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  • Other Sources  (805)
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS  (406)
  • MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT  (387)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • Earth model, also for more shallow analyses !
  • Life and Medical Sciences
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  • 1975-1979  (803)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1920-1924
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  • 1977  (323)
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  • 1975-1979  (803)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1920-1924
  • 1915-1919  (2)
Year
  • 1
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    Earth flattening approximation for body waves derived from geometric ray theory - improvements, corrections and range of applicability (1977)
    In:  J. Geophys., Warszawa, American Geophysical Union, vol. 42, no. 1+2, pp. 429-436, pp. L08304, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Theoret. geophys. ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Seismology ; Muller
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    The flow of heat from Earth's interior (1977)
    In:  Sci. Am., Stockholm, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, vol. 236, no. 8, pp. 60-76, pp. L11308, (ISSN: 1340-4202)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Geothermics ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Review article ; SciAm
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Bau und Entwicklungsetappen der westlichen Osteuropäischen Tafel innerhalb der Bjelorussischen SSR und benachbarter Gebiete (1977)
    In:  Zeitschrift f. angew. Geol., Berlin, Inst. Electrical & Electronics Engineers, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 470-478, pp. B04307, (ISBN: 0534351875, 2nd edition)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; EUROPROBE (Geol. and Geophys. in eastern Europe) ; Geol. aspects ; Garetsky ; Aizberg
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 4
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    Aktuelle Forstschutzmaßnahmen (1977)
    In:  Informationen der Hauptstelle für Forstlichen Pflanzenschutz; Nr. 3
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977
    Description: Beschreibungen der durchgeführten Maßnahmen zum Forstschutz, der gegenwärtigen Situation (von u.a. Kiefernspanner, Forleule, Nonne, Kiefernspinner, Gemeine und Gelbe Kiefernbuschhornblattwespe) und Maßnahmen zur Kontrolle und Überwachung von Schädlingen KATASTER-BESCHREIBUNG: Einfluss der Witterung (Temperatur, Niederschlag) auf die Schädlingspopulation KATASTER-DETAIL: Delta T - und Delta Nied -, dann Entwicklung (Schadinsekten) -; Delta T +: T 〉 20 °C, dann Eiablage (Blauer Kiefernprachtkäfer) bis Ende September
    Keywords: DDR ; 1977 ; Insekten ; Fichte ; Forst ; Kiefer ; Niederschlag ; Pflanzenschädling ; Temperatur ; Witterung
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY INKA BB
  • 5
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    Modelle zur Dynamik kontinentaler und ozeanischer Lithosphärenplatten (1977)
    Inst. f. Meteorol. und Geophysik der Johann Wolfgang von Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main
    In:  Dissertation, Berichte, Wiesbaden, Inst. f. Meteorol. und Geophysik der Johann Wolfgang von Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, vol. 10, no. 35, pp. 327-338, (ISBN 0 08 042822 3)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Plate tectonics ; Tectonics ; Modelling ; Earth model, also for more shallow analyses ! ; Braunmuhl
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 6
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    Task and work performance on Skylab missions 2, 3, and 4: Time and motion study: Experiment M151 (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: Human task performance was evaluated under weightlessness conditions during long duration space flight in order to study the characteristics of the adaptation function. Results show that despite pronounced variability in training schedules and in initial reaction to the Skylab environment, in-flight task performance was relatively equivalent among Skylab crews, and behavioral performance continued to improve from beginning to end of all missions.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA. JSC Biomed. Results from Skylab; p 136-154
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  • 7
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    Flight control experiences (1977)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2006-01-16
    Description: A multidisciplinary medical-management team at mission control provided Skylab crew support by monitoring health, retrieving and compiling experimental data, assisting in the development of flight plans, and by contributing to in-flight procedures and checklists. Real time computers assisted the flight crews in performing medical and other experiments.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Biomed. Results from Skylab; p 20-21
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  • 8
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    A new method for predicting response in complex linear systems. II (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The paper describes convergence and response studies in the low frequency range of complex systems, particularly with low values of damping of different distributions, and reports on the modification of the relaxation procedure required under these conditions. A new method is presented for response estimation in complex lumped parameter linear systems under random or deterministic steady state excitation. The essence of the method is the use of relaxation procedures with a suitable error function to find the estimated response; natural frequencies and normal modes are not computed. For a 45 degree of freedom system, and two relaxation procedures, convergence studies and frequency response estimates were performed. The low frequency studies are considered in the framework of earlier studies (Kayser and Bogdanoff, 1975) involving the mid to high frequency range.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Journal of Sound and Vibration; 53; Aug. 22
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  • 9
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    Finite element stress analysis of the human left ventricle whose irregular shape is developed from single plane cineangiocardiogram (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The three-dimensional left ventricular chamber geometrical model is developed from single plane cineangiocardiogram. This left ventricular model is loaded by an internal pressure monitored by cardiac catheterization. The resulting stresses in the left ventricular model chamber's wall are determined by computerized finite element procedure. For the discretization of this left ventricular model structure, a 20-node, isoparametric finite element is employed. The analysis and formulation of the computerised procedure is presented in the paper, along with the detailed algorithms and computer programs. The procedure is applied to determine the stresses in a left ventricle at an instant, during systole. Next, a portion (represented by a finite element) of this left ventricular chamber is simulated as being infarcted by making its active-state modulus value equal to its passive-state value; the neighbouring elements are shown to relieve the 'infarcted' element of stress by themselves taking on more stress.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Computer Programs in Biomedicine; 7; Sept
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  • 10
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    Response of a beam on an inertial foundation to a traveling load (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The response of a Bernoulli-Euler beam supported by a Winkler-type elastic foundation with inertia and subjected to a moving load is investigated. Steady-state solutions are determined for an undamped and linearly damped beam-foundation system. The effects on the response of load velocity, foundation mass, and damping are studied. For the undamped system, it is well known that the response grows without bound as a certain critical velocity is approached. It is shown that the effect of foundation mass is to reduce the critical velocity and to increase the peak deflection. The increase in peak deflection becomes more pronounced as the critical velocity is approached. As in the case of massless foundation, the deflection wave is observed to be symmetric with respect to the load. When damping is introduced, the deflection wave loses its symmetry, and the peak deflection is reduced. Results for both cases are given in graphical form.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 15; Aug. 197
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  • 11
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    Proximity sensor technology for manipulator end effectors (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Optical proximity sensing devices suitable for hand mounting on a manipulator are described, which use near IR LED light sources operating at 0.94 micron and silicon detectors, with appropriate signal processing so that the data are unaffected by ambient light. Laboratory tests with simple proximity sensors are described. Extension of the same techniques to yield multipoint or digital sensors is also discussed. A cooperative proximity sensor concept is described, which employs a composite mirror attached to the work piece to generate an unambiguous set of position and orientation signals. A very rudimentary experiment in local control of a manipulator with a pair of hand mounted proximity sensors is also described.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
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  • 12
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    Three dimensional beam elements synthesis applications with stress constraints, nonlinear size-stiffness relationships and various size-inertia powers (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Computers and Structures; 7; Aug. 197
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  • 13
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    On the role of minicomputers in structural design (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Results are presented of exploratory studies on the use of a minicomputer in conjunction with large-scale computers to perform structural design tasks, including data and program management, use of interactive graphics, and computations for structural analysis and design. An assessment is made of minicomputer use for the structural model definition and checking and for interpreting results. Included are results of computational experiments demonstrating the advantages of using both a minicomputer and a large computer to solve a large aircraft structural design problem.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
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  • 14
