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  • Triticum aestivum
  • Springer  (17)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (17)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1981  (17)
Sammlung
Schlagwörter
Verlag/Herausgeber
  • Springer  (17)
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (17)
  • 1970-1974
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nitrate reductase activity (in vivo and in vitro) of ditelosomic stocks of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (1981)
    Springer
    Biochemical genetics 19 (1981), S. 263-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4927
    Schlagwort(e): nitrate reductase ; Triticum aestivum ; ditelosomics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The nitrate reductase activities (NRA) of 31 ditelosomic stocks were compared with that of the control plant [Chinese Spring (CS) euploid], using in vivo and in vitro assay procedures that had been optimized with respect to the euploid. Fourteen stocks exhibited significant differences in in vivo NRA from that of the euploid; the effect of removal of a chromosome arm was always to increase NRA. Eight of these stocks showed similar effects in vitro, although in three, a casein-sensitive factor had to be eliminated before the difference was expressed. Homoeologous group effects were evident among ditelosomics of groups 2, 4, and 7, while for three chromosomes (2D, 7A, and 7B), removal of either arm resulted in a similar increase in NRA in vivo and probably in vitro.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00504273
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An evaluation of mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation in wheat, barley and maize (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 153-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Mitochondrial heterosis ; Mitochondrial complementation ; Triticum aestivum ; Hordeum vulgare ; Zea mays
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Two families each of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) were studied for mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation. Inbred parents and their hybrids were compared for seedling heights and rate of oxygen uptake by the whole tissue to find out if the hybrids showed greater growth and respiratory activity at the seedling stage. Further comparisons were made by isolating mitochondria from the seedling tissues and measuring their ADP∶0 ratio, respiratory control ratio and cytochrome c oxidase activity for mitochondrial heterosis. Mixtures of parental mitochondria were similarly compared with parental and hybrid mitochondria for in vitro mitochondrial complementation. No evidence for mitochondrial heterosis or in vitro mitochondrial complementation was found, nor any correlation between the different mitochondrial parameters, seedling heights or rates of oxygen uptake by seedling tissue. The suggested use of mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation for plant breeding is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264969
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Monosomic analysis of genes for resistance against stem rust races in bread wheat (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 313-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; Wheat ; Puccinia graminis ; Stem rust resistance ; Monosomic analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Using monosomic analysis genes governing resistance in one wheat variety, ‘E5883’, against stem rust races 15C and 122, were located on specific chromosomes. Against race 15C, a major dominant gene, Sr6, was located on chromosome 2D of ‘E5883’ with minor modifiers found on chromosomes 4A and 6D. Against race 122, the presence of a recessive hemizygous ineffective gene, Sr8, was identified, located on chromosome 6A of variety ‘E5883’.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264984
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fractionation of wheat gliadin and glutenin subunits by two-dimensional electrophoresis and the role of group 6 and group 2 chromosomes in gliadin synthesis (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 349-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; Glutenin ; Gliadin ; Electrophoresis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Subunits of wheat endosperm proteins have been fractionated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. To determine which subunits in the two-dimensional electrophoretic pattern belong to gliadin or glutenin the endosperm proteins have also been fractionated by a modified Osborne procedure and by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and Sepharose CL-4B prior to separation by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The control of production of five major grain protein subunits is shown to be determined by chromosomes 6A, 6B and 6D by comparing two-dimensional electrophoretic protein subunit patterns of aneuploid lines of the variety ‘Chinese Spring’. From these and previous studies it is concluded that some α, β and γ gliadins (molecular weights by SDS-PAGE 30,000 to 40,000) are specified by genes on the short arms of homoeologous Group 6 chromosomes, the ω gliadins (molecular weights by SDS-PAGE 50,000 to 70,000) are specified by genes on the short arms of homoeologous Group 1 chromosomes and the glutenin subunits (molecular weights by SDS-PAGE 〉 85,000) are specified by genes on the long arms of homoeologous Group 1 chromosomes. No major gliadins or glutenin subunits were absent when any of the chromosomes in homoeologous Groups 2, 3, 4, 5 or 7 were deleted. However two gliadins whose presumed structural genes are on chromosome 6D were absent in aneuploid stocks of ‘Chinese Spring’ carrying two additional doses of chromosome 2A. Two out of thirty-three intervarietal or interspecific chromosome substitution lines examined, involving homoeologous Group 2 chromosomes, lacked the same two gliadins. All the subunits in the other thirty-one chromosome substitution lines were indistinguishable from those in ‘Chinese Spring’. It is therefore concluded that the major variation affecting gliadin and glutenins in wheat is concentrated on the chromosomes of homoeologous Groups 1 and 6 but Group 2 chromosomes are candidates for further study. An endosperm protein controlled by chromosome 4D in ‘Chinese Spring’ is shown to be a high molecular weight globulin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276448
