ALBERT

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Thermochronology - the use of temperature-sensitive radiometric dating methods to reconstruct the thermal histories of rocks - has proved to be an important means of constraining a wide variety of geological processes. Fission track and (U–Th)/He analyses of apatites, zircons and titanites are the best-established and most sensitive methods for reconstructing such histories in the uppermost kilometres of the crust, over time scales of millions to hundreds of millions of years. The papers published in this volume are divided into two sections. The first section on ‘New approaches in thermochronology’, presents the most recent advances of existing thermochronological methods and demonstrates the progress in the development of alternative thermochronometers and modelling techniques. The second section, ‘Applied thermochronology’, comprises original papers about denudation, long-term landscape evolution and detrital sources from the European Alps, northwestern Spain, the Ardennes, the Bohemian Massif, Fennoscandia and Corsica. It also includes case studies from the Siberian Altai, Mozambique, South Africa and Dronning Maud Land (East Antarctica) and reports an ancient thermal anomaly within a regional fault in Japan.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Underground gas storage: An introduction and UK perspective / D. J. Evans and R. A. Chadwick / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 1-11, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.1 --- The importance of gas storage to the UK: The DECC perspective / J. Havard and R. French / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 13-15, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.2 --- Gas storage: An onshore operator's perspective / A. Fernando and A. Raman / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 17-24, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.3 --- Underground gas storage: Why and how / Hans Plaat / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 25-37, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.4 --- A review of onshore UK salt deposits and their potential for underground gas storage / D. J. Evans and S. Holloway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 39-80, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.5 --- Environmental and safety monitoring of the natural gas underground storage at Stenlille, Denmark / T. Laier and H. Øbro / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 81-92, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.6 --- Design of salt caverns for the storage of natural gas, crude oil and compressed air: Geomechanical aspects of construction, operation and abandonment / K.-H. Lux / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 93-128, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.7 --- New procedure for tightness tests (MIT) of salt cavern storage wells: Continuous high accuracy determination of relevant parameters, without the need to use radioactive tools / Hartmut Von Tryller, Andreas Reitze and Fritz Crotogino / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 129-137, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.8 --- Environmental issues in permitting gas storage: The Wild Goose case history / Laurie McClenahan Hietter / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 139-148, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.9 --- Underground gas storage project at Welton oilfield, Lincolnshire: Local perspectives and responses to planning, environmental and community safety issues / Meg Davidson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 149-161, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.10 --- Well integrity: An overlooked source of risk and liability for underground natural gas storage. Lessons learned from incidents in the USA / Brent Miyazaki / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 163-172, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.11 --- A review of underground fuel storage events and putting risk into perspective with other areas of the energy supply chain / D. J. Evans / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 173-216, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.12 --- Underground hydrogen storage in the UK / Howard B. J. Stone, Ivo Veldhuis and R. Neil Richardson / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 217-226, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.13 --- Subsurface characterization and geological monitoring of the CO2 injection operation at Weyburn, Saskatchewan, Canada / James B. Riding and Christopher A. Rochelle / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 227-256, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.14 --- Review of monitoring issues and technologies associated with the long-term underground storage of carbon dioxide / R. A. Chadwick, R. Arts, M. Bentham, O. Eiken, S. Holloway, G. A. Kirby, J. M. Pearce, J. P. Williamson and P. Zweigel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 313, 257-275, 26 May 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP313.15

