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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Biodiversity. ; Physical geography. ; Biotic communities. ; Pollution. ; Ecology . ; Biodiversity. ; Physical Geography. ; Ecosystems. ; Pollution. ; Terrestial Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Introduction to Environment -- Chapter 2 Components of the Earth -- Chapter 3 Earth and its Resources -- Chapter 4 Basics of Ecosystem -- Chapter 5 Major Biochemical Cycles -- Chapter 6 Biodiversity and its Conservation -- Chapter 7 Air Pollution and its Mitigation -- Chapter 8 Pollution and its Mitigation -- Chapter 9 Soil Pollution and its Mitigation -- Chapter 10 Oil Pollution -- Chapter 11 Human Population and the Environment -- Chapter 12 Climate Change: Threat of Era.
    Abstract: This book provides a cross-sectoral, multi-scale assessment of different environmental problems via in-depth studies of the Indian subcontinent. Data collected from different ecosystems forms a strong foundation to explore the topics discussed in this book. The book investigates how mankind is presently under the appalling shadow of pollution, climate change, overpopulation and poverty. The continuing problem of pollution, loss of forests, disposal of solid waste, deterioration of environment, global warming and loss of biodiversity have made nations aware of environmental issues. Many countries are desperately trying to move away from this adverse situation through technological development and policy level approaches. Through a number of case studies the authors provide details of ground level observations of the most environmentally stressed regions in the Indian subcontinent and beyond.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 478 p. 338 illus., 175 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030491314
    DDC: 333.95
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Biodiversity. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Climatology. ; Physical geography. ; Botanical chemistry. ; Ecosystems. ; Biodiversity. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Climate Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Plant Biochemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- The marine physical environment during the Polar Night -- Light in the Polar Night -- Marine micro- and macroalgae in the Polar Night -- Zooplankton in the Polar Night -- Benthic communities in the Polar Night -- Fish ecology in the Polar Night -- Biological clocks and rhythms in polar organisms -- Sensor carrying platforms -- Operative habitat mapping and monitoring in the Polar Night -- The Polar Night exhibition: Life and light at the dead of night -- Index.
    Abstract: Until recently, the prevailing view of marine life at high latitudes has been that organisms enter a general resting state during the dark Polar Night and that the system only awakens with the return of the sun. Recent research, however, with coordinated, multidisciplinary field campaigns based on the high Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard, have provided a radical new perspective. Instead of a system in dormancy, a new perspective of a system in full operation and with high levels of activity across all major phyla is emerging. Examples of such activities and processes include: Active marine organisms at sea surface, water column and the sea-floor. At surface we find active foraging in seabirds and fish, in the water column we find a high biodiversity and activity of zooplankton and larvae such as active light induced synchronized diurnal vertical migration, and at seafloor there is a high biodiversity in benthic animals and macroalgae. The Polar Night is a period for reproduction in many benthic and pelagic taxa, mass occurrence of ghost shrimps (Caprellides), high abundance of Ctenophores, physiological evidence of micro- and macroalgal cells that are ready to utilize the first rays of light when they appear, deep water fishes found at water surface in the Polar night, and continuous growth of bivalves throughout the winter. These findings not only begin to shape a new paradigm for marine winter ecology in the high Arctic, but also provide conclusive evidence for a top-down controlled system in which primary production levels are close to zero. In an era of environmental change that is accelerated at high latitudes, we believe that this new insight is likely to strongly impact how the scientific community views the high latitude marine ecosystem. Despite the overwhelming darkness, the main environmental variable affecting marine organisms in the Polar Night is in fact light. The light regime during the Polar Night is unique with respect to light intensity, spectral composition of light and photoperiod. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 375 p. 133 illus., 116 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030332082
    Series Statement: Advances in Polar Ecology, 4
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Human geography. ; Environmental management. ; Agriculture. ; Physical geography. ; Energy policy. ; Energy and state. ; Human Geography. ; Environmental Management. ; Agriculture. ; Physical Geography. ; Energy Policy, Economics and Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. What is a Landscape? -- Chapter 3. Drivers of Landscape Change -- Chapter 4. Landscape Trajectories -- Chapter 5. Options for Managing Landscape for Change -- Chapter 6. Barriers to Managing for Change -- Chapter 7. Social and Institutional Innovations -- Chapter 8. Technologies for Innovating Forward -- Chapter 9. Conclusions and Recommendation.
