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  • Biodiversity Heritage Library
  • Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
  • Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
  • English  (233)
  • Russian
  • Spanish
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  • English  (233)
  • Russian
  • Spanish
  • German  (274)
Years
  • 1
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    Energy consumption and behavioural changes (2009)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-01
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    Role and potential of renewable energy and energy efficiency for global energy supply (2012)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-04-01
    Description: The analysis of different global energy scenarios in part I of the report confirms that the exploitation of energy efficiency potentials and the use of renewable energies play a key role in reaching global CO2 reduction targets. An assessment on the basis of a broad literature research in part II shows that the technical potentials of renewable energy technologies are a multiple of today's global final energy consumption. The analysis of cost estimates for renewable electricity generation technologies and even long term cost projections across the key studies in part III demonstrates that assumptions are in reasonable agreement. In part IV it is shown that by implementing technical potentials for energy efficiency improvements in demand and supply sectors by 2050 can be limited to 48% of primary energy supply in IEA's "Energy Technology Perspectives" baseline scenario. It was found that a large potential for cost-effective measures exists, equivalent to around 55-60% of energy savings of all included efficiency measures (part V). The results of the analysis on behavioural changes in part VI show that behavioural dimensions are not sufficiently included in energy scenarios. Accordingly major research challenges are revealed.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Structural change in coal regions as a process of economic and social-ecological transition : lessons learnt from structural change processes in Germany (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: Effective policies to mitigate climate change need to be accompanied by a socially just transition. Based on experiences of past and ongoing transition policies in coal regions in Europe and with indications to the specificity of framework conditions and challenges and to the potential effectiveness and transferability of approaches, this paper presents lessons learnt which can be inspirational for similar transitions in other coal regions and for transitions in other sectors.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Analysis of the historical structural change in the German hard coal mining Ruhr area (case study) (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: This case study examined the structural change in the Ruhr area caused by the low international competitiveness of German hard coal mining over the period from the late 1950s to 2015. It analysed the structural change process and the structural policies implemented as a reaction to this process with the objective to make this knowledge available for future structural change processes in other (coal) regions by deploying various qualitative and quantitative methods of empirical social and economic research. A discourse analysis helped to recognise who supported which structural policy approaches and why - and thus gives indications of the possible relevance of experiences for other regions.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 5
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    Analysis of the historical structural change in the German lignite mining area of Lusatia (case study) (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-08
    Description: This case study examined the structural change in Lusatia caused by the system change from a centrally planned economy to a market economy in the period 1990-2015. It analysed the structural change process and the structural policies implemented as a reaction to this process with the objective to make this knowledge available for future structural change processes in other (coal) regions by deploying various qualitative and quantitative methods of empirical social and economic research. A discourse analysis helped to recognise who supported which structural policy approaches and why - and thus gives indications of the possible relevance of experiences for other regions.
    Keywords: ddc:300
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 6
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    Promoting the high-quality recycling of plastics from demolition waste and enhancing the use of recycled materials in construction products in accordance with the European plastics strategy : final report (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-08
    Description: This study presents in detail: the use of plastic products and the opportunities for recyclate use in the construction sector, quantities of plastic used, take-back systems, recycling techniques, current recyclate use and plastic construction product packaging.Potentials for increasing high-quality recyclate use were identified. Existing hurdles and options for action for industry and politics are presented. Current recyclate use as well as its potential use are strongly dependent on the application area of plastics. The biggest hurdles for the use of recycled materials are product life time, dismantling and technical requirements.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 7
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    Resource consumption of Germany : indicators and definitions ; final report (2011)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-19
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 8
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    Quantifying emission reduction contributions by emerging economies (2012)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-20
    Keywords: ddc:320
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  • 9
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    Proposals for contributions of emerging economies to the climate regime under the UNFCCC post 2012 (2012)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-20
    Description: Under the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities” (Article 3.1 of the UNFCCC) non-Annex I parties have so far been exempted from emission limitation or reduction commitments. However, the pressure is mounting on those countries, especially major emitting developing countries, to contribute actively to the mitigation of climate change. Participation by these developing countries in a future international climate regime is often called for, but it is usually unclear how and how much these countries should participate, what kind of support they need and in which sectors. This project aims to provide a more detailed view on six countries to understand how they could best make a contribution to the regime and how they could best be supported in limiting their greenhouse gas emissions.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 10
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    Economic models for assessing the economic effects of linking emissions trading schemes (2019)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-06
    Description: Before linking emissions trading systems, there should be a good understanding of the expected economic implications: How could linking affect the development of the common allowance price, the development of emissions or industrial production, capital flows or liquidity? Answering these questions requires a multitude of data and assumptions and therefore usually the use of economic models. This report gives an overview of various economic models that are suitable for assessing the economic effects of linking. It analyses the economic indicators relevant for the assessment of the effects of linking, formulates requirements for economic models to answer this question, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different modelling approaches and gives an assessment of which models are suitable in principle for the assessment of linking. Five models were selected for a more detailed description: E3ME, GEM-E3, PACE, POLES, and TIMES-MARKAL.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 11
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    Potentials and limitations of different requirements (offsetting) in bilateral and global carbon pricing systems (2017)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-20
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 12
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    Implementation of nationally determined contributions : Rebublic of Marshall Islands country report (2019)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of the Republic of Marshall Islands under the UNFCCC. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials in the fields of transport - especially low-carbon domestic shipping - and waste reduction, disposal and processing.
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 13
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    Squaring the circle of mitigation adequacy and equity : options and perspectives (2014)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The report surveys current proposals and positions on issues such as differentiated participation of countries in the new agreement, a differentiated spectrum of commitments, effort sharing and options for how to organise the negotiation process. The report finds that for the level of participation, the selection of commitment types, and choice of effort-sharing approaches there is no silver bullet. A portfolio approach that incorporates multiple options may be most suited to ensure environmental effectiveness, cost- effectiveness and political feasibility.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 14
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    The clean development mechanism and emerging offset schemes : options for reconciliation? (2014)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: This report examines the political context and reasoning of these sources of potential demand to depart from the established system and offers suggestions for further reforms or measures to take to preserve some of the benefits of the erstwhile framework.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 15
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    Development of proposals, including legal instruments, to improve the data situation on the whereabouts of end-of-life vehicles (2017)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: To minimize the impact of end-of life vehicles on the environment they have to be managed in accordance with the legal requirements. Against this background it is important to comprehend the whereabouts of permanently decommissioned passenger cars. From the available statistical sources it was only possible to account for the whereabouts in parts for the last years. The subject-matter of the research project was the closure of this "statistical gap" to the maximum extent possible. The objectives of the project were the identification of the possible reasons underlying the "statistical gap", the determination, itemisation and, to the maximum extent possible, quantification of information on the actual whereabouts of permanently decommissioned vehicles and the development of measures and instruments that can be used to permanently improve the data situation.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 16
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    What makes an ideal global stocktake? : A functional analysis ; discussion paper (2018)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Many hope that the Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement can become a catalyst for increased mitigation ambition over time. Based on different theories of change, this paper outlines four governance functions for the Global Stocktake. It can contribute to the Paris Agreement as a pacemaker (stimulating and synchronizing policy processes across governance levels), by ensuring accountability of Parties, by enhancing ambition through benchmarks for action and transformative learning, and by reiterating and refining the guidance and signal provided from the Paris Agreement. The paper further outlines process- and information-related preconditions that would enable an ideal Global Stocktake.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 17
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    Implementation of nationally determined contributions : Morocco country report (2018)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of Morocco under the UNFCCC. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials in the fields of urban environment, the mineral sector and the transport sector. A chapter is dedicated to the relevance and perspectives of coal use.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 18