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Geodynamics of collision and collapse at the Africa–Arabia–Eurasia subduction zone – an introduction / Douwe J. J. van Hinsbergen, Michael A. Edwards and Rob Govers / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 1-7, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.1 --- Melange genesis and ophiolite emplacement related to subduction of the northern margin of the Tauride–Anatolide continent, central and western Turkey / Alastair H. F. Robertson, Osman Parlak and Tı̇mur Ustaömer / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 9-66, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.2 --- Tectono-stratigraphy of the Çankırı Basin: Late Cretaceous to early Miocene evolution of the Neotethyan Suture Zone in Turkey / Nuretdin Kaymakci, Yakup Özçelik, Stanley H. White and Paul M. Van Dijk / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 67-106, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.3 --- Oligocene–Miocene basin evolution in SE Anatolia, Turkey: constraints on the closure of the eastern Tethys gateway / Silja K. Hüsing, Willem-Jan Zachariasse, Douwe J. J. van Hinsbergen, Wout Krijgsman, Murat Inceöz, Mathias Harzhauser, Oleg Mandic and Andreas Kroh / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 107-132, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.4 --- Long-term evolution of the North Anatolian Fault: new constraints from its eastern termination / Aurélia Hubert-Ferrari, Geoffrey King, Jérome van der Woerd, Igor Villa, Erhan Altunel and Rolando Armijo / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 133-154, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.5 --- Mediterranean snapshots of accelerated slab retreat: subduction instability in stalled continental collision / M. A. Edwards and B. Grasemann / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 155-192, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.6 --- Evolution of the southern Tyrrhenian slab tear and active tectonics along the western edge of the Tyrrhenian subducted slab / Andrea Argnani / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 193-212, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.7 --- Geochemical and temporal evolution of Cenozoic magmatism in western Turkey: mantle response to collision, slab break-off, and lithospheric tearing in an orogenic belt / Yildirim Dilek and Şafak Altunkaynak / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 213-233, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.8 --- Insights from the Apennines metamorphic complexes and their bearing on the kinematics evolution of the orogen / Gianluca Vignaroli, Claudio Faccenna, Federico Rossetti and Laurent Jolivet / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 235-256, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.9 --- Sequential development of interfering metamorphic core complexes: numerical experiments and comparison with the Cyclades, Greece / C. Tirel, P. Gautier, D. J. J. van Hinsbergen and M. J. R. Wortel / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 257-292, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.10 --- The Itea–Amfissa detachment: a pre-Corinth rift Miocene extensional structure in central Greece / Dimitrios Papanikolaou, Leonidas Gouliotis and Maria Triantaphyllou / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 293-310, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.11 --- Neogene brittle detachment faulting on Kos (E Greece): implications for a southern break-away fault of the Menderes metamorphic core complex (western Turkey) / Douwe J. J. van Hinsbergen and Flora Boekhout / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 311-320, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.12 --- Magnetostratigraphy of early–middle Miocene deposits from east–west trending Alaşehir and Büyük Menderes grabens in western Turkey, and its tectonic implications / Sevket Sen and Gürol Seyitoğlu / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 321-342, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.13 --- The structure of the Kythira–Antikythira strait, offshore SW Greece (35.7°–36.6°N) / Eleni Kokinou and Evangelos Kamberis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 343-360, 29 April 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.14 --- Erratum --- Melange genesis and ophiolite emplacement related to subduction of the northern margin of the Tauride–Anatolide continent, central and western Turkey / Alastair H. F. Robertson, Osman Parlak and Tı̇mur Ustaömer / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 311, 1, 29 July 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP311.Erratum

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Neoproterozoic successions are major hydrocarbon producers around the world. In North Africa, large basins with significant surface outcrops and thick sedimentary fills are widespread. These basins are now emerging as potential sources of hydrocarbons and are attracting interest from geological researchers in academia and the oil and gas industry. This volume focuses on recent developments in the understanding and correlation of North African basin fills and explores novel approaches to prospecting for source and reservoir rocks. The papers cover aspects of petroleum prospectivity and age-equivalent global petroleum systems, Neoproterozoic tectonics and palaeogeography, sequence stratigraphy, glacial events and global climatic models, faunal and floral evolution and the deposition of source rocks. The broader aim of this volume is to compare major environmental change, the emergence of life, the global carbon cycle and the implications for hydrocarbon exploration of well-studied Neoproterozoic successions worldwide.