    Abstract: This book discusses how future landscapes will be shaped by pervasive change and where, when, and how society should manage landscapes for change. Readers will learn about the major anthropogenic drivers of landscape change, including climate change and human induced disturbance regimes, and the unique consequences that multiple and simultaneously occurring change agents can have on landscapes. The author uses landscape trajectories as a guide to selecting the appropriate course of action, and considers how landscape position, inertia, and direction will determine landscape futures. The author introduces the concept of landscapes as socio-technical-ecological systems (STES), which combines ecological and technological influences on future landscape change and the need for society to acknowledge both when considering landscape management. Thinking beyond solutions, the author identifies barriers to managing landscapes for change including the cost, cultural identity of local populations, and the fear of taking action under uncertain conditions. Nevertheless, processes, tools, and technologies exist for overcoming social and ecological barriers to managing landscapes for change, and continued investment in social and scientific infrastructure holds out hope for maintaining our landscape values even as we enter an era of unprecedented change and disruption.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 111 p. 36 illus., 25 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030620417
    Series Statement: Landscape Series, 27
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Microbiology. ; Microbial ecology. ; Botany. ; Biotechnology. ; Refuse and refuse disposal. ; Physical geography. ; Microbiology. ; Microbial Ecology. ; Plant Science. ; Biotechnology. ; Waste Management/Waste Technology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1. Composting: Paradigms and Mechanisms -- 1. Compost and Compost Tea Microbiology: the “-Omics” Era -- 2. Biological Sterilisation, Detoxification and Stimulation of Cucurbitacin-containing Manure -- 3. Nematode succession during composting process -- 4. Review on Physiological Effects of Vermicomposts on Plants -- 5. Interaction of Earthworm Activity with Soil Structure and Enzymes -- 6. Survival of Pathogenic and Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Vermicompost, Sewage Sludge and other Types of Composts in Temperate Climate Conditions -- Part 2. Modern Tools and Techniques for Composting Research -- 7. Molecular Tools and Techniques for Understanding the Microbial Community Dynamics of Vermicomposting -- 8. Molecular Tools and Techniques for Understanding the Microbial Community Dynamics of Vermicomposting -- 9. Recent Advances in Assessing the Maturity and Stability of Compost -- 10. Application of Nanotechnology to Research on the Microbiology of Composting -- Part 3. Composting Applications -- 11. Bioremediation of Pesticides in Soil Through Composting: Potential and Challenges -- 12. Current Trends and Insights on Compost Utilization Studies - Crop Residue Composting to Improve Soil Organic Matter in Sugarcane Cultivation, Tamil Nadu, India -- 13. Applications of Streptomyces spp. Enhanced Compost in Sustainable Agriculture.
    Abstract: This book highlights the latest findings on fundamental aspects of composting, the interaction of various microorganisms, and the underlying mechanisms. In addition to addressing modern tools and techniques used for composting research, it provides an overview of potential composting applications in both agriculture and environmental reclamation. Composting is the process of organic waste decomposition, mediated by microorganisms. The end-product is called ‘compost’ and can be used as a supplement to improve soil fertility. As the municipal waste generated in most developing countries contains a substantial amount of organic matter suitable for composting, this technology offers a win-win opportunity for stakeholders in terms of disposing of organic waste and providing organic fertilizers for agriculture. In addition, using compost reduces the dependency on harmful chemical fertilizers, and represents a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 291 p. 39 illus., 26 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030391737
    Series Statement: Soil Biology, 58
    DDC: 579
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Keywords: Microbiology. ; Environmental engineering. ; Biotechnology. ; Bioremediation. ; Environmental policy. ; Sociology. ; Physical geography. ; Pollution. ; Microbiology. ; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. ; Environmental Policy. ; Sociology. ; Physical Geography. ; Pollution.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 -- The importance of technogenesis and sustainable environmental protection technologies. Chapter 2 -- Natural and artificial biogeochemical barriers as natural technologies. Chapter 3 -- The sustainable natural materials and their role in waste management and soil contamination stabilizing. Chapter 4 -- The sustainable natural materials used for adsorbing contaminants from aqueous medium. Chapter 5 -- Biotechnologies as the sustainable environmental protection technologies. Chapter 6 -- The major properties of natural materials used in biofiltration systems. Chapter 7 -- Operational parameters of biofiltration systems required for efficient operation of components ensuring system’s sustainability. Chapter 8 -- Natural and inoculated microorganisms as important component for sustainability of biofiltration system. Chapter 9 -- The technologies of the sustainable environmental protection in real conditions in the case of biofiltration systems.
