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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: Summaries of long-term current, temperature and pressure measurements from moored instruments in the western Pacific Ocean (ranging from 152°W to 165°E longitude and 31° to 41°N latitude) are presented. There were two consecutive settings of instruments, referred to as zonal I and zonal II, each spanning a one-year interval. There were, for the first time, 2 two-year mooring deployments, which were successful. Tables, plots and statistics include filtered and unfiltered data, as well as merged and single setting data. The objective of the experiment was to define the basic properties of the low frequency variability in the mid-latitude North Pacific.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract Numbers N00014-76-C-0197, NR 083-400 and N00014-84-C-0134, NR 083-400.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents -- North Pacific Ocean ; Ocean temperature -- North Pacific Ocean
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 2
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution has been using deepsea moored buoys for acquiring serial observations of ocean currents, temperature .and other data for over twelve years. A brief description of the deep-sea mooring program is given. The mooring statistics and performance are described. Mooring failures of 1970 and 1971 have been categorized and statistics on the modes and causes of failures are presented. The reliabilities of different types of moorings are computed and compared. The role of radio telemetry for the real-time measurement of mooring line tension and its use in checking the mooring status are discussed. Examples of potential design data like tension and currents recorded by moorings that failed are provided. Finally, recommendations for research and development needed to improve mooring reliability are given.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of NavaZ Research under Contract N00014-66-C024lj NR 083-004.
    Keywords: Oceanographic buoys ; Deep-sea moorings
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 3
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Data from 399 moored stations established over the years 1967 through 1978 have been analyzed with reference to fishbite. Fishbite appears to have been a significant hazard as it was found in 22% of the lines placed within 40 degrees of the equator and where parts of the lines were at 2000 meters depth or less. Latitude, depth of water, and distance of mooring components beneath the surface were found to be correlated with incidence of fishbite; duration of a mooring was not.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-76-C-0197; NR 083-400 and the National Data Buoy Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Contract NA-79-QA-A-00475.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean engineering
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 4
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Leg VI of CHAIN 112 was scheduled from 24 June to 9 July, St. Georges, Bermuda to Woods Hole. The original plans called for the following work: Recovery of sixteen intermediate moorings at the MODE site (28° N., 69° 40'W.) Recovery of three subsurface moorings in the MODE area for the University of Rhode Island. Launching of two new intermediate moorings at the MODE site. Bathymetric and meteorological observations in the MODE area. Bathymetry at Site D. Acoustic checks of three intermediate moorings at Site D. CTDs at each mooring recovery and setting
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-66-C0241; NR 083-004.
    Keywords: Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE) ; Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents ; Chain (Ship : 1958-) Cruise CH112
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: From the introduction: The Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment was a long-term multi-institution effort to investigate meso-scale motions in the western North Atlantic Ocean. The Moored Array Project (Buoy Group) of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution participated with a series of moorings to measure both currents and temperatures. The main field experiment for MODE was scheduled for March to July, 1973.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-?4-C0262; NR 083-004 and NSF GX-29054.
    Keywords: Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE) ; Oceanographic buoys ; Deep-sea moorings
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Summaries are presented of basic current, temperature and pressure measurements which were made from moored instruments as a part of the Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE) which took place March to July 1973. Current data are presented as Basic Statistics, Spectral Diagrams , Progressive Vector Diagrams, East vs. North Plots, and Variables vs . Time Plots.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contracts N00014-66-C-0241; NR 083-004 and N00014-76-C-0197; NR 083-400.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents ; Ocean temperature ; Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE)
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of designing, building, and deploying a large, stable, multileg, deep ocean cable array with a service life of at least five years, and to assess the cost of such an array. The study first defines the essential desirable features of the array. It then briefly describes a number of candidate configurations which can meet these requirements, pointing out their advantages and disadvantages. The study then undertakes an array comparative stability analysis. The Fortran computer program DESADE was used to perform this comprehensive study. Current induced displacements and stress levels of simple and complex arrays were computed using this program. The results thus obtained greatly helped quantify their relative merit . Based on this analysis and on the array requirements previously defined a candidate array is selected for preliminary design. This design essentially consists of the rational selection of type, size, and materials for the buoys, cables, and anchors of the prototype array . Safety factors compatible with the five years life expectancy arc confirmed by additional computer runs, using operational and survival current conditions. The successful deployment and practical servicing of a deep sea implanted array require careful planning and detailed preparation. The next phase of this study is to outline a deployment scenario, and to indicate the different methods for servicing the array. Power sources and methods of data retrieval are considered. Use of manned and unmanned submersibles is contemplated . The last phase of the study is an estimate of the cost of the prototype array components. The report concludes that such an array is feasible, that it can be implanted with a high expectation of reliability and that it can be a safe and stable structure from which to conduct divers novel and useful scientific experiments.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N000 14-79-C-0894.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Oceanographic buoys ; Cables
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 8
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Buoy Group's field work for the international POLYMODE program consisted of deployment and recovery of seventy of the seventy- eight program moorings on eight research cruises. The mooring program consisted of four distinct experiments conducted from June of 1974 to November of 1979. A brief description of the arrays is provided, the mooring design process for a typical POLYMODE mooring is explained, and brief summaries are given of the WHO! deployment and recovery cruises. Appendix I is a schematic presentation of the chronological mooring history; Appendix Il lists details of the seventy WHO! moorings deployed in the POLYMUDE program and Appendix II I lists details of other WHOI moorings that may be of interest to investigators .