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book presents a collection of papers that combines marine and terrestrial geological investigations valuable to hazard assessment in rocky coastal areas, including examples mostly coming from the Italian coasts. The hazardous processes that are discussed include: large slope failures, cliff recession and floods of steep coastal streams. It is assumed that coastal slopes operate as transfer zones of land-born geological processes, which deliver sediment to the coastal and open sea at intermittent time intervals, and therefore place coastal communities that are exposed or vulnerable to these events at high risk. Rocky coastal areas can be associated with regions of active or recent tectonics/volcanic activity, or can develop as low-relief cliffs along non-active margins. In all these settings, mass-wasting phenomena represent the most serious hazardous processes, and there is a need to characterize and model the factors causing them. It is stressed that proper comprehension of coastal mass-wasting hazard has to include shipboard acoustic surveys, historical source investigations and onshore geological features.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Palaeoproterozoic era (2500–1600 Ma) was a critical period of Earth history, with dynamic evolution from the deep planetary interior to its surface environment. Several lines of geological evidence suggest the existence of at least one pre-Rodinia supercontinent, named Nuna or Columbia, which formed near the end of Palaeoproterozoic time. Prior to this assembly, there may have been an older supercontinent (Kenorland) or perhaps only independently drifting supercratons. The tectonic records of amalgamation and dispersal of these ancient landmasses provide a framework that links processes of the deep Earth with those of its fluid envelope. The sixteen papers in this volume present reviews and new analytical data that span the geological record of Palaeoproterozoic Earth and provide a current picture of Palaeoproterozoic research. The volume provides a useful reference book for students and professional geoscientists interested in this important period of global evolution.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Following the late Neoproterozoic – early Cambrian breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia, Gondwana evolved as one of the principal continental masses on Earth, embracing most of South America, Africa, Australasia, Antarctica, much of western Europe and parts of Asia. Around its margins were various other terranes that had varying tectonic and biogeographical affinities with the main continental block. This book incorporates a series of reviews and multidisciplinary research papers that together explore the tectonic, palaeogeographical and palaeobiogeographical evolution of the elements that made up the peri-Gondwanan collage. The stratigraphical scope of the coverage embraces the late Precambrian through early Devonian, providing a comprehensive overview of structural, stratigraphical and biological evolution through this significant interval of Earth history. Integration of these various processes throughout the volume will be of broad-based interest to a wide range of geoscientists.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: This book considers the geology between North and South America. It contributes to debate about the area's evolution, particularly that of the Caribbean. Prevailing understanding is that the Caribbean formed in the Pacific and was engulfed between the Americas as the latter drifted west. Accordingly, the Caribbean Plate comprises internal, Jurassic–Cretaceous oceanic rocks, thickened into a Cretaceous hotspot/plume plateau, with obducted ophiolites and Cretaceous–Palaeogene, subduction-related, intra-oceanic volcanic arc and metamorphosed arc/continental rocks exposed on its margins. An alternative interpretation is that the Caribbean evolved in place. It consists largely of continental crust, extended in the Triassic–Jurassic, which subsided below thick Jurassic–Cretaceous carbonate rocks and flood basalts, and Cenozoic carbonate and clastic rocks. After uplift of ‘oceanic’ and volcanic arc rocks onto (continental) margins, the interior foundered in the Middle Eocene. Papers range from regional overviews and discussions of Caribbean origins to aspects of local geology arranged in a circum-Caribbean tour and ending in the interior. They address tectonics, structure, geochronology, seismicity, igneous and metamorphic petrology, metamorphism, geochemistry, stratigraphy and palaeontology.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Ancient orogens and modern analogues: an introduction / J. Brendan Murphy, J. Duncan Keppie and Andrew J. Hynes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 1-8, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.1 --- Mesozoic–Cenozoic Orogens --- Caldera volcanism and rift structure in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand / J. W. Cole and K. D. Spinks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 9-29, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.2 --- Andean flat-slab subduction through time / Victor A. Ramos and Andrés Folguera / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 31-54, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.3 --- Middle Miocene Chiapas fold and thrust belt of Mexico: a result of collision of the Tehuantepec Transform/Ridge with the Middle America Trench / J. J. Mandujano-Velazquez and J. Duncan Keppie / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 55-69, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.4 --- Extrusion of high-pressure Cache Creek rocks into the Triassic Stikinia–Quesnellia arc of the Canadian