron and proton spectra) difficult, if not impossible, without respective ground tests and analyses. Complete recovery of n-channel shifts was observed, in some cases within hours after irradiation, with equilibrium values of threshold voltages greater than their pre-irradiation values. This effect depended on total dose, radiation source, and gate bias during exposure. In contrast, the p-channel shifts recovered only 20 percent within 30 days after irradiation.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-30; 4157-416
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A systematic way to choose control design parameters and to evaluate performance for large space antennas is presented. The structural dynamics and control properties for a Hoop and Column Antenna and a Wrap-Rib Antenna are characterized. Some results of the effects of model parameter uncertainties to the stability, surface accuracy, and pointing errors are presented. Critical dynamics and control problems for these antenna configurations are identified and potential solutions are discussed. It was concluded that structural uncertainties and model error can cause serious performance deterioration and can even destabilize the controllers. For the hoop and column antenna, large hoop and long meat and the lack of stiffness between the two substructures result in low structural frequencies. Performance can be improved if this design can be strengthened. The two-site control system is more robust than either single-site control systems for the hoop and column antenna.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Proc. of the Workshop on Appl. of Distributed System Theory to the Control of Large Space Struct.; p 225-247
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The properties of individual injection lasers are reviewed, and devices of greater complexity are described. These either include or are relevant to monolithic integration configurations of the lasers with their electronic driving circuitry, power combining methods of semiconductor lasers, and electronic methods of steering the radiation patterns of semiconductor lasers and laser arrays. The potential of AlGaAs laser technology for free-space optical communications systems is demonstrated. These solid-state components, which can generate and modulate light, combine the power of a number of sources and perform at least part of the beam pointing functions. Methods are proposed for overcoming the main drawback of semiconductor lasers, that is, their inability to emit the needed amount of optical power in a single-mode operation.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Communications Magazine (ISSN 0163-6804); 21; Sept
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A small-scale explosive seam welding process has been developed that can significantly contribute to remote metal joining operations under hazardous or inaccessible conditions, such as nuclear reactor repair and assembly of structure in space. This paper describes this explosive seam welding process in terms of joining principles, variables, types of joints created, capabilities, and applications. Very small quantities of explosive in a ribbon configuration are used to create narrow (less than 0.5 inch), long-length, uniform, hermetically sealed joints that exhibit parent metal properties in a wide variety of metals, alloys, and combinations. The practicality of this process has been demonstrated by its current acceptance, as well as its capabilities that are superior in many applications to the universally accepted joining processes, such as mechanical fasteners, fusion and resistance welding, and adhesives. Previously announced in STAR as N83-24896
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: (ISSN 0025-6501)
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A three stage IMPATT diode amplifier capable of a 16 W CW output and a 2 dB bandwidth of 117 MHz was developed. On the component side, high performance circulators with a 0.2 dB insertion loss and bandwidth of 5 GHz were fabricated. State of the art GaAs IMPATT diodes incorporating diamond heat sink and double Read doping profile were also developed. The diodes are capable of a 2.5 W CW output. A few diodes achieved power outputs as high as 3 W. On the circuit side, high gain (up to 12 dB per stage) single diode, multituned circuits capable of 2 GHz and 930 MHx bandwidth were developed as the first and second stages, respectively, of the amplifier. A 12 diode waveguide cavity combiner was developed as the output stage. The output stage utilized commercially available single drift GaAs IMPATT diodes.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: A 20-GHz IMPATT Tansmitter 1; 126 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: This paper reports on some investigations of dosimetry, annealing, irradiation sequences, and radioactive sources, involved in the determination of radiation effects on MOS devices. Results show that agreement in the experimental and theoretical surface to average doses support the use of thermo-luminescent dosimeters (manganese activated calcium fluoride) in specifying the surface dose delivered to thin gate insulators of MOS devices. Annealing measurements indicate the existence of at least two energy levels,,s or a activation energies, for recovery of soft oxide MOS devices after irradiation by electrons, protons, and gammas. Damage sensitivities of MOS devices were found to be independent of combinations and sequences of radiation type or energies. Comparison of various gamma sources indicated a small dependence of damage sensitivity on the Cobalt facility, but a more significant dependence in the case of the Cesium source. These results were attributed to differences in the spectral content of the several sources.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science (ISSN 0018-9499); NS-30; June 198
