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  • 2015-2019  (16)
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Inst. f. Physische Geographie, FU, Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | ZB 20559:47
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : EHLERS, J. & MENSCHING, H.: Küstenversatz und Prielverlagerungen an der Nordseeküste. S. 9-22 ; FRÄNZLE, O.: Periglaziäre Formung der Altmoränengebiete Schleswig-Holsteins. S. 23-35 ; HEMPEL, L.: Rezente und fossile Mesoformen der Abtragung und Aufschüttung in Ausräumen von Schichtkammlandschaften im Teutoburger Wald. S. 37-47 ; LEHMEIER, F.: Zum Formenschatz der Schichtkammlandschaft im Niedersächsischen Bergland. S. 49-61 ; GARLEFF, K., BRUNOTTE, E. & STINGL, H.: Fußflächen im zentralen Teil der Hessischen Senke. S. 63-76 ; MÖLLER, K.: Das Eschweger Becken und seine Randbereiche — Ergebnisse geomorphographischer und hydrochemischer Analysen. S. 77-92 ; GLATTHAAR, D.: Vertikalbewegungen und ihre Bedeutung für die Formenentwicklung im Westerwald. S. 93-106 ; MÜLLER, M.J.: Periglaziärfluviale, solifluidale und abluale Formung im westlichen Hunsrück und am Ostrand der Trier-Bitburger Mulde. S. 107-118 ; BARSCH, D. & MÄUSBACHER, R.: Zur fluvialen Dynamik beim Aufbau des Neckarschwemmfächers. S. 119-128 ; LESER, H.: Schichtstufen und Talrandstufen in Südwestdeutschland. S. 129-147 ; FARRENKOPF, D.: Relief und Wasserhaushalt im Eyachtal, Nordschwarzwald. S. 149-154 ; LESER, H. & METZ, B.: Vergletscherungen im Hochschwarzwald. S. 155-175 ; HABBE, K.A.: Was kann eine geomorphologische Vollkartierung für die Stratigraphie des Quartärs leisten? S. 177-196 ; RATHJENS, C.: Jungglaziale Formung und spätglazialer Eisabbau im Chiemgau. S. 197-205 ; FISCHER, K.: Die würmzeitliche und stadiale Vergletscherung der Berchtesgadener Alpen. S. 207-225 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 910.02 ; Deutschland ; Geologie ; Geomorphologie ; Glazial ; Gletscher ; Küste ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Im Selbstverlag des Institutes für Physische Geographie der Freien Universität Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | FB 23640:2
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Zur Vereinfachung wird die Vielfalt der Karstformenbezeichnungen bereinigt. Erdfall wird als Form, die in nicht verkarstungsfähigen Serien liegt, aber auf Tiefensubrosion zurückgeht, der Doline, einer Form, die in verkarstungsfähigem Material liegt, gegenübergestellt. Als Grundlage der Arbeit wurde eine detaillierte Kartierung der Auslaugungsformen durchgeführt. Hinsichtlich rezenter Subrosion erwies es sich als notwendig, die in Oberflächenwässern und wasserwirtschaftlich erfaßten Wässern gelösten Bestandteile von Chlorid, Sulfat und Karbonat zu ermitteln. Die Auswertung der gewonnenen Daten zeigt, daß ein Zusammenhang mit Gebieten besteht, die durch aktuelle Erdfälle und Dolineneinbrüche gekennzeichnet sind. Als Voraussetzung zur Reliefgenese gilt, daß das Gebiet des Unterwerra-Sattels entscheidend durch die saxonische Gebirgsbildung an der Wende Jura/Kreide und die nachfolgende klimageomorphologische Entwicklung geprägt ist. Anhand der geomorphographischen Analyse wird der Einfluß der Salz-, aber auch der Sulfatauslaugung auf die Landschaftsgenese belegt. Die Auslaugung des Salzes (Nal), dessen Mächtigkeit im Untersuchungsgebiet mit mindestens 120 m angenommen wird, und der unterlagernden ca. 130 m nächtigen Zechsteingipse (A 1 - A 3) zerrüttet die überlagernden triassischen Schichten weiter. Darüber hinaus wirkt die Subrosion von mehr als 30 m Rötgipsen und 50 m Gipsen des Mittleren Muschelkalkes im Hangenden des Zechsteins reliefformend. Die ermittelten Ergebnisse - rezente und subrezente Formen, Lösungswerte – werden zunächst in kleineren Gebietseinheiten analysiert. Die Ergebnisse der Nasseranalysen bestätigen das geomorphographische Ergebnis, so daß in Anlehnung an die Gipshorizonte von Stockwerkssubrosion gesprochen werden kann. Entscheidend geprägt ist die heutige Situation jedoch durch vorangegangene Zechsteinsalzauslaugung im tieferen Untergrund. Diese hat in den Hangendserien die Wasserwegsamkeit verstärkt, so daß die nachfolgende Sulfatsubrosion den Kleinformenschatz vor der Schichtstufe des Mittleren Buntsandsteins steuern konnte. Aufgrund ihrer für Auslaugungsgebiete typischen Ausprägung wird die Lage der Schichtstufe in weiten Teilen des Untersuchungsgebietes an das in Auslaugung befindliche Salz geknüpft. Das Auftreten von Subrosionsformen vor der Landstufe des Kaufunger Waldes, den östlichen Meißnerhängen, dem Anstieg des Schlierbachswaldes sowie vor dem Anstieg des Buntsandsteins zwischen Heldra, Frieda und Bad Sooden-Allendorf untermauert diese Interpretation. In der südlichen und südöstlichen Umrahmung des Untersuchungsgebietes wird der Salzhang aufgrund geomorphographischer Kriterien unter dem Steilanstieg des Unteren Muschelkalkes ausgewiesen. Aufgrund dieser Befunde wird die primäre Salzverbreitung als über den Unterwerra-Sattel reichend angenommen, womit sich, abgesehen von den Einflüssen der saxonischen Tektonik, alle Reliefentwicklungsprozesse allein durch Auslaugung und folgende geomorphologische Überprägung erklären lassen. Darüber hinaus ist dieses Gebiet in Nordhessen nicht nur durch eine über alle Schichten hinweggreifende Rumpfflächenbildung gekennzeichnet, sondern die Resistenzunterschiede wurden - unabhängig vom Klima - beständig herausgearbeitet. Aus diesen Ergebnissen wurde ein übergeordnetes Modell zur Reliefentwicklung erstellt. Danach existieren im Untersuchungsgebiet fünf Reliefgenerationen, wobei die postsaxonische Reliefentwicklung mit zerstörtem, die Auslaugung begünstigendem Hangendverband nach der Landhebung bzw. dem Einbruch der das Gebiet begrenzenden Grabenstrukturen, die bis ins Alttertiär reicht, nicht erfaßt werden konnte. [...]
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 910.02 ; Hessisch-thüringisches Bergland {Geologie} ; Morphogenese einzelner Regionen {Geomorphologie} ; Deutschland ; Hessen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 196
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Im Selbstverlag des Institutes für Physische Geographie der Freien Universität Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | ZB 20559:60
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Ergebnisse hydrologischer und stratigraphischer Studien zur Entwicklungsgeschichte von Brandenburger Kesselmooren vorgestellt. Für die Erfassung der aktuellen und historischen biotischen und abiotischen Standortfaktoren wurden verschiedene Methoden angewandt: floristische und vegetationskundliche Untersuchungen sowie hydrologische, hydrochemische, geochemische, geophysikalische und sedimentologische Untersuchungen und Makrorest-‚ Mikrorest- und Pollenanalyse. Der zeitlichen Einordnung der entwicklungsgeschichtlichen Prozesse dienten Radiocarbondatierungen und die pollenanalytischen Untersuchungen. Ziel der Arbeit war es, Entwicklungsstadien auszuscheiden, die von den untersuchten Mooren seit ihrer Entstehung durchlaufen wurden. Aufgrund der stratigraphischen Untersuchungen wurden Aussagen zur Beckengenese und zu den einzelnen See- und Moorentwicklungsphasen getroffen, zum Verlandungsvorgang, zu Moorbildungsbedingungen und Sukzessionsstadien. Den Entwicklungsstadien konnten über geochemische und -physikalische Untersuchungen abiotische Standortfaktoren zugeordnet werden. Die aktuellen Standortveränderungen wurden erfaßt und die vorgenommenen Erhaltungs- und Wiedervernässungsmaßnahmen dokumentiert und bewertet.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Teilfragen zu Brandenburg {Geographie} ; Moorkunde {Geomorphologie} ; Ostdeutschland, Berlin, Brandenburg {Hydrologie} ; Moorkunde {Geologie} ; Brandenburg ; Kessel-Moor ; Stratigraphie ; Hydrologie ; Geschichte ; Hochschulschrift ; Deutschland ; C/N ; Moor ; Pollen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 159
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203:10
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält 63 Artikel zu Themengebieten der Physik der festen Erde, zu magnetischen und elektrischen Feldern der Erde, zu der Physik der Atmophäre und der angewandten Geophysik veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1934.
    Description: 〈html〉 〈body〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0004.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0005.pdf"〉Autorenverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0006.pdf"〉Sachverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0007.pdf"〉Karl Mack †〈/a〉〈br〉(Hiller, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0008.pdf"〉Die südalbanischen Erdbeben 1930/31〈/a〉〈br〉(Nowack, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0009.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen〈/a〉〈br〉(Gräfe, H., v. zur Mühlen, W., Müller, H. K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0017.pdf"〉Horizontalsicht bei örtlich veränderlicher Trübung und Beleuchtung〈/a〉〈br〉(Steinhäusser, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0018.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Haase, H., Köhler, R., Berroth, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0019.pdf"〉Beitrag zur Berechnung von Minimum-Stabpendeln〈/a〉〈br〉(Graf, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0020.pdf"〉Zur Theorie elastischer Pendel mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Holweck-Lejayschen Stabpendels〈/a〉〈br〉(Graf, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0021.pdf"〉Eine neue Methode für sehr präzise magnetische Messungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Koulomzine, T., Bondaletoff, N.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0022.pdf"〉Zur Frage der mit dem temperaturkompensierten Magnetsystem erreichbaren Meßgenauigkeit〈/a〉〈br〉(Kohl, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0023.pdf"〉Die Höhenverteilung der Erd-, Luft- und Höhenstrahlung〈/a〉〈br〉(Suckstorff, G. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0024.pdf"〉Erdstrahlungsmessungen in Bad Nauheim nach der Gammastrahlenmethode〈/a〉〈br〉(Masuch, V.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0025.pdf"〉Referate〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0026.pdf"〉Abschnitt〈/a〉〈br〉(Angenheister, G., Kohlschütter, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0027.pdf"〉Hergesell geb. 29. Mai 1859〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0028.pdf"〉Hecker geb. 21. Mai 1864〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0029.pdf"〉Sprengungen zur Forschungszwecken mit Unterstützung der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen〈/a〉〈br〉(Duckert, P.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0037.pdf"〉Beiträge zu den Luftschallmessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O., Martin, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0039.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen〈/a〉〈br〉(Regula, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0042.pdf"〉Berechnung der Laufzeitkurven des anormalen Schalles für windstille Atmosphäre und Vergleich mit der Laufzeitkurve der Oldebroek-Sprengung vom 15. Dezember 1932〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0043.pdf"〉Ergebisse der Registrierungen von Schallwellen an kreisförmig um den Sprengherd angeordneten Stationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Duckert, P.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0044.pdf"〉Beobachtungsergebnisse über den Einfluß der "akustischen Umkehrschicht" auf die Schallausbreitung〈/a〉〈br〉(Sandmann, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0045.pdf"〉Zur Frage der anomalen Schallausbreitung〈/a〉〈br〉(Kölzer, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0046.pdf"〉Schalluntersuchungen im Polargebiet〈/a〉〈br〉(Wölcken, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0049.pdf"〉Betrachtungen über ebene Pendel〈/a〉〈br〉(Hahnkamm, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0051.pdf"〉Außenraum und Innenraum (Schlichtung des Streites um die Schwerkraftreduktion)〈/a〉〈br〉(Schwinner, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0052.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu den Geoiden von Ackerl und Hirvonen〈/a〉〈br〉(Ledersteger, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0053.pdf"〉Auto-Radio als Hilfsmittel geologischer Kartierung〈/a〉〈br〉(Cloos, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0054.pdf"〉Zur photographischen Registrierung von Stationsseismometern〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0056.pdf"〉Ein Horizontalseismometer für die Aufzeichnung von starken Orts- und Nahbeben〈/a〉〈br〉(Critikos, N. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0059.pdf"〉Die Bedeutung der Unstetigkeiten im Verlauf der Schallgeschwindigkeit mit der Höhe für die normale und anomale〈/a〉〈br〉(Sandmann, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0060.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0061.pdf"〉Die Relativität der Undulationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Hopfner, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0062.pdf"〉Ein detonierendes Meteor über dem Weserbergland am 2. Januar 1934〈/a〉〈br〉(Hartmann, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0063.pdf"〉Der Meteorfall bei Stadt Rehburg am 2. Januar 1934〈/a〉〈br〉(Trommsdorff, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0064.pdf"〉Vergleich zwischen der Intensität der kosmischen Ultrastrahlung über Grönland und über Deutschland〈/a〉〈br〉(Wölcken, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0065.pdf"〉Das Grundeis〈/a〉〈br〉(Jakuschoff, P.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0066.pdf"〉Le problème des microséismes et le déferlement des vagues〈/a〉〈br〉(Gherzi, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0067.pdf"〉Note on the Hayford-Bowie tables for calculation 〈i〉g〈/i〉〈/a〉〈br〉(Bullard, E. C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0068.pdf"〉Kann die Laplacesche Differentialgleichung für das Schwerkraftpotential auch innerhalb der Erdkruste als erfüllt angesehen werden?〈/a〉〈br〉(Grabowski, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0069.pdf"〉Vorträge, gehalten auf der XI. Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft, am 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0072.pdf"〉Der geophysikalische Nachweis des Zechsteindolomits〈/a〉〈br〉(Müller, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0073.pdf"〉Berichtigung〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0074.pdf"〉Vorträge, gehalten auf der XI. Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft, am 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(von Seidlitz, W., Sieberg, A., Linke, F., Gerlach, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0079.pdf"〉Zur Frage der Geländekorrektion bei Drehwaagemessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Tuchel, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0080.pdf"〉Emanation in Boden- und Freiluft〈/a〉〈br〉(Israël, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0081.pdf"〉Die Energie der Heliokathodenstrahlen in ihrer Beziehung zur fortschreitenden Bewegung der Elektronen in den Polarlichtstrahlen〈/a〉〈br〉(Rudolph, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0082.pdf"〉Weitere Untersuchungen mit dem Sanford-Elektrometer〈/a〉〈br〉(Stoppel, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0083.pdf"〉Das Strömungssystem der Luft über Mogadischu〈/a〉〈br〉(Bossolasco, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0084.pdf"〉Messungen mit transportablen statischen Schweremessern〈/a〉〈br〉(Schleusener, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0086.pdf"〉Über den Energietransport bei der Sprengseismik〈/a〉〈br〉(v. Schmidt, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0087.pdf"〉Formen der Bodenschwingung bei sinusförmiger Anregung〈/a〉〈br〉(Köhler, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0088.pdf"〉Die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit sinusförmiger elastischer Wellen im Boden〈/a〉〈br〉(Ramspeck, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0089.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Haase, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0090.pdf"〉Bericht über die elfte Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft vom 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Bad Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0091.pdf"〉Berichtigung〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0092.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0093.pdf.pdf"〉Register der Geophysikalischen Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0094.pdf"〉Mitgliederverzeichnis der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft nach dem Stande vom 1. Dezember 1934〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/body〉 〈/html〉