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    How can existing national climate policy instruments contribute to ETS development? : Final report (2019)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Before introducing an emissions trading system, jurisdictions have to consider the ex-isting energy and climate policy framework. This report seeks to analyse and evaluate non-ETS climate policy instruments, such as carbon taxes or green certificate trading schemes, regarding their suitability to serve as a basis for establishing emission trading systems. There is a general assessment of prototypical policy instruments. Besides, the report contains insights from case studies in India and Mexico. The report is meant to inform ETS development by showing how existing policy instruments could contribute to this process and by illustrating how non-ETS policy instruments could coexist with an emissions trading system, allowing for an effective policy mix.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 19
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    Implementation of nationally determined contributions : Ethiopia country report (2019)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of Ethiopia under the UNFCCC. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials in the fields of agriculture, forestry and low-emission transport.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 20
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    Updating the waste prevention programme : preparing the foundations for updating the waste prevention programme based on an analysis and evaluation of the implementation status ; final report (2020)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The waste prevention program (WPP) from 2013 must be evaluated every 6 years and updated if necessary. The review and evaluation of the implementation of the WPP took place within the scope of the project. Based on the analysis results for the implementation of the WPP at federal, state and municipal level and an assessment of existing prevention potentials, concrete proposals for a possible further development and updating of the program on prioritized waste streams and corresponding priority prevention approaches were developed. In addition, structural adjustment and change needs of the WPP were worked out and further research was shown.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 21
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    Design options for the new international market mechanism under article 6.4 of the Paris agreement (2020)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: In this project commissioned by the German Environment Agency, important aspects of the mechanism under Article 6.4 of the Paris Agreement were examined in more detail. This mechanism is to succeed the CDM under the Kyoto Protocol from 2021 onwards, but it will contain decisive improvements, especially with regard to a robust accounting of emission reductions and better integration into the national climate policy of the host country. The report is addressed to the international experts, in particular to the delegates to the climate conference and observers, and is therefore written in English. A German summary is included. The following topics are covered: How does the mechanism achieve an overall reduction of global emissions? Are there opportunities to use benchmarks to establish baselines? Can contributions to increasing ambition be made by using Art. 6.4? What contribution can the voluntary market make to increasing ambition in the future? Introduction of incentives for the participation of private companies under Art. 6.4 of the PA. The role of the Art. 6.4 mechanism on the way to a net zero emission world. The project provides a contribution to the general discussion in the EU as well as to the Article 6 - Negotiations under the UNFCCC. It is a contribution that presents backgrounds and interrelationships for individual questions concerning the design of the new market mechanisms under Article 6 and can thus contribute to a more informed decision-making process.Since there are, however, several different ways of designing a mechanism that can avoid double counting and provide incentives for increasing ambition, this project is only one of several current contributions to the international discussion.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 22
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    Emerging economies : potentials, pledges and fair shares of greenhouse gas reduction (2013)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: In this report we assess how ambitious emission reduction pledges of emerging economies are compared to business as usual emissions, the countries' mitigation potential and respective efforts based on different equity principles.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 23
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    Substantive implementation of article 29 of directive 2008/98/EC : scientific-technical foundation for a national waste prevention programme (2013)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Based on the European Waste Framework Directive and the German Recycling Management Act of 01.06.2012 the objectives for a national waste prevention programme were defined. As main objective, according to art. 1 WFD, the "prevention or reduction of the disadvantageous impacts of waste generation and management on the human health and the environment" is recommended. Indicators for a quantitative and qualitative monitoring are derived for both, the individual measures as well as for a waste prevention programme.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 24
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    How can the new climate agreement support robust national mitigation targets? : Opportunities up to Paris and beyond (2015)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: This report is a synthesis of the research and re-evaluates the options previously considered in this project (Vieweg et al (2014)) in the light of the negotiation process up to today. The mitigation-related design elements considered are: Participation and differentiation of countries; Types of commitments, including also the compulsory character of the commitments and time aspects; Guidance on ambition of the commitments to assure adequacy of global and individual countries' efforts; Transparency of commitments.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 25
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    Evaluation and development of recommendations on the CDM EB's Sustainable Development tool including the sustainability requirements of other flexible mechanisms (2016)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The research project seeks to identify the CDM SD tool's possible shortcomings, and to make structured recommendations on how to improve the EB's SD tool. Findings from this project are meant to have a lighthouse effect on the development of provisions on Sustainable Development within other carbon mechanisms of the UNFCCC and beyond. This report represents the consolidated findings of three work packages within this research project. The first chapter provides some background on the subject at hand, and leads into the report. The following chapter covers the assessment and comparison of the SD provisions of selected flexible mechanisms and multilateral standards.
    Keywords: ddc:320
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  • 26
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    Implementation of nationally determined contributions : Indonesia country report (2017)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of Indonesia under the UNFCCC. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials. Fields of mitigation assessed are land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) governance and monitoring as well as electricity demand and generation. A chapter is dedicated to the ongoing and planned increase in coal use - contrary to mitigation ambition in other fields - including an analysis of the economic role and local impacts of coal.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 27
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    Development of scientific and technical foundations for a national waste prevention programme (2012)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt | Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: In a new waste hierarchy the amended EU Waste Framework Directive (WFD) (2008/98/EG) confirmed the prevention of waste as a priority measure to protect the environment with regard to the production and handling of waste. Amongst others the Member States are requested to promote waste prevention. According to article 29 par. 1 WFD the prevention measures have to be planned in terms of waste prevention programmes to be created by the Member States until December 12th 2013. These prevention programmes are to describe existing waste prevention measures and set waste prevention goals. The progress is to be monitored and assessed by targeting appropriate, specific qualitative or quantitative benchmarks for adopted waste prevention measures. The programmes may be included in waste management plans or other environmental programmes. By the objectives and measures of prevention programmes the environmental impacts associated with generation of waste shall be decoupled from economic growth.
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 28
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    Climate change mitigation in emerging economies : from potentials to actions (2013)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
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    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: This report provides an overview of current activities regarding climate change mitigation in six emerging economies: Brazil, China, India, Mexico, South Africa and South Korea. We cover the institutional set up, measurement, reporting and verification systems for greenhouse gases and mitigation policies and measures. The analysis also addresses existing barriers to mitigation and considers where the international community could provide support to remove these.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 29
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    Further development of a concept for monitoring and reporting of the International Climate Initiative (ICI) (2014)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Based on a description of the starting position and the aim of the research project "Further development of a concept for monitoring and reporting of the International Climate Initiative (ICI)", this final report summarises the results generated in this endeavour. It also describes the key activities which were conducted to work out the results. In two years time, the project aimed to develop a scientifically sound and at the same time practical monitoring and reporting concept which should deliver information about the impacts of the ICI. It started from an initial analysis of the current ICI approach and of the monitoring and reporting approaches applied in other climate finance instruments.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 30
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    Final report of the project "Using standardized baselines (CDM) for achieving climate policy goals in developing countries (suppressed demand)" (2015)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Standardised Baselines (SBs) shall improve the opportunities for least developed countries and other underrepresented regions to participate in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). SBs allow for shifting the effort of developing baseline scenarios and additionality testing from the individual project to the sectoral level. This research project followed two separate approaches in order to gather experiences with the development of SBs and to contribute to the advancement of the SB regulatory framework. Under the first approach, an SB for rural electrification in Ethiopia was developed in cooperation with the Ethiopian Designated National Authority, which submitted the SB to the UNFCCC Secretariat. In the second part of the project, a scoping study assesses how SBs can be developed to cover complex integrated production processes. The Indonesian cement sector was chosen as case for this study.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Implementation of nationally determined contributions : Islamic Republic of Iran country report (2019)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The study analyses the country background, emissions trends, ongoing activities and barriers relating to the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) of the Islamic Republic of Iran under the UNFCCC. A special emphasis is laid on further mitigation potentials in the fields of demand-side efficiency through energy-price reform, upstream oil and gas efficiency (with an emphasis on gas flaring) and a sustainable energy mix (with an emphasis on renewable energies).