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Some advantages of TWTs over SSDs are discussed. Wideband TWTs have been developed which can produce 20 W of RF power at 20 GHz with 40 percent efficiency, a figure three or four times that available from SSDs such as FETs. The basic performance of TWTs exceeds that of SSDs for any given bandwidth and frequency. SSDs are transit time limited, and their performance deteriorates fundamentally as the reciprocal of the square of the operating frequency. Power limits for SSDs have been reached or are quickly being approached. Free electron devices such as tubes have an efficiency advantage because electrons in the vacuum travel faster than bulk charges in SSDs. Combined SSD devices are prone to burnout and incur penalties due to the need to dissipate heat. TWTs have a 6.7:1 advantage in radiator area ratio. Recent progress in TWT technology has produced a tenfold increase in CW output power, doubled to quadrupled the efficiency, and pushed frequency ranges into the terahertz region, orders of magnitude beyond the SSD cutoff.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Microwaves & RF; 22; Mar. 198
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Publication Date: 2014-09-10
    Description: A necessary step in the design of a high accuracy microwave antenna system is to establish the signal error budget due to structural, pointing, and environmental parameters. A unified approach in performing error budget analysis as applicable to ground-based microwave antennas of different size and operating frequency is discussed. Major error sources contributing to the resultant deviation in antenna boresighting in pointing and tracking modes and the derivation of the governing equations are presented. Two computer programs (SAMCON and EBAP) were developed in-house, including the antenna servo-control program, as valuable tools in the error budget determination. A list of possible errors giving their relative contributions and levels is presented.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Telecommun. and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 40-59
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2014-09-11
    Description: Before discussing Deep Space Network receivers, a brief description of the functions of receivers and how they interface with other elements of the Network is presented. Different types of receivers are used in the Network for various purposes. The principal receiver type is used for telemetry and tracking. This receiver provides the capability, with other elements of the Network, to track the space probe utilizing Doppler and range measurements, and to receive telemetry, including both scientific data from the onboard experiments and engineering data pertaining to the health of the probe. Another type of receiver is used for radio science applications. This receiver measures phase perturbations on the carrier signal to obtain information on the composition of solar and planetary atmospheres and interplanetary space. A third type of receiver utilizes very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) techniques for both radio science and spacecraft navigation data. Only the telemetry receiver is described in detail in this document. The integration of the Receiver-Exciter subsystem with other portions of the Deep Space Network is described.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Deep Space Network: A Radio Commun. Instr. for Deep Space Exploration; 26 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  CASI
    Publication Date: 2014-09-11
    Description: One of the great technical challenges facing the Deep Space Network is receiving signals from a severely weight limited spacecraft hundreds of thousands to billions of kilometers from Earth. This weight limitation has always imposed strict limitations on the size of the spacecraft antenna and the amount of transmitter power radiated. The communication burden is placed upon the ground systems of the Deep Space Network which must recover an extremely weak signal in the presence of nearly overwhelming amounts of noise. Two key parameters that determine the signal to noise ratio of a received signal using a deep space station are the collecting area and efficiency of the antenna, and the amount of noise which is generated in, as well as allowed to enter in, the antenna-mounted receiver. These parameters are used to describe the relative ability of a deep space station to receive weak signals. As spacecraft to Earth communication distances have increased, the Deep Space Network engages in a relentless effort to increase the figure of merit through larger and more efficient antennas, higher frequencies, and lower system noise temperature.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Deep Space Network: A Radio Commun. Instr. for Deep Space Exploration; 32 p
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Publication Date: 2014-09-10
    Description: Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are degraded by speckle. A multiplicative speckle noise model for SAR images is presented. Using this model, a Wiener filter is derived by minimizing the mean-squared error using the known speckle statistics. Implementation of the Wiener filter is discussed and experimental results are presented. Finally, possible improvements to this method are explored.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Texas A and M Univ. Proc. of the NASA Symp. on Math. Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis; p 295-310
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Publication Date: 2014-09-10
    Description: The probability density of the integrated output of a photomultiplier tube (PMT) is approximated by the Gaussian, Rayleigh, and Gamma probability densities. The accuracy of the approximations depends on the signal energy alpha: the Gamma distribution is accurate for all alpha, the Raleigh distribution is accurate for small alpha (approximate or less than 1 photon) and the Gaussian distribution is accurate for large alpha (approximate or greater than 10 photons).