    Abstract: This book discusses the need for the development of sustainable environmental protection technologies to reduce the impact of environmental contaminants. Three levels of sustainable technologies are addressed. The first level involves the concept of sustainable technologies as natural technologies, or ecotechnologies, whereby contamination level is assessed based on the contamination footprint through the use of biogeochemical barriers (e.g. methods utilizing the bioaccumulation properties of plants). The second level concerns the use of sustainable natural materials, such as biochar, in environmental engineering systems, an approach that is used for analyzing the processes of adsorption and biofiltration, as well as immobilization of contaminants in soil. The third level discusses the optimal components necessary to achieve sustainability in environmental engineering systems, including system operation principles, structural solutions, and the synergies between various system components such as microorganisms. The book will be of interest to specialists of industrial enterprises engaged in environmental protection, as well as environmental system designers, stakeholders from environmental protection ministries and institutions, researchers, doctoral students and masters and bachelors of science in the field of environmental engineering.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 645 p. 287 illus., 123 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030477257
    DDC: 579
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Environmental management. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Environmental Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: What Is Adventure Tourism? -- Chapter 2: Adventure Tourism in Antarctica -- Chapter 3: The Arctic Islands: Svalbard and Iceland -- Chapter 4: Adventure Tourism in the Russian Arctic -- Chapter 5: Adventure Tourism in Greenland -- Chapter 6: Adventure Tourism in the Canadian Arctic -- Chapter 7: Adventure Tourism in Alaska -- Chapter 8: Adventure Tourism in the Himalayas -- Chapter 9: The Andes -- Chapter 10: East Africa -- Chapter 11: Australia and New Zealand -- Chapter 12: Scotland -- Chapter 13: Climate Change and Adventure Tourism.
    Abstract: This textbook presents a comprehensive overview of the environmental impacts of various types of adventure tourism and how these can be best managed. This volume follows on from the authors' previous textbook – ‘Outdoor Recreation: Environmental Impacts and Management’ and continues the aim of developing a deeper understanding of how tourist numbers impact the environment and to provide practical solutions to these problems. Combining their own first-hand experience and research with extensive literature review the authors present several popular adventure tourism destinations from across the globe, including the Arctic, the Himalayas, Africa, Australia and Scotland as case studies. Chapters cover the particular challenges faced by each region: including impacts on animals and birds; the spread of invasive plant species and diseases; trail impacts on vegetation; impacts on geological, historical and archaeological sites and pollution and waste issues. A discussion and evaluation of the possible management actions for minimising these impacts and how outdoor recreation tourists can be regulated concludes each chapter. This practical and engaging textbook will be invaluable to students and scholars of adventure tourism and outdoor recreation as well as practitioners and managers working in the field. David Huddart is Emeritus Professor at Liverpool John Moores University, UK. He has extensive experience teaching landscape interpretation, recreation ecology, and outdoor and environmental education. Tim Stott is Professor of Physical Geography and Outdoor Education at Liverpool John Moores University, UK. He has been responsible for leading and teaching on the Outdoor Education programmes for 25 years.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXX, 475 p. 141 illus., 131 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030186234
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Sustainability. ; Physical geography. ; Computer simulation. ; Environment. ; Sustainability. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Computer Modelling. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Some remarks on sustainable development -- Chapter2. Structure and operation of systems, models of the global earth system -- Chapter3. The global earth system at the beginning of the 21st century -- Chapter4. Steps towards realising global sustainable development.
    Abstract: This book applies system theory to analyze the operation and structure of the complex earth surface system, including the interactions between society and nature that cause environmental degradation and threats to human populations. The possible ways to harmonize the operation of a global society as a complex system using the United Nation sustainable development goals are investigated, as well as the major efforts currently implemented to achieve this objective and why many are unsuccessful. Readers will learn this material through case studies that assess the essential conditions required to occupy a planet sustainably, and examine the complex interactions between society and nature in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and outer layers of the lithosphere. The book is written for undergraduate students in geography, earth sciences, environmental sciences, and ecology, and will also appeal to environmental agency employees, nature protection representatives, teachers, and researchers. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 292 p. 143 illus., 63 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030216450
    Series Statement: Sustainable Development Goals Series,
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Human geography. ; Agriculture Economic aspects. ; Economic geography. ; Cultural geography. ; America Politics and government. ; Physical Geography. ; Human Geography. ; Agricultural Economics. ; Economic Geography. ; Social and Cultural Geography. ; American Politics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: Frontier thinking and the Amazon region -- Scarcities and abundances in place and time: A proposed conceptualisation of frontier making -- Placing the agricultural frontier of Mato Grosso, Brazil -- Peasant farming in the Amazon frontiers -- Water and energy frontiers in the Amazon -- Production of poverty and the poverty of production in the Amazon -- Disrupting frontier development from within: The latent geographical agency of indigenous peoples -- Development and conservation frontiers in the Pantanal wetland -- Conclusion: Lessons learned to expand frontier theory.
