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  • General Chemistry  (1,165)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (788)
  • BIOTECHNOLOGY  (313)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • 1970-1974  (2,455)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1910-1914
  • 1971  (2,455)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1970-1974  (2,455)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1910-1914
Year
  • 1
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    Specialized testing and evaluation of space-suit materials (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: The selection of nonmetallic materials used in the Apollo space suits is discussed. The specialized test program to determine the flammability of selected space suit materials is described. Emphasis is placed on the equipment used to test and qualify the space suit materials and subassemblies for operation in the deep space environment.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Conf. on Mater. for Improved Fire Safety; p 187-190
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  • 2
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    Human response in closed loop control of dynamic systems (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-27
    Description: Linear transfer function for describing human response to aircraft control
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: PERFORMANCE AND DYN. OF AEROSPACE VEHICLES 1971; P 555-577
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  • 3
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    Apollo space-suit materials (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: The design, construction, and materials used in the Apollo space suit are discussed. The various materials and combinations of materials to obtain the desired type of protection are identified. Detailed descriptions are provided of the pressure garment, liquid cooled garment, extravehicular gloves, helmet, and boots.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Conf. on Mater. for Improved Fire Safety; p 145-149
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  • 4
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    Odor test (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2005-11-30
    Description: To prevent the use of spacecraft material that would outgas objectionable or nauseating odors, an odor test was developed. This test provided a means whereby candidate spacecraft materials were subjected to a particular environment and the outgassed products were evaluated by an odor panel. This panel was comprised of individuals with acute olfactory senses. The test results of the odor panel provided design engineers with data regarding potential material-odor problems. The odor-test procedure, panel-member selection, and odor scoring methods are described and typical test results are presented.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Conf. on Mater. for Improved Fire Safety; p 203-205
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  • 5
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    The influence of central search task luminance upon peripheral visual detection time (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Central panel luminance effect on peripheral visual detection time in search tasks
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; 331-335. (
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  • 6
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    Seeing and scintillation (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Astronomical telescopes image motion, distortion and scintillation, examining atmospheric refractive index and density/temperature variation effects
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; DIOTEKHNIKA (
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  • 7
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    Electroencephalographic and evoked potential correlates of reaction time and visual discrimination performance (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Electroencephalographic and evoked cortical potential correlates of reaction time and visual discrimination in humans
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; ADEMIE DES SCIENCES
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  • 8
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    Shuttle- Life support, protective systems, and crew system interface technology (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Space shuttle life support, protective and crew system interfaces, discussing food and waste management and accident procedures
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; VUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET
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  • 9
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    Biochemical and physiological consequences of the Apollo flight diet. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Six male subjects subsisting on a typical Apollo flight diet for five consecutive days were evaluated for changes in biochemical and physiological status. Laboratory examinations failed to demonstrate any significant changes of the kind previously attributed to weightlessness, such as in serum electrolytes, endocrine values, body fluid, or hematologic parameters.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Aerospace Medicine; 42; Nov. 197
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  • 10
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    Living and working in Skylab space (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Skylab habitability facilities for astronaut work effectiveness and physical well being
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; UGREVUE(
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  • 11
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    Effect of Apollo 11 lunar samples on terrestrial microorganisms (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Apollo 11 lunar samples effect on terrestrial microorganisms, noting pigment production effects of Fe leaching from bulk fines and core samples
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; YAL SOCIETY (
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  • 12
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    Electronic bicycle ergometer - A simple calibration procedure (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Electronic ergometer calibration equipment and errors at high work loads
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; 9-12, 15 (
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  • 13
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    Biomechanical studies in aerospace physiology (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Weightlessness, high acceleration and aerospace vehicle maneuvering effects on cardiovascular and vestibular systems, discussing disorientation, space sicknesses and blood circulation
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; YAL SOCIETY (
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  • 14
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    Rotating vivarium concept for earth-like habitation in space (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Earth-like ecology for habitation in space, considering hollow sunlit rotating space chamber for life cycles in controlled weather environment
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; ADEMIE DES SCIENCES
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  • 15
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    Lighting factors affecting the visibility of a moving display. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Compensatory tracking performance was shown to be substantially degraded by oscillation of the visual display at both 1.0 and 2.0 Hz. The severity of this decrement was altered significantly by changes in both the color and the intensity of the display illumination. Performance was significantly better with red light illuminating the display at 0.05 mL than with blue light at the equivalent luminance. This improvement in performance was similar in magnitude to that found for an increase in broad-band illumination of the display where luminance was increased from 1/2 log unit below to 1/2 log unit above 0.05 mL. Visual mechanisms that may have been responsible for these findings are suggested.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Perception and Psychophysics; 10; Dec. 197
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  • 16
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    Optimal flash rate and duty cycle for flashing visual indicators. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: This experiment examined the ability of observers to determine, as quickly as possible, whether a visual indicator was steadily on or flashing. Six flash rates (periods) were combined factorially with three duty cycles (on-off ratios) to define 18 ?types' of intermittent signals. Experimental sessions were divided into six runs of 100 trials, each run utilizing one of the six flash rates. On any given trial in a run, the probability of a steady signal occurring was 0.5 and the probability of a flashing signal occurring was 0.5. A different duty cycle was employed daily for each experimental session. In all, 400 trials were devoted to each of the flash rates at each duty cycle. Accuracy and latency of response were the dependent variables of interest. The results show that the observers view the light for an interval of time appropriate to the expected flash rate and duty cycle; whether they judge the light to be steady or intermittent depends upon whether the light is extinguished during the predetermined waiting period. Adoption of this temporal criterion delays responding in comparison to those tasks involving responses to light onset. The decision or response criteria held by the observers are also sensitive to the parameters of the flashing light: observers become increasingly willing to call a flashing light ?steady' as flash duration increases.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Human Factors; 13; Oct. 197
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  • 17
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    System distortion errors in radiorespirometry curves. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Description of a method for evaluating the maximum error producible in the system distortion of a carrier gas type radiorespirometer. The maximum producible error is evaluated on the basis of a second order. The maximum producible decrease in peak height output is calculated as a function of the system's time constant or flow rate by using the system's transfer function and the Laplace transformation equation (Gardner and Barnes, 1961).
