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  • Other Sources  (1,831)
  • ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)  (850)
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  • 1
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    Development of an Aeroservoelastic Model for Gust Load Alleviation of the NASA Common Research Model Wind Tunnel Experiment (2020)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-23
    Description: As aircraft move to using composite materials as their primary structure they become lighter and more flexible as well. This presents some significant challenges in association with gust load alleviation. In this paper we develop an aeroservoelastic model for use in developing controllers that utilize distributed control surfaces for active gust load alleviation in a set of wind tunnel experiments. The model is based on an preexisting aeroelastic wing tunnel model and compares the baseline functionality to it. We also provide simple full state feedback simulations for the model.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: AIAA 2020-0211 , ARC-E-DAA-TN76375 , AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum; Jan 06, 2020 - Jan 10, 2020; Orlando, FL; United States
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  • 2
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    Development of Unsteady Pressure-Sensitive Paint Application on NASA Space Launch System (2020)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-01-17
    Description: The key measurement to acquire for understanding unsteady flow is surface pressure. Unsteady Pressure-Sensitive Paint (uPSP) is an emerging optical technique used in wind tunnel testing to measure fluctuating surface pressures. Recently, tests were conducted on NASAs Space Launch System in NASA Ames Research Centers Unitary Plan Wind Tunnel to determine the aeroacoustics environment and assist in developing the buffet forcing functions. Unsteady PSP data was collected during this test campaign. Steady state PSP data, infrared thermography, shadowgraph, accelerometer data, and dynamic pressure transducer data were also collected. In all 50 TB of data were collected during the three days of testing. During these three days of testing, a repeating transonic and supersonic alpha sweep condition was acquired. This paper presents these two wind tunnel conditions and examines how the temperature influences the PSP data. In the first large demonstration of uPSP in 2015 on an NESC-, AETC-sponsored wind tunnel test, lifetime PSP results highlighted the influence the model temperature had on the PSP data. A best practice of heat soaking the model before acquiring calibration images was followed during the test campaign presented in this paper. An infrared thermography camera and thermocouples were installed in the model to collect more details of the model surface temperature. Data processing schemes for uPSP are still in development but will be briefly presented here as well.
    Keywords: Aerodynamics
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN76119 , AIAA SciTech Forum; Jan 06, 2020 - Jan 10, 2020; Orlando, FL; United States
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  • 3
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    Inflight lightning characteristics measurement system (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-04-28
    Description: A research data-gathering system being developed for inflight measurement of direct and nearby lightning strike characteristics is described. Wideband analog recorders used to record the lightning scenario are supplemented with high-sample-rate digital transient recorders with augmented memory capacity for increased time resolution of specific times of interest. The endless-loop data storage technique employed by the transient recorders circumvents problems associated with oscilloscopic techniques and allows unattended operation. System integrity and immunity from induced effects is accomplished by fiber-optics signal-transmission links, shielded system enclosures, and the use of a dynamotor for power system isolation.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Florida Inst. of Technol. FAA-Florida Inst. of Technol. Workshop on Grounding and Lightning Technol.; p 105-111
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  • 4
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    Metallurgical processing (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-06
    Description: The metallurgical processing experiments on Skylab were chosen to: (1) elucidate the unknown effects of a low gravity environment on certain processes; (2) determine to what extent nongravitational driven flows operate in the processes; and (3) explore the possibilities of containerless solidification. Welding and brazing experiments were conducted to provide an understanding of solidification mechanics in a weightless environment.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Early Space Expt. in Mater. Process.; 37 p
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  • 5
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    Early space experiments in materials processing: Future programs (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-06
    Description: A list of the present state of knowledge in materials processing is presented. The fluid behavior in a low gravity environment is summarized. Materials processing in the Space Transportation System facility is discussed. Prospects for space commercialization are reported.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Early Space Expt. in Mater. Process.; 16 p
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  • 6
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    Post-Skylab activities (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-06
    Description: The Apollo Soyuz Test Program is described. A modification of the Skylab furnace was developed for the ASTP mission that had a maximum temperature of 1200 C, a programmed cool down to give more uniform growth rates, and a He quench system to shorten the time required to reach allowable touch temperature. The Space Processing Applications Rocket (SPAR) program was initiated to provide some continuity in flight experimentation. Liquid mixing, immiscible alloy solidification, composite materials, bubbles and dispersed particles during solidification, and containerless processing techniques were studied in the SPAR program.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Early Space Expt. in Mater. Process.; 45 p
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  • 7
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    Fluid behavior in low g (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-06
    Description: Several experiments and a number of demonstrations were performed during Skylab to elucidate the behavior of fluids in space. The purposes of these experiments were to confirm hypotheses on how systems would behave in a low-g environment, determine to what extent residual accelerations and nongravity-driven convection affected processes, and provide graphic demonstrations of fluid behavior in space for classroom use and to stimulate new ideas for low-g research.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Early Space Expt. in Mater. Process.; 33 p
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  • 8
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    Possible applications of space processing (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-06
    Description: Numerous applications take advantage of low gravity. These range from research, such as study of basic properties of materials or developing a better understanding of various processes and how they might be controlled, to actual production of unique materials, either in very limited quantities for research purposes to serve as paradigms for determining the limiting results of processes in which gravity effects are removed, or in large quantities, to fill certain high technology needs that cannot be met by other means. Examples of these are given in the following topics discussed: (1) crystal growth; (2) metals, alloys and composite materials (metallurgy); (3) glass and ceramics (containerless processing); (4) fluid and chemical processes; and (5) processing of biological materials.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Early Space Expt. in Mater. Process.; 60 p
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  • 9
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    The evolution of apparatus for materials processing on Skylab (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-06
    Description: The following topics are discussed: (1) the inception of space processing; (2) earth-based experimental activities prior to Skylab (drop tower and research aircraft experiments); (3) preliminary experiments in space (Apollo and sounding rocket experiments); and (4) Skylab experimental facilities. Apparatus for contained materials processing; for brazing in space; and containerless processing are presented and discussed. The Skylab materials processing system and miscellaneous design considerations are also discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Early Space Expt. in Mater. Process.; 48 p
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  • 10
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    NASA workshop on outgassing (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-20
    Description: The materials and processing constraints that are involved in the construction of a molecular wake shield for the shuttle orbiter are discussed. Stainless steel, having outgassing rates less than the required 10 to the minus 12th power Torr-liters/sq cm per second was the primary material suggested for the construction of the shield.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Proc. of Workshops to Define Eng. Requirements for a Space Vacuum Res. Facility; 17 p
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  • 11
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    Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on the assessment of models of a wake shield environment around various spacecraft, Universities Space Research Association (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-20
    Description: Models depicting the ambient atmosphere which can overtake the spacecraft vacuum shield are presented. The subject areas discussed are: possible changing effects on the wake shield environment; possible utilization of the induced environmental contamination monitor; present state of the knowledge of the parameters used to describe the intermolecular collisions; the possibility of using simple models to describe the wake shield environment; possible errors associated with using kinetic theory to calculate that part of the atmosphere overtaking the shield; and a general assessment of the Monte Carlo techniques used to calculate the shield environment.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Proc. of Workshops to Define Eng. Requirements for a Space Vacuum Res. Facility; 6 p
