ALBERT

All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Articles  (45,987)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (45,867)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • General Chemistry
  • hybridoma
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (37,316)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (8,671)
Collection
  • Articles  (45,987)
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 34 (2000), S. 131-139 
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: apoptosis ; bcl-xL ; cell growth ; cell viability ; hybridoma ; myeloma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract While the ectopic expression of the anti-apoptoticprotein Bcl-2 has been shown to significantly increaseboth cell viability and antibody production in batchculture, some cell lines are refractory to thesemanipulations. For example, the NS/O and theP3x63Ag8.653 murine myelomas, which express highendogenous levels of the Bcl-2 homologue Bcl-xL, areboth resistant to the anti-apoptotic effect of Bcl-2.This indicates that, in these cells, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xLmay be functionally redundant. In order to define therole which Bcl-xL plays in hybridoma cultures, we usedthe Sp2/0-Ag14 cell line. This murine hybridomaexpresses low levels of Bcl-xL and is highly sensitiveto apoptosis induction by cycloheximide (CHX) and byamino acid depletion. Bcl-xL-transfected Sp2/0-Ag14cells were more resistant than the wild type and theplasmid-containing cells to apoptosis induced by CHXand by glutamine depletion. Moreover, when compared tothe vector-transfected control, Bcl-xL-Sp2/0 cellsexhibited a substantial increase in viability instationary batch culture. Interestingly, Sp2/0-Ag14cells overexpressing Bcl-xL showed a growth behaviourthat was similar to the parent myeloma cell lineP3x63Ag8.653. Our results suggest that Bcl-xLexpression levels are sufficient to account for therelative robustness of some hybridoma cell lines instationary batch cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: glucose ; glutamine ; hybridoma ; nucleotides oxygen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of media concentrations of glucose andglutamine on the intracellular nucleotide pools andoxygen uptake rates of a murine antibody-secretinghybridoma cell line were investigated. Cells takenfrom mid-exponential phase of growth were incubated inmedium containing varying concentrations of glucose(0–25 mM) and glutamine (0–9 mM). The intracellularconcentrations of ATP, GTP, UTP and CTP, and theadenylate energy charge increased concomitantly withthe medium glucose concentration. The total adenylatenucleotide concentration did not change over a glucose concentration range of 1–25 mM but therelative levels of AMP, ADP and ATP changed as theenergy charge increased from 0.36 to 0.96. Themaximum oxygen uptake rate (OUR) was obtained in thepresence of 0.1–1 mM glucose. However at glucoseconcentrations 〉1 mM the OUR decreased suggestinga lower level of aerobic metabolism as a result of theCrabtree effect.A low concentration of glutamine (0.5 mM) caused asignificant increase (45–128%) in the ATP, GTP,CTP, UTP, UDP-GNac, and NAD pools and a doubling ofthe OUR compared to glutamine-free cultures. Theminimal concentration of glutamine also caused anincrease in the total adenylate pool indicating thatthe amino acid may stimulate thede novosynthesis of nucleotides. However, all nucleotidepools and the OUR remained unchanged within the rangeof 0.5–9 mM glutamine.Glucose was shown to be the major substrate forenergy metabolism. It was estimated that in thepresence of high concentrations of glucose (10–25 mM),glutamine provided the energy for the maintenance ofup to 28% of the intracellular ATP pool, whereas theremainder was provided by glucose metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: antibody production ; human monoclonal antibody ; hybridoma ; retinoic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The enhancement of human monoclonal antibody production by retinoic acid (RA) was evaluated usingthe human-human hybridoma cell line BD9 underserum-free culture condition. The amount of humanIgG secreted by BD9 hybriodmas was enhanced abouteight-fold by treatment with 10-7 M of RA for 4days. Northern blot analysis showed that both mRNAlevels of the IgG light and heavy chains were markedlyincreased by RA when compared with control without RAtreatment. On the other hand, it was found thatcontinuous treatment of cells with RA was not alwaysrequired to exhibit the enhancing effect, suggestingthat RA may act as a trigger for IgG gene expression. The comparison between extra- and intracellular IgGamounts by immunoblot analysis suggests that thesecretion rate of IgG may be accelerated by RAtreatment. These results suggest that RA may be aneffective culture additive for efficient production ofhuman monoclonal antibody using human-humanhybridomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: hybridoma ; glutamate ; cystine ; transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Glutamic acid was found to be growth inhibitory to a murinelymphocyte hybridoma in a concentration-dependent manner from 3to 12 mM glutamate. At 12 mM glutamate there was a 70% decreasein the specific growth rate of the cells. Attempts to alleviateinhibition or adapt cells to growth in glutamate-based mediawere unsuccessful. It is proposed that elevated glutamate levelsimpair adequate uptake of cystine, a critical amino acid for thesynthesis of glutathione. Glutathione is required by cells toprevent intracellular oxidative stress. The measured rate ofuptake of U-14C L-cystine into the cells was found to havethe following parameters: Km = 0.87 mM, Vmax = 0.9nmole/mg cell protein per min. The uptake was sodiumindependent and resembled the previously described x- ctransport system, with elevated glutamate levels causingextensive inhibition. Glutamate at a concentration of 1.4 mMcaused a 50% decrease in cystine uptake from the serum-freegrowth medium. Glutamate was taken up from the external medium(Km = 20 mM and Vmax = 12.5 nmole/mg cell protein permin) by the same transport system in a stereo specific, sodiumindependent manner. Of the amino acids examined, it was foundthat cystine and homocysteic acid were the most extensiveinhibitors of glutamate uptake and that inhibition was competitive. Metabolic profiles of the cells grown in culturescontaining enhanced glutamate levels revealed an overallincrease in net production of alanine, serine, asparagine andaspartate. A substantially increased specific consumption ofglutamate was accompanied by a decreased consumption of cystine,valine and phenylalanine.The combined kinetic and metabolic results indicate thatglutamate and cystine are taken up by the anionic transportsystem x- c. The increasing levels of glutamate in themedium result in a decreased transport of cystine by this systemdue to competitive inhibition by glutamate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: fed batch ; hybridoma ; macromolecular composition ; monoclonal antibody ; substrate limitation ; target specific growth rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Batch and fed-batch cultures of a murine hybridomacell line (AFP-27) were performed in a stirred tankreactor to estimate the effect of feed rate on growthrate, macromolecular metabolism and antibodyproduction. Macromolecular composition was foundto change dynamically during batch culture ofhybridoma cells possibly due to active production ofDNA, RNA and protein during the exponential phase.Antibody synthesis is expected to compete with theproduction of cellular proteins from the amino acidpool. Therefore, it is necessary to examine therelationship between cell growth in terms of cellularmacromolecules and antibody production. In this study,we searched for an optimum feeding strategy bychanging the target specific growth rate in fed-batchculture to give higher antibody productivity whileexamining the macromolecular composition. Concentratedglucose (60 mM) and glutamine (20 mM) in DR medium(1:1 mixture of DMEM and RPMI) with additional aminoacids were fed continuously to the culture and thefeed rate was updated after every sampling to ensureexponential feeding (or approximately constantspecific growth rate). Specific antibody productionrate was found to be significantly increased in thefed-batch cultures at the near-zero specific growthrate in which the productions of cellular DNA, RNA,protein and polysaccharide were strictly limited byslow feeding of glucose, glutamine and other nutrients. Possible implications of these results are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: cell culture ; hollow fiber bioreactor ; hybridoma ; micro bioreactor ; optimization ; T-flask
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this article, cell growth in a novel micro hollow fiberbioreactor was compared to that in a T-flask and theAcuSyst-Maximizer®, a large scale industrial hollowfiber bioreactor system. In T-flasks, there was relativelylittle difference in the growth rates of one murine hybridomacultured in three different media and for three other murinehybridomas cultured in one medium. However, substantialdifferences were seen in the growth rates of cells in themicro bioreactor under these same conditions. These differencecorrelated well with the corresponding rates of initial cellexpansion in the Maximizer. Quantitative prediction of thesteady-state antibody production rate in the Maximizer was moreproblematic. However, conditions which lead to faster initialcell growth and higher viable cell densities in the microbioreactor correlated with better performance of a cell line inthe Maximizer. These results demonstrate that the microbioreactor is more useful than a T-flask for determining optimalconditions for cell growth in a large scale hollow fiberbioreactor system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: apoptosis ; Bcl-2 ; fixed-bed ; hollow fibre ; hybridoma ; perfusion ; protein-free medium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Apoptosis is an active, genetically determined death mechanism which can be induced by a wide range of physiological factors and by mild stress. It is the predominant form of cell death during the production of antibodies from murine hybridoma cell lines. A number of studies have now demonstrated that the suppression of this death pathway, by means of over-expression of survival genes such as bcl-2, results in improved cellular robustness and antibody productivity during batch culture. In the present study, the influence of bcl-2 expression on hybridoma productivity in two high density perfusion bioreactor systems was investigated. In the first system, a fixed-bed reactor, the DNA content in the spent medium was 25% higher in the control (TB/C3-pEF) culture than that found in the bcl-2 transfected (TB/C3-bcl2) cultures at all perfusion rates. This is indicative of a higher level of cell death in the control cell line. The average antibody concentration for the TB/C3-pEF cell line was 14.9 mg L-1 at perfusion rates of 2.6 and 5.2 d-1. However, for the TB/C3-bcl2 cell line it was 33 mg L-1 at dilution rates of 2 and 4 d-1. A substantial increase in antibody concentration was also found in the Integra Tecnomouse hollow fibre reactor. The antibody titre in the TB/C3-bcl2 cassette was nearly 100% higher than that in the TB/C3-pEF cassette during the cultivation period which lasted 6 weeks. Clearly, these results demonstrate the positive impact of bcl-2 over-expression on production of antibody in hybridoma perfusion cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: batch culture ; conditioned medium ; growth ; hybridoma ; inoculum ; protein productivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Apart from gas concentrations, temperature, and pH, generally only the initial conditions can be manipulated in batch culture. Inoculum size and initial conditioned medium concentration represent two important considerations for optimal batch production. Two hybridoma cell lines were used to assess the impact of these initial conditions on population growth and monoclonal antibody productivity in suspension batch culture. Varying initial cell concentration over the range of 1.0 × 105 cells mL-1 to 3.0 × 105 cells mL-1 did not affect maximum product titre or maximum volumetric cell-hours attained. Initial percent of conditioned medium up to 40 percent strongly impacted on population growth and productivity, with initial levels of 30 to 40% conditioned medium reducing or eliminating lag phase and increasing average viable cell density. However, specific productivity and product titre declined with increasing initial percent conditioned medium, even on a per volume of fresh medium basis. Glutamine and glucose depletion or ammonia toxicity could cause depressed product titres when conditioned medium is used. Glutamine and glucose levels can easily be replenished in conditioned medium at minimal cost, and ammonia can be removed. Specific productivity was higher during cyclic batch operating mode than during batch operating mode. This may be because cyclic batch operating mode results in an incidental volume of conditioned medium at the beginning of each cycle. A two stage, cyclic-batch/batch operating mode can be employed to fully utilize medium and maximize product titre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: antibody productivity ; apoptosis ; BAG-1 ; Bcl-2 ; cell survival ; hybridoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Human bcl-2 and bag-1 DNA were introduced into mouse hybridoma 2E3- O cells and expressed. The expression of bcl-2 in BCMGneo-bcl2 transfectants was confirmed by ELISA and that of bag-1 in pZeo-bag1 was confirmed by western blotting. In batch cultures, the over-expression of bcl-2 prolonged the culture period by 2 days and co-expression of bcl-2 and bag-1 prolonged the culture period by 3 days. The delayed increase in the dead cell number in culture of the bcl-2 and bag-1 cotransfectant indicated the additional antiapoptosis effect of bcl-2 and bag-1 cotransfection in comparison with the bcl-2 only transfection. The bcl-2 transfectants (2E3O-Bcl2) produced antibody twofold per batch culture in comparison with 2E3-O cells transfected with BCMGSneo (2E3O-Mock). Enhancement of this MoAb production was due to the improved survival of the cells and was not due to stimulation of antibody production rate per cell by Bcl-2 expression. And the bcl-2 and bag-1 co-transfectant (2E3O-Bcl2-BAG1) produced antibody approximately fourfold of 2E3O-Mock per batch culture. Enhancement of this MoAb production was due to the improved survival of the cells and was partly due to stimulation of MoAb production rate per cell in the non-growing phase by the cotransfection. The method to engineer hybridoma cells genetically with bcl-2 and bag-1 for increasing viability and productivity would be widely applied for improving antibody productivity of hybridoma cultures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 30 (1999), S. 27-36 