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Geomagnetismus ; Magnetismus ; Seismik ; Atmosphäre ; Gravitation ; Wellen ; Ionosphäre ; Strahlung ; Radioaktivität ; Erdbeben ; Waves ; Deformation ; Pendel ; Boden ; Deutschland ; Grönland ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English , French
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 5
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    Jena G. Neuenhahn, G.m.b.H., Universitäts-Buchdruckerei
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN III, 8552:3
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Deutschlands Erdbebentätigkeit pflegt unterschätzt zu werden, weil sie gewöhnlich so harmlos erscheint. Zwar bringt der Jahresverlauf nur wenige Beben, abgesehen von gelegentlichen Schwärmen mit vielen hunderten von Einzelstößen, wie sie besonders dem Vogtland eigentümlich sind. Zudem handelt es sich dabei vorwiegend um schadlose Erderschütterungen, die kaum Beobachtung finden. Aber der Fachmann kennt daneben auch bis in die neueste Zeit hinein Erdbeben mit erheblichen Schäden und selbst Zerstörungen, die für längere Zeit das öffentliche Leben völlig beherrscht haben; mitunter wurde fast Großbebencharakter erreicht.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 551.2 ; Seismologie {Geophysik} ; Wissenschaftsorganisation und -pflege {Geophysik} ; Erdbeben ; Seismologie ; Deutschland ; Schwarmbeben ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 12
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  • 6
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    Akad. Verl.-Ges., Leipzig
    In:  SUB Göttingenr | 8 MIN III, 8549:23
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Die nachstehenden neueren Untersuchungen auf verschiedenen Gebieten geophysikalischer Forschung, die von Mitgliedern der Reichsanstalt für Erdbebenforschung in Jena durchgeführt sind, wurden erstmalig in der Festschrift zum 70. Geburtstage des früheren Direktors der Reichsanstalt, Herrn Geheimrat Professor Dr. Oskar Hecker (Beitrage zur Angewandten Geophysik, Band 4, Heft 3, Leipzig 1934) veröffentlicht. Sämtliche Arbeiten, ausgenommen diejenigen von Krumbach, gehören zu den von der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft unterstützten geophysikalischen Forschungen. A. Sieberg
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 551.22 ; Geophysik ; Seismologie {Geophysik} ; Deutschland ; Seismik ; Pendel ; Schweremessung ; Erdbeben ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Am Beispiel des "Leegmoores" im Timpemoor - einem ehemaligen "Heidemoor" - wurde auf Grund von boden- und moorkundlichen Untersuchungen sowie von landeskundlich-historischen Recherchen die Entwicklung der Heidemoore überprüft. Dazu wurden erstmalig die flächenhaften Verluste an Moorsubstanz durch - wiederholte Moorbrandkultur, - Entnahme von Heidesoden (Abplaggen) und - Winderosion qualitativ und quantitativ erfaßt, dazu die Moorsackung errechnet. Aus den vorhandenen moorkundlichen Fakten konnte das natürliche Moorrelief des Timpemoores rekonstruiert werden. Die Autoren weisen nach, daß die von JONAS (1934, 1935) beschriebenen Heidemoore "durch den Menschen beeinflußte Moore" darstellen. Das untersuchte Timpemoor hat sich danach im Verlauf mehrerer Jahrhunderte aus einem natürlichen gewölbten Hochmoor gebildet.
    Description: On the basis of pedological, peatland and historical investigations the origin of raised bogs with heather vegetation ("Heidemoore")was examined at the example "Leegmoor", a part of the "Timpemoor". In addition to that for the first time the loss of peat substance by - burnt-over peatland cultivation, - cutaway heather sods, - erosion by wind and - bog subsidence was calculated. With the available peatland facts it was possible to reconstruct the natural bog relief. The authors are able to demonstrate that the "Heidemoore" described by JONAS (1934, 1935) are bogs influenced by man. During the last centuries the Timpemoor developed from a natural raised bog (with convex centre) to a raised bog with heather vegetation.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; bog ; Deutschland ; Germany ; Hochmoor ; land-use ; mire ; Moor ; Niedersachsen ; palaeoenvironment ; peat mining ; peatland ; Torfabbau ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article_digi
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  • 8
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    Reimer, Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | 4 Z GEOGR 107:3
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Vergleichende Darstellung und Analyse der Arbeitsvorgänge in den Agrarlandschaften der Erde. Dieser Aufgabe unterzieht sich in einem ersten Schritt die vorliegende Studie. Sie strebt an, mit der Darstellung und Analyse des jährlichen Arbeitsvorganges die bisher wenig berücksichtigte dynamische Seite der Agrarlandschaft – ihre Rhythmik nämlich – in exakter Weise erfassen zu können. Im Vordergrund steht zunächst weniger die regionale als vielmehr die sachliche Erörterung, auf der Beispielsgrundlage jedoch einer regionalen Kontrastierung innerhalb Deutschlands bzw. aus naheliegenden Gründen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Späteren großräumigen Untersuchungen erst kann es vorbehalten sein, von der hier geschaffenen Plattform aus auf eine speziell regionale Betrachtungsweise überzugehen.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 910 ; Kulturgeographie der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; Agrar- und Forstgeographie {Wirtschaftsgeographie} ; Agrarlandschaft ; Arbeitsvorgang ; Deutschland ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 129
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  • 9
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    Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN III, 8549:12
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: An der Hand von Erdbeben, die im Boden Deutschlands entstanden sind, sollen folgende Fragen untersucht werden: 1) Die Wirkungsweise der einzelnen Bebenherde, von denen anzunehmen ist, dass sie verschiedenartige Charaktereigenschaften haben. Hierfür ist es notwendig, festzustellen einmal Lage und geometrisches Bild des Herdes als geologische Störungsstelle, andererseits den das Erdbeben auslösenden Bewegungsvorgang in der Herdstörung. 2) Die Abhängigkeit der scheinbaren Bebenstarken innerhalb des Schüttergebietes von Bodenbeschaffenheit und Tektonik.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 551.22 ; Europa {Seismologie} ; Deutschland {Geophysik} ; Erdbeben ; Deutschland ; Tektonik ; geol ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 44
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  • 10
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    Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält 77 Beiträge zu Themengebieten der Physik der festen Erde, des magnetischen und elektrischen Felds der Erde, der Physik der Atmosphäre sowie der Angewandten Geophysik, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in den Jahren 1930.
    Description: 〈html〉 〈body〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0004.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0005.pdf"〉Ein neuer Vierpendelapparat für relative Schweremessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Meisser, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0007.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Messungen unter Tage〈/a〉〈br〉(Meisser, O., Wolf, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0008.pdf"〉Die ersten Dickenmessungen des grönländischen Inlandeises〈/a〉〈br〉(Sorge, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0010.pdf"〉Die seismische Bodenunruhe in Hamburg und ihr Zusammenhang mit der Brandung〈/a〉〈br〉(Mendel, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0012.pdf"〉Die sonnenbelichteten Nordlichtstrahlen und die Konstitution der höheren Atmosphärenschichten〈/a〉〈br〉(Vegard, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0013.pdf"〉Nochmals: Zur Frage der Laufzeitkurven〈/a〉〈br〉(Gutenberg, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0014.pdf"〉Erwiderung zur vorstehenden Arbeit von Herrn Prof. Gutenberg〈/a〉〈br〉(Krumbach, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0015.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu der vorstehenden Erwiderung〈/a〉〈br〉(Gutenberg, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0016.pdf"〉Einfluß des Mondes auf die erdmagnetischen Elemente in Samoa〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0017.pdf"〉Ein Diagramm zur Bestimmung der Differenz der Schwerestörung 〈i〉Δg〈/i〉 in zwei Beobachtungspunkten〈/a〉〈br〉(Oserezky, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0018.pdf"〉Zur Ermittlung ausgedehnter Schichten verschiedener Leitfähigkeit〈/a〉〈br〉(Koenigsberger, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0019.pdf"〉Über tägliche erdmagnetische Variationen in zwei Alpentälern〈/a〉〈br〉(Koenigsberger, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0020.pdf"〉Die Wirkung der obersten Erdschicht auf die Anfangsbewegung einer Erdbebenwelle〈/a〉〈br〉(Hasegawa, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0021.pdf"〉Über die Elastizität von Gesteinen〈/a〉〈br〉(Breyer, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0023.pdf"〉Über den Horizontalabstand von Pendelstationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Schwinner, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0024.pdf"〉Die Belowsche Methode zur Bestimmung der Wirkung gegebener Massen auf Krümmungsgröße und Gradient, ihre Verallgemeinerung für beliebige Massenformen und ihre Anwendung auf "zweidimensionale" Massenanordnungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0028.pdf"〉Harmonische Schwingungen des Untergrundes〈/a〉〈br〉(Köhler, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0029.pdf"〉Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Fleming, I. A., Linke, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0030.pdf"〉Über die Ursache der erdmagnetischen Störung im Gebiet der Freien Stadt Danzig〈/a〉〈br〉(Haalck, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0031.pdf"〉Die kontinentalen Verschiebungen von Amerika und Madagaskar〈/a〉〈br〉(Livländer, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0032.pdf"〉Magnetische Vermessung einiger tertiärer Eruptivgänge und -stöcke im sächsischen Elbsandsteingebirge〈/a〉〈br〉(Schulze, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0033.pdf"〉Über die Existenz einer mondentägigen Variation in den Erdströmen〈/a〉〈br〉(Egedal, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0034.pdf"〉Zum Trübungsfaktor〈/a〉〈br〉(Feussner, K., Friedrichs, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0035.pdf"〉Temperature changes between Torsion balance readings in the State of Texas〈/a〉〈br〉(Harris, S.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0036.pdf"〉Über isostatische Schwereanomalien und deren Beziehung zu den totalen Anomalien〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0037.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu den Ausführungen von H. Jung〈/a〉〈br〉(Ansel, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0038.pdf"〉Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Linke, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0040.pdf"〉Wesensgleiche und wesensverschiedene Darstellungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Nippoldt, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0041.pdf"〉Die Säkularvariation in der Rheinpfalz in den Jahren 1850 bis 1928〈/a〉〈br〉(Burmeister, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0042.pdf"〉Größenverhältnis von remanentem zu induziertem Magnetismus in Gesteinen; Größe und Richtung des remanenten Magnetismus〈/a〉〈br〉(Koenigsberger, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0043.pdf"〉Über eine magnetische Anomalie am Lebasee in Ostpommern〈/a〉〈br〉(Reich, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0045.pdf"〉Die Ergebnisse der magnetischen Messungen in der Ostsee in den Jahren 1924 bis 1929〈/a〉〈br〉(v. Gernet-Reval, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0047.pdf"〉Erdmagnetische Messungen in Bulgarien, Mazedonien, Trazien und in der Dobrudja〈/a〉〈br〉(Popoff, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0048.pdf"〉Einige Bemerkungen über erdmagnetische Messungen, welche in Feodossia ausgeführt wurden〈/a〉〈br〉(Palazzo, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0049.pdf"〉Possible causes of abnormal polarizations of magnetic formations〈/a〉〈br〉(Heiland, C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0050.pdf"〉Die geologische Bedeutung der Schaffung einer Isanomalenkarte der magnetischen Vertikalintensität von Deutschland〈/a〉〈br〉(Schuh, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0051.pdf"〉Die innere Genauigkeit von Inklinationsmessungen mit dem Erdinduktor〈/a〉〈br〉(Venske, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0052.pdf"〉Theorie einer neuen galvanischen Waage〈/a〉〈br〉(Bock, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0053.pdf"〉Messungen im Luftschiff〈/a〉〈br〉(Haussmann, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0054.pdf"〉Une modification de l'enregistreur à marche rapide et à petite consommation de papier de Ad. Schmidt pour l'application aux stations de l'Anneé Polaire 1932–1933〈/a〉〈br〉(la Cour, D.