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Challenges of coal transitions : a comparative study on the status quo and future prospects of coal mining and coal use in Indonesia, Colombia and Viet Nam (2019)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: Today more than 45 % of all energy-related CO2 emissions come from burning coal. Thus, reducing CO2 emissions from coal use is a necessity for reaching the targets of the Paris Agreement. This will not only pose challenges for coal consumers (restructuring of the energy system), but also for countries whose economy is strongly depending on the production of coal. This paper examines the role of coal in three countries, which are or were in recent years among the top coal exporters: Indonesia, Colombia and Vietnam. Understanding challenges and possible transition pathways in these countries will help to develop global strategies to reduce CO2 emissions from coal in the short to mid-term.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    The challenges of assessing "collective progress" : design options for an effective global stocktake process under the UNFCCC ; final report (2021)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The Paris Agreement combines collective goals with individual countries' contributions. This hybrid approach does not guarantee that the individual contributions add up to what is required to meet the collective goals. The Paris Agreement therefore established the Global Stocktake. Its task is to "assess collective progress" towards achieving the long-term goals of the agreement as of 2023 and every five years thereafter. Corresponding to this role, this report addresses three questions: What should an effective Global Stocktake look like? What information and data are needed? Is it possible to execute an effective Global Stocktake within the mandate of the Paris Agreement?
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Urban environmental protection international : stock-taking and outlook ; final report (2021)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-18
    Description: The aim of this study is to contribute to a learning process about innovative and successful approaches to overcoming problems and challenges of urban environmental protection. To this end, a detailed overview of the importance of environmental challenges, political priorities and successful solutions in selected countries and cities is given. Based on this, the study analyzes specific success factors and discusses the extent to which these can be transferred and replicated to other cities. Finally, recommendations are made for cities, countries and the international community on how environmental protection at the urban level can be further strengthened. The role of German cities and institutions will also be discussed. The case studies analyzed include Belo Horizonte in Brazil, Moscow in Russia, Kochi in India, Beijing in China, Cape Town in South Africa and Jakarta in Indonesia. These cities were selected because they have already implemented successful policies, measures and other initiatives in the past. For each city, the study analyzes relevant policy documents in order to present the respective challenges and political priorities. The analysis aims to understand the effectiveness of the plans and instruments taking into account the national political environment. Despite the cross-sectoral approach, the analysis of each case study focuses on specific sectors in order to produce well-founded results. The success factors that are worked out based on this sectoral analysis are placed in a holistic context in order to be able to make generalizable statements about success factors.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Potentials for offset approaches in selected sectors post 2020 (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-15
    Description: This report develops an evaluation framework that policymakers can use to identify whether offsets can add value and uphold environmental integrity of a compliance scheme. It uses a scoring framework on factors to: (1) identify which sectors have hard-to-abate emissions that can justify demanding offsets as cost-containment measures for ambitious climate policies; and (2) identify mitigation activities that are otherwise inaccessible, fosters sustainable development, and the extent to which it enables transformative sectoral action to be eligible to supply offsets. This evaluation framework identifies the optimal conditions that make factors successful in either having sectors demand offsets, or specific mitigation activities supply offsets. Sectoral emissions that are hard-to-abate are those that are technically unavoidable due to a lack and maturity of technologies, and therefore should be allowed to have cost-containment measures - such as offsets - to avoid adverse economic ramifications such as carbon leakage. Mitigation activities that can supply offsets are those that are currently inaccessible to local actor’s due to lack of access to technology, finance or capabilities. Allowing these mitigation activities to be eligible to supply offsets allows to pilot such activities and realize mitigation outcomes outside the original scope of the compliance scheme. This report has chosen selected sectors and mitigation activities to illustrate how this framework can be applied at the global level. It recognizes that country-specific factors can change the assessment of whether the offset approach will add value and uphold environmental integrity to proposed compliance schemes of a country. The report further proposes practical steps policymakers can do to undertake an evaluation at the national level.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Suitability and success factors of offsets post-2020 (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-15
    Description: Offsetting enables countries and companies to meet part of their climate change mitigation obligations by using mitigation outcomes generated elsewhere - in lieu of own emission reductions. This report explores the future role of offset approaches and how they could be successfully integrated into a post-2020 climate regime by focusing both the supply and demand side. For this purpose, the report develops a conceptual approach that derives a normative vision of what should be considered a successful offset use in a top-down manner to then link this vision to specific factors on the ground in sectors and jurisdictions where offsets will be generated and used. It explores how these factors influence the successful operationalisation of the offset approach and how they can inform its design. In addition, the report also explores six conceptual design aspects to providing recommendations on how to take these factors into account during the design of the offset approach. Based on these findings, the authors derive overarching policy recommendations on the integration of offsets into carbon pricing schemes.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Offset approaches in existing compliance mechanisms : adding value and upholding environmental integrity? (2022)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-08-15
    Description: The objective of this report is to use historical analysis to identify conditions that determine when offsets add value to compliance schemes while upholding environmental integrity. The indicators of success include: increased acceptance of introducing compliance schemes; raising ambition in subsequent compliance periods; the possibility to drive emission reductions outside the compliance sectors; promoting investments in sustainable development; and avoiding perverse incentives that undermine the stringency of the compliance scheme or compliance actors’ efforts in reducing their own emissions. Through undertaking in-depth case study analyzes on the effects of offsets in the European Union, Alberta, Australia, Colombia and Japan, the report identifies common conditions that explain why offsets were successful (or not) in achieving individual indicators. The report further identifies two common conditions that can help explain when offsets achieve all five indicators of success. The first is that policymakers need to be willing to design the compliance scheme to set and maintain a strong compliance price signal that justifies the need for incorporating cost containment measures, such as offsets, to avert negative political and economic ramifications. Relatedly, the second condition requires institutions, processes and infrastructure that govern both the compliance scheme and offsets to be well developed so that they can ensure offsets uphold the principles of environmental integrity, achieve sustainable development benefits, and act as a reliable cost containment measure to high compliance prices. The findings also highlight how difficult it is to achieve both conditions, as both domestic and international political economy factors determine whether policymakers and voters are willing to introduce and maintain compliance schemes that deliver effective action on climate.
    Keywords: ddc:320
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    Biological lectures delivered at the Marine Biological Laboratory of Wood's Holl in the summer session of 1895 (2012)
    Ginn & Co. | Biodiversity Heritage Library
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Biological lectures given at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole in the summer of 1895
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Biology ; Publications
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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    Biological lectures delivered at the Marine Biological Laboratory of Wood's Holl in the summer session of 1893 (2012)
    Ginn & Co. | Biodiversity Heritage Library
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Biological lectures given at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole in the summer of 1893
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Biology ; Publications
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    Biological lectures delivered at the Marine Biological Laboratory of Wood's Holl in the summer session of 1890 (2012)
    Ginn & Co. | Biodiversity Heritage Library
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Biological lectures given at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole in the summer of 1890
    Description: Preface -- Specialization and organization, companion principles of all progress. The most important need of american biology, by C.O. Whitman -- Naturalist's occupation: 1. general survey. 2. a special problem, by C.O. Whitman -- Some problems of Annelid morphology, by E.B. Wilson -- Gastraea theory and its successors, by J.P. McMurrich -- Weismann and Maupas on the origin of death, by Edward G. Gardiner -- Evolution and heredity, by Henry Fairfield Osborn -- Relationships of the sea-spiders, by T.H. Morgon -- On caryokinesis, by S. Watase -- Ear of man: its past, present and future, by Howard Ayers -- Study of Ocean temperatures and currents, by William Libbey, Jr.
