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  • Articles  (2,297)
  • Oxford University Press  (2,297)
  • European Review of Agricultural Economics  (247)
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  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (2,297)
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  • Articles  (2,297)
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  • Oxford University Press  (2,297)
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  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (2,297)
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  • Economics  (2,297)
  • 1
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    Modelling an aggregate agricultural panel with application to US farm input demands (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-26
    Description: A recent class of factor demand models is discussed and used to analyse US state-level production data. The approach accommodates output risk, heterogeneous technologies, technological change, endogenous variables, aggregation across agents and more general flexible functional forms than previous models. We find the approach to flexibility found in the consumer literature empirically useful in the analysis of producer behaviour as our results suggest that standard flexible models that have been ubiquitous in agricultural and industrial research are strongly rejected here in favour of a more general and flexible specification. Further, there is substantial heterogeneity of conditional own-price elasticities across states.
    Keywords: C30 - General, D20 - General, D80 - General, Q10 - General
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 2
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    Simulating welfare effects of the European nutrition and health claims' regulation: the Italian yogurt market (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-26
    Description: With the enactment of Regulation (EC) No. 1924/2006, 20 December 2006, ‘ On nutrition and health claims made on foods ’ several health claims can no longer be used on food products in European markets. We simulate the overall impact of the regulation on consumers and producers using the Italian yogurt market as a case study, and data prior to the introduction of the policy. We quantify welfare losses incurred if accepted claims were false, and simulate scenarios where rejected truthful health claims are removed, considering also the case where the products carrying them exit the market. We find that consumers can incur large welfare losses if approved claims are untruthful; if truthful claims are instead denied both consumers and producers may incur losses, with consumers being penalised more than producers.
    Keywords: L66 - Food ; Beverages ; Cosmetics ; Tobacco ; Wine and Spirits, M38 - Government Policy and Regulation, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 3
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    Farmers' exposure to risk and their temporary water trading (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-06
    Description: In this article, the role of water markets in helping farmers manage the risk of water shortage is studied. Using farm survey data from Australia's southern Murray–Darling Basin, one of the most active water markets in the world, we tested the relationship between farmers' exposure to risk and their decisions to purchase and sell water allocations (temporary water) on the market. Farmers experiencing higher variability in profit and facing more downside risk purchased greater volumes of water allocations in general. Purchasing water allocations on the market is found to be a risk-reducing strategy, in particular for farmers in the horticultural sector. There is only very weak evidence to support the notion that selling water allocations is associated with reduced risk exposure.
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 4
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    Vertical price dependence structures: copula-based evidence from the beef supply chain in the USA (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-06
    Description: The objective of this paper is to assess the degree and the structure of price dependence along the beef supply chain in the USA. This is pursued using the statistical tool of copulas, and monthly rates of price changes over the period 2000–2013. The analysis considers two pairs of markets, namely the pair farm–wholesale and the pair wholesale–retail. It turned out that price co-movement for the pair farm–wholesale is relatively strong and it is described with the Gumbel–Clayton copula, while that for the pair wholesale–retail is rather weak and it is described by the Gumbel copula. The empirical findings point to the existence of price transmission asymmetry, which is much more important for the pair wholesale–retail.
    Keywords: C13 - Estimation, Q11 - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis ; Prices
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 5
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    Decentralised innovation systems and poverty reduction: experimental evidence from Central Africa (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-06
    Description: We use experimental data to investigate whether a decentralised approach to promoting innovation in central African agriculture outperforms conventional extension approaches. Our main result is that this decentralised approach, based on so-called innovation platforms, is effective in reducing poverty – more effective than conventional extension approaches. However, we also document considerable heterogeneity in terms of platform performance.
    Keywords: O30 - General, Q10 - General
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 6
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    The analysis of irreversibility, uncertainty and dynamic technical inefficiency on the investment decision in the Spanish olive sector (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: This study addresses irreversible investment decision-making in the context of uncertainty when allowing for inefficiency to be transmitted over time. Both irreversibility and persistence in technical inefficiency can lead to sluggish adjustment of quasi-fixed factors of production. The context of our application is the Spanish olive sector using farm-level data. We first estimate a dynamic stochastic frontier model to determine the long-run technical efficiency and its persistence. Then we address the decision to invest under uncertainty and irreversibility using a real option approach and include the technical inefficiency and its persistence in the simulation model to evaluate their impact in the investment decision. Technical efficiency in the dynamic model is 72.7 per cent, which is 5.5 per cent lower than the static framework suggests. We find that olive grove investment is irreversible. However, the level of persistence in technical inefficiency is fairly low, suggesting that efforts to mitigate price uncertainty can improve production returns to the Spanish olive sector.
    Keywords: D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 7
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    Tariffs and non-tariff frictions in the world wine trade (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: This article empirically investigates the impact of trade barriers on the world wine trade focusing on trade costs impeding exports, including transport, tariffs, technical barriers and sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards. A gravity model is estimated using data from the main importing and exporting countries for the years 1997–2010. The Poison pseudo-maximum likelihood estimator accounts for heteroskedasticity and the presence of zero trade flows. Our results identify which regulations can adversely affect trade providing useful information to policy-makers involved in negotiations on trade frictions. While SPS measures do not seem to obstruct exports, technical barriers have a varying impact on trade. A decreasing trend for tariffs has largely been compensated by more stringent technical barriers. The overall result is that frictions in the world wine trade have not changed during the past 15 years.
    Keywords: F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations, Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 8
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    Intellectual property in plant breeding: comparing different levels and forms of protection (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: Welfare trade-offs between intellectual property (IP) protections provided by patents and by plant variety protection (PVP) are explored. PVP breeders’ exemption weakens IP protection, but may speed the transfer of research gains across firms. A model is developed assuming firms optimise research given existing IP protection. A baseline scenario supporting each system is used to perform welfare analysis, and study how the balance is altered between systems. Survey data suggest patents are more appropriate for longer-term, higher-risk research, whereas PVP is better suited for traditional breeding. A scenario where patents and licensing co-exist dominates PVP in all commercially relevant areas.
    Keywords: O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives, O34 - Intellectual Property Rights, Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Agricultural Extension Services
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 9
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    Transgenic crops, production risk and agrobiodiversity (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: Do transgenic crops cause agrobiodiversity erosion? We hypothesise that they increase productivity and reduce production risk and may therefore reduce farmers' demand for on-farm varietal diversity, especially when only a few transgenic varieties are available. We also hypothesise that varietal diversity can be preserved when more transgenic varieties are supplied. These hypotheses are tested and confirmed with panel data for the case of transgenic cotton in India. Cotton varietal diversity in India, with over 90 per cent adoption of transgenic technology, is now at the same level than it was before the introduction of this technology. Some policy implications are discussed.