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  • 12
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    Proceedings of workshops to define engineering requirements for a space vacuum research Facility: Summary (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-20
    Description: Models depicting the collision dynamics in the near vicinity of a body orbiting in the upper atmosphere were studied to investigate degassing techniques for a vacuum facility.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Proc. of Workshops to Define Eng. Requirements for a Space Vacuum Res. Facility; 3 p
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  • 13
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    Waveguide arc study (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-01
    Description: Research on waveguide arcs is presented as well as an evaluation on an arc detector. Ways of improving the radio frequency arc generation include methods of generating RF arcs inside the resonator. Dc nitrogen arcs were used to study a spectroradiometer. The spectral strucutres obtained provide a general sketch of spectral distribution and their relative magnitude. The upgrading of a transmitter test light and the simulation of an LED array are reported.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 196-203
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  • 14
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    A transmission line phase stabilizer (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-01
    Description: To meet the phase stability requirements of certain experiments performed with the Deep Space Network, transmission lines carrying reference signals must be stabilized to reduce changes in their electrical length due to mechanical movement or changes in ambient temperature. A transmission line phase stabilizer being developed at JPL to perform this function is described.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 67-71
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  • 15
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    Platforms in space: Evolutionary trends (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: The problem of physical crowding and the proliferation of separate communication links and ground support systems for multiple free-flying satellites can be overcome by using space platforms and multiplexing the data streams. Pertinent features of the space shuttle orbiter payloads, the solar power satellite, and geostationary and geosynchronous platforms are discussed. Typical payload requirements data which are needed to allow meaningful study of payloads as candidates for platform implementation are cited and factors affecting the compatibility/grouping of payloads are outlined.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Proc.: Workshop on the Need for Lightning Observations from Space; p 159-182
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  • 16
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    Extraction processes for the production of aluminum, titanium, iron, magnesium, and oxygen and nonterrestrial sources (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: The suitability of existing terrestrial extractive metallurgical processes for the production of Al, Ti, Fe, Mg, and O2 from nonterrestrial resources is examined from both thermodynamic and kinetic points of view. Carbochlorination of lunar anorthite concentrate in conjunction with Alcoa electrolysis process for Al; carbochlorination of lunar ilmenite concentrate followed by Ca reduction of TiO2; and subsequent reduction of Fe2O3 by H2 for Ti and Fe, respectively, are suggested. Silicothermic reduction of olivine concentrate was found to be attractive for the extraction of Mg becaue of the technological knowhow of the process. Aluminothermic reduction of olivine is the other possible alternative for the production of magnesium. The large quantities of carbon monoxide generated in the metal extraction processes can be used to recover carbon and oxygen by a combination of the following methods: (1) simple disproportionation of CO,(2) methanation of CO and electrolysis of H2O, and (3) solid-state electrolysis of gas mixtures containing CO, CO2, and H2O. The research needed for the adoption of earth-based extraction processes for lunar and asteroidal minerals is outlined.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Space Resources and Space Settlements; p 257-274
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  • 17
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    The initial lunar supply base (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: The first lunar supply base should have a mass less than 1000 tons, be deployed by 24 persons in 4 months, and be maintained by 10 persons. Output could be expanded 20 times in 5 years to 600,000 tons/yr by a factor of 10 expansion of the area of the solar array on the lunar surface, using low power soil beneficiation, increasing the fleet of mining vehicles, and illuminating the base continuously at night with lunar orbiting mirrors. The space manufacturing facility (SMF) will supply most of the mass (solar cells and orbiting mirrors) necessary for expansion. Several devices and procedures are suggested for development which could further reduce the total mass necessary to transport to the Moon to establish the initial lunar supply base.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center. Space Resources and Space Settlements; p 207-224
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  • 18
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    Induced electric currents in the Alaska oil pipeline measured by gradient, fluxgate, and SQUID magnetometers (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The field gradient method for observing the electric currents in the Alaska pipeline provided consistent values for both the fluxgate and SQUID method of observation. These currents were linearly related to the regularly measured electric and magnetic field changes. Determinations of pipeline current were consistent with values obtained by a direct connection, current shunt technique at a pipeline site about 9.6 km away. The gradient method has the distinct advantage of portability and buried- pipe capability. Field gradients due to the pipe magnetization, geological features, or ionospheric source currents do not seem to contribute a measurable error to such pipe current determination. The SQUID gradiometer is inherently sensitive enough to detect very small currents in a linear conductor at 10 meters, or conversely, to detect small currents of one amphere or more at relatively great distances. It is fairly straightforward to achieve imbalance less than one part in ten thousand, and with extreme care, one part in one million or better.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 182-192
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  • 19
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    Prediction of solar induced currents and effects on power transmission systems in central Canada (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The auroral-electrojet zone covers three quarters of Manitoba and consequently, solar storms strongly affect transmission lines. Harmonics are generated at transformers due to the saturation of their cores by induced currents, and the level of harmonics produced may cause malfunction of control relays, and yield unacceptable distortions in normal ac waveforms. The expected effects of long ac transmission systems were studied with emphasis on a 500 kv line to be built from Winnipeg to Minneapolis-St. Paul. Spectral analysis of induced current records from Manitoba Hydro's LaVerendrye station and magnetograms from IMS stations in Manitoba were used along with results of Campbell's work on the Alaskan pipeline induction problem (1978) in order to predict periodic and surge currents. It is concluded that the surge currents will produce significant levels of harmonics and corresponding operating problems during magnetic storms.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 162-171
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  • 20
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    Harmonics of 60 Hz in power systems caused by geomagnetic disturbances (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Simultaneous VLF/ULF observations carried out near Winnipeg, Manitoba show that geomagnetic disturbances control the behavior of harmonics of 60 Hz man-made electric power. The harmonics of 60 Hz detected by the VLF receiver are at multiples of 180 Hz, indicating that they originated from a 3 phase ac power system. Under geomagnetically quiet conditions, only odd harmonics of 70 Hz were detected. In disturbed conditions, both odd and even harmonics were excited. The strength of each harmonic changed concurrently with geomagnetic pulsation (ULF) activity. These findings seem to indicate that a portion of telluric currents shunted into the power line system through the neutrals of the Y-connected transformers give rise to a dc bias to the transformer core materials and that it distorts their hysteresis loops, activating harmonics of 60 Hz power. A mathematical proof is given that a hysteresis loop having a point of symmetry generates odd harmonics only, whereas loops lacking in point-symmetry generally give rise to both odd and even harmonics. A general formula was obtained to calculate the strength of each harmonic based on the shape of the hysteresis loop.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 172-181
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  • 21
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    The problem of solar induced currents (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: The production of surface electric fields by geomagnetic variations is discussed with reference to magnetotelluric theory; and evidence is presented to show that the severity of solar-induced currents (SIC) at Cornerbrook, Newfoundland is due to channeling of currents induced in the sea through a region adjacent to the power line. An 'isolated loop' approximation is proposed for calculating the quasi-dc currents produced in the power system by the surface electric fields. Identification of the processes causing the geomagnetic perturbations responsible for SIC would be aided by investigation of the local time dependence of SIC occurrence. Such knowledge could potentially be used to provide several hours warning of SIC.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 149-161
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  • 22