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0056.pdf"〉Was sagen uns die Parameter eines Magneten?〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0057.pdf"〉Über die Herleitung des Potentials des täglichen erdmagnetischen Variationsfeldes〈/a〉〈br〉(Egedal, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0058.pdf"〉Über den Vektor der magnetischen Störungen im aperiodischen Verlauf〈/a〉〈br〉(Keränen, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0059.pdf"〉Forschungsmethode über den Zusammenhang zwischen der Sonnenfleckentätigkeit und den erdmagnetischen Störungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Gehlinsch, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0060.pdf"〉Der Temperaturverlauf im Sandboden〈/a〉〈br〉(Süring, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0061.pdf"〉Die dominierende Luftdruckwelle des strengen Winters 1928/29〈/a〉〈br〉(Weickmann, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0063.pdf"〉Über einige meteorologische Begriffe〈/a〉〈br〉(Tetens, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0066.pdf"〉Über die Feinstruktur des Temperaturgradienten längs Berghängen〈/a〉〈br〉(Wagner, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0067.pdf"〉Das unperiodische Element im Tropenklima〈/a〉〈br〉(Knoch, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0068.pdf"〉Zur Theorie der Maxwellschen Geschwindigkeitsverteilung in turbulenten Strömungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Ertel, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0069.pdf"〉Wie tief dringen die Polarlichter in die Erdatmosphäre ein?〈/a〉〈br〉(Störmer, C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0072.pdf"〉Gammastrahlen an Kaliumsalzen〈/a〉〈br〉(Kolhörster, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0073.pdf"〉Über die Form der Fernschallwelle〈/a〉〈br〉(Kühl, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0074.pdf"〉Die Seismizität des Südantillenbogens〈/a〉〈br〉(Tams, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0076.pdf"〉Eine neue württembergische Erdbebenwarte〈/a〉〈br〉(Kleinschmidt, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0077.pdf"〉Über den Zusammenhang zwischen Typhusmorbidität (bzw. Typhusmortalität) und Niederschlagsschwankungen nebst einer Kritik der Brücknerschen Klimaperiode〈/a〉〈br〉(Wenzel Pollak, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0079.pdf"〉Über die Abhängikeit der Schwerkraft vom Zwischenmedium〈/a〉〈br〉(Schlomka, T.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0080.pdf"〉On the Determination of the Lunar Atmospheric Tide〈/a〉〈br〉(Chapman, S.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0081.pdf"〉Die Wärmeumsatz durch die Wärmestrahlung des Wasserdampfes in der Atmosphäre〈/a〉〈br〉(Albrecht, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0082.pdf"〉Ein Universal-Induktionsmagnetometer〈/a〉〈br〉(Uljanin, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0083.pdf"〉Der große Staubfall vom 26. bis 29. April 1928 in Südosteuropa〈/a〉〈br〉(Stenz, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0085.pdf"〉Ein neues Verfahren der luftelektrischen Raumladungsmessung〈/a〉〈br〉(Wigand, A., Schubert, J., Frankenberger, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0086.pdf"〉Kurze Erwiderung auf Vegards Bemerkungen über sonnenbelichtete Nordlichtstrahlen〈/a〉〈br〉(Störmer, C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0088.pdf"〉Die Invariabilität und Abstimmung von Minimumpendeln〈/a〉〈br〉(Kohlschütter, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0089.pdf"〉Bemerkung zu der Arbeit "Die Invariabilität und Abstimmung von Minimumpendeln" von E. Kohlschütter〈/a〉〈br〉(Meisser, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0090.pdf"〉Erwiderung〈/a〉〈br〉(Kohlschütter, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0091.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu der Arbeit von Herrn Dr. O. Meisser: "Ein neuer Vierpendelapparat für relative Schweremessungen"〈/a〉〈br〉(Heiland, C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0092.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu den vorstehenden Ausführungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. C. A. Heiland〈/a〉〈br〉(Meisser, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0093.pdf"〉Das Epizentrum des südatlantischen Großbebens vom 27. Juni 1929〈/a〉〈br〉(Tams, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0094.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen auf dem Pasterzegletscher. I〈/a〉〈br〉(Brockamp, B., Mothes, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0096.pdf"〉Bericht über die neunte Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft vom 11. bis 14. September 1930 in Potsdam〈/a〉〈br〉(Mügge, Linke, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0097.pdf"〉Autorenverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0098.pdf"〉Sachverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0099.pdf"〉Literaturverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0100.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0101.pdf"〉Register der Geophysikalischen Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0102.pdf"〉Mitgliederverzeichnis der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft nach dem Stande vom 1. Oktober 1930〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/body〉 〈/html〉
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Aurora ; Deutschland ; Erdbeben ; Geoelektrik ; Geologie ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravimetrie ; Gravitation ; Ionosphäre ; Magnetismus ; Pendel ; Seismik ; Tiden ; USA ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English , French
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 11
    Unknown
    Koblenz : Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde (BfG)
    Keywords: Germany ; hydrology ; Deutschland ; Hydrologie ; Atlas
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Atlas liefert kartographische Übersichten zu gewässerkundlichen Grunddaten sowie zu den Themenbereichen Hydrometeorologie, oberirdische Gewässer, Bodenwasser, Grundwasser, Wasserhaushalt und dem Themenkomplex Hydrologie-Ökologie-Mensch.
    Language: German
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: Current information on the potential distribution and condition of peatland soils are of great importance. This applies notably for actions with respect to climate and environmental protection. The Ministry of infrastructure and agriculture in the federal state of Brandenburg (MIL) therefore initiated a project to provide a complete and updated map of peatland soils for the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany, for the year 2013. Extensive legacy data on both, areal extent of peatland soils as well as soil profile information where made digitally available in a homogeneous map and a consistent database. Approximately 7.725 sites were randomly selected from legacy soil data and currently reinvestigated to draw inference on the current condition of peatland soils. Statistically derived peatland subsidence rates at grassland sites of 0.50 cm/yr and 0.57 cm/yr at arable sites fit well with published values in comparable regions of central Europe. Our results prove the great dynamics of soil development on agriculturally used peatlands. Concerning Brandenburg, the area of peatland soils decreased from 270.000 ha in the early 20th century (Prussian geological map) to actually 163.000 ha.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Aktuelle Informationen zur Verbreitung und zum Zustand der Moorböden sind vor dem Hintergrund der geplanten Einführung von Agrarumwelt- und Klimamaßnahmen in der Landwirtschaft von besonderer Bedeutung. Das Ministerium für Infrastruktur und Landwirtschaft des Landes Brandenburg (MIL) hat hierzu das Projekt „Schaffung einer Datengrundlage für die Ableitung von Agrarumwelt- und Klimamaßnahmen auf Moorstandorten in Brandenburg“ initiiert. Mit dem Ziel der Bereitstellung einer auf das Jahr 2013 bezogenen Moorkarte wurden umfangreiche, bis dato nicht genutzte Datenbestände zur Verbreitung von Moorböden in Brandenburg zu einer überschneidungsfreien Karte und umfassenden Datenbank moorbodenkundlicher Bodenprofile verarbeitet. Um den aktuellen Zustand der Moorböden zu erfassen, wurden flächenrepräsentativ und zufällig an 7.725 Standorten mit ausreichender Datenbasis erneut bodenkundliche Erhebungen durchgeführt und statistisch ausgewertet. Im Ergebnis konnten Mächtigkeitsverlustraten für landwirtschaftlich genutzte Moorstandorte in Brandenburg abgeleitet werden. Für flachgründige Niedermoorstandorte unter Grünland liegen sie bei 0,50 cm/a, vergleichbare ackerbaulich genutzte Standorte liegen mit 0,57 cm/a darüber. Dies deckt sich gut mit publizierten Werten an vergleichbaren Standorten in Zentraleuropa. Die Fläche der Moorböden in Brandenburg hat sich von Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts von 270.000 ha, ausgewiesen auf Basis der Preußisch geologisch-agronomische Karte (PGK), auf heute noch 163.000 ha reduziert.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; peatland ; Brandenburg ; Deutschland ; Germany ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: Peatlands are intensively exchanging greenhouse gases with the free atmosphere. Natural peatlands, mires, sequester carbon dioxide as carbon in the peat and emit methane. Peatlands under agriculture or forest are mostly drained and emit carbon dioxide due to peat mineralization and nitrous oxide due to fertilization and nitrogen mineralization. In order to characterize the actual situation and to evaluate measures for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions measured values on gas exchange are needed. Within two national projects direct measurements of the greenhouse gas exchange have been conducted on a wide range of sites, covering different peatland types, land use forms and hydrological situations and using a standardized methodology. Between 2007 and 2012 22 sites have been studied in Lower Saxony over at least two years using the closed cover method. An overview on sites and results is given. Moreover, approaches to estimate the greenhouse gas emissions due to peat excavation and horticultural peat use are presented. Own emission factors and data from literature are used to estimate the contribution of peatlands and peat use to the greenhouse gas emissions of Lower Saxony. Finally measures for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are discussed and estimates on reduction costs are given from examples.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Moore stehen in einem intensiven Gasaustausch mit der Atmosphäre. Natürliche Moore haben über Jahrtausende Kohlendioxid aufgenommen und den Kohlenstoff als Torf gespeichert. Dabei haben sie Methan abgegeben. Entwässerte und genutzte Moore setzen den Kohlenstoff als Kohlendioxid wieder frei und emittieren zudem klimarelevantes Lachgas als Ergebnis der Stickstoffdüngung und der Torfmineralisation. Zur Charakterisierung der Ist-Situation und zur Beurteilung von Maßnahmen ist es erforderlich, belastbare Daten über die Treibhausgasemissionen der Moore zu haben. Im Rahmen von zwei bundesweit angelegten Verbundvorhaben wurden an einer Vielzahl von Standorten unterschiedlichen Moortyps, unterschiedlicher Nutzung und unterschiedlicher Klima- und Wasserregime mit einer abgestimmten Methodik die Flüsse der wesentlichen Treibhausgase direkt gemessen. Im Rahmen dieser Verbundvorhaben wurden in Niedersachsen zwischen 2007 und 2012 an 22 Standorten mindestens zweijährige Messungen mit der Haubentechnik vorgenommen. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über untersuchte Standorte und Messergebnisse. Darüber hinaus werden Ansätze zur Ermittlung der Treibhausgasemissionen aus der industriellen Torfgewinnung dargestellt. Unter Verwendung eigener Ergebnisse und von Literaturdaten wird eine Abschätzung der Treibhausgasemissionen aus Moor und Torfgewinnung für das Land Niedersachsen vorgenommen. Abschließend geht der Beitrag auf Maßnahmen zur Verminderung der Treibhausgasemissionen aus Mooren sowie beispielhaft auf Emissionsminderungskosten ein.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; mire ; peatland ; emission ; CO2 ; N2O ; Germany ; Deutschland ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Inst. für Phys. Geogr., Freie Univ., Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | ZB 20559:36
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: STÄBLEIN, G.: Regionale Geomorphologie ; KERTESZ, A.: Geomorphologische Kartierung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in Ungarn. Ein Vergleich der Methodik ; BOLLMANN, I.: Geomorphologische Daten und kartographische Darstellung ; PACHUR, H.-J. & RÖPER, H.-P.: Geolimnologische Befunde des Berliner Raumes ; REMMELE, G.: Holozäne Morphodynamik an Schichtstufenhängen — Untersuchungen in Nordwest-Irland ; MÜLLER, MJ. & STRASSER, R.: Holozäne Geomorphodynamik und Landschaftsentwicklung am Ostrand der Trier-Luxemburger Mulde ; KLEBER, A.: Zur jungtertiären Reliefentwicklung im Vorland der südlichen Frankenalb ; HAMANN, C.: Windwurf als Ursache der Bodenbuckelung am Südrand des Tennengebirges, ein Beitrag zur Genese der Buckelwiesen ; ZÖLLER, L.: Neotektonik am Hunsrückrand ; SEPPÄLÄ, M.: Glazialhydrologie des Inlandeises, eine geomorphologische Interpretation der Verhältnisse in Finnland ; JÄKEL, D.: Untersuchungen und Analysen zur Entstehung der Hamada ; GARLEFF, K. & STINGL, H.: Neue Befunde zur jungquartären Vergletscherung in Cuyo und Patagonien ; STINGL, H. & GARLBFF, K.: Tertiäre und pleistozäne Reliefentwicklung an der interozeanischen Wasserscheide in Südpatagonien (Gebiet von Rio Turbio, Argentinien) ; SCHMIDT, K.H.: Nachweis junger Krustenbewegungen auf dem Colorado Plateau, USA ; KUHLE, M.: Zur Geomorphologie Tibets, Bortensander als Kennformen semiarider Vorlandvergletscherung . ; STÄBLEIN, G.: Deutscher Arbeitskreis für Geomorphologie ;
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, FU Berlin