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contracts N00014-66-C-0241; NR 083-004; N00014-74-C-0262; NR 083- 004, N00014-76-C-0197; NR 083-400 and the Office for the International Decade of Ocean Exploration of the National Science Foundation under Grants GX-29054, OCE 75-03962 and OCE-77-19403.
    Keywords: Joint US-USSR Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (POLYMODE) ; Deep-sea moorings ; Oceanographic instruments
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The report presents summaries of three data sets taken at and in the vicinity of the oceanographic moorings deployed in the 1978 Joint Air-Sea Inte raction Project (JASIN). The data sets are: (1) the temperature, pressure and vertical motion records from the freely drifting Vertical Current Meters (VCMs) deployed from the ATLANTIS II, (2) the temperature data from the Aanderaa thermistor chains on W.H.O.I. mooring 653, designated as JASIN mooring W3, and (3) the expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data collected from the ATLANTIS II while participating in the JASIN Project.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-76-C-0197; NR 083- 400 and for the National Science Foundation under Grant OCE 77-25803 .
    Keywords: Joint Air-Sea Interaction Project ; Ocean temperature ; Ocean currents ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Deep-sea moorings ; Atlantis II (Ship : 1963-) Cruise AII102
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 10
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The W.H.O.I. portion of the MODE I array was to be installed on the first two legs of CHAIN 112, along with other work to be done at Site D. The original schedule called for the ship to leave Woods Hole on the 6th of March and return on the 20th. After a two-day layover in Woods Hole, Leg II was scheduled for 22 March through 2 April, terminating in Bermuda. Objectives of the cruises were: Setting of sixteen intermediate moorings and one surface mooring at the MODE Site (centered at 28° N., 69° 40'W.). Recovery of two MODE-Site maintenance moorings. Recovery of three intermediate moorings in the vicinity of Site D (39° 10'N., 70°00'W.). Setting of three new intermediate moorings at Site D. These were to be set by a faking-box technique, rather than the conventional method. CTDs at each new mooring. Bathymetry and meteorological observations. Gravity section, Woods Hole to MODE area and return
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-66-C0241; NR 083-004.
    Keywords: Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (MODE) ; Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents ; Chain (Ship : 1958-) Cruise CH112
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 11
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-66-C0241; NR 083-004
    Keywords: Joint US-USSR Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (POLYMODE) ; Ocean currents ; Deep-sea moorings ; Chain (Ship : 1958-) Cruise CH116
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Frontal Air-Sea Interaction Experiment (FASINEX) was a study of the response of the upper ocean to atmospheric forcing in the vicinity of an oceanic front in the subtropical convergence zone southwest of Bermuda, the response of the lower atmosphere in that vicinity to the oceanic front, and the associated two-way interaction between ocean and atmosphere. FASINEX began in the winter (January 1986) , concluded in the early summer (June 1986) and included an intensive period in February and March. The experiment took place in the vicinity of 27°N, 70°W where sea-surface-temperature fronts are climatologically common. Measurements were made from buoys, ships, aircraft and spacecraft. This report summarizes the shipboard work done on R/V OCEANUS and R/V ENDEAVOR during Phase Two, the dual ship/multi-aircraft measurement period. The two ships worked individually, jointly and as ground truth for the aircraft during the month. Each ship carried specialized instrumentation for measuring oceanographic and meteorological parameters. Information describing the sampling strategy, station positions and times are included. This report contains summaries of the data collected and some preliminary results.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract No. N00014-84-C-0134, NR 083-400.