    Abstract: This book discusses the outcomes of more than ten years of research in the southern tracts of the Amazon region, and addresses the expansion of the agricultural frontier, consolidation of the agribusiness-based economy, and expansion of regional infrastructure (roads, dams, urban centres, etc). It combines extensive empirical evidence with the international literature on frontier-making and regional Amazonian development, and adopts a critical politico-geographical perspective that will benefit scholars in various other disciplines. This book is intended to push the current theoretical and methodological boundaries regarding the controversies and impacts of agribusiness in the region. A new international scientific network, led by the author, is investigating the broader context of the themes analysed here. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 222 p. 33 illus., 29 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030385248
    Series Statement: Key Challenges in Geography, EUROGEO Book Series,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Landscape ecology. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Physical Geography. ; Landscape Ecology. ; Environmental Monitoring.
    Abstract: Since the 1970s and particularly the works of Tüxen (1978) and Géhu & Rivas-Martínez (1981), dynamico-catenal phytosociology has facilitated the integration of vegetation dynamics by more precisely describing the trajectories of vegetation series. A national habitat mapping program (CarHAB), launched by France’s Ministry of Ecology, aims to map the vegetation and vegetation series of metropolitan France at a scale of 1: 25,000 by 2025. In this context, Corsica has been selected as a pilot region, due to its unique characteristics regarding Mediterranean and alticole vegetation. This book describes in detail the vegetation series and geoseries (ecology, structure, dynamic trajectories, effects of anthropogenic factors on vegetation dynamics, catenal positioning in the landscape) of two Corsican sectors: Cap Corse and Biguglia pond. These two study sites were selected using two methods: • For Cap Corse, the typology and mapping are based on an inductive approach, which seeks to understand the dynamics of vegetation by drawing on the mature, substitutional, pioneering and anthropogenic associations likely to exist within a tessellar envelope. These various dynamic stages characterize “the vegetation series” (sigmetum or synassociation), the fundamental unit of symphytosociology (Géhu 2006; Biondi 2011). The aim of symphytosociology is, therefore, to define the vegetation series; in other words, it seeks to identify the repetitive combinations of syntaxa under homogeneous ecological conditions. • For Biguglia pond, the typology and mapping are based on a deductive approach, which combines (under SIG) the ecological descriptor maps with the vegetation mapping, in order to reveal the tesselas and the natural potential vegetation that underlies them. Thanks to the improvement of GIS techniques, this approach has been frequently used to characterize plant landscapes from vegetation to vegetation geoseries since the 2000s, with applications to the conservation management of natural and semi-natural environments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 210 p. 87 illus., 82 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030357764
    Series Statement: Geobotany Studies, Basics, Methods and Case Studies,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Environment. ; Economic development. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Social Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Development Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Environmental Stewardship and Built Space -- Chapter 2. PESTECH and Nature in Built Space: Analytical Framework -- Chapter 3. Nature in Built Space in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Chapter 4. Nature in Built Space in the MENA Region -- Chapter 5. Nature in Built Space in Asia and the Pacific -- Chapter 6. Nature in Built Space in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Chapter 7. Nature in Built Space in North America -- Chapter 8. Nature in Built Space in Western Europe.