    Keywords: 550 ; 910.02 ; Geomorphologie ; Kartierung ; Holocene ; Irland ; Hunsrück ; Frankenalb ; Finnland ; Hamada ; Patagonien ; Cuyo ; Colorado ; Tektonik ; Gletscher ; glacier ; Tibet ; Deutschland ; Sahara ; Tibesti ; Darfur ; Sudan ; Libyen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: In addition to the widespread use of peatlands for agricultural purposes, which is also common in other German states, the raised bogs in Lower Saxony are still also used up to the present day for housing, as well as for industrial peat extraction. The Peatland Conservation Programme in Lower Saxony launched in 1981 therefore only covered raised bogs to disentangle the different uses, and to systematise the nature protection activities in raised bogs. The priority areas for the extraction of peat defined in the Federal State Regional Planning Programme are to be rescinded. The new State Development Programme being formulated will not only include the nature conservation of peatlands, but also for the first time, deal with the climate protection afforded by these very important storage areas for carbon. An important aspect in this regard is the incorporation of fens, and the discharge from peatlands into underlying water bodies. The database and the conclusions which contribute to the implementation of climate protection in peatland conservation programmes, will be discussed and compared with the peatland conservation previously implemented pursuant to the Peatland Conservation Programme in Lower Saxony. An overview describes various approaches for peatland and climate protection implemented by private initiatives, nature conservation societies, EU-Life-Projects, contractual nature protection, publicly owned businesses and authorities in Lower Saxony, research projects on alternative uses, and climate certificate trading. These varied instruments are compared to highlight their relative areal effectiveness, and relevance, followed by an estimate of the potential for future peatland and climate protection in Lower Saxony.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Neben der auch in anderen Bundesländern weit verbreiteten landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung von Mooren werden die niedersächsischen Hochmoore bis heute auch als Siedlungsraum und zur industriellen Torfgewinnung genutzt. Daher umfasste das niedersächsische Moorschutzprogramm von 1981 nur die Hochmoore, um diese verschiedenen Nutzungen zu entflechten und den Naturschutz in Hochmooren zu systematisieren. Die bisher im Landesraumordnungsprogramm ausgewiesenen Vorranggebiete für die Rohstoffgewinnung von Torf sollen gestrichen werden. In ein neu aufzustellendes Landesentwicklungsprogramm soll neben dem Naturschutz von Mooren erstmalig auch der Klimaschutz dieser wichtigen Kohlenstoffspeicher eingehen. Von besonderer Bedeutung sind hierbei die Einbeziehung der Niedermoore und der Stoffaustrag aus Mooren in unterliegende Gewässer. Die Datengrundlagen und Schlussfolgerungen, die zur Implementierung des Klimaschutzes in den Moorschutz beitragen, werden diskutiert und mit dem bisher umgesetzten Moorschutz nach dem niedersächsischen Moorschutzprogramm verglichen. Ein Überblick beschreibt verschiedene Ansätze zum Moor- und Klimaschutz von Privatinitiativen, von Naturschutzverbänden, mit EU-Life-Projekten, im Vertragsnaturschutz, von niedersächsischen Landesbetrieben und Behörden, von Forschungsprojekten zu alternativen Nutzungen und beim Handel mit Klima-Zertifikaten. Diese unterschiedlichen Instrumente werden in ihrer Flächenwirksamkeit und Relevanz in Beziehung gesetzt und das Potenzial für den künftigen Moor- und Klimaschutz in Niedersachsen abgeschätzt.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; peatland ; mire ; nature conservation ; Germany ; Deutschland ; emission ; bog ; Niedersachsen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 16
    Call number: PIK C 329-19-92388
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Vergaberecht ; Deutschland ; Vergaberecht
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: LXIV, 614 Seiten , 20 cm
    Edition: 20. Auflage, Stand: 1. Januar 2018, Sonderausgabe
    ISBN: 9783423055956 , 9783406722059
    Series Statement: dtv 5595
    Language: German
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 17
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    In:  In: BfS/BfR/RKI/UBA (Hrsg.): Klimawandel und Gesundheit. UMID – UmweltMedizinischerInformationsDienst, Ausgabe 3 (Themenheft), Dezember 2009, 13-16
    Publication Date: 2009
    Description: Beispiele Ambrosia, Eichenprozessionsspinner KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Phänologie
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  • 18
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    In:  In: BfS/BfR/RKI/UBA (Hrsg.): Klimawandel und Gesundheit. UMID – UmweltMedizinischerInformationsDienst, Ausgabe 3 (Themenheft), Dezember 2009, 17-20
    Publication Date: 2009
    Description: ausgedehnte Ambrosiaareale auch in der Lausitz und dem Berliner Raum KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Neben Sensibilisierung gegen Ambrosia auch Kreuzreationen bei Sensibilisierung gegen Beifuß möglich KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Phänologie
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2009
    Description: einheimische und importierte  vektorassoziierte  Infektionen, Gastrointestinale  Infektionskrankheiten KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Infektionskrankheiten
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  • 20
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    In:  In: BfS/BfR/RKI/UBA (Hrsg.): Klimawandel und Gesundheit. UMID – UmweltMedizinischerInformationsDienst, Ausgabe 3 (Themenheft), Dezember 2009, 21-23
    Publication Date: 2009
    Description: weltweite Verbreitung der Asiatischen Tigermücke Aedes albopictus innerhalb der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte im Zusammenhang mit Chikungunya-Ausbruch im Sommer 2007 in Italien KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Transportwege der Globalisierung als wesentlicher Faktor neben Klimaänderungen KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Infektionskrankheiten
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  • 21
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    In:  In: BfS/BfR/RKI/UBA (Hrsg.): Klimawandel und Gesundheit. UMID – UmweltMedizinischerInformationsDienst, Ausgabe 3 (Themenheft), Dezember 2009, 24-28
    Publication Date: 2009
    Description: Gesundheitliche Bewertung ultravioletter Strahlung KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; UV-Strahlung
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  • 22
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    In:  Kappas, M. (Hrsg): Klimawandel und Hautkrebs, Interdisziplinäre Projektgruppe CLIMAderm, Stuttgart, ibidem-Verlag, 25-51
    Publication Date: 2008
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; UV-Strahlung
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  • 23
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    In:  JDDG - Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, 2008, 6(8), 632-639
    Publication Date: 2008
    Description: Klärung der Studienlage zum potentiellen Einfluss des Klimawandels auf die Prävalenz von Haut- und Allergieerkrankungen in Deutschland KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: klimabedingte Veränderungen vor allem bei allergischen Erkrankungen, Hautkrebs und einzelnen erregerbedingten Dermatosen KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Phänologie ; UV-Strahlung
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  • 24
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    In:  In: Lozán, J.L.; Graßl, H.; Jendritzky, G.; Karbe, L.; Reise, K. (Hrsg.) Warnsignal Klima: Gesundheitsrisiken. Gefahren für Pflanzen, Tiere und Menschen.Wissenschaftliche Auswertungen, Hamburg, 121-125
    Publication Date: 2008
    Description: Fallbeispiel Sommer 2003 KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Zunahme von Ozon in der Troposphäre bei stationären sommerlichen Hochdruckwetterlagen mit hohen Lufttemperaturen und intensiver Sonneneinstrahlung, indirekt Zunahme von Feinstaub bei Hitze (〉30°C) und Ozonbelastung (〉200 Mikrogramm pro Kubikmeter) KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Luftverunreinigungen
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  • 25
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    In:  Kappas, M. (Hrsg): Klimawandel und Hautkrebs, Interdisziplinäre Projektgruppe CLIMAderm, Stuttgart, ibidem-Verlag, 1-11
    Publication Date: 2008
    Description: UV-Strahlungsbeeinflussende Faktoren Azimutwinkel, Bewölkung, Aerosole, stratosphärisches Ozon, biologische Wirkung in Abhängigkeit vom Hauttyp und Sensibilisierung (Jahreszeit) KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Einfluss klimatischer Veränderungen auf die Häufigkeit von Hautkrebserkrankungen sehr wahrscheinlich, bei vermutlich hoher Bedeutung des (thermisch motivierten) Expositionsverhaltens KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; UV-Strahlung
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  • 26
    Publication Date: 2008
    Description: zeitliche Trends und geografische Ursprünge der Vektor-übertragenen Krankheiten in Deutschland im Hinblick auf Stärken der bestehenden Krankheitsüberwachung für Hantavirus Infektion (endemisch in Deutschland), Chikungunya-Fieber (vor kurzem Schwellenländer in Europa) und Dengue-Fieber (importiert aus tropischen Regionen) KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 2001-2007 ; Umweltmedizin ; Infektionskrankheiten
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  • 27
    Publication Date: 2008
    Description: Studie zu einer prognostizierten Anzahl von Tagen mit Wärme- und mit Kältestress, basierend auf Klimaszenarien für den Zeitraum 2071 bis 2100 KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: schätzungsweise durchschnittlicher Anstieg der Zahl der wärmeinduzierten Krankheitsfälle um einen Faktor von mehr als 3 und für hitzebedingte Krankenhausaufenthalte 6, Verlust von 0,1% bis 0.5% des BIP durch krankheitbedingten Arbeitsausfall KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin
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  • 28
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    In:  In: Gostomzyk, J.G.; Enke, M. (Hrsg.): Globaler Klimawandel und Gesundheit. Schriftenreihe der Landeszentrale für Gesundheit in Bayern, Band 19, München, 2008, 75 – 85
    Publication Date: 2008
    Description: Pollensaison, -auftreten und -arten, sowie Veränderungen der Allergenität von Pollen unter Klimawandel KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: zunehmende Polysensibilisierungen gegenüber Inhalationsallergien durch zunehmend invasives Traubenkraut Ambrosia artemisiifolia KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Phänologie
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  • 29
    Publication Date: 2007
    Description: Studie zu einer prognostizierten Anzahl von Tagen mit Wärme- und mit Kältestress, basierend auf Klimaszenarien für den Zeitraum 2071 bis 2100 KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Prognose: größere Zahl an Todesfällen durch Hitze im Süden gegenüber dem Norden Deutschlands und zugleich größerer Rückgang der Todesfälle durch Kälte im Norden, Anstieg der Todesopferzahl durch zunehmende Hitze insgesamt größer als Rückgang der Opferzahl durch weniger Kälte KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Temperatur
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  • 30
    Publication Date: 2006
    Keywords: Elementarschadenversicherung ; Natural disaster insurance ; Versicherungspflicht ; Mandatory insurance ; Katastrophenhilfe ; Emergency aid ; Marktversagen ; Market failure ; Überschwemmung ; Flood ; Theorie ; Theory ; Deutschland ; Germany ; Hochschulschrift ; Thesis ; Dissertation
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  • 31
    Publication Date: 2006
    Description: Autochthone Malaria in Deutschland, Historischer Abriss, Nachkriegsmalaria, Aktuelle malariaepidemiologische Situation KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: klimatische Bedingungen ermöglichen Ausreifung von Sporozoiten in heimischen Anophelesmücken, historisch erwiesen KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Infektionskrankheiten
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  • 32
    Publication Date: 2006
    Description: Herleitung einer Formel zur Berechnung der Plasmodium-Sporozoitenreifungszeit KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Ausreifung von Pl. vivax- und Pl. falciparum-Sporozoiten im deutschen Raum möglich, Zustandekommen endemischer Malariaerregerübertragung bzw. Entstehung epidemiologisch wirksamer malariogener Potentiale dabei gebunden an das Vorhandensein von Gametozytenträgern und Überträgermücken KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Infektionskrankheiten
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  • 33
    Publication Date: 2005
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin
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  • 34
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    In:  In: Klimastatusbericht 2003, DWD, Offenbach, 152-162
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 2003 ; Umweltmedizin ; Temperatur
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  • 35
    Publication Date: 2003
    Description: Erfassung aller tatsächlichen oder vermuteten vektorassoziierten Krankheiten und Vektoren KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: viele Pathogene in Deutschland bereits vorhanden bzw. geeignete Vektoren stehen zur Verfügung, bei Einschleppung durch Reservoirwirte oder erkrankte Reisende sind autochthone Fälle zu erwarten KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Umweltmedizin ; Infektionskrankheiten
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  • 36
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    In:  Beiträge für Forstwirtschaft und Landschaftsökologie 2001(4): 4
    Publication Date: 2001
    Description: deutliche Verschiebungen der phänologischen Jahreszeiten, besonders der Frühjahrsphasen; für jede phänologische Phase negative und auch positive Trends entdeckt, z.T. auf engen Raum; Verschiebung auf Variation der Lufttemperatur zurückzuführen; Verlängerung der Vegetationsperiode, hauptsächlich durch Veränderungen im Frühjahr KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: KATASTER-DETAIL:
    Keywords: Deutschland ; 1951-1996
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  • 37
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Triplet recombination ; Electron transfer ; Radical ions ; Photochemistry ; Terpenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The triphenypyrylium tetrafluoroborate (TPT)-sensitized reactions of several terpene donor molecules, including sabinene (1), α-phellandrene (4), α-terpinene (5) and γ-terpinene (6) give rise to significantly different products than reactions induced by other electron-transfer sensitizers, such as 1,4-dicyanobenzene (DCB). The divergent reactions require decidedly different key intermediates; the products obtained with TPT can be explained by dissociative recombination of the intermediate radical-radical cation pair in the triplet state, generating donor-derived biradicals.