    Keywords: Frontal Air-Sea Interaction Experiment (FASINEX) ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Deep-sea moorings ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC175 ; Endeavor (Ship: 1976-) Cruise EN141
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Frontal Air-Sea Interaction Experiment (FASINEX) was a study of the response of the upper ocean to atmospheric forcing in the vicinity of an oceanic front in the subtropical convergence zone southwest of Bermuda, the response of the lower atmosphere in that vicinity to the oceanic front, and the associated two-way interaction between ocean and atmosphere. FASINEX began in the winter (January 1986) , concluded in the early summer (June 1986) and included an intensive period in February and March. The experiment took place in the vicinity of 27°N, 70°W where sea-surface-temperature fronts are climatologically common. Measurements were made from buoys, ships, aircraft and spacecraft. This report summarizes the mooring deployment and recovery cruises. FASINEX Phase One, the deployment cruise, located a frontal feature, mapped it and set an array of surface and Profiling Current Meters moorings across the front. Phase Three, the recovery cruise returned to the FASINEX area to retrieve the instrumentation that had been on station for six months. Additional measurements were made in the frontal region during these cruises. The activities carried out and the underway data collected on these two cruises, details of the moored array and a preliminary statement of the data return from the array, and the data telemetered from the moored array via ARGOS are summarized in this report.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract No. N00014-84-C-0134, NR 083-400.
    Keywords: Frontal Air-Sea Interaction Experiment (FASINEX) ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Deep-sea moorings ; Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN123 ; Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN119
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Long-Term Upper Ocean Study (LOTUS) was a two-year field experiment near 34°N, 70°W, designed to acquire a continuous set of measurements of currents and temperatures in the upper, open ocean together with local hydrography, meteorology, and mesoscale oceanographic features. The first scientific moorings were deployed in May 1982. The first year of mooring data, from May 1982-April 1983, is presented by Tarbell, Pennington and Briscoe (1984, W.H.O.I. Tech. Rept. 84-36). The second year of mooring data, from April 1983-May 1984, when the final mooring recovery occurred, is presented here.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract Nos. N00014-76-C-0197, NR 083-400, and N00014-84-C-0134, NR 083-400.
    Keywords: Long Term Upper Ocean Study (LOTUS) ; Ocean temperature ; Ocean currents ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Deep-sea moorings
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Summaries of current and temperature measurements from three moorings in the 1978 Joint Air-Sea Interaction Project . (JASIN) are presented; the moorings are WHOI/JASIN numbers 651/Wl, 652/W2, and 653/W3. The instruments were either Vector Averaging Current Meters (VACM), Scripps Institution of Oceanography Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCM) , or Neil Brown Acoustic Current Meters (ACM). Displays include time series, histograms, progressive vector diagrams, scatter plots, and spectra; statistics are given for the entire deployment period (some 40 days) and for each 5-day segment. Additional measurements include pressure and vertical temperature gradient. Wind records and other meteorological observations from one of the moorings are given, as well as partial wind records from another JASIN mooring (H2) .
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-76-C-0197; NR 083-400 to the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and Contract N00014-75-C-0152; NR 083-005 to Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and for the National Science Foundation under Grant OCE 77- 25803 .
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents ; Ocean temperature ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This report presents current and wind data from the first of three surface mooring deployments in the Atlantic North Equatorial Countercurrent near 6°N and 28°W. A Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR) measured wind velocity, sea surface temperature and air temperature, barometric pressure and solar insolation. Four Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCM) measured current velocity and temperature at depths of 20, 50, 75 and 150m. The mooring was deployed on February 25 and recovered (and replaced) on September 13, 1983 .