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: agitation ; fatty acids ; hybridoma ; linoleic acid ; lipid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The murine hybridoma (CC9C10) was subjected to high shear rates in a spinner flask to determine the effect of various culture additives on cell survival. At 500 rpm, the half-life of the viable cell concentration in a low protein serum-free medium was 50 min. Both bovine serum albumin and Pluronic F-68 had a significant effect in protecting cells under these conditions. The effects of the two supplements were additive, so that in the presence of both supplements there was minimal cell damage at 500 rpm. The survival rate of cells grown in media supplemented with linoleic acid improved significantly under high stirring rates. Cells grown for one passage in 50 μM linoleic acid and stirred at 500 rpm had a significantly higher survival rate than control cells. For cells grown over 5 passages in 25 μM linoleic acid, the survival rate at 470 rpm was ×3 greater than that determined for control cells. This difference gradually decreased at higher stirring rates up to 610 rpm when the half-life of the viable cell population was reduced to ∼10 min. Supplementation of cultures with linoleic acid has previously been shown to result in incorporation into all three cellular lipid fractions - polar, non-polar and free fatty acid (Butler et al., 1997). Our explanation for the increased survivability of the cells at high agitation rates in the presence of linoleic acid is that the structural lipid components of the cell including the outer membrane attained a higher unsaturated/saturated ratio which was more robust than that of control cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: antibody production ; human monoclonalantibody ; hybridoma ; lung cancer ; vitamin A acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The antibody productivity of the human–human hybridoma cell line AE6, which produces the lung cancer specific human monoclonal antibody AE6F4, was enhanced fourfold upon stimulation with 1 μg/ml of vitamin A acetate for one day. The enhancement lasted for about two weeks, and could be repeated by another stimulation with vitamin A acetate. The enhancing effect of vitamin A acetate was influenced by the cell density. Enhancement was clearly observed when the cell density was under 106 cells/ml. However, when the cell density was over 107 cells/ml, enhancement was observed weakly or not at all. Although the enhancing effect of vitamin A acetate is not unique to AE6 cells, not all human–human hybridoma cell lines show increased productivity upon VA acetate stimulation. This study suggests that the response to vitamin A acetate may be related to the properties of a particular fusion partner which the hybridoma cell inherits. The efficacy of vitamin A acetate for production of human monoclonal antibodies using human–human hybridomas is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: adaptation ; antibody production rate ; hybridoma ; intracellular amino acids ; osmotic pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The time length required for the adaptation of AFP-27 hybridoma cells to high osmotic pressure and the effect of a gradual increase of osmotic pressure on monoclonal antibody production were investigated. When the cells were subjected to an increase of osmotic pressure from 300 mOsmol kg-1 to 366 mOsmol kg- 1, the intracellular content of osmoprotective free amino acids reached a maximum level 6 h after the osmotic pressure was increased to 366 mOsmol kg-1. The same time period of 6 h incubation at 366 mOsmol kg-1 was required to obtain a high growth rate of AFP-27 cells at 440 mOsmol kg-1 when the cells were subjected to a two-step increase of osmotic pressure from 300 mOsmol kg-1 to 366 mOsmol kg-1 and then to 440 mOsmol kg-1. The time length for the physiological adaptation of the cells to 366 mOsmol kg-1 was consequently estimated to be 6 h. Osmotic pressure during batch cultivation was gradually increased from 300 mOsmol kg-1 to 400 mOsmol kg-1 with an adaptation time of at least 6 h. The specific growth rates following a gradual increase of osmotic pressure were higher than those at a constant osmotic pressure of 400 mOsmol kg-1, while the specific monoclonal antibody production rate increased with the increase in the mean osmotic pressure. As a result, the cells grown under a gradual increase of osmotic pressure produced higher amounts of monoclonal antibodies than did those grown under constant osmotic pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 26 (1998), S. 139-152 
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: batch kinetics ; cell cycle ; cell-hours ; hybridoma ; population parameters ; productivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Several methods exist for assessing population growth and protein productivity in mammalian cell culture. These methods were critically examined here, based on experiments with two hybridoma cell lines. It is shown that mammalian cell culture parameters must be evaluated on the same basis. In batch culture mode most data is obtained on a cumulative basis (protein product titre, substrate concentration, metabolic byproduct concentration). A simple numerical integration technique can be employed to convert cell concentration data to a cumulative basis (cell-hours). The hybridoma lines used in this study included a nutritionally non-fastidious line producing low levels of MAb and a nutritionally fastidious hybridoma with high productivity. In both cases the cell-hour approach was the most appropriate means of expressing the relationship between protein productivity and cell population dynamics. The cell-hour approach could be used as the basis for all metabolic population parameter evaluations. This method has the potential to be used successfully for both prediction and optimization purposes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: acyclic nucleoside phosphonate ; cell cycle ; hybridoma ; specific MAb production rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The nucleotide analogue 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]guanine (PMEG) has been identified as a powerful antiproliferative substance when acting on hybridoma cells. In the range of 10 nM to 100 nM concentrations this agent reduces cell growth rate, while its apoptosis-inducing activity is marginal. Marked induction of apoptosis can be observed at micromolar and higher order concentrations. In PMEG-supplemented media the cell cycle progression is perturbed, the flow-cytometric DNA profile shows a higher proportion of cells in the S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. Concomitantly with the reduction of the growth rate, the specific monoclonal antibody production rate may rise by 20–27%. Addition of PMEG at the end of the exponential phase of a batch culture results in an enhancement of the final monoclonal antibody concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: apoptosis ; bcl-2 ; cell death ; hybridoma ; osmolarity ; pH ; shear ; stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract It has been demonstrated that the cell lines used for production of biopharmaceuticals are highly susceptible to apoptosis, and that over-expression of the bcl-2 oncogene can protect cells from death. Stress associated with the deprivation of nutrients has been shown to be the main cause of apoptosis in culture. We have extended these studies by investigating the mechanism of cell death under conditions of sub-optimal pH, shear stress and hyperosmolarity, and the protective action of bcl-2 over-expression. At pH 6, there was no clear evidence of protection from cell death. However, at pH 8, the viability of the bcl-2 transfected cells was about 20% higher relative to the control cells. Cultivation of control cells in a flat bottomed bioreactor with a magnetic stirrer bar without a pivot ring resulted in exposure of the cells to a high attrition effect. As a result, cell growth was retarded and a high level of cell death by apoptosis was observed. Under the same conditions, the bcl-2 transfected cell line exhibited a nearly five fold increase in viable cell number. This finding indicates that under apoptosis-suppressed conditions, shear stress can stimulate cell growth. Batch cultivation of both control and bcl-2 transfected cells in 350 and 400 mOsm media resulted in suppression of cell growth, athough the effect was most marked in the control cell line. Adaptation of control cells to 400 mOsm proved to be impossible to achieve. However, the bcl-2 transfected cells exhibited resistance to the osmotic stress resulting in long term adaptation to a high salt environment. Specific productivity of bcl-2 transfected cells grown in high osmolarity medium was 100% higher than that produced by non- adapted bcl-2 transfected cells grown in normal osmolarity medium. These results demonstrate that bcl-2 has a beneficial effect on hybridoma cultivation under a wide range of culture stresses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: apoptosis ; Bcl-2 ; diluted medium ; hybridoma ; protein-free medium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Two transfected hybridoma cell lines TB/C3-bcl2 (overexpressing the Bcl-2 protein) and TB/C3-pEF (control cell line), were compared in batch suspension cultures using a medium supplemented either with horse serum or with a protein-free, iron-rich supplement. The membrane intact index (percentage of cells with intact membranes determined by trypan blue staining) of the TB/C3-bcl2 cell line decreased much slower than that of the control cell line during the dying phase of the cultures. No significant difference in antibody, lactate and ammonia production as well as glucose and glutamine consumption was noted in the exponential phase of the experiments. Both cell lines were also compared in batch experiments using media diluted with saline to further investigate the effect of Bcl-2 under sub-optimal conditions. The Bcl-2 overexpressing cell line again exhibited a higher membrane intact index at increasing dilution steps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: CHO ; dissolved oxygen (DO) ; essential amino acids ; hybridoma ; intracellular amino acids ; Monod constants (KS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of dissolved oxygen and the concentration of essential amino acids upon the metabolism of two mammalian cell lines (rCHO producing human active (t-PA) and a mouse-mouse hybridoma) were investigated in batch, chemostat, and perfusion cultures. Intracellular amino acid concentrations were measured for both cell lines during repeated batch cultures and the KS-values for the essential amino acids were calculated using Monod equations via computer simulation. The KS-values were in the range of 10 mmol L−1 and the pool of most intracellular amino acids remained constant at about 10–100 fold higher in concentration than in the medium. No significant differences were observed between the hybridoma and CHO cell. The specific nutrient uptake rates corresponded with the cell specific growth rate and the effects of reduced dissolved oxygen concentrations only became evident when the DO dropped below 5% of air saturation (critical concentration below 1%). Nevertheless, a correlation between nutrient concentration and specific oxygen uptake was detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 153-153 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A21 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 51-56 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Application of Wear Resistant PACVD-Coatings in Aluminium Diecasting under Economical and Ecological AspectsAluminium pressure diecasting is a frequently applied manufacturing process for the near netshape production of precision parts. State of the art production techniques still demand considerable amounts of die lubricants. But the side effects of these lubricants include a decrease in surface quality of the cast part as well as a prolongation of the casting cycle time. The job quality decreases and the waste and exhaust disposal during production and application of lubricants is ecologically risky. In this study different wear resistant coating systems have been developed in order to minimize the use of die lubricants in the casting process while at the same time increasing the service life of the diecasting tools.Nitrides, carbides and borides of titanium were synthesized by means of DC-pulse-PACVD. The influence of the process parameters gas composition, pressure, voltage and pulse/pulse repetition ratio was investigated. Compositional analysis was performed by analytical methods such as XRD, EDS, WDS and SIMS. Hardness, adhesion and friction behaviour of the layers were determined in order to describe their mechanical properties. The wetting angle was determined and the corrosion resistance was evaluated in dip tests in aluminium melt. A selection of the best coatings was then compared in diecasting praxis tests under tightened-up conditions reducing the amount of lubricants.TiN, Ti(B,N), TiC and multilayers of the system Ti-C-N were deposited exhibiting a wide range of stoichiometry. The coatings reached hardness values of up to 4400 HK0.005 and the friction coefficient μ was in the range of 0.3. In the diecasting praxis test the amount of die lubricant could be reduced by 97%. Under most severe conditions all layer types led to a minimum increase in the lifetime of the tool of factor 60 compared to an untreated dummy. A strong dependence on the layer type and on its stoichiometry could be observed. Ti(B,N) as the most successful coating in this study has not yet shown any sign of failure and already achieved an increase in lifetime of 300 times.
    Notes: Der heutige Stand der Technik in Aluminiumdruckguß erfordert den Einsatz von Formtrennmitteln. Zu deren Nebenwirkungen gehört aber eine Verschlechterung der Oberflächenqualität des Gußteils. Formtrennmittel beeinträchtigen die Arbeitsplatzqualität und sind unter ökologischen Gesichtspunkten als bedenklich zu betrachten. Um den Einsatz von Trennmitteln zu vermeiden und gleichzeitig die Standzeit der Druckgußwerkzeuge zu erhöhen, wurden nitridische, karbidische und boridische Schichten auf Titanbasis mittels DC-Plus-PACVD abgeschieden und im Hinblick auf ihren Einsatz im Aluminiumdruckguß optimiert. Durch die Beschichtung konnte bei gleichzeitiger Steigerung der Qualität der abgegossenen Teile die notwendige Trennmittelmenge um 97% reduziert werden. Die Standzeit der beschichteten Druckgußkerne im Vergleich zu unbeschichteten erhöhte sich durch die Beschichtung um über das 300-fache.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 77-79 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Über die Sinterung mit festen EinlagerungenDas Sintern von porösen Matrixwerkstoffen mit steifen, im speziellen nicht verdichtenden Einlagerungsphasen wird mit Hilfe des sphärischen Verbundwerkstoff-Modells von Scherer diskutiert. Ein neuer Zusammenhang zur Berechnung der Verdichtungsdichte des Verbundwerkstoffs unter Berücksichtigung der durch die nicht-verdichtenden Einlagerungen hervorgerufenen Eigenspannungen, wird vorgeschlagen. Drei Komponenten der Dehnungsrate werden betrachtet: (i) die freie, von den vorhandenen Spannungen unabhängige Verdichtungs-Dehnungsrate, (ii) die sich aus den mikroskopischen Spannungseffekten bei den Sintermechanismen ergebende Dehnungsrate und (iii) die aus der Spannung resultierende makroskopische Dehnungsrate. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass bei steifen Einlagerungen höhere innere Spannungen entstehen, als mit dem originalen Modell von Scherer berechnet.
    Notes: The sintering of porous matrices containing rigid, i.e. non-densifying, inclusions is discussed on the basis of the composite sphere model of Scherer. Recognizing that internal stresses are generated by the presence of the non-densifying inclusions, a new equation for the densification rate of the composite is proposed. It takes into account three contributions: (i) the free densification strain rate, which is independent of the stresses present, (ii) the strain rate due to the microscopic effect of the stresses on the sintering mechanism and (iii) the macroscopic deformation strain rate induced by the stresses. This result indicates that the presence of rigid inclusions may generate higher internal stresses in the densify ing compact than those calculated by the original Scherer's approach.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A38 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 97-130 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Valve Materials for Combustion EnginesAn overview is being given on production numbers, requirements and properties of valve materials. Their development from the beginning till today's state of the art is reviewed with a focus on Chromium-Manganese-Nitrogen-alloys. Valve materials are grouped by the criteria of density - heavy, lightweight - and alloying elements. The multiple stresses of the material in the valve are being met with a few standardised grades and specific ways of manufacture. The path of the material from bar stock to the finished valve is being followed. Engine development in the past decades increased the load on the valves which could be met by continuously developing their structural strength. Also the strength of all valve materials could be raised to nominal strength above 1100 Mpa by applying specific methods. Higher strength at the surface is being effectuated by work hardening effects. The technology to increase reliability of hollow valves and new aspects of valve seat facing including residual stress is explicitly discussed. General aspects of alloy utilisation is followed by a discussion of lightweight valve materials as Titanium alloys, intermetallic Titaniumaluminide alloys and ceramic materials, spec. Silicon Nitride, which all have a potential as forthcoming valve materials capable of reducing fuel consumption of the engines.