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  • 38
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Azides ; Cleavage reactions ; Cycloadditions ; Nitrogen heterocycles ; Polycycles ; Ring expansion ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---2-Alkyl-1-methylquinazolinium hexafluorophosphates 9 are deprotonated by sodium or potassium hydride to afford solutions of 2-alkylidenedihydroquinazolines 10, which were investigated by NMR spectroscopy. Trapping with methanesulfonyl azide (5a) of 10 in situ or subsequent treatment with trifluoromethanesulfonyl azide (5b) gives mixtures of colourless (15) and intensely yellow N-sulfonylimino-1,4-benzodiazepines 16 along with products due to cleavage of the exocyclic double bond of 10, viz. 11 and 13. The ethylidene compound 10b yields the bicyclic products 18 and 19, apparently by complex sequences of reactions that are triggered by removal of the acidic proton at C-2 of 16b and 16f. The structures of the products are based on spectroscopic evidence and X-ray diffraction analyses performed on 15b, 16d, 16e, and 19.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1589-1593 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Azaallenium ions ; Azaallylium ions ; Iminium ion ; Kinetics ; Linear Free Energy Relationships ; Ab initio calculations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The rate constants for the reactions of the 2-azaallenium ion 1b+, the 2-azaallylium ion 2a+ and the iminium ion 3+ with different nucleophiles were determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy. By correlation with the Linear Free Enthalpy Relationship (LFER) lg k20°C = s (E + N), developed by Mayr and Patz, the electrophilicity parameters E(1b+) = -3.7, E(2a+) ≍ -16 and E(3+) = -10.43 were obtained. They show that the relative reactivities of these ions are approximately 1012:1:106. Quantum chemical calculations (ab initio, DFT) of the methyl anion affinities for the ions 1b+,2a+ and3+ are in agreement with the experimental E values. The X-ray structure of 3+·CF3SO3- is reported for the first time; it shows no strong interaction between the cation and the anion.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1595-1601 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Oxazoline N-oxide ; Cycloadditions ; Cycloadditions ; Lactams ; Thienamycin ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---[3+2] Cycloaddition between a camphor-derived oxazoline N-oxide 9 and the γ,δ-unsaturated enamino ester 11 afforded the single adduct 6. A stereoselective reduction of the enamino ester side chain allowed the control of the absolute configuration of the two additional asymmetric centres. Nitrogen protection and oxidative hydrolysis of the resulting product 13, followed by further functional group manipulations, led to the β-lactam derivative 1, a known precursor of the β-methylthienamycin derivative2a.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1603-1607 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Boron ; Cyclotrimerizations ; Nitrogen heterocycles ; Macrocycles ; Subphthalocyanines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The regioselective preparation of ortho-substituted subphthalocyanides was achieved employing 3-substituted phthalonitrile derivatives as starting materials. A mechanistic proposal has been outlined.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under //http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2046/2000/99525_s.pdf or from the author.
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1609-1615 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Terpenoids ; Natural products ; Total synthesis ; Cyclizations ; Rearrangements ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---A new route for the synthesis of 2,7- and 7-functionalized labdanes starts from (R)-carvone (1). 11-Nordrim-7-en-9-one (15) is an appropriate starting material for the total synthesis of hispanone (21), a biologically active furolabdane isolated from the Mediterranean medicinal plant Ballota saxatilis.
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  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1623-1626 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Iridoid glucoside ; (8S)-Kingiside ; (8S)-Loganin ; (8S)-7-Ketologanin ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Natural products ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The tetraacetyl derivative 8 of the naturally occurring kingiside (8a) was prepared from aucubin (1). Intermediates in the synthesis were (8S)-tetraacetyl loganin (6) and (8S)-tetraacetyl-7-ketologanin (7), whose free (8R)-epimers occur in many different plants (Caprifoliaceae, Loganiaceae). The 13C NMR spectrum allows the structure to be unequivocally identified.
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  • 44
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Tetrakis(dimethylamino)naphthalenes ; Basicity ; Hydrogen bonds ; Cyclicvoltammetry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---For comparison to the recently described 2,3,6,7-tetrakis(dimethylamino)naphthalene (1) the three isomers 2,3, and 4 were synthesized. The basicities of this group of isomers are strongly dependent upon the different mutual orientations of the pairs of dimethylamino substituents: only the isomers 3 and, partially, 4, both with dimethylamino groups in adjacent peri-positions of the naphthalene, are strong “proton sponges”. For the isomers 1 and 2 with the same number and kind of twofold dimethylamino substituents in neighbouring ortho-positions, however, no significant basicity increase is observed. To explain this difference between the two groups of isomers it is suggested that in the ortho-pairs of 1 and 2 the C-N bonds diverge considerably, leading to an increased N···N distance and consequently to less stable [N···H···N]+ hydrogen bonds in contrast to the parallel C-N bonds in the peri-substituted isomers 3 and 4. X-ray crystal structure analyses of the bases and of some of the salts derived therefrom were solved and are discussed. Cyclic voltammetry indicates that 1 to 4 are strong electron donors, reacting easily to radical cations or dications which with suitable acids have been obtained as salts.
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1677-1683 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Radicals ; Cyclizations ; Pyridinethione ; Tetrahydrofurans ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Thiazolethione ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The trisubstituted functionalized tetrahydrofurans 10, 11, 16, 18, and 19 were photochemically prepared from 2,3-syn- and 2,3-anti-configuredN-(3-benzoyloxy-5-hexen-2-oxy)thiazole-2(3H)-thione anti-6, pyridinethiones 7, anti-8, and BrCCl3. The formation of tetrahydrofurans was achieved by an efficient and highly regioselective alkoxyl radical cyclization (5-exo-trig). The 2,3-anti substituted intermediates 9 and 12 cyclize stereoselectively whereas a 2,3-syn-configured O-radical affords both possible diastereomeric addition products in equal amounts. The cyclized tetrahydrofuryl methyl radicals were trapped with the bromine atom donor BrCCl3 to afford the bromomethyl-substituted cyclic ethers 10, 11, 18, and 19 in excellent yields. The utility of this reaction was stressed by conversion of one of the newly prepared tetrahydrofurans in a two-step synthesis into (+)-allo-muscarine (+)-20.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under //http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2046/2000/99590_s.pdf or from the author.
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  • 46
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Thioketones ; Thiocarbonyl ylides ; Cycloadditions ; Cycloreversions ; Sulfur heterocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Reactions of diaryl thioketones with diazomethane at room temperature afford 4,4,5,5-tetraaryl-1,3-dithiolanes; the scope of this surprising 2:1 interaction has been studied for decades (Schönberg Reaction). The clue to the mechanism was our observation that the stoichiometry is 1:1 at -78 °C, and 2,5-dihydro-2,2-diaryl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles are formed as primary [2+3] cycloadducts. They lose N2 at -45 °C in first-order reactions generating diaryl thioketone S-methylides which can be intercepted by thioketones (→1,3-dithiolanes), multiple CC bonds, or acids HX. In the absence of trapping reagents, the elusive intermediates either dimerize furnishing 2,2,3,3-tetraaryl-1,4-dithianes or give rise to 2,2-diarylthiiranes by electrocyclization. Beyond thiobenzophenone and diazomethane, our main model reaction, the studies involve fluorene-9-thione, 4,4-dimethoxy- and 4,4-dichlorothiobenzophenone. The ring of 2,5-dihydro-2,2-diphenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (8) is opened by LDA at -78 °C and derivatives of anion 12 are obtained. - In summa: The Schönberg reaction consists of two 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, linked by a 1,3-dipolar cycloreversion.
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  • 47
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Conjugation ; Boron ; Sensors ; Cyclic voltammetry ; Polymers ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---New electropolymerizable aromatic compounds (i.e. pyrrole, thiophene, aniline) bearing boronic acid and ester substituents have been synthesized and their electrochemical behavior has been investigated. Functionalized polythiophene and polypyrrole films could be anodically generated in acetonitrile, whereas the polyaniline derivative was electroformed in an acidic aqueous solution. The electrochemical responses of some of these materials were changed when fluoride ions were added to the electrolytic solutions. The strongest modifications, caused by binding of fluoride by the immobilized boron, were observed for the polypyrrole derivative in hydroorganic media.
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  • 48
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Zinc ; Palladium ; Catalysts ; Sulfur ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Organozinc halides derived from Grignard reagents behave differently in their reaction with ethyl (±±)-(2RS,3SR)-tetrahydro-4-methylene-2-phenyl-3-(phenylsulfonyl)furan-3-carboxylate (3) according to the hybridisation of the carbon ligand. During the development of short multi-component reactions for the synthesis of diverse functionalized ethyl 2,5-dihydrofuran-3-carboxylates it was discovered that aryl and vinyl zinc halides undergo clean reaction with 3 in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4. In contrast, when alkyl zinc halides are reacted with 3 in the presence of Pd(PPh3)4, reductive desulfonation of 3 is observed. Remarkably, in the absence of a transition metal catalyst, the allylic substitution of 3 with alkyl zinc halides proceeds cleanly and in moderate to good yield.
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  • 49
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Self-assembly ; Vapor-pressure osmometry ; Resorcin[4]arenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Resorcin[4]arene tetracarboxylic acids 5,6 (A) and resorcin[4]arene tetrapyridines 2,3 (P) self-assemble in chloroform solution to form stable heterotopic AP dimers. Data from NMR titration and dilution experiments, as well as from vapor-pressure osmometry (VPO), indicate that the AP dimer is formed with an association constant greater than 107 M-1. Solid-solution extraction experiments are indicative of the formation of a 2:1 trimer (A2P), while self-associated homotopic species (A2 and A3) can be detected by NMR and VPO. Analysis of the heterotopic noncovalent assembly process over a range of compositions shows that these other species are much less stable than the AP heterodimer, which is the exclusive species at an A/P concentration ratio of 1:1 (〉 99.7% of the total at 10 mM).
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  • 50
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Sulfoxides ; β-Amino sulfones ; Mannich type reaction ; Lithium perchlorate ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The LiClO4-mediated one-pot reaction of aldehydes with (trimethylsilyl)dialkyl amines and the lithium salt of sulfoxides or sulfones, affords the corresponding β-(dialkylamino) sulfoxides and β-(dialkylamino) sulfones in high yields. The aminosulfoxidation reaction of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes lacks diastereoselectivity, but the diastereomeric sulfoxides can be separated by HPLC or column chromatography for further use.
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  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1741-1744 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Bridged pyranose derivatives ; Ring enlargement ; Carbenes ; Glycosides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Addition of dichlorocarbene to the glycal (±±)-2 followed by cyclopropyl-allyl rearrangement leads to the chloro-2H-pyran (±±)-4. Oxidation of (±±)-4 and reduction of the obtained hydroxypyranone (±±)-5 gave the methyl pyranoside (±±)-6. The relative configuration of (±±)-6 was established by X-ray structural analysis of the corresponding acetate (±±)-7. The synthesis of the optically active starting materials (+)-2 and (-)-2 is also reported.
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  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1745-1758 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: CMP-Neu5Ac analogues ; Enzyme inhibitors ; Substrate analogues ; Transition state analogues ; Transferases ; Carbohydrates ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Quinic acid was transformed into phosphitamides 16, 25, and 36, which could be readily linked to 5′-O-unprotected cytidine derivative 17. Ensuing oxidation of the obtained phosphite triesters with tBuO2H and hydrogenolytic de-O-benzylation furnished the corresponding phosphate diesters 18, 26, and 38. Base catalyzed removal of acetyl protecting groups, and methyl ester hydrolysis furnished CMP-Neu5Ac analogues 1d, 1e, and 2. Quinic acid was also transformed into 1,2-unsaturated diallyl α-hydroxymethyl-phosphate derivatives (R)- and (S)-46, which on reaction with cytidine phosphitamide 47 afforded the phosphite triesters. Subsequent oxidation with tBuO2H and then treatment with NEt3 gave phosphate diester derivatives (R)- and (S)-48. Deallylation, acetyl group removal, and methyl ester hydrolysis furnished (R)- and (S)-3, respectively. Treatment of (R)- and (S)-48 with DBU as a base led to acetic acid elimination, thus yielding, after de-O-allylation, acetyl group cleavage, and ester hydrolysis, diene derivative (E)-4. Donor substrate analogues 1d and 1e exhibited good α(2-6)-sialyltransferase inhibition (Ki: 2.0·10-4 and 2.0·10-5 M). However, transition state analogues (R)-, and particularly (S)-3 showed excellent inhibition properties (Ki: 1.6·10-6 and 2.7·10-7 M).