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An analysis of genes for resistance against two Indian cultures of stem rust races of two bread wheats (1981)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 60 (1981), S. 157-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; Wheat ; Puccinia graminis ; Stem rust resistance ; Inheritance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Two bread wheat accessions, E5008 and E6160, have been genetically analysed for resistance genes effective against Indian cultures of stem rust races, 15C and 122. The inheritance of resistance to each race has been determined from the F1 and F2 of the crosses (resistant parents with the susceptible variety, ‘Agra Local’) and F2 progenies from the backcross to ‘Agra Local’. Tests have been performed to see if the two varieties carry common genes/s for resistance. The identity of the genes for resistance has been established from relevant crosses with single gene lines carrying known genes for resistance. A single dominant gene effective to race 15C in E5008 has been demonstrated to be Sr9b. Of the two recessive genes, each producing distinct infection types (0; and 1–3) against race 122, one gene has been inferred to be Sr12 and the second to be a hitherto undesignated gene. The resistance of E6160 against race 15C is controlled by two genes, one dominant and one recessive. The dominant gene has been identified as Sr9b. The recessive gene has been inferred to be a new gene. Similarly, a dominant gene effective against race 122 in E6160 has been observed to be different from those so far designated. In addition, the presence of modifier gene/s in the variety, E6160 has been suggested.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264521
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Response of wheat tillers at different growing stages to gametocide treatment (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 501-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; gametocide ; sterility ; fertility ; developmental stages
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The effects of the gametocides Ethrel, RH-532, and RH-2956 on wheat tillers at various stages of development were studied. The gametocides were applied to Anza and Yecora 70, two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties, at three rates of foliar application when the main tillers were at meiosis. Ethrel was less effective in causing sterility than RH-532 and RH-2956. Anza showed greater induced sterility than Yecora 70 when treated with these gametocides. Ethrel affected only late tillers treated at or before meiosis. RH-532 and RH-2956 at the high application rate were equally effective for Anza. RH-2956 at the high application rate induced uniform and maximum sterility in early and late tillers of both Anza and Yecora 70.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034015
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Some comments on two recent papers in euphytica concerning stem rust resistance in wheat (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 589-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; Puccinia graminis tritici ; stem rust ; genetics
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00038784
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The chromosomal location of the embryo plus scutellum alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes in the hexaploid wheat kernel (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 729-734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Triticum turgidum ; durum ; wheat ; alcohol dehydrogenase
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Analysis of individual parts of Triticum aestivum L. and T. turgidum var. durum kernels showed two classes of alcohol dehydrogenase patterns: 1) A three banded pattern (ADH-1, ADH-2 and ADH-3) for endosperm (Ed) and 2) a seven banded pattern (ADH-F1, ADH-F2, ADH-1, ADH-2, ADH-3, ADH-S1 and ADH-S2) for embryo (E), scutellum (S) and embryo plus scutellum (E+S). The use of nullitetrasomic and ditelosomic series of Chinese Spring wheat allows alcohol dehydrogenase to be associated with arms 4Aα, 4BL and 4DS. A five subunit forming dimer hypothesis is postulated to explain the newly reported seven isozyme pattern. Subunits α, β and δ are coded by chromosome arms 4Aα, 4BL and 4DS respectively, and the newly postulated ɛ and γ are coded also by chromosome arm 4BL.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00038801
