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  • Articles  (15)
  • 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous  (7)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis  (4)
  • Climate change
  • Response spectra
  • Springer  (15)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • 2015-2019  (10)
  • 2005-2009  (5)
  • 1950-1954
Collection
  • Articles  (15)
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  • 1
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    Site response analyses for complex geological and morphological conditions: relevant case-histories from 3rd level seismic microzonation in Central Italy (2019)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-16
    Description: The paper presents the results of 5 case studies on complex site e ects selected within the project for the level 3 seismic microzonation of several municipalities of Central Italy dam- aged by the 2016 seismic sequence. The case studies are characterized by di erent geo- logical and morphological con gurations: Monte San Martino is located along a hill slope, Montedinove and Arquata del Tronto villages are located at ridge top whereas Capitignano and Norcia lie in correspondence of sediment- lled valleys. Peculiarities of the sites are constituted by the presence of weathered/jointed rock mass, fault zone, shear wave veloc- ity inversion, complex surface and buried morphologies. These factors make the de ni- tion of the subsoil model and the evaluation of the local response particularly complex and di cult to ascertain. For each site, after the discussion of the subsoil model, the results of site response numerical analyses are presented in terms of ampli cation factors and acceleration response spectra in selected points. The physical phenomena governing the site response have also been investigated at each site by comparing 1D and 2D numerical analyses. Implications are deduced for seismic microzonation studies in similar geological and morphological conditions.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5741–5777
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Seismic microzonation ; Ampli cation factors ; Response spectra ; Numerical analyses ; site response
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Relevance of carbon stocks of marine sediments for national greenhouse gas inventories of maritime nations (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Carbon Balance and Management 12 (2017): 10, doi:10.1186/s13021-017-0077-x.
    Description: Determining national carbon stocks is essential in the framework of ongoing climate change mitigation actions. Presently, assessment of carbon stocks in the context of greenhouse gas (GHG)-reporting on a nation-by-nation basis focuses on the terrestrial realm, i.e., carbon held in living plant biomass and soils, and on potential changes in these stocks in response to anthropogenic activities. However, while the ocean and underlying sediments store substantial quantities of carbon, this pool is presently not considered in the context of national inventories. The ongoing disturbances to both terrestrial and marine ecosystems as a consequence of food production, pollution, climate change and other factors, as well as alteration of linkages and C-exchange between continental and oceanic realms, highlight the need for a better understanding of the quantity and vulnerability of carbon stocks in both systems. We present a preliminary comparison of the stocks of organic carbon held in continental margin sediments within the Exclusive Economic Zone of maritime nations with those in their soils. Our study focuses on Namibia, where there is a wealth of marine sediment data, and draws comparisons with sediment data from two other countries with different characteristics, which are Pakistan and the United Kingdom. Results indicate that marine sediment carbon stocks in maritime nations can be similar in magnitude to those of soils. Therefore, if human activities in these areas are managed, carbon stocks in the oceanic realm—particularly over continental margins—could be considered as part of national GHG inventories. This study shows that marine sediment organic carbon stocks can be equal in size or exceed terrestrial carbon stocks of maritime nations. This provides motivation both for improved assessment of sedimentary carbon inventories and for reevaluation of the way that carbon stocks are assessed and valued. The latter carries potential implications for the management of human activities on coastal environments and for their GHG inventories.
    Description: We acknowledge research support from ETH Zurich and the Swiss National Science Foundation.
    Keywords: Carbon stocks ; Sediments ; Oceans ; Climate change ; Exclusive Economic Zone ; Carbon inventory
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    Ecosystem responses to climate change at a Low Arctic and a High Arctic long-term research site (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Ambio 46, Supple. 1 (2017): 160-173, doi:10.1007/s13280-016-0870-x.
    Description: Long-term measurements of ecological effects of warming are often not statistically significant because of annual variability or signal noise. These are reduced in indicators that filter or reduce the noise around the signal and allow effects of climate warming to emerge. In this way, certain indicators act as medium pass filters integrating the signal over years-to-decades. In the Alaskan Arctic, the 25-year record of warming of air temperature revealed no significant trend, yet environmental and ecological changes prove that warming is affecting the ecosystem. The useful indicators are deep permafrost temperatures, vegetation and shrub biomass, satellite measures of canopy reflectance (NDVI), and chemical measures of soil weathering. In contrast, the 18-year record in the Greenland Arctic revealed an extremely high summer air-warming of 1.3°C/decade; the cover of some plant species increased while the cover of others decreased. Useful indicators of change are NDVI and the active layer thickness.
    Description: The Toolik research was supported in part by NSF Grants DEB 0207150, DEB 1026843, ARC 1107701, and ARC 1504006.