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    Magnetic storm effects in electric power systems and prediction needs (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Geomagnetic field fluctuations produce spurious currents in electric power systems. These currents enter and exit through points remote from each other. The fundamental period of these currents is on the order of several minutes which is quasi-dc compared to the normal 60 Hz or 50 Hz power system frequency. Nearly all of the power systems problems caused by the geomagnetically induced currents result from the half-cycle saturation of power transformers due to simultaneous ac and dc excitation. The effects produced in power systems are presented, current research activity is discussed, and magnetic storm prediction needs of the power industry are listed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 137-148
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  • 23
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    Solar-induced variations of environment affecting manned space flight and spacecraft operations (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Estimates of short and long term solar activity are required for calculating variations in the environment with regard to spacecraft charging, radiation effects, and orbital lifetime. Correlations appear to exist between the time of solar activity and the time of operational anomalies due to electrical discharges when the dielectric surfaces of geosynchronous spacecraft are charged by interaction with the ambient plasma to levels above breakdown voltage. An ability to predict the solar induced variation variability of the plasmas could permit refinement of design criteria. The influence of the radiation on spacecraft materials, systems, and manned operations is summarized. Solar radition effects on the orbital altitude atmospheric density environment and spacecraft lifetimes are also considered.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 89-103
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  • 24
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    User requirements of solar-terrestrial predictions for spacecraft applications (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Areas which are influenced by solar-terrestrial coupling effects and which are internal to the Earth's magnetosphere are of interest to mission planners, spacecraft hardware designers, and those engaged in the operation of already orbiting manned or unmanned spacecraft. Accurate models are needed to predict energetic particle flux density, interactions between low energy (10 eV to 100 eV) near-Earth plasma and space systems, and neutral atmospheres. Parameters required for each of these areas are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Marshall Space Flight Center Solar-Terrest. Predictions Proc., Vol. 2; p 1-20
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  • 25
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    Extraterrestrial fiberglass production using solar energy (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-12
    Description: A conceptual design is presented for fiberglass production systems in both lunar and space environments. The raw material, of lunar origin, will be plagioclase concentrate, high silica content slag, and calcium oxide. Glass will be melted by solar energy. The multifurnace in the lunar plant and the spinning cylinder in the space plant are unique design features. Furnace design appears to be the most critical element in optimizing system performance. A conservative estimate of the total power generated by solar concentrators is 1880 kW; the mass of both plants is 120 tons. The systems will reproduce about 90 times their total mass in fiberglass in 1 year. A new design concept would be necessary if glass rods were produced in space.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA. Ames Res. Center Space Resources and Space Settlements; p 225-232
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  • 26
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    The processing of semiconductor materials (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-06
    Description: Five experiments involving the processing of semiconductor materials were performed during the Skylab mission. After discussions on semiconductors and their unique electronic properties, and techniques of crystal growth, these five experiments are presented. Four melt growth experiments were attempted: (1) steady state growth and segregation under zero gravity (InSb); (2) seeded, containerless solidification of InSb; (3) influence of gravity-free solidification on microsegregation; and (4) directional solidification of InSb-GaSb alloys. One vapor growth experiment, crystal growth by vapor transport, was attempted.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Early Space Expt. in Mater. Process.; 45 p
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  • 27
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    The promise of space processing (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-07-06
    Description: The long exposure to a virtually zero-gravity environment is a truly unique situation that cannot be duplicated or even approximated for any length of time on earth. The topics discussed are: (1) low gravity; (2) atmospheric effects; (3) potential advantages of materials processing in space; (4) the absence of buoyancy-driven convection; (5) the absence of hydrostatic pressure; (6) the absence of sedimentation and buoyancy; (7) containerless processing; and (8) ultrahigh vacuum processing.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Early Space Expt. in Mater. Process.; 37 p
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  • 28
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    Future exploration of the asteroids (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Future possibilities for the further study of the asteroids are reviewed, with particular attention paid to space missions for their direct exploration. The role of traditional ground-based and earth orbiting techniques is examined briefly, and it is concluded that although astronomical techniques are presently at their peak, and despite the opportunities provided by the Infrared Astronomical satellite, the Space Telescope and Spacelab Infrared Telescope Facility, the next major step will require direct exploration by space probes to obtain information on asteroid surface chemistry, geology and bulk properties. Various mission modes and propulsion systems for a first multi-target asteroid mission are discussed, including flyby, rendezvous, landing and sample return, and ion-drive propulsion systems. Science payloads for a basic rendezvous mission are considered, and target selection for multi-asteroid flyby tours and rendezvous tours is discussed. Consideration is also given to sample return missions for the evaluation of the asteroid as potential resources.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
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  • 29
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    Heat pipe cooled power magnetics (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: A high frequency, high power, low specific weight (0.57 kg/kW) transformer developed for space use was redesigned with heat pipe cooling allowing both a reduction in weight and a lower internal temperature rise. The specific weight of the heat pipe cooled transformer was reduced to 0.4 kg/kW and the highest winding temperature rise was reduced from 40 C to 20 C in spite of 10 watts additional loss. The design loss/weight tradeoff was 18 W/kg. Additionally, allowing the same 40 C winding temperature rise as in the original design, the KVA rating is increased to 4.2 KVA, demonstrating a specific weight of 0.28 kg/kW with the internal loss increased by 50W. This space environment tested heat pipe cooled design performed as well electrically as the original conventional design, thus demonstrating the advantages of heat pipes integrated into a high power, high voltage magnetic. Another heat pipe cooled magnetic, a 3.7 kW, 20A input filter inductor was designed, developed, built, tested, and described. The heat pipe cooled magnetics are designed to be Earth operated in any orientation.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: TRW-33572-6001-RU-00 , NASA-CR-159659
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  • 30
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    Multilayer self-structured bubble memories (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Research work on multilayer self-structured bubble memories is at an early stage. The coupling of bubbles to stripes is investigated theoretically and experimentally and shown to be adequate for propagation. Propagation of stripes is demonstrated both by current access and field access techniques. These propagation techniques are of prime interest because they can eliminate most photographic features from the storage area. Multilayer films offer great promise for higher-capacity higher-density memories in which most of the photolithography has been eliminated and the minimum feature size of much of the remaining has been increased. Furthermore, stripe propagation can be carried out with current access, providing a significant reduction in packaging cost and power consumption over field access devices.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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  • 31
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    LaF3 insulators for MIS structures (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Thin films of LaF3 deposited on Si or GaAs substrates have been observed to form blocking contacts with very high capacitances. This results in comparatively hysteresis-free and sharp C-V (capacitance-voltage) characteristics for MIS structures. Such structures have been used to study the interface states of GaAs with increased resolution and to construct improved photocapacitive infrared detectors.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Applied Physics Letters; 34; June 1
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  • 32
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    Gravitational influences on the liquid-state homogenization and solidification of aluminum antimonide (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Typical commercial or laboratory-prepared samples of polycrystalline AlSb contain microstructural inhomogeneities of Al- or Sb-rich phases in addition to the primary AlSb grains. The paper reports on gravitational influences, such as density-driven convection or sedimentation, that cause microscopic phase separation and nonequilibrium conditions to exist in earth-based melts of AlSb. A triple-cavity electric furnace is used to homogenize the multiphase AlSb samples in space and on earth. A comparative characterization of identically processed low- and one-gravity samples of commercial AlSb reveals major improvements in the homogeneity of the low-gravity homogenized material.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Metallurgical Transactions A - Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science; 10A; May 1979
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  • 33