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  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1759-1765 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cyclitols ; Aminocyclitols ; Glycosidase inhibitors ; α-Mannosidase inhibitors ; Deoxygenation ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Three deoxy derivatives 2-4 of the α-mannosidase inhibitor mannostatin A (1) were synthesized, and their inhibition of Jack bean α-mannosidase was evaluated in order to elucidate the roles of each of the three hydroxyl groups of the inhibitor. The 1- and 2-deoxy derivatives 2 and 3 retained some inhibitory activity, although reduced by a factor of about 100 relative to the parent, whereas it was completely lost with the 3-deoxy derivative 4. Structure and activity relationships are discussed in the light of these findings.
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  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1767-1772 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Circular dichroism ; Conformation analysis ; s-Triazines ; Chiral auxiliaries ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---CD data of the optically pure 2-[(R)-1-(9-anthryl)ethylamino]-4-chloro-6-[(R)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino]-1,3,5-triazine, 2[(R)-1-(9-anthryl)ethylamino]-4,6-bis[(R)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamino]-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis[(R)-1-(9-anthryl)ethylamino]-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine are presented. The analysis of the CD spectra by means of the nonempirical DeVoe approach has afforded the complete conformational characterisation of the three s-triazine derivatives, allowing us to establish how the conformation of these derivatives depends on the nature of the substituent 1-arylethylamino groups.
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  • 55
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cycloadditions ; Carbenes ; Nitrones ; Nitrilimines ; Pyrazolines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The reaction of tert-butylalkynyl chromium Fischer carbene complex 1 with nitrones 2 affords β-enamino-ketoaldehydes 4 by the light-promoted rearrangement of the corresponding [3+2] cycloadduct carbene complexes 3. On the other hand, [3+2] cycloaddition of chiral nonracemic Fischer alkenyl carbene complexes 19 with nitrilimines 10 yields enantiomerically pure Δ2-pyrazolines with high regio- and diastereoselectivity.
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  • 56
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Asymmetric synthesis ; Zinc ; Transition structures ; QM/MM computations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Trimethylsilyl substitutions of the fenchyl alcohols [(1R,2R,4S)-exo-(2-Ar)-1,3,3-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, Ar = 2-methoxyphenyl (1) and Ar = 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl (2)] yield the chiral ligands 3 [Ar = 2-methoxy-3-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl] and 4 [Ar = 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)3-(trimethylsilyl)phenyl]. Increased reactivities and enantioselectivities in diethylzinc additions to benzaldehyde are obtained from 3 (63% ee R) and 4 (93% ee S), relative to 1 (26% ee S) and 2 (73% ee S). X-ray crystal structures of 3 and of its methylzinc complex 3-Zn reveal out-of-plane bending of the methoxy groups as major geometrical consequences of the trimethylsilyl substitutions. Analyses of QM/MM ONIOM μ-O transition-structure models for 1, 2, 3, and 4 show that trimethylsilyl-induced distortions of methoxy and of dimethylaminomethyl groups explain the observed increased enantioselectivities.
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  • 57
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Palladium ; exo-π-Allylpalladium complexes ; Allylic alkylation ; Spiro compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The palladium(0)-catalyzed alkylation of 2,3-bis(acetoxymethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene 1 with malonate-type enolates as nucleophiles is investigated. A monoalkylated product is formed first, and undergoes (depending on the nucleophile used) a second intramolecular reaction leading to spirocyclopropane-annulated bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene derivatives 5. The formation of endo spirobicyclic cyclopropanes adducts as major isomer is rationalized by assuming formation of an intermediate exo-(π-allyl)palladium complex.
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  • 58
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Ketones ; Reductions ; Micelles ; Cobalt ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Operationally simple and environmentally benign procedures have been developed to selectively reduce different α,β-unsaturated ketones, 4,4-dimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1-one (1), isophorone (2), benzylideneacetone (3), chalcone (4) by NaBH4 or by the system NaBH4 + CoCl2. Alternative reaction media to the extensively used MeOH have been explored, and new procedures take advantage of the acceleration and chemoselectivity induced by water or by aqueous micellar solutions. It was possible to selectively and quantitatively afford pure products of 1,2 and of 1,4 reduction as well as the totally reduced compounds (yield and selectivity 〉 90%) by simple changes in the experimental conditions.
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  • 59
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: C-Glycosides ; Conformation analysis ; Molecular dynamics ; Selectins ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The conformational behavior of the C-glycosyl analogue of sialyl-α-(2→3)-galactose, synthesized as a glycosidase inhibitor, has been studied using a combination of NMR spectroscopy (J and NOE data) and molecular dynamics calculations. The obtained results show that the population distribution of conformers with respect to the orientation about the pseudo-glycosidic linkages is mainly controlled by steric interactions. This is in contrast to findings made for O-glycosides. In these natural compounds, the conformational behavior about the glycosidic linkage Φ is mainly governed by the exo-anomeric effect.
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  • 60
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 1815-1820 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Asymmetric synthesis ; Palladium-catalysed couplings ; Palladacycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Chiral C2-symmetric N-benzylazetidines have been conveniently prepared from optically pure anti-1,3-diols without loss of enantiomeric purity. N-Debenzylation led to the corresponding N-unsubstituted azetidines, which were then subjected to palladium-catalysed coupling reactions with aryl bromides to afford chiral N-arylazetidines. (R,R)-N-Benzyl-2,4-dimethylazetidine has been employed in the synthesis of a new cyclopalladated complex, which can be used, for instance, as a chiral recognition agent for phosphorus ligands.
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  • 61
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cyclizations ; Spiro compounds ; Nucleosides ; Isomerizations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Syntheses of the spiro nucleosides 2′-deoxyhydantocidin 3a and its 1′-epimer 3b are described. The newly developed route involves a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons condensation of the phosphonate 16 with the erythrose derivative 15 affording a mixture of six isomers which was fully assigned by NMR spectroscopy. The mixture was directly converted into the final compounds in an efficient base-catalyzed cyclization reaction. A base-catalyzed interconversion between the two isomers was observed.
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  • 62
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Benzodiazepines ; Heterocycles ; Azeto[1,2-a]-1,5-benzodiazepines ; Cyclizations ; Cycloadditions ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The reaction of o-phenylenediamine (4) with one, two or three equivalents of p-substituted 3-dimethylaminopropiophenone hydrochlorides 5a-e was studied. 4-Aryl-2,3-dihydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives 6a-e were obtained in good yields, along with the 1:2-adducts 7c-e and the unexpected 1:3-adducts rac-8c-e. The type of adduct formed is determined by the molar ratio of the reactants 4 and 5 and by the nature of the substituent in the para position of the propiophenone 5.
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  • 63
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cup-shaped PAHs ; Host-guest compounds ; Host-guest chemistry ; Cyclizations ; Semiempirical calculations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Cyclotrimerisation of benzo-polycyclic bromostannylalkenes 8a-d with Cu(NO3)2·3H2O in THF affords benzotri(benzonorbornadienes) 3a-d as a mixture of the syn and anti isomers. The ratio of syn to anti is close to the 1:3 statistical value in most cases (i.e. in cyclotrimers 3a,b,d), but highly in favour of the anti isomer in 3c, where steric hindrance by the methoxy groups plays an important role in the stereochemistry of the cyclotrimerisation. The substrates for the cyclotrimerisation, i.e. the bromostannyl alkenes 8a-d, were prepared from bromoalkenes 7a-d by treatment with base (LDA) and quenching with trimethyltin chloride. In turn, bromoalkenes 7a-d were prepared from alkenes 5a-d by radical bromination-elimination. The reaction conditions used were designed to minimise Wagner-Meerwein rearrangements that would lead to unwanted bromo isomers. The cup-shaped syn cyclotrimers 3a-d exhibit high electron density within the cavity as determined by AM1 semiempirical calculations of their electrostatic potential surfaces and are valuable substrates for supramolecular chemistry. As an example, it is shown that fullerene C60 is drawn into solution in acetonitrile by complexation with both the syn and anti trimer of benzonorbornadiene 3a.
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  • 64
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Carbene complexes ; Enamines ; Metallatrienes ; Cyclopentadienes ; Dihydropyrroles ; spiro-Tetrahydropyrroles ; Iminium carbonylmetalates ; Dimetallapolyenes ; Tungsten ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Reactions of the [(1-alkynyl)carbene]tungsten complex (CO)5W=C(OEt)C≡CPh (1) with 1-aminocyclohexenes 2a-c and 7a-c afford different types of products depending on the amino substituents and the reaction conditions. (4-Aminocyclobutenyl)carbene complexes B have been shown to be generated in the first reaction step through a [2+2] cycloaddition. These are key intermediates and afford cross-conjugated tungstatrienes E, (conjugated) 1-tungsta-1,3,5-hexatrienes G, or (non-conjugated) 1-tungsta-1,3,6-heptatrienes F by following competing reaction pathways. Cross-conjugated 1-tungstatrienes 3 have been isolated in 52-74% yield by performing the reactions of 1-aminobenzocyclohexenes 2a-c with compound 1 in pentane. In dichloromethane instead of pentane, (conjugated) 1-tungsta-1,3,5-hexatrienes 4 are obtained, which subse-quently undergo fragmentation to give cyclopentadienes 6 (by π-cyclization) and dihydropyrroles (by α-cyclization) in a molar ratio dependent on the nature of the amino substituents. (Non-conjugated) 1-tungsta-1,3,6-heptatrienes 10 are generated upon reaction of 1-aminocyclohexenes 7a-c with compounds 1, which are transformed into cyclopentadienes 12 via conjugated 1-tungsta-1,3,5-hexatrienes 9 as intermediates. Reactions of 1-tungsta-1,3,6-heptatrienes 10 with the (1-alkynyl)carbene complex 1 afford dinuclear compounds 14, which subsequently yield indenes 15 (by two successive π-cyclization steps) and spiro-tetrahydropyrroles 16 (by both a π-cyclization and an α-cyclization step), depending on the steric bulk of the amino substituent.
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  • 65
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Allyl alcohols ; Organocerium reagents ; Alkenes ; Addition reactions ; Cerium ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Alkylcerium reagents add to the multiple bonds of allyl and propargyl alcohols in good yields and under mild conditions. The double bond can be reduced with lithium aluminum hydride in the presence of cerium trichloride. The regiochemistry of the attack depends on electronic factors.
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  • 66
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amidines ; Chiral bases ; N-Acyliminium ions ; Enantioselective catalysis ; Chiral pool ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The synthesis of four enantiopure hydroxyamidines is described. One amidine was obtained from (S)-pyroglutamic acid. Its key step involved the addition of phenylmagnesium bromide to the corresponding ester, affording the tertiary alcohol without detectable racemization. The second amidine was obtained by coupling of an (S)-malic acid derived N-acyliminium ion with β-naphthol. The other amidines were obtained from an (S)-serine-derived imide which was reduced to two diastereomeric lactams that were eventually transformed into the corresponding amidines.
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  • 67
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 155-163 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Macrocycles ; Cyclizations ; Strained compounds ; Ketophosphonate ; Iodoalkyne ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Two strategies have been explored to build the highly strained eleven-membered ring 2, a potential precursor for the biosynthetic key intermediate of the protoilludane family: an intramolecular Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons olefination and an intramolecular Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi type-ring closure.
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  • 68
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Neutral anion receptor ; Hydrogen bonds ; Urea moieties ; Donor-acceptor systems ; Macrocycles ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The synthesis of macrocyclic and acyclic cleft-like anion receptors in which four hydrogen bond donating urea moieties are present in a preorganized fashion is described. NMR spectroscopy shows the complex formation with H2PO4- and Cl -. Cleft-like receptors bind H2PO4- in a 2:1 guest-host stoichiometry (Ka = 107M-2) in DMSO, whereas Cl - is bound in a 1:1 stoichiometry (Ka = 103M-1). The macrocyclic receptors form a 1:1 complex with H2PO4- (Ka = 103M-1 in DMSO) with a 100-fold selectivity for H2PO4- over Cl -.
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  • 69
    Electronic Resource
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 193-198 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Nucleophilic substitutions ; Azulenes ; Hydroxylation ; Amination ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Hydroxylation of azulenes with tert-butylhydroperoxide proceeds efficiently at the 6-position when the former contain electron-withdrawing substituents in the five-membered ring. Similarly, VNS amination of azulenes proceeds with 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole; its anion, being an active nucleophile, also reacts with unsubstituted azulene. A variety of transformations of 6-hydroxyazulenes, such as substitution of the corresponding sulfonates with nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, carbon nucleophiles and halogens, and the Claisen rearrangement of allylic ethers, is reported.
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  • 70
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Heterocycles ; Carbohydrates ; Imidazolidines ; Oxazolidines ; Spiro compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Prochiral 1,3-dihydroxyacetone forms racemic oxazolidine- and oxazoline-type spiro[4.4]nonanes upon reactions with potassium (thio)cyanate and cyanamide. In contrast, 1,3-diaminoacetone yields only the corresponding spiro-bisimidazolidinethione under similar conditions together with monocyclic by-products, but the spiro-bisimidazolidinone is accessible by reaction of 1,3-dichloroacetone with urea. The resolution of the racemic spiro-bisoxazolidinethione 2a was achieved by using brucine as the resolving agent.
