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  • Geophysics
  • Instrumentation and Photography
  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (11)
  • 1990  (11)
  • 1
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    Pressure Measurement Systems (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-09
    Description: System 8400 is an advanced system for measurement of gas and liquid pressure, along with a variety of other parameters, including voltage, frequency and digital inputs. System 8400 offers exceptionally high speed data acquisition through parallel processing, and its modular design allows expansion from a relatively inexpensive entry level system by the addition of modular Input Units that can be installed or removed in minutes. Douglas Juanarena was on the team of engineers that developed a new technology known as ESP (electronically scanned pressure). The Langley ESP measurement system was based on miniature integrated circuit pressure-sensing transducers that communicated pressure information to a minicomputer. In 1977, Juanarena formed PSI to exploit the NASA technology. In 1978 he left Langley, obtained a NASA license for the technology, introduced the first commercial product, the 780B pressure measurement system. PSI developed a pressure scanner for automation of industrial processes. Now in its second design generation, the DPT-6400 is capable of making 2,000 measurements a second and has 64 channels by addition of slave units. New system 8400 represents PSI's bid to further exploit the $600 million U.S. industrial pressure measurement market. It is geared to provide a turnkey solution to physical measurement.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Spinoff 1990; 122-123; NASA-NP-138
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
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    Signal Processor (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-09
    Description: Macrodyne, Inc.'s Model 3100 Frequency Domain Processor is an innovative instrument that significantly increases the amount and accuracy of information available from laser velocimeter flow measurement systems. The innovation permits use of laser velocimetry in industrial applications where extremely precise measurements are required; it has applicability in industrial controls and in improvement of transmission standards in the automotive industry.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Spinoff 1990; 113; NASA-NP-138
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  • 3
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    Flame Detector (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-09
    Description: Scientific Instruments, Inc. has now developed a second generation, commercially available instrument to detect flames in hazardous environments, typically refineries, chemical plants and offshore drilling platforms. The Model 74000 detector incorporates a sensing circuit that detects UV radiation in a 100 degree conical field of view extending as far as 250 feet from the instrument. It operates in a bandwidth that makes it virtually 'blind' to solar radiation while affording extremely high sensitivity to ultraviolet flame detection. A 'windowing' technique accurately discriminates between background UV radiation and ultraviolet emitted from an actual flame, hence the user is assured of no false alarms. Model 7410CP is a combination controller and annunciator panel designed to monitor and control as many as 24 flame detectors. *Model 74000 is no longer being manufactured.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Spinoff 1990; 105; NASA-NP-138
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  • 4
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    Flow Meter (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-09
    Description: Hedland Flow Meters manufactures a complete line of flow meters used in industrial operations to monitor the flow of oil, water or other liquids, air and other compressed gases, including caustics or corrosive liquids/gases. The company produces more than 1,000 types of flow meters featuring rugged construction, simplicity of installation and the ability to operate in any position.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Spinoff 1990; 110; NASA-NP-138
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  • 5
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    Gas Sensor (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-17
    Description: High Technology Sensors, Inc.'s Model SS-250 carbon dioxide detector uses a patented semiconductor optical source that efficiently creates infrared radiation, which is focused through an airway on a detector. Carbon dioxide passing through the airway absorbs the radiation causing the detector to generate a signal. The small size and low power requirements of the SS-250 make it attractive for incorporation in a variety of medical instruments.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Spinoff 1990; 112; NASA-NP-138
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  • 6
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    Sedimentary Facies Analysis Using AVIRIS Data: A Geophysical Inverse Problem (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-10
    Description: AVIRIS data can be used to quantitatively analyze and map sedimentary lithofacies. The observed radiance spectra can be reduced to 'apparent reflectance' spectra by topographic and reflectance characterization of several field sites within the image. These apparent reflectance spectra correspond to the true reflectance at each pixel, multiplied by an unknown illumination factor (ranging in value from zero to one). The spatial abundance patterns of spectrally defined lithofacies and the unknown illumination factors can be simultaneously derived using constrained linear spectral unmixing methods. Estimates of the minimum uncertainty in the final results (due to noise, instrument resolutions, degree of illumination and mixing systematics) can be made by forward and inverse modeling. Specific facies studies in the Rattlesnake Hills region of Wyoming illustrate the successful application of these methods.