    Notes: Nach einem Überblick über Produktionszahlen, allgemeine Anforderungen und Eigenschaften von Ventilen für Verbrennungsmotoren, wird in einem Rückblick die Werkstoffentwicklung für die Ventilstähle von den ersten Anfängen bis zum heutigen Stand aufgezeigt. Schwerpunktmäßig wird die Gruppe der Chrom-Mangan-Stickstoff-Stähle behandelt. Daneben werden die Ventilwerkstoffe geordnet nach schweren und leichten und innerhalb dieser Gruppen nach Legierungsmerkmalen beschrieben. Es wird über die vielfältigen Werkstoffanstrengungen am Ventil informiert, die mit wenigen genormten Werkstoffgüten und speziellen Fertigungsverfahren problemlos mit niedrigsten Fehlerraten beherrscht werden. Der Weg des Werkstoffes vom Halbzeug bis zum fertigen Ventil wird in allen Schritten verfolgt. Die in den letzten Dekaden forcierte Motorenentwicklung führte zu verschärften Betriebsbedingungen auch für die Ventile, die mit einer kontinuierlichen Weiterentwicklung bestehender Werkstoffgüten und Verbesserungen der Gestaltsfestigkeit der Ventile aufgefangen wurden. In diesem Zusammenhang werden spezielle Lösungen zur Festigkeitssteigerung aller Ventilwerkstoffe bis in den Bereich von über 1100 MPa erläutert, die nach bekannten metallkundlichen Gesetzen ermöglicht wurden. Als wesentliches Prinzip werden ortsabhängig, besonders an der Oberfläche, erhöhte Festigkeits- und Verschleißeigenschaften zur Optimierung der Gestalts- und Betriebsfestigkeit eingesetzt. Über Entwicklungen zur Technologie der Hohlventile und von erweiterten Lösungen beim Auftragschweißen von Ventilsitzen im Zusammenhang mit Eigenspannungen wird ausführlich berichtet. Einer kurzen allgemeinen Betrachtung zum Legierungsaufwand der wichtigsten Ventilwerkstoffe folgt ein Kapitel über Titan, Intermetallische Verbindungen und Keramik, die möglicherweise als zukünftige leichte Ventilwerkstoffe Verwendung finden können.
    Additional Material: 38 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 141-152 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Hartstoffschichten auf Leichtmetall-Komponenten unter mechanischer OberflächenbeanspruchungIn der vorliegenden Studie wurde das Verhalten von hartstoffbeschichteten Leichtmetallkomponenten unter mechanischer Oberflächenbeanspruchung untersucht. Hierzu wurden drei Leichtmetallegierungen (Ti-6Al-4V, A1Si7Mg und AlMgSi0.5) sowie 100Cr6 - Stahl (als Vergleichsmaterial) mit zwei unterschiedlichen PVD-Verfahren beschichtet: radio frequency magnetron sputtering und electron beam evaporation. Als Schichtmaterialien wurden CrN und TiN verwendet. Um die verschiedenen Substrat/Schicht-Kombinationen hinsichtlich ihres Belastungsvermögens zu beurteilen, wurden Standard-Testmethoden angewendet, die jeweils eine andere Lastsituation simulieren: der Härtetest (der eine statische Normalkraft aufbringt), der Ritztest (der eine statische Normalkraft mit einer statischen Tangentialkraft überlagert) und der Impacttest (der eine dynamische Normalkraft aufbringt).Es wurde beobachtet, daß das Belastungsvermögen beschichteter Materialien von der vorherrschenden Lastsituation abhängt. Die beschichteten Aluminiumlegierungen wiesen unter allen getesteten Lastsituationen ein geringes Belastungsvermögen auf. Allerdings zeigten sie eine höhere Oberflächenhärte als unbeschichteter Stahl. Beschichtetes Ti-6Al-4V wies ein hohes Belastungsvermögen auf, vergleichbar mit beschichtetem Stahl. Bei sämtlichen beschichteten Leichtmetallsubstraten war eine signifikante Verbesserung des Belastungsvermögens mit zunehmender Schichtdicke zu erkennen.An den Ergebnissen des Ritztests, welcher weitverbreitet zur Untersuchung der Haftung dünner Schichten eingesetzt wird, war auf den Aluminiumsubstraten ein sofortiger Durchbruch des Prüfdiamanten durch die Schichten zu beobachten. Es traten keinerlei Abplatzungen auf. Aufgrund dieses Verhaltens erscheint der Ritztest nicht geeignet, um die Schichthaftung auf Leichtmetallsubstraten zu untersuchen. Im Gegensatz dazu wies das Schadensbild des Impacttests auch auf den Aluminiumsubstraten Schichtabplatzungen auf, was auf dessen Eignung zur Beurteilung des Haftungsvermögens dünner Schichten auf sehr weichen Substraten schließen läßt.Die Studie zeigt, daß in bestimmten Anwendungsgebieten eine Substitution des Stahls durch hartstoffbeschichtete Leichtmetallegierungen möglich ist.
    Notes: In this work the behaviour of hard coated light-metal components was investigated when they are mechanically loaded. Three lightmetal alloys, Ti-6Al-4V, AlSi7Mg and AlMgSi0.5 and 100Cr6 steel (as a reference material) were coated by two different physical vapour deposition processes: radio frequency magnetron sputtering and electron beam evaporation. The coating materials utilised were CrN and TiN. Standard test methods with different loading conditions were used to evaluate the substrate/coating-combinations: the hardness test (applying a static normal load), the scratch test (applying a combination of a static normal and a static tangential force) and the impact test (applying a dynamic normal load).It was observed that the load support of coated materials depends on the loading conditions. The coated aluminium alloys showed poor load support under all loading test conditions but produced a higher surface hardness than uncoated steel. Coated Ti-6Al-4V showed very good load support properties, similar to coated steel. All coated light-metal substrates demonstrated significant improvement in load support behaviour with an increase in coating thickness.The results of the scratch test, which is commonly used to asses adhesion properties of thin coatings, showed an immediate indenter-breakthrough on the aluminium alloy substrates, but causing no coating delamination. Due to this behaviour, the scratch test is not suitable to evaluate adhesion properties on coated soft light-metals. Yet the impact test allowed assessment of coating delamination on the aluminium alloys, proving its usefulness for adhesion measurement even on soft substrates.The study indicates that substitution of steel with coated lightmetal alloys is a viable proposition for certain applications.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 154-162 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A concept to describe the fatigue lifetime by using statistical methodsIn order to spend time and money, cyclic loading tests have been usually undertaken with a relative small number of specimens. On the other hand, it is well established that fatigue life data, i.e. the cycle number of crack initiation Ni as well as the cycle number of total failure Nf show a scatter for a given load level. Therefore, fatigue live predictions must be undertaken using statistical methods. In this case it has to be taken into account that the quantity Nf consists of two parts, i.e. crack initiation and propagation. The first one has to be calculated in a statistical manner, whereas the second one with deterministic methods. Therefore, a superposition of statistical and deterministic parts has to be taken into account. Up to now it was estimated that in all cases the failure results from the same damage mechanism. In this case a scatter of fatigue life may be described by the Weibull distribution and characterised by the location parameter and the Weibull exponent. By using the correct density function, all fatigue life data Ni can be plotted in a failure probability Pv(Ni) vs. Ni plot. In case of some Al-alloys no linear dependence between Pv and Ni has been found, indicating that more than one type of defect spectrum may initiate the failure. Indeed, in AlMgSi cold worked specimens two types of cracks, e.g. surface as well as corner cracks, have been found that initiate the failure of the specimens. If was possible to correlate each type of crack with an individual Weibull distribution. By using this procedure, fatigue life can be estimated better than before.
    Notes: Zur experimentellen Lebensdauervorhersage an bauteilnahen Proben werden Schwingfestigkeitsuntersuchungen üblicherweise aus Zeit- und Kostengründen mit einer relativ kleinen Anzahl von Proben durchgeführt. Andererseits ist auf einem vorgegebenen Lastniveau grundsätzlich mit einer Streuung der Versuchsergebnisse, d. h. der Anrißlastspielzahl Ni bzw. der Lastspielzahl bis zum Bruch Nf, Zu rechnen. Um Lebensdauervorhersagen auf statistischer Grundlage durchführen zu können, muß beim Merkmalswert Nf in Betracht gezogen werden, daß die Rißausbreitung im Gegensatz zur Rißbildung in vielen Fällen deterministisch bestimmbar ist. Es ist daher abzuschätzen, in wie weit dieser Beitrag die Streuung der Gesamtlebensdauer beeinflußt. Desweiteren wurde bislang vorausgesetzt, daß der Versagensmechanismus immer auf dem selben Schädigungstyp beruht. In diesem Fall kann die Lebensdauer z. B. mit einer zweiparametrigen Weibull-Verteilung durch Angabe des Streu-und Lageparameters statistisch beschrieben werden. Bei der Verwendung einer geeigneten Dichtefunktion lassen sich die Schwingspielzahlen über die Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeiten auftragen. Im Fall von Al-Basislegierungen hat sich gezeigt, daß diese Auftragung keinen linearen Zusammenhang mehr aufweist, was dafür sprechen könnte, daß mindestens zwei unterschiedliche Defektsorten die Anrißbildung im Bauteil einleiten. Dies konnte für AlMgSi-Bleche anhand von Bruchflächenanalysen direkt nachgewiesen werden. Dazu wurden Ermüdungsrisse klassiert, die sich entweder an den Probenkanten oder direkt an Kratzern der Walzhaut bildeten. Die zwei Ereignisse ließen sich bei sonst gleichbleibenden Versuchsbedingungen in einzelne Weibull-Verteilungen zerlegen. Damit läßt sich im Fall von bauteilnahen Proben die Lebensdauer für kleine Ausfallwahrscheinlichkeiten genauer abschätzen als dies bislang der Fall ist.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 206-214 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The size effect on the fatigue properties of weldmentsConstant amplitude fatigue tests (R = - 1 and 0)have been carried out in order to investigate the influence of specimen size and manufacturing conditions on the high-cycle fatigue behaviour of large welded I-beams (web height 500 mm, total length 12 and 7 m respectively). The specimens contained transverse butt welds and longitudinal fillet welds, mainly produced by manual metal arc welding. The Δs̰-concept, as proposed in international standards for fatigue related design is supported by the test results as far as transverse butt welds or longitudinal fillet welds in large sections are concerned. The HCF-behaviour of butt joints in large sections, welded under site conditions, are reasonably covered by Eurocode 3 category 90. EC 3-Category 100 does not conservatively cover the HCF-behaviour of longitudinal fillet joints in large sections.
    Notes: Der Einfluß von Bauteilgröße und Fertigungsbedingungen auf die Ermüdungsfestigkeit von Stumpfstößen und Längskehlnähten wurde anhand von Einstufen-Wöhlerversuchen (R = - 1 und 0) mit großen geschweißten I-Blechträgern (Stelghöhe 500 mm, Länge 12 m bzw. 7 m) untersucht. Die Mehrzahl der Schweißnähte wurde im Lichtbogenhandschweißverfahren hergestellt. Das Konzept der Mittelspannungsunabhängigkeit der zulässigen Spannungen, das in den neueren Stahlbauvorschriften propagiert wird, wird für die Nahtformen Stumpfstoß und Längsnaht durch die Ergebnisse der Großbauteilversuche gestüzt. Das HCF-Verhalten von unter Baustellenbedingungen geschweißten Stumpfstößen in großen Bauteilen wird durch die Kerbfallklasse 90 im Eurocode 3 hinreichend abgedeckt. Die im Eurocode 3 für Längskehlnähte vorgesehene Kerbfallklasse 100 deckt die Versuchsergebnisse nicht vollständig ab.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A61 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 424-443 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Deficiency and Surplus of Electrons, a Possibility to explain the most different Phenomenons of Materials Science?The dream to explain all phenomenons with a few principles is very old. It has been tried to explain the transformation and the process of destruction with the help of binding ratios between the atoms at the example of iron, iron-alloys and iron-compounds. The binding ratios depend on the mode, the motion and the distribution of the atoms of a material, on the temperature, on the pressure and on the surrounding (mode, distribution and state of aggregate of the surrounding atoms and particles, redox-potential, fields…).The system „Material and surrounding“ is characterized by deficiency and surplus of electrons in a disequilibrium (in the material as well as in the surrounding). Regardless whether a system is in equilibrium or in disequilibrium, there is a steady exchange of electrons (and also of other particles) between material and surrounding. The ratio of binding electrons to non-binding electrons should be suitable for the characterization of the binding ratios in the material.An universal material testing system for material testing corresponding to load is suggested with the aim of estimation of endurance.The UMTS should allow a better valuation of materials and constructional elements and also a better material sampling and constructing corresponding to load on the basis of Load-Energy-Occurence-Graphs and data files as well as the guarantee of endurance of constructional elements, machines, cars, aircrafts as well as constructions.