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    Imperfection surveys on a 10-ft-diameter shell structure (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The results of an extensive imperfection survey on a 10-ft-diameter integrally stiffened cylindrical shell are presented. The shape of the measured initial imperfections is clearly influenced by details of the shell construction. The modal components of the measured imperfection surface as a function of the circumferential and of the axial wave numbers are calculated. The discrete axial power spectral density functions and the corresponding root-mean-square values of the imperfections are also determined for given circumferential wave numbers. Using the Fourier coefficients of the measured initial imperfections, buckling loads are calculated by solving the nonlinear Donnell-type imperfect shell equations iteratively. The calculated lowest buckling load compares favorably with the values usually recommended for similar shell structures.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 15; July 197
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  • 15
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    A finite element technique for non-deterministic thermal deformation analyses including temperature dependent material properties (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A technique utilizing the finite element displacement method is developed for the static analysis of structures subjected to non-deterministic thermal loading in which the material properties, assumed isotropic, are temperature dependent. Matrix equations are developed for the first two statistical moments of the displacements using a third order series expansion for the displacements in terms of the random temperatures. Sample problems are included to demonstrate the range of applicability of the third order series solutions. These solutions are compared with results from Monte Carlo analyses and also, for some problems, with solutions obtained by numerically integrating equations for the statistical properties of the displacements. In general, it is shown that the effect of temperature dependent material properties can have a significant effect on the covariances of the displacements.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering; 11; 6, 19; 1977
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  • 16
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    Forced vibrations of simply supported orthotropic sandwich plates (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Force transmissibility, driving-point impedance, and transfer impedance of a simply supported rectangular orthotropic sandwich plate are investigated. The plate is driven by a sinusoidally varying point force either at the plate center or at any arbitrary location. The variation of force transmissibility and impedance with frequency, and the manner in which this is influenced by the various sandwich-plate parameters are studied and presented graphically.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Acoustical Society of America; vol. 61
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  • 17
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    Symbolic manipulation techniques for vibration analysis of laminated elliptic plates (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A computational scheme is presented for the free vibration analysis of laminated composite elliptic plates. The scheme is based on Hamilton's principle, the Rayleigh-Ritz technique and symmetry considerations and is implemented with the aid of the MACSYMA symbolic manipulation system. The MACYSMA system, through differentiation, integration, and simplification of analytic expressions, produces highly-efficient FORTRAN code for the evaluation of the stiffness and mass coefficients. Multiple use is made of this code to obtain not only the frequencies and mode shapes of the plate, but also the derivatives of the frequencies with respect to various material and geometric parameters.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA. Langley Res. Center Proc. of the 1977 MACSYMA Users' Conf. (NASA); p 161-175
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  • 18
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    Ride quality research techniques: Section on general techniques (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Information is gathered about the methods currently used for the study of ride quality in a variety of transportation modes by a variety of research organizations, including universities, Federal agencies, contracting firms, and private industries. Detailed descriptions of these techniques and their strengths and weaknesses, and identifying the organizations using such methods are presented. The specific efforts of the Group's participants, as well as a variety of feasible approaches not currently in use, are presented as methodological alternatives under the three basic factors which must be considered in ride quality studies: research techniques, research environments, and choice of subjects.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Summary Report: Workshop on Vehicle Ride Quality; p 38-64
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  • 19
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    On scaling techniques (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An introductory review of the principles of scaling with emphasis on ride quality work is presented. It will be divided into six parts as follows: (1) definition of scaling, (2) scope and goals of scaling, (3) scaling techniques (with emphasis on rating scale, magnitude estimation procedures and cross-modality matching), (4) laboratory vs. field studies, (5) multivariate analysis; and (6) selected references.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Summary Report: Workshop on Vehicle Ride Quality; p 144-156
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  • 20
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    Ride control techniques (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The state-of-the-art in ride quality control techniques for all the primary modes of transportation and the needs for the future are summarized.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Summary Report: Workshop on Vehicle Ride Quality; p 73-143
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  • 21
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    Ride quality research techniques: Section on scaling techniques (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Scaling techniques appropriate for the measurement of ride quality subjective responses are evaluated. The major focal points of interest are summarized in succeeding paragraphs as follow: (1) scope of scaling, (2) goal of scaling, (3) category scales; including polarity, scalar points, and whether the scale is discrete or continuous in nature, (4) need and use of adjectives and/or adverbs, (5) role and use of magnitude estimation, (6) multiple response measures; and (7) related topics.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Summary Report: Workshop on Vehicle Ride Quality; p 65-72
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  • 22
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    Needs of the transportation community: Present and near future (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The impact on the passenger of all aspects of the carrier vehicle physical environment that affect his acceptance of the ride was studied. While motion and vibration are recognized as prime factors affecting subjective reactions, ride quality includes other factors as well (e.g., noise, roominess, etc.) which also can be important. Variables (both subjective and objective) involved and of the interacting effects between variables are identified.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Summary Report: Workshop on Vehicle Ride Quality; p 20-37
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  • 23
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    Accomplishments in ride quality research: Present and near future (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Areas of research in the field of ride quality were categorized into generic subdivisions. The following generic areas were identified: single degree of freedom simulations, multiple degrees of freedom simulations, field simulations, field experiments, surveys/reviews, and modeling techniques. From this review a consensus was reached on the projection of needs for future research efforts, including a prioritization, as well as time and cost estimates of ride quality studies.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Summary Report: Workshop on Vehicle Ride Quality; p 1-19
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  • 24
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    The use of hybrid integrated circuit techniques in biotelemetry applications (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A review is presented of some features of hybrid integrated circuits that make their use advantageous in miniature biotelemetry applications. The various techniques for fabricating resistors, capacitors and interconnections by both thin film and thick film technology are discussed. The use of chip capacitors, resistors, and especially standard IC chips on substrates with fired-on interconnection patterns is emphasized. The review is designed primarily to acquaint biotelemetry users and designers with an overview of this fabrication technique so that they can better communicate their needs with an understanding of its limitations and advantages to facilities specializing in hybrid construction.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Biotelemetry; 4; 4, 19; 1977
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  • 25
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    In-vivo bone strain telemetry in monkeys /M. nemestrina/ (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A new method for collecting in-vivo bone strain data in monkeys has been developed and tested. The method includes a system which consists of a new design of implantable strain transducer and its companion telemetry package. The transducer fits into a hole drilled in a monkey tibia and is threaded for subsequent bone ingrowth. The transducers and telemetry package are biocompatible for over 503 days. The telemetry package uses Pulse Interval Ratio Modulation (PIRM) to transmit strain information to receiving equipment located outside the animal housing cage.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
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  • 26
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    A subcutaneous channeling probe for implanting long leads (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The channeling probe described in the present paper was designed to overcome surgical problems of the type that were encountered when a multichannel radio transmitter had to be implanted in a cow. The probe was made of a flexible but sufficiently stiff 9.5-mm-diam nylon rod, consisting of 46-cm sections for convenience in sterilization and surgical handling. Stainless steel sleaves reinforced the threaded connecting joints. At one end, arrowhead-shaped channeling heads could be attached to produce wide channels for large sensors. The other end was tapered for narrow channels. Postoperative problems were not encountered in the use of this probe in cows, sheep, and dogs.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Laboratory Animal Science; 27; Dec. 197
