Publication Date:
2019
Description:
〈p〉Publication date: April 2019〈/p〉
〈p〉〈b〉Source:〈/b〉 Environmental Research, Volume 171〈/p〉
〈p〉Author(s): Wenyuan Li, Kirsten S. Dorans, Elissa H. Wilker, Mary B. Rice, Petter L. Ljungman, Joel D. Schwartz, Brent A. Coull, Petros Koutrakis, Diane R. Gold, John F. Keaney,, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Emelia J. Benjamin, Murray A. Mittleman〈/p〉
〈h5〉Abstract〈/h5〉
〈div〉
〈h6〉Background〈/h6〉
〈p〉Short-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular events, potentially by promoting endothelial cell activation and inflammation. A few large-scale studies have examined the associations and have had mixed results.〈/p〉
〈/div〉
〈div〉
〈h6〉Methods〈/h6〉
〈p〉We included 3820 non-current smoking participants (mean age 56 years, 54% women) from the Framingham Offspring cohort examinations 7 (1998–2001) and 8 (2005–2008), and Third Generation cohort examination 1 (2002–2005), who lived within 50 km of a central monitoring station. We calculated the 1- to 7-day moving averages of fine particulate matter (PM〈sub〉2.5〈/sub〉), black carbon (BC), sulfate (SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉〈sup〉2-〈/sup〉), nitrogen oxides (NO〈sub〉x〈/sub〉), and ozone before examination visits. We used linear mixed effect models for P-selectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), intercellular adhesion molecule 1, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity and mass, and osteoprotegerin that were measured up to twice, and linear regression models for CD40 ligand and interleukin-18 that were measured once, adjusting for demographics, life style and clinical factors, socioeconomic position, time, and meteorology.〈/p〉
〈/div〉
〈div〉
〈h6〉Results〈/h6〉
〈p〉We found negative associations of PM〈sub〉2.5〈/sub〉 and BC with P-selectin, of ozone with MCP-1, and of SO〈sub〉4〈/sub〉〈sup〉2-〈/sup〉 and NO〈sub〉x〈/sub〉 with osteoprotegerin. At the 5-day moving average, a 5 µg/m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉 higher PM〈sub〉2.5〈/sub〉 was associated with 1.6% (95% CI: − 2.8, − 0.3) lower levels of P-selectin; a 10 ppb higher ozone was associated with 1.7% (95% CI: − 3.2, − 0.1) lower levels of MCP-1; and a 20 ppb higher NO〈sub〉x〈/sub〉 was associated with 2.0% (95% CI: − 3.6, − 0.4) lower levels of osteoprotegerin.〈/p〉
〈/div〉
〈div〉
〈h6〉Conclusions〈/h6〉
〈p〉We did not find evidence of positive associations between short-term air pollution exposure and endothelial cell activation. On the contrary, short-term exposure to higher levels of ambient pollutants were associated with lower levels of P-selectin, MCP-1, and osteoprotegerin in the Framingham Heart Study.〈/p〉
〈/div〉
Print ISSN:
0013-9351
Electronic ISSN:
1096-0953
Topics:
Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
,
Medicine
Permalink