    Notes: Der Traum, alle Erscheinungen mit wenigen Prinzipien erklären zu können, ist schon recht alt.Am Beispiel von Eisen, Eisenlegierungen und Eisenverbindungen wird versucht, die Modifikationswechsel, Umwandlungsvorgänge und den Zerstörungsprozeß mit den Bindungsverhältnissen zwischen den Atomen zu erklären. Die Bindungsverhältnissen hängen von der Art, Bewegung und Verteilung der Atome eines Stoffes, von der Temperatur, vom Druck und von der Umgebung (Art, Verteilung und Aggregatzustand der umgebenden Atome und Teilchen, Red-Ox-Potential, Felder…) ab.Das System „Stoff und Umgebung“ ist im Ungleichgewicht (sowohl im Stoff als auch in der Umgebung) durch Elektronenmangel bzw. -überschuß gekennzeichnet. Unabhängig davon, ob sich ein System im Gleichgewicht oder im Ungleichgewicht befindet, findet ein ständiger Austausch von Elektronen (und mit Sicherheit auch von anderen Teilchen) zwischen Stoff und Umgebung statt. Zur Charakterisierung der Bindungsverhältnisse im Stoff sollte das Verhältnis „Bindungselektronen zu nicht an der Bindung beteiligten Elektronen“ beitragen können.Ein universelles Werkstoffprüfsystem zur beanspruchungsgerechten Werkstoffprüfung mit dem Ziel der Lebensdauerabschätzung wird vorgeschlagen. Das UMTS sollte eine bessere Werkstoff- und Bauteilbewertung, eine verbesserte Werkstoffauswahl und ein beanspruchungsgerechtes Konstruieren auf der Grundlage von Belastungs-Energie-Ereignis-Schaubildern und -Dateien sowie die Übernahme von Lebensdauergarantien für Bauteile, Maschinen, Fahr- und Flugzeuge sowie Konstruktionen ermöglichen.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 48-50 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 50-50 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 338-338 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 365-370 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The corrosion inhibition of mild steel by some naturally occuring substance was evaluated in absence and presence of 600 and 1200 mg H2S/l in 3% NaCl aqueous solution and pH of 3 and temperature of 25 °C. These naturally occurring substance included the water extracts, coumarines and fatty matters extracts of some Egyptian plants. These plants included:(1) Nigella Sativa (Family Ranunculacease) (Extract (1), 2) Coriandrum Sativum (Family Umbelliferea) (Extract II), 3) Ricinus communis (Family Euphorbiaceae) (Extract III). The galvanostatic anodic and cathodic polarization measurements were used for studying the corrosion behavior of mild steel and evaluation of the percentage inhibition of the undertesting extracts of these three plants and also preparation of fatty matters and coumarin fractions were mentioned.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 397-411 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mechanische und Physikalische Eigenschaften von Vermiculargraphit - Gußeisen GGV
    Notes: The mechanical and physical properties of compacted graphite iron (CGI) have been studied. While it is known that CGI provides at least 70% higher tensile strength, 35% higher elastic modulus and 80% higher fatigue limits than conventional grey cast iron, the objective of this paper was to determine how the properties change with varying nodularity (graphite shape) and pearlite content. Tensile properties, hardness, damping capacity and thermal conductivity were determined over the range 0-90% nodularity and 25-100% pearlite. Compressive properties, wear resistance and fatigue behaviour of CGI are also reported upon. Of greatest importance is the influence of patches of flake graphite in predominantly CGI microstructures. As soon as flake patches appear, which can occur with a loss of as little as 0.001% active magnesium, the mechanical properties of CGI abruptly decrease by 25-40%. Proper foundry control technology and quality procedures are therefore required to ensure the reliable production of this improved material.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A1 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Protective coating systems for fasteners in contact with light weight metalsA review of the recent use of fasteners for light weight alloys in automotive car production is given. Mechanical design, materials selection and protective coating concepts for Magnesium- and Aluminum-alloys are presented. The specific problems caused by galvanic corrosion are discussed by the use of electrochemical data of the protective coating systems on fasteners for joining Magnesium. Experience from outdoor exposure in automotive applications up to date are considered.
    Notes: Es wird ein Überblick über die derzeit im Kraftfahrzeugbau verwendeten Verschraubungselemente für Leichtmetallegierungen gegeben. Dabei werden konstruktive Auslegungen, Werkstoffauswahl und Beschichtungskonzepte für Magnesium- und Aluminiumlegierungen vorgestellt. Die spezielle Problematik der Kontaktkorrosion wird anhand elektrochemischer Messungen f ür verschiedene Beschichtungssysteme im Verbau mit Magnesium diskutiert. Bisherige Felderfahrungen im Automobilbereich fließen jeweils in die Betrachtungen mit ein.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 16-22 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Activation energy of repeated carbide precipitation processes in steelsDispersion microstructures in steels can be formed from the martensitic condition by repeated precipitation and coarsening of M3C (or M6C) particles. The precipitation stage comprehends the nucleation and the growth of one particle generation according to r ∝ t1/2 (r - particle radius, t - time), and already after some minutes it turns into the dominating coarsening according to r ∝ t1/3 (OSTWALD-ripening). The coarsening of the first precipitated particle generation is superposed with the following precipitation of further generations. They can be proved by the coercive field strength, the yield strength, microstructural mean values from scanning electron micrographs and by hardness tests. The occurring maxima of precipitation allow the evaluation of the activation energy for the effective volume diffusion in the α - Fe phase. By including the electronegativity (after L. Pauling ) the covalent bond in the M3C phase is considered. With that is possible to attach the estimated activation energy to the main alloying (and diffusing) element and also to the total composition of the steel.
    Notes: Dispersionsgefüge in Stählen werden aus dem martensitischen Zustand durch wiederholte Ausscheidung und Vergröberung von M3C-Partikeln (oder M6C) gebildet. Das Ausscheidungsstadium umfaßt gemäß r ∝ t1/2 (r - Partikelradius, t - Zeit) die Keimbildung und das Wachstum einer Partikelgeneration und geht schon nach wenigen Minuten in die dominierende Vergröberung gemäß der OSTWALD-Reifung r ∝ t1/3 über. Die Vergröberung zuerst ausgeschiedener Partikelgenerationen überlagert sich mit der nachfolgenden Ausscheidung und Vergröberung weiterer Partikelgenerationen. Sie können mit Hilfe der Koerzitivfeldstärke, der unteren Streckgrenze, mit Gefügemittelwertsdaten rasterelektronenmikroskopischer Abbildungen des Dispersionsgefüges und durch Kleinlasthärteprüfungen nachgewiesen werden. Die auftretenden Ausscheidungsmaxima gestatten die Abschätzung der Aktivierungsenergie für die effektive Volumendiffusion in der α - Fe - Phase. Durch Einbeziehung der Elektronegativitätswerte (hier nach L. PAULING) wird die vorliegende kovalente Bindung der M3C-Partikel berücksichtigt. Durch sie ergibt sich eine Zuordnung der abgeschätzten Aktivierungsenergie zu dem Hauptlegierungselement und darüber hinaus zur Gesamtzusammensetzung eines Stahles.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A24 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 57-65 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: With TiN particles lasermodified Al2O3 ceramic under oscillating sliding contact at different humidities and temperaturesA slightly porous, commercially available alumina ceramic was surface modified up to 170 μm thickness by adding TiN particles. The multiphase surface structure of this laser treated ceramic consisted of about 12 vol.% TiN, 16 vol.% grain boundary phase and 72 vol.% Al2O3. Tribological tests on the modified ceramic and for reference also on a highly dense alumina and titania were carried out in oscillating sliding contact against Al2O3 balls. In these tests, the temperature of the specimens was varied between 28°C and 500°C. At room temperature the relative humidity of the surrounding air was changed between 3% and 70% and additional tests were run by using distilled water as interfacial medium. The resulting multiphase microstructure showed substantially reduced friction and wear at different temperatures and also above relative humidities of about 35% at room temperature compared with the highly dense, commercially available alumina.
    Notes: Über einen zweistufigen Laserprozeß wurde eine handelsübliche Al2O3-Keramik in einer Randschicht von 170 μm Dicke durch Einlagerung von TiN-Partikeln modifiziert. Das entstandene mehrphasige Gefüge setzte sich aus ca 12 Vol.-% TiN, 16 Vol.-% Korngrenzenphase und 72 Vol.-% Aluminiumoxid zusammen. Die tribologische Charakterisierung erfolgte im reversierenden, ungeschmierten Gleitkontakt gegen Al2O3-Gegenkörper. Variiert wurde die Versuchstemperatur zwischen 28°C und 500°C und die relative Luftfeuchte bei Raumtemperatur zwischen 3% und 70%. Zusätzlich wurden Versuche in destilliertem Wasser unter Mischreibung durchgeführt. Als Referenzmaterialien wurden je eine handelsübliche, dichte Al2O3-und TiO2-Keramik mit in die Untersuchungen einbezogen.Die durch Oberflächenmodifizierung entstandenen, mehrphasigen Gefüge zeigten in verschiedenen Temperaturbereichen deutlich reduzierte Reibungszahlen und Verschleißbeträge im Vergleich mit der hochdichten, monolithischen Al2O3-Referenzkeramik. Aus den Untersuchungen zum Einfluß der relativen Luftfeuchte (rF) folgte, daß sich die mit TiN-Partikeln modifizierte Al2O3-Keramik oberhalb von 35 % rF durch niedrigere und von der Feuchte unabhängige Reibungszahlen und Verschleißbeträge auszeichnete.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 594-594 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 605-608 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das Grenzflächenverhalten eines mit Stahlkörnern verfestigten Kupfer-Basis-VerbundwerkstoffesEs wird ein neuer, mit Körnern verstärkter, Guß-Verbundwerkstoff vorgestellt. Zur Verstärkung [VZE]dienen grobe Stahlkörner mit einem Durchmesser von 0.6 bis 1 mm in einer Matrix aus Zinnbronze. Der Verschleißwiderstand dieses Verbundwerkstoffes ist zehnmal besser als der der Matrix, die Zugfestigkeit erreicht einen dreifach höheren Wert. In der vorliegenden Veröffentlichung wird schwerpunktmäßig das Grenzflächenverhalten zwischen den Körnern und der Matrix beschrieben. Als Ergebnis wird die Bildung der Grenzfläche durch Diffusion von Eisen und Kupfer, die zu einer Verfestigung führt, beschrieben.
    Notes: A new type of grain reinforcing cast composite is introduced. The reinforcing component is the coarse steel grain (0.6∼1.0mmφ) with the matrix of tin bronze. The wearing resistance of this material is 10 times as much as the matrix and regarding the tensile strength, 3 times. In this paper, the interface behaviour between grains and the matrix is emphasised. The results show the formation of an interface layer, caused by the diffusion of Fe and Cu, which strengthens the bonding.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 595-604 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Survival Rate and Reliability of Ceramic Femoral Heads for Total Hip ArthroplastyFemoral heads and sockets made of alumina ceramics are successfully used in total hip replacement. The in vivo fracture rate of Biolox heads is lower than 0.02%. An extremely high load (e. g. accident) can initiate subcritical crack growth causing fracturing.107 retrieved Biolox heads were investigated. When measuring their fracture load no fatigue was detected. This result can be explained by the relation between crack velocity and stress intensity (v-K-diagram). The stress intensity of ceramic heads when loaded with standard conditions (e. g. walking, max. load 3 kN) is in the order of 0.6 MPa m1/2. Stress intensities like that are below alumina's fatigue limit KIo which is in the order on 1 MPa m1/2.Biolox alumina heads are examples for engineering ceramics that are reliable despite tensile stress over very long periods of time.
    Notes: Der totale Ersatz eines Hüftgelenkes mit Kugelköpfen und Pfannen aus Aluminiumoxidkeramik ist klinisch bewährt. Die in vivo Bruchrate eines Biolox Kugelkopfes liegt unter 0,02 %. Ausgelöst durch eine extrem hohe Belastung (z. B. Unfall) kann der Bruch nach unterkritischem Rißwachstum erfolgen.An 107 Biolox Explantaten wurde die Restfestigkeit bestimmt. Es konnte keine Materialermüdung nachgewiesen werden. Dies kann mit Hilfe des Zusammenhanges zwischen der Geschwindigkeit des Rißfortschritts und der Spannungsintensität (v-K-Diagramm)b erklärt werden. Normal belastete keramische Kugelköpfe (z. B. beim Gehen max. 3 kN) haben in vivo Spannungsintensitäten K1 von ca. 0,6 MPa m1/2. Hiermit befindet man sich mit der Spannungsintensität im Bereich unter der Ermüdungsgrenze KIo, für die ca. 1 MPa m1/2 abgeschätzt werden kann.Biolox Kugelköpfe sind ein Beispiel für den Einsatz von Keramik, die trotz Zugspannungen als Dauerbelastung und mit hohen Anforderungen an die Sicherheit über large Zeiten sicher im Einsatz sind.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Differences in the cyclic deformation behaviour of quenched and tempered steel 42 CrMo 4 (AISI 4140) due to stress- and strain-controlCyclic stress-strain-curves and Manson-Coffin-plots of quenched and tempered steel 42 CrMo 4 (AISI 4140) strongly depend on whether they are determined under stress- or total-strain-control. At total-strain-controlled experiments, this is caused on the one hand by comparatively high initial stress-amplitudes which lead to distinctive cyclic worksoftening. On the other hand, the occurring differences in the evolution of inhomogeneous deformation patterns at both types of loading, which can be recorded by means of photoelasticity and microscopy, lead to differently distributed plastic deformations and to different integral values of plastic strain.
    Notes: Die bei nennspannungs- und totaldehnungskontrollierter Zug-Druck-Wechselverformung von vergütetem 42 CrMo 4 erhaltenen Zyklischen Spannungs-Dehnungs-kurven und Manson-Coffin-Auftragungen hängen stark von der Versuchsführung ab. Ursachen dafür sind einerseits die bei Totaldehnungskontrolle vergleichsweise großen Anfangsspannungsamplituden, die zu ausgeprägten Wechselentfestigungen führen. Andererseits bilden sich bei beiden Beanspruchungsarten, wie sich spannungsoptisch und lichtmikroskopisch nachweisen läßt, unterschiedliche inhomogene Deformationserscheinungen aus, die voneinander abweichende plastische Dehnungsverteilungen und integrale Dehnungswerte ergeben.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Stress-strain hysteresis measurements of cyclically loaded unidirectional SiC-short-fiber reinforced alkali-lime-silicate-glassFor the technical application of fiber reinforced glasses, the knowledge of their fatigue behavior is important. Therefore, AR-glass specimens and SiC-short-fiber reinforced glass-compound specimens were produced by extrusion and investigated in stress controlled cyclic 3-point bending tests. The cyclic deformation behavior was characterized and the failure mechanisms were evaluated as a function of stress amplitude, number of cycles and fiber volume fraction by hysteresis measurements and microscopical investigations of the specimens surfaces. Selected results are presented and discussed.