Cordillera: implications for terrane analysis of ancient orogens and palaeogeography / Jaroslav Dostal, J. Duncan Keppie and Filippo Ferri / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 71-87, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.5 --- Plate tectonics of the Alpine realm / Gérard M. Stampfli and Cyril Hochard / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 89-111, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.6 --- The Calabrian Orocline: buckling of a previously more linear orogen / Stephen T. Johnston and Stefano Mazzoli / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 113-125, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.7 --- Seismic structure, crustal architecture and tectonic evolution of the Anatolian-African Plate Boundary and the Cenozoic Orogenic Belts in the Eastern Mediterranean Region / Yildirim Dilek and Eric Sandvol / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 127-160, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.8 --- Palaeozoic/Neoproterozoic Orogens --- The evolution of the Uralian orogen / Victor N. Puchkov / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 161-195, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.9 --- Timing of dextral strike-slip processes and basement exhumation in the Elbe Zone (Saxo-Thuringian Zone): the final pulse of the Variscan Orogeny in the Bohemian Massif constrained by LA-SF-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon data / M. Hofmann, U. Linnemann, A. Gerdes, B. Ullrich and M. Schauer / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 197-214, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.10 --- Variscan intra-orogenic extensional tectonics in the Ossa-Morena Zone (Évora-Aracena-Lora del Rı́o metamorphic belt, SW Iberian Massif): SHRIMP zircon U-Th-Pb geochronology / M. Francisco Pereira, Martim Chichorro, Ian S. Williams, José B. Silva, Carlos Fernández, Manuel Dı́az-azpı́roz, Arturo Apraiz and Antonio Castro / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 215-237, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.11 --- Palaeozoic palaeogeography of Mexico: constraints from detrital zircon age data / R. Damian Nance, J. Duncan Keppie, Brent V. Miller, J. Brendan Murphy and Jaroslav Dostal / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 239-269, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.12 --- Pre-Carboniferous, episodic accretion-related, orogenesis along the Laurentian margin of the northern Appalachians / Cees R. van Staal, Joseph B. Whalen, Pablo Valverde-Vaquero, Alexandre Zagorevski and Neil Rogers / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 271-316, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.13 --- From Rodinia to Pangaea: ophiolites from NW Iberia as witness for a long-lived continental margin / Sonia Sánchez Martı́nez, Ricardo Arenas, Javier Fernández-Suárez and Teresa E. Jeffries / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 317-341, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.14 --- Rheic Ocean mafic complexes: overview and synthesis / J. Brendan Murphy, Gabriel Gutiérrez-Alonso, R. Damian Nance, Javier Fernández-Suárez, J. Duncan Keppie, Cecilio Quesada, Jaroslav Dostal and James A. Braid / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 343-369, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.15 --- Proterozoic Orogens --- The palaeomagnetically viable, long-lived and all-inclusive Rodinia supercontinent reconstruction / David A. D. Evans / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 371-404, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.16 --- The Grenville Province as a large hot long-duration collisional orogen – insights from the spatial and thermal evolution of its orogenic fronts / Toby Rivers / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 405-444, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.17 --- Neoproterozoic reworking of the Palaeoproterozoic Capricorn Orogen of Western Australia and implications for the amalgamation of Rodinia / Sandra A. Occhipinti and Steven M. Reddy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 445-456, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.18 --- The Palaeoproterozoic Trans-Hudson Orogen: a prototype of modern accretionary processes / D. Corrigan, S. Pehrsson, N. Wodicka and E. de Kemp / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 327, 457-479, 1 January 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP327.19

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Periglacial and paraglacial environments, located outside ice sheet margins but responding to similar climate forcings, are key to identifying climate change effects upon the Earth system. These environments are relicts of cold Earth processes and so are most sensitive to global warming. Changes in the distribution and thickness of permafrost in continental interiors have implications for ecosystem and landscape stability. Periglacial Alpine environments are experiencing increased rockfall and mass movement, leading to rock glacier instability and sediment release to downstream rivers. In turn, these landscape effects impact on natural hazards and human activities in these sensitive and geologically transient environments. Papers in this volume explore some of these interrelated issues in field studies from Europe, North America and Asia. The volume will be of interest to geomorphologists, modellers, environmental managers, planners and engineers working on landscape, climate and environmental change in periglacial and paraglacial areas.