    Keywords: O44 Environment and Growth, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets, Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 10
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    Crop Yields and Global Food Security. Will Yield Increase Continue to Feed the World? (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 11
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    A comparison of hypothetical risk attitude elicitation instruments for explaining farmer crop insurance purchases (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: This article presents evidence on the stability and behavioural validity of alternative survey mechanisms for eliciting farmers' attitudes towards risk. Three hypothetical instruments are considered that differ in terms of the simplicity, context and payoff scale of the decision presented to respondents. Responses are assessed in terms of their relative ability to explain actual farmer crop insurance purchases. Results indicate that measures of risk attitudes are poorly correlated across alternative mechanisms. The strongest positive evidence of behavioural validity is found for the gamble task explicitly defined in the context and scale of farmers' economic activities pertaining to their insurance purchase decision.
    Keywords: D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 12
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    Production standards, competition and vertical relationship (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: This article investigates the collective choice of production standards by farmer and processor groups within a vertical food supply chain, taking into account their competition behaviours. We develop a general model to analyse the strategic motive of using standards to limit supply and shift rents between farmers and processors in the vertical chain. We find that a stringent standard can raise farmers' profit, but at the expense of processors. This is the case when the standard affects more variable costs than fixed cost of production, when the demand for the final product is inelastic, and when processors have a high degree of oligopoly power.
    Keywords: L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 13
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    Is there a term structure in land lease rates? (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: This article applies the concept of a term structure to agricultural land rental prices. Based on theoretical considerations, we develop a hedonic pricing model that allows for different shapes of the term structure curve while controlling for other price-relevant characteristics. We apply this model to land lease contracts in Saxony-Anhalt. We find an upward-sloping term structure during the agricultural price boom in 2007 and 2008, where market participants expected increasing rental prices. For the subsequent years, however, we detect a single-humped term structure. Hence, market participants revised their expectations and assumed a decline of land rental prices in the long term.
    Keywords: D44 - Auctions, E43 - Determination of Interest Rates ; Term Structure of Interest Rates, Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 14
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    Handbook of the International Political Economy of Agriculture and Food (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 15
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    Taxing animal-based foods for sustainability: environmental, nutritional and social perspectives in France (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-09
    Description: This article examines the impact of a consumption tax on environmentally unfriendly animal-based foods. It focuses on three dimensions: environmental emissions, diet quality and social equity. Using scanner data, we derive elasticities from an Exact Affine Stone Index demand system and simulate two scenarios, one including and one excluding nutritional concerns. Our results show that an environmental tax may reduce emissions (by –6.6 to –13.2 per cent based on the indicators) and improve diet quality (1.2 per cent) with a modest impact on the food-at-home budget (–4.0 per cent). This beneficial synergy between environmental and nutritional effects holds across income and age groups, with a small regressive impact.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 16
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    Consumers' welfare and off-season produce imports (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-09
    Description: In recent years, produce imports to the United States from the southern hemisphere made wintertime consumption common. Focusing on imports of fresh berries – strawberries, blueberries, blackberries and raspberries – this study asks what is the value to consumers of increasing the availability of berries in winter? The study adapts Hausman's new product introduction methods. The largest benefits were associated with initiating trade. Further increases suggest smaller benefits. Among the four berries, consumer benefits of initiating trade are largest for strawberries at $2.5 billion, over twice current expenditures. Further price reductions might generate further benefits of $520 million annually.
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 17
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    Nudging farmers to enrol land into agri-environmental schemes: the role of a collective bonus (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-09
    Description: This article shows that the introduction of a conditional collective bonus in an agri-environmental scheme (AES) can improve farmers' participation and increase land enrolment for lower overall budgetary costs. This monetary bonus is paid in addition to the usual AES payment if a given threshold is reached in terms of aggregate farmer participation. Using a choice experiment, we estimate the preferences of winegrowers in the South of France for such a bonus. We show that it contributes to increased expectations of farmers on others' participation, therefore shifting a pro-environmental social norm and favouring the adoption of less pesticide-intensive farming practices.
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 18
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    Balancing public goods in agriculture through safe minimum standards (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-09
    Description: We develop a general framework in which public goods are conflicting (complementary) if an increase in the provision of one public good raises (lowers) the marginal cost of providing another public good. The framework is used to analyse the policy implications of maintaining safe minimum standards (SMSs) for two public goods. The comparative-static results are illustrated using a sector model for Norwegian agriculture in which the SMSs for food security, agrobiodiversity and greenhouse gas emissions are modelled as constraints. The simulations show that even if public goods are conflicting, better-targeted policies can achieve SMSs at lower social costs.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 19
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    Farm household risk balancing: empirical evidence from Switzerland (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-09
    Description: Empirical evidence on household risk balancing behaviour is presented by estimating a fixed effects seemingly unrelated regression model using Swiss Farm Accountancy Data Network data. We find that in response to changes in expected business risks, Swiss farm households not only make strategic farm financial risk decisions (original risk balancing), but also make strategic off-farm decisions (household risk balancing) by altering their share of off-farm income and relative consumption. Small farms appear to make more use of household risk balancing strategies whereas large farms conversely make more use of the original risk balancing strategy.