    Notes: Im Hinblick auf die technische Anwendung faserverstärkter Gläser ist die Kenntnis des Ermüdungsverhaltens dieser Werkstoffe eine unabdingbare Voraussetzung. Hierzu wurden AR-Glasproben sowie SiC-kurzfaserverstärkte AR-Glas-Verbundproben durch Strangpressen hergestellt und in spannungskontrollierten 3-Punkt-Biegeversuchen im Schwellbereich schwingend beansprucht. Die Charakterisierung des zyklischen Verformungsverhaltens und die Bewertung der Versagensmechanismen in Abhängigkeit von Beanspruchungsamplitude, Beanspruchungsdauer und Faservolumengehalt erfolgte mit Hilfe des Hysteresismeßverfahrens sowie lichtmikroskopischer Strukturuntersuchungen an den Probenoberflächen. Ausgewählte Versuchsergebnisse werden vorgestellt und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 339-344 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zerstörungsfreie Zustandsermittlung von GasturbinenschaufelnDie Restlebensdauer von sich in Einsatz befindenden Gasturbinenschaufeln wird durch die Bestimmung von Gefügeveränderungen des Grundwerkstoffes während der Betriebszeit ermittelt. Da man versucht Turbinenschaufelstufen in kompletten Sätzen zu halten, ist die Zerstörungsfreie Untersuchung (ZfU) sehr attraktiv. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es deshalb, die Möglichkeiten eines ZfU Verfahrens zur Bestimmung von Strukturveränderungen im Basismaterial zu bewerten.Das einstufige Oberflächenabdruckverfahren (kombiniert mit REM-Untersuchungen) zeigt sich als relativ einfaches Verfahren, das allen Anforderungen entspricht. Auf unbeschichteten Turbinenschaufeln ist dieses Verfahren direkt anwendbar. Um es auf beschichteten Turbinenschaufeln anzuwenden, muß die Beschichtung lokal entfernt werden.
    Notes: In order to determine the remaining life of service exposed turbine blades it is necessary to characterize the degeneration of the microstructure of the base metal during service. Since turbine blades of industrial gas turbines are kept in complete stages, non-destructive inspection (NDI) is very attractive. Hence the goal of the investigation reported here was to evaluate a NDI technique able to detect microstructural changes of the base metal. It was found that single-stage replication (in combination with investigation in a Scanning Electron Microscope) is a relatively simple technique that fulfils all requirements. This technique can be used in-situ on uncoated buckets. For coated turbine blades local removal of the coating is necessary to perform base metal replication.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A97 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A77 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 389-396 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Plasma Pretreatment and Coating of Polymer Films. Part 3: Analysis of the Experimental Results and DiscussionThe food packaging industry demands cheap polymer films possessing a high barrier against permeation of gases, moisture and flavour. Candidates for the most successful materials fulfilling these requirements are vacuum web coated biaxial oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films containing a thin inorganic barrier layer. For a good adhesion of the barrier layer on the BOPP films, the polymer film must be pretreated. The industry uses the Corona atmosphere plasma. This work is separated in three parts. The first part describes the experimental setup and the properties of vacuum web coated layers on polymer films[1] The next part contains the results of the systematic modification of polymer surface by atmosphere and low pressure plasmas[2]. The influence of the surface properties on the final functionality of the coated films is given. In the last part, the discussion of the results of the first and second part reveals systematic relations between the production parameters of the high barrier films and their final functionality. These results firstly reveal the adhesion mechanism of the inorganic barrier layers of the polymer films and the necessary surface properties of the polymer films, in order to get cheap high barrier films by vacuum web coating.
    Notes: Die lebensmittelverpackende Industrie verlangt nach immer billigeren Kunststoffolien mit immer höheren Barrieren gegenüber Gasen, Wasserdampf und Aromastoffen. Ein sehr erfolgreicher Schritt, um diese Anforderungen zu erfüllen, besteht in der vakuumtechnischen Beschichtung mit dünnen anorganischen Schichten von biaxial orientierten Polypropylenfolien (BOPP). UM gute Haftungen der aufgedampften Aluminiumschichten zu erzielen, müssen die BOPP-Folie vorbehandelt werden. Industriell steht dafür das Corona-Atmosphärendruckplasma zur Verfügung. In dieser Arbeit aufgeteilt in drei Abschnitte wird zuerst der Versuchsaufbau und die Eigenschaften beschichteter Kunststoffolien allgemein dargestellt[1]. Im nächsten Schritt erfolgt die systematische Modifikation der Folienoberfläche mittels verschiedener Atmosphärendruck- und Niederdruckplasmen [2]. Die Plasmen werden mittels Langmuir-Sonde und Quadrupolmassenspektrometer charakterisiert. Nach Beschichtung der mittels verschiedener Plasmen modifizierten Kunststoffolien zeigen Haftung und Permeabilitätsmessungen den Einfluß der Vorbehandlung auf die Funktionalität der Folie/Schicht-Systeme. Im letzten Abschnitt werden aus den Ergebnissen der Analysen der unbeschichteten und beschichteten Folien systematische Zusammenhänge zwischen Herstellungsparametern und funktionellen Eigenschaften der beschichteten Folien hergestellt. Daraus lassen sich erstmals die zu einer guten Schichthaftung führenden Mechanismen aufzeigen und die notwendigen Oberflächeneigenschaften der unbeschichteten Folie identifizieren, so daß durch die vakuumtechnische Beschichtung preisgünstige Hochbarrierefolien produziert werden können.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 336-338 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Es wird die Präparation und die temperaturabhängige Lichtdurchlässigkeit thermotroper Gelnetzwerke in Abhängigkeit von ihrer Zusammensetzung auf der Basis von Polyvinylalkohol (PVA), ethoxyliertem Polydimethyl-siloxan (ePS) und Wasser beschrieben. Diese thermotropen Materialien sind für den Einsatz in sogenannten „intelligenten“ Fenstern geeignet.
    Notes: The aim of this study has been to examine the possibility of preparing thermotropic aqueous gel networks that exhibit multiphase transitions in connection with changing the transparency of the system depending on temperature variation. As polymers polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and ethoxylated polydimethylsiloxane (ePS) were chosen. Thermotropic materials can be used as intelligent shadegivers.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 345-364 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Plasma Pretreatement and Coating of Polymer Films. Part 2: Experimental Results of the Plasma Pretreatment of Polymer FilmsThe food packaging industry demands cheap polymer films possessing a high barrier against permeation of gases, moisture and flavor. Candidates for the most successful materials fulfilling these requirements are vacuum web coated biaxial oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films containing a thin inorganic barrier layer. For a good adhesion of the barrier layer on the BOPP films, the polymer film must be pretreated. The industry uses the Corona atmosphere plasma. This work is separated in three parts. The first part describes the experimental setup and the properties of vacuum web coated layers on polymer films [1]. The next part contains the results of the systematic modification of po } ymer surface by atmosphere and low pressure plasmas. The influence of the surface properties on the final functionality of the coated films is given. In the last part, the discussion of the results of the first and second part reveals systematic relations between the production parameters of the high barrier films and their final functionality. These results firstly reveal the adhesion mechanism of the inorganic barrier layers of the polymer films and the necessary surface properties of the polymer films, in order to get cheap high barrier films by vacuum web coating.
    Notes: Die lebensmittelverpackende Industrie verlangt nach immer billigeren Kunststoffolien mit immer höheren Barrieren gegenüber Gasen, Wasserdampf und Aromastoffen. Ein sehr erfolgreicher Schritt, um diese Anforderungen zu erfüllen, besteht in der vakuumtechnischen Beschichtung mit dünnen anorganischen Schichten von biaxial orientierten Polypropylenfolien (BOPP). Um gute Haftungen der aufgedampften Aluminiumschichten zu erzielen, müssen die BOPP-Folie vorbehandelt werden. Industriell steht dafür das Corona-Atmosphärendruckplasma zur Verfügung. In dieser Arbeit aufgeteilt in drei Abschnitte wird zuerst der Versuchsaufbau und die Eigenschaften beschichteter Kunststoffolien allgemein dargestellt [1]. Im nächsten Schritt erfolgt die systematische Modifikation der Folienoberfläche mittels verschiedener Atmosphärendruck- und Niederdruckplasmen. Die Plasmen werden mittels Langmuir-Sonde und Quadrupolmassenspektrometer charakterisiert. Nach Beschichtung der mittels verschiedener Plasmen modifizierten Kunststoffolien zeigen Haftung und Permeabilitätsmessungen den Einfluß der Vorbehandlung auf die Funktionalität der Folie/Schicht-Systeme. Im letzte Abschnitt werden aus den Ergebnissen der Analysen der unbeschichteten und beschichten Folien systematische Zusammenhänge zwischen Herstellungsparametern und funktionellen Eigenschaften der beschichteten Folien hergestellt. Daraus lassen sich erstmals die zu einer guten Schichthaftung führenden Mechanismen aufzeigen und die notwendigen Oberflächeneigenschaften der unbeschichteten Folie identifizieren, so daß durch die vakuumtechnischen Beschichtung preisgünstige Hochbarrierefolien produziert werden können.
    Additional Material: 45 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 412-423 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Weldability of Aluminium and Al AlloysAluminium is behind steel the most used metal. Advantages of Al-materials are the low weight, the favourable strength and deformation properties, the good corrosion resistance and the good electrical and thermal conductivity. Welding of aluminium encounters difficulties due to high melting oxide layer at the surface, the strong heat dissipation from the welding region, the tendency to form craters or pores and the high heat extension. This contribution describes the basic facts and special features of arc welding and weld properties of aluminium and Al-alloys during welding.
    Notes: Aluminium ist das nach dem Stahl am häufigsten eingesetzte Metall. Vorteile der Aluminiumwerkstoffe sind das geringe Gewicht, günstige Festigkeits- und Verformungseigenschaften, der hohe Korrosionswiderstand sowie die hohe elektrische und Wärmeleitfähigkeit. Beim Schweißen ergeben sich vielfach Schwierigkeiten, die u. a. durch die hochschmelzende Oxidhaut, die starke Wärmeableitung, die Neigung zur Riß- oder Porenbildung sowie durch die große Wärmedehnung verursacht werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Grundlagen und Besonderheiten von Reinaluminium und unterschiedlicher Legierungen hinsichtlich der Lichtbogen-Schweißtechnologie und der Nahteigenschaften dargestellt.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 447-450 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 451-451 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 466-475 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Low energy IBAD: correlation between process parameters ans film properties for ion beam assisted evaporation and sputter depositionBinary nitride films with Al, Cr and Ti as metal components have been deposited with ion beam assisted evaporation and sputtering (IBAD) and the film properties are investigated in terms of the individual deposition parameters.In the case of ion beam assisted evaporation the flux ratio between the film forming metal atoms and the nitrogen ions from the ion source was shown to enable a quantitative control of the composition and the chemical phases of the films. Detailed studies for TiN reveal the possibilities to manipulate texture and stress, the average grain size and the morphology of the films. Such results are discussed with an extended structure zone model, introducing the energy input per film forming particle as the relevant parameter. Also, the structural film properties and the deposition parameters are quantitatively correlated with the hardness and the beginning of TiN deposition on stainless steel resulted in distinctly improved adhesion properties.For the deposition of TiN with a dual ion beam arrangement in which one beam bundle was directed onto a Ti-target and an other onto the substrate with the growing film, a strong influence of the particle energies and the incidence angles on the film texture and its directional orientation was found. Such effects are quantitatively related to the minimization of the free energy of the films and the influence of preferential re-sputtering effects. For ion beam sputter deposition without simultaneous ion bombardment of the growing film, the texture and the film stress are found to be controlled by energetic particles resulting from elastic backscattering at the target surface.
    Notes: Mittels ionenstrahlunterstütztem Aufdampfen und Aufsputtern (IBAD)wurden binäre Nitridschichten mit Al, Cr und Ti als Metallkomponente deponiert und hinsichtlich ihrer Eigenschaften in Abhängigkeit von den Depositionsparametern Charakterisiert.Beim ionenstrahlunterstützten Aufdampfen konnten durch Variation des Flußratenverhältnisses zwischen den schichtbildenden Metallatomen und den aus der Ionenquelle extrahierten Stickstoffionen die Schichtzusammensetzung und die chemischen Phasenverhältnisse kontrolliert eingestellt werden. Ausführliche Untersuchungen an den TiN-Schichten zeigen, daß auch Textur, Eigenspannungen, mittlere Korngröße und Morphologie der Schichten in weiten Grenzen manipuliert werden können. Ausgehend vom Energieeintrag pro schichtbildendem Teilchen werden die Ergebnisse anhand eines erweiterten Strukturzonenmodells diskutiert. Weiter lassen sich die strukturellen Schichteigenschaften und die Depositionsparameter mit der Härte und der Haftfestigkeit der Schichten quantitativ korrelieren. Durch dynamische Prozeßführung in der Anfangsphase des Schichtwachstums konnte eine deutliche Verbesserung der Haftung von TiN auf Werkzeugstahl erzielt werden.Für die Deposition von TiN mit einer Zweistrahlanordung, bei der ein Ionenstrahlbündel auf ein Ti-Target und ein weiteres auf das Substrat mit der aufwachsenden Schicht trifft, ergibt sich ein deutlicher Einfluß der Teilchenenergien und -auftreffwinkel auf die Schichttextur und deren Ausrichtung. Betrachtungen zur Minimierung der freien Energie in den Schichten und zum Einfluß von präferentiellen Rücksputtereffekten liefern ein quantitatives Verständnis der Effekte bei der Texturbildung. Bei der Ionenstrahl-Sputterdeposition ohne simultanem Substratbeschuß werden Textur und Schichtspannungen durch die vom Sputtertarget kommenden energiereichen Rückstreuteilchen bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 518-524 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Custom-Tailored Coating-Interface Systems by Means of lon Beam Assisted DepositionA coated sample represents in its most simple form a threefold junction consisting of substrate interface and top layer. In many cases the top layer consists again of several sublayers or the interface contains a modified substrate surface and an interconnection between top layer and interface. An ideal coating technique is evaporation under simultaneous ion bombardment with an ion source it is possible because of several free parameters to come close to an ideal system.For the coating Al/Al2O3 on steel it is shown that the width of a composition gradient between the sublayers Al and Al2O3 can be optimized with respect to excellent corrosion resistance.The example CrxN coating on steel or corrosion and wear resistence demonstrate the ability to optimize the corrosion and wear resistence by modifying the microstructure via variation of the parameters ion energy, ion impact angle, ion to atom ratio and process temperature.Finally, TiN layers on steel were chosen to show that the ion beam parameters influence the porosity and the crystal structure of the coatings. This fact can be used to optimize the corrosion protection or wear reduction obtained by the coating. Especially the multilayer Ti/TiO2/TiN exhibits very interesting properties.