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: International Journal of Applied Radiation and Isotopes; 22; 1971
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  • 18
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    Miniature battery-operated electromagnetic flowmeter (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Miniature battery operated electromagnetic blood flowmeter for data acquisition from unrestrained animals
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; 420-429. (
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  • 19
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    Apollo 14 food system. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The program for improving foods for use during space flights consists of introducing new foods and food-handling techniques on each successive manned space flight. Because of this continuing improvement program, the Apollo 14 food system was the most advanced and sophisticated food system to be used in the U.S. space program. The food system used during the Apollo 14 mission and recent space-food-system advances are described and discussed in regard to their usefulness for future manned space flights.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Aerospace Medicine; 42; Nov. 197
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  • 20
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    Installation and use of the microscope within a gastight glove box (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: High resolution phase contrast microscope adaptation for gastight glove box use with stage and focusing knobs in box for Apollo sample microbiological examination
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; TROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
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  • 21
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    Measurements, modeling, control and simulation - as applied to the human left ventricle for purposeful physiological monitoring. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Interdisciplinary engineering research effort in studying the intact human left ventricle has been employed to physiologically monitor the heart and to obtain its 'state-of-health' characteristics. The left ventricle was selected for this purpose because it plays a key role in supplying energy to the body cells. The techniques for measurement of the left ventricular geometry are described; the geometry is effectively displayed to bring out the abnormalities in cardiac function. Methods of mathematical modeling, which make it possible to determine the performance of the intact left ventricular muscle, are also described. Finally, features of a control system for the left ventricle for predicting the effect of certain physiological stress situations on the ventricle performance are discussed.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Franklin Institute; vol. 292
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  • 22
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    The null magnetic field as reference for the study of geomagnetic directional effects in animals and man. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Techniques for producing very low and zero magnetic fields are considered, giving attention to the compensation of the geomagnetic field by a Helmholtz coil system, approaches utilizing the shielding power of highly permeable alloys, and the complete exclusion of the geomagnetic field with the aid of a superconductive shield. Animal experiments in low magnetic fields are discussed, together with the exposure of man to 'null' magnetic fields and the Josephson junction as a possible biosensor of magnetic fields. It is found that neither the functions nor the behavior of man changes significantly during a two-week exposure to magnetic fields below 50 gammas.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
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  • 23
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    Chemically regenerated foods. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: The raw materials for the synthesis of food for the crew of a spacecraft would be the major metabolic products carbon dioxide and water. Synthetic processes could develop carbohydrates, fats, or proteins. The one potential method of sugar synthesis which has received most attention makes use of the formose reaction. Various aspects of this method are discussed, giving attention also to the nutritional qualities of formose sugars. Questions regarding the utilization of glycerol, propylene glycol, and ethanol as dietary components are also examined. The possibility is considered to use the triglyceride triacetin as food. The use of free amino acids does not appear promising. Methods are described for the synthesis of formaldehyde from carbon dioxide and the synthesis of glycerol from formaldehyde.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Environmental Biology and Medicine; 1; 1971
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  • 24
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    Automation of the Problem Oriented Medical Record (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-05
    Description: An improved ambulatory care delivery system developed for the Navy is examined. The system is centered around the concepts of problem oriented medical records and expanded use of paramedical personnel.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA, Washington Proc. of the Ann. Conf. of NASA Clinic Directors, Environ. Health Offic. and Med. Program Advisors; p 135-144
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  • 25
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    Development of a bladderless tank for space shuttle (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Development of bellows-type tanks for long term storage of potable water for space shuttle
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA. Kennedy Space Center Space Shuttle Technol. Conf., Vol. 2 e]; p 123-155
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  • 26
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    Preliminary results of space shuttle EC/LSS studies (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Status of LRC program on space shuttle environmental control and life support systems
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Space Shuttle Technol. Conf., Vol. 2; p 97-121
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  • 27
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    Subsystem trade-off environmental control and life support for orbiter phase B contractor (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Environmental control and life support subsystem for space shuttle orbiter
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA. Kennedy Space Center Space Shuttle Technol. Conf., Vol. 2 e]; p 83-95
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  • 28
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    Recent results from zero g cargo handling studies (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Cargo handling, transfer, and stowage under weightlessness conditions of space shuttle
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Space Shuttle Technol. Conf., Vol. 2; p 67-82
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  • 29
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    Evaluation of an energy absorbing crew seat integrated with a rocket extraction system (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Design, fabrication, and tests of energy absorbing seat integrated with extraction tractor rocket for space shuttle
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Space Shuttle Technol. Conf., Vol. 2; p 19-34
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  • 30
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    Space shuttle orbiter environmental control and life support systems (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Environmental control and life support system for space shuttle orbiter
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA. Kennedy Space Center Space Shuttle Technol. Conf., Vol. 2; p 1-17
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  • 31
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    Fire protection design for shuttle (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Fire prevention, protection, and fighting systems at KSC for space shuttle operations
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Space Shuttle Technol. Conf., Vol. 1; p 277-284
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  • 32
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    Human factors applications in teleoperator design and operation (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2018-12-01
    Description: Book on human factors application in teleoperator design and operation covering aerospace environments, transportation, remote control, sensors and actuator subsystems
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
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  • 33
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    A Proposed Incipient Fire and Toxic Gas Caution and Warning for Shuttle (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Incipient fire and toxic gas caution and warning system for space shuttles
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Space Shuttle Technol. Conf., Vol. 1; p 261-276
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  • 34
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    The experiments of Biosatellite II (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Biosatellite 2 onboard experiments studying weightlessness effects on biological processes and interaction with radiation from Sr 85 gamma ray source
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: IN- GRAVITY AND THE ORGANISM.; P. 443-450.