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 20
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    Food Price Dynamics and Price Adjustment in the EU (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-09
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 21
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    Analysing farmland rental rates using Bayesian geoadditive quantile regression (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-09
    Description: Empirical studies on farmland rental rates so far have predominantly concentrated on modelling conditional means using spatial autoregressive models. While these models only focus on the central tendency of the response variable, quantile regression provides more detailed insight by modelling different points of the conditional distribution as a function of covariates. Based on data from the German agricultural census, this article contributes to the agricultural economics literature by modelling conditional quantiles of farmland rental rates semi-parametrically using Bayesian geoadditive quantile regression. Our results stress the importance of using semi-parametric regression models, as several covariates influence rental rates in an explicit non-linear way. Moreover, our analysis allows us to uncover potential heterogeneities of the estimated effects across the conditional distribution of rental rates. By explicitly modelling and visually presenting the spatial effects, we also provide additional insight into the spatial structure of German farmland rental rates.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 22
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    On the dynamics of food demand: a benefit function approach (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: Adequate food intake being necessary for good health and life suggests that food consumption has significant long-term effects on human welfare. This article develops an economic and econometric analysis of the dynamics of food demand. The model builds on duality and the benefit function. The research involves the specification and estimation of dynamic price-dependent demands as representations of marginal benefits. Applied to US aggregate data over the period 1948–2010, the analysis uncovers strong statistical evidence of demand dynamics, especially for food. We find that the negative effect of food consumption on the marginal benefit of food becomes much stronger in the long run. We also find that, while food and service are always complements, the strength of this complementarity relationship increases sharply in the longer run.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 23
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    Potential effects of the income stabilisation tool (IST) in Swiss agriculture (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: We extend the existing literature on the income stabilisation tool (IST) by investigating the influence of farm and farmers' characteristics on potential indemnification applying double-hurdle models on a rich panel data set on Swiss farms. We find more likely and higher indemnifications for part-time and low-income farmers. Thus, the IST might become a new transfer instrument hampering the structural change. Even though the estimated costs of the IST are low compared with the current direct payment level in Switzerland, both policy measures are partly substitutes with respect to income risk reductions implying more frequent and higher indemnification through the IST if direct payments are reduced.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 24
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    The income penalty of farming and fishing: results from a sibling approach (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: This study explores an apparently paradoxical finding in farming and fishing: low economic returns, but a high rate of occupational transmission across generations of farmers and fishers. Using a sibling model containing 11,924 children of Swedish farmers and fishers in 2012, we estimate that farmers' sons who became farmers received 28 per cent lower income than same-sex siblings with a career outside farming. For farmers' daughters and fishers' sons, the income gap was about 22 per cent relative to same-sex siblings. Our conclusion is that the decision to become a fisher or a farmer is largely determined by non-pecuniary factors.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 25
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    Understanding producers' motives for adopting sustainable practices: the role of expected rewards, risk perception and risk tolerance (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: Understanding the motives and risk attitudes of producers to engage in sustainable practices is important for policy-makers who wish to increase the likelihood of adoption and improve the design of incentives. This article examines the underlying motives of producers to adopt sustainable practices. We focus on expected economic, social and personal rewards and analyse the role of producers' financial risk perception and risk tolerance. Results from personal interviews with 164 hog producers show that the adoption of sustainable practices is affected by expected economic rewards but not by social and personal rewards. Further, while perceived risk is a barrier to the adoption of sustainable practices, risk tolerance is a positive moderator of the relationship between economic rewards and adoption. In addition, perceived tax benefits and turnover have a significant positive relationship with adoption, while education and age do not play a role.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 26
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    Multiperiod optimal hedging ratios: methodological aspects and application to a wheat market (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: This work deals with issues relating to multiperiod hedging ratios (MHRs). First, we derive an analytical formula for the MHR starting from the triangular representation of a cointegrated system. Second, using both overlapping and non-overlapping price changes, we investigate the properties of OLS MHR. Third, we resort to simulated data to investigate the performance of MHR estimators. Unlike previous studies, we do not use real data whose data generating process is unknown; instead we run a Monte Carlo exercise to investigate estimators and compare them with theoretical measures. Finally, we apply our approach to real data for a hedging related to soft wheat.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 27
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    How does space affect the allocation of the EU Rural Development Policy expenditure? A spatial econometric assessment (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
    Description: This article focuses on the main drivers of the distribution of the Rural Development Policy expenditure throughout the European Union (EU). Ex-post funds distribution across EU NUTS3 regions is considered. Three effects are considered as major drivers: a ‘country effect’; a ‘rural effect’ (i.e. the more rural a region the larger the amount of support); a ‘pure spatial effect’ (i.e. the influence of bordering regions and of their degree of rurality). These effects are estimated adopting alternative spatial model specifications: Spatial Durbin Model, Spatial Error Model, Spatial AutoRegressive Model and Spatial Lag of X Model. Results slightly differ across alternative specifications and definitions of rurality, but prevalent evidence suggests that rurality matters in a counterintuitive direction while also spatial spillovers play a role.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 28
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    Handbook of Water Economics (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-01
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 29
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    Under-contribution to generic advertising due to self-interested inequity aversion (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-26
    Description: We modify the behavioural postulate of self-centred inequity aversion to explain producers' reluctance to fund generic fruit and vegetable advertising as a result of experiencing negative utility when others benefit more from a public good than themselves, but positive utility when they earn more than others. We find that higher variability in returns decreases the probability of a favourable vote. Conversely, if information about payoffs is incomplete, if subjects are allowed to experience a trial run of a generic advertising programme, if returns are equal across producers, or if there is government support for the programme, the likelihood of approval rises.
    Keywords: H41 - Public Goods, M37 - Advertising, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    The distributional consequences of a fiscal food policy: evidence from the UK (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-26
    Description: The literature on fiscal food policies focuses on their effectiveness in altering diets and improving health, while this paper focuses on their welfare costs. A formal welfare economics framework is developed to calculate the combined individualistic and distributional impacts of a tax-subsidy. Distributional characteristics of foods targeted by a tax tend to be concentrated in lower-income households. Further, consumption of fruit and vegetables tends to be concentrated in higher-income households; therefore, a subsidy on such foods increases regressivity. Aggregate welfare changes that result from a fiscal food policy are found to range from an increase of 1.41 per cent to a reduction of 2.06 per cent according to whether a subsidy is included, the degree of inequality aversion, and whether substitution among foods is allowed.
    Keywords: D30 - General, D60 - General, H20 - General, I10 - General, I30 - General
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    The economics of planting rights in wine production (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-26
    Description: The European Union (EU) is the world's largest wine producer, as well as the world's most regulated wine market. In 2007, the EU decided on a major reform of its wine policy. A crucial element was the abolishment of a system of planting rights to limit the planting of vineyards. However, after intense lobbying by opponents of the liberalisation, this decision was reversed in 2013. Despite the importance of planting rights in European (and hence global) wine production, and despite the fierce debates surrounding the reforms, no model exists to study the effects of this policy. We develop the first theoretical model of planting rights, integrating the markets for land, planting rights and wine to analyse efficiency and distributional effects. We use the model to study the effects of differences among EU member states in restrictions on trade in planting rights, the role of government reserves and the impact of imperfect enforcement.
    Keywords: Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Cost pass-through in differentiated product markets: a disaggregated study for milk and butter (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-26
    Description: In food retailing a high degree of price dispersion between and within stores and brands is documented, but variations in the dynamics of prices and its causes have not been analysed in great detail. In this paper, we estimate and explain variations of individual cost pass-through processes for the German dairy market. Results for milk and butter indicate significant positive asymmetries in cost pass-through processes, which vary between brands and outlets. In particular, low-price private labels adjust prices faster than high-price national brands; but cost pass-through is slightly more (positive) asymmetrical for private labels than for national brands.