    Abstract: A good understanding of the status quo is necessary for the success of efforts to develop and maintain nature in built space. Accordingly, this book conducts an environmental scan of the context of these efforts in global perspective. In particular, it develops and employs a novel environmental scanning model (ESM) designed to rigorously analyze the political, economic, social, technological, ecological, cultural and historical (PESTECH) contexts of initiatives to promote biodiversity in the built environment. The focus is on four specific substantive areas of environmental policy, namely forestry, water, food, and energy. The units of analysis roughly correspond with the major United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) regions of the world, including sub-Saharan Africa, Middle-East and North Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Western Europe, North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 209 p. 6 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030397593
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Telecommunication. ; Human geography. ; Application software. ; Sustainability. ; Urban economics. ; Physical geography. ; Communications Engineering, Networks. ; Human Geography. ; Computer and Information Systems Applications. ; Sustainability. ; Urban Economics. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Introduction -- Chapter 1: Smart Living for Smart Cities.-Part 2: City studies -- Chapter 2: Smart Living for Smart Hong Kong -- Chapter 3: Smart laws and regulations for Smart Living Case of Dehradun -- Chapter 4: Smart Heathy Living for Smart Kozhikode Metropolitan Area -- Chapter 5: Regeneration of Smart Spaces for Smart Living in Kozhikode Metropolitan Region (KMR) -- Chapter 6: Smart Initiatives In Sustainable Historic Capital city of The Himalayas- Shimla -- Part 3: Conclusion -- Chapter 7: International Collaborative Research Smart Living for Smart Cities and Conclusions of city studies.
    Abstract: This book, based on extensive international collaborative research, highlights the state-of-the-art design of smart living for metropolises, megacities, and metacities, as well as at the community and neighbourhood level. Smart living is one of six main components of smart cities, the others being smart people, smart economy, smart environment, smart mobility and smart governance. Smart living in any smart city can only be designed and implemented with active roles for smart people and smart city government, and as a joint effort combining e-Democracy, e-Governance and ICT-IoT systems. In addition to using information and communication technologies, the Internet of Things, Internet of Governance (e-Governance) and Internet of People (e-Democracy), the design of smart living utilizes various domain-specific tools to achieve coordinated, effective and efficient management, development, and conservation, and to improve ecological, social, biophysical, psychological and economic well-being in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of development ecosystems and stakeholders. This book presents case studies covering more than 10 cities and centred on domain-specific smart living components. The book is issued in two volumes. and this volume focus on city studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 454 p. 319 illus., 298 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811546150
    Series Statement: Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements,
    DDC: 621.382
    Language: English
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Transportation engineering. ; Traffic engineering. ; Climatology. ; Physical Geography. ; Transportation Technology and Traffic Engineering. ; Climate Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I. Problems of planning vessel voyages in ice -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- Part II. Overcoming ice and speed of a vessel -- Chapter 2. The ability to overcome ice and speed of vessel navigating independently in ice -- Part III. Dangerous phenomena and hazards to shipping -- Chapter 3. Dangerous hydro-meteorological phenomena occurring on the NSR -- Part IV. Suggested routes and voyahe dates -- Chapter 4. Routes outside ice-covered zones on the NSR for vessels without ice strengthening -- Chapter 5. Dates of opening and closing of the seas for ice-free navigation -- Part V. Models of decision-making systems -- Chapter 6. Decision-making system of initial voyage planning -- Chapter 7. Operational voyage planning and verification of the initial voyage planning system -- Chapter 8. Summary and conclusions -- Appendices.
    Abstract: This book explains vessels’ ability to overcome ice on the Northern Sea Route, as well as the criteria of safe speed and maneuvering of vessels on ice. It provides a successful long-term forecast of ice navigation and reveals the dangers of sailing on the Northern Sea Rote, It includes tips on how to plan and schedule voyages in the Russian Arctic. The book develops a set of suggested routes for the period of opening and closing of the transit ice-free zone through the NSR based on the last eleven navigation seasons. It presents a method for determining the date for beginning a voyage of a vessel without ice strengthening through the NSR. It also develops a model of initial (long-term) and operational decision-making support system for vessel voyage planning and scheduling. The main audience for the book are officers at operational and management level of competency, people planning voyages on the Northern Sea Route in the office of ship operator and in chartering department or consulting company, and participants of Ice Navigator IMO Model Courses at basic and advanced level of competency.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXXVIII, 279 p. 317 illus., 61 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030254902
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 13
    Keywords: Management. ; International business enterprises. ; Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Management. ; International Business. ; Physical Geography. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I. Global Sustainable Management Practices -- Chapter 1. Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Initiatives of Multinational Hotel Corporations -- Chapter 2. Sustainable Initiatives and practices of the most sustainable organizations in the world -- Chapter 3. Plastic Bag Ban in the context of Corporate Social Responsibility: Consumption, Trade vis-a’-vis Environmental Sustainability Concern, etc.