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  • 71
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Homogeneous catalysis ; Palladium ; Acetoxylation ; Acryloxylation ; Addition reactions ; Cyclooctadiene ; Cyclooct-4-enone ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Palladium-catalyzed acryloxylation of several cycloalkenes in the presence of the Pd(OAc)2/p-benzoquinone/MnO2 catalytic system is reported. This oxidation reaction yields allylic acrylates as the sole products through the intermediacy of an η3-allyl complex. However, with 1,5-cyclooctadiene (3), cyclooct-4-enone (4) is the major reaction product. Its formation results from oxidation, which is also observed in the palladium-catalyzed acetoxylation of 3. It has been shown that this is the result of a 1,2-trans addition (acryloxy-palladation), followed by a β-hydride elimination, which yields an enol acrylate or acetate. A second Markovnikov-oriented 1,2-trans-acryloxy-palladation on the latter yields a palladium complex, rearrangement of which gives 4.
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  • 72
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino acids ; coupling ; N-Substituted amide ; Cyclizations ; Cyclic dipeptides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---A short synthesis of new, functionalized seven-membered ring cyclic dipeptides is described. After the coupling of N-protected β-amino acids to N-substituted α-amino tert-butyl esters, the protective groups of the terminal functions were removed and the cyclization took place diastereoselectively in the presence of the coupling agent BOP. Amide substitution was found to be effective in promoting the cyclization of linear dipeptides.
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  • 73
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    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 275-280 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Radical reactions ; Substituent effects ; Nitrogen heterocycles ; Dihydropyridines ; Pyrrolines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---A set of allene-tethered benzoyloximes (5) has been treated with nBu3SnH. Depending on their substitution pattern, a wide range of compounds has been obtained. If the stannyl radical adds on the allene, the C-centred radical thus formed undergoes either a 5-exo ring closure to give the cyclopentene derivatives 7 or a 6-endo ring closure onto the N atom to give the dihydropyridines 8. If the stannyl radical adds on the benzoyl moiety, an iminyl radical is formed which leads to the 3H-pyrroles 9 and the alkylidene-pyrrolines 10. Steric effects as well as polar effects are the factors governing the reaction course.Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under //http://www.wiley-vch.de/contents/jc_2046/2000/99373_s.pdf or from the author.
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  • 74
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Antibiotics ; Configuration determination ; Heterocycles ; Hongoquercin A ; Terpenoids ; Total synthesis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---(±)-Hongoquercin A (1), the racemate of an antibacterial fungal metabolite, has been synthesized starting from geranylacetone (2) and ethyl orsellinate (ethyl 2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoate, 5). The structure (±)-1 has been confirmed by X-ray analysis of its ethyl ester (±)-10. Synthesis of the naturally occurring (+)-hongoquercin A from (-)-sclareol (11) established its configuration as depicted in 1.
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  • 75
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Carbohydrates ; Amino sugars ; Protecting groups ; Glycosylations ; Trichloroacetimidates ; Oligosaccharides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The N-DMM-Protected lactosamine derivative 2 was readily transformed into the corresponding glycosyl donor 4 and into acceptor 5. A TMSOTf-catalyzed glycosidation afforded the derived tetrasaccharide 6 which led to glycosyl donor 9. Reaction of 9 with lactose derivative 10 as acceptor gave the desired hexasaccharide 11. Cleavage of all protective groups and N-acetylation afforded the target molecule 1b (lacto-N-neohexaose). Glycosylation of acceptor 10 with donor 4 furnished tetrasaccharide 16 which, employing standard procedures, gave acceptor 18. Glycosylation of 18 with donor 9 furnished, under standard conditions, octasaccharide 19. Cleavage of all protective groups and N-acetylation afforded the target molecule 1c (lacto-N-neooctaose). Both 1b and 1c were obtained in good overall yields.
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  • 76
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation ; Asimilobin ; Tetrahydrofuran ring ; Wittig reactions ; Annonaceous acetogenins ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The most efficient method for the synthesis of the trans/threo/trans-bis(tetrahydrofuran) (THF) ring unit was established, and the first total synthesis of (-)-asimilobin and its diastereomer was then accomplished in twelve and fourteen steps, respectively, from trans-1,5,9-decatriene, by a convergent route with a Wittig reaction as the key step. By virtue of these synthetic results, the absolute configuration of the bis(THF) unit in naturally occurring asimilobin should be corrected.
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  • 77
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 381-385 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Enynes ; Macrocycles ; Coordination chemistry ; Crown compounds ; Radicals ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The complex molecular structure and interesting activation mechanisms of naturally occurring enediynes have inspired the synthesis of a variety of simpler model systems to mimic their properties. While in most model compounds nucleophilic attack, isomerization or bioreduction are used to activate the unsaturated system for diradical cyclization, some attempts have been made to employ metal-ion coordination for this purpose. Significant enhancement of the thermal reactivity has been achieved by metal-ion induced conformational and electronic changes of suitably substituted enediynes, such as 1, 5, 6, 17 and 18. Enediyne activation by stoichiometric or catalytic formation of vinylidene complexes, such as 22, from terminal alkynes has also been investigated. This paper summarizes recent results pursuing the activation of enediyne diradical cyclization by metal ions.
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  • 78
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 419-423 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The first enantioselective synthesis of enantiomerically pure (-)-wine lactone, (-)-1a, a fragrance constituent of various white wines, and its epimer (+)-1b, was carried out. The key steps are allylic substitution of (±)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl acetate (2) with dimethylmalonate using palladium complexes of phosphanyldihydrooxazol L1 or of the phosphanylcarboxylic acid L2 as catalyst, subsequent decarboxylation, iodolactonization and elimination, furnishing enantiomerically pure bicyclic lactone (+)-7 in 47% overall yield. The diastereoselective introduction of methyl groups by SN2′-type substitution with an organocopper compound and by enolate alkylation gave lactone (-)-1a in 43% overall yield from (+)-7.
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  • 79
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Aplykurodins ; Marine steroids ; C-C coupling ; Cyclic peroxides ; Lactonization ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---An approach to the synthesis of aplykurodins, ichthyotoxic marine lactones, is presented. The carbon framework was derived from vitamin D3 by conversion of the readily accessible allyl alcohol 13 to the protected Grundmann's hydroxy ketone 22 and subsequent introduction of the C2 side chain through a Pd0-promoted coupling. Highly stereoselective hetero Diels-Alder reaction with O21 produced the key intermediate peroxide 25. Functional group transformations, coupled with a series of chemo- and stereoselective reactions, finally resulted in the synthesis of the unnatural analogue 17,18-dihydro-3,9-di-epi-aplykurodinone B (6).
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  • 80
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Zeolites ; Radical ions ; Ring opening ; Electron transfer ; Oxidations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Incorporation of trans-1,2-diphenylcyclopropane (1) and its 3,3-D2-isotopomer into the channels of a redox-active pentasil zeolite (Na-ZSM-5) resulted in the formation of exo,exo-1,3-diphenylallyl radical (2•) and its 2-D1 isotopomer, respectively. This conversion requires oxidation, ring opening, and deprotonation, in an unspecified sequence. The allyl radical 2• is also formed upon incorporation of trans-1,3-diphenylpropene (3). A comparison with the solution photochemistry, in the presence or absence of added base, shows the conversion of 1 into 2• to be a zeolite-specific reaction. Incorporation of arylcyclopropanes 9 (R = H, OCH3) into ZSM-5 generated trans-propenylbenzene radical cations 10•+ (R = H, OCH3); the 2,2-D2 isotopomer of 9 (R = OCH3) gave rise to three different isotopomers of 10•+ (R = OCH3).
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  • 81
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 485-490 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Calixarenes ; Tripodal cryptand ; Extraction abilities ; Cations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The tripodal calixcryptands have been one of the scarcely explored fields in calixarene chemistry due to the difficulties in their preparation. The strategy presented in this paper shows that novel tripodal calixcryptands can be conveniently prepared by directly treacing p-tert-butylcalix[n]arenes (n = 4, 6) with a multi-functional polypode reagent, e.g. 1,1,1-tris(tosyloxyethoxyethoxymethyl)propane or tetrakis(tosyloxyethoxyethoxymethyl)methane, under selected conditions. The first example of 1,2,4-tripodal calix[6]cryptands has been prepared. Novel calix[6]crown and doublecalix[4]arenes were co-prepared. The extraction abilities of these novel calixcryptands toward several alkali metal ions, ammonium and alkylammonium ions are presented.
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  • 82
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 521-525 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Allyl aryl sulfones ; Nitroarenes ; Condensation reaction ; Lewis acids ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Allyl aryl sulfones 2 react with aryl nitrocompounds 1 in a DBU/MgCl2 system giving the 4-arylsulfonyl quinolines 3. Some mechanistic aspects of the reaction are discussed. Application of this reaction to the formal total synthesis of the natural product (-)Eupolauramine is described.
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  • 83
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 527-538 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Furans ; Pyrans ; Dihydropyran-2-ylidenes ; Ring closure ; Addition reaction ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---On treatment with base the pentynones 8a-f undergo anionic addition reactions of the resulting enolate species to the alkyne moiety and afford the 2,5-disubstituted furans 10a-f in yields ranging from 10-91%. The proposed mechanism involves the 2-methylene-dihydrofurans 11 as intermediates which tautomerize to yield the observed products. In the case of the α-picolyl derivative 8g both possible enolates 12 and 13 are formed which are subsequently transformed to the products 10g and 14g, respectively. Starting with the hexynones 9a-e an analogous reaction takes place with the formation of the pyran derivatives 15 and 16 in comparable yields. Under the same reaction conditions the n-butyl ketone 9f gives rise to two isomeric compounds, namely the 4H-pyran 16f and the cyclohexenone 17. This result is explained by assuming initial formation of two isomeric enolates which react either by O- or C-attack on the carbon-carbon triple bond.
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  • 84
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Alkylations ; Deaminated AdoHcy ; Decarboxylated AdoHcy ; Mitsunobu reaction ; Nucleosides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---5′-Acetylthio-5′-deoxy-2′,3′-O-isopropylideneadenosine (8) was directly prepared from commercially available 2′,3′-O-isopropylideneadenosine (7) and thioacetic acid under Mitsunobu conditions in almost quantitative yield. In situ cleavage of the acetylthio function of 8 followed by coupling with different alkyl bromides proceeded with high yields. Deprotection of the obtained 5′-thionucleosides yielded the S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine analogues decarboxylated AdoHcy (11), deaminated AdoHcy (14) and 5′-[3-(cyano)propylthio]-5′-deoxyadenosine (16) in good overall yields. Direct deprotection of the thionucleoside 8 delivered 5′-thio-5′-deoxyadenosine (18) in excellent yield. In addition, binding constants of these AdoHcy analogues and the DNA methyltransferase M·HhaI were determined in a fluorescence assay.
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  • 85
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amino ketones ; Homogeneous catalysis ; Aziridination ; Copper ; Enols ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---A series of acyclic and cyclic enol derivatives 1 has been transformed into the corresponding α-amino-functionalized ketones 2 by means of enantioselective catalytic aziridination with chiral Cu complexes, prepared in situ from [Cu(MeCN)4]PF6 and the optically active ligands 3, by using (N-tosylimino)iodobenzene (PhINTs) as a nitrogen source. The best enantioselectivities (ee values of up to 52%) have been achieved for the electronically deactivated enol acetate 1aδ, but the incorporation of steric bulk and the substitution pattern at the enol double bond do not improve the ee values. The cyclic substrates react considerably less readily (only up to 45% conversion) compared to their acyclic counterparts (complete consumption). A transition structure is suggested for the asymmetric Cu-catalyzed aziridination of the enol acetate 1aδ in the presence of the chiral ligand 3b that could account for the sense of the (R)-configured product 2a.
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  • 86
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Porphyrins ; Chiral auxiliaries ; Macrocycles ; Pyrethroids ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Esters, N,N-disubstituted amides, and a N-acylurea derived from the enantiopure industrial intermediate (1R)-cis-hemicaronaldehydic acid (or biocartol) are convenient synthons for the preparation of a series of chiroporphyrins by condensation with pyrrole. These chiral meso-tetracyclopropylporphyrins are obtained exclusively as the D2-symmetric α,β,α,β atropisomer, generally in low to moderate yields (2-20%), and in the urea case in excellent yield (60%). Hydrolysis of the urea substituents affords a chiroporphyrin with mono-N-substituted amide groups. 1H-NMR spectroscopy indicates that the ester, amide, and urea stereogenic groups sit on the porphyrin close to the metal binding site and restrict substrate or ligand access along a C2-symmetric groove. This structural feature of chiroporphyrins and of their metal complexes is of high potential interest in asymmetric catalysis and chiral recognition.