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Biology ; Publications
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    Biological lectures delivered at the Marine Biological Laboratory of Wood's Holl in the summer session of 1894 (2012)
    Ginn & Co. | Biodiversity Heritage Library
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Biological lectures given at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole in the summer of 1894
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Biology ; Publications
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    Biological lectures from the Marine Biological Laboratory of Woods Holl, 1899 (2012)
    Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass.) | Biodiversity Heritage Library
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Biological lectures given at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole in the summer of 1899
    Description: Evolution of the sporophyte in the higher plants, by Douglas Houghton Campbell -- Nature of the evidence exhibited by fossil plants, and its bearing upon our knowledge of the history of plant life, by D.P. Penhallow -- Influence of inversions of temperature, ascending and descending currents of air, upon distribution, by D.T. MacDougal -- Significance of mycorrhizas, by D.T. MacDougal -- Instinct, by Edward Thorndike -- Associative processes in animals, by Edward Thorndike -- Behavior of unicellular organisms, by Herbert S. Jennings -- Blind-fishes, by Carl H. Eigenmann -- Some governing factors usually neglected in biological investigations, by Alpheus Hyatt -- On the development of color in moths and butterflies, by Alfred Goldsborough Mayer -- Physiology of secretion, by A. Mathews -- Regeneration: old and new interpretations, by T.H. Morgan -- Nuclear division in protozoa, by Gary N. Calkins -- Significance of the spiral type of cleavage and its relation to the process of differentiation, by C.M. Child -- Aims of the quantitative study of variation, by C.B. Davenport -- On the nature of the process of fertilization, by Jacques Loeb
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Biology ; Publications
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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    Biological lectures delivered at the Marine Biological Laboratory of Wood's Holl, 1896-1897 (2012)
    Ginn & Co. | Biodiversity Heritage Library
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Biological lectures given at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole in the summer of 1896-1897
    Description: Variations and mutations of the introduced sparrow. Passer domesticus, by Hermon C. Bumpus -- Cleavage and differentiation, by E.G. Conklin -- Centrosomes of the fertilized egg of Allolobophora foetida, by Katharine Foot -- Methods of palacontological inquiry, by W.B. Scott -- Physiology of excretion, by Arnold Graf -- Some neural terms, by Burt G. Wilder -- Classification of the North American Taxaccae and Coniferae on the basis of the stem structre, by D.P. Penhallow -- Selection of plant types for the general biology ccourse, by James Ellis Humphrey -- Rate of Cell-division and the function of the centrosome, by A.D. Mead -- Coalescence experiments upon the Lepidoptera, by Henry E. Crampton, Jr. -- Some of the functions and features of a biological station, by C.O. Whitman
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Biology ; Publications
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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    Biological lectures from the Marine Biological Laboratory Wood's Holl, Mass., 1898 (2012)
    Ginn & Co. | Biodiversity Heritage Library
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-12
    Description: Biological lectures given at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole in the summer of 1898
    Description: Publications
    Keywords: Biology ; Publications
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Language: English
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    Using article 6.2 to foster ambition : how Germany could use the cooperative approaches of the Paris Agreement to raise climate ambition (2023)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Methods and standards for assessing the repairability of electrical and electronic devices : strengthening material efficiency under the Ecodesign Directive ; final report (2023)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Keywords: ddc:600
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 47
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    Analysis of the role of article 6 in parties' NDCs : fact sheet (2024)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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  • 48
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    Options for the political phase of the global stocktake : discussion paper (2023)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: workingpaper , doc-type:workingPaper
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    Addressing equity in the global stocktake : discussion paper (2023)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Transformative mitigation actions as an outcome of the Global Stocktake : discussion paper (2023)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Opportunities and limits of recycling in the context of the circular economy : framework conditions, requirements, and recommendations for action (2023)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
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    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    How can the echo of the Global Stocktake be leveraged for enhanced climate action? : Discussion paper (2023)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Description: Analyzing previous international and national policy processes, the study offers recommendations for leveraging the Global Stocktake's (GST) outcomes for national climate action, especially for Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts to ensure the results of the GST influence national political discourse. It proposes communication strategies tailored to the different stages of the NDC policy process and diverse target audiences. The paper advocates for a nuanced and strategic approach to communication and emphasizes the importance of legitimacy and complexity in engaging stakeholders at different levels of decision-making.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    How can the Global Stocktake be leveraged for enhanced climate action? : Discussion paper (2024)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-08
    Description: The study analyses strategies and offers recommendations for leveraging the Global Stocktake's (GST) outcomes for national climate action, especially for Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). It emphasizes the need for coordinated efforts to ensure the results of the GST influence national political discourse. It proposes communication strategies tailored to the different stages of the NDC policy process and diverse target audiences. Drawing on a wide range of examples, the paper advocates for a nuanced and strategic approach to communication and emphasizes the importance of legitimacy and complexity in engaging stakeholders at different levels of decision-making.
    Keywords: ddc:320
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
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    Infrared-Spectrometry on Cutting Samples of the KTB Main Hole (Drill Section HB1), 7-5590 m. (2010)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-13
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Infrared-Spectrometry on Cutting Samples of the KTB Main Hole (Drill Section HB1), 7-5590 m.
    Keywords: German Continental Deep Drilling Program ; Land based ; CO2 ; H2O ; infrared spectrometry ; total carbon
    Language: English
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    DATA GFZ
  • 55
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    XRD of Cuttings of the KTB Pilot Hole HB1 (2010)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-13
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
    Keywords: German Continental Deep Drilling Program ; Land based ; Accessories ; Al2SiO5 ; Amphiboles ; Biotites ; Carbonates ; Chlorite ; Clinopyroxene ; Date of Sampling ; Epidote ; Garnet ; Olivine ; Orthopyroxene ; Oxyde Ores ; Plagioclases ; Potassium Feldspars ; Quartz ; Serpentine ; Spinels ; Sulfidic Ores ; White Mica ; X-ray diffraction ; Zeolite
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 60459 DataPoints
    Format: text/tab-separated-values
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  • 56
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    δ13C(organic), C/N mass ratios and %TOC for Continent Ridge core CON01-603-5 (2006)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-16
    Description: Abstract
    Description: C/N mass ratios remain constant throughout MIS 3 and into MIS 2, with values between 6.3 and 8.9, indicating no significant terrestrial input of organic matter (Fig. 3). Low %TOC values during the interstadial increase from 0.4 to 0.7 between 57.8 and 43.7 kyr BP with a concurrent gradual increase in δ13C(organic) amid oscillations between −23.2‰ and −26.1‰ (Fig. 3). %TOC falls to 0.4 between 40.9 and 39.4 kyr BP whereas δ13C(organic) remains high at c. 24‰ with a peak value of −23.6‰ at 39.4 kyr BP. The subsequent two-stage increase in %TOC from 39 to 37.9 kyr BP and between 37.3 and 36.9 kyr BP is marked by a period of δ13C(organic) lowering to c. −26.6‰ before δ13C(organic) increases after 37.9 kyr BP to −24.8‰, values comparable to those prior to the %TOC decline at 40.9 kyr BP.
    Keywords: Vereshchagin Long Cores Expedition 2001 ; R/V Vereshchagin ; δ13C ; age (calendar years) ; AMS ; calculation ; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio ; correlation of paleointensity records ; total organic carbon ; AMS
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 400 Datapoints
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    DATA GFZ
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    Intercorrelation of down-core variations of the high-resolution magnetic susceptibility for CON01-603 and CON01-605 (2006)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-13
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Down-core variations of the high-resolution magnetic susceptibility (0.1 cm steps)have been obtained for kasten and pilot cores from sites CON01-603 and CON01-605. This allowed the transfer of AMS 14C dating performed on kasten cores to the performed on kasten cores to the pilot cores subjected to paleomagnetic investigations. Note the discrepancies in the magnetic susceptibility curves from the pilot core from site CON 01-605 (Vydrino Shoulder) measured in 2001 and 2003, respectively (right). Several large peaks visible in the first measurement from 2001 (dashed lines) disappeared after a 2-year-long storage. This is a first hint for the presence the ferromagnetic, chemically unstable greigite.
    Keywords: Vereshchagin Long Cores Expedition 2001 ; R/V Vereshchagin ; magnetic susceptibility ; loop sensor
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
    Format: 9666 Datapoints
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    DATA GFZ
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    Amphibious passive seismic recordings on and around Muostakh Island (Laptev Sea, Russia) in August/September 2013 - Datasets (2015)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-29
    Description: Abstract
    Description: In August and September 2013, 17 shallow ocean bottom seismograph (S-OBS) stations and 8 land stations had been deployed on and around Muostakh Island (Laptev Sea, Russia) for a time period of 24 days. The specifically designed underwater recording equipment consists of a low-power digital recorder, a standard 4.5Hz 3-component geophone, and a battery pack. These components are enclosed in a watertight cylindrical container safe for operation down to 100m water depth. Land stations were also equipped with 4.5 Hz 1C-geophones as well as with batteries. All instruments recorded continuously with 200 samples per second (sps). The stations were deployed along two profiles covering a region of 8km x 8 km. The tilt of the geophone inside the S-OBS influences the sensor characteristics. Since the orientation and tilt at the ocean bottom was unknown, approximately every 24 hours a calibration signal (a sequence of step-functions) was applied to the sensors of the ocean stations. This might be used to recover the actual sensor characteristics (eigenfrequency and damping). The dataset contains 1) a info-folder with a) a README file; b) a file containing the times when calibration signals occurred (format: recorder_ID - date - time); c) the station table (ASCII; recorder_ID - latitude - longitude - (water)depth); d) a map of the region with the locations of the stations; 2) raw CUBE-formatted data; 3) converted mini-seed-formatted data (hourly files).