    Abstract: This book addresses the gap between innovative technologies and their adoption. It showcases research, feasibility studies and projects that demonstrate a variety of ways to implement environmental sustainability in globally operating firms, as well as best practices in areas such as international management, adoption of cleaner technologies, global supply chains, greenhouse gas emission reduction, and transportation. The book provides state-of-the-art information on issues including: • Global sustainable management practices • Global sustainable food and agricultural markets • Global responsible mining and energy • Global sustainable sourcing • Global sustainable transportation • Global conservation innovations and investments Presenting expert contributions from industry, government and academia, discussing a variety of themes and perspectives on the topic "international business as a positive force of environmental sustainability” it is a vital resource for stakeholders in the international business community.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 1090 p. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030267599
    Series Statement: World Sustainability Series,
    DDC: 658
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Atmospheric science. ; Landscape ecology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Landscape Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. The energy balance of permafrost soils and ecosystems -- Chapter 3. The role of ground ice -- Chapter 4. Permafrost carbon quantities and fluxes -- Chapter 5. Permafrost in transition -- Chapter 6. Vegetation change -- Chapter 7. Methane -- Chapter 8. Models: Forecasting the present and future of permafrost -- References -- Glossary.
    Abstract: This book provides a cross-disciplinary overview of permafrost and the carbon cycle by providing an introduction into the geographical distribution of permafrost, with a focus on the distribution of permafrost and its soil carbon reservoirs. The chapters explain the basic physical properties and processes of permafrost soils: ice, mineral and organic components, and how these interact with climate, vegetation and geomorphological processes. In particular, the book covers the role of the large quantities of ice in many permafrost soils which are crucial to understanding carbon cycle processes. An explanation is given on how permafrost becomes loaded with ice and carbon. Gas hydrates are also introduced. Structures and processes formed by the intense freeze-thaw action in the active layer are considered (e.g. ice wedging, cryoturbation), and the processes that occur as the permafrost thaws, (pond and lake formation, erosion). The book introduces soil carbon accumulation and decomposition mechanisms and how these are modified in a permafrost environment. A separate chapter deals with deep permafrost carbon, gas reservoirs and recently discovered methane emission phenomena from regions such as Northwest Siberia and the Siberian yedoma permafrost.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 508 p. 202 illus., 169 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030313791
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Keywords: Biogeography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Soil science. ; Biotic communities. ; Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Biogeosciences. ; Water. ; Soil Science. ; Ecosystems. ; Physical Geography. ; Climate Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword -- Chapter 1. History of canopy precipitation partitioning -- Chapter 2. Measurement of canopy interception -- Chapter 3. Measurement of throughfall -- Chapter 4. Measurement of stemflow -- Chapter 5. Residence time of precipitation entrained as throughfall and stemflow -- Chapter 6. Dissolved organic matter -- Chapter 7. Dissolved inorganic solutes -- Chapter 8. Isotopic composition -- Chapter 9. Particulate matter (including microbes) -- Chapter 10. Modelling of precipitation partitioning -- Chapter 11. Modelling of canopy exchange -- Chapter 12. Differences among precipitation types (Rain, fog, snow, rime) -- Chapter 13. Differences between plant functional types -- Chapter 14. Differences with stand age and management -- Chapter 15. Global patterns in precipitation partitioning -- Chapter 16. Relevance of precipitation partitioning to the global climate system -- Chapter 17. Precipitation recycling -- Chapter 18. Arboreal epiphytes and hemiparasites -- Chapter 19. Treehole ecosystems -- Chapter 20. Soil erosion -- Chapter 21. Soil physicochemical properties -- Chapter 22. Soil microbial community structure and function -- Chapter 23. Streams -- Chapter 24. Soil and groundwater -- Chapter 25. Reflections & future directions: Research opportunities in canopy precipitation partitioning -- Index.