    Notes: Ein beschichtetes Bauteil stellt in seiner einfachsten Form einen Dreierverbund aus Substrat, Interface und Schicht dar, in vielen Fällen kann die Schicht aus mehreren Untersystemen bzw. das Interface aus der modifizierten Substatrandschicht und einem Zwischenbereich zur Schicht bestehen. Eine ideale Beschichtungsmethode sollte es daher erlauben, alle diese Schichten bzw. Schichtbereiche in kontrollierter und aufeinander abgestimmter Form zu erzeugen.Mittels des IBAd-Verfahrens, bei dem Aufdampfschichten während ihrer Abscheidung mit Ionen aus einer Ionenquelle beschossen werden, ist es möglich, infolge der zahlreichen frei wählbaren Parameter sich an das ideale System heranzutasten.Anhand des Verbunds Stahl/Al/Al2O3 wird erlätert, wie durch einen in der Ausdehnung optimierten Zusammensetzungsgradienten das Interface zwischen den Subschichten Al und Al2O3 bezüglich des Korrosionsschutzvermögens der Schicht verbessert werden kann.An CrxN-Schichten wird demonstriert, daß durch die Wahl der Parameter Ionenenergie, Ioneneinfallswinkel, Ionen/Atom-Verhältnis und Prozeßtemperatur über die Mikrostruktur von Schicht und Oberfläche das Verschleiß-und Korrosionsverhalten sowie die Härte angepaßt werden können.Am Beispiel TIN auf Stahl zeigt sich, daß je nach Ionenstrahlparameter die Porosität und damit das Korrosionsverhalten bzw. die Kristallinität und damit Härte und Verschleißverhalten optimiert werden können. Besonders Mehrlagenschichten Ti/TiO2/TiN zeigen interessante Eigenschaften.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Coatings in polymer processingCrxN coatings produced by PVD-magnetron sputtering (MSPVD) open unitsFor several years hard coatings have been used in plastic processing. The reduction of adhesion and contamination effects play a more and more important role besides the wear protection of injection moulds and extrusion tools. Applications of hard coatings in the field of highly stressed screws and barrels of plastification units are very seldom. In these cases the tribological effects are very intense so that the demanded wear resistance of hard coatings in the range 10μm is not sufficient. Different hard coatings based on titanium and chromium were tested according to their applicability for wear protection of screws in plastification units. Thickness, hardness, internal stresses and adhesion of the coatings were studied.Afterwards tribological tests in a model testing unit were investigated. Here the coatings were studied under tribological conditions, similar to those in a real plastification unit. The CrxN multilayer coatings showed extremely better wear resistance than the titanium based coatings. For this reason the CrxN coatings were optimized by help of the deposition parameters. These optimized coatings have been investigated according to their applicability for different polymers in comparison to other coating systems. First tests of CrCN/TiCN coated screw elements in practice showed very pleasing results. The test in practice with the optimized CrxN multilayer coating has yet to take place, but in the model tests the CrxN coatings showed excellent results.
    Notes: Hartstoffschichten werden bereits seit langem in der Kunststoffverarbeitung eingesetzt. Neben dem Verschleißschutz von Spritzguß-und Extrusionswerkzeugen stehen häufig auch die Verringerung von Klebneigungen und Formverschmutzungen im Vordergrund. Anwendungen im Bereich der hochbeanspruchten Schnecken und Zylinder von Plastifizieraggregaten sind noch selten. Die Verschleißeffekte sind hier so heftig, daß in der Praxis eine große Verschleißreserve gefordert wird, die Hartstoffschichten mit maximal 10 μm Schichtdicke naturgemäß nicht mitbringen. Verschiedene Hartstoffschichten auf Titan- und Chrombasis wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung für den Verschleißschutz von Schnecken für Plastifizieraggregate untersucht. Schichtdicke, Härte, Eigenspannungen und Haftfestigkeit der Schichten wurden bestimmt.Anschließend wurden Verschleißversuche mit Hilfe einer Modellprüfapparatur, die die Schichten ähnlichen tribologischen Belastungen aussetzt, wie sie in einer Plastifiziereinheit auftreten, durchgeführt. Die CrxN-Mehrlagenschichten waren hierbei den auf Titan basierenden Schichten deutlich überlegen. Deshalb wurden für die CrxN-Schichten optimale Beschichtungsparameter bestimmt. Diese optimierten Schichten wurden mit verschiedenen anderen Schichtsystemen im Hinblick auf Ihre Eignung für unterschiedliche Kunststoffmaterialien verglichen. Erste Praxisversuche mit CrCN/TiCN-beschichteten Schneckenlementen sind sehr vielversprechend. Ein Praxistest der optimierten CrxN-Mehrlagenschichten steht zwar noch aus, jedoch konnten die guten Ergebnisse der CrxN-Schichten bei den Modellversuchen stets bestätigt werden.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 569-572 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Predicting the fatigue strength of fillet-rolled crankshaftsSince three years Darmstadt University of Technology uses finite element method for simulation of fillet rolling process. Now, together with Daimler-Benz AG, a fracture mechanics based concept has been successfully applied predicting the fatigue strength of fillet-rolled crankshafts. For these parts conventional assessment of fatigue behaviour shows several disadvantages. The new concept reduces time and costs for development and design. It consists of three parts: calculation of residual stresses induced by fillet rolling and affected by crankshaft and roller geometry, rolling load and work hardening data of materialsimulation of residual stress redistribution due to cyclic loadassessment of fatigue cracks starting from notch root and propagating under compressive residual stresses by means of linearelastic fracture mechanics.
    Notes: Nachdem vor drei Jahren an der TU Darmstadt erstmals das Festwalzen erfolgreich mit Finite-Elemente-Methoden simuliert wurde [1], gelang nun in Zusammenarbeit mit der Daimler-Benz AG die rechnerische Abschätzung der Schwingfestigkeit festgewalzter Kurbelwellen mit Methoden der Bruchmechanik. Mit dem auch in der Vorentwicklung einsetzbaren Berechnungskonzept - hier zeigen die klassischen Berechnungsmöglichkeiten für festgewalzte Bauteile deutliche Defizite - können sowohl Entwicklungszeiten als auch Kosten der Versuchserprobung reduziert werden. Die Berechnung erfolgt dabei in drei Stufen: Berechnung der beim Festwalzen induzierten Eigenspannungen mit Hilfe der geometrischen Daten von Kurbelwelle und Festwalzrolle bei vorgegebener Werkstofffließkurve und Festwalzkräften.Berücksichtigung der Umlagerung der Eigenspannungen aufgrund der zyklischen Beanspruchung des Bauteils.Bruchmechanische Bewertung der sich im Radiusbereich der Kurbelwelle bildenden Anrisse und deren Verhalten in der druckeigenspannungsbehafteten Zone.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 629-631 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A132 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of mean stresses and mean strains on the cyclic deformation behavior and the plasticity-induced martensite formation of X6CrNiTi1810 stainless steelThis paper describes some aspects of the fatigue behavior of the metastable austenitic stainless steel X6CrNiTi1810 (German material number 1.4541). The aim of the present investigation is to determine the influence of plasticity-induced martensite formation on the cyclic deformation behaviour at room temperature and T = 300°C. Several specimen batches were tested under stress and total strain control with different R-values, a frequency of 5 Hz and triangular load-time functions, s̰-hysteresis and nondestructive magnetic measurements are used to characterize the fatigue behavior. Characteristic results are presented and discussed.
    Notes: Anhand von einstufigen spannungs- und totaldehnungskontrollierten Versuchen werden Zusammenhänge zwischen dem zyklischen Verformungsverhalten und der verformungsinduzierten Martensitbildung des metastabilen austenitischen Stahls X6CrNiTi1810 (Werkstoff-Nr. 1.4541) bei Raumtemperatur und T = 300°C untersucht. Besondere Beachtung findet hierbei der Einfluß von Mittelbeanspruchungen. Alle Versuche wurden mit einem dreieckförmigen Beanspruchung-Zeit-Verlauf und einer Frequenz von 5 Hz durchgeführt. Zur Charakterisierung des Wechselverformungsverhaltens dient neben den aus σ-Hysteresen ermittelten mechanischen Kennwerten, der on-line mittels eines Wirbelstromsensors gemessene magnetische Phasenanteil. Ausgewählte Versuchsergebnisse werden vorgestellt und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 713-713 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 152-152 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 300-311 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Fiber composites of raw renewable materials for the ecological lightweight designDue to their low density natural fibers have the potential to be outstanding reinforcements in lightweight structures. Since most natural fibers are hollow they also bear great potentials in offering an increased bending resistance and buckling strength.By imbedding natural fibers in organic polymers instead of in conventional petroleumbased polymers a unique completely renewable and if wanted biodegradable composite can be created. Structural components made up of this new composite material cannot only be recycled or burned (in this case even CO2-neutral), but also be reintegrated in the cycle of natural decomposition.Presently e.g. car door linings or instrument panels have no supporting function in the car structure. In the future generation of cars weight reduction can be achieved giving these elements reinforcing functions by integrating hollow natural fibers aligned in the main loading directions. Furthermore critical regions in therms of stiffness and strength where loads are applied, like e.g. fastenings for side airbags, can be realised in the the same material without addition of metals. This can also be achieved for any other application.In this paper the potential of hallow natural fibers for reinforcements of lightweight structures, the renewable and (if wanted) biodegradable composites and their application in technical constructions will be discussed.
    Notes: Naturfasern weisen aufgrund ihrer niedrigen Dichte ein hohes Leichtbaupotential auf. Da viele Naturfasern zudem auch hohl sind, kann dieses Potential hinsichtlich Biege-, Knick- und Beulsteifigkeit verstärkt genutzt werden.Werden Naturfasern statt in herkömmlichen Polymeren auf petrochemischer Basis in neuartigen Biopolymeren auf der Basis nachwachsender Rohstoffe zu Faserverbundwerkstoffen verarbeitet, so können entsprechende Strukturen sogar die Eigenschaft der Bioabbaubarkeit haben. D. h., Faserverbundbauteile könnten nicht nur rezykliert oder verbrannt (hier sogar CO2-neutral) werden, sondern bieten zusätzlich über die Kompostierung die Möglichkeit der geschlossenen Kreislaufwirtschaft.Während heute z. B. Türinnenverkleidungen oder Armaturenbretter im Fahrzeugbau im wesentlichen verkleidenden Charakter aufweisen, kann im Zuge konsequenten Leichtbaus für zukünftige Automobilgenerationen auch an mittragende Strukturen gedacht werden, indem gerichtet hohle Naturfasern in die Kraftpfade eingearbeitet werden. Zudem können auch steifigkeits- und festigkeitskritische Lasteinleitungen z. B. für die Aufnahme von (Seiten-) Airbags aus gleichem Material ohne zusätzliche Metallinserts realisiert werden. Gleiches läßt sich auch auf beliebige andere Ingenieursanwendungen übertragen.Im Rahmen des Aufsatzes soll über das Leichtbaupotential hohler Naturfasern, über nachwachsende und biologisch abbaubare Faserverbundwerkstoffe und deren Anwendung berichtet werden.
    Additional Material: 29 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 39-47 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The growth of the oxide protective layer on different Ni-Cr-Fe-alloys with variation of oxygen partial pressureHigh temperature alloys e.g. Incoloy 800 H, Hastelloy X and Ni75Cr25 model alloy are in-situ oxidized with variation potentials oxidation of PO2 = 4,41 × 10-19 bar, PO2 = 4,41 × 10-17 bar and PO2 = 176 × 10-16 bar by temperature, 800°. The behaviour of the scales which are oxidized at different oxidizing atmospheres has been investigated in this work, with deuterium permeation. The test of scales as corrosion barrier had been done in sulfidizing atmospheres with PS2 = 1,82 × 10-7 bar. The microstructure of the oxide layers has been investigated with Light Microscopy (LM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy (ATEM) and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). It is found that the deuterium permeation measurement can be correlated as a method for characterization corrosion layer at high temperature alloys. The structure of the oxide layer, the influence of sulfidizing atmospheres, additions of small amounts of reactive elements such as Ti before oxidation, the interface structure between oxide layers and matrix, as well as crystal defects and grain boundaries is explainable.