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  • 35
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    Growth responses of plants to gravity (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Gravity effects on auxin transport, growth and foliage spread of green plants for efficient radiation capture, using horizontal clinostat experiments
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: IN- GRAVITY AND THE ORGANISM.; P. 427-437.
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  • 36
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    Simulated weightlessness studies by compensation (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Plants behavioral reactions to continuous gravitational field directional reorientation by clinostat, discussing gravity compensation effects on tropism and forces required for geotropic response
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: IN- GRAVITY AND THE ORGANISM.; P. 415-426.
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  • 37
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    Medical experience in manned space flight (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Medical flight information on astronauts response to space flight environment in confined and unconfined state and during intra- and extravehicular activities
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
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  • 38
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    Labyrinthine and proprioceptive aspects of aerospace medicine (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Labyrinths and proprioceptors from aerospace medicine viewpoint, discussing motion sickness, spatial disorientation, manned space flight and rotation in space
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
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  • 39
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    Epidemiology and hygiene of air travel (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-01-25
    Description: Preventive medicine for air travelers in flight and at route stops, considering disease dissemination and control, international quarantinable diseases, sanitation, etc
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
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  • 40
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    On the dynamics of a human body model. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Equations of motion for a model of the human body are developed. Basically, the model consists of an elliptical cylinder representing the torso, together with a system of frustrums of elliptical cones representing the limbs. They are connected to the main body and each other by hinges and ball and socket joints. Vector, tensor, and matrix methods provide a systematic organization of the geometry. The equations of motion are developed from the principles of classical mechanics. The solution of these equations then provide the displacement and rotation of the main body when the external forces and relative limb motions are specified. Three simple example motions are studied to illustrate the method. The first is an analysis and comparison of simple lifting on the earth and the moon. The second is an elementary approach to underwater swimming, including both viscous and inertia effects. The third is an analysis of kicking motion and its effect upon a vertically suspended man such as a parachutist.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Biomechanics; 4; Oct. 197
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  • 41
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    Biomedical research and aerospace technology applications (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The accomplishments and activities of an Applications Team for biomedical subjects are presented. The team attempts to couple the technological problems and requirements in medicine with the relevant aerospace technology and, in particular, NASA-generated technology. The team actively engages in identifying these problems through direct contact with medical staffs or problem originators. The identification and specification of medical problems is followed by a search for technology which may be relevant to solutions to these problems.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-127792
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  • 42
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    Urine sampling and collection system (1971)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: This specification defines the performance and design requirements for the urine sampling and collection system engineering model and establishes requirements for its design, development, and test. The model shall provide conceptual verification of a system applicable to manned space flight which will automatically provide for collection, volume sensing, and sampling of urine.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-115507 , DOC-70SD5414
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  • 43
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    Goggle device for measuring the visually perceived direction of space (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A detailed description is given of a miniature line-target system that is illuminated by a radioactive source, collimated, and provided with suitable scales to indicate its position within the roll and pitch planes. These components are assembled in a lightweight, goggle that can be precisely positioned by means of a biteboard attachment. Uses of the goggle in the measurements of the perceived direction of space under ordinary and extraordinary test conditions are illustrated. Modifications are suggested that can extend its usefulness.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-125859 , NAMRL-1151
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  • 44
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    NASA's contributions to patient monitoring, appendix (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Health care problems, and markets for patient monitoring equipment are discussed along with contributions to all phases of patient monitoring, and technology transfer to nonaerospace problems. Health care medical requirements, and NASA achievements in patient monitoring are described, and a summary of the technology transfer is included.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-131538
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    Effects of viscosity and constraints on the dispersion and dissipation of waves in large blood vessels. II. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Comparison of previously described theoretical predictions with in vivo data from anesthetized dogs. It is shown that the observed attenuation of the pressure and axial waves cannot be accounted for by fluid viscosity alone. For large values of the frequency parameter alpha, the previous analysis is extended to include the effects of viscoelasticity of the vessel wall. The results indicate that the speeds of both types of waves are essentially unaffected by a realistic viscoelasticity model while the attenuation per wavelength is significantly increased and becomes frequency independent. There is fair agreement between theory and experiment.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Biophysical Journal; 11; Dec. 197