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  • 27
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    An electrode system for tetrapolar electrical impedance plethysmography of the finger (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A rigid band electrode system is described which facilitates location of the recording electrodes of a tetrapolar impedance plethysmograph used for measuring pulsations of blood in a finger segment. The electrodes can be relocated accurately, and the volume of the finger segment under study can be precisely defined. The new system ensures good electrical contact and minimizes movement artifacts in the plethysmograph trace by holding the finger segment in a firm position.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering; BME-24; July 197
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  • 28
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    Worth assessments of approach to landing (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The objective of worth assessment is to determine a descriptive model of how attributes of a set of objects are combined into preferences for the objects. The technique is described and is applied to the assessment of worth functions in approach to landing for general aviation and air carrier pilots.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
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  • 29
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    Doubly-curved variable-thickness isoparametric heterogeneous finite element (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: This paper describes an element streamlined for the analysis of doubly-curved, variable-thickness structural components and illustrates its effective application to vibration and static problems. The element is isoparametric, doubly-curved, thin-shell and triangular with variable thickness and accounts for anisotropic, inhomogeneous elastic material behavior. The element has six nodes (three corner and three mid-side) with five degrees-of-freedom (DOF) per node - three translations and two rotations. Quadratic isoparametric interpolation polynomials are used to express the element geometry and displacement variables in terms of corresponding nodal variables.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
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  • 30
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    A layout designer's data projection reticle (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The designer's projection reticle is a modified surplus weapons sighting device consisting of a 3.5 cm diameter, 8.9 focal length coated objective lens. It is placed 1.5 cm in front of a clear flat glass plate on which the aluminized reflective pattern has been deposited. Reflected light passes through the objective lens, off the front surface of the coating, and off the rear coated surface of the objective lens. Several reticle patterns have been designed and tested, and other patterns are in the planning stage. The device may be used for a variety of applications including determining the optimum locations on a cockpit panel for luminous warning indicators requiring rapid manual responses.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Human Factors; 19; Dec. 197
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  • 31
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    Hamilton's principle - Finite-element methods and flexible body dynamics (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A variational formulation is given for the equations of motion for an unconstrained elastic body, and Hamilton's principle is used to derive the equations of motion and deformation of the body. Finite-element approximations are developed for these dynamical equations with respect to a body axis system satisfying the mean axis conditions. The free-body influence matrix for the body then is developed in terms of the finite-element model parameters.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 15; Dec. 197
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  • 32
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    Strain gage calibration of a complex wing (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Modern complex structural arrangements have complicated the task of measuring flight loads with calibrated strain gages. This paper examines the use of a relatively simple structural model to characterize the load responses of strain gages located on various spars of a delta wing. Strains measured during a laboratory load calibration of a wing structure are compared with calculations obtained from a simplified NASA structural analysis (NASTRAN) model. Calculated and measured influence coefficient plots that show the shear, bending, and torsion characteristics of typical strain-gage bridges are presented. Typical influence coefficient plots are given for several load equations to illustrate the derivation of the equations from the component strain-gage bridges. A relatively simple structural model was found to be effective in predicting the general nature of strain distributions and influence coefficient plots. The analytical processes are shown to be useful in obtaining a good load calibration. The analytical processes cannot, however, be used in lieu of an actual load calibration of an aircraft wing.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Journal of Aircraft; 14; Dec. 197
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  • 33
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    Scaling a discrete structural model to match measured modal frequencies (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: The structure modification problem, where the computer model of a structure is to be upgraded on the basis of experimental measurements of normal mode frequencies, is approached by the modal energy concept. The modes for correlation with test data are selected on the basis of relative strain energy participation. The resulting procedure can be viewed as an extension of White's (1972) method. Its advantage lies in that both the number and choice of structural parameters to be varied in the modification are arbitrary.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: AIAA Journal; 15; Nov. 197
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  • 34
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    Mode I stress intensity factors for round compact specimens (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: Mode I stress intensity factors were computed for round compact specimens by the boundary collocation method. Results are presented for ratios At/R0 in the range 0.3 to 0.8, where At is the distance from the specimen center to the crack tip for a specimen of diameter 2R0.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Journal of Testing and Evaluation; 5; Nov. 197
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    Prediction of pilot opinion ratings using an optimal pilot model (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: A brief review of some of the more pertinent applications of analytical pilot models to the prediction of aircraft handling qualities is undertaken. The relative ease with which multiloop piloting tasks can be modeled via the optimal control formulation makes the use of optimal pilot models particularly attractive for handling qualities research. To this end, a rating hypothesis is introduced which relates the numerical pilot opinion rating assigned to a particular vehicle and task to the numerical value of the index of performance resulting from an optimal pilot modeling procedure as applied to that vehicle and task. This hypothesis is tested using data from piloted simulations and is shown to be reasonable. An example concerning a helicopter landing approach is introduced to outline the predictive capability of the rating hypothesis in multiaxis piloting tasks.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Human Factors; 19; Oct. 197
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  • 36
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    Analysis and testing of adhesive bonds (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2011-08-17
    Description: An adhesive fracture mechanics approach is described with reference to the identification and design of the best tests for evaluating a given adhesive, the definition of the most meaningful fundamental parameters by which adhesives might be characterized, and the application of these parameters to the design of joints and to the prediction of their performance. Topics include standard adhesive test techniques, the theory of adhesive fracture, and adhesive fracture energy tests. Analytical methods and computer techniques for adhesive bonding, chemical and physical aspects of adhesive fracture, and specific applications and aspects of adhesive fracture mechanics are discussed.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
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  • 37
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    Automated multi-level substructuring for Sperry's version of NASTRAN (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Automated multilevel substructuring was successfully implemented in the Sperry version of NASTRAN. The development was achieved with a minimum effort; only seven modules and fourteen new routines were added. Approximately forty subroutines were modified and four new user cards addeded to NASTRAN. Significant features of the new capability include: multilevel substructuring; up to 128 superelements; up to 456 boundary grid points per superelement; up to 9 user superelement files, each with multi-reel or disc option; and data storage for one or more superelements per user file.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 133-154
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  • 38
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    Structural model integrity (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Many of the practical aspects and problems of ensuring the integrity of a structural model are discussed, as well as the steps which have been taken in the NASTRAN system to assure that these checks can be routinely performed. Model integrity as used applies not only to the structural model but also to the loads applied to the model. Emphasis is also placed on the fact that when dealing with substructure analysis, all of the checking procedures discussed should be applied at the lowest level of substructure prior to any coupling.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 93-104
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  • 39