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Telecommun. and Data Acquisition Rept.; p 36-39
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: An experimental gas turbine engine was destroyed as a result of the combustion of its titanium components. It was concluded that a severe surge may have caused interference between rotating and stationary compressor parts that either directly or indirectly ignited the titanium components. Several engine oil samples (before and after the failure) were analyzed with a Ferrograph, and with plasma, atomic absorption, and emission spectrometers to see if this information would aid in the engine failure diagnosis. The analyses indicated that a lubrication system failure was not a causative factor in the engine failure. Neither an abnormal wear mechanism nor a high level of wear debris was detected in the engine oil sample taken just prior to the test in which the failure occurred. However, low concentrations (0.2 to 0.5 ppm) of titanium were evident in this sample and samples taken earlier. After the failure, higher titanium concentrations (2 ppm) were detected in oil samples taken from different engine locations. Ferrographic analysis indicated that most of the titanium was contained in spherical metallic debris after the failure. The oil analyses eliminated a lubrication system bearing or shaft seal failure as the cause of the engine failure. Previously announced in STAR as N83-12433
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Wear (ISSN 0043-1648); 90; 239-249
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Metallic shells are fabricated for a size range from several millimeters down to less than 500 microns in diameter. The technology, developed at JPL, is based on the hollow-jet instability for the large-shell formation, and in addition, on the Bernoulli's force for the microbubble generation. Various materials were processed into hollow spheres, such as AL1100, tin, lead, and a metallic glass-forming alloy, AuPbSb. They exhibited a range of contrasting solidification behaviors and surface characteristics. Some of their potential applications will be explored in this paper.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: SAMPE Journal (ISSN 0091-1062); 19; 7-11
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Thermohydrodynamic effects in journal bearings operating under steady load in laminar regime are investigated. An analytical model for the finite and infinitely long journal bearings is formulated. The model includes correction factors for the cavitation effects in the unloaded region of the bearing and the mixing of the recirculating oil and supply oil at the oil inlet. A finite difference computer program is developed to numerically solve the governing equations of the continuity, Reynolds, energy, Laplace heat conduction, and a viscosity-temperature relation simultaneously. The program includes a numerical technique for obtaining an isothermal shaft temperature. The numerical results of temperature distribution and the heat effects on the bearing load carrying capacity agree closely with those of experimental findings. Several different sets of simpler boundary conditions for the energy equation are studied.
    Keywords: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Qualification testing for a Central Station Photovoltaic (PV) Facility depends to a great extent on the system design, (fixed versus tracking), and the level of data acquisition/control which is incorporated into the system. The basic elements which require qualification tests include: dc power production/collection; tracker conversion systems; ac utility interface; system level control; and data acquisition/reporting. The qualification tests from the Lungo (ARCO) 1 MW Facility which were completed in January 1983 are discussed. The philosophy and many of the procedures are applicable to any central station PV facility.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Proj. Res. Forum on the Design of Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Arrays for Central Sta.; p 283-299
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: ARCO Solar's experiences as a participant in an industry-utility-government environmental qualification team examining photovoltaic devices are discussed. Included is an assessment of the applicability, completeness and appropriateness of the testing procedures and of the acceptance criteria for megawatt-sized procurements for utilities. Like the stand-alone users, the utility industry is interested in obtaining low costs, but additional concerns exist related to reliability and durability, safety, grounding and overall system criteria including performance prediction (related to output power acceptance testing), power quality and dispatchability. For purposes of this first major purchase of photovoltaic modules and panels by the utility industry, there was a carry-over of the JPL specifications. The need exists for futher development, assessement, and selection of qualification and testing standards and evaluation criteria specifically addressing these additional concerns for utility-connected PV power-plant applications.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Proj. Res. Forum on the Design of Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Arrays for Central Sta.; p 277-281
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The experience gained in procuring solar modules soon to be installed on the Photovoltaic Higher Education National Exemplar Facility (PHENEF) at Georgetown University is discussed. The 300 KE Photovoltaic Array consists of 4464, 2' X 4', polycrystalline solar cell modules. The performance requirements for the modules are described in a detailed procurement specification which defines physical and electrical characteristics and extensive quality assurance provisions including requirements for an interface control drawing and qualification and acceptance testing.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Proj. Res. Forum on the Design of Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Arrays for Central Sta.; p 265-276
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: As part of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Project, 138 different module designs were subjected to qualification tests. Electrical measurements were subjected on well over a thousand modules representing more than 150 designs. From this experience, conclusions are drawn regarding results and problems, with discussion of the need for change or improvement. The qualification test sequence incuded application of environmental and electrical stresses to the module. With few exceptions, the tests have revealed defects necessitation of environmental and electrical stresses to the module. With few exceptions, the tests have revealed defects necessitating module design or process changes. However, the continued need for these tests may be questioned on the basis of technical and logistical factors. Technically, the current test sequence does not cover all design characteristics, does not include all field conditions and is not known to represent the desired 30-year module life. Logistically, the tests are time-consuming and costly, and there is a lack of, fully qualified independent test organizations. Alternatives to the current test program include simplification based on design specification and site environment, and/or the use of warranties or other commercial practices.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Proc. of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Proj. Res. Forum on the Design of Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Arrays for Central Sta.; p 257-264
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Factors applicable to fixed angle, large field and fixed angle, large building flat plate photovoltaic (PV) generator arrays are discussed in the context of standardization. It is concluded that structural interface standardization may be highly desirable in any one major project, but not at this time in the overall PV industry. Attempts to mandate such standardization will act as a deterrent to long-range improvements. In specific projects, structural standardization should be defined at the largest practical interface, leaving the maximum possible freedom to the module and array manufacturer. There is a corollary area, however, where detailed standards would benefit the industry; the matter of Standard Practices. Work being done towards definition of acceptable/desirable practices in materials, finishes, fastening and locking methods, grounding techniques, lightning protection, etc., and in handling the environmental ranges, should be continued.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: JPL Proc. of the Flat-Plate Solar Array Proj. Res. Forum on the Design of Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Arrays for Central Sta.; p 235-245
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...