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    Shot-noise in resistive-diode mixers and the attenuator noise model (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The representation of a pumped exponential diode, operating as a mixer, by an equivalent lossy network, is reexamined. It is shown that the model is correct provided the network has ports for all sideband frequencies at which (real) power flow can occur between the diode and its embedding. The temperature of the equivalent network is eta/2 times the physical temperature of the diode. The model is valid only if the series resistance and nonlinear capacitance of the diode are negligible. Expressions are derived for the input and output noise temperature and the noise-temperature ratio of ideal mixers. Some common beliefs concerning noise-figure and noise-temperature ratio are shown to be incorrect.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques; MTT-27; Feb. 197
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  • 34
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    A matrix solution for the simulation of magnetic fields with ideal current loops (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A matrix formulation is presented for describing axisymmetric magnetic field data with ideal current loops. A computer program written in APL is used to invert the matrix and hence to solve for the coil strengths which are used to represent the field data. Examples are given of the coil representation for (1) measured magnetic data, (2) refocusing fields, and (3) PPM focusing fields.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Oct. 197
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  • 35
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    Thermionic cathode life-test studies (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A NASA-Lewis Research Center program for life testing commercial, high-current-density thermionic cathodes has been in progress since 1971. The purpose of the program is to develop long-life power microwave tubes for space communications. Four commercial-type cathodes are being evaluated in this investigation. They are the 'Tungstate', 'S' type, 'B' type, and 'M' type cathodes, all of which are capable of delivering 1 A/ sq cm or more of emission current at an operating temperature in the range of 1000-1100 C. The life test vehicles used in these studies are similar in construction to that of a high-power microwave tube and employ a high-convergence electron-gun structure; in contrast to earlier studies that used close-space diodes. These guns were designed for operation at 2 A/sq cm of cathode loading. The 'Tungstate' cathodes failed at 700 h or less and the 'S' cathode exhibited a lifetime of about 20,000 h. One 'B' cathode has failed after 27,000 h, the remaining units continuing to operate after up to 30,000 h. Only limited data are now available for the 'M' cathode, because only one has been operated for as long as 19,000 h. However, the preliminary results indicate the emission current from the 'M' cathode is more stable than the 'B' cathode and that it can be operated at a true temperature approximately 100 C lower than for the 'B' cathode.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Oct. 197
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  • 36
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    Analysis of the interaction of an electron beam with a solar cell. III - The effect of spacial variations of the number density of recombination centers on SEM measurements (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: By means of an exactly soluble model the short circuit current generated by a scanning electron microscope in a P-N junction has been determined in cases where the trap density is inhomogeneous. The diffusion length for minority carriers becomes then dependent on the spacial coordinates. It is shown that in this case the dependence of the Isc on characteristic parameters as cell thickness, distance of the beam excitation spot from ohmic contacts, etc., becomes very intricate. This fact precludes the determination of the local diffusion length in the usual manner. Although the model is somewhat simplified in order to make it amenable to exact solutions, it is nevertheless realistic enough to lead to the conclusion that SEM measurements of bulk transport parameters in inhomogeneous semiconductor material are impractical since they may lead to serious errors in the interpretation of the data by customary means.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Solid-State Electronics; 22; Sept
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  • 37
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    Analytical prediction and experimental verification of TWT and depressed collector performance using multidimensional computer programs (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Oct. 197
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  • 38
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    90- to 93-percent efficient collector for operation of a dual-mode traveling-wave tube in the linear region (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An axisymmetric multistage depressed collector was evaluated in conjunction with a dual-mode TWT. Collector performance optimizations for the TWT operation in the linear range were stressed. Measured collector efficiencies in excess of 90 percent led to dramatic improvements in TWT overall efficiency.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Oct. 197
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  • 39
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    Efficiency enhancement of coupled-cavity TWT's through cavity resonance tapering (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The paper examines efficiency enhancement of coupled-cavity traveling-wave tube (TWT) through cavity resonance tapering. Beam-wave resynchronization through circuit velocity reduction is used for TWT efficiency enhancement, with circuit velocity reduction in coupled cavity TWT's accomplished through period tapering. However, the amount of the latter is limited by the stability considerations, so that beyond a critical value of velocity reduction, the tube may be subject to zero drive oscillations originating in the velocity taper region. The coupled-cavity resonance tapering allows the velocity reduction to continue beyond the limit of stable period tapering, and it is accomplished by a gradual reduction in the cavity resonance frequency, with the period and the circuit bandwidth unchanged. The advantages of cavity resonance tapering vs period tapering are discussed, and test data are presented with the results of large-signal computer calculations. It is shown that cavity resonance tapering can produce efficiencies as period tapering without incurring the same risk of lower band-edge oscillations.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Oct. 197
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  • 40
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    The use of the German V-2 in US for upper atmosphere research (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Early U.S. space experiments involving the liquid propellant German V-2 are discussed. Although the primary objective of the experiments conducted under project Hermes after World War II was initially the development of missile technology, scientific objectives were soon given the priority. The missile was modified for scientific experiments and the payload increased from 6.8% to 47% between 1946 and 1949. Among other instruments, the payload included a cosmic ray telescope, ionosphere transmitter and spectrograph for solar spectral measurements. While the scientific success of the program established a positive public attitude towards space research, the Upper Atmosphere Research Panel, formed to coordinate the project, set a pattern for future scientific advisory bodies.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: vol. 32; Dec. 197
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  • 41
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    Two-dimensional representations of axisymmetric fields for computer calculations (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An accurate representation of axisymmetric fields has been devised by extending the method of ideal current loops to off-axis fields. It is assumed that the data to be simulated are available through measurements or through a solution of a boundary value problem. The method provides an algebraic expression for the fields throughout a two-dimensional region of interest and eliminates the need for the axial expansion formula in approximating off-axis fields. The use of Gaussian and other functions as alternatives to the coil function is proposed. Examples of the technique in simulating a periodic permanent magnet (PPM) focusing field are presented and compared with a Fourier analysis of the problem.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Nov. 197
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  • 42
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    Annual Conference on Nuclear and Space Radiation Effects, 16th, Santa Cruz, Calif., July 17-20, 1979, Proceedings (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Papers are presented on the following topics: radiation effects in bipolar microcircuits; basic radiation mechanisms in materials and devices; energy deposition and dosimetry; and system responses from SGEMP, IEMP, and EMP. Also considered are basic processes in SGEMP and IEMP, radiation effects in MOS microcircuits, and space radiation effects and spacecraft charging.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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  • 43
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    Noise and loss in balanced and subharmonically pumped mixers. I - Theory. II - Application (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The theory of noise and frequency conversion for two-diode balanced and subharmonically pumped mixers is presented. The analysis is based on the equivalent circuit of the Schottky diode, having nonlinear capacitance, series resistance, and shot and thermal noise. Expressions for the conversion loss, noise temperature, and input and output impedances are determined in a form suitable for numerical analysis. In Part II, the application of the theory to practical mixers is demonstrated, and the properties of some two-diode mixers are examined. The subharmonically pumped mixer is found to be much more strongly affected by the loop inductance than the balanced mixer, and the ideal two-diode mixer using exponential diodes has a multiport noise-equivalent network (attenuator) similar to that of the ideal single-diode mixer. It is concluded that the theory can be extended to mixers with more than two diodes and will be useful for their design and analysis, provided a suitable nonlinear analysis is available to determine the diode waveforms.