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    Finite element solutions of free surface flows (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A procedure is presented for using NASTRAN to determine the flow field about arbitrarily shaped bodies in the presence of a free surface. The fundamental unknown of the problem is the velocity potential which must satisfy Laplace's equation in the fluid region. Boundary conditions on the free surface may involve second order derivatives in space and time. In cases involving infinite domains either a tractable radiation condition is applied at a truncated boundary or a series expansion is used and matched to the local finite elements. Solutions are presented for harmonic, transient, and steady state problems and compared to either exact solutions or other numerical solutions.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 27-52
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  • 40
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    Influences of joystick spring resistance on the execution of simple and complex positioning movements (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: To provide good proprioceptive feedback in a manual control device for a designation task, spring resistance of a joystick was optimized by adjustment of centering force and deflection nonlinearly with each other by using the psychophysical method of cross modality matching. Designation with zero and first order systems showed that the coarse adjustment was insensitive to stick and certain task parameters, although it was influenced by some biomechanical parameters and the anticipated demands of the final control positioning. Only the more difficult fine adjustment is sensitive to parameter alterations and therefore suitable for optimization attempts. The strong centering of the stick by a nonlinear degressive spring resistance facilitates fine adjustment. Through this, total adjustment time with the first order system is reduced by more than thirty percent, compared to a linear resistance. Tracking experiments affirm the usefulness and preference of nonlinear spring resistance.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 447-451
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  • 41
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    Prosthetic EMG control enhancement through the application of man-machine principles (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: An area in medicine that appears suitable to man-machine principles is rehabilitation research, particularly when the motor aspects of the body are involved. If one considers the limb, whether functional or not, as the machine, the brain as the controller and the neuromuscular system as the man-machine interface, the human body is reduced to a man-machine system that can benefit from the principles behind such systems. The area of rehabilitation that this paper deals with is that of an arm amputee and his prosthetic device. Reducing this area to its man-machine basics, the problem becomes one of attaining natural multiaxis prosthetic control using Electromyographic activity (EMG) as the means of communication between man and prothesis. In order to use EMG as the communication channel it must be amplified and processed to yield a high information signal suitable for control. The most common processing scheme employed is termed Mean Value Processing. This technique for extracting the useful EMG signal consists of a differential to single ended conversion to the surface activity followed by a rectification and smoothing.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 258-265
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  • 42
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    The development of a six degree-of-constraint robot performance evaluation test (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A remote manipulator performance evaluation test was developed to test certain tool mating configurations not possible with the standard peg-in-hole type of test. The test attempted to evaluate robot manipulator performance over a full range of six degrees of freedom of motion between a tool and its intended receptacle. The test consists primarily of four different tool geometries and three different receptacle geometries which provide for a progressive reduction in the degrees of freedom of motion, and a progressive increase in the degrees of constraint (DOC) over motion, between the tool and the receptacle. The manipulation times of actual tools and couplings would be predicted by the times for the test tool most like it geometrically. In addition, the influence of four different transmission delays was tested. The results indicate that tool manipulation time can vary by a factor of about four depending on the degrees of constraint over final tool positioning.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 289-292
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  • 43
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    Multi-axis hand controller for the shuttle remote manipulator system (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The Shuttle Remote Manipulator System, has a articulated arm of 50 ft. length with six motor-driven joints. The basic purpose is to establish physical contact with various space hardware items and maneuver these to the desired position and attitude with respect to the Orbiter, nulling out relative velocities and stabilizing the free-body system by managing residual energies. The normal operating mode is resolved-motion end-point rate control by man-in-loop command. The translational freedoms are defined so that the End Effector (EEFTR) of the arm will move in planes parallel to the principal translational planes of the Orbiter, at a rate commanded by the displacement of the Translation Hand Controller in the corresponding freedom and direction. The rotational freedoms are rate-controlled by the Rotation Hand Controller about pivot axes parallel to Orbiter roll, pitch and yaw, originating at the EEFTR reference point.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 285-288
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  • 44
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    Modelling the human operator of slowly responding systems using linear models (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Control of slowly responding systems, such as, helmsman steering a large ship, is examined. It is shown that the describing function techniques are useful in analyzing the control behavior of the helmsman. Models are developed to describe the helmsman's control behavior. It is shown that the cross over model is applicable to the analysis of control of slowly responding systems.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 172-178
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  • 45
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    Driver steering dynamics measured in car simulator under a range of visibility and roadmaking conditions (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A simulation experiment was conducted to determine the effect of reduced visibility on driver lateral (steering) control. The simulator included a real car cab and a single lane road image projected on a screen six feet in front of the driver. Simulated equations of motion controlled apparent car lane position in response to driver steering actions, wind gusts, and road curvature. Six drivers experienced a range of visibility conditions at various speeds with assorted roadmaking configurations (mark and gap lengths). Driver describing functions were measured and detailed parametric model fits were determined. A pursuit model employing a road curvature feedforward was very effective in explaining driver behavior in following randomly curving roads. Sampled-data concepts were also effective in explaining the combined effects of reduced visibility and intermittent road markings on the driver's dynamic time delay. The results indicate the relative importance of various perceptual variables as the visual input to the driver's steering control process is changed.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 180-196
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  • 46
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    A model of the human supervisor (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A general model of the human supervisor's behavior is given. Submechanisms of the model include: the observer/reconstructor; decision-making; and controller. A set of hypothesis is postulated for the relations between the task variables and the parameters of the different submechanisms of the model. Verification of the model hypotheses is considered using variations in the task variables. An approach is suggested for the identification of the model parameters which makes use of a multidimensional error criterion. Each of the elements of this multidimensional criterion corresponds to a certain aspect of the supervisor's behavior, and is directly related to a particular part of the model and its parameters. This approach offers good possibilities for an efficient parameter adjustment procedure.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 210-216
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  • 47
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    A control theoretic model of driver steering behavior (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A quantitative description of driver steering behavior such as a mathematical model is presented. The steering task is divided into two levels: (1) the guidance level involving the perception of the instantaneous and future course of the forcing function provided by the forward view of the road, and the response to it in an anticipatory open-loop control mode; (2) the stabilization level whereby any occuring deviations from the forcing function are compensated for in a closed-loop control mode. This concept of the duality of the driver's steering activity led to a newly developed two-level model of driver steering behavior. Its parameters are identified on the basis of data measured in driving simulator experiments. The parameter estimates of both levels of the model show significant dependence on the experimental situation which can be characterized by variables such as vehicle speed and desired path curvature.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 165-171
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  • 48
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    The facilitating effects of uncertainty in long-term manual control (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A 40-minute tracking task with different disturbance inputs was used to look for the effects of reduced task demands on long term manual control. The expected facilitating effects of task difficulty are hard to find. The decrements in performance over the run are no greater for the easier tasks. The detrimental effects of lower demand appear to be increased relative variability in performance, and possibly reduced performance on transition to unexpected, more difficult tasks. An information measure, including the effects of 'self-induced' uncertainty is developed as a work-load measure. There is a positive correlation between this 'self-induced work-load' and performance decrement for the easiest task, just the opposite of what the facilitation hypothesis would predict.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 101-117