    Keywords: Alaska Toolik ; Climate change ; Ecological effects ; Greenland Zackenberg ; Medium pass filter ; Vegetation
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 4
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    The European experience of educational seismology (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2020-11-25
    Description: This chapter provides an overview of last two decades, European experiences in educational seismology and describes the different contexts in which they have been developed. The basic idea of these educational projects is that Seismology may represent an efficient communication vehicle for teaching a wide range of basic Earth sci-ence topics through laboratory practices and educational activities. Moreover it is also an effective tool to raise in the young citizens the awareness on the earthquake risk and possible mitigation actions. In this frame several seismic stations with different technologies were installed in schools across Europe. The scientific support of re-searchers and the need to establish strong links between teachers and researchers attribute to the school an active role in the knowledge process using the scientific laboratory practice by adopting the “learning by doing” modern approach of science communication (R. Schank and C. Cleary, 1995, Engines for Education, Ed. Routledge, 248 pp). Some educational activities correlated with seismological projects are presented, following different strategies depending on the country, but all aimed at building a new way to communicate science in the schools. The new vogue is the opening toward social networks and blogs. This generalizes the concept of an educational Geoscience website making it an e-platform for science communication and multimedia data sharing, where researchers, teachers, students and education op-erators can interact and constantly be kept informed of ongoing activities and relevant events. All of these 'seismology at school' initiatives rely on the concept of school networking and will merge in the European project NERA (Network of European Research Infrastructures for Earthquake Risk Assessment and Mitigation, http://www.nera-eu.org/) where a spe-cific workpackage is dedicated to networking school seismology programs.
    Description: Published
    Description: 145-170
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: educational seismology ; educational projects ; learning by doing ; science communication ; school seismology ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: book chapter
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  • 5
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    Engineering Geology for Society and Territory - Volume 7: Education, Professional Ethics and Public Recognition of Engineering Geology (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This book is one out of 8 IAEG XII Congress volumes, and deals with education and the professional ethics, which scientists, regulators, and practitioners of engineering geology inevitably have to face through the purposes, methods, limitations, and findings of their works. This volume presents contributions on the professional responsibilities of engineering geologists; the interaction of engineering geologists with other professionals; recognition of the engineering geological profession and its particular contribution to society, culture, and economy; and implications for the education of engineering geologists at tertiary level and in further education schemes. Issues treated in this volume are: the position of engineering geology within the geo-engineering profession; professional ethics and communication; resource use and re-use; managing risk in a litigious world; engineering and geological responsibility; and engineering geology at tertiary level. The Engineering Geology for Society and Territory volumes of the IAEG XII Congress held in Torino from September 15-19, 2014, analyze the dynamic role of engineering geology in our changing world and build on the four main themes of the congress: Environment, processes, issues, and approaches.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: 5A. Energia e georisorse
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Geoethics ; Geoeducation ; Professional Ethics ; Engineering Geology ; Communication ; Society ; Risks management ; Georesources ; Geological responsibility ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Geoethical aspects in the natural hazards management (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The defence against natural hazards involves many actors with different roles: geoscientists, decision makers, local authorities, mass media, citizens. A proper management of georisks requires that each role is well-defined and governed by shared operational protocols, especially during the emergency phase, so that overlapping and misunderstanding don’t jeopardize population safety and economic activities. To achieve good results in this direction, it is necessary to undertake a careful evaluation of the limits and expectations of each component of society and the respect of legitimate aspirations and prerogatives. An effective defence system against natural hazards should be planned rationally and based on scientific data, in order to avoid alarmism among citizens, misleading sensationalism by media, careless decisions by politicians, as well as approximation in managing different phases of the risk cycle. Taking into consideration geoethical aspects related to natural hazards can be helpful to make geoscientists aware of their responsibilities towards society and to clarify the role they can play in the interaction with other actors, aiming at more efficacious actions for georisk mitigation.
    Description: Published
    Description: 59-62
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 4A. Clima e Oceani
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Geoethics ; Natural hazards ; Risks ; Society ; Responsibility ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    What’s the seismic risk perception in Italy? (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Risk perception is a fundamental element in the definition and the adoption of preventive counter-measures. In order to develop effective information and risk communication strategies, the perception of risks and the influencing factors should be known. This paper presents preliminary results of a survey on seismic risk perception in Italy. The research design combines a psychometric and a cultural theoretic approach. More than 5,000 on-line tests have been compiled from January 23rd till July 25th, 2013. The data collected show that in Italy seismic risk perception is strongly underestimated; 86 on 100 Italian citizens, living in the most dangerous zone (namely Zone 1), do not have a correct perception of seismic hazard. From these observations we deem that extremely urgent measures are required in Italy to reach an effective way to communicate seismic risk"This study has benefited from funding provided by the Italian Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri - Dipartimento di Protezione Civile (DPC). This paper does not necessarily represent DPC official opinion and policies".
