ALBERT

Description: The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) performed a dual-phase scientific drilling project to investigate mountain-building processes called Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC). The borehole COSC-1 was drilled through the Lower Seve Nappe, as the first of two 2.5 km deep drill holes close to Åre, central Sweden. The recovered rocks comprise a 1650 m thick suite of high grade gneisses and amphibolites with clear Seve Nappe affinities, while the lower 850 m comprise rather homogenous mylonitic gneisses with interfingered K-rich phyllonite bands of cm to several m size and some intercalated amphibolites. The different lithologies all crosscut the core in a subhorizontal direction with foliation of gneisses and phyllonites in the same direction. Albite and garnet porphyroblasts with pressure shadows show syn-deformational growth and the same sub-horizontal alignment. The focus of this thesis is to detect chemical and mineralogical differences in mylonitic and host rocks and to relate these differences to either metasomatism and deformation or inherited source rock variance. Another goal of this work is to compare chemical core scanning instruments. For this purpose two different μ-Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (μ-EDXRF), Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and hyperspectral imaging techniques served to measure seven samples from the lower 850 m of the COSC-1 core. The measurements reveal sharp borders between different rock types without indication of metasomatic changes, pointing to a heterogeneous protolith such as greywacke. Element and mineral maps show strong pervasive ductile deformation with mylonite recrystallization. The comparison of the scanning devices shows that the μ-EDXRF scanner with 50 μm resolution can be used perfectly for microstructural investigations and heavy element analysis. The XRF core scanner from AVAATECH is very useful and sufficiently precise for element profiles of line scans. The LIBS scanner is great to create distribution maps of elements from H to U with a resolution of 200 μm. The hyperspectral cameras are extremely fast in acquiring spectral mineral maps and structural information. However, several rock forming minerals in gneisses can currently not be identified and a calibration for metamorphic rocks is still needed.

Description: In the course of converting the energy supply from fossil-based to more sustainable regenerative energy resources, the use of the geological underground for energy storage purposes is becoming increasingly important to achieve the national climate policy goals. The geological underground offers opportunities for the storage of hydrogen, CO2 and synthetic gas as well as for the permanent storage of hazardous and environmentally harmful substances, e.g. radioactive waste. In the course of the energy transition and the discussion on climate change mitigation options, the demand for new storage technologies and corresponding scientific research is increasing. An indispensable prerequisite for the further development of new storage technologies are scientific pilot sites and underground research laboratories. Building on its expertise in geological storage, the GFZ is conducting projects for CO2 and H2 storage as well as for nuclear waste disposal to study technological implementation and long-term safety. This research forms an indispensible contribution of the region Germany/Central Europe to the European climate and energy strategy.

Description: The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) performed a dual-phase scientific drilling project to investigate mountain-building processes called Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC). The borehole COSC-1 was drilled through the Lower Seve Nappe, as the first of two 2.5 km deep drill holes close to Åre, central Sweden. The recovered rocks comprise a 1650 m thick suite of high grade gneisses and amphibolites with clear Seve Nappe affinities, while the lower 850 m comprise rather homogenous mylonitic gneisses with interfingered K-rich phyllonite bands of cm to several m size and some intercalated amphibolites. The different lithologies all crosscut the core in a subhorizontal direction with foliation of gneisses and phyllonites in the same direction. Albite and garnet porphyroblasts with pressure shadows show syn-deformational growth and the same sub-horizontal alignment. The focus of this study was to detect chemical and mineralogical differences in mylonitic and host rocks and to relate these differences to either metasomatism and deformation or inherited source rock variance. Another goal of this work is to compare chemical core scanning instruments. For this purpose two different X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) techniques, Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and hyperspectral imaging served to measure seven samples from the lower 850 m of the COSC-1 core. This data publication comprises the datasets gained in the course of this study. The metadata (OF WHAT?) will be presented in an additional file including XRF data from the Avaatech XRF core scanner in a txt.file as well as datasets of the other used devices in original file formats.

Description: The International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) performed a dual-phase scientific drilling project to investigate mountain-building processes called Collisional Orogeny in the Scandinavian Caledonides (COSC). The borehole COSC-1 was drilled through the Lower Seve Nappe, as the first of two 2.5 km deep drill holes close to Åre, central Sweden. The recovered rocks comprise a 1650 m thick suite of high grade gneisses and amphibolites with clear Seve Nappe affinities, while the lower 850 m com-prise rather homogenous mylonitic gneisses with interfingered K-rich phyllonite bands of cm to several m size and some intercalated amphibolites. The different lithologies all crosscut the core in a subhorizontal direction with foliation of gneisses and phyllonites in the same direction. Albite and garnet porphyroblasts with pressure shadows show syn-deformational growth and the same sub-horizontal alignment. The focus was to detect chemical and mineralogical differences in mylonitic and host rocks and to relate these differences to either metasomatism and deformation or inher-ited source rock variance. Another goal of this work is to compare chemical core scanning instruments. For this purpose, two different μ-Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (μ-EDXRF), Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and hyperspectral imaging tech-niques served to measure seven samples from the lower 850 m of the COSC-1 core. This report will explain the data sets gained during this study. The metadata will be pre-sented in an additional file including XRF data from the AVAATECH XRF core scanner in a text file as well as data sets of the other used devices in original file formats.

Description: There is little knowledge on the relevant physico-chemical parameters that govern the interaction between hydrogen and reservoir fluids under typical reservoir conditions, which are high salinity, elevated temperature and pressure. Furthermore, high gas losses through diffusion are assumed. As a first step, hydrogen solubilities in synthetic reservoir brines with chloride as anion and Na, Mg, K as cations were determined. Concentrations from 0 to ≤5 molar were individually investigated for a grid of temperatures ranging from 25 to 100 °C and pressures ranging from 1 to 250 bar. The experiments span a three dimensional space with the base factors of concentration, pressure and temperature. In pure water at 25°C, results are in good agreement with predicted values from standard model (PHREEQC, EOS of Spycher & Reed, 1988). However, the solubilities for higher salinity with variable pressure and temperature are more than four times higher compared to predictions from the current standard model. Besides the solubility measurements, experiments to determine diffusion coefficients of the rock types sandstone, claystone and salt rock are planned. For this purpose a novel designed apparatus is under construction and close to finalization. Experiments will follow the construction.