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grants OCE82-17112 and OCE82-11108.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents ; Ocean temperature
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This report presents current and wind data from the second of three surface mooring deployments in the Atlantic North Equatorial Countercurrent near 6°N and 28°W. A Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR) measured wind velocity, sea surface temperature, air temperature, barometric pressure and solar insolation. Four Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCM) measured current velocity and temperature at depths of 20, 50, 75 and 150 m. The mooring was deployed on September 12,1983 and recovered (and replaced) on March 24,1984.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grants OCE82-17112 and OCE82-11108.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents ; Ocean temperature
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Summaries of wind and current measurements made with wind recorders and current meters by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution during the year 1968 are presented. Averaged quantities are presented in computer-generated output as basic statistics, spectra diagrams, progressive vector diagrams, and east-north component plots.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-66-C0262; NR 083-004.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents ; Ocean temperature ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Crawford (Ship) Cruise 167 ; Atlantis II (Ship : 1963-) Cruise AII46 ; Atlantis II (Ship : 1963-) Cruise AII44 ; Gosnold (Ship : 1962-1973) Cruise 139 ; Chain (Ship : 1958-) Cruise CH86 ; Chain (Ship : 1958-) Cruise CH90 ; Chain (Ship : 1958-) Cruise CH92
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Summaries of wind and current measurements made with current meters and wind recorders by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution during June, July and August of 1970 are presented. Averaged quantities are presented in computer-generated output as basic statistics, spectra, demodulation plots, progressive vector diagrams, and east-north component plots.
    Description: This work is funded by the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-66-C024l NR 083-004.
    Keywords: Moored arrays ; Deep-sea moorings ; Wind observations
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Originally issued as Reference No. 71-50, series later renamed WHOI-.
    Description: Summaries of wind and current measurements made with current· meters and wind recorders by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution during the year 1966 are presented. Averaged quantities are presented in computer generated output as histograms, basic statistics, spectra, progressive vector diagrams, and east-north component plots.
    Description: Supported by the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-66-C0241; NR 083-004.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Winds ; Ocean currents ; Atlantis II (Ship : 1963-) Cruise AII18 ; Chain (Ship : 1958-) Cruise CH56B ; Chain (Ship : 1958-) Cruise CH57 ; Crawford (Ship) Cruise 139 ; Crawford (Ship) Cruise 140 ; Crawford (Ship) Cruise 143 ; Atlantis II (Ship : 1963-) Cruise AII25 ; Atlantis II (Ship : 1963-) Cruise AII27 ; Atlantis II (Ship : 1963-) Cruise AII29
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 21
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: LOTUS was a two-year experiment near 34°N, 70°W, designed to acquire and analyse a continuous set of measurements of currents and temperatures in the upper, open ocean together with local hydrography, meteorology, and mesoscale oceanographic features. The first scientific moorings were deployed in May 1982. The first year of mooring data, from May 1982- April 1983, is presented here.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contracts No. N00014-76-C-0197, NR 083-400 and N00014-84-C-0134, NR 083-400.
    Keywords: Long Term Upper Ocean Study (LOTUS) ; Ocean temperature ; Ocean currents ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Deep-sea moorings
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 22
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This third and final report presents current and wind data from a three part mooring deployment in the Atlantic North Equatorial Countercurrent near 6°N and 28°W. A Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR) measured wind velocity, sea surface temperature, air temperature, barometric pressure and solar insolation. Four Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCM) measured current velocity and temperature at depths of 20, 75, 150, and 300m. The mooring was deployed on March 26, 1984 and recovered on October 12, 1984.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under grants OCE 82-17112 and OCE 82-11108.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Ocean currents ; Ocean temperature
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 23
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This interim report describes the development and testing of the R-TEAM system from the initial concept studies to the actual deployment and recovery of a working prototype at Site D, 39°N, 70°W (June 2 to August 3. 1987). The R-TEAM mooring is specifically designed to collect oceanic environmental data in the Arctic region and to transmit these data to shore on a daily basis via ARGOS satellite telemetry. To this end an ascent module comes to the surface once a day and transmits directly to ARGOS (ice free surface) or indirectly through a relatively adjacent MF receiver station (ice covered surface) which in turn relays the data to the ARGOS satellite. When not transmitting, the module remains in its rest position most of the time, well away from the surface. thus diminishing the risks of damage at the ice interface. The design life of the R-TEAM system is one year in situ. The mooring must be capable of deployment in depths of up to 4500 meters and must be able to withstand a maximum current speed of 2 knots at the surface.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract Number N00014-86-C-0135.