    Abstract: This book presents research on precipitation partitioning processes in vegetated ecosystems, putting them into a global context. It describes the processes by which meteoric water comes into contact with the vegetation's canopy, typically the first surface contact of precipitation on land. It also discusses how precipitation partitioning by vegetation impacts the amount, patterning, and chemistry of water reaching the surface, as well as the amount and timing of evaporative return to the atmosphere. Although this process has been extensively studied, this is the first review of the global literature on the partitioning of precipitation by forests, shrubs, crops, grasslands and other less-studies plant types. The authors offer global contextualization combined with a detailed discussion of the impacts for the climate and terrestrial ecohydrological systems. As such, this comprehensive overview is a valuable reference tool for a wide range of specialists and students in the fields of geoscience and the environment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 281 p. 90 illus., 74 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030297022
    DDC: 578.09
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Engineering geology. ; Oceanography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Water. ; Geoengineering. ; Ocean Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. A 14-year Multi-sites and High-frequency Monitoring of Salinity in the Tidal Garonne River (S-W France) Reveals Marked Inter-annual Variability In Marine Intrusion -- 2. Study on Salinity Intrusion and Mixing Types in a Conceptual Estuary using 3-D Hydrodynamic Simulation: Effects of Length, Width, Depth, and Bathymetry -- 3. Response of Salinity Intrusion to the Fictitious Blockade of the North Branch in the Yangtze Estuary, China -- 4. Influence of the Salinity Intrusion on Island Water Source Safety: A Case Study of the Chongming Island, China -- 5. Law of salt tide intrusion of the Qiantang Estuary and its numerical simulation -- 6. Seasonal salinity variations in a coastal wetland induced by complex interactions between sea, river and evapoconcentration processes -- 7. Water Quality Mitigation Scenarios for Burullus Coastal Lake, Egypt -- 8. Research on the Setting Condition of Tailrace Surge Chambers for Seawater Pumped-storage Power Stations with Long Tailrace Tunnels.
    Abstract: This book is a collection of extended papers based on presentations given during the ICEC 2018 conference, held in Caen, France, in August 2018. It explores both the limitations and advantages of current models, and highlights the latest developments concerning new numerical schemes, high-performance computing, multi-physics and multi-scale methods, and better interaction with field or scale model data. Accordingly, it addresses the interests of practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, and engineers active in this field. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 843 p. 494 illus., 402 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811520815
    Series Statement: Springer Water,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Environmental management. ; Sustainability. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental Law. ; Environmental Management. ; Sustainability. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Law.
    Abstract: This SpringerBrief brings together a series of studies that delve into the details of French and Israeli green building practices and tell a tale of two countries which deviates considerably from what first impressions might suggest. In-depth data analysis, interviews with stakeholders, and on-the-ground documentation are used to paint a portrait of green neighborhoods in both large and small cities, and to shed light on the diversity of outcomes and the intricate web of interests leading to each one. In the Israeli cases, these dynamics reflect the fact that the private sector has become increasingly dominant in the residential building field, following a decades-long process in which the welfare state has shrunk, and the government has distanced itself from large social programs.The French solution to this dilemma is to mandate the inclusion of subsidized housing within its ecoquartiers, with the declared aim of promoting a diverse 'social mix' of population. Green building has yet to prove itself as a solution for the masses. The sale price of an apartment in a certified green building is significantly higher than what would be justified by either the additional construction costs required to build it, or the energy and water saving potential that can be realized by using it. The tale of two countries presented here suggests that neither the mechanisms of the market nor the proclamations of a welfare state can easily overcome this dilemma. What is needed is a new type of thinking, which can only emerge once the concept of "value" reflects not only the realities of a free-market economy, but also those of a planet which turns out to be distinctly limited in its resources.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 109 p. 39 illus., 32 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030380366
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science,
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Environment. ; Natural disasters. ; Urban economics. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Urban Economics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. Arresting/Controlling Salt Water Contamination Of Coastal Aquifers -- Chapter3. Structures That Protect Sea Coast Populations, Assets, And GDPs: Sea Dikes, Breakwaters, Sea Walls -- Chapter4. Coastal City Flooding -- Chapter5. Physical Care: Lessening Impacts From Other Natural Hazards -- Chapter6. Disease Protection In Sea Coast (And Inland) Cities: Problems in Dense Populations with Shantytowns/Slums -- Chapter7. An Example of Coastal Cities Hazard Exposure and Economics -- Chapter8. Decisions, Costs, Funding To Protect Coastal Cities: Populations And Assets (Personal And Municipal/National).