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    Effects of viscosity and constraints on the dispersion and dissipation of waves in large blood vessels. I. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Investigation of the effects of blood viscosity on dissipation as well as dispersion of small waves in arteries and veins by means of a parametric study. A linearized analysis of axisymmetric waves in a cylindrical membrane that contains a viscous fluid indicates that there are two families of waves: a family of slow waves and one of fast waves. The faster waves are shown to be more sensitive to variations in the elastic properties of the medium surrounding the blood vessels and at high values of the frequency parameter alpha. At low values of alpha the effects of viscosity on attenuation are reversed.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Biophysical Journal; 11; Dec. 197
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    Diffusing capacity and anatomic dead space for carbon-18 monoxide. (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Carbon monoxide (CO) is difficult to measure with a respiratory mass spectrometer because of the similar mass numbers of CO and nitrogen, but this is possible using carbon-18 monoxide. The mass resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, linearity, and background were all found to be adequate. The measurement of the single-breath diffusing capacity was examined. Unless the mean alveolar volume during breath holding is used in the calculation, the value for Dco obtained depends on which portion of the alveolar sample is analyzed. The anatomic dead space for CO was found to be almost the same as that for argon suggesting that the diffusion rate at the dead space-alveolar gas interface was not greatly affected by the alveolar concentration of the gas.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Applied Physiology; 31; Dec. 197
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    Splanchnic vasoconstriction in hyperthermic man - Role of falling blood pressure. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results of a study in which six supine resting subjects, wearing water-perfused suits, had body skin temperature controlled at 35 C for 30 min (control period), then rapidly increased to 40.5 C for 43 to 50 min (heating period) in a two-part experiment. In the first part of the experiment arterial mean pressure (MP) in three men was increased back to, or above control levels at the 30 to 35th min of heating by total occlusion of both legs for 8 to 10 min. Splanchnic blood flow (SBF), which had fallen from 1.4 to 0.9 L/min at occlusion, rose only 0.05 L/min during occlusion. Splanchnic vascular resistance (SVR) rose throughout heating and occlusion. In the second part of the experiment (three men) SBF fell despite a spontaneous rise in MP and aortic pulse pressure prior to leg occlusion. Cardiac output (CO) was measured just before, during and after occlusion. Occlusion raised MP 10 to 15 mm Hg and reduced CO only slightly. It is concluded that falling MP or aortic pulse pressure are not major causes of the splanchnic vasoconstriction in response to heating man.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Applied Physiology; 31; Dec. 197
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    Peripheral modifications to the central drive for sweating. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Three subjects performed from 15 to 20 bouts of 10-min bicycle ergometer exercise in a 26 C ambient. The procedure imposed a consistent pattern of internal (esophageal) temperature increase in the presence of a constant mean skin temperature. Body weight loss was continuously recorded and rate of evaporative loss due to sweating was calculated during each minute of exercise. It was confirmed that both local and total sweating are functions of internal temperature at a fixed constant mean skin temperature. In the presence of a constant central drive for sweating, the sweating response could be modified at the periphery according to the area-specific characteristics and/or by local temperature.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Applied Physiology; 31; Dec. 197
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    Gyroscopic stimulation of the semicircular canals during sensory deprivation. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A static object revolving at a constant velocity is stationary with respect to that environment. When the object is rotated outside the plane of spin, a gyroscopic or cross-coupled acceleration is produced orthogonal to the two planes of rotation. In this situation, a man feels himself moving in a direction other than that which his visual or proprioceptive sensors perceive. The conflict in spatial orientation is the cross-coupled acceleration imposed on the semicircular canals. This perceptual conflict and the thresholds involved were studied by partial isolation of the physiological stimuli through sensory deprivation. Subjects weighted to neutral buoyancy were submerged in 94 F water in the dark. The subjects were then rotated while being revolved about a displaced axis. Thresholds for detection of angular acceleration were higher than those reported in the literature for detection of acceleration of a single plane. This discrepancy may be attributable to the length of time the stimuli are imposed to each of the canals and the cupular response periods.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Aerospace Medicine; 42; Dec. 197
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    The relation of QRS amplitude to the frontal QRS axis and the heart-electrode distance. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The relation between QRS amplitude, QRS axis deviation and heart position was studied in 360 subjects, using the 12-lead EKG. The height of the V sub 6 R wave was used as the measure of QRS amplitude. The distance from the left lateral border of the heart was used to indicate heart position. The frontal and horizontal QRS axes were determined by noting the isoelectric limb and precordial leads, measured according to Schmitt's values.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Electrocardiology; 4; 3, 19; 1971
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    Pilot reports of disorientation across 14 years of flight. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The purpose of this study was to compare recent incidents involving disorientation in flight reported by 336 Air Force, Army, and Navy pilots with incidents reported by 137 pilots in 1956. The pilots reported their experiences using a check list and a written description of an experience with disorientation in the aircraft they were flying at the time. The latter included 40 incidents which occurred in support of operations in Vietnam. The reports of disorientation showed a striking similarity across types of aircraft flown over 14 years of flying, as well as with the incidents occurring in Vietnam. However, some variation in reports between aircraft types was noted. These reports of disorientation suggest that disorientation is currently experienced in a wide variety of flight operations and that it will continue to be experienced by aircraft pilots.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Aerospace Medicine; 42; July 197
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  • 53