    Keywords: Seismology ; Laptev Sea (Russia) ; Cryosphere ; Solid Earth ; Permafrost
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , temporary seismological network
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  • 59
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    Dead Sea Seismic Array, Jordan for DESERVE Project (Feb. 2014 - Feb. 2015) - Datasets (2016)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-11-29
    Description: Abstract
    Description: A temporary seismic array was installed in combination with a meteorological station in the Dead Sea valley, Jordan. Within the scope of the HGF virtual institute DESERVE we operated 15 temporary seismic stations between February 2014 and February 2015 together with a nearby meteorological station close to the east coast of the Dead Sea. The main aim was to acquire data to study the influence of wind on seismic records and retrieve related meteorological parameters. The study area is scarcely populated and has ideal meteorological conditions to study periodically occurring winds.
    Keywords: Seismology ; Array ; Noise ; Wind
    Language: English
    Type: Dataset , controlled source data
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  • 60
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    Research Data Management. A Guide for Researchers [Research Data Working Group in the Priority Initiative “Digital Information” of the Alliance of German Science Organisations] (2018)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This document is intended to provide basic guidance to researchers who work with digital data as well as all stakeholders with an interest in this issue and also provides advice on sources of further information. It was prepared by the Research Data Working Group in the Priority Initiative “Digital Information” of the Alliance of German Science Organisations.
    Language: English
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    Updating ESA’s Earth System Model for Gravity Mission Simulation Studies : 1. Model Description and Validation (2014)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The ability of any satellite gravity mission concept to monitor mass transport processes in the Earth system is typically tested well ahead of its implementation by means of various simulation studies. Those studies often extend from the simulation of realistic orbits and instrumental data all the way down to the retrieval of global gravity field solution time-series. Basic requirement for all these simulations are realistic representations of the spatio-temporal mass variability in the different sub-systems of the Earth, as a source model for the orbit computations. For such simulations, a suitable source model is required to represent (i) high-frequency (i.e., subdaily to weekly) mass variability in the atmosphere and oceans, in order to realistically include the effects of temporal aliasing due to non-tidal high-frequency mass variability into the retrieved gravity fields. In parallel, (ii) low-frequency (i.e., monthly to interannual) variability needs to be modelled with realistic amplitudes, particularly at small spatial scales, in order to assess to what extent a new mission concept might provide further insight into physical processes currently not observable. The new source model documented here attempts to fulfil both requirements: Based on ECMWF’s recent atmospheric reanalysis ERA-Interim and corresponding simulations from numerical models of the other Earth system components, it offers spherical harmonic coefficients of the time-variable global gravity field due to mass variability in atmosphere, oceans, the terrestrial hydrosphere including the ice-sheets and glaciers, as well as the solid Earth. Simulated features range from sub-daily to multiyear periods with a spatial resolution of spherical harmonics degree and order 180 over a period of 12 years. In addition to the source model, a de-aliasing model for atmospheric and oceanic high-frequency variability with augmented systematic and random noise is required for a realistic simulation of the gravity field retrieval process, whose necessary error characteristics are discussed. The documentation of the updated ESA Earth System Model (updated ESM) for gravity mission simulation studies is organized as follows: The characteristics of the updated ESM along with some basic validation is presented in Volume 1. A detailed comparison to the original ESA ESM (Gruber et al., 2011) is provided in Volume 2, while Volume 3 contains the description of a strategy to derive realistic errors for the de-aliasing model of high-frequency mass variability in atmosphere and ocean.
    Language: English
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    GPS meteorology with single frequency receivers (2012)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: [...] In this thesis it is shown that the epoch-differenced ionospheric delay correction is sufficient for estimating the tropospheric delay, e.g., the Zenith Total Delay (ZTD), from SF GPS data. Based on this result, the Satellite-specific Epoch-differenced Ionospheric Delay model (SEID) was developed. In the SEID model the ionospheric corrections for SF data are generated from the observations of surrounding reference stations equipped with DF receivers. With the derived ionospheric corrections and the SF data, pseudo L2 data are generated, which can be processed using existing GPS processing software packages without any changes. [...]
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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    Earthquake model for the European-Mediterranean Region for the purpose of GEM1 (2010)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The seismicity data file used for this study is represented by the earthquake catalogue CENEC for Europe north of 44°N (Grünthal et al. 2009a). This paper describes in detail how this homogeneous data file in terms of moment magnitudes Mw (with Mw greater than 3.5) has been derived. The degree of harmonization achieved in CENEC is quantitatively analysed in Grünthal et al. (2009b).
    Language: English
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    MINAS, temporary MINi ArrayS within the frame of IPOC (2014)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR - Data
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The integrated plate boundary in Chile (IPOC) combines 15 broadband stations with strong-motion sensors, GPS, strain sensors and magneto-telluric stations. The Chilean subduction zone setting provides a high background rate of seismicity (crustal, intermediate depth, and plate interface) in a region with exceptionally low ambient noise, particularly at higher frequencies. We have deployed seismic mini-arrays in the vicinity of IPOC stations PB02 and PB07, and installed a third array to the east of these stations near the village of Quillagua, such that all three arrays form a triangle. Each array has 10 elements and an aperture in the km range. The study area lies just to the north of the northern boundary of the rupture area of the Tocopilla earthquake of 2007 Mw=7.7) and just above or slightly to the east of the downdip limit of plate interface seismicity. Installing the mini-arrays in the area of the existing IPOC has the following advantages: • Independent knowledge of background structure and seismicity from existing and ongoing studies. • Should any transients or other unusual signals be found in the array data, we can look for anomalous signals in geodetic and MT recordings, which will help to narrow down possible underlying mechanisms.
    Language: English
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    Definition of functionals of the geopotential and their calculation from spherical harmonic models : theory and formulas used by the calculation service of the International Centre for Global Earth Models (ICGEM), http://icgem.gfz-potsdam.de (2009)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The intention of this article is to present the definitions of different functionals of the Earth's gravity field and possibilities for their approximative calculation from a mathematical representation of the outer potential. [...] More or less, what is compiled here is well-known in physical geodesy but distributed over a lot of articles and books which are not cited here. In the first instance this text is targeted at non-geodesists and it should be "stand-alone readable".