    Abstract: This book discusses the identification of, solutions to, and management of threats to high population coastal cities and their seaports from global warming, climate change and endemic hazards. These include prevention of sea water intrusion of freshwater coastal aquifers, emplacement of barriers that mitigate the threats from sea level rise, and inundation of urban centers plus those from storm surges that cause flooding and salination of inshore terrain. The book assesses mitigation of the effects of extreme weather events such as drought, and major flooding from heavy rainfall on coastal urban centers, or on associated drainage basins. It also considers how coastal cities can counter vulnerabilities from other physical hazards (e.g., earthquakes - building codes) and health hazards (e.g., pollution, public health response - preparedness) that may be related to a city’s geological/geographical location and service as a port of entry for goods and travelers (regional and international). The book also cites the high costs of safeguarding citizen and municipal assets, but notes possible sources of potential funding especially from less developed and developing nations. The book is written to give strong background information to students majoring in environmental sciences or those in other majors with interests in the effects of global warming/climate change, and will be of interest to social scientists, think tank personnel, government planners, and lay persons in environmentally oriented organizations. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 86 p. 4 illus., 3 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030226695
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Human geography. ; Physical geography. ; Korea History. ; Economic development. ; World politics. ; Human Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; History of Korea. ; Development Studies. ; Political History.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter One: Watery Introductions -- Chapter Two: Geographies and Histories of Fish and Fishing -- Chapter Three: Fish, Fishing Infrastructures and Fishing Knowledge (s) as Vibrant Matter -- Chapter Four: Fishing in North Korea, a History and a Geography -- Chapter Five: Gageodo, Dalian and Slavankya…Lively Matters in the Neighbourhood -- Chapter Six: Sindo, the Informal Life Politics of Fishing -- Chapter Seven: Lively Conclusions.
    Abstract: This open access book explores the histories and geographies of fishing in North Korea and the surrounding nations. With the ideological and environmental history of North Korea in mind, the book examines the complex interactions between local communities, fish themselves, wider ecosystems and the politics of Pyongyang through the lens of critical geography, fisheries statistics and management science as well as North Korean and more generally Korean and East Asian studies. There is increasing global interest in North Korea, its politics, people and landscapes, and as such, this book describes encounters with North Korean fishing communities, as well as unusual moments in the field in the People’s Republic of China, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Korea (South Korea). It addresses fish, fishing infrastructure, fishing science and fishing statistics and other non-human elements of North Korean and other nations’ developmental regimes as actors and participants within them as much as humans and their technologies. The book enables readers to gain extensive insights into the aspirations and practices of fishing in North Korea and its neighbours, the navigation of difficult political and developmental situations and changing ecological realities in a time of environmental and climate crisis familiar to many across the globe.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 202 p. 14 illus., 13 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811500428
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Sociology, Urban. ; Sustainability. ; Physical geography. ; Cultural property. ; Urban Sociology. ; Sustainability. ; Physical Geography. ; Cultural Heritage.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Framing the Discourse of Urban Green-provision and Constructions of Nation: Western Policies and Singapore’s Debate -- Design and Planning of Singapore’s Public Open Space, Parks and Gardens in the Early Colonial Times -- The British Colonial Planning Model provides an Integrated System of Public Open Spaces: the 1958 Master Plan -- Parks for the Community: the Modernist City State Planning Model -- Design of Parks and Public Open Space in the Post-Modern: from Creation of Character and Visual Identity to Theme – Gardens -- Heritage Parks. Re-purposing and Thematizing Colonial Gardens: Construction of History and Nation in City Parks -- Singapore’s Green Infrastructure Concept and Biophilic Urbanism -- The ‘Singapore Playground’: System of Themed Public Parks Conceived as Green Infrastructure. Building Environmental, Social and Cultural Sustainability through Nature-Reconstruction, Community Participation and Identity-Making -- Conclusions.
    Abstract: This book traces the evolution of Singapore’s parks system, from colonial to present times. Further, it contextualizes the design and planning of parks in the general discourse on western and eastern traditions: early twentieth century western conceptions ‘imported’ during colonialism; modernism; postmodernism, and the contemporary ecological debate. Park system planning products respond to national policies and result in structural urban elements and a range of park types. Global (western ideology) and local issues have influenced park system planning and the physical design of individual parks over time. However, in Singapore the eastern literature has not addressed the development of parks and urban green spaces in terms of historical perspective. The publication reveals the interrelations between visual representations and changing political ideologies. Singapore’s system of public parks is shown to represent an iconography created by the state. Its set of constructed narratives elucidates on the potential social, cultural and environmental roles of public parks. However, Singapore’s park system presents a novel paradigm for expanding Asian cities, characterized by evolving urban imaging strategies. In framing Singapore’s case study within the broader