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    Effects on sustained performance of time-sharing a three-phase code transformation task /3P-COTRAN/. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A group of 20 highly trained subjects were divided randomly into five equal groups to time-share the 3P-COTRAN task with a different task combination of a multitask performance battery (MTPB) used by Alluisi (1969). The effects of the time-sharing on the 3P-COTRAN performance and the effects of 3P-COTRAN on the time-shared MTPB performances are analyzed.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Perceptual and Motor Skills; 33; Oct. 197
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    Acquisition and performance of a problem-solving skill. (1971)
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    Description: The acquisition of skill in the performance of a three-phase code transformation task (3P-COTRAN) was studied with 20 subjects who solved 27 3P-COTRAN problems during each of 8 successive sessions. The purpose of the study was to determine the changes in the 3P-COTRAN factor structure resulting from practice, the distribution of practice-related gains in performance over the nine measures of the five 3P-COTRAN factors, and the effects of transformation complexities on the 3P-COTRAN performance of subjects. A significant performance gain due to practice was observed, with improvements in speed continuing even when accuracy reached asymptotic levels. Transformation complexity showed no effect on early performances but the 3- and 4-element transformations were solved quicker than the 5-element transformation in the problem-solving Phase III of later skilled performances.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Perceptual and Motor Skills; 33; Oct. 197
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    Trends in problem-solving research - Twelve recently described tasks. (1971)
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    Description: Review of descriptions of the 12 problem-solving tasks developed since the last review (Ray, 1955) of this topic, indicating that the newer tasks are more sophisticated in design and provide for better experimental control than those used prior to 1953. Validity, reliability, sensitivity, trainability, problem structure, and problem difficulty are discussed as criteria for the selection of tasks to be used in studies of skilled problem-solving performance.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Perceptual and Motor Skills; 33; Oct. 197
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    A biplane roentgen videometry system for dynamic /60 per second/ studies of the shape and size of circulatory structures, particularly the left ventricle. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A roentgen-television digital-computer technique and a display system developed for dynamic circulatory structure studies are described. Details are given for a videoroentgenographic setup which is used for obtaining biplane roentgen silhouettes of a left ventricle. A 60 per sec measurement of the shape and volume of angiographically outlined cardiac chambers can be made by this technique along with simultaneous ECG, pressure, and flow measurements accessible for real-time digital computer processing and analysis.
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    Back contamination. (1971)
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    Description: Discussion of the concept and implications of back contamination and of the ways and means for its prevention. Back contamination is defined as contamination of the terrestrial biosphere with organisms or materials returned from outer space that are capable of potentially harmful terrestrial activity. Since the question of whether or not life exists on other planets may, in reality, not be answered until many samples are returned to earth for detailed study, requirements for the prevention of back contamination are necessary. A review of methods of microbiologic contamination control is followed by a discussion of the nature of back contamination and its risk levels, contamination sources and locations, and possible defenses against back contamination. The U.S. lunar back contamination program is described and shown to provide a valuable basis for further refining the technology for the control of planetary back contamination.
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    Contamination of planets by nonsterile flight hardware. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The various factors about space missions and spacecraft involved in the study of nonsterile space flight hardware with respect to their effects on planetary quarantine are reviewed. It is shown that methodology currently exists to evaluate the various potential contamination sources and to take appropriate steps in the design of spacecraft ha rdware and mission parameters so that quarantine constraints are met. This work should be done for each program so that the latest knowledge pertaining to various biological questions is utilized, and so that the specific hardware designs of the program can be assessed. The general trend of specific recommendations include: (1) biasing the launch trajectory away from planet to assure against accidental impact of the spacecraft; (2) selecting planetary orbits that meet quarantine requirements - both for accidental impact and for minimizing contamination probabilities due to ejecta; and (3) manufacturing and handling spacecraft under cleanliness conditions assuring minimum bioload.
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    Microbial survival in deep space environment. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Review of the knowledge available on the extent to which microorganisms (mainly microbial spores, vegetative cells, and fungi) are capable of surviving the environment of deep space, based on recent simulation experiments of deep space. A description of the experimental procedures used is followed by a discussion of deep space ecology, the behavior of microorganisms in ultrahigh vacuum, and factors influencing microbial survival. It is concluded that, so far, simulation experiments have proved far less lethal to microorganisms than to other forms of life. There are, however, wide gaps in the knowledge available, and no accurate predictions can as yet be made on the degree of lethality that might be incurred by a microbial population on a given mission. Therefore, sterilization of spacecraft surfaces is deemed necessary if induced panspermia (i.e., interplanetary life propagation) is to be avoided.
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    Control of microbial contamination. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Two specific applications are discussed of microbial contamination control in planetary quarantine. Under the first concept, using the clean room to control environmental microorganisms, the objective is to reduce the microbial species and keep the numbers of microorganisms within an enclosure at a low level. The clean room concept is aimed at obtaining a product that has a controlled and reduced level of microbial contamination. Under the second concept, using the microbiological barrier to control microbial contamination of a specific product, the barrier techniques are designed to prevent the entry of any microorganisms into a sterile work area. Thus the assembly of space flight hardware within the confines of a microbiological barrier is aimed at obtaining a sterile product. In theory and practice, both approaches are shown to be applicable to the planetary quarantine program.