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gibberellic acid effects on germination and α-amylase activity of winter wheats (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 875-880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; pre-harvest sprouting ; germination ; α-amylase enzyme ; gibberellic acid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Sensitivity to GA in non-Gai genome winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars was investigated to determine magnitude of variation of the trait, its association with other traits, and effects of geographical location of production. α-Amylase enzyme activity was measured before and after treatment with gibberellic acid in 18 cultivars grown at one location and in five cultivars grown at six locations. Dye-labeled starch and agar-starch media procedures were used for the first and second experiments, respectively. α-Amylase activity differed significantly among the 18 cultivars after germination in water, germination in GA, and in absolute and relative sensitivity to GA. Cultivars that reacted similarly to GA had some common ancestors in their pedigrees, and α-amylase activity and sensitivity to GA were significantly negatively associated with seed weight. α-Amylase activity differed between tall and semi-dwarf cultivars in the second experiment, but not in the first experiment. The magnitude of variation in α-amylase activity and its relationship to preharvest sprouting susceptibility of the cultivars suggested that the trait can be modified to improve seed dormancy. Significant interactions between cultivar responses to GA and geographical location of grain production suggested that selection should be carried out in several environments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00038818
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Is the pedigree of the near-isogenic line Michigan Amber/8*Chancellor of bread wheat correct? (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 41-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; linkage ; near-isogenic line
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary It is shown that the near-isogenic line Michigan Amber/8*Chancellor cannot derive from Michigan Amber. Marquillo is suggested as the donor cultivar.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033657
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Genetical studies on the difference of anther length among common wheat cultivars (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 45-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; anther length ; heritability of anther length ; pistil length ; anther length-flowering date relationship
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Anther and pistil lengths of 61 cultivars and experimental strains of common wheat were measured just before flowering. Anther length varied from 3.0 to 5.1 mm, and pistil length varied from 3.8 to 5.2 mm. A specific correlation was observed between anther length and flowering date among the parental strains, as well as in the F1 generations of 13 cross combinations; Anther length on flowering date fitted well to a curvelinear regression of the second order in parental and F1 generations. The reduction of anther length in both early and late flowering cultivars was attributed to the worse environmental conditions for their floral development, compared to the intermediate types. Such relationship between anther length and flowering date was not found in the F2 generation. This indicates that most of the genes controlling the two characters are different. Heritability of anther length estimated from the regression coefficient of the F1s on the midparents was greater than 0.65.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033658
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A least-squares method for choosing the best relative proportions when intercrossing cultivars (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 153-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; spring wheat ; parent selection ; cross prediction
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary It is supposed that k variables have been measured on each of m potential parents, and that the aim is to produce a base population for which the mean values are as close as possible to an ideal genotype. A least-squares estimation procedure for the parent proportions is presented and the determination of the closest practical solution is considered. It is shown that an enumeration procedure for finding the best practical solution, which is applicable in most situations, is simpler and more flexible than the least-squares method. A proposed symbolic presentation of the results of an analysis highlights the strengths and deficiencies of a set of parents and indicates which parents may complement one another.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033672
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evidence for a ‘uniculm effect’ in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in a mediterranean environment (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 277-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; spring wheat ; uniculm effect ; ideotype
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The concept of the uniculm habit as an important feature of a wheat ideotype for a mediterranean environment was evaluated under field conditions. A uniculm plant produces a single shoot and when sown in a stand exemplifies a non-tillering crop with a fixed density of shoots throughout the growing season. Yield and harvest index of normal tillering spring wheat was compared with that of the same crop surgically detillered throughout the growing season to a constant density of 2 shoots per plant. The use of a biculm, whilst retaining the uniculm principle of a fixed density of shoots throughout the growing season, permitted comparison on a single crop sowing at normal field density. The control plots followed the usual pattern of tillering for the region attaining a maximum of about 4.0 shoots per plant by early spring. Shoot number declined to 2.3 and 2.6 per plant by maturity in 1978 and 1979, respectively. Detillered plots outyielded the controls by 14 per cent in 1978 (2.05 v. 1.80 tonnes ha-1) and 22 per cent in 1979 (1.84 v. 1.51 tonnes ha-1). Harvest indices were 0.39 v. 0.35 in 1978 and 0.30 v. 0.24 in 1979 for detillered and control plots, respectively. Higher leaf area indices and better water relations after anthesis in biculm stands indicated more efficient water use when shoot population was controlled at near optimum level. Irrigation at anthesis reduced the difference in yield between detillered and control plots. Although the uniculm principle was demonstrated with biculms in practice control of shoot number will require the use of genetic uniculms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033988