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Accretionary orogens form at convergent plate boundaries and include the supra-subduction zone forearc, magmatic arc and backarc components. They can be broken into retreating and advancing types, based on their kinematic framework and resulting geological character. Accretionary systems have been active throughout Earth history, extending back until at least 3.2 Ga, and provide an important constraint on the initiation of horizontal motion of lithospheric plates on Earth. Accretionary orogens have been responsible for major growth of the continental lithosphere, through the addition of juvenile magmatic products, but are also major sites of consumption and reworking of continental crust through time. The aim of this volume is to provide a better understanding of accretionary processes and their role in the formation and evolution of the continental crust. Fourteen papers deal with general aspects of accretion and metamorphism and discuss examples of accretionary orogens and crustal growth through Earth history, from the Archaean to the Cenozoic.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Given the tremendous toll in human lives and attendant economic losses, it is appropriate that scientists are working hard to understand better earthquakes, with the aim of forecasting and, ultimately, predicting them. In the last decades increasing attention has been paid to the coseismic effects on the natural environment, creating a solid base of empirical data for the estimation of source parameters of strong earthquakes based on geological observations. The recently introduced INQUA scale (Environmental Seismic Intensity–ESI 2007 Scale) of macroseismic intensity clearly shows how the systematic study of earthquake surface faulting, coseismic liquefaction, tsunami deposits and other primary and secondary ground effects can be integrated with ‘traditional’ seismological and tectonic information to provide a better understanding of the seismicity level of an area and the associated hazards. At the moment this is the only scientific means of equating the seismic records to the seismic cycle time-spans extending the seismic catalogues even to tens of thousands of years, improving future seismic hazard analyses. This Special Publication covers some of the latest multidisciplinary work undertaken to achieve that aim. Eighteen papers from research groups from all continents address a wide range of topics related both to palaeoseismological studies and assessment of macroseismic intensity based only on the natural phenomena associated with an earthquake.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Non-marine Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic formations are widespread in mainland SE Asia. Although the first reports on fossils from some of these formations were published as early as the 1890s, it is only since 1980 that floras and faunas from the Permian, Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous of SE Asia have received the attention they deserve. Fieldwork in various parts of Thailand and Laos has revealed a succession of fossil assemblages that now allows a reconstruction of the evolution of continental ecosystems in that part of the world during the Late Palaeozoic and the Mesozoic. The first papers in this book present the geological background of these floral and faunal successions, as well as historical aspects of their discovery. Descriptions of new taxa and review papers deal with plants, sharks, bony fishes, turtles, crocodilians, dinosaurs and mammal-like reptiles. Papers about the Mesozoic palaeobiogeography, environments and climates of Asia conclude the volume.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Devonian was a critical period with respect to the diversification of early terrestrial ecosystems. The geotectonic setting was characterized by the switch from the post-Caledonian to the pre-Variscan situation. Plant life on land evolved from tiny tracheophytes to trees of considerable size in combination with a global increase in terrestrial biomass, and vertebrates started to conquer the land. Extensive shallow-marine areas and continental lowlands with a wide range of different habitats existed. These are preserved in a large number of basins all around the world. Climate change finally led from greenhouse to icehouse conditions towards the end of the Devonian. Rapid evolution of terrestrial ecosystems and climate change had a pronounced influence on sedimentation and biodiversity, not only in the terrestrial, but also in the marine realm. This volume contains case studies from Australia, China, Europe, South America and North America, and individual palaeoecosystems and their components have been investigated in different palaeogeographic settings that contribute to a much better understanding of the Devonian Period. This is a contribution to the IGCP 499 project on "Devonian land-sea interaction: evolution of ecosystems and climate".

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The Upper Triassic to Middle Jurassic succession of the Shemshak Group (up to 4000 m in thickness in the Alborz Mountains, Northern Iran) contains key information about the closure of the Palaeotethys Ocean, the rise and denudation of the Cimmeride Mountains, and the succeeding opening of the South Caspian Basin. Here at Emamzadeh–Hashem Pass (NW of Tehran, Iran), the Shemshak Group is embraced between Upper Palaeozoic–Middle Triassic (foreground) and Upper Jurassic carbonates (background).