    Keywords: C32 - Time-Series Models, D21 - Firm Behavior, L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms, L81 - Retail and Wholesale Trade ; e-Commerce
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Handbook of Sustainable Development (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-26
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Benefits and costs of biodiversity in agricultural public policies (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-06
    Description: This paper examines the role played by biodiversity goals in the design of agricultural policies. A bio-economic model is developed with a dynamic and multi-scale perspective. It combines biodiversity dynamics, farming land-uses selected at the micro level and public policies at the macro level based on financial incentives for land-uses. The public decision-maker identifies optimal subsidies or taxes with respect to both biodiversity and budgetary constraints. These optimal policies are then analysed through their private, public and social costs. The model is calibrated and applied to metropolitan France at the small agricultural region scale, using common birds as biodiversity metrics. First results relying on optimality curves and private costs stress the bio-economic trade-off between biodiversity and economic scores. In contrast, the analysis of public costs suggests that accounting for biodiversity can generate a second benefit in terms of public budget. Social costs defined as the sum of private and public costs also show possible bio-economic synergies.
    Keywords: Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Optimal exploitation of a renewable resource with capital limitations: Nordic sheep farming with and without grazing externalities (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-06
    Description: A model of interaction between a renewable natural resource with capital limitations, as exemplified by the optimal investment problem of sheep farming in a Nordic context, is analysed. Both private and social optimality are considered; with the difference that a stock value related to the number of grazing animals is attached to the social management problem due to landscape preservation. The efficiency of alternative policy tools in terms of obtaining the socially optimal management scheme is discussed. The model builds on existing studies from the fisheries literature, but the important difference is that while capital is related to harvesting effort in the fisheries, capital contributes to production capacity to keep the animal stock during the winter in our farm model. The paper provides several results where both optimal steady states and the optimal approach paths are characterised analytically. The results are further supported by a numerical example.
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Quality and Risk Management in Agri-Food Chains (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-06
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Agricultural Product Prices (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-02-06
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Traceability, recalls, industry reputation and product safety (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-28
    Description: Sometimes, authorities are unable to rapidly identify the origin of a tainted product. In such cases, recalls or warnings often apply to all suppliers, even to those that had not contributed to the contamination. Traceability enables more targeted recalls by identifying the product's origin more specifically. In this article, we show how increased traceability protects the reputation of industries by limiting the size of recalls. We show the relationships between traceability and the level of food safety with many identical small farms in a competitive industry and for an industry using collective action to set rules and standards.
    Keywords: D21 - Firm Behavior, Q10 - General, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Product quality in the agri-food chain: do cooperatives offer high-quality wine? (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-12-28
    Description: We investigate the impact of decentralised decision-making on product quality. Comparing a cooperative and an investor-owned firm suggests that members of the cooperative have an incentive to produce too much and to free-ride on quality. Whether or not cooperatives deliver higher quality products depends on the way in which the quality of the final product is determined from the quality levels of the inputs delivered (quality aggregation) as well as the number of members of the cooperative. Empirical evidence on the Austrian wine market suggests that wines produced by cooperatives tend to be of significantly lower quality, ceteris paribus .
    Keywords: D22 - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis, D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Speculative bubbles in agricultural commodity markets (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: Numerous factors have been proposed in the literature as explaining the recent commodity price movements. In this paper we focus on one of the most widely discussed factors, the impact of speculative bubbles. We investigate whether commodity prices during the spike of 2007–2008 might have deviated from their intrinsic values based on market fundamentals. To do this, we use a bootstrap methodology to compute the finite sample distributions of recently proposed tests. Monte-Carlo simulations show that the bootstrap methodology works well, and allows us to identify explosive processes and collapsing bubbles for wheat, corn and rough rice. There was less evidence of exuberance in soya bean prices.
    Keywords: C12 - Hypothesis Testing, C15 - Simulation Methods, G14 - Information and Market Efficiency ; Event Studies, Q14 - Agricultural Finance
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Farmers' satisfaction and intention to continue membership in agricultural marketing co-operatives: neoclassical versus transaction cost considerations (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: The survival of agricultural marketing co-operatives depends on their capability of satisfying and maintaining their base of farmer members. Hypotheses regarding these two success factors are developed in neoclassical economics and transaction cost economics. They are tested with a survey of 321 members of marketing co-operatives specialising in fresh fruits and vegetables. Our results show support for both perspectives. Price paid to farmers is important for their satisfaction with the co-operative. Farmers' perceptions of transaction costs are even more important.
    Keywords: D22 - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis, D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights, P13 - Cooperative Enterprises, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Preference reversals in Contingent and Inferred valuation methods (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: We examine inconsistencies in preference orderings using the Contingent valuation (CV) and the Inferred valuation (IV) methods. We find that in the context of a food market we do not observe strong inconsistencies. Weak inconsistencies are observed for the IV method, indicating that IV is slightly more susceptible to inconsistent preference orderings than the CV method. We also find that the IV method generates higher valuations than CV in the case of consumers with high commitment costs (that is, low familiarity with the product) but successfully mitigates social desirability bias in the case of low commitment costs and high normative motivations.
    Keywords: C93 - Field Experiments, D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Local Agri-food Systems in a Global World: Market, Social and Environmental Challenges (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Combining discrete and continuous mixing distributions to identify niche markets for food (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: This paper explores the demand and willingness to pay (WTP) for value-added services to chicken. Since the demand for such services are likely to be highly segmented and often applies only to a market niche, models based on assumptions of homogeneity among consumers are likely to be inappropriate. For this reason, this paper combines discrete and continuous mixing distributions to concurrently identify the size of the niche market and the heterogeneity among consumers within the market niche. Failing to account for the niche market nature of value-added services is shown to have implications for predictions of WTP, demand and total revenue.
    Keywords: C25 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models, D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Farm Incomes, Wealth and Agricultural Policy: Filling the CAP's Core Information Gap (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Experimental auctions, collective induction and choice shift: willingness-to-pay for rice quality in Senegal (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: We propose a collective induction treatment as an aggregator of information and preferences, which enables testing whether consumer preferences for food quality elicited through experimental auctions are robust to aggregation. We develop a two-stage estimation method based on social judgement scheme theory to identify the determinants of social influence in collective induction. Our method is tested in a market experiment aiming to assess consumers' willingness-to-pay for rice quality in Senegal. No significant choice shift was observed after collective induction, which suggests that consumer preferences for rice quality are robust to aggregation. Almost three quarters of social influence captured by the model and the variables was explained by social status, market expertise and information.
    Keywords: C24 - Truncated and Censored Models, C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior, C92 - Laboratory, Group Behavior, D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis, D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations
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    Selection bias in a gravity model of agrifood trade (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: In the analysis of bilateral trade flows, reported trade of zero or missing observations is quite common and this is a problem when estimating log-linear gravity equations. This has caused many researchers to either ignore the zero trade flows or replace the zero with a small positive number. Both of these actions bias the resulting parameter estimates of the gravity equation. In this study, we correct for this misspecification by using the Heckman selection model to estimate bilateral trade flows for 46 agrifood products, for the period 1990–2000, for 52 countries. In our sample, selection bias rarely affects the signs of variables but often has a substantial effect on the magnitude, statistical significance and economic interpretation of the marginal effects. Hence, treating zero trade flows properly is important from both a statistical and an economics perspective.