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    Sterilization of space hardware. (1971)
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    Description: Discussion of various techniques of sterilization of space flight hardware using either destructive heating or the action of chemicals. Factors considered in the dry-heat destruction of microorganisms include the effects of microbial water content, temperature, the physicochemical properties of the microorganism and adjacent support, and nature of the surrounding gas atmosphere. Dry-heat destruction rates of microorganisms on the surface, between mated surface areas, or buried in the solid material of space vehicle hardware are reviewed, along with alternative dry-heat sterilization cycles, thermodynamic considerations, and considerations of final sterilization-process design. Discussed sterilization chemicals include ethylene oxide, formaldehyde, methyl bromide, dimethyl sulfoxide, peracetic acid, and beta-propiolactone.
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    Microbiologic assay of space hardware. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Review of the procedures used in the microbiological examination of space hardware. The general procedure for enumerating aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms and spores is outlined. Culture media and temperature-time cycles used for incubation are reviewed, along with assay systems designed for the enumeration of aerobic and anaerobic spores. The special problems which are discussed are involved in the precise and accurate enumeration of microorganisms on surfaces and in the neutralization of viable organisms buried inside solid materials that could be released to a planet's surface if the solid should be fractured. Special attention is given to sampling procedures including also the indirect techniques of surface assays of space hardware such as those using detachable or fallout strips. Some data on comparative levels of microbial contamination on lunar and planetary spacecraft are presented.
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    Analytical basis for planetary quarantine. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The attempt is made to investigate quarantine constraints, and alternatives for meeting them, in sufficient detail for identifying those courses of action which compromise neither the quarantine nor the space mission objectives. Mathematical models pertinent to this goal are formulated at three distinct levels. The first level of mission constraint models pertains to the quarantine goals considered necessary by the international scientific community. The principal emphasis of modeling at this level is to quantify international considerations and to produce well-defined mission constraints. Such constraints must be translated into explicit implementation requirements by the operational agency of the launching nation. This produces the second level of implementation system modeling. However, because of the multitude of factors entering into the implementation models, it is convenient to consider these factors at the third level of implementation parameter models. These models are intentionally limited to the inclusion of only those factors which can be quantified realistically, either now or in the near future.
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    On the anisotropic elastic properties of hydroxyapatite. (1971)
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    Description: Experimental measurements of the isotropic elastic moduli on polycrystalline specimens of hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite are compared with elastic constants measured directly from single crystals of fluorapatite in order to derive a set of pseudo single crystal elastic constants for hydroxyapatite. The stiffness coefficients thus derived are given. The anisotropic and isotropic elastic properties are then computed and compared with similar properties derived from experimental observations of the anisotropic behavior of bone.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Biomechanics; 4; May 1971
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    Analytical and experimental investigations of human spine flexure. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: The authors report on experiments to measure the resistance of fresh human spines to flexion in the upper lumbar and lower thoracic regions and evaluate results by using a combination of strength of materials theory and effects of shear and comparing with data reported by other authors. The test results indicate that the thoraco-lumbar spine behaves approximately as a linear elastic beam, without relaxation effects. The authors formulate a simple continuum dynamic model of the spine simulating aircraft ejection and solve the resulting boundary value problem to illustrate the importance of the flexural mode. A constant cross-section, the selected model is a sinusoidally curved elastic beam with an end mass subjected to a Heaviside axial acceleration at the other end. The paper presents transient response results for the spinal model axial and bending displacements and axial force.-
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ASME PAPER 71-WA/BHF-7
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    Prediction of flow profiles in arteries from local measurements. (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: This paper develops an approximate numerical method for calculating flow profiles in arteries. The theory takes into account the nonlinear terms of the Navier-Stokes equations as well as the large deformations of the arterial wall. The method, assuming axially symmetric flow, determines velocity distribution and wall shear at a given location from the locally measured values of the pressure, pressure gradient, and pressure-radius relation. The computed results agree well with the corresponding experimental data.
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    Type: ASME PAPER 71-WA/BHF-3
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    Behavioral, psychiatric, and sociological problems of long-duration space missions (1971)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A literature search was conducted in an effort to isolate the problems that might be expected on long-duration space missions. Primary sources of the search include short-term space flights, submarine tours, Antarctic expeditions, isolation-chamber tests, space-flight simulators, and hypodynamia studies. Various stressors are discussed including weightlessness and low sensory input; circadian rhythms (including sleep); confinement, isolation, and monotony; and purely psychiatric and sociological considerations. Important aspects of crew selection are also mentioned. An attempt is made to discuss these factors with regard to a prototype mission to Mars.
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    Type: NASA-TM-X-58067
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    Tolerence for work-induced heat stress in men wearing liquidcooled garments (1971)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An investigation of the heat tolerance in men unable to dispose of metabolic heat as fast as it is produced within the body is discussed. Examinations were made of (a) the effect of work rate (metabolic rate) on tolerance time when body heat storage rate is a fixed quantity, and (b) tolerance time as a function of metabolic rate when heat loss is terminated after a thermal quasi-equilibrium was attained under comfortable conditions of heat transfer. The nature of the physiological mechanisms involved in such heat stress situations, and the possibility of using prediction techniques to establish standard procedures in emergencies involving cooling system failures are also discussed.
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    Type: NASA-CR-115420
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    Biowaste resistojet propellant system, biological and functional analysis, task 1 and 2 (1971)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The influence of chemical contaminants in potential biowaste sources upon the design and interface requirements of a biowaste resistojet propulsion system for a space station and/or base are evaluated. Chemical contaminants are defined as all compounds present in biowaste other than carbon dioxide, water, and methane. The latter are the nominal effluent candidates for the biowaste resistojet.