    Keywords: Geophysics
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  • 7
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    Instantaneous Velocity Field Measurement of Objects in Coaxial Rotation Using Digital Image Velocimetry (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: For its experimental validation, digital image velocimetry is applied to determine the instantaneous velocity field of objects rotating around an axis with a constant angular velocity.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: Ultrahigh- and High-Speed Photography, Videography, Photonics, and Velocimetry 1990; 1346; 160-171|Ultrahigh- and High-Speed Photography, Videography, Photonics, and Velocimetry 1990; Jul 10, 1990 - Jul 13, 1990; San Diego, CA; United States
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    PdCr Based High Temperature Static Strain Gage (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The program at NASA Lewis Research Center to develop a high temperature static strain gage system for the hypersonic vehicle and turbine engine research has emphasized a palladium- 13wt%chromium (PdCr) alloy. Gages made from this alloy are being developed in both fine wire and thin film form. The wire gage system had platinum wire as a temperature compensator and was coated with a special alumina and zirconia mixture overcoat. This PdCr compensated wire gage responded linearly to the imposed strain to at least i000 microstrain. The strain sensitivity of the gage did not vary much with temperature. The apparent strain of this compensated gage was significantly lower than that of the other gages. It varied within 300 microstrain from room temperature to 800 deg. C with a reproducibility within 50 microstrain between thermal cycles to 800 deg. C. This is a significant advance over the 400 deg. C barrier of previous techniques for resistance static strain gages. The sputtered thin film PdCr strain gage, whose size was 8x8 mm and 10 micron thick, has demonstrated the possibility of extending the use of the PdCr strain gage to a temperature of approximately 1000 deg. C.
    Keywords: Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: AIAA Paper-90-5236 , AIAA Second International Aerospace Planes Conference; Oct 29, 1990 - Oct 31, 1990; Orlando, FL; United States
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  • 9
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    Constraints on the Formation of the Terrestrial Planets from Experimental Geochemistry (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: The abundances of V, Cr, and Mn in the mantles of the Earth and Moon are very similar, and are distinct from all other sampled solar system bodies. This similarity has led to the suggestion that there is a genetic relationship between the Earth and Moon, more specifically, that the Moon was derived from the mantle of the Earth after formation of the core. This proposal is at odds with the Giant Impact paradigm of lunar origin and our current understanding of the formation of the terrestrial planets. During the award period, some of the necessary experimental procedures were developed. Specifically, an assembly design has been developed to permit heating of metal by insulating it from highly conducting diamond. A Nd-YAG laser was assembled, aligned and tested. The technique for preparation of the run products for electron microprobe analysis was developed, and an alternative approach has been identified. A scheme to carry out polybaric experiments on a single charge was developed. The experiments carried out did not lead to conclusive results, and the arguments advanced by Drake et aL (1989) and Drake (1990) remain the best summary of the status of the problem.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: NASA/CR-97-206139 , NAS 1.26:206139
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  • 10
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    International Symposium on Fast Glacier Flow (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Cryospheric Sciences Program "International Symposium on Fast Glacier Flow" (PI, C. Lingle) provided partial support for publication of Annals of Glaciology 36 by the International Glaciological Society. Annals of Glaciology is a peer-reviewed journal. Annals 36, which was published in 2003, contains 39 peer-reviewed and edited papers from the International Symposium on Fast Glacier Flow, which was held in Yakutat, Alaska, 10-14 June 2002.
    Keywords: Geophysics
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  • 11
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    Ion Beam Heating in the Auroral Zone (1990)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-15
    Description: Recent satellite observations at high altitudes (greater than 5000 km) in the auroral zone have shown the existence of hybrid or bimodal ion beam distributions that are evidence of both parallel and perpendicular ion acceleration. Acceleration parallel to the magnetic field is most likely due to quasi-static electric fields (double layers) which can create outflowing ion beams; since ions of different mass will have different drift speeds due to this acceleration, a plasma configuration unstable to the ion-ion two-stream acoustic mode develops. When the net drift velocity (U) between the two ion species is greater than the sound speed (C(sub 0)), the ion-ion instability has maximum growth at oblique wave propagation. To study the nonlinear effects of the ion-ion instability in terms of plasma heating, a numerical simulation parametric study has been performed. It was found that the parallel acceleration that forms the ion beams occurs on a time scale faster than ion- ion wave growth at low drifts; thus ion-ion wave growth is expected to occur primarily for higher drift speeds (U greater than C(sub 0)) which results in strong oblique heating of the ions (both hydrogen and oxygen) forming elevated ion conics (sometimes called 'bowl' distributions). Also, strong parallel electron heating in the direction of the ion beams can occur, and electrons near the top of the acceleration region may attain a net upward drift along with the elevated ion conics. Variation of the oxygen density greatly affects the ion heating due to the ion-ion instability; as the oxygen density decreases, oxygen heating increases, in agreement with observations (Collin et al., 1987). Ion-ion electrostatic wave properties and the plasma heating that results over a wide range of auroral zone parameters are included.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: NASA-CR-204421 , NAS 1.26:204421 , Paper-89JA01067 , Journal of Geophysical Research; 95; A2; 1015-1028
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