    Notes: Hochtemperaturlegieungen wie Incoloy 800 H, Hastelloy X und die pulvermetallurgisch hergestellte Modellegierung Ni-Cr/75-25 wurden mit ihren Oxiddeckschichten, die in verschiedenen Oxidationspotentialen mit Sauerstoffpartialdrucken von PO2 = 4.41 × 10-19 bis PO2 = 1.76 × 10-16 bar und bei einer Betriebstemperatur von T = 800° gewachsen sind, untersucht. Während der Oxidation wurde die Deuterium-Permeation gemessen. Gefügeuntersuchungen mit Hilfe der Lichtmikroskopie, der Rasterelektronenmikroskopie und vor allem der Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie unterstützen dabei die Aussagefähigkeit der Permeationsmessungen. Insbesondere werden Aufbau der Oxidschicht, der Einfluß von Schwefel, eine zusätzliche Titanbeschichtung vor der Oxidation, eine eventuell vorhandene Korngrenzenkorrosion und die Struktur der Grenzfläche Werkstoff-Oxidschicht vorgestellt und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 66a 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 72-76 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Although the characteristics of PVD coatings in research and development papers are very promising, in the field of tribology the industrial application of these coating types is restricted to special market segments up to now: the deposition of hard coatings is state of the art on tools, whereas PVD coated machine components are quite rare.This is caused by the coatings profile of properties, the various surroundings and the demands for application reliability. The last aspect is the main topic of this contribution. Reliability is especially important for machine components, because tools may fail after relative short life time compared to machine parts. Besides this tools and the corresponding production equipment are designed for fast tool replacement in contrast to other machines, which should work without standstill and with a minimum of maintenance.Characteristics of coated systems must be guaranteed in practice theory and laboratory experiments have to show what is possible. On the one hand reproduction of the deposition process must be guaranteed to enter application fields with high demands for reliability, on the other hand characterization of coated systems must be standardized with admissible deviations for communication between coaters and users. These aspects are important for decisions concerning the use of coating substrate systems in tribology besides the topics of technical function.The present investigation shows main reasons for deviations in results of PVD coatings.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 93-93 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A33 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 131-136 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einfluß der Substratstruktur auf das Erscheinungsbild von Lacken und die relevanten CharakterisierungsmethodenIn diesem Artikel werden die relevanten mechanischen und optischen Methoden (mech. Profilometrie, wave-scan, Autospect) zur Untersuchung der Oberflächenstruktur lackierter und unlackierter Proben vorgestellt. Im ersten Teil des Artikels werden die verschiedenen Methoden diskutiert und verglichen, während in einem zweiten Teil ein Beispiel bezüglich des Einflusses von Substratrauhigkeit und Einbrennposition auf die endgültige Decklackstruktur gezeigt wird. Ein dritter Teil präsentiert eine Studie an verformten und nicht-verformten Substraten verschiedenen Blech-Typs und den Effekt auf das Decklack-Erscheinungsbild. Zusätzlich wird ein Vergleich zwischen zwei Lacksystemen gegeben.
    Notes: In this paper the relevant mechanical and optical measuring methods (mech. Profilometry, wave-scan, Autospect) for studying the surface structure of painted and unpainted samples will be presented. The various methods were discussed and compared in the first part of the paper, while in a second part an example concerning the influence of substrate roughness and baking position on the final topcoat structure will be given. A third part presents a study on deformed and undeformed substrates of different sheet type and the effect on topcoat appearance. In addition, a comparison of two paint systems will be shown.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A45 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 163-169 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Near surface properties of Mg-alloy AZ 31 after mechanical surface treatmentsNear surface materials properties are investigated for Mg-alloy AZ 31 after different shot peening or deep rolling treatments resp. Surface topography as well as depth distributions of hardness, residual stresses and X-ray interference line half-width values are analysed for individual process parameters. In addition, stability of residual stress distributions during fatigue loading is investigated.
    Notes: Am Beispiel der Magnesiumbasislegierung AZ 31 wird gezeigt, welche randnahen Werkstoffzustände sich nach Kugelstrahl- bzw. Festwalzbehandlungen einstellen. Dazu werden die Oberflächentopographie sowie die Tiefenverteilungen der Härte, der Eigenspannungen und der Halbwertsbreiten von Röntgeninterferenzlinien nach Behandlungen mit unterschiedlichen Verfahrensparametern betrachtet. Außerdem wird die Stabilität der Eigenspannungszustände bei Schwingbeanspruchung an Luft untersucht.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 185-192 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Application of the Weakest-Link Model to the Fatigue Limit of the Steel SAE 52100 in a Bainitic ConditionThe influence of notches and loading condition on the fatigue limit of the high strength steel SAE 52100 is investigated on specimens with ground surfaces. The behaviour can be described quantitatively by a three-parametric high-cycle fatigue criterion and the weakest link model. This includes the possibility of calculating local and total survival probabilities depending on the nominal stress amplitude. Crack initiation sites and the fatigue limit can be predicted, too. The basic relation between the size distribution of crack initiating inclusions and the fracture probability was proved on push-pull specimens.
    Notes: As Proben des hochfesten Stahls 100Cr6 im bainitischen Zustand wird der Einfluß von Kerben und Belastungsart auf die Dauerfestigkeit aufgezeigt. Das Verhalten der Proben, die so geschliffen waren, daß an der Oberfläche Druckeigenspannungen vorlagen, kann mit einer räumlich darstellbaren Schwingfestigkeitshypothese und dem Fehlstellenmodell, angewandt auf Volumenfehler, quantitativ beschrieben werden. Hieraus ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, für jede Nennspannungsamplitude örtliche Bruchwahrscheinlichkeiten und Gesamtbruchwahrscheinlichkeiten sowie Anrißort und Dauerfestigkeit vorherzusagen. An ungekerbten Zug-Druck-Proben wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen der Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit und der Größenverteilung der bruchauslösenden Einschlüsse nachgewiesen.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 238-238 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Crack Initiation Life Prediction Method for Arbitrary Multiaxial Stresses Based on continuous Damage EvaluationA consideration of arbitrary proportional and non-proportional multiaxial fatigue stresses in the finite life range in crack initiation life predication methods causes still considerable difficulties. In the present investigation a new method has been developed, which led to promissing results as it was applied to a mean stress sensitive high strength aluminium alloy. The new method considers the incremental plastic work that accumulates at each point of a speciman or component which is represented by elastic plastic FEM. In contrast to conventional predication methods the new methods accounts for the instantaneous mean stresses of the stress path in the stress space. From viewpoint of practical application the new method offers advantages because it does not require a definition of damage events like closed hysteresis loops under uniaxial conditions and does not need a special algorithm for the damage events.
    Notes: Das Problem der Anrißlebensdauervorhersage bei beliebigen proportionalen und nicht-proportionalen mehrachsigen Schwingbeanspruchungen im Zeitfestigkeitsbereich ist immer noch nicht befriedigend gelöst. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine neue Methode vorgeschlagen, mit der an hochfesten mittelspannungsempfindlichen Aluminiumlegierungen positive Ergebnisse erzielt wurden. Diese Methode benutzt die plastische Arbeit, die in jedem Punkt eines mittels der elastisch-plastischen FE-Methode dargestellten Prüfkörpers während der mehrachsigen schwingbelastunginkrementell akkumuliert wird, als Indikator für die auftretende Ermüdungsschädigung. Eine neue Formulierung berücksichtigt zusätzlich die momentane Mittelspannungen. Aus Anwendersicht ist die vorgeschlagene Methode vorteilhaft, weil besondere ermüdungsbezogene Beanspruchungsereignisse, wie z. B. geschlossene Hystereseschleifen, nicht definiert und „gezählt“ werden müssen.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 253-253 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 258-262 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Strength of Materials in Case of Mechanical ImpactThe resistance of materials to mechanical impact was investigated in the context of safety of guards used in machine tools. Such guards are meant to protect persons from injuries caused by parts which, in the case of technical failure, are projected at high speeds out of the work zone of the machine. Impact tests with blunt, cylindrical projectiles were carried out on steel and aluminium sheets and on polycarbonate and polymethylmetacrylate shields. The measure of impact strength was the ultimate projectile energy which could be applied to the specimen without causing perforation. The impact strength of new 8-mm-polycarbonate shields turned out to be approximately comparable to that of 3-mm-steel sheets St 12.03. Polycarbonate, however, when it is exposed to cooling lubricants as they are used in machining processes, suffers from a strong reduction of its impact strength. In the tests, there was good proportionality between the impact strength of the materials and their thickness, ultimate tensile strength and fracture elongation. In addition, the impact strength increased as the projectile diameter got bigger.
    Notes: Die Festigkeit von Werkstoffen bei Aufprallbeanspruchungen wurde im Hinblick auf deren Verwendung für trennende Schutzeinrichtungen an Werkzeugmaschinen ermittelt. Solche Schutzeinrichtungen sollen Personen vor Verletzungen durch Teile schützen, die im Versagensfall mit hoher Geschwindigkeit aus dem Arbeitsraum der Maschine fortgeschleudert werden. Durch Beschußversuche mit stumpfen, zylindrischen Stahlprojektilen wurde das verhalten von Stahl- und Aluminiumblechen sowie Polycarbonat- und Polymethylmetacrylat-Scheiben bei Aufprallbeanspruchungen untersucht. Als Maß für die Aufprallfestigkeit diente dabei diejenige Geschoßenergie, bei der gerade noch kein Durchriß in den Prüfmustern auftrat. Im Neuzustand entsprach die Aufprallfestigkeit von 8 mm dickem Polycarbonat in etwa derjenigen von 3 mm dickem Stahlblech St 12.03. Unter dem Einfluß von Kühlschmierstoffen, wie sie in der spanenden Fertigung verwendet werden, kann bei Polycarbonat jedoch eine deutliche Minderung der Aufprallfestigkeit eintreten. Die Aufprallfestigkeit der untersuchten Werkstoffe nahm unter den gewählten Versuchsbedingungen in guter Näherung proportional mit der Dicke, der Zugfestigkeit und der Bruchdehnung zu. Darüber hinaus hatte eine Vergrößerung des Geschoßdurchmessers eine Erhöhung der Aufprallfestigkeit zur Folge.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 270-276 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Assessment of the influence of residual and mean stresses on the fatigue limit of a quenched and tempered low alloyed steelThe effect of mean and residual stresses on the fatigue limit of steels is known qualitatively since a long time. The quantitative description of the effect of residual stresses seems yet not sufficiently solved since the special characteristics of residual stresses like instability during loading, multiaxiality, strong gradients and occasionally great differences between surface and volume are not totally considered by the known methods. An application of different concepts for the assessment of residual and mean stresses on the fatigue limit of a quenched and tempered low alloyed steel is presented. If the applied concept takes account of the characteristics of residual stresses it is not necessary to distinguish between residual and mean stress sensitivity.
    Notes: Seit langem ist die qualitative Wirkung von Mittel- und Eigenspannungen auf die Dauerfestigkeit von Stählen bekannt. Die quantitative Beschreibung der Wirkung der Eigenspannungen erscheint jedoch unzureichend, da die Besonderheiten des Eigenspannungszustandes wie Nichtstabilität während der Belastung, Mehrachsigkeit, starke Gradienten sowie gelegentliche große Unterschiede zwischen Oberfläche und Volumen in den gängigen Konzepten nicht berücksichtigt werden. Es werden Untersuchungen zur Dauerfestigkeit eines vergüteten Stahls vorgestellt, auf die verschiedene Konzepte zur Bewertung von Eigen- und Mittelspannungen angewandt werden. Hierbei zeigt sich, daß auf die Unterscheidung zwischen Eigenspannungs- und Mittelspannungsempfindlichkeit verzichtet werden kann, wenn das Bewertungskonzept die oben genannten Charakteristika der Eigenspannungen berücksichtigt.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A77 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 281-291 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Investigation of Laser Beam Joining Properties for Eye Glass Frame ManufactureIn the production of high-grade eye glass frames of stainless steel increase the application of laserbeam joining technology in comparison to conventional processes. In a study it should be established, with which process (brazing or welding), the practical requirements of eye glass frames could be realized. Profiles made of Cr-Ni-steel which are used in practice due to their corrosion resistance, were joined with laser beam. To characterize the properties of joints, the quality of specimens were tested concerning mechanical properties (hardness, strength, ductility) and structural constitution. In relation to the requirement of good ductility of the joints, it was possible to proof the advantages of the welded samples.
    Notes: Bei der Fertigung von hochwertigen Brillengestellen aus nichtrostenden Stählen gewinnt der Einsatz der Laserstrahlfügeverfahren im Vergleich zu konventionellen Verfahren zunehmend an Bedeutung. Im Rahmen einer Studie sollte festgestellt werden, welches der beiden Verfahren Löten und Schweißen die in der Praxis gestellten Anforderungen an Brillengestelle besser erfüllt. Hierzu wurden Profile aus Cr-Ni-Stahl, wie sie in der Praxis wegen ihrer besonderen Langzeitstabilität gegenüber Korrosion eingesetzt werden, mittels Laserstrahl gefügt. Zur Charakterisierung der metallurgischen Eigenschaften der Fügeverbindungen wurden die Qualitätsmerkmale der Proben hinsichtlich mechanischer Eigenschaften (Härte, Festigkeit und Verformbarkeit) sowie die Gefügeausbildung untersucht. Im Hinblick auf die geforderte gute Verformbarkeit der Verbindungen konnte für die geschweißten Proben ein Vorteil gegenüber dem Laserstrahllöten nachgewiesen werden.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998) 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A86 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 694-696 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Characterization of the Fatigue of Cyclically Loaded Welded Joints by X-Ray Diffraction and Micromagnetic TestingThe fatigue behaviour of welded Joints is influenced by the state of the material, its microstructure and residual stresses. By means of the micromagnetic Barkhausen-noise testing method in connection with x-ray diffraction the behaviour of cyclically loaded welded joints of the steel S355 is investigated. Proved by the results of the present investigations, the macro-and micro-residual stresses, micromagnetic and strain characteristic values are strongly connected with each other. Plastic deformations in the HAZ and base material during cyclic loading were identifies by a significant relaxation of the micro-residual stresses and a characteristic change in the micro-residual stresses determined by X-ray profile analysis. Analogous to the growing plastic strain amplitude an advancing damage process in the material is accompained by a significant change in the micromagnetic parameters. As a conclusion the micromagnetic testing method can be suited for the identification of fatigue processes in the material before a final damager of the specimen.