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  • 49
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    An approach to the multi-axis problem in manual control (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The multiaxis control problem is addressed within the context of the optimal pilot model. The problem is developed to provide efficient adaptation of the optimal pilot model to complex aircraft systems and real world, multiaxis tasks. This is accomplished by establishing separability of the longitudinal and lateral control problems subject to the constraints of multiaxis attention and control allocation. Control solution adaptation to the constrained single axis attention allocations is provided by an optimal control frequency response algorithm. An algorithm is developed to solve the multiaxis control problem. The algorithm is then applied to an attitude hold task for a bare airframe fighter aircraft case with interesting multiaxis properties.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 58-71
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  • 50
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    Parameter estimation in a human operator describing function model for a two-dimensional tracking task (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A previously described parameter estimation program was applied to a number of control tasks, each involving a human operator model consisting of more than one describing function. One of these experiments is treated in more detail. It consisted of a two dimensional tracking task with identical controlled elements. The tracking errors were presented on one display as two vertically moving horizontal lines. Each loop had its own manipulator. The two forcing functions were mutually independent and consisted each of 9 sine waves. A human operator model was chosen consisting of 4 describing functions, thus taking into account possible linear cross couplings. From the Fourier coefficients of the relevant signals the model parameters were estimated after alignment, averaging over a number of runs and decoupling. The results show that for the elements in the main loops the crossover model applies. A weak linear cross coupling existed with the same dynamics as the elements in the main loops but with a negative sign.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 49-57
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  • 51
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    A quasi-linear control theory analysis of timesharing skills (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Performance with practice on two dual-task combinations, dual-axis tracking and two discrete information processing tasks, is examined in an effort to identify the presence and development of specific time sharing skills, such as parallel information processing or rapid intertask switching. The generality of time sharing skills also is investigated by examining transfer of these skills between the two qualitatively different task combinations.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 35-43
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  • 52
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    A dual-loop model of the human controller (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A representative model of the human controller in single-axis compensatory tracking tasks that exhibits an internal feedback loop which is not evident in single-loop models now in common use is presented. This hypothetical inner-loop involves a neuromuscular command signal derived from the time rate of change of controlled element output which is due to control activity. It is not contended that the single-loop human controller models now in use are incorrect, but that they contain an implicit but important internal loop closure, which, if explicitly considered, can account for a good deal of the adaptive nature of the human controller in a systematic manner.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 44-48
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  • 53
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    The effects of deviate internal representations in the optimal model of the human operator (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Some of the issues and equations involved in predicting closed-loop man machine performance for situations in which the human operators' knowledge of the system and/or environment are imperfect are presented and discussed. Several examples to demonstrate some of the effects to be expected when such is the case are then given.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: MIT Proc., 13th Ann. Conf. on Manual Control; p 17-26
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    RINA: An interactive system for the rapid interpretation of NASTRAN results (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: RINA is a general post-processor system which performs data reduction, post processing and post analysis of NASTRAN results. RINA can be run in either batch or time-sharing mode. The system, which is an expansion of the NASDAT program, performs the following tasks: (1) scan of extreme values for displacements, forces, stresses and margins of safety, (2) computations of envelopes for displacements, forces, stresses and margins of safety, (3) computations of allowables and margins of safety; and (4) generation of NASTRAN tables needed for reanalysis computations. Usage of all these options provides the analyst with an efficient tool for the study and interpretation of NASTRAN analysis results and their presentation for project documentation.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 341-355
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  • 55
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    Software for transferring NASTRAN datablocks between dissimilar computers (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Efforts to freely exchange all types of NASTRAN datablocks between the internalized forms in any of three makes of NASTRAN-class computers and that of any other such make are described. The medium used is magnetic tape formatted in BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) character and numerical fields. The method used involves a FORTRAN-coded post-processor and a pre-processor, mostly portable but with a small assembly-coded component peculiar to each make of machine. Snags in a method reported in an earlier NASTRAN colloquium have been overcome and functional requirements upgraded as well.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 357-368
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  • 56
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    A stand-alone interactive graphics finite element modeling system (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The finite element modeling (FEM) system described here is an interactive graphics system designed for use with an intelligent terminal. It offers an economical alternative to the conventional methods (hand compilation and remote terminals) of 2 and 3-dimensional model generation. Using local computing and local storage, this FEM system allows the operator to create and display 3-dimensional models entirely off-line from the host computer. This eliminates costly on-line computer and host-processing time, and makes the user more effective by greatly reducing computer response time. The system allows model generation by down-loading node and element data from the host computer or by using the system's model generation operations for digitizing and automatic creation. The system then generates completed model information in the desired analysis package's bulk data format and transmits it to the host computer for finite element analysis.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 327-340
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    Application of symbolic/numeric matrix solution techniques to the NASTRAN program (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The matrix solving algorithm of any finite element algorithm is extremely important since solution of the matrix equations requires a large amount of elapse time due to null calculations and excessive input/output operations. An alternate method of solving the matrix equations is presented. A symbolic processing step followed by numeric solution yields the solution very rapidly and is especially useful for nonlinear problems.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 193-198
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    New large deflection analysis for NASTRAN (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A large deflection analysis was developed for NASTRAN level 16 as an alternative to Rigid Format 4. A progress report is presented for a long term, general nonlinear analysis NASTRAN project, which contains (1) the theory of the structural analysis and numerical analysis methods presently used, and (2) some simple test problems comparing the new analysis with Rigid Format 4.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 235-255
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    Study of the NASTRAN input/output systems (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The basic characteristics of the NASTRAN level 16 I/O subsystem are presented with particular reference to blocking/deblocking aspects, I/O methods used on the IBM, CDC, and UNIVAC machines, definition of basic NASTRAN I/O control tables, and portability of parts of the I/O subsystem to other programs outside the NASTRAN environment are included. An explanation of the IBM primary, secondary, and tertiary files defined by the data definition (DD) cards in the NASTRAN JCL procedure. The explanation is intended to enlighten users as to the purpose of these DD cards, how they relate to one another, and why there are no similar type definition cards required on the CDC and UNIVAC versions. Enhancements designed to increase overall efficiency and decrease core requirements are also recommended.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 75-91
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    NORCK: A NASTRAN module to check input data and element geometry (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: NORCK, a direct matrix abstraction module, was written which allows the user the ability to define error limits for finite element geometry and properties within the solution flow, and to find these errors before the more expensive parts of the analysis are run.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 65-74