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  • 44
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    Extension of a theorem used in the investigation of P-N junctions with the scanning electron microscope to arbitrary geometries and arbitrarily inhomogeneous material (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Applied Physics Letters; 35; Sept. 1
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  • 45
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    A note on photocurrents in extrinsic semiconductors (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The advent of the concept of holes and careful determination of mobilities have made it possible to realize that the potential difference between the contacts of an irradiated semiconductor in the absence of current flow is due to the difference in mobility of electrons and holes. In this paper, a preliminary analysis shows that charge neutrality and zero-current condition are compatible. This situation is clarified and it is found that the equation for the electric field E in the absence of current is not absolutely correct even under low-level injection conditions. In particular, it is shown that fairly large currents can be generated by suitable light sources, currents which are entirely due to the disparity between electron and hole mobilities.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Solid-State Electronics; 22; Mar. 197
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  • 46
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    Comments on measuring the overall and the depressed collector efficiency in TWT's and klystron amplifiers (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Kosmahl and Ramins (1977), who reported results achieved with broadband, high-performance TWT's, augmented with multistage depressed collectors for higher overall efficiency, have pointed out the necessity for accurately measuring and correctly defining the various power terms involved. In view of the now wide-spread use of depressed collectors and reported results, the definitions of tube and collector efficiency are restated and comments are provided on the sensitivity of these terms to various sources of experimental and definitional errors in order to permit a uniform evaluation of collector performance.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices; ED-26; Feb. 197
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  • 47
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    On the determination of diffusion lengths by means of angle-lapped p-n junctions (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A standard procedure for determining the minority carrier diffusion length by means of SEM consists of scanning an angle-lapped surface of a p-n junction and measuring the resulting short circuit current as a function of beam position. The present paper points out that the usual expression linking the short circuit current induced by the electron beam to the angle between the semiconductor surface and the junction plane is incorrect. The correct expression is discussed and it is noted that, for angles less than 10 deg, the new and the old expression are practically indistinguishable.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Solid-State Electronics; 22; Jan. 197
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  • 48
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    Space Shuttle communications RF switch matrix (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The Shuttle Orbiter communications equipment includes phase modulation (PM) and frequency modulation (FM) channels. The PM section has the capability of routing high levels of energy (175 W) from any one of four transmitters to any one of four antennas, mutually exclusive. The FM channel uses a maximum of 15-W power routed from either of two transmitters to one of two antennas, mutually exclusive. The paper describes the design and the theory of a logic-controlled RF switch matrix devised for the purposes cited. Both PM and FM channels are computer-controlled with manual overrides. The logic interface is realized with CMOS logic for low power consumption and high noise immunity. The interior of the switch matrix is maintained at a pressure of 15 psi (90% nitrogen, 10% helium) by an electron beam-welded encapsulation. The computational results confirm the viability of the RF switch matrix concept.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Microwave Journal; 22; Jan. 197
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  • 49
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    Comment on the mechanism of operation of the impregnated tungsten cathode (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Recent life-test measurements, over 20,000-30,000 h, on impregnated tungsten cathodes in tubes employing an open-type electron-gun structure, show emission current degradation with time. This is in contrast to those recently published by Rittner on B-type cathodes, run in close-spaced diodes, taken some years ago. These more recent life-test results are consistent with the model suggested by Forman and disputed by Rittner that the barium coverage on an impregnated cathode is less than a monolayer for most of its life and decreases with time.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Journal of Applied Physics; 50; Mar. 197
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  • 50
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    Internal stress and degradation in short-wavelength AlGaAs double-heterojunction devices (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Aging tests of incoherently operated zinc-doped double-heterojunction (DH) lasers designed for short-wavelength (0.71-0.72 micron) operation show that the introduction of buffer layers between the substrate and the DH structure leads to a drastic reduction in gradual degradation. This is attributed to a decrease in lattice mismatch stress.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Electronics Letters; 15; June 7
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  • 51
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    Radiation hardened PMOS process with ion implanted threshold adjust (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: By including specific process modifications the effect of ion implantation on radiation hardness can be minimized and radiation hard ion implanted MOS circuits can be fabricated. The experimental procedure followed was to examine key processing steps (with respect to radiation hardness) on ion-implanted individual PMOS transistors. The individual transistors were evaluated by continuously monitoring the threshold voltage as the transistors were being irradiated. By comparing runs it was possible to deduce what is considered a radiation hard ion implanted process. Tests with a complex LSI PMOS IC processor chip containing over 2000 transistors and resistors were also conducted
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  • 52
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    Internal noise of a phase-locked receiver with a loop-controlled synthesizer (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A local oscillator design that uses a digitally programmed frequency synthesizer instead of an analog VCO was proposed. The integral of the synthesizer input, the digital phase, is a convenient measure of integrated Doppler. The internal noise of such a receiver was examined. At high carrier margin, the local oscillator phase noise equals that of the Block IV receiver, about 2 deg rms at S-band, whereas the digital phase noise is about 0.5 deg rms.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 41-50
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  • 53
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    Gyrotron: A high-frequency microwave amplifier (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A proposed microwave amplifier mechanism for future generations of millimeter high power uplinks to spacecraft and planetary radar transmitters is introduced. Basic electron-electromagnetic field interaction theory for RF power gain is explained. The starting point for general analytical methods leading to detailed design results is presented.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 8-12
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  • 54
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    Automatic filament warm-up controller (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: As part of the unattended operations objective of the Deep Space Network deep space stations, this filament controller serves as a step between manual operation of the station and complete computer control. Formerly, the operator was required to devote five to fifteen minutes of his time just to properly warm up the filaments on the klystrons of the high power transmitters. The filament controller reduces the operator's duty to a one-step command and is future-compatible with various forms of computer control.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: The Deep Space Network; p 132-133
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  • 55
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    Shuttle-tethered satellite system definition study. Volume 1: Executive study (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Tethered Satellite System has great prospects for extending orbital operations capability of the Space Transportation System to science, applications, and technology projects not otherwise attainable. The system will installed in the Shuttle Orbiter and will have the capability to deploy a captive satellite up to 100 km away from the Orbiter. Control and retrieval of the satellite are accomplished by means of a tether line connecting the satellite and the cargo bay mounted equipment in the Orbiter. At low satellite altitudes, the system will permit investigations of a duration that could not be pursued with sounding rockets of free-flying spacecraft. The propose of the Shuttle/Tethered Satellite System Definition Study was to produce the preliminary design, preliminary specifications, gross program plans, and program cost estimate for a 1982 operational verification flight. This was accomplished during a fifteen month effort under by the NASA George C. Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC). The MSFC Phase 1 and related studies demonstrated the feasibility of the system and served as a starting point for the Phase 2 definition study.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-171474 , NAS 1.26:171474 , DRMA-05-VOL-1 , DPD-544-VOL-1
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  • 56
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    Development program on a cold cathode electron gun (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A prototype electron gun with a field emitter cathode capable of producing 95 mA in a 1/4 mm diameter beam at 12 kV was produced. Achievement of this goal required supporting studies in cathode fabrication, cathode performance, gun design, cathode mounting and gun fabrication. A series of empirical investigations advanced fabrication technology: More stable emitters were produced and multiple cone failure caused by chain reaction discharges were reduced. The cathode is capable of producing well over 95 mA, but a substantial collector development effort was required to demonstrate emission levels in the 100 mA region. Space charge problems made these levels difficult to achieve. Recommendations are made for future process and materials investigation. Electron gun designs were modeled and tested. A pair of two-electrode gun structures were fabricated and tested; one gun was delivered to NASA. Cathodes were pretested up to 100 mA at SRI and delivered to NASA for test in the gun structure.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-159570 , SRI-5413
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  • 57
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    The 2.2 GHz Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) oscillator development Ku-band frequency source development (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Two 2.2 GHz SAW oscillators using aluminum nitride on sapphire (AlN/Al2O3) delay lines were fabricated. The oscillators were electronically temperature compensated and characterized. One of the oscillators was used as the frequency reference for the Ku band source; the second oscillator is available for continued evaluation. A 15 GHz frequency source was designed and fabricated. The 15 GHz source consists of a Ku band FET oscillator which is phase locked to the frequency multiplied (X7) output of the 2.2 GHz SAW reference source. The Ku band source was built using microstrip circuit designs, which are hybrid compatible. Two wafer runs of 2.2 GHz TED devices were fabricated and evaluated. The devices were mounted on microstrip test substrates and evaluated as 15 GHz divide by 7 circuits. The device evaluation indicated that in their present form the TED is not a practical circuit element.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-160080
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  • 58
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    NOSS flight segment concept study (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An 11 ft wide by 26.5 ft long flat structure weighing almost 14,469 pounds evolved during a low level, inhouse conceptual design study for a national oceanic satellite system spacecraft that would stow directly in the space shuttle. Following STS launch to a 300 Km mission orbit inclination, transfer will be effected to a 800 Km Sun synchronous circular orbit. The instrument completement includes 2 altimeters, 1 scatterometer, 1 large antenna multichannel microwave radiometer, and a coastal zone scanner. The spacecraft, its instruments, and interfaces with STS and TDRSS are described. The mission timeline, potential problem areas, system drivers, and recommended study areas are discussed. Drawings and system block diagrams are included.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-82307
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  • 59
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    Standard Transistor Array (STAR). Volume 2, addendum 1: SIMLOG/TESTGN user's guide (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A brief introduction to the SIMLOG/TESTGN system of programs is given. Detailed instructions on how to use the system are also included. SIMLOG is a logic simulation program. TESTGN is a test pattern generation program.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-161295
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  • 60
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    Standard Transistor Array (STAR). Volume 2: Test pattern generation (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Testing of large scale integrated logic circuits is considered from the point-of-view of automatic test pattern generation. A logic simulator based approach for automatic test pattern generation is taken and is described. The logic model and the timing model used in the simulator are also described. Two methods are presented for generating test patterns from the output of the simulator. Recommendations for future study are also presented.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-161294
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  • 61
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    Standard Transistor Array (STAR). Volume 1, addendum 2: CAPSTAR programmer's guide (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Instructions are given for updating and maintaining the cell arrangement program for the standard transistor array (CAPSTAR).