    Keywords: Real-Time Environmental Arctic Monitoring (R-TEAM) ; Environmental monitoring ; Deep-sea moorings
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 24
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The SMILE (Shelf Mixed Layer Experiment) field program took place during the winter of 1988-1989. The SMILE program itself was large and involved many investigators and instruments. This report documents the use of the Surface Acoustic Shear Sensor (SASS) as part of the suite of measurements taken during SMILE. The SMILE mooring array was deployed from early November 1988 until June, 1989. SASS, being a newly developed instrument, was deployed for two shorter periods; a test deployment between November 26 and December 8, 1988, and a longer second deployment, February 23 through March 14, 1989. SASS is based on BASS (Benthic Acoustic Stress Sensor) components (Williams et al., 1987), mounted on a structure that allowed continuous sampling of velocity, temperature and conductivity in the top five meters of the ocean. BASS was modified for this surface application to acquire data from a gyro, and conductivity sensors. The attitude data from the gyro allows the velocities of the current meter to be referenced to an inertial frame of reference. The other data obtained from SASS will be used to calculate shear current gradients, and other descriptors of turbulence and mixing.
    Description: Prepared for the National Science Foundation under Contract Number OCE-8716937.
    Keywords: Shelf Mixed Layer Experiment (SMILE) ; Deep-sea moorings ; Underwater acoustics ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 25
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: In 1986, FASINEX, a Frontal Air-Sea Interaction Experiment, a multi-investigator cooperative experiment, was conducted to study the role of horizontal variability in air-sea interaction in the persistent front formed in the subtropical convergence zone south of Bermuda. Aimed at investigating all aspects of the atmospheric and oceanic variables related to the formation and maintenance of the front, an array of meteorological and current meter moorings was deployed by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Buoy Group in 5400 meters of water . Two subsurface current meter moorings were deployed in October, 1984; five surface meteorological and current meter moorings and four Profiling Current Meter (PCM) moorings were set in January 1986 . All except one PCM mooring, which was lost, were recovered in June 1986. This report discusses the extensive preparations of, and modifications to, the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Buoy Group instruments placed on the five surface moorings. The equipment included 30 vector measuring current meters, ten vector averaging current meters and five vector averaging wind recorders .
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under contract Number N00014-84-C-0134.
    Keywords: Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Deep-sea moorings ; Asterias (Ship : 1980-2004) Cruise
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Originally issued as Reference No. 69-36, series later renamed WHOI-
    Description: This report reviews the analysis and the evaluation of surface buoy systems performed in the Engineering Department of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in 1968. The buoy systems considered are single point moored, taut and compound consisting of wire and synthetic ropes, The first part of the report describes the forcing functions and the system response as measured in situ during and after launching, The second part presents the results of the mooring line components testing and evaluation programs performed at sea or in laboratories. The third part briefly outlines the present development in telemetry transmission of scientific and engineering information, It is believed that this systematic engineering effort is an important factor in the continuous improvement of the reliability and performance of the deep sea buoy systems used in scientific measurements programs.
    Description: Submitted to the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-66-C0241, NR 083-004
    Keywords: Alvin (Submarine) ; Deep-sea moorings ; Oceanographic buoys
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 27
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The purpose of this handbook is to bring awareness and a degree of expertise to the very real problem of fish attacks on mooring lines and cables deployed in the open seas. Over the years the authors have carefully examined a large sample of damaged, sometimes entirely severed ropes retrieved from the sea. Often direct evidence and/or biological observations showed that the ropes were the victims of fish attacks. In many cases however the cause of rope failure remained difficult to ascertain. Techniques and rationales therefore had to be devised to elucidate the more thorny cases. Understanding a problem, the saying goes, is half of the solution. The other half, as far as this handbook is concerned, is of course to make known the ways which, at the moment, could help prevent fishbite attacks or at least abate its effects. Thus the handbook will follow a natural progression. A short introduction retraces the early suspicions which soon translated into confirmed fish attacks. The next two chapters cover the recognition and the extent of the fishbite problem in great depth. Chapter 2 presents in meticulous details the techniques which can be used to determine how a rope was damaged while in service, either by fishbite or any other plausible cause. The analysis of a data base which spans over twenty years and encompasses close to a thousand moorings is presented in Chapter 3: Dimensions of the fishbite problem. This chapter provides valuable information for use in estimating fishbite hazard. Who are the culprits and why they do it is reviewed in Chapter 4: Biting organisms and predisposing factors. This chapter identifies the marine organisms which have significant biting capabilities and outlines some of the environmental factors and processes which incite and result in fishbite damage. The last chapter: Prevention and control of fishbite damage, reviews the preventive methods used to reduce the incidence or the severity of fish attacks and the curative methods - including up to date techniques for jacketing metallic and non-metallic ropes and cables - which hopefully will protect mooring lines from the mechanical damage inflicted by fish teeth.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under contract No. N00014-84-C-0134, N R 083-400.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 28
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This report covers the techniques of deploying and recovering the moorings used by the Buoy Project at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. A brief description of the moorings and associated hardware is included. Deck equipment is discussed. Step by step descriptions are given of the procedures for handling of the mooring gear at sea during setting and recovery. Documentation and quality control are also discussed.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-74-C-0262; NR 083-004 and the National Science Foundation, Office for the International Decade of Ocean Exploration, under Grant OCE75-03962.