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    NASTRAN: Status, plans, and performance (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Plans for NASTRAN, a program developed and improved over the past 13 years, were outlined in reference to a new capability of level 17. The target release date is given as December 1977 and domestic release will be through COSMIC. As an example of the improved efficiency of NASTRAN level 16, a table of CPU run time comparisons is shown.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; ix-xviii
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  • 62
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    Successful trnasfer of adaptation environments in navy flight training (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-02
    Description: Two flight students, grounded for the reason they were highly susceptible to motion sickness, completed their training after gradually adapting 10 rpm, achieved by executing head movements during small stepwise increases in angular velocity. Subject 1 executed a total of about 77,000 head movements within a period of five months and Subject 2 executed about 108,000 head movements within a period of 42 days. The transfer of the adaptation acquired in the laboratory to most motion environments aloft was good; the notable exception involved weightless maneuvers in the case of Subject 1. Both were on flight status when contacted recently. The current motion sickness susceptibility in Subject 1 in the fall of 1975 was assessed. He reached a (mild) motion sickness endpoint, in the rotating room, at 17 rpm; the average endpoint is 7 to 8 rpm. Some practical and theoretical implications are discussed.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: AGARD Recent Advances in Space Medicine; 5 p
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    Robots and Manipulator Systems. Part 2 (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-03-30
    Description: This book represents a conference on robots and manipulator systems. Topics discussed include: mathematical modeling systems integrators, the use of TV monitors for remote operation of machinery on earth and in space, an evaluation of various control modes, remotely piloted aircraft, undersea operations, and prosthetic devices for the physically handicapped.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Mechanism and Machine Theory (ISSN 0094-114X); 12; 5
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  • 64
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    Stress analysis of pressure vessel assembly (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A radome assembly capable of withstanding large hydrostatic pressures was designed with a sapphire hemisperical dome and a plastic housing. These two parts were connected with a stainless steel flange ring. A finite-element stress analysis of this assembly was accomplished and an experimental load test was performed to verify the predicted stresses.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 405-417
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    NASTRAN finite element idealization study (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The investigation of the effects of variations of mesh refinement and mesh pattern were conducted using a basic rectangular mesh pattern. When employing the constant strain TRMEM element, the basic rectangular pattern was subdivided into triangles. This subdivision employs two different triangular patterns and allows results to be obtained which demonstrate the effect of modelling bias. Errors in tip deflection, direct stress, and shearing stress as a function of mesh size and element aspect ratio were obtained as well as mid-span stress distributions. All problems were solved on an IBM 360/95 computer using MacNeal-Schwendler Version MSC-38 Rigid Format-1 of the NASTRAN computer program. While NASTRAN uses double precision arithmetic for the solution of the global equations for displacements, subsequent computations to obtain element stresses are carried out in single precision. This suggests that some improvement in stress recovery might be expected when using the higher precision DCD machines.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 383-403
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    Application of the TRPLT1 element to large amplitude free vibrations of plates (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A finite element formulation is developed for analyzing large amplitude free flexural vibrations of thin plates in NASTRAN. Stress distributions in the plate, in addition to deflection shapes and nonlinear frequencies are determined. Linearized equations of motion governing large amplitude oscillations of plates and a linearized geometrical stiffness matrix are presented. The solution procedure and convergence characteristics are discussed. The quasi-linear geometrical stiffness matrix for an eighteen degree-of-freedom higher order triangular plate element is evaluated by using a seven-point numerical integration. Nonlinear frequencies for square, rectangular, rhombic, and isosceles triangular plates, with edges simply supported or clamped, are compared with earlier solutions. The present formulation is found to give results entirely adequate for engineering purposes.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 275-298
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    A NASTRAN DMAP alter for the coupling of modal and physical coordinate substructures (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A method is described to derive a generalized coordinate model consisting of flexible cantilever modes and rigid body modes from a physical coordinate model using a direct matrix abstraction procedure alter to rigid format 3. This model can readily be coupled to other substructures using modal synthesis techniques. It allows the use of a reduced size model for structural analyses while maintaining the capability of recovering the accelerations, forces, stresses, etc., from the original, large, complex model. This output recovery is accomplished with the use of a loads transformation matrix which relates the output parameters to the modal coordinate accelerations. In addition, a method is described to synthesize structural models consisting of hybrid coordinates for use in dynamic response analyses where one structure is described using physical coordinates and the other using generalized modal coordinates.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 119-130
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  • 68
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    Addition of rigid elements to NASTRAN (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Four rigid elements, namely, a rigid rod element (CRIGDR) and three rigid body elements (CRIGD1, GRIGD2 and CRIGD3), have recently been added to NASTRAN and will be available in the next public release of the program. The theoretical formulation, the bulk data information and the programming details pertaining and realistic problems are illustrated by employing them in the solution of two helicopter structural analysis problems.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 449-468
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    A condensed form of NASTRAN (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The Interactive Graphics Finite Element System, IGFES, is described along with its supporting analysis software, graphics terminal support package and hardware configurations. IGFES provides an interactive design tool for structural engineers via pre- and postprocessing of finite element data. The system currently runs on an IBM 360/44 OS-MFT system or a PDP 11/40 DOS/BATCH system. Graphics devices are supported using an inhouse developed, device independent terminal support package. Support is available for the Calcomp 563 drum plotter, Tektronix 4002A storage display terminal and the Lundy Electronics 20 inch standalone refresh display system. IGFES and its associated systems are written in FORTRAN IV.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 299-325
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  • 70
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    A direct matrix abstraction procedure for a static solution during a phase 1 substructuring analysis (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A directed matrix abstraction procedure is described which allows a static solution to be obtained in phase 1 of a three phase NASTRAN substructuring analysis while at the same time storing all information needed to complete the substructuring analysis.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 105-117
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    Analysis of magnetic fields using variational principles and CELAS2 elements (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: Prospective techniques for analyzing magnetic fields using NASTRAN are reviewed. A variational principle utilizing a vector potential function is presented which has as its Euler equations, the required field equations and boundary conditions for static magnetic fields including current sources. The need for an addition to this variational principle of a constraint condition is discussed. Some results using the Lagrange multiplier method to apply the constraint and CELAS2 elements to simulate the matrices are given. Practical considerations of using large numbers of CELAS2 elements are discussed.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 175-192
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    A review of research on aeronautical fatigue in the United States, 1975 - 1977 (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-03-09
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: Lab. fuer Betriebsfestigkeit Minutes of the Fifteenth Conf. of the Intern. Comm. on Aeronautical Fatigue (ICAF) 80p (SEE N84-73852 14-39)
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  • 73
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    Development of an automated multi-stage modal synthesis system for NASTRAN (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A mode synthesis development to be scheduled in the NASTRAN multi-level substructuring system for general dynamics applications is described. The method combines the better features of several state of the art mode synthesis techniques, yet is general enough to provide for any arbitrary combination of boundary degrees of freedom and normal mode boundary conditions. Normal modes or complex eigenvectors may be used in the definition of a structure component which may be combined with other components of any type. Combination structures fabricated from component modes may be processed as normal substructures, including further multi-stage mode synthesis reductions. Included are discussions of the user control of the system and advantages in actual application.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 435-448
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  • 74