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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    Research Data Vision 2025: One Step Closer A Discussion Paper by the Research Data Working Group (2018)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
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  • 67
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    Analysis of element behavior in mylonites of the Seve Nappe of the Scandinavian Caledonides using different core scanning methods (2016)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) performed a dual-phase scientific drilling project to investigate mountain-building processes called Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC). The borehole COSC-1 was drilled through the Lower Seve Nappe, as the first of two 2.5 km deep drill holes close to Åre, central Sweden. The recovered rocks comprise a 1650 m thick suite of high grade gneisses and amphibolites with clear Seve Nappe affinities, while the lower 850 m comprise rather homogenous mylonitic gneisses with interfingered K-rich phyllonite bands of cm to several m size and some intercalated amphibolites. The different lithologies all crosscut the core in a subhorizontal direction with foliation of gneisses and phyllonites in the same direction. Albite and garnet porphyroblasts with pressure shadows show syn-deformational growth and the same sub-horizontal alignment. The focus of this thesis is to detect chemical and mineralogical differences in mylonitic and host rocks and to relate these differences to either metasomatism and deformation or inherited source rock variance. Another goal of this work is to compare chemical core scanning instruments. For this purpose two different μ-Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (μ-EDXRF), Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and hyperspectral imaging techniques served to measure seven samples from the lower 850 m of the COSC-1 core. The measurements reveal sharp borders between different rock types without indication of metasomatic changes, pointing to a heterogeneous protolith such as greywacke. Element and mineral maps show strong pervasive ductile deformation with mylonite recrystallization. The comparison of the scanning devices shows that the μ-EDXRF scanner with 50 μm resolution can be used perfectly for microstructural investigations and heavy element analysis. The XRF core scanner from AVAATECH is very useful and sufficiently precise for element profiles of line scans. The LIBS scanner is great to create distribution maps of elements from H to U with a resolution of 200 μm. The hyperspectral cameras are extremely fast in acquiring spectral mineral maps and structural information. However, several rock forming minerals in gneisses can currently not be identified and a calibration for metamorphic rocks is still needed.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
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    Granites of the Erzgebirge : relation of magmatism to the metamorphic and tectonic evolution of the Variscan Orogen ; guidebook to Eurogranites 2012 fieldtrip October 7 to October 13, 2012 (2012)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The guidebook contains a thematic description an background information for each field day. The overall setting and development of the Saxo-Thuringian zone within the Variscan orogen is presented in Kroner and Romer (2010). This material is not included in this guide book (because of copyright reasons) and will be handed out to field trip participants as separate handout.
    Language: English
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    Radio holographic methods for atmospheric, ionospheric and stratospheric waves : final report of a research contract between the Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IRE RAS), Moscow and GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam (GFZ) (2004)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The final report contains a description of the results obtained within a research contract between IRE RAS and GFZ Potsdam during the period April-November 2004. The objectives of investigation included (1) the radio-holographic methods for obtaining vertical profiles of the vertical gradients of physical parameters in the atmosphere, (2) radio holographic methods for atmospheric, ionospheric and stratospheric waves, and (3) validation of the software with GPS/MET (GPS/METeorology, e.g., Rocken et al. 1997) and CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload, e.g., Reigber et al. 2005) data and final report with recommendations.
    Language: English
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    Geological Conditions and Capacities (2012)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Geologische Speicherung von CO2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-30
    Description: Film 2: "Geological Conditions and Capacities" (Length 06:00) "Porous rocks with good permeability have, in Germany and world-wide, the highest potential for geological CO2 storage. ..." Where do these rocks occur? And which further criteria need potential CO2 storage sites to meet? Production Year: 2010-2012
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/other
    Format: video/mpeg
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    Boron as a tracer for material transfer in subduction zones (2004)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Late Miocene to Quaternary volcanic rocks from the frontal arc to the back-arc region of the Central Volcanic Zone in the Andes show a wide range of delta 11B values (+4 to -7 ‰) and boron concentrations (6 to 60 ppm). Positive delta 11B values of samples from the volcanic front indicate involvement of a 11B-enriched slab component, most likely derived from altered oceanic crust, despite the thick Andean continental lithosphere, and rule out a pure crust-mantle origin for these lavas. The delta 11B values and B concentrations in the lavas decrease systematically with increasing depth of the Wadati-Benioff Zone. This across-arc variation in delta 11B values and decreasing B/Nb ratios from the arc to the back-arc samples are attributed to the combined effects of B-isotope fractionation during progressive dehydration in the slab and a steady decrease in slab-fluid flux towards the back arc, coupled with a relatively constant degree of crustal contamination as indicated by similar Sr, Nd and Pb isotope ratios in all samples. Modelling of fluid-mineral B-isotope fractionation as a function of temperature fits the across-arc variation in delta 11B and we conclude that the B-isotope composition of arc volcanics is dominated by changing delta 11B composition of B-rich slab-fluids during progressive dehydration. Crustal contamination becomes more important towards the back-arc due to the decrease in slab-derived fluid flux. Because of this isotope fractionation effect, high delta 11B signatures in volcanic arcs need not necessarily reflect differences in the initial composition of the subducting slab. Three-component mixing calculations for slab-derived fluid, the mantle wedge and the continental crust based on B, Sr and Nd isotope data indicate that the slab-fluid component dominates the B composition of the fertile mantle and that the primary arc magmas were contaminated by an average addition of 15 to 30 % crustal material.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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  • 72
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    Proceedings of the DENDROSYMPOSIUM 2010 : April 22nd - 25th, 2010 in Freiburg, Germany (2011)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The 9th TRACE conference (Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology) was organized by the Institute for Forest Growth, University of Freiburg, on April 22nd – 25th 2010 in Freiburg, Germany. [...] This volume of TRACE Proceedings contains 26 short papers and gives an overview of the wide spectrum of fields in tree-ring research.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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    Report on the Survey of Digital Data Management Practices at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (2019)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The GeoDataNode project, funded by the Federal Ministry for Research and Education (BMBF) conducted a survey of data management practices at GFZ. The aim was to assess the state of current practices and needs, and their alignment to institutional and national guidelines for data management. The target audience included scientific and technical employees at all levels. A response rate of 24% of the target demographic was achieved. The survey revealed a general need for improvement and structuring of research data handling. This includes provision of adequate storage space, back-up schedules, and the familiarization of young researchers with good scientific practice.
    Language: English
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  • 74
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    A high resolution global gravity field model combining CHAMP and GRACE satellite mission and surface data: EIGEN-CG01C (2006)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The striking improvements in long- to medium-wavelengths gravity field recovery achieved with GPS-CHAMP and GPS-GRACE high-low and GRACE K-band range low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking prompted us to combine the satellite data with surface data from altimetry over the oceans and gravimetry over the continents to generate a new, high resolution global gravity field model: EIGEN-CG01C. The model is complete to degree/order 360 in terms of spherical harmonics and resolves half-wavelengths of 55 km in the geoid and gravity anomaly fields. A special band-limited combination method has been applied in order to preserve the high accuracy from the satellite data in the lower frequency band of the geopotential and to allow for a smooth transition to the high-frequency band, dominated by the surface data. Compared to pre-CHAMP/GRACE global high-resolution gravity field models, the accuracy was improved by one order of magnitude to 4 cm and 0.5 mgal in terms of geoid heights and gravity anomalies, respectively, at a spatial resolution of 200 km half-wavelength. The overall accuracy at degree/order 360 is estimated to be 20 cm and 5 mgal, respectively, and benefits significantly from recently released new gravity anomaly compilations over the polar regions. In general, the accuracy over the oceans is better than over the continents reflecting the higher quality of the available surface data.
    Language: English
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  • 75
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    Ketzin Pilot Site (2012)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Geologische Speicherung von CO2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Film 5: "Ketzin Pilot Site" (Length 05:05) "At the Ketzin pilot site in Brandenburg, Germany, CO2 has been injected into an underground storage formation since June, 2008. ...". The monitoring methods used at the pilot site Ketzin are among the most comprehensive in the field of CO2 storage worldwide. Important is the combination of different monitoring methods, each with different temporal and spatial resolutions. Which methods are used? And what have we already learned? Production Year: 2011-2012
    Language: English
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    Thermal properties of gas-hydrate-bearing sediments and effects of phase transitions on the transport of heat deduced from temperature logging at Mallik, NWT, Canada (2005)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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  • 77
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    Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Vanuatu (2005)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The purpose of this study is to refine the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment for Vanuatu. The analysis is complicated by inconsistencies of the global and local data for the investigated region and systematic inadequacies of the attenuation relation available. An additional aspect in the field of which more research would be desirable is the de-clustering algorithm for the identification of dependent earthquakes. In order to quantify the inevitable uncertainties associated with our results, we used a Logic Tree approach. The report is subdivided into seven chapters. Chapter 2 summarises the geology and tectonic setting of the Vanuatu island arc. Prior scientific investigations will be sketched briefly and to the degree to which they are relevant for our further considerations. The consecutive Chapter 3 describes the different data sources used for the calculations. Together, the local earthquake catalogue provided by the IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le D´eveloppement) and the global catalogues constitute a comprehensive data base for the region. The homogenisation of different catalogues required the conversion of magnitudes through maximum likelihood regressions. Chapter 4 gives a brief overview over the methodological concept applied. The implementation of the Cornell methodology involves two key steps: The first step is to construct a seismicity model (Chapter 5) including the definition of source zones and seismicity parameters characterising the level and type of activity in the respective zone. The second step is to determine an appropriate attenuation relation for the earthquake-generated ground motion in dependence of magnitude and distance. Chapter 6 compares several attenuation relations from the recent geophysical literature. We argue that the modeling of attenuation is the weakest link in this analysis and the major source of uncertainty. The new seismic hazard maps are presented and discussed in Chapter 7. The map that we consider to be the most relevant is also shown on the inner title page of this report. Our findings indicate that the seismic hazard in Vanuatu has been underestimated by prior assessments such as the Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Programme GSHAP (cf. Fig. 1.1).