    Notes: Das Ermüdungsverhalten von Schweißnähten wird durch den Werkstoffzustand, die Gefüge-und Mikrostruktur und Eigenspannungen beeinflußt. Mit Hilfe des mikromagnetischen Meßverfahrens in Verbindung mit röntgenographischen Verfahren wurde das Werkstoffverhalten von zyklisch beanspruchten Schweißnähten des Baustahls S355 mit der Absicht einer Restlebensdauervorhersage untersucht. Die Vorliegenden Ergebnisse bestätigen die Auffassung, daß hierbei Makro- und Mikroeigenspannungen, magnetische Kennwerte und Dehnungskennwerte eng miteinander verknüpft sind. Die bei zyklischer Beanspruchung mit hinreichen großen Spannungsamplituden in Naht, WEZ und Grundwerkstoff eintretenden mikostrukturellen Veränderungen kamen einerseits in starken Veränderungen der Makroeigenspannungen zum Ausdruck und in Bereichen stärkerer Plastizierungen auch in Veränderungen der Mikroeigenspannungen, die sich aus der Röntgeninterferenzlinien-Profilanalyse ergaben. Andererseits waren die Mikrostrukturänderungen schon frühzeitig im Verlauf der zyklischen Beanspruchungen anhand z.T. sehr ausgeprägter Veränderungen der mikromagnetischen Kennwerte nachweisbar. Diese Ergebnisse lassen erwarten, daß sich die mit den mikrostrukturellen Werkstoffveränderungen verknüpfte fortschreitende Schädigung bis zur Entstehung von Makrorissen mit Hilfe des mikromagnetischen Meßverfahrens nachweisen läßt und so Aussagen über den Ermüdungszustand schwingbeanspruchter Bauteile möglich werden.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 735-735 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 737-738 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 450-450 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 459-465 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Plasma sensor measurement in pulsed PACVD-PlasmasIn order to measure local plasma parameters as electron and ion density, electron and ion temperature or plasma potential of inert plasmas Langmuir sensors are used. In practical applications Langmuir sensors showed significant sensor signs when the sensor surface was modified by coatings or pollution [5 - 16]. This effect will be utilized to measure important coating plasma parameters. Putting the Langmuir electrode to the same coating conditions as the charge will offer information of the progress of the PACVD process.The use of the sensor should especially show events or conditions which conduct to local or generally bad technological coating properties. So in the early stages of coating development the quality can be recognized and possibly corrected or avoided by variation of the process parameters. Sensor controled processing of PACVD-technic will lead to better coating quality and will increase the reproduceability.
    Notes: Langmuirsonden werden seit langem als grundlegendes Plasmadiagnosesystem zur Bestimmung lokaler Plasmaparameter wie Elektronen- und Ionendichte, Elektronentemperatur oder Plasmapotential benutzt. Die Erfahrungen mit Langmuirsonden haben gezeigt, daß Modifikationen der Sondenoberfläche durch Verunreinigungen oder durch Beschichtung zu signifikanten Veränderungen im Sondensignal führen können [5 - 16].Durch den Einsatz dieses Sensors sollen insbesondere jene Vorgänge, die zu einer lokalen oder generellen Verschlechterung der technologischen Schichteigenschaften führen, bereits in der Phase der Schichtentstehung erkannt und durch Variation der Prozeßparameter während der Schichtabscheidung vermieden werden. Eine solche sensorkontrollierte Prozeßsteuerung könnte den industriellen Einsatz der PACVD-Technik auf eine breitere Basis stellen, da die gewünschten technologischen Schichteigenschaften bereits während des Prozesses über eine geeignete Prozeßführung beeinflußt werden können.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Surface engineering of light weight materials with ion- and plasma-assisted methodsIncreasing applications of light weight materials are expected in the future. Pursuing this trend surface engineering of these materials - especially ion- and plasma-assisted methods - swill be of increasing interest to enhance their wear and corrosion resistance. In a research co-operation some promising methods were examined on different aluminium and titanium alloys to assess their potential to increase the surface properties. Among these were magnetron sputtering of chromium nitride, ion beam assisted deposition of Cr/CrN and Al/A2O3 layers, ion implantation and ion beam assisted nitriding. Compared to the steel substrates the assessment of the mechanical properties such as the critical load of the scratch test of the coated light weight materials is different. Furthermore, it could be shown that both spherical section and glow discharge optical spectroscopy are useful methods to characterize the near-surface zone influenced by ion implantation.
    Notes: Es ist zu erwarten, daß die Anwendungsbreite von Leichtmetall-legierungen in Zukunft noch steigen wird. Mit diesem Trend werden auch oberflächentechnische Methoden - insbesondere ionen- und plasmaunterstützte Verfahren - gefragt sein, um den Verschleiß- und Korrosionswiderstand der Oberflächen zu verbessern. Im Rahmen eines Verbundprojektes wurden verschiedene aussichtsreiche Verfahren untersucht, um ihr Potential zur Verbesserung der Oberflächeneigenschaften von Aluminium- und Titanlegierungen einschätzen zu können. Hierunter befanden sich das Magnetronsputtern von Chromnitrid, die ionenstrahluntersützte Abscheidung von Cr/CrN- und Al/A2O3Schichten, die Ionenimplantation und das Ionenstrahlnitrieren. Im Vergleich mit beschichteten Stahlsubstraten ergeben sich Unterschiede bei der Einschätzung wichtiger mechanischer Eigenschaften, wie der im Ritztest ermittelten kritischen Last. Weiterhin konnte gezeigt werden daß sowohl der Kalottenschliff als auch die Glimmentladungspektroskopie gut geeignet sind, die durch Ionenimplantation beeinflußte Randzone zu charakterisieren.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A113 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A115 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 573-587 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Quaternary Ceramics in the System Si/B/N/C from Polymeric Carbamid Acid DerivativesSolid polymeric materials can be formed through reaction of the single-source precursor trichlorosilyl-amino-dichloroborane (TADB) with derivatives of carbamic or formic acid. Pyrolysis of these polymers at 1500 °C results in ceramic materials of the composition SiBN2.3Cx with X = 0.4 - 2.5. The high-temperature and oxidation behaviours of the ceramics depend on the starting polymer. The ceramic networks consist of tetrahedrally coordinated silicon and trigonally planar coordinated boron. They are homogeneous with respect to the elemental distribution, and remain in the amorphous state up to at least 1500°C.
    Notes: Aus dem molekularen Einkomponentenvorläufer Trichlorsilyl-amino-dichlorboran (TADB) können durch Umsetzung mit Derivaten der Carbamid- bzw. Ameisensäure polymere Feststoffe gewonnen werden. Durch Pyrolyse dieser Polymere bei 1500 °C erhält man keramische Materialien der Zusammensetzung SiBN2,3Cx mit X = 0,4-2,5. Hochtemperatur- und Oxidationsverhalten der Keramiken sind je nach Ausgangspolymer sehr unterschiedlich. Die keramischen Netzwerke bestehen aus tetraedrisch koordiniertem Silicium und trigonal-planar koordiniertem Bor, sind bezüglich der Elementverteilung homogen und bleiben bis mindestens 1500 °C amorph.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 23-29 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: New Sol-Gel Based Coatings as Corrosion- and Wear-Protection On Non-Ferrous MetalsA new composite coating material has been developed for the protection of non-ferrous alloys (e.g. aluminum, magnesium, zinc and brass). The coating materials were prepared by the solgel process from epoxyalkoxysilanes and aromatic diols to act as crosslinking agents. As solvent, alcohols and glycol ethers have been used.The viscosity of the system (7-55 mPas) was established in a way to be used in spray, dip or flow coating processes. The transparent coatings were cured at T = 100-220°C. In corrosion tests, 3000 hours salt-spray climate and 240 hours CASS-test = Copper chloride and Acetic acid added Salt Spray, no infiltration of the metal-coating interface and no „filiform-corrosion“ on A199.5, AlMg3 and AlMgSil was observed. Brass samples showed less than 4 mm extension of a scribe after 500 hours salt-spray-test. The coatings showed no visible traces of abrasion after 1000 cycles taber abrader test and an excellent adhesion (cross cut and tape-test: grade 0). The transparent basic systems were pigmented by 5 - 10 wt.% of colored organic pigments to obtain all kind of colored coatings.
    Notes: Es wurde ein neuer Beschichtungswerkstoff auf Basis von anorganisch-organischen Kompositen zum Schutz von Metalloberflächen, besonders von Aluminium entwickelt. Das Beschichtungsmaterial wurde über den Sol-Gel-Prozeß synthetisiert, ausgehend von Epoxy-funktionalisierten Alkoxysilanen und aromatischen Diolen als Quervernetzer. Als Lösungsmittel wurden Alkohole und Glykolether verwendet.Die Viskosität der Systeme wurde so eingestellt, daß sowohl Sprüh-, als auch Tauch- und Flut-Beschichtungen durchgeführt werden konnten. Sie lag zwischen 7 und 55 mPas. Nach dem thermischen Verdichtungsprozeß bei 100-220°C wurden transparente Beschichtungen mit ausgezeichneter Haftung auf Al-Mg-, Zn-und Messing-Oberflächen (Gitterschnitt- und Tape-Test: Klasse 0) erhalten. Die Korrosionsfestigkeit beschichteter Aluminiumlegierungen (Al 99.5, AlMg3, AlMgSi I) wurde mit dem Salzsprühverfahren (DIN 50021) und dem CASS-Test (NaCl, CuCl2·2H2O, Essigsäure, pH=3) geprüft und auch nach 3000 Stunden trat keine Unterwanderung der Grenzfläche Metall / Schicht auf. Ebenso wurde keine „Filiform“-Korrosion beobachtet. Messingproben zeigten nach 500 h Salzsprühnebel-Test weniger als 4 mm mittlere Unterwanderungsbreite. Darüber hinaus wurde die Abriebbeständigkeit der Proben überprüft. Die Schichten zeigten keine sichtbare Beschädigung nach Prüfung des Abriebes mit dem Reibradverfahren (1000 Zyklen, Räder: CS 10-F).Es konnten stabile Dispersionen von organischen Farbpigmenten im transparenten Basissystem hergestellt werden, wodurch eine große Vielfalt farbiger Beschichtungen erhalten wurde.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A19 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. A20 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 56-56 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 66-71 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Elektrochemische Untersuchungen an mittels ionenstrahlunterstützter Beschichtung (IBAD) abgeschiedenen Schichten mit der „Scanning-Electro-chemical-Microelectrode“In diesem Beitrag wird die Anwendung einer neueren elektrochemischen Methode, der Scanning-Electrochemical Microelectrode (SEME), am Beispiel der Charakterisierung dünner ionenstrahlunterstützter Beschichtungen (IBAD) vorgestellt. Der Trend bei der Entwicklung korrosionschützender dünner Beschichtungen führt zu kombinierten Mehrfach-Schichtsystemen, die bei geringerer Schichtdicke technisch etablierte Verfahren ersetzen Könnten. Aufgrund der geringen Schichtdicke können Verunreinigungen oder Schichtfehler das Korrosionsschutzvermögen erheblich beeinflussen. Die SEME, für die eine Anlage aufgebaut wurde, steht eine geeignete Methode zur Detektion dieser Schichtfehler dar. Die Funktionsweise beruht im wesentlichen auf Potential- und Stromdichte-Messungen, wobei wegen der lateralen Auflösung von ca. 20 μm Potentiale bzw. Stromdichten lokal gemessen werden können. 2-dimensionale Scans führen zu einem elektrochemischen Abbild der Oberfläche. Die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Methode wird im vorliegenden Artikel am Beispiel von Al/Al2O3 Schichtsystemen auf CK45 demonstriert, wobei die großflächige und lokale elektrochemische Information verglichen werden.
    Notes: In this contribution the application of a modern technique-scanning electrochemical microelectrode - for the evaluation of thin films which were deposited (IBAD) is illustrated. New tendencies in the development of thin films with anticorrosive purpose lead to the development of multi-layer systems acting similar to those commonly, applied in the industry, however, being much thinner. Imperfections and defects are commonly introduced in the coating during the deposition process, and these affect the anticorrosive properties of the film. In order to make a local electrochemical study of these multi-layer systems we have developed equipment in order to perform electrochemical surface-scans (potential and current density) on the basis of a microelectrode with a good lateral resolution (approximately 20 μm). Al-Al2O3 multilayers on steel substrates with differently designed interfaces were investigated to show the variation of uniform and local electrochemical information obtained in dependence on the coating deposition parameters.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ceramic Coatings on Light Metals by Plasmachemical TreatmentMagnesium materials are more often used in the motor industries. The specific properties of the material are described.A new surface treatment - Magoxid-Coat - for improved wear and corrosion resistance is introduced.Examples for applications are given.
    Notes: Magnesiumwerkstoffe werden immer mehr in der Industrie insbesondere in der Automobilindustrie eingesetzt.Die spezifischen Eigenschaften dieses Materials werden beschrieben. Ein neues Verfahren zur Oberflächenbeschichtung -Magoxid-Coat-zur Verbesserung des Korrosions- und Verschleißschutzes der Magnesiumwerkstoffe wird vorgestellt.Beispiele für Anwendungen werden gegeben.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...