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    Type: NASA-CR-111977
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    Hemodynamic evaluation of rate augmentation produced by atrial pacing and isoproterenol in the early postoperative phase of cardiac valve surgery (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Hemodynamic evaluation of heart rate augmentation produced by atrial pacing and isoprotenol in early postoperative phase of cardiac valve surgery
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    Type: ; ADEMIE DES SCIENCES
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    Hybrid water immersion simulation of manual IVA performance in weightlessness (1971)
    In:  CASI
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    Description: A description is given of the development, tests, and analysis of a manual simulator. The simulator was developed to test mass handling and translation under weightlessness conditions by a test subject. The system is composed of a hybrid simulator with a combination of water immersion and mechanical, Peter Pan, simulation. The concept operates on the equivalence principle, with the subject and the cargo remaining quasi-stationary. Movement is effected through a moving device controlled through force by the subject. Motion response is determined through computations of the inertial movement under such conditions.
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    Type: NASA-CR-115436 , ERA-71-3
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    University role in astronaut life support systems: Portable thermal control systems (1971)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: One of the most vital life support systems is that used to provide the astronaut with an adequate thermal environment. State-of-the-art techniques are reviewed for collecting and rejecting excess heat loads from the suited astronaut. Emphasis is placed on problem areas which exist and which may be suitable topics for university research. Areas covered include thermal control requirements and restrictions, methods of heat absorption and rejection or storage, and comparison between existing methods and possible future techniques.
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    Type: NASA-CR-1852
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  • 73
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    Pupillary responses during a short-term memory task - Cognitive processing, arousal, or both (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Eye pupil response during short term memory task, noting postsignal cycle of dilation-constriction
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    Type: ; 331-335. (
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    Ultrasonic imaging of in vivo bubbles in decompression sickness (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Scanning ultrasonic imaging technique for in vivo monitoring of microscopic bubble formation in decompression sickness, presenting image displays
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    Type: ; ADEMIE DES SCIENCES
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    A computerized bacterial identification system as applied to planetary quarantine (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Computerized bacterial identification system to process Apollo spacecraft sample laboratory test results in NASA Planetary Quarantine Lunar Information System
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    Type: ; 104-111. (
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  • 76
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    Exponential decontamination models for count data (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Mathematical models for microorganism exponential die-off rate and variance estimation from decontamination data
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; 104-111. (
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  • 77
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    A preliminary theory of the effects of task and environmental factors on human performance (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Human performance as function of task and environmental factors, using psychological and physiological references
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: AD-754001 , AFOSR-72-2454TR , ; 104-111. (
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    Learned control of heart rate and blood pressure (1971)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Heart rate and systolic pressure variability control through visual feedback of physiological information, obtaining respiratory measurements and ECG
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; - ASTRONOMY 1969- TE
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  • 79
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    Two quantitative measures of skill development (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Human perceptual motor skill development in tracking performance, using feedback control system gain and effective time delay as measures
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; - ASTRONOMY 1969- TE
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  • 80
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    Centrifugally obtained artificial gravity (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Artificial gravity field produced by rotating spacecraft in earth orbit, examining astronaut physical responses and centrifugal force effects on work tasks
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; ADEMIE DES SCIENCES
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  • 81
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    Perceptual masking - Peripheral vs central factors (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Visual perceptual masking under binocular and dichoptic conditions separating peripheral and central interference effects
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; ADEMIE DES SCIENCES
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  • 82
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    Plant responses to chronic acceleration (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Wheat seedling responses to chronic acceleration, considering total height, coleoptile diameter, root length, sensitivity to growth retardation and histological changes
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: IN- GRAVITY AND THE ORGANISM.; P. 341-369.
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  • 83
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    Reliability and correlates of a three-phase code transformation task /3P-COTRAN/ (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Three phase code transformation task reliability and correlation, representing general/factor analytic intellectual abilities and personality characteristics
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; IENCES (
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  • 84
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    An improved cell volume analyzer (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Cell volume analyzer for sensing individual blood cells and plotting number as function of size
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; ANSPORTURI AUTO, NAV
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  • 85
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    Chronic catheterization and handling procedures for marmots (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Autoclave chronic catheter system and restraining box for blood sampling and pressure measurement for hibernating marmots
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; DIOTEKHNIKA (
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  • 86
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    Regional differences in pleural and esophageal pressures in head-up and head-down positions (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Dogs intrapleural and intraesophageal pressures dependence on head positions
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; DIOTEKHNIKA (
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  • 87
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    Disclosure by dietary modification of an exercise-induced protein catabolism in man (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Exercise-induced human protein catabolism not due to caloric deficit
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; DIOTEKHNIKA (
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  • 88
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    Identification of human operator models by stochastic approximation (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Human operator models parameter estimation by stochastic approximation, considering continuous and sampled data models
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; YAL SOCIETY (
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  • 89
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    An index for describing food utility (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Food utility calculation for various formose sugar treatments as valid qualitative measure of relative effects of dietary materials
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: ; STERN PHARMACOLOGY S
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  • 90