    Keywords: F10 - General, F12 - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies, F19 - Other, Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade, R12 - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
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    Estimating risk preferences in the presence of bifurcated wealth dynamics: can we identify static risk aversion amidst dynamic risk responses? (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: Estimating risk preferences is tricky because controlling for confounding factors is difficult. Omitting or imperfectly controlling for these factors can attribute too much observable behaviour to risk aversion and bias estimated preferences. Agents often modify risky decisions in response to dynamic wealth or asset thresholds, where such thresholds exist. Ignoring this dynamic risk response introduces an attribution bias in static estimates of risk aversion. We demonstrate this pitfall using a simple model and a Monte Carlo simulation to explore the implications of this problem for empirical estimation. While an approach that jointly estimates risk preferences and wealth dynamics may remedy the problem by extracting dynamic risk responses from observed behaviour, it is likely to be challenging to implement in broader empirical settings for reasons we discuss.
    Keywords: D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty, D90 - General, O12 - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
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    Willingness to pay for environmental attributes of non-food agricultural products: a real choice experiment (2013)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: This paper investigates consumers'willingness to pay a price premium for two environmental attributes of a non-food agricultural product. We study individual preferences for roses associated with an eco-label and a carbon footprint, using an economic experiment combining discrete choice questions and real economic incentives involving real purchases of roses against cash. The data are analysed with a mixed logit model and reveal significant premiums for both environmental attributes of the product.
    Keywords: C90 - General, D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis, Q10 - General
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Decoupling of agricultural support payments: the impact on land market participation decisions (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-03
    Description: This paper analyses the impact of the recent decision by the European Union to ‘decouple’ agricultural support payments from agricultural production on Irish farmers' land market decisions. The land market participation decisions of Irish farmers are modelled using a dynamic probit model, while the extent of participation decisions is modelled using a dynamic tobit model. Decoupling does not appear to have significantly altered farmers' land market decisions. One likely explanation for this is the cross-compliance obligation for farmers to maintain land in a state fit for agricultural production in order to receive their full payments.
    Keywords: Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets, Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
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    Methods to Analyse Agricultural Commodity Price Volatility (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-08-03
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Dynamics of productivity and technical efficiency in Russian agriculture (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-08-03
    Description: This paper analyses regional productivity and technical efficiency development in Russian agriculture. We formulate a regional stochastic frontier model by assuming that producers maximise return to the outlay. We control for regional heterogeneity and endogeneity/simultaneity in input decisions, technical efficiency and technical change by employing a two-step estimation procedure. In the first step, we use the system Generalized Method of Moments approach (system GMM), which gives consistent estimates of the production technology parameters. In the second step, we apply the standard stochastic frontier approach to estimate technical efficiency and its determinants.
    Keywords: D24 - Production ; Cost ; Capital and Total Factor Productivity ; Capacity, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
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    Understanding the Common Agricultural Policy (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-08-03
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Analysis of choice inconsistencies in on-line choice experiments: impact on welfare measures (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-20
    Description: Individuals answering to choice experiments (CEs) are assumed to behave in concordance with standard utility theory. However, empirical evidence finds that these assumptions are frequently violated, impacting on willingness to pay (WTP) estimates. Because the cost attribute plays a key role in CEs used for environmental valuation, this study focuses on the impact of inconsistent choices with respect to cost on WTP, drawing on data from a survey aimed at valuing the environmental and social impacts of organic farming in mountainous olive orchards. An iterative process is used to identify inconsistent choices. Results provide sufficient evidence to suggest that inconsistencies can considerably bias WTP estimates. We propose that identifying and considering inconsistent choices enhances realism and accuracy of the conclusions drawn from CEs in environmental valuation.
    Keywords: Q50 - General
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    Component supply responses in dairy production (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-20
    Description: Under multiple component pricing schemes, the price of milk depends on its content of components such as fat, protein and lactose. A theoretical model of component supply under tradable quota regime is developed. A system of output supply and input demand equations is then derived and estimated for a panel of Icelandic dairy farms. Results show that milk component supply responds to price incentives in the short-run despite rigidities in component production technology. The own-price supply elasticities of fat and protein are 0.26 and 0.23 in the quota milk market and 0.02 and 0.25 in the surplus milk market, respectively.
    Keywords: D22 - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Can expert knowledge compensate for data scarcity in crop insurance pricing? (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-20
    Description: Although there is an increasing interest in area yield insurance in many developing countries, crop data scarcity hinders its implementation by imposing higher premiums. Expert knowledge has been considered a valuable information source to augment limited data in insurance pricing. This article investigates whether the use of expert knowledge can mitigate model risk arising from insufficient statistical data. We adopt a Bayesian framework that allows for the combination of scarce crop data, expert knowledge and weather information, to estimate the loss distribution. We find that expert knowledge reduces the parameter uncertainty and changes the insurance premium in the correct direction.
    Keywords: C14 - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods, Q19 - Other
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    Endogenous farm-type selection, endogenous irrigation, and spatial effects in Ricardian models of climate change (2016)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2016-02-20
    Description: In the estimation of Ricardian models the endogeneity of adaptation measures is typically ignored. In this article we propose a new estimation strategy that explicitly recognises the endogeneity of the farm type and irrigation to climate. Based on the latest census data on over 270,000 farms in Germany, we estimate a cross-sectional, spatial-IV model that decomposes the effects of climate on farm profitability into direct (unmediated) and indirect (mediated by the variables that reflect adaptation). Our results show that neglecting the endogenous nature of adaptation measures may substantially bias the magnitude of the total effect of climate on farm profitability.
    Keywords: C21 - Cross-Sectional Models ; Spatial Models ; Treatment Effect Models, C25 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models, C36- Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy, Q51 - Valuation of Environmental Effects, Q54 - Climate ; Natural Disasters ; Global Warming
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Bayesian estimation of non-stationary Markov models combining micro and macro data (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-20
    Description: We develop a Bayesian framework for estimating non-stationary Markov models in situations where macro population data are available only on the proportion of individuals residing in each state, but micro-level sample data are available on observed transitions between states. Posterior distributions on non-stationary transition probabilities (TPs) are derived combining micro and macrodata using potentially asynchronous data observations, providing a new method for inferring TPs that merges previously disparate approaches. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate how observed micro transitions can improve the precision of posterior information. We provide an empirical illustration in the context of farm structural change.