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-161292
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    Standard Transistor Array (STAR). Volume 1, addendum 1: CAPSTAR user's guide (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The cell placement techniques developed for use with the standard transistor array were incorporated in the cell arrangement program for STAR (CAPSTAR). Instructions for use of this program are given.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-161291
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  • 63
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    Standard Transistor Array (STAR). Volume 1: Placement technique (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A large scale integration (LSI) technology, the standard transistor array uses a prefabricated understructure of transistors and a comprehensive library of digital logic cells to allow efficient fabrication of semicustom digital LSI circuits. The cell placement technique for this technology involves formation of a one dimensional cell layout and "folding" of the one dimensional placement onto the chip. It was found that, by use of various folding methods, high quality chip layouts can be achieved. Methods developed to measure of the "goodness" of the generated placements include efficient means for estimating channel usage requirements and for via counting. The placement and rating techniques were incorporated into a placement program (CAPSTAR). By means of repetitive use of the folding methods and simple placement improvement strategies, this program provides near optimum placements in a reasonable amount of time. The program was tested on several typical LSI circuits to provide performance comparisons both with respect to input parameters and with respect to the performance of other placement techniques. The results of this testing indicate that near optimum placements can be achieved by use of the procedures incurring severe time penalties.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-161289
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  • 64
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    The MSFC complementary metal oxide semiconductor (including multilevel interconnect metallization) process handbook (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The fabrication techniques for creation of complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuits at George C. Marshall Space Flight Center are described. Examples of C-MOS integrated circuits manufactured at MSFC are presented with functional descriptions of each. Typical electrical characteristics of both p-channel metal oxide semiconductor and n-channel metal oxide semiconductor discrete devices under given conditions are provided. Procedures design, mask making, packaging, and testing are included.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-TM-78188 , M-262
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  • 65
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    Thermally grown oxide and diffusions for automatic processing of integrated circuits (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A totally automated facility for semiconductor oxidation and diffusion was developed using a state-of-the-art diffusion furnace and high temperature grown oxides. Major innovations include: (1) a process controller specifically for semiconductor processing; (2) an automatic loading system to accept wafers from an air track, insert them into a quartz carrier and then place the carrier on a paddle for insertion into the furnace; (3) automatic unloading of the wafers back onto the air track, and (4) boron diffusion using diborane with plus or minus 5 percent uniformity. Processes demonstrated include Wet and dry oxidation for general use and for gate oxide, boron diffusion, phosphorous diffusion, and sintering.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-TM-78247
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  • 66
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    Interleaving device (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An interleaving device for processing energy signals between various logic devices has a first number of spaced energy carrying layer mateials. Each of the first layer materials has a number of juxtaposed conduits passing energy signals through which are passed. Each of the conduits has a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to a diagonal of each of the first layers. A second group of energy carrying materials is arranged between adjacent ones of the spaced first layer materials. Each of the second layer materials has a number of juxtaposed conduits through which the energy signals are also passed. Each of the conduits in the second layer has a longitudinal axis substantially parallel to a diagonal of each of the second layer materials and substantially perpendicular to the axes of the conduits of the first layer materials.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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  • 67
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    A 4-W 56-dB gain microstrip amplifier at 15 GHz utilizing GaAs FET's and IMPATT diodes (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Performance results and design considerations are presented for an all solid-state Ku-band power amplifier which is feasible for use in PM communication systems for airborne or spacecraft transmitter applications. A six-stage GaAs FET preamplifier and a driver and balanced power amplifier utilizing GaAs IMPATT diodes operating in the injection locked oscillator mode are discussed. For high power and efficiency Schottky-Read IMPATT's with low-high-low doping profiles are employed. For improved reliability the IMPATT's incorporate a TiW barrier metallization to retard degradation of the IMPATT's. Results of accelerated life testing of the IMPATT devices are also presented.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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  • 68
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    Prediction of field-time-dependent gate-oxide breakdown in MOS devices (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The model for field-time-dependent breakdown in the gate oxide of MOS devices is extended and verified with experimental data. The model permits accelerated tests at high fields which can be used to predict gate-oxide breakdowns at much longer times at normal operating fields.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Solid-State Electronics; 22; Nov. 197
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  • 69
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    Space applications of superconductivity - High field magnets (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The paper discusses developments in superconducting magnets and their applications in space technology. Superconducting magnets are characterized by high fields (to 15T and higher) and high current densities combined with low mass and small size. The superconducting materials and coil design are being improved and new high-strength composites are being used for magnet structural components. Such problems as maintaining low cooling temperatures (near 4 K) for long periods of time and degradation of existing high-field superconductors at low strain levels can be remedied by research and engineering. Some of the proposed space applications of superconducting magnets include: cosmic ray analysis with magnetic spectrometers, energy storage and conversion, energy generation by magnetohydrodynamic and thermonuclear fusion techniques, and propulsion. Several operational superconducting magnet systems are detailed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Cryogenics; 19; Dec. 197
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  • 70
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    Distributed effect in GaAs MESFET (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: In order to obtain higher output power, the width of a single cell MESFET must be large. When it becomes too large the distributed effect along the width direction tends to limit the output power. It is found that the distributed effect is important when the gate width not less than 150 microns and that the gain decreases with gate width. Also found is that spurious oscillations occur due to line resonances at much higher frequencies than can be accounted for by the instability factor in the discrete device model.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: Solid-State Electronics; 22; Dec. 197
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  • 71
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    Cosmic ray-induced soft errors in static MOS memory cells (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Previous analytical models were extended to predict cosmic ray-induced soft error rates in static MOS memory devices. The effect is due to ionization and can be introduced by high energy, heavy ion components of the galactic environment. The results indicate that the sensitivity of memory cells is directly related to the density of the particular MOS technology which determines the node capacitance values. Hence, CMOS is less sensitive than e.g., PMOS. In addition, static MOS memory cells are less sensitive than dynamic ones due to differences in the mechanisms of storing bits. The flip-flop of a static cell is inherently stable against cosmic ray-induced bit flips. Predicted error rates on a CMOS RAM and a PMOS shift register are in general agreement with previous spacecraft flight data.
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  • 72
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    Simulation of cosmic-ray induced soft errors and latchup in integrated-circuit computer memories (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Soft errors have been induced in solid-state static RAM's by iron nuclei from the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) Bevalac, in experiments designed to prove the ability of iron-group cosmic rays to generate such errors. Subsequently, various delidded device types were tested in beams of argon and krypton ions from the LBL 88-inch Cyclotron, at energies near 2 MeV/nucleon. The latter tests showed that some devices are essentially immune to bit error while others are quite susceptible. Good agreement was obtained with model predictions in cases where the latter exist. Latchup, whose cause is attributed to individual heavy ions, was also observed in some device types.