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  • 87
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cyclophanes ; Molecular recognition ; Molecular shuttles ; Rotaxanes ; Template-directed synthesis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Two dumbbell-shaped compounds (8 and 11), each composed of two polyether chains intercepted by a 1,4-dioxybenzene recognition site, terminated by tetraarylmethane-based stoppers, and emanating from a central 9,10- or a 2,6-dioxyanthracene unit, have been synthesized. Two [2]rotaxanes (9 · 4 PF6 and 12 · 4 PF6) have been prepared by interlocking these dumbbell-shaped compounds (8 and 11) with a bipyridinium-based tetracationic cyclophane (15 · 4 PF6) - namely, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene). A [3]rotaxane (10 · 8 PF6) incorporating two cyclophane components (15 · 4 PF6) was also obtained when the 9,10-dioxyanthracene-containing dumbbell-shaped compound (8) incorporating two 1,4-dioxybenzene recognition sites was employed. The 1H-NMR spectroscopic investigation of the [2]rotaxanes (9 · 4 PF6 and 12 · 4PF6) revealed that the cyclophane component encircles one of the two 1,4-dioxybenzene recognition sites in the 9,10-dioxyanthracene-containing [2]rotaxane (9 · 4 PF6) and the 2,6-dioxyanthracene unit in the other [2]rotaxane (12 · 4 PF6). These structures have been confirmed by UV/Vis and electrochemical experiments. Comparison with the spectroscopic properties of simple model compounds shows the presence of electronic interactions which lead to (i) the occurrence of very efficient energy transfer processes in the dumbbell-shaped components and (ii) perturbations in the absorption spectra with appearance of two charge-transfer absorption bands and complete luminescence quenching in the [2]rotaxanes. For the 2,6-dioxyanthracene-containing [2]rotaxane (12 · 4 PF6), it has been demonstrated that the cyclophane can be displaced from the dioxyanthracene to the 1,4-dioxybenzene station upon electrochemical oxidation.
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  • 88
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 627-631 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Complex nucleoside ; Antibiotics ; Radicals ; Zn-Cu couple ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Homosinefungin 5, which can be considered as an analogue of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), has been synthesized by means of a sequence in which the key step was the addition of a radical, produced by the simple treatment of an iodide precursor with a zinc-copper couple, to suitably activated olefins.
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  • 89
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Amide linkage ; Phosphodiester ; Hammerhead ribozyme ; Oligonucleotides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---A nucleoside dimer in which the natural phosphodiester bond is replaced by an isosteric amide linkage has been prepared. This dimer analogue was subsequently incorporated chemically at the cleavage position of a hammerhead ribozyme substrate. Although the resulting substrate analogue exhibited a high affinity for the ribozyme as shown by gel retardation assays, the amide bond proved to be fully resistant to cleavage under standard conditions of ribozyme cleavage activity.
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  • 90
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Solid-phase synthesis ; Wang resin ; Hetero Diels-Alder reactions ; Dihydropyrans ; Reductive reactions ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The OH groups of Wang resin were esterified with benzylidenepyruvic acid (1) to give the immobilized 1-oxabutadiene 2. The latter reacted with vinyl ethers 3a-h (dienophiles) in the presence of Eu(fod)3, and the resulting adducts 4a-h underwent reductive cleavage with LiAlH4 to afford the dihydropyrans 5a-h in high (62 to 100%) overall yields. A similar sequence carried out under conventional homogeneous liquid phase conditions led to significantly lower yields. The endo/exo selectivity of the cycloaddition reaction was the same in both cases.
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  • 91
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Cationic amphiphiles ; Transfection ; Pyridinium salts ; Vesicles ; Lipoplex ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Pyridinium amphiphiles have found practical use for the delivery of DNA into cells. Starting from 4-methylpyridine, a general synthesis has been devised for the production of pyridinium amphiphiles which allows variation in both the hydrophobic part and in the headgroup area of the compounds. By means of differential scanning microcalorimetry, zeta potential, particle size measurements and cryo electron microscopy, some characteristics of the pyridinium amphiphile/DNA complexes have been determined.
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  • 92
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Pauson-Khand reaction ; Cyclopentenones ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---1-Methyl-norbornene ester 9 and 1-methyl-2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.1]heptene ester 10 were employed in intermolecular Pauson-Khand reactions with various terminal alkynes 11a-f to give the dimethyl 1-methyltricyclo[5.2.1.05,9]dec-7-en-6-one 2,3-dicarboxylates 12 and 13, and diethyl 2,3-diaza-1-methyltricyclo[5.2.1.05,9]dec-7-en-6-one 2,3-dicarboxylates 14 and 15, respectively. Whereas the co-cyclization of norbornene 9 with alkynes 11 bearing small substituents R resulted in the preferred formation of 12 (12:13 ≤ 85:15), regioisomer 13 was obtained as the major product when sterically bulky alkynes were employed (12:13 ≥ 6:94). For 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol 11e a strong temperature dependency of the regioselectivity was found. The ratio of regioisomers (12e:13e) changed from 95:5 at -25 °C to 12:88 at 120 °C in toluene. In contrast, reactions with 2,3-diazanorbornene 10 showed only moderate regioselectivities in favour of 14 (14:15 ≤ 69:31), regardless of the temperature and the size of R. The observed regioselectivities support a mechanism for the Pauson-Khand reaction in which the apical rather than the basal anti oriented carbon monoxide ligand of cobalt alkyne complex 1 is replaced by the alkene.
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  • 93
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Reverse-turn mimics ; γ-Turns ; β-Turns ; β-Hairpins ; Peptides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Conformational analysis of N-acetylated hexapeptide mimics incorporating a bicyclic lactam (1-4) was carried out by a combination of 1H-NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and computer modeling. The nature of the bicyclic lactam determines the turn motifs and the folding patterns of these constrained peptides. The (5,6)-bicyclic lactam derivatives 1 and 2, characterized by a type-II' β-turn (C=O3···H6-N), are very compact intramolecularly H-bonded structures. The (5,7)-bicyclic lactam derivative 3, characterized by an inverse γ-turn (C=O4···H6-N), is a quite flexible “tweezer-like” structure.
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  • 94
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 707-711 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Radical reactions ; Photolysis ; X-ray scattering ; Rearrangements ; Semiempirical calculations ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The previously reported tandem cyclisation of N-aryl α-(2-cyanophenyl)sulfanyl imidoyl radicals affords one quinoxaline derivative arising from exclusive 1,6-cyclisation of the final iminyl radical onto the N-aryl ring. When the imidoyl radicals are generated by addition of photolytically generated (2-cyanophenyl)sulfanyl radicals to isocyanides, the reaction also gives small amounts of a by-product that is formed by an analogous route and whose X-ray crystallographic data are reported here. The formation of this product entails a rare ortho-selective photo-Fries rearrangement of the starting disulfide, followed by addition to the isocyanide and regioselective 1,5-cyclisation of the resulting imidoyl onto only one of the two available radical acceptors, i.e. the cyano group and the sulfide moiety. Semiempirical MNDO-d calculations were performed in order to throw some light on the factors affecting these competitive cyclisations.
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  • 95
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 713-721 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Reductive alkylation ; Acenaphthylenes ; Carbanions ; Polycycles ; Single-electron transfer ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Reaction of the 5-hydroacenaphthylene anion with benzyl halides proceeds at carbon atom 1 as well as at carbon atom 2a, in the latter case creating a quaternary centre. The hardness-softness of the electrophiles was shown to play only a minor role in determining the regioselectivity of the reaction of the hydroanion with several benzyl and alkyl halides: the leaving group hardly affects the ratio of 1- and 2a-substituted products. This indicates that the alkylation might proceed by an electron transfer (SET) instead of an SN2 mechanism. Further evidence for SET was obtained by the use of free radical and electron scavengers. The substitution products 1-benzylacenaphthene and 2a-benzyl-2a,5-dihydroacenaphthylene could be isolated and purified.
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  • 96
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Isotopic labeling ; Isotopic labeling ; Isotopic labeling ; Deuterium ; Carbon-13 ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Three selectively labeled propynes were prepared either with deuterium or carbon-13 at position 3 and doubly labeled with carbon-13 at positions 1 and 2 by an alkylation reaction from the corresponding labeled or unlabeled monolithio acetylides and dimethylsulfates. Their lithiation with nBuLi gave the corresponding propynyllithium derivatives which reacted with dimethyl squarate to afford the corresponding propargylic alcohols. These were thermolysed in p-xylene to furnish [5-D3-methyl]-, [5-13C-methyl]-, and [5,6-13C2-2,5-cyclohexadienyl]ubiquinone. The farnesyl side chain was introduced onto the labeled quinones with farnesyl trimethyltin under BF3 catalysis to provide [5-D3-methyl]-, [5-13C-methyl]-, and [5,6-13C2-2,5-cyclohexadienyl]ubiquinone 3 (6c, 6b, 6a, respectively).
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  • 97
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Tetrathiafulvalenes ; Charge transfer ; UV/Vis spectroscopy ; Cyclic voltammetry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---4-[2-tetrathiafulvalenyl-ethenyl]pyridine (1) has been prepared from a Wittig reaction between formyltetrathiafulvalene and 4-picolyltriphenylphosphonium chloride hydrochloride. Conversion of the pyridine moiety of 1 by reaction with methyl iodide leads to 4-[2-tetrathiafulvalenyl-ethenyl]-1-methylpyridinium iodide (2a). Neutralization of 1 with a large excess of L-tartaric acid affords 4-[2-tetrathiafulvalenyl-ethenyl]-1-methylpyridinium hydrogen tartrate (3). These TTF-π-spacer-acceptor compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, and IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structure of 2a has been determined by X-ray diffraction. The cation is essentially planar. Examination of the bond lengths in 2a, UV/Vis spectra and CV data, and calculations indicate that an intramolecular charge transfer occurs in the studied compounds, although it is rather limited, and larger in 2a and 3 than in 1.
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  • 98
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    Liebigs Annalen 2000 (2000), S. 807-811 
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Proline analogues ; Asymmetric synthesis ; Schöllkopf's method ; Silicon ; Amino acids ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---The asymmetric synthesis of a new proline surrogate, incorporating the dimethylsilyl group at position 4 of proline using Schöllkopf's bis-lactim ether method, is described.
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  • 99
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Bisdiazenes ; Homoconjugation ; Photochemistry ; Heterocycles ; Diazenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Rigid N=N/N=N (diazene/diazene) systems (F) consisting of more or less alkylated DBH and DBO chromophoric units (1, 2, X-ray structures), with very short π,π distances [d = 2.849 (1a, av.), 2.822 Å (2)] and almost perfect syn-periplanar π,π alignments [ω = 168.6 (1a), 174.2° (2)] as well as the more flexible, less “proximate” metathesis isomers (3a,c, 27a,c, d 〉4.6 Å, ω = 90-100°) have been synthesized. Homoconjugate π,π interaction (in 1, 2, not in 3, 27) is deduced from UV spectroscopic measurements [π → π* maxima at 239 (234) nm (sh, 260)], while PE analyses furnished only small interaction parameters (1a: 〈0.3 eV). The potential of the novel syn-periplanar N=N/N=N motif in 1 and 2 for the synthesis of somewhat exotic polyheterocycles has been explored by calculation (B3LYP) as well as experimentally: i.a. kinetically stabilized, all-cis-peralkylated tetrazolidines (38, 44) and perhydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazines (41, 47) have become accessible (i.a. via novel azomethine/diazene and azomethine/azomethine cycloadditions). In 1a with its unreactive DBO chromophoric subunits, in the “buttressed” derivatives 1b-d, as well as in the DBH/DBO combination 2, and likewise in more ‘distant’ 27 (differently from the analogous C=C/C=C and N=N/C=C systems), irrespective of the excitation conditions employed (light of λ ≥≥ 280, 254 nm, low temperature matrix irradiation, acetone sensitization) no [2+2]photocycloaddition was observed. Instead exclusively N2-elimination took place. It is argued that unproductive N=N/N=N photocycloaddition would have become observable through metathesis isomerization of the respective tetrazetidines.
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  • 100
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Photochemistry ; Heterocycles ; Diazenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ---Of two very proximate syn-periplanar bisdiazenes (1,2) mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-N-oxides were prepared, representing six combinations of the individual N=N/N=NO/ON=NO chromophores. According to DFT calculations (B3LYP/6-31G*), [2+2]photocycloaddition to the respective oxidized tetrazetidines is significantly to moderately endothermic. The metathesis isomerization of the oxidized tetrazetidines is generally highly exothermic and kinetically increasingly favorable with increasing oxidation state. In practice, four out of the six bichromophoric combinations undergo selectively, in competition with N2 elimination from a DBH unit (13) still partially, metathesis isomerization upon π → π* excitation (monochromatic 254 nm light). In the case of the syn-N=NO/N=NO combinations (5/6, 14), the photoaddition is thermally reversed. For a ON=NO/N=N combination (30), internal electron transfer is responsible for a complex reaction pattern. The preparative value of the metathesis reactions, though, is limited: The metathesis-derived bis[diazene mono(di)oxides] undergo relatively fast secondary photoreactions, while the tri(tetra)oxides undergo rapid thermal transformations. For the N=N/N=NO systems (12), of three potential pathways for its metathesis isomerization, the one that takes place via σ-symmetric intermediates (63, 64) is excluded by virtue of the retention of optical purity in the photometathesis of a highly enriched enantiomer [(-)-12]. Matrix irradiation experiments (12 K, IR control) with 12 result in the appearance of a kinetically highly labile transient. Supported by DFT calculations it is concluded that in the metathesis reactions, the respective tetrazetidine oxides (increasingly destabilized by interactions between oxygen lone pairs and NNσ* orbitals) function as vibrationally excited transients. That thermal reversion of these transients might be a general, nonproductive competition, is suggested by the experimental verification of a “reversed photometathesis” (51 → 15) and by the generally low rates in product formation upon irradiation. The question remains to be answered why in structurally analogous molecular skeletons, [2+2]photocycloaddition occurs in the C=C/N=N and variously oxidized N=N/N=N, and not, however, in the parent N=N/N=N combinations.
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