    Keywords: C11 - Bayesian Analysis, C81 - Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Somatic cell counts in dairy marketing: quantile regression for count data (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-20
    Description: We study the determinants of somatic cell count (SCC) for farm milk among US dairies. We synthesise much of the work that has been done to model SCC determinants in order to identify the potential impacts of buyer-imposed penalties and incentives within the supply chain. Additionally, we estimate quantile regression for count data to measure impacts specifically for those operations with the highest SCC and to account for the statistical properties of the data. Premiums in particular have the potential to reduce SCC considerably where it is currently the highest. We draw implications for profitability in relation to SCC reduction.
    Keywords: C25 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness, Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Agricultural Extension Services
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Governance and managerial effort in consumer-owned enterprises (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-31
    Description: This article develops a political economy model of the board–manager relationship in consumer-owned enterprises (COEs), illustrating how the governance structure plays a key role in determining managerial power. The key conclusion of the article is that managerial remuneration and the resources devoted to governance are strategic choices for the COE and that their determination involves a trade-off. This trade-off depends on factors external to the COE, such as the COE's time horizon (as captured in the discount rate) and the manager's opportunity cost outside the COE (e.g. the remuneration paid in investor-owned firms). The trade-off also is influenced by the degree of complementarity between remuneration and governance resources, and by the sensitivity of managerial utility to financial remuneration and to governance.
    Keywords: D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations, P13 - Cooperative Enterprises
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Producer heterogeneity and voting power in mandatory US agricultural marketing organisations (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-10-31
    Description: We consider how cost heterogeneity and market power affect voting power in producer referenda for mandatory agricultural marketing organisations with generic promotion programmes in the United States. We measure voting power using the Banzhaf Power Index and propose a new version of this index based on the profit-maximising theory of the firm that provides an improved estimate of voting power. Examining several types of demand shifts and voting rules, we find that both Banzhaf Power and our new measure vary considerably depending on the market structure and level of cost heterogeneity.
    Keywords: D71 - Social Choice ; Clubs ; Committees ; Associations, D72 - Models of Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Dairy farms without quotas in Belgium: estimation and simulation with a flexible cost function (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: This paper evaluates the farm-level supply and income effects from removing milk quotas and reducing producer prices with increasing direct compensatory payments. Using a panel of Belgian dairy farms, we first estimate a multi-output multi-input flexible cost function that generates a U-shaped marginal cost curve for each farm of the sample. We then embed each farm cost function in a profit-maximisation programming model that is built and calibrated for each farm in the sample. Accounting for farm heterogeneity, the simulations show how dairy farms without quotas may respond differently to changes in prices and structural changes that may take place within the dairy sector. A quota removal with a 20 per cent reduction in milk prices keeps aggregate milk supply and farm income at about the same level of the 2006 reference year.
    Keywords: C33 - Models with Panel Data, C63 - Computational Techniques, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    How has the EU milk quota affected patterns of herd-size change? (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: This paper analyses the impact of milk quotas on the size structure of dairy herds in two major EU milk-producing member states, Germany and the Netherlands, using Markov chain models. Four mobility indicators characterising structural change are developed and calculated. Structural change in the dairy sector as measured by the mobility measures is found to be affected by the milk quota scheme. In the quota period, mobility out of dairying is lower, but the overall and upward mobility increase. This effect is stronger in the Netherlands than in West Germany.
    Keywords: D92 - Intertemporal Firm Choice and Growth, Investment, or Financing, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Modelling pig sector dynamic adjustment to livestock epidemics with stochastic-duration trade disruptions (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: We use a stochastic dynamic programming model to simulate the market implications of alternative foot and mouth disease scenarios in the Finnish pig sector. The model considers the dynamics of animal stock adjustment and price movements when the duration of export disruptions is unknown. Explicit treatment of these issues is crucial in the economic analysis of livestock epidemics, especially if there is a risk of a prolonged export ban. Results suggest that the risk of a prolonged ban increases disease losses considerably. It also increases economic benefits from production adjustments.
    Keywords: C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Demand for on-farm permanent hired labour on family holdings: a rejoinder (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Is embedding entailed in consumer valuation of food safety characteristics? (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Consumers' preferences for food safety characteristics are investigated with a particular focus on the existence of an embedding effect. Embedding exists if consumer valuation of food safety is insensitive to scope. We conduct between-attribute external tests for embedding in two choice experiments concerning the value of food safety attributes in minced pork and chicken breasts. We find no evidence of embedding neither when using food safety attributes that are not close substitutes and which exhibit both private and public good characteristics, nor when using food safety attributes that are closer substitutes and which have primarily private good characteristics.
    Keywords: Q10 - General, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Agricultural policy in an uncertain world (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: This paper briefly reviews the current food situation and provides some historical perspectives on its evolution over time. It documents the important effects of agricultural productivity. It also evaluates the role of externalities, uncertainty and policy in the agricultural sector. The analysis stresses the joint role of uncertainty and externalities in the analysis of efficiency issues in the agricultural sector. Implications for farm management and agricultural policy are discussed.
    Keywords: D60 - General, D80 - General, Q10 - General
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Looking into the future of agriculture in a changing climate (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Looking into the future of agriculture raises three challenging questions: How can agriculture deal with an uncertain future? How do local vulnerabilities and global disparities respond to this uncertain future? How should we prioritise adaptation to overcome the resulting future risks? This paper analyses the broad question of how climate change science may provide some insights into these issues. The data provided for the analysis are the product of our new research on global impacts of climate change in agriculture. The questions are analysed across world regions to provide some thoughts on policy development.
    Keywords: N50 - General, International, or Comparative, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy, Q54 - Climate ; Natural Disasters ; Global Warming
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Intangible expenses: a solution to increase the French wine industry performance? (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: This paper presents an empirical investigation of the link between intangible expenses of French wine companies and their financial performance. A flexible moment-based approach is used to analyse the impact of tangible and intangible expenses on the mean, variance and skewness of profit. Econometric evidence shows that a high level of intangible expenses has a positive impact on performance by increasing the expected profit and reducing variance risk. A lower level of intangible expenses reduces risk and mean of profit of corporations. This study provides insights on the use of intangible expenses as a risk management tool.
    Keywords: G32 - Financing Policy ; Financial Risk and Risk Management ; Capital and Ownership Structure, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Price volatility in ethanol markets (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: This research evaluates price volatility transmission in the Brazilian ethanol industry over time and across markets by using a new methodological approach proposed by Seo. The main advantage of Seo's method is that it allows for joint estimation of the co-integration relationship between the price series investigated and the multivariate generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity process. It thus allows the responses of both food price levels and volatility to unanticipated shocks to be considered together. Results suggest a strong link between food and energy markets, both in terms of price levels and volatility.