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    An automated data generator for NASTRAN (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A modeling system based on construction-in-context of geometry and physical properties data is adapted for NASTRAN finite element data generation. This system was originally developed for generating three-dimensional finite data for composite structures in PATCHES-III using parametric cubic models. These finite line, surface and volume models constructed using simple data directives will be subdivided into NASTRAN finite elements and their supporting data in the new data generator. Any geometry can be constructed as illustrated by a compressor fan blade with camber, twist and changing airfoil section and the shape then subdivided using a uniform or non-uniform mesh. Special emphasis is given to the adaption of construction-in-context to composite material property modeling. A PMAT series of directives is described for any one, two or three-dimensionally reinforced composite that allows the phase properties, as well as composite properties, to be generated.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 419-434
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    Singular plastic element: NASTRAN implementation and application (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The elastic and plastic singularities near a crack tip are obtained from higher order isoparametric elements. This is simply accomplished by collapsing the quadrilateral element into the triangular element and by judicious choice of adjacent mid-side nodes. Specifically for the cubic element the elastic singularity is obtained by placing the mid-side nodes adjacent to the crack tip at 1/9th and 4/9th locations. The plastic singularity is constructed using the sliding node concept. These elements have been implemented in NASTRAN as user dummy elements.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 257-273
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  • 76
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    Alternate approaches to vibration and shock analysis using NASTRAN (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: A method that derives an approximate equivalent static load to a base excitation shock analysis is described. The transient analysis in the current level of NASTRAN, level 16, does not directly provide for either input acceleration forcing functions or enforced boundary displacement. In the suggested alternate analysis format, equivalent force input functions are applied to the constrained locations by using the artifice of placing a large mass, with respect to the total system mass, at the desired acceleration input points. This shortcut static analysis approach is presented to approximate the expensive and time consuming dynamics analysis approach to the base excitation shock analysis.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 199-212
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  • 77
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    Unexpected dividends from level 16 automated substructuring (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The automated multistage substructuring capability now available in NASTRAN level 16 is shown to provide a number of unexpected tools for use in both project planning and the structural design cycle. The payoffs in terms of improved design, more reliable results, and confidence are extra benefits added to the savings in cost and schedule that can be realized. To realize these advantages, some old stereotypical assumptions of what substructuring entails are must be challenged.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 155-160
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  • 78
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    Modifying the NASTRAN system with a new capability (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The need for a new capability/maintenance interface specification for the NASTRAN system was discussed. Those problems are highlighted which are most difficult to resolve when a new capability is delivered for inclusion into an archive level. The guidelines presented show the objectives of new capability integration as they relate to design and development, delivery, checkout, and documentation. Examples of new capability/maintenance interface already done on an informal basis are presented to illustrate the 'test conditions' of the idea of defining implementation objectives.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 53-64
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  • 79
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    Substructure coupling: A different approach (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The substructure analysis of the Lockheed L-1011 Dash 500 long range derivative without use of the NASTRAN level 16 multistage substructuring capability is described. It is presented as an example of how a large structural analysis can be organized into manageable independent tasks and how preprocessors, model definition conventions, and data management programs can be used to simplify the data management and model documentation. A procedure is described to analyze a single substructure by modifying the static solution to solve the interface compatibility equations simultaneously with the substructure solution.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 161-173
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  • 80
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    A 3-D hydroelastic analysis in NASTRAN with general fluid and structure geometry (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The implementation of a general three dimensional hydroelastic mode analysis capability in NASTRAN is presented. Finite elements with polyhedral shapes define the fluid; existing NASTRAN plate elements define the fluid/structure interface. Efficient solution methods were implemented to allow a separate structural matrix reduction and to allow connection of the fluid mass directly to a small set of grid points or modal coordinates representing the structure. Test case results for the various solution options are presented.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA, Washington 6th NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloq.; p 3-23
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  • 81
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    Outer planet probe engineering model structural tests (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A series of proof of concept structural tests was performed on an engineering model of the Outer Planets Atmospheric Entry Probe. The tests consisted of pyrotechnic shock, dynamic and static loadings. The tests partially verified the structural concept.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-CR-152036
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  • 82
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    Thermal Control and Life Support Subsystems (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-160347
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  • 83
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    A method for the direct identification of vibration parameters from the free response (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: The Shock and Vibration Inform. Ctr. Shock and Vibration Bull. Part. 4: Sep. 1977; p 183-198
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  • 84
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    Skylab water balance error analysis (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Estimates of the precision of the net water balance were obtained for the entire Skylab preflight and inflight phases as well as for the first two weeks of flight. Quantitative estimates of both total sampling errors and instrumentation errors were obtained. It was shown that measurement error is minimal in comparison to biological variability and little can be gained from improvement in analytical accuracy. In addition, a propagation of error analysis demonstrated that total water balance error could be accounted for almost entirely by the errors associated with body mass changes. Errors due to interaction between terms in the water balance equation (covariances) represented less than 10% of the total error. Overall, the analysis provides evidence that daily measurements of body water changes obtained from the indirect balance technique are reasonable, precise, and relaible. The method is not biased toward net retention or loss.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-160403 , TIR-782-LSP-7006
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  • 85
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    Analysis of metabolic energy utilization in the Skylab astronauts (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Skylab biomedical data regarding man's metabolic processes for extended periods of weightlessness is presented. The data was used in an integrated metabolic balance analysis which included analysis of Skylab water balance, electrolyte balance, evaporative water loss, and body composition. A theoretical analysis of energy utilization in man is presented. The results of the analysis are presented in tabular and graphic format.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-160402 , TIR-741-MED-7018
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  • 86
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    Display analysis with the optimal control model of the human operator (1977)
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Application of the optimal control model of the human operator to problems in display analysis is discussed. Those aspects of the model pertaining to the operator-display interface and to operator information processing are reviewed and discussed. The techniques are then applied to the analysis of advanced display/control systems for a Terminal Configured Vehicle. Model results are compared with those obtained in a large, fixed-base simulation.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: Human Factors; 19; Oct. 197
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  • 87
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    Stress analysis and stress-intensity factors for finite geometry solids containing rectangular surface cracks (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The line method of analysis is applied to the Navier-Cauchy equations of elastic equilibrium to calculate the displacement field in a finite geometry bar containing a variable depth rectangular surface crack under extensionally applied uniform loading. The application of this method to these equations leads to coupled sets of simultaneous ordinary differential equations whose solutions are obtained along sets of lines in a discretized region. Using the obtained displacement field, normal stresses, and the stress-intensity factor variation along the crack periphery are calculated for different crack depth to bar thickness ratios. Crack opening displacements and stress-intensity factors are also obtained for a through-thickness, center-cracked bar with variable thickness. The reported results show a considerable potential for using this method in calculating stress-intensity factors for commonly encountered surface crack geometries in finite solids
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: ASME PAPER 77-WA/APM-5
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  • 88