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  • 73
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    Space construction system analysis study: Project systems and missions descriptions (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Three project systems are defined and summarized. The systems are: (1) a Solar Power Satellite (SPS) Development Flight Test Vehicle configured for fabrication and compatible with solar electric propulsion orbit transfer; (2) an Advanced Communications Platform configured for space fabrication and compatible with low thrust chemical orbit transfer propulsion; and (3) the same Platform, configured to be space erectable but still compatible with low thrust chemical orbit transfer propulsion. These project systems are intended to serve as configuration models for use in detailed analyses of space construction techniques and processes. They represent feasible concepts for real projects; real in the sense that they are realistic contenders on the list of candidate missions currently projected for the national space program. Thus, they represent reasonable configurations upon which to base early studies of alternative space construction processes.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-160748 , SSD-79-0077
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  • 74
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    Space Construction Automated Fabrication Experiment Definition Study (SCAFEDS), part 3. Volume 3: Requirements (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The performance, design and verification requirements for the space Construction Automated Fabrication Experiment (SCAFE) are defined. The SCAFE program defines, develops, and demonstrates the techniques, processes, and equipment required for the automatic fabrication of structural elements in space and for the assembly of such elements into a large, lightweight structure. The program defines a large structural platform to be constructed in orbit using the space shuttle as a launch vehicle and construction base.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-160747 , CASD-ASP-78-016-PT-3-VOL-3
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  • 75
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    Modelling switching-time effects in high-frequency power conditioning networks (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Power transistor networks which switch large currents in highly inductive environments are beginning to find application in the hundred kilohertz switching frequency range. Recent developments in the fabrication of metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors in the power device category have enhanced the movement toward higher switching frequencies. Models for switching devices and of the circuits in which they are imbedded are required to properly characterize the mechanisms responsible for turning on and turning off effects. Easily interpreted results in the form of oscilloscope-like plots assist in understanding the effects of parametric studies using topology oriented computer-aided analysis methods.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: ESA SPACECAD 1979: Computer-Aided Design of Electron. for Space Appl.; p 325-337
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  • 76
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    Manned Orbital Transfer Vehicle (MOTV). Volume 6: Five year program plan (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The five year program plan for the manned orbit transfer vehicle (MOTV) is presented. The planning, schedules, cost estimates, and supporting data (objectives, constraints, assumptions, etc.) associated with the development of the MOTV are discussed. The plan, in addition to the above material, identifies the supporting research and technology required to resolve issues critical to MOTV development.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-160434
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  • 77
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    Manned Orbital Transfer Vehicle (MOTV). Volume 3: Program requirements documents (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The requirements for geosynchronous orbit capability using the manned orbit transfer vehicle (MOTV) are defined. The program requirements, the mission requirements, and the system and subsystem requirements for the MOTV are discussed. The mission requirements include a geosynchronous Earth orbit vehicle for the construction, servicing, repair and operation of communications, solar power, and Earth observation satellites.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-160431
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  • 78
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    An investigation of thermal resistance in single- and multiple-cell GaAs MESFETs (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Thermal resistances among FETs of a variable number of gates in parallel are compared. Although the thermal resistance per cell for multiple cells is higher, the total thermal resistance is still low because all the cells are parallel to one another. This implies that the multiple-cell structure is capable of dissipating more power than the single-cell structure and therefore of being used as a power FET.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: International Journal of Electronics; 47; Aug. 197
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  • 79
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    High power thyristors with 5 kV blocking voltage. Volume 1: Development of high-voltage-thyristors (4.5 kV) with good dynamic properties (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Using neutron irradiated silicon with considerably lower spread in resistivity as compared to conventionally doped silicon it was possible to produce power thyristors with breakdown voltages between 3.5 kV and 5.5 kV. The thyristor pellets have a diameter of 50 mm. Maximum average on-state currents of 600 to 800 A can be reached with these elements. The dynamic properties of the thryistors could be improved to allow standard applications up to maximum repetitive voltages of 4.5 kV.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-TM-75449 , BMFT-FB-T-77-22
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  • 80
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    Manned Orbital Transfer Vehicle (MOTV). Volume 5: Turnaround analysis (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The development of a low-cost reliable turnaround process to employ the MOTV in enhancing the utilization of the geosynchronous space region is analyzed. It is indicated that a routine effective turnaround/maintenance plan must make maximum use of flight data for maintenance planning, a high degree of test automation, and MOTV maintainability features in order to minimize tests, facilitate repair, and reduce manpower requirements. An effective turnaround plan provides a payback of reduced risks.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-160433
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  • 81
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    Manned geosynchronous mission requirements and systems analysis study. Volume 1: Executive summary (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The crew capsule of the MOTV was studied with emphasis on crew accommodations, crew capsule functional requirements, subsystem interface definition between crew module and propulsion module, and man rating requirements. Competing mission modes were studied covering a wide range of propulsion concepts. These included one stage, one and one half stage, and two stage concepts using either the standard STS or an augmented STS. Several deorbit concepts were considered, including all propulsive modes, direct re-entry, and aeromaneuvering skip in skip out in the upper reaches of Earth's atmosphere. A five year plan covering costs, schedules, and critical technology issues is discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-160429
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  • 82
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    The extended mission of Viking (1979)
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    Description: The extended mission of the Viking project emphasizing the study of weather on Mars is presented. Samples were acquired for the analysis of surface material, and investigations were made of the physical and magnetic properties of the surface, with orbiters and landers producing large quantities of photographs of the surface and of atmospheric phenomena. The operation and chronology of Viking Orbiter 1 and 2 and Viking Lander 1, including the Viking continuation, the survey, and the orbiter completion missions are discussed.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 84; Dec. 30
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  • 83
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    Equivalent statistical bandwidths of conventional low-pass filters (1979)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Values of the equivalent statistical bandwidths of Butterworth up to ten poles and Chebyshev up to eight poles low-pass filters for six different passband ripple levels have been computed and tabulated along with the corresponding noise bandwidths. The results obtained can be used for estimating the mean-square error resulting from power spectrum measurements employed in the sensitivity analysis of microwave radiometer systems.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Communications; COM-27; Oct. 197
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  • 84
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    Systems definition study for shuttle demonstration flights of large space structures, Volume 2: Technical Report (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The development of large space structure (LSS) technology is discussed, with emphasis on space fabricated structures which are automatically manufactured in space from sheet-strip materials and assembled on-orbit. It is concluded that an LSS flight demonstration using an Automated Beam Builder and the orbiter as a construction base, could be performed in the 1983-1984 time period. The estimated cost is $24 million exclusive of shuttle launch costs. During the mission, a simple space platform could be constructed in-orbit to accommodate user requirements associated with earth viewing and materials exposure experiments needs.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-161535 , DRD-MA-04-VOL-2
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  • 85
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    Systems definition study for shuttle demonstration flights of large space structures. Volume 1: Executive summary (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The development of large space structure technology is discussed, with emphasis on space fabricated structures which are automatically manufactured in space from sheet-strip materials and assembled on-orbit. Definition of a flight demonstration involving an Automated Beam Builder and the building and assembling of large structures is presented.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-161534 , DRD-MA-04-VOL-1
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  • 86
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    A search for experiments to exploit the space shuttle environment, volume 2 (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Institutions and laboratories in India, Japan, and Western Europe which were visited during a search for experiments to exploit the space shuttle environment are described. The facilities and current research interests of the various centers are discussed with particular emphasis given to the Indian Space Research Organization.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-163031
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  • 87
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    A search for experiments to exploit the space shuttle environment, volume 1 (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A search for worthwhile experiments in pure and applied physics and chemistry which might take advantage of conditions achievable aboard the space shuttle is documented. Of particular interest were the very large pumping speeds at high or ultra high vacuum, the highly nonequilibrium composition of the ambient atmosphere, and the relative absence of gravitational effects. Ideas and suggestions were solicated in the course of visits to 31 research establishments in Western Europe, India, and Japan; conversations with over 90 scientists; and presentations at 3 international meetings. Intriguing possibilities emerged in the following arenas: (1) spectroscopy of the transition state in chemical reactions; (2) flame structure and analysis; (3) solid propellant combustion; (4) analysis of atmospheric composition; (5) turbulence effects on aerosol coagulation.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-163030