    Keywords: C32 - Time-Series Models, Q11 - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis ; Prices
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Food Security in Africa: Market and Trade Policy for Staple Foods in Eastern and Southern Africa (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    The food crisis, mass media and the political economy of policy analysis and communication (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Few years ago, the widely shared view was that low food prices were a curse to developing countries. The dramatic increase in food prices in 2006–2008 appears to have fundamentally altered this view. The vast majority of analyses and reports in 2008 and 2009 state that high food prices have a devastating effect on developing countries. In this paper, we (i) document these changes in perspective; (ii) develop a model of policy communication to explain the cause of the change in views; and (iii) review the policy recommendations of the organisations that shifted their communication.
    Keywords: D23 - Organizational Behavior ; Transaction Costs ; Property Rights, D83 - Search ; Learning ; Information and Knowledge ; Communication ; Belief, E31 - Price Level ; Inflation ; Deflation, L31 - Nonprofit Institutions ; NGOs, P16 - Political Economy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Making the 'right' choice based on experiments: regulatory decisions for food and health (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: This article shows how experiments revealing information about food quality and safety can contribute to regulatory debates on food and health. After detailing the motivations of regulation for the food sector, we underline the limits of theoretical welfare analysis. Despite challenges from behavioural economics, cost–benefit analysis using experimental results can complement theoretical analysis. In a brief review of laboratory and field experiments with food, we discuss their relative strengths and weaknesses and suggest an analytical approach of how to integrate experimental data into welfare analysis. An empirical application quantifies and compares the welfare impact of health information and a subsidy for fish.
    Keywords: D10 - General, D60 - General, I10 - General
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Uncertainty and technical efficiency in Finnish agriculture: a state-contingent approach (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: In this article, we present one of the first real-world empirical applications of state-contingent production theory. Our state-contingent behavioural model allows us to analyse production under both inefficiency and uncertainty without regard to the nature of producer risk preferences. Using farm data for Finland, we estimate a flexible production model that permits substitutability between state-contingent outputs. We test empirically and reject an assumption that has been implicit in almost all efficiency studies conducted in the last three decades, namely that the production technology is output-cubical, i.e. that outputs are not substitutable between states of nature.
    Keywords: D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty, Q12 - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Supply Chains in Export Agriculture, Competition, and Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    The effect of preferential trade agreements on monthly fruit exports to the European Union (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: This study assesses the effect of preferential trade agreements on monthly exports of fresh grapes, pears, apples, oranges and mandarins to the European Union (EU) during 2001–2004, using a gravity model. Preference margins are calculated to include quotas and the entry price system, and the model recognises that countries may have a choice among preferential schemes. The econometric methodology controls for heterogeneity, endogeneity and zero-trade flows. The effect of EU preferential policies is found to vary by commodity. The Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) seems to increase exports to the EU of fresh grapes only, while exports to the EU of oranges are favoured by the Cotonou Agreement. Regional trade agreements appear effective in expanding EU-bound exports from eligible countries for all fruits except oranges.
    Keywords: C33 - Models with Panel Data, Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Corporate social responsibility in the food sector (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is of high relevance for food companies as this sector has a strong impact and a high dependence on the economy, the environment and on society. CSR's threats and opportunities are increasingly shifting from the single-firm level to food supply chains and food networks. This induces substantial challenges for the future due to firm heterogeneity and the associated diversity in CSR approaches.
    Keywords: M14 - Corporate Culture ; Social Responsibility, Q10 - General
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Discounting and risk adjusting non-marginal investment projects (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Standard cost–benefit analyses and asset pricing theories are based on the assumption that investment projects have marginal impacts on the consumption flows of stakeholders, so that social values and prices are not affected. This may not be true for large projects, such as those related to climate change or to the implementation of infrastructure projects in developing countries. In this paper, we explore qualitatively and quantitatively the error that is made when using the standard evaluation methods for non-marginal projects. In particular, we discuss the importance of adapting the discount rate and the risk premium to the size of the investment projects under consideration.
    Keywords: G12 - Asset Pricing ; Trading volume ; Bond Interest Rates, H43 - Project Evaluation ; Social Discount Rate
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    Experimental methods and the welfare evaluation of policy lotteries (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Policies impose lotteries of outcomes on individuals, since we never know exactly what the effects of the policy will be. In order to evaluate alternative policies, we need to make assumptions about individual preferences, even before social welfare functions are applied. There are two broad ways in which experimental methods are used to evaluate policy. One is to use experiments to estimate individual preferences, valuations and beliefs and use those estimates as priors in policy evaluation. The other is to use randomisation to infer the effects of policy. The strengths, weaknesses and complementarities of these approaches are reviewed.
    Keywords: D03 - Behavioral Economics ; Underlying Principles, D40 - General, D81 - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Food Prices and Rural Poverty (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    A general treatment of 'don't know' responses from choice experiments (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: In this paper, a modelling approach is developed for the treatment of ‘don't know’(DK) responses, within choice experiments (CEs). A DK option is motivated by the need to allow respondents the opportunity to express uncertainty. Our model explains a DK using an entropy measure of the similarity between options given to respondents within the CE. We illustrate our model by applying it to a CE examining consumer preferences for nutrient contents in food. We find that similarity between options in a given choice set does explain the tendency for respondents to report DK.
    Keywords: C35 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models, I18 - Government Policy ; Regulation ; Public Health, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Consumer inferences of food safety and quality (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Economists frequently use choice experiments (CEs) to evaluate demand for new attributes in food products. Using a split-sample experimental design focused on demand for pork chop attributes, we find consumer inferences regarding food safety and quality to impact estimates of marginal willingness to pay, market participation, policy appropriateness and consumer welfare effects. Our results suggest that interpretation of findings should be noted as conditional on attributes included in original analyses. A split-sample experimental approach involving multiple CE designs is described and suggested to practitioners to better consider consumer inference effects in future studies.
    Keywords: B40 - General, D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Mostly Harmless Econometrics: An Empiricist's Companion (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Agricultural Policy, Agribusiness and Rent-Seeking Behaviour (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Deforestation and Climate Change. Reducing Carbon Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Fisheries Subsidies, Sustainable Development and the WTO (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Payments for Environmental Services, Forest Conservation and Climate Change: Livelihoods in the REDD? (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Consumers' preferences for geographical origin labels: evidence from the Canadian olive oil market (2011)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2011-11-24
    Description: Geographical origin labels are important information and marketing tools and have recently become a central component of EU agricultural promotion. We consider demand in a non-EU export market for two distinct label types: country of origin (COO) and geographical indications (GIs). Additionally, two types of GIs, ‘protected designations of origin’ (PDOs) and ‘protected GIs’ (PGIs) are considered. Empirical findings indicate consumers’ willingness to pay varies with the oil's COO and is greater for GIs than for non-GIs from a given country. Weaker evidence that consumers value PDOs more than PGIs is also found.