    Language: English
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    MFGsoft (Multi-Functional GPS/(Galileo) Software) : software user manual ; Version of 2004 (2004)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-25
    Description: This manual outlines the characteristics and structure of the software and describes how to use the software. The principles and new features are outlined systematically and referred partly to existing references. Numerical examples of multi-functions and internal tests as well as external comparisons are given.
    Language: English
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    A reanalysis and reinterpretation of geodetic and geological evidence of glacial-isostatic adjustment in the Churchill region, Hudson Bay (2004)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-28
    Description: We review the historical, geological, tide-gauge, GPS and gravimetric evidence advanced in favour of or against continuing land uplift around Hudson Bay, Canada. After this, we reanalyse the tide-gauge and GPS data for Churchill using longer time series than those available to previous investigators. The dependence of the mean rate of relative sea-level change obtained on the length and mid-epoch of the observation interval considered is investigated by means of the newly developed linear-trend analysis diagram. For studying the shorter-period variability of the tide-gauge record, the continuous-wavelet transform is used. The mean rate of land uplift obtained from GPS is based on a new analysis using IGS solutions of GFZ. Furthermore, sea-level indicators from the Churchill region representing the relative sea-level history during the past 8000 a are included. Finally, the four types of observable are jointly inverted in terms of mantle viscosity. The optimum values are 3×10^20 Pa s and 1.6 × 10^22 Pa s for the upper- and lower-mantle viscosities, respectively.
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    Comparison of vertical refractivity and temperature profiles from CHAMP with radiosonde measurements (2004)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-25
    Description: This report is also published as Scientific Report No. 04-9 of the Danish Meteorological Institute.
    Language: English
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    Seismic structure of the central Andean subduction zone from local earthquake data (2001)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-08-08
    Description: In this thesis the subduction zone of the Central Andes is studied. The Andes have formed in a complex interplay of subduction related and tectonic processes. The Central Andes with the associated Altiplano-Puna high plateau constitute the second largest continental land-mass on earth, rivaled only by the Tibetan highland. Whereas in the case of the Himalayas , where two buoyant continental plates collide, crustal thickening and uplift is quite intuitive, processes leading to formation of a plateau above a subduction zone are puzzling.
    Language: English
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    LISPWAL : Lithospheric structure of the Namibian Continental passive margin at the intersection with the Walvis Ridge from amphibious seismic investigations ; November 2010 - January 2011 Namibia (2014)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report - Data | GIPP Experiment- and Data Archive
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Passive continental margins offer the unique opportunity to study the processes involved in continental extension and break up as well as the role of hot-spot related magmatism. We conducted combined on- and offshore seismic experiments in Northern Namibia designed to characterize the Southern African passive margin at the interaction with the Walvis Ridge, to assess the interaction of the presumed plume with continental lithosphere and to determine the deep structure of the transition from the coastal fold belt to the stable craton, where the Walvis Ridge hits the African continent. The seismic project integrated three experiments, (A) an onshore, coast-parallel refraction seismic profile, (B) two onshore-offshore wide-angle seismic transects, and (C) a combined on- and offshore seismic experiment to image the sub-Moho velocity (Pn tomography) at the ocean-continent transition (Fig. 1). The knowledge of the lithospheric structure of the margin together with results from other geoscientific studies (e.g., conducted within the SPPSAMPLE, DFG Priority Program 1375, South Atlantic Margin Processes and Links with onshore Evolution) will help to address fundamental questions such as, how continental crust and plume head interact, what the extent and volumes of magmatic underplating is, and how and which inherited (continental) structures might have been involved and utilized in the break-up process.
    Language: English
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    Spatial and temporal variability of the contemporary crustal stress pattern of the earth (2011)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Techncial Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This thesis summarizes the results of the WSM project’s second phase (1996‐2008). In particular it presents the major achievements that have been accomplished with the WSM 2008 database release that has been compiled under the guidance of the author. Furthermore, the thesis briefly presents three of the author’s numerical models that aim at quantification the temporal changes of the crustal stress field.
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    Proceedings of the DENDROSYMPOSIUM 2013 : May 8th - 11th, 2013 in Viterbo, Italy (2014)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This publication is a result of the 12th TRACE conference (Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology) organized by the Department of Agriculture, Forests, Nature and Energy (DAFNE) of the Università della Tuscia (Viterbo, Italy) on May 08th – 11th 2013 in Viterbo, Italy. [...] A total of 20 manuscripts were submitted. After review 19 short papers are published in this volume, giving an overview of the wide spectrum of fields in tree-ring research.
    Language: English
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    INTIMATE INTegrating Ice core, MArine and TErrestrial records : towards high-precision chronologies ; abstracts volume INTIMATE Workshop funded by EU COST Action ES0907 ; Potsdam, Germany February 7-9, 2011 (2011)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Techncial Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
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  • 86
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    Mechanical and Hydraulic Aspects of Rock-Proppant Systems : Laboratory Experiments and Modelling Approaches (2011)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: [...] In context of this work, a new damage mechanism is proposed: the mechanically induced fracture face skin. This new mechanism results from mechanical interactions between the proppants and the reservoir rock, due to the increasing stress on the rock-proppant system during production. Proppant embedment into the fracture face and proppant crushing leads to fines production and can impair the fracture performance. In order to achieve sustainable, longterm productivity from a reservoir, it is indispensable to understand the hydraulic and mechanical interactions in the rock-proppant system. In order to analyse the hydraulic and mechanical interactions, laboratory experiments using three different flow cells were conducted. These flow cells were used to localise and quantify the mechanical damage at the fracture face, as well as to investigate the long-term stability of a rock-proppant system under in-situ reservoir conditions. [...]
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
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  • 87
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    Lithospheric and upper mantle structure beneath the western Bohemian Massif obtained from teleseismic P and S receiver functions (2006)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This thesis focuses on the seismic structure of the lithosphere and upper mantle beneath the western Eger Rift area with the aim of investigating deep-lying possible causes of the phenomena observed at surface. For the investigation, data of the international passive seismic experiment BOHEMA carried out in 2002/2003 was used. The BOHEMA network consisted of 61 permanent and 84 temporary stations and was centred on the western Eger Rift. The resulting large data set allowed a high resolution P and S receiver function study using P-to-S and S-to-P converted waves, respectively, to map seismic discontinuities in the lithosphere and upper mantle. Data from an earlier passive seismic experiment was additionally used to complement the BOHEMA data set. The results of the analysis are described in this thesis ‘from top to bottom’. [...] Furthermore, the first map of average crustal vp/vs ratios is presented for the investigated area.
    Language: English
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  • 88
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    RIMAX - Risikomanagement extremer Hochwasserereignisse (2007)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: German , English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book
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  • 89
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    Modelling the earth's magnetic field of magnetospheric origin from CHAMP data (2004)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: As observed on the Earth's surface, the magnetic field can be separated into three components: The "Main Field", the "Crustal Field" and the "External Magnetic Field". This work concentrates on the magnetospheric current systems, in order to correct the effect of large-scale magnetospheric current systems. Their exact knowledge is vital to improve the main field and secular variation models. Spherical harmonic analysis (SHA) is commonly used to describe the magnetic field. In SHA it is possible to distinguish between internal and external contributions to the Earth's magnetic field. The spherical harmonic coefficients describe dipolar, quadrupolar and higher parts in spherical coordinates. Here, CHAMP (CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload) measurements are used. Due to the inclination CHAMP is changing the orbit in local time. From time to time CHAMP is flying in resonance with the Earth's rotation, i.e. the satellite is flying over the same ground track after a couple of days. To model changes during a period of a few days these so called "repeat tracks" are very helpful for an improved main field/external field model. On the Earth's surface the magnetic effect of magnetospheric currents is often characterised by the DST-indix. In this study, it is explained how a possible constitution of the external sources of the geomagnetic field can look like and how the effect of these magnetospheric currents can be corrected in main field modelling.