    Description: Published
    Description: 69-75
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: open
    Keywords: Risk perception ; Seismic hazard ; Hazard communication ; Seismic risk ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    A comparison of surface and underground array measurements of ambient noise recorded in Naples (Italy). (2015)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: Abstract In this study, we describe two experiments of seismic noise measurements carried out in Naples, Italy. The site allowed measurements to be obtained both at the surface and in a tunnel that is 120-m-deep. The main goal was to compare the seismic response evaluated at the surface to the in-tunnel response, through spectral, polarization, and resonance directivity analyses. In the 1 to 20 Hz frequency band, the noise level was up to 15 dB higher at the surface than in the tunnel. The polarization properties and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios appear not to be influenced by the tunnel geometry or by the topography. Some preferential alignments were observed in the polarization azimuths computed at the surface, which are likely to be due to local sources, rather than morphological features. The absence of directivity effects and the low noise levels in the tunnel make this site suitable for installing seismic stations. We also studied how the subsoil structure affects the seismic motion at the surface. The dispersive properties of the Rayleigh waves were investigated using the spatial autocorrelation method. A joint inversion of the dispersion data and the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios provided the subsurface Vs profile. The derived model has a low velocity contrast at depth, such as to generate moderate and broad H/V spectral ratio peak amplitude. The normalized spectral ratio appears more appropriate to identify the soil-resonance frequencies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 385 - 400
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: seismic noise ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Seismic Microzonation in a Small Municipality: The Canazei Case Study (Trentino, N Italy) (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: The results of a detailed seismic microzonation study performed at Canazei (Trentino—Northern Italy) are here presented. We investigated the local seismic response of this small village using a Level 3 seismic microzonation, the most accurate according to the Italian Code of Seismic Microzonation. This method consists of gradual steps of knowledge to consider different aspects of the amplification phenomena. A multidisciplinary approach has been performed, including a local geological study, geophysical investigations, geotechnical characterization of lithologies and numerical analyses. The obtained elastic response spectra were compared to the spectra prescribed by the Italian Building Code. Our results show the geologic and geophysical subsoil heterogeneities, responsible for different local seismic responses in terms of acceleration spectra and amplification factors.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1085-1089
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Seismic microzonation ; Response spectra ; Amplification factor ; Canazei ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.04. Ground motion ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.06. Surveys, measurements, and monitoring ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Geoscientific Communication Problem with Communities for Disaster Prevention and Land Planning in Peru (2015)
    Springer
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    Publication Date: 2020-02-24
    Description: The communication process between the geoscientists and native communities in risk areas can significantly affect disaster prevention and land use planning. In Peru, the problem of disaster prevention is a fundamental policy due to unfamiliarity and deficiency of the associate information on the population. It is possible that talk of disaster prevention it will be an unlikely ideal in a country where most towns have settled on unplanned projects by the constant change and the lack of interest from the authorities in such topics. However, it is anachronistic that the rural communities and towns continue to live without a plan to enable them to improve their quality of life. The correct use of geoscience information in the mass media can help in this work. The characteristics of the enterprise in Peru require more training by professionals in the geosciences and support communication specialists. In this paper, we analyze the problem of communication for disaster prevention in Peru, with the aim of contributing to the articulation of a disaster prevention strategy.
    Description: Published
    Description: 81-83
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Communication process ; Disaster prevention ; Risk management ; Peru ; Geoethics ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.11. Seismic risk ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.09. Miscellaneous::05.09.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 11
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    The contribution to IHY from the COST296 Action MIERS: Mitigation of Ionospheric Effects on Radio Systems (2009)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: The objective of the COST296 Action MIERS (Mitigation of Ionospheric Effects on Radio Systems) is to develop an increased knowledge of the effects imposed by the ionosphere on practical radio systems, and for the development and implementation of techniques to mitigate the deleterious effects of the ionosphere on such systems (http://www.cost296.rl.ac.uk). The COST296 Community contributes to the international efforts of IHY with scientific and outreach activities as well. After the realization of a web site hosted by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV), developed also to promote the ionospheric physics to the open public, the COST296 Community supported an initiative addressed to the pupils of the primary school of several European Countries: the realization of a school-calendar dedicated to the Sun and to the Sun-Earth connections.