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    Development of a preprototype trace contaminant control system (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The steady state contaminant load model based on shuttle equipment and material test programs, and on the current space station studies was revised. An emergency upset contaminant load model based on anticipated emergency upsets that could occur in an operational space station was defined. Control methods for the contaminants generated by the emergency upsets were established by test. Preliminary designs of both steady state and emergency contaminant control systems for the space station application are presented.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-151632
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    Walking boot assembly (1977)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A walking boot assembly particularly suited for use with a positively pressurized spacesuit is presented. A bootie adapted to be secured to the foot of a wearer, an hermetically sealed boot for receiving the bootie having a walking sole, an inner sole, and an upper portion adapted to be attached to an ankle joint of a spacesuit, are also described.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
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  • 90
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    Elasto-plastic flow in cracked bodies using a new finite element model (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Cracked geometries were studied by finite element techniques with the aid of a new special element embedded at the crack tip. This model seeked to accurately represent the singular stresses and strains associated with the elasto-plastic flow process. The present model was not restricted to a material type and did not predetermine a singularity. Rather the singularity was treated as an unknown. For each step of the incremental process the nodal degrees of freedom and the unknown singularity were found through minimization of an energy-like functional. The singularity and nodal degrees of freedom were determined by means of an iterative process.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-CR-155522 , SM-77-11
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    TV fatigue crack monitoring system (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An apparatus is disclosed for monitoring the development and growth of fatigue cracks in a test specimen subjected to a pulsating tensile load. A plurality of television cameras photograph a test specimen which is illuminated at the point of maximum tensile stress. The television cameras have a modified vidicon tube which has an increased persistence time thereby eliminating flicker in the displayed images.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
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  • 92
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    Flight prototype CO2 and humidity control system (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A regenerable CO2 and humidity control system is presently being developed for potential use on the space shuttle as an alternative to the baseline lithium hydroxide system. The system utilizes a sorbent material (designated HS-C) to adsorb CO2 and water vapor from the cabin atmosphere and desorb the CO2 and water vapor overboard when exposed to a space vacuum. Continuous operation is achieved by utilizing two beds which are alternately cycled between adsorption and desorption. A shuttle vehicle integration study showed that the HS-C system offers substantial weight advantages compared to the baseline shuttle orbiter expendable lithium hydroxide CO2 removal system for extended missions beyond the nominal design of four men for seven days. This study defined a system packaging envelope in the area presently occupied by the LiOH cartridges.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-151591 , SVHSER-7182
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  • 93
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    Prototype Bosch CO2 reduction subsystem for the RLSE experiment (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Requirements for the Bosch carbon dioxide reduction subsystem were established in a study of regenerative life support evaluation experiments. A detailed design is presented including a schematic, components list and characteristics, requirements summaries, and complete definition of life systems' advanced control/monitor instrumentation applied to the Bosch subsystem. Design information needed to proceed with the final design and fabrication of a preprototype system is presented.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-150504 , LSI-ER-332-2
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  • 94
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    CW ultrasonic bolt tensioning monitor (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A CW ultrasonic device is described for measuring frequency shifts of the peak of a mechanical resonance in a body. One application of the device is measuring the strain in a bolt, and other applications such as measuring the thickness of a body, measuring the depth of a flaw in a body, measuring the elongation of a body, and measuring changes in velocity of sound in a body. The body is connected, by means of a CW transducer, to electrical circuit means including a narrow band RF amplifier to form a closed loop feedback marginal oscillator that frequency locks the device to the peak of a mechanical resonance in the body. When the frequency of this peak changes, because of a physical change in the body, the frequency of the oscillator changes. The device includes an automatic frequency resonant peak tracker that produces a voltage that is related to a change in frequency of the oscillator. This voltage is applied to the RF amplifier to change the center of its frequency band to include the frequency of the peak and is a measure of the frequency shift.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
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  • 95
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    Design of high pressure oxygen filter for extravehicular activity life support system. Volume 2: Test data (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: For abstract, see N78-14786.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-151572 , TR-415-VOL-2
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    Design of high pressure oxygen filter for extravehicular activity life support system, volume 1 (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The experience of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) with extravehicular activity life support emergency oxygen supply subsystems has shown a large number of problems associated with particulate contamination. These problems have resulted in failures of high pressure oxygen component sealing surfaces. A high pressure oxygen filter was designed which would (a) control the particulate contamination level in the oxygen system to a five-micron glass bead rating, ten-micron absolute condition (b) withstand the dynamic shock condition resulting from the sudden opening of 8000 psi oxygen system shutoff valve. Results of the following program tasks are reported: (1) contaminant source identification tests, (2) dynamic system tests, (3) high pressure oxygen filter concept evaluation, (4) design, (5) fabrication, (6) test, and (7) application demonstration.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-151571 , TR-415-VOL-1
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    Iodine generator for reclaimed water purification (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The system disclosed is for controlling the iodine level in a water supply in a spacecraft. It includes an iodine accumulator which stores crystalline iodine, an electrochemical valve to control the input of iodine to the drinking water and an iodine dispenser. A pump dispenses fluid through the iodine dispenser and an iodine sensor to a potable water tank storage. The iodine sensor electronically detects the iodine level in the water, and through electronic means, produces a correction current control. The correction current control operates the electro-chemical iodine valve to release iodine from the iodine accumulator into the iodine dispenser.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
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    Generalized environmental control and life support system computer program (G189A) configuration control, phase 2 (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The G189A simulation of the Shuttle Orbiter ECLSS was upgraded. All simulation library versions and simulation models were converted from the EXEC2 to the EXEC8 computer system and a new program, G189PL, was added to the combination master program library. The program permits the post-plotting of up to 100 frames of plot data over any time interval of a G189 simulation run. The overlay structure of the G189A simulations were restructured for the purpose of conserving computer core requirements and minimizing run time requirements.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-151567 , MDC-G7254
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 99
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    A survey of the status of and philosophies relating to cockpit warning systems (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A survey was taken to study current cockpit caution and warning (c/w) systems, and to examine industry philosophies regarding c/w system design including current efforts to improve them. Guidelines currently in use were outlined and those which appear to have general acceptance, those which are considered ineffective or erroneous, and those with which there is broad disagreement as to validity, were delineated. Major airplane manufacturerd were surveyed and a manufacturer dealing specifically with aircraft instrumentation was consulted.
    Keywords: MAN/SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY AND LIFE SUPPORT
    Type: NASA-CR-152071
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 100
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    Structural analysis of ultra-high speed aircraft structural components (1977)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The buckling characteristics of a hypersonic beaded skin panel were investigated under pure compression with boundary conditions similar to those found in a wing mounted condition. The primary phases of analysis reported include: (1) experimental testing of the panel to failure; (2) finite element structural analysis of the beaded panel with the computer program NASTRAN; and (3) summary of the semiclassical buckling equations for the beaded panel under purely compressive loads. A comparison of each of the analysis methods is also included.
    Keywords: STRUCTURAL MECHANICS
    Type: NASA-CR-155334
    Format: application/pdf
    Location Call Number Expected Availability
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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