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: For thousands of years, religious ideas have shaped the thoughts and actions of human beings. Many of the early geological concepts were initially developed within this context. The long-standing relationship between geology and religious thought, which has been sometimes indifferent, sometimes fruitful and sometimes full of conflict, is discussed from a historical point of view. This relationship continues into the present. Although Christian fundamentalists attack evolution and related palaeontological findings as well as the geological evidence for the age of the Earth, mainstream theologians strive for a fruitful dialogue between science and religion. Much of what is written and discussed today can only be understood within the historical perspective. This book considers the development of geology from mythological approaches towards the European Enlightenment, biblical or geological Flood and the age of the Earth, geology within ‘religious’ organizations, biographical case studies of geological clerics and religious geologists, religion and evolution, and historical aspects of creationism and its motives.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: There is much interest in gas hydrates in relation to their potential role as an important driver for climate change and as a major new energy source; however, many questions remain, not least the size of the global hydrate budget. Much of the current uncertainty centres on how hydrates are physically stored in sediments at a range of scales. This volume details advances in our understanding of sediment-hosted hydrates, and contains papers covering a range of studies of real and artificial sediments containing both methane hydrates and CO2 hydrates. The papers include an examination of the techniques used to locate, sample and characterize hydrates from natural, methane-rich systems, so as to understand them better. Other contributions consider the nature and stability of synthetic hydrates formed in the laboratory, which in turn improve our ability to make accurate predictive models.

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: The detachment era (1977–1982) and its role in revolutionizing continental tectonics / B. Wernicke / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 1-8, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.1 --- The frictional strength of granular fault gouge: application of theory to the mechanics of low-angle normal faults / Carolyn Boulton, Tim Davies and Mauri McSaveney / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 9-31, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.2 --- Upper and lower crustal evolution during lithospheric extension: numerical modelling and natural footprints from the European Alps / Anna Maria Marotta, Maria Iole Spalla and Guido Gosso / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 33-72, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.3 --- Reconciling short- and long-term measures of extension in continental back arcs: heat flux, crustal structure and rotations within central North Island, New Zealand / T. A. Stern / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 73-87, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.4 --- Cretaceous felsic volcanism in New Zealand and Lord Howe Rise (Zealandia) as a precursor to final Gondwana break-up / A. J. Tulloch, J. Ramezani, N. Mortimer, J. Mortensen, P. van den Bogaard and R. Maas / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 89-118, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.5 --- Structure and evolution of the western Corinth Rift, through new field data from the Northern Peloponnesus / Emmanuel Skourtsos and Haralambos Kranis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 119-138, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.6 --- Timing and nature of formation of the Ios metamorphic core complex, southern Cyclades, Greece / Stuart N. Thomson, Uwe Ring, Stephanie Brichau, Johannes Glodny and Thomas M. Will / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 139-167, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.7 --- Timing of the Amorgos detachment system and implications for detachment faulting in the southern Aegean Sea, Greece / Uwe Ring, Stuart N. Thomson and Gideon Rosenbaum / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 169-178, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.8 --- Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Naxos Island through a multi-faceted approach of fission-track analysis / Diane Seward, Olivier Vanderhaeghe, Luc Siebenaller, Stuart Thomson, Christian Hibsch, Anatol Zingg, Patrick Holzner, Uwe Ring and Stephanie Duchêne / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 179-196, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.9 --- Syn-extensional granitoids in the Menderes core complex and the late Cenozoic extensional tectonics of the Aegean province / Yildirim Dilek, Şafak Altunkaynak and Zeynep Öner / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 197-223, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.10 --- A case study of lateral spreading: the Precambrian Svecofennian Orogen / Annakaisa Korja, Paula Kosunen and Pekka Heikkinen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 321, 225-251, 14 October 2009, https://doi.org/10.1144/SP321.11

Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Founded in 1807, the Geological Society of London became the world's first learned society devoted to the Earth sciences. In celebration of the Society's 200-year history, this book commemorates the lives of the Society's 13 founders and sets geology in its national and European context at the turn of the nineteenth century. In Britain, geology was emerging as a subject in its own right from three closely related disciplines - chemistry, mineralogy and medicine - disciplines that reflect the principal professions and interests of the founders. The tremendous energy and cooperation of these 13 men, about whom little was previously known, quickly mobilized like-minded men around the country and fuelled the nation's passion for geology; an enthusiasm that soon spread to America and Australia. Two previously unpublished works from this period, essential to understanding the founding of the Society, are reproduced here for the first time. The book closes with a review of the Society's 2007 Bicentenary celebrations.