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    Inertial waste separation system for zero G WMS (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The design, operation, and flight test are presented for an inertial waste separation system. Training personnel to use this system under simulated conditions is also discussed. Conclusions indicate that before the system is usable in zero gravity environments, a mirror for the user's guidance should be installed, the bounce cycle and bag changing system should be redesigned, and flange clips should be added to improve the user's balance.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-115327 , REPT-1506-4-R7
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  • 91
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    Experimental system for the control of surgically induced infections (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The development tests to be performed on the experimental system are described in detail. The test equipment, conditions, and procedures are given. The portable clean room tests include assembly, collapsability, portability, and storage; laminar flow rate; static pressure; air flow pattern; and electrostatic buildup. The other tests are on the ventilation system, human factors evaluation, electrical subsystem, and material compatibility.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-124762 , D203613-006 , MCR-71-328
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  • 92
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    A guide to onboard checkout. Volume 2: Environmental control and life support (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A description of space station equipment for environmental control and life support is presented. Reliability and maintenance procedures are reviewed. Failure analysis and checkout tests are discussed. The strategy for software checkout is noted.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-115260 , IBM-71W-00309-VOL-2
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  • 93
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    Applications of aerospace technology in industry. A technology transfer profile: Food technology (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Food processing and preservation technologies are reviewed, expected technological advances are considered including processing and market factors. NASA contributions to food technology and nutrition are presented with examples of transfer from NASA to industry.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-124815
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  • 94
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    Digital automatic data reduction techniques used in a 1000-flight biomedical study (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Techniques developed to automatically process a large quantity of physiological data obtained during a 1000-flight study are described. To reduce this data reliably, a study program was conducted using physiological data from X-15 flights as a data source for experimenting with signal enhancement and noise elimination techniques. The techniques include an automatic means for counting heart rates, averaging electrocardiogram waveforms, plotting histograms of heart rate versus frequency, and counting respiration rates. These techniques were used to reduce more than 2000 hours of physiological data recorded in flight.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-TN-D-6601 , H-651
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  • 95
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    Development of techniques for measuring pilot workload (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An objective method of assessing information workload based on physiological measurements was developed. Information workload, or reserve capacity, was measured using a visual discrimination secondary task and subjective rating of task difficulty. The primary task was two axis (pitch and roll) tracking, and the independent variables in this study were aircraft pitch dynamics and wind gust disturbances. The study was structured to provide: (1) a sensitive, nonloading measure of reserve capacity, and (2) an unencumbering reliable measurement of the psychophysiological state. From these, a measured workload index (MWI) and physiological workload index (PWI) were extracted. An important measure of the success of this study was the degree to which the MWI and PWI agreed across the 243 randomly-presented, four-minute trials (9 subjects X 9 tasks X 3 replications). The electrophysiological data collected included vectorcardiogaram, respiration, electromyogram, skin impedance, and electroencephalogram. Special computer programs were created for the analysis of each physiological variable. The digital data base then consisted of 82 physiological features for each of the 243 trials. A prediction of workload based on physiological observations was formulated as a simultaneous least-squares prediction problem. A best subset of 10 features was chosen to predict the three measures of reserve capacity. The cannonical correlation coefficient was .754 with a chi squared value of 91.3 which allows rejection of the null hypothesis with p of .995.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-1888
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  • 96
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    Analytic evaluation of display requirements for approach to landing (1971)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A computerized analysis procedure, based on a control theoretic model of the human pilot, is used to evaluate display requirements for longitudinal control in the landing approach. The display employed a digitally generated, perspective runway image with a superimposed artificial horizon for pitch indication. System performance measures are obtained for the approach phase of a light aircraft and a DC-8; predictions are made as to the effects of several display modifications. It is found that augmenting the basic display with glide slope reference bars and a velocity aim point yields adequate performance in calm air. Under moderate turbulence, the augmented display appears to be adequate for a DC-8 approach but not for a light aircraft.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-1952
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  • 97
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    Definition study for an extended manned test of a regenerative life support system, preliminary test plan (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A preliminary plan and procedure are presented for conducting an extended manned test program for a regenerative life support system. Emphasis will be placed on elements associated with long-term system operation and long-term uninterrupted crew confinement.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-111999 , MDC-G2625
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  • 98
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    To develop a spectral analyzer for physiological and medical use (1971)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Scientific requirements necessary to develop a spectral analyzer for monitoring mammalian subjects, are discussed. The analyzer measures dynamic or time dependent data as a measure of the subjects operating status. Measurable data include metabolic rate, body temperature, and blood constituents like glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, and lactic acid. Metabolic cycles were found with periodicities in the range of minutes and hours; longer cycles in body weight (3 1/2 days and 60 days), indicative of metabolic processes, were also found.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
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  • 99
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    Analysis of inflight sleep, experiment M008 (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The feasibility of recording the electroencephalogram during space flight is demonstrated. The precise information that is collected with the electroencephalograph regarding the duration, depth, and number of sleep periods implies that electroencephalogram monitoring should be considered for routine use in the long-duration space flights that are contemplated for the Apollo Program and other programs. The importance of such information in the direction and execution of the flight, both to the medical monitors and to the crewmembers, is obvious.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: EXPT-M008 , NASA. Manned Spacecraft Center The Gemini Program Biomed. Sci. Expt. Sum.; p 147-154
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  • 100
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    Inflight exercise and work tolerance, experiment M003 (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The response of the cardiovascular system to a known exercise workload is used as index of the general physical condition of crewmembers during long duration space flight. Day-to-day evaluations of pulse rates before and after exercise periods were not remarkable. The response of the cardiovascular system to a calibrated workload was relatively constant for a given individual during space flights of as many as 14 days in connection with the Gemini Program.
    Keywords: BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Type: EXPT-M003 , The Gemini Program Biomed. Sci. Expt. Sum.; p 111-124
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