    Description: Published
    Description: 63-67
    Description: 3.9. Fisica della magnetosfera, ionosfera e meteorologia spaziale
    Description: 5.9. Formazione e informazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: E/PO ; Space weather ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.07. Space and Planetary sciences::05.07.01. Solar-terrestrial interaction
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 12
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    CUBIT and seismic wave propagation based upon the Spectral-Element Method: An advanced unstructured mesher for complex 3D geological media (2007)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-25
    Description: Unstructured hexahedral mesh generation is a critical part of the model- ing process in the Spectral-Element Method (SEM). We present some ex- amples of seismic wave propagation in complex geological models, automati- cally meshed on a parallel machine based upon CUBIT (Sandia Laboratory, cubit.sandia.gov), an advanced 3D unstructured hexahedral mesh genera- tor that offers new opportunities for seismologist to design, assess, and improve the quality of a mesh in terms of both geometrical and numerical accuracy. The main goal is to provide useful tools for understanding seismic phenomena due to surface topography and subsurface structures such as low wave-speed sedimentary basins. Our examples cover several typical geophysical problems: 1) “layer-cake” volumes with high-resolution topography and complex solid- solid interfaces (such as the Campi Flegrei Caldera Area in Italy), and 2) models with an embedded sedimentary basin (such as the Taipei basin in Taiwan or the Grenoble Valley in France).
    Description: Published
    Description: 3.1. Fisica dei terremoti
    Description: 4.1. Metodologie sismologiche per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: meshing ; seismic wave propagation ; spectral element methond ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.05. Algorithms and implementation
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 13
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    Detection of earthquake clusters on the basis of waveform similarity: an application in the Monferrato region (Piedmont, Italy) (2007)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In August 2000 and July 2001 two seismic sequences, characterized by mainshocks with Ml (local magnitude) respectively 5.1 and 4.8, occurred in the Monferrato region (Italy). The regional seismic network of North-western Italy (RSNI) recorded more than 250 foreshocks and aftershocks. The routine locations, obtained from the Hypoellipse code, show a seismic activity concentrated in a circular area, of a radius of about 15 km, located near Acqui Terme, and randomly distributed in depth. Location errors, due to an uneven azimuthal station distribution of the regional seismic network, prevent recognition of the geometry of the active zone. Waveform analysis revealed the presence of several multiplets. In order to discriminate and successively relocate them, an automatic cross-correlation procedure was applied. Normalized cross-correlation matrixes, for the RSNI stations which recorded almost 90% of considered events, on the basis of a signal to noise ratio analysis, were computed using only S wave time windows. The use of a relocation procedure, based on the double-difference method which incorporates ordinary absolute travel-time measurements and/or cross-correlation differential travel-times, allowed us to overcome the constraints of the uneven distribution of stations giving a quite different frame of seismicity. The improved locations showed that the seismic activity is mainly arranged along a NE-SW oriented volume, at a depth range of 8–20 km, involving the basement crystalline units. This orientation is confirmed by the analysis of the focal mechanisms: most focal solutions show a strike slip component with one of the nodal planes consistent with the main orientation of the seismic events.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-22
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: earthquake clusters ; waveform ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 14
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    Reviews on books, internet and scientific media (2007)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: There is a strong movement by many universities, libraries and organizations to participate in the open access movement in order to provide fast, up-to-date, easily accessible, permanent and free-of-charge sources of information for users of scholarly research. Although many publishers and journals may allow authors to archive their work under certain conditions (there may be copyright restrictions in making an e-print freely available); other publishers are more restrictive. Open access repositories may make research available even prior to a peer-reviewed printed publication, as well as unpublished material. Here lies the challenge to discern between refereed (post-print) and non-refereed (or preprint) material.
    Description: Published
    Description: 923-926
    Description: 5.7. TTC - Biblioteche ed editoria
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Open access repositories ; ePIC ; Earth-prints ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 15
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    Evidence of amplification effects in fault zone related to rock mass jointing (2007)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-06-09
    Description: Results of geological, geomechanical and seismometric investigations aiming at the analysis of the seismic response in a carbonate ridge of the Nera River valley (Central Apennines – Italy) are discussed. Geological and geomechanical surveys were aimed at defining the stratigraphic and structural setting of the outcropping formations and the jointing conditions of the rock mass. Velocimetric records of both ambient noise and small-magnitude earthquakes were analysed in order to identify amplification conditions. The analysis was carried out in the time domain, through directional energy evaluation, and in the frequency domain, through H/V spectral ratios and spectral ratios with respect to a reference station. A local amplification factor was estimated from Housner intensity. The study revealed a significant seismic amplification in a fault zone. This effect was observed in intensely jointed and mylonitic rock masses, located inside moderately jointed rock masses, and is the result of specific geometries and significant impedance contrasts. A map of fault zones prone to amplification of ground motion was constructed, taking into account the jointing conditions of the rock masses and the structural setting of the investigated ridge. The study relied on an integrated methodological approach, which combined the available data under union and intersection criteria.
    Description: Published
    Description: 416-449
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: jointed rock masses ; velocimetric records ; seismic amplification ; trapped waves ; Central Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.09. Waves and wave analysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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