    Keywords: Deep-sea moorings ; Mooring techniques ; Ship's operation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 7710580 bytes
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  • 29
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This report describes the design of tire cord reinforced rubber hoses, which have found an application as mooring hoses for oceanographic and offshore aquaculture buoy systems. These hoses stand out due to their ruggedness and ability to significantly stretch under load. The ruggedness is achieved through a steam curing = vulcanization process of the completed hose, generating a similar toughness of the hoses like automobile tires. Elastic stretch ranges can be designed from 30 to 130 percent through variation of the arrangement of the load carrying tire cord layers in the hose body. The hoses can also be furnished with electrical conductors and possibly optical light-guides as part of the hose wall. This technical report describes the design, fabrication, and mechanical properties of the mooring hoses to allow engineers to custom develop hoses with tailored mechanical properties.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Offce of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-96-1-0346.
    Keywords: Oceanographic buoys ; Deep-sea moorings
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 18863839 bytes
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: The primary objective of this publication is to share with a wider audience the valuable information and extensive dialogue that took place amongst over 140 individuals who attended the second in a series of planned workshops on the science and management of coastal landforms in Massachusetts. This workshop took place at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution on January 24, 2001. The individuals who attended this workshop are actively engaged in planning, managing, regulating, engineering, educating, and studying coastal landforms and their beneficial functions. This workshop titled, Can Humans & Coastal Landforms Co-exist?’, was a natural follow-up to a previous workshop, Coastal Landform Management in Massachusetts, held at WHOI October 9-10, 1997 (proceedings published as WHOI Technical Report #WHOI-98-16). The workshop had a very practical, applied focus, providing state-of-the-art scientific understanding of coastal landform function, case history management and regulation of human activities proposed on coastal landforms, a multi-faceted mock conservation commission hearing presented by practicing technical consultants and attorneys that involved all attendees acting as regulators in breakout sessions, and, at the conclusion of the workshop, an open discussion on all issues related to the science and management of coastal landforms, including future research needs.
    Description: Funding for these proceedings was provided by WHOI Sea Grant and the NOAA National Sea Grant College Program Office, Department of Commerce, under NOAA Grant No. M10-2, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Sea Grant Project No. NA86R60075.
    Keywords: Coastal ; Landforms ; Humans
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 1574993 bytes
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: A moored two-dimensional array with instrumentation distributed both horizontally and vertically was deployed for 27 days in August 1998 at an 85 meter deep site in Massachusetts Bay near Stellwagon basin. The horizontal mooring consisted of a 160- meter long horizontal element positioned at a depth of 20 meters between two subsurface moorings. Suspended below the horizontal member were five 25-meter long vertical strings. The vertical strings had a horizontal separation of 30 meters and each had instruments at depths of 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45 meters. Instrumentation deployed on the two-dimensional array included acoustic current meters, temperature sensors, conductivity measuring instruments, pressure sensors and motion monitoring packages. This report includes a detailed description of the two-dimensional array, the anchoring system and the instrumentation that were deployed. Also included is a description of the deployment and recovery techniques that were employed as well as an assessment of the performance of the array.
    Description: Funding was provided by the Office of Naval Research under Grant No. N00014-97-1-0158.
    Keywords: Horizontal mooring ; Anchor systems ; Two-dimensional moored array ; Deep-sea moorings ; Argo Maine (Ship) Cruise
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 3938367 bytes
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