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  • 88
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    SPAR 5 experiment no. 74-30 agglomeration in immiscible liquids (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The influence of gravity, cooling rate, and composition on the macro-and microstructure of liquid phase immiscible alloys were researched. Aluminum indium alloys of compositions 30, 40, 70, and 90 weight percent indium were processed aboard two sounding rocket flights, SPAR 2 and SPAR 5. Radiographic and metallographic examination of the SPAR 2 flight and ground base samples showed the expected separation at lg of the ground base alloys into indium rich and aluminum rich layers. The flight alloys produced an aluminum rich core surrounding by indium rich metal. The results obtained from the SPAR 5 40 and 70 weight percent indium alloys were essentially identical to those from SPAR 2. The 30 and 90 weight percent indium alloys also showed massive separation into configuration similar to the 40 and 70 weight percent indium alloys. The 90 weight percent indium alloy showed additional evidence that surface tension induced droplet migration had occurred in this alloy which could at least in part account for the observed structures.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-161473
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  • 89
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    Magnetic suspension system for an Annular Momentum Control Device (AMCD) (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A technique to control a rim suspended in a magnetic field was developed. A complete system was developed, incorporating a support structure, magnetic actuators, a rim drive mechanism, an emergency fail-safe system, servo control system, and control electronics. Open loop and closed loop response of the system at zero speed and at 500 revolutions per minute (r/min) of the rim was obtained and analyzed. The rim was then dynamically balanced and a rim speed of 725 r/min was achieved. An analog simulation of the hardware was developed and tested with the actual control electronics connected to the analog computer. The system under development is stable at rim speeds below 700 r/min. Test results indicate that the rim under test is not rigid. The rim has a warp and a number of binding modes which prevented achievement of higher speeds. Further development efforts are required to achieve higher rim speeds.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-159255
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  • 90
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    A study of the potential impacts of space utilization (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Because the demand for comprehensive impact analysis of space technologies will increase with the use of space shuttles, the academic social sciences/humanities community was surveyed in order to determine their interests in space utilization, to develop a list of current and planned courses, and to generate a preliminary matrix of relevant social sciences. The academic scope/focus of a proposed social science space-related journal was identified including the disciplines which should be represented in the editorial board/reviewer system. The time and funding necessary to develop a self-sustaining journal were assessed. Cost income, general organizational structure, marking/distribution and funding sources were analyzed. Recommendations based on the survey are included.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-163131
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  • 91
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    Manned Orbital Transfer Vehicle (MOTV). Volume 4: Supporting analysis (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Generic missions were defined to enable potential users to determine the parameters for suggested user projects. Mission modes were identified for providing operation, interfaces, performance, and cost data for studying payloads. Safety requirements for emergencies during various phases of the mission are considered with emphasis on radiation hazards.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-160432
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  • 92
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    Manned Orbital Transfer Vehicle (MOTV). Volume 2: Mission handbook (1979)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The use of the manned orbit transfer vehicle (MOTV) for support of future space missions is defined. Some 20 generic missions are defined each representative of the types of missions expected to be flown in the future. These include the service and update of communications satellites, emergency repair of surveillance satellites, and passenger transport of a six man crew rotation/resupply service to a deep space command post. The propulsive and functional capabilities required of the MOTV to support a particular mission are described and data to enable the user to determine the number of STS flights needed to support the mission, mission peculiar equipment requirements, parametrics on mission phasing and requirements, ground and flight support requirements, recovery considerations, and IVA/EVA trade analysis are presented.
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    Type: NASA-CR-160430
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  • 93
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    Numerical simulation of dynamics of brushless dc motors for aerospace and other applications. Volume 2: User's guide to computer EMA model (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A description and user's guide of the computer program developed to simulate the dynamics of an electromechanical actuator for aerospace applications are presented. The effects of the stator phase currents on the permanent magnets of the rotor are examined. The voltage and current waveforms present in the power conditioner network during the motoring, regenerative braking, and plugging modes of operation are presented and discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-160356
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 94
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    Numerical simulation of dynamics of brushless dc motors for aerospace and other applications. Volume 1: Model development and applications, part B (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A mathematical model was developed and computerized simulations were obtained for a brushless dc motor. Experimentally obtained oscillograms of the machine phase currents are presented and the corresponding current and voltage waveforms for various modes of operation of the motor are presented and discussed.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-160355
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 95
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    Method for analyzing radiation sensitivity of integrated circuits (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A method for analyzing the radiation sensitivity of an integrated circuit is described to determine the components. The application of a narrow radiation beam to portions of the circuit is considered. The circuit is operated under normal bias conditions during the application of radiation in a dosage that is likely to cause malfunction of at least some transistors, while the circuit is monitored for failure of the irradiated transistor. When a radiation sensitive transistor is found, then the radiation beam is further narrowed and, using a fresh integrated circuit, a very narrow beam is applied to different parts of the transistor, such as its junctions, to locate the points of greatest sensitivity.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 96
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    Determination of ASPS performance for large payloads in the shuttle orbiter disturbance environment (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A high fidelity simulation of the annular suspension and pointing system (ASPS), its payload, and the shuttle orbiter was used to define the worst case orientations of the ASPS and its payload for the various vehicle disturbances, and to determine the performance capability of the ASPS under these conditions. The most demanding and largest proposed payload, the Solar Optical Telescope was selected for study. It was found that, in all cases, the ASPS more than satisfied the payload's requirements. It is concluded that, to satisfy facility class payload requirements, the ASPS or a shuttle orbiter free-drift mode (control system off) should be utilized.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-TM-80136
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 97
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    Performance of 22.4-kW nonlaminated-frame dc series motor with chopper controller (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Performance data obtained through experimental testing of a 22.4 kW traction motor using two types of excitation are presented. Ripple free dc from a motor-generator set for baseline data and pulse width modulated dc as supplied by a battery pack and chopper controller were used for excitation. For the same average values of input voltage and current, the motor power output was independent of the type of excitation. However, at the same speeds, the motor efficiency at low power output (corresponding to low duty cycle of the controller) was 5 to 10 percentage points lower on chopped dc than on ripple free dc. The chopped dc locked-rotor torque was approximately 1 to 3 percent greater than the ripple free dc torque for the same average current.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-TM-79252 , DOE/NASA/1044-79/4 , E-163
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 98
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    Shuttle GPS R/PA configuration and specification study (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Changes in the technical specifications for a global positioning system (GPS) receiving system dedicated to space shuttle use are presented. Various hardware functions including acquisition, tracking, and measurement are emphasized. The anti-jam performance of the baseline GPS systems are evaluated. Other topics addressed include: the impact on R/PA design of the use of ground based transmitters; problems involved with the use of single channel tests sets; utility of various R/PA antenna interconnections topologies; the choice of the averaging interval for delta range measurements; and the use of interferometry techniques for the computation of orbiter attitude were undertaken.
    Keywords: ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
    Type: NASA-CR-160396 , TR-1080-1779
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 99
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    Space fabrication demonstration system. Composite beam cap fabricator development, phase 1 and 2 (1979)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Pultrusion as a workable process for thermoset and thermoplastic graphite composite closed caps is discussed. The composite beam fabricator configuration is presented as are the beam cap properties.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: NASA-CR-161348 , NSS-SFDS-RP015
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 100
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    Influence of the space environment on some materials processing phenomena (1979)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The influence of the space environment on materials processing phenomena is studied by applying the principles of physical similarity to a system E on Earth and a system S in the microgravity environment of space. If these systems can be characterized by a set of dimensionless groups, then they are similar if corresponding members of the set are equal for E and S. Similarity is often impractical or impossible if Q is larger than a few samples. For example, there is a simple law of similarity for an isothermal liquid zone floating between inert solids; however, similarity is lost if the zone becomes nonisothermal. A molten zone during crystal growth is so complex that a complete set cannot be identified with certainty. A second example is double-diffusive convection during unidirectional solidification of a binary alloy. Results show that buoyancy driven fluid dynamical instabilities couple with constitutionally related instabilities quite differently in E and S.
    Keywords: ASTRONAUTICS (GENERAL)
    Type: ESA Mater. Sci. in Space; p 55-65
    Format: text
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