    Language: English
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    Report of the 2015 LoNNe Intercomparison Campaign (2015)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The 2014 LoNNe (Loss of the Night Network) intercomparison campaign is the third of four campaigns planned during EU COST Action ES1204. This report provides a brief synopsis of the campaign and its preliminary outcomes. Section 2 describes the measurement locations, the activities of the participants, the instruments used, and the environmental conditions. Section 3 describes a public outreach event held during the campaign. Section 4 provides some preliminary results, outlines the ongoing analyses, and presents research questions for the next campaign to address. Section 5 provides recommendations for the final LoNNe intercomparison campaign in 2016. Section 6 concludes the report.
    Language: English
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    Report on the shallow geology investigation in Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan) (2014)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/report
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  • 92
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    77. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft : 27.–30. März 2017 in Potsdam (2017)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: German , English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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    The long-term temporal behaviour of the seismicity of the Dead Sea Fault Zone and its implication for time-dependent seismic hazard assessments : a report related to the DFG project Geo-DESIRE (Geoscientific Dead Sea Integrated Research Project), with participating institutions from Germany, Israel, Jordan and Palestine territories. (2009)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The paper consists of two main elements: (1) the creation of a harmonized seismicity data file for the eastern Mediterranean area and the generation of a classical timeindependent PSHA, and (2) the extension of the earthquake model of the timeindependent approach to a newly developed time‐dependent PSHA and the comparison with the results of (1).
    Language: English
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    Updating ESA’s Earth System Model for Gravity Mission Simulation Studies : 3. A Realistically Perturbed Non-Tidal Atmosphere and Ocean De-Aliasing Model (2015)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: The ability of any satellite gravity mission concept to monitor mass transport processes in the Earth system is typically tested well ahead of its implementation by means of various simulation studies. Those studies often extend from the simulation of realistic orbits and instrumental data all the way down to the retrieval of global gravity field solution time-series. Basic requirement for all these simulations are realistic representations of the spatio-temporal mass variability in the different sub-systems of the Earth, as a source model for the orbit computations. For such simulations, a suitable source model is required to represent (i) high-frequency (i.e., sub-daily to weekly) mass variability in the atmosphere and oceans, in order to realistically include the effects of temporal aliasing due to non-tidal high-frequency mass variability into the retrieved gravity fields. In parallel, (ii) low-frequency (i.e., monthly to interannual) variability needs to be modelled with realistic amplitudes, particularly at small spatial scales, in order to assess to what extent a new mission concept might provide further insight into physical processes currently not observable. The new source model documented here attempts to fulfil both requirements: Based on ECMWF’s recent atmospheric reanalysis ERA-Interim and corresponding simulations from numerical models of the other Earth system components, it offers spherical harmonic coefficients of the time-variable global gravity field due to mass variability in atmosphere, oceans, the terrestrial hydrosphere including the ice-sheets and glaciers, as well as the solid Earth. Simulated features range from sub-daily to multiyear periods with a spatial resolution of spherical harmonics degree and order 180 over a period of 12 years. In addition to the source model, a de-aliasing model for atmospheric and oceanic high-frequency variability with augmented systematic and random noise is required for a realistic simulation of the gravity field retrieval process, whose necessary error characteristics are discussed. The documentation is organized as follows: The characteristics of the updated ESM along with some basic validation are presented in Volume 1 of this report (Dobslaw et al., 2014). A detailed comparison to the original ESA ESM (Gruber et al., 2011) is provided in Volume 2 (Bergmann-Wolf et al., 2014), while Volume 3 (Forootan et al., 2014) contains a description of the strategy to derive a realistically noisy de-aliasing model for the high-frequency mass variability in atmosphere and oceans. The files of the updated ESA Earth System Model for gravity mission simulation studies are accessible at DOI:10.5880/GFZ.1.3.2014.001.
    Language: English
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    Identification of kinematic boundary conditions triggering removal of material in tectonically erosive margins : insight from scaled physical experiments (2013)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This study represents the first investigating potential kinematic boundary conditions for subduction erosion in a systematic manner. For the subduction erosional process, the aperture at the box's rear, which allowed rearward material loss, was shown to have the largest influence on obtained results. If the amount of material leaving the system was larger than the amount of material subducted at the wedge's toe, the margin evolved as erosional. We found the surface slope to be the second important parameter, which strongly controls the amount of basally eroded material.
    Language: English
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    Seismic hazard and risk in Central Asia (2011)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This short report describes the first attempt at obtaining a preliminary cross-border risk model for Central Asia starting from datasets that were already available at the beginning of the EMCA Project.
    Language: English
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    Microfacies and isotope analyses of the varved Piànico lake sediment profile for high-resolution reconstruction of interglacial climate dynamics (2007)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: Understanding the climate system and the natural processes that lead to its changes is fundamental when trying to evaluate and assess the human influence on climate variability. Human activities characterised most of the Holocene time period, so that palaeoclimate sequences of the last 8,000 years recorded both climate change and human impact. In order to study natural climate variability, we have to investigate past interglacial climate records, when human impact was none. Amongst many palaeoclimate archives, lacustrine varved sequences are invaluable records that allow high resolution palaeoclimate reconstruction. The interglacial lake deposits of Piànico (Southern Alps) consist of ca 15,500 biochemically precipitated calcite varves. The goal of my research is the sedimentological, geochemical and isotopical study at seasonal/decadal resolution of climate variability as recorded in this sequence. The chronology obtained from varve counting constitutes a floating chronology of an interglacial period; the recovery of two tephra layers allowed to fix the floating chronology to the interglacial centred at 400 ka BP, thus corresponding to MIS 11. I studied the upper 5,900 varves at seasonal resolution, using a multi proxy approach. The thickness of summer layers is the proxy for productivity and spring-summer temperature, whereas detrital layers indicate extreme precipitation events; δ18O has been used as a proxy for temperature and/or air masses circulation. I developed a new sampling technique for isotope analyses, in order to ensure the sampling of endogenic calcite, avoiding detrital contamination; this method also allowed me to quantify the effect of Triassic dolomite in bulk carbonate samples. The 15.5 ka of interglacial conditions in Piànico are characterised by short-term climate change. At least four rapid climatic oscillations and a climatic deterioration at the very end of the 15,500 years are recorded. The main climatic oscillation is a 1000 years long cold period that took place after ca 10,000 years of interglacial conditions. This type of climate oscillation has not been recorded in the Holocene yet. This implies that, so far, the Holocene has not experienced all the possible range of interglacial climate changes.
    Language: English
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    Proceedings of the DENDROSYMPOSIUM 2009, April 16th - 19th, 2009 in Otočec, Slovenia (2010)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This volume contains 23 short papers which summarise the main subjects of talks and posters presented at the eighth TRACE (Tree Rings in Archaeology, Climatology and Ecology) conference organized by Jožica Gričar, Tom Levanič, Špela Jagodic, Robert Krajnc and Polona Hafner and held in Otočec, Slovenia on April 16th - 19th, 2009.
    Language: English
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    "Research Data at Your Fingertips" : A Position Paper by the Research Data Working Group (2015)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Language: English
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    GFZ GRACE Level-2 Processing Standards Document for Level-2 Product Release 0005 : revised edition, January 2013 (2013)
    Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
    In:  Scientific Technical Report STR - Data
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Description: This document serves as a record of the processing standards, models & parameters adopted for the generation of monthly and weekly (aligned to GPS weeks) Level-2 gravity field data products by the GRACE Science Data System component at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences.
    Language: English
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