    Keywords: C25 - Discrete Regression and Qualitative Choice Models, D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
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    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Firms, markets and trade costs: access of French exporters to European agri-food markets (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Description: From the French exporters' point of view, the purpose of this article is to understand the extent by which the European (EU) market remains fragmented. Based on Chaney's model (Chaney, 2008) it is shown here that to enter the market, the firm's productivity must be higher than the productivity threshold. Using accounting and trade firm data for the year 2004, the value of the threshold at entry to each EU country is explained and then the value exported to each market. The results of this study reveal that the heterogeneity of EU markets is due to geographic conditions, as also the remaining trade costs at entry to these markets.
    Keywords: F12 - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies, F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade, L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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    Chain interdependencies, measurement problems and efficient governance structure: cooperatives versus publicly listed firms (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Description: We determine the circumstances when the absence of public listing, often believed to be a disadvantage, makes a cooperative the unique efficient governance structure. This is established in a multi-task principal–agent model, capturing that cooperatives are not publicly listed and their CEOs have to bring the downstream enterprise to value as well as to serve upstream member interests. Not having a public listing prevents the CEO from choosing the level of the downstream activities too high. Cooperatives are uniquely efficient when the upstream marginal product multiplied with a function increasing in the strength of the chain complementarities is higher than the downstream marginal product.
    Keywords: D21 - Firm Behavior, L23 - Organization of Production, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Farm income, population and farmland prices: a relative information approach (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Description: This paper uses an entropy-based information approach to determine if farmland values are more closely associated with urban pressure or farm income. The basic question is: how much information on changes in farm real estate values is contained in changes in population versus changes in returns to production agriculture? Results suggest population is informative, but changes in farmland values are more strongly associated with changes in the distribution of returns. However, this relationship is not true for every region nor does it hold over time, as for some regions and time periods changes in population are more informative. Results have policy implications for both equity and efficiency.
    Keywords: C11 - Bayesian Analysis, C61 - Optimization Techniques ; Programming Models ; Dynamic Analysis, Q24 - Land
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Is producing a private label counterproductive for a branded manufacturer? (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Description: Branded food manufacturers vindicate the use of excess production capacities to justify their production of retailers’ brands. We study the distributor's and food manufacturer's private label (PL) strategy for production within a framework featuring endogenous store brand quality, bargaining power, possible differences in production technology and potential capacity constraints for the branded manufacturer. Depending on the structure of capacity constraint (applying to both products or to the PL only), we find that the retailer may prefer to choose an independent firm for the production of the store brand whereas the branded manufacturer is chosen in the case of excess capacity.
    Keywords: L11 - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure ; Size Distribution of Firms, L13 - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets, Q13 - Agricultural Markets and Marketing ; Cooperatives ; Agribusiness
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    The Economic Impact of Public Support to Agriculture: An International Perspective (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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    Twenty years of research on transition in agricultural economics journals (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Description: We analyse topics and authorship networks in articles on agricultural transition that were published in 16 subject-related peer-review journals between 1989 and 2008. Increasingly, articles on transition are written by authors from the European Union-15 in collaboration with authors from Central and Eastern Europe countries. The importance of authors from North America has fallen since the mid-1990s, and authors from Former Soviet Union countries have not made a large contribution to the literature. A group of roughly 10 authors plays a central role in the literature on agricultural transition, which has become increasingly method-driven and less descriptive or issue-driven over time. The co-authorship network for transition articles is characterised by a predominance of individuals or small groups of authors who have published only one or two papers.
    Keywords: A11 - Role of Economics ; Role of Economists ; Market for Economists, A14 - Sociology of Economics, P20 - General, Q10 - General
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Speciesism, altruism and the economics of animal welfare (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Description: Economists have long relied on utilitarian principles in carrying out cost–benefit analysis, but such utilitarianism is typically limited to the well-being of humans. Some prominent philosophers have argued such an approach is unjustifiably speciesist, but what are the consequences of including animal well-being in cost–benefit analysis? This paper considers this question in the context of human altruism towards animals in which people's concerns for the well-being of animals create an externality. After uncovering some conceptual challenges involved in carrying out cost–benefit analysis on animal welfare policies, we report the results of a novel experiment used to measure the public-good value of farm animal welfare, and show that although the average value in our sample is quite large, the result is due to the preferences of only a small subset of the subjects.
    Keywords: C91 - Laboratory, Individual Behavior, D61 - Allocative Efficiency ; Cost-Benefit Analysis, D64 - Altruism, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Greek meat supply response and price volatility in a rational expectations framework: a multivariate GARCH approach (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Description: This paper examines supply response models in a rational expectations framework for each one of the four major Greek meat markets, i.e. beef, broiler, lamb and pork. A multivariate generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model with Cholesky decomposition is used to incorporate price volatility into the rational expectations supply response model for each meat category and as a result the conditional covariance matrix remains positive definite without imposing any restrictions on the parameters. The empirical results confirm the existence of rational behaviour by meat producers in the four examined markets and indicate that price volatility is a major risk factor in Greek meat production. Furthermore, the last Common Agricultural Policy reform is found to have a negative impact on beef and lamb production in Greece.
    Keywords: C51 - Model Construction and Estimation, D20 - General, Q11 - Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis ; Prices
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Farm Business Management: Analysis of Farming Systems (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    The Economics of Beer (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-08
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    Some like to join, others to deliver: an econometric analysis of farmers' relationships with agricultural co-operatives (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-27
    Description: In many European countries, farmers are a member of a processing or marketing co-operative, and most of these farmers deliver their products to that co-operative. However, an extensive data set of Italian farmers shows that not all members deliver to their co-op, and that there are also non-members that deliver to co-ops. Using theoretical arguments from the New Institutional Economics literature, a bivariate probit model is estimated to explain co-op membership and delivery jointly. Results show that membership and delivery are indeed linked, but also that different factors influence farmers' decisions on membership and delivery.
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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    How do agricultural policies influence farm size inequality? The example of France (2011)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-27
    Description: We investigate farm size inequality in France using agricultural censuses and farm structure surveys at the NUTS3 level (‘départements’) during the period 1970–2007. Using calculated Gini coefficients, we show that farm size inequality has not systematically increased in France. An econometric analysis of the determinants of farm size inequality reveals that policy measures significantly affected farm size inequality, with most of the measures considered decreasing it. Empirical results suggest that the main contributor was the activity of the SAFER (Société d'Aménagement Foncier et d'Etablissement Rural), a specific feature of the French farm structural policy aimed at regulating rural land management. Besides, this research highlights the great complexity of the dynamics underlying the evolution of farm size distribution.
    Keywords: D30 - General, Q15 - Land Ownership and Tenure ; Land Reform ; Land Use ; Irrigation, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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