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A classification of the NORIN 10 and Tom Thumb dwarfing genes in British, Mexican, Indian and other hexaploid bread wheat varieties (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 355-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; gibberellin insensitivity ; cultivar classification according to Rht genotype
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The two semi-dwarfing genes Rht1 and Rht2 from Norin 10 have now been incorporated in successful varieties in use in most major wheat growing areas. The more potent dwarfing gene, Rht3, from Tom Thumb has been used in a limited way. These genes may be identified and classified by assessing the associated character of GA-insensitivity in the progeny from test crosses. This paper describes these classifications in the CIMMYT, Mexican, PBI, Cambridge and Indian breeding programmes and for a number of other international varieties.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033997
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Endosperm peroxidase electrophoresis patterns to distinguish tetraploid from hexaploid wheats (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 389-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; Triticum turgidum ; durum wheat ; endosperm peroxidases
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary A simple method is proposed to distinguish hexaploid (Triticum aestivum L.) from tetraploid (Triticum turgidum L., durum wheat) cultivated wheats on the basis of peroxidase isozymes coded by genome D. It can also be used as a first step to detect possible contamination by tetraploid genotype mixtures. The peroxidase patterns of endosperm and of embryo plus scutellum found among 349 entries of a durum wheat world basis collection are shown.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034001
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The relation between wheat lines derived from the F2, F3, F4 and F5 generations for grain yield and harvest index (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 419-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Wheat ; Triticum aestivum ; wheat breeding ; selection ; grain yield ; harvest index
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary The relationships between the F2, F3, F4 and F5 generations for grain yield were determined using random, pedigreed lines derived from each generation. The lines from two crosses were grown in plots at two sites over two years. In the first year, only F2 and F3 derived lines were available, but in the second year the F2 to F5 were grown. Correlations between lines in one generation and the mean of lines derived from them in a following generation increased as the generations were advanced. Correlations between consecutive generations were higher than those between generations two or three apart. Correlations between F2 and F5 derived lines, which indicate the effectiveness of selecting F2 lines, varied from 0.10 ns to o.49** when lines from both generations were grown in the same environment. Correlations between years of lines from the same or different generations were low and often non-significant. Harvest index was measured on the F2 and F3 derived lines at the one site in the first year. Selection for improvement of grain yield using harvest index was no more effective than selection for yield directly, when considered across years. It is conclued that, while gains in yield can be achieved by selecting for yield in early generations, a foremost consideration needs to be the influence of different sites and years on the effectiveness of selection.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034006
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The site of action of crossability genes (Kr 1, Kr 2) between Triticum and Secale. II. Proportion of pistils containing pollen tubes and effects of alternate pollination on seed set (1981)
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 105-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Schlagwort(e): Triticum aestivum ; wheat ; Secale cereale ; rye ; crossability ; pistils ; pollen tubes ; seed set
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft
    Notizen: Summary Different wheat genotypes (T. aestivum) were crossed with rye to ascertain the site or sites of manifestation of the crossability genes, Kr 1 and Kr 2. By using fluorescence microscopy, it was found that the order of increasing proportion of wheat micropyles containing pollen tubes is strongly correlated with the levels of crossability with rye. High crossable genotypes have more micropyles containing pollen tubes than those of the low crossable ones. Most of the inhibition or retardation of pollen tubes occurred between the style base and top of the embryo sac, expecially with the low crossable genotypes where both Kr-genes are present. The results also indicate that Kr 1 is a greater inhibitor than Kr 2. Seed set is also highly correlated with the number or proportion of micropyles having pollen tubes. Alternate pollinations seem to support the view that rye pollen tubes do not reach the micropyles of the low crossable genotypes, and hence when repollinated with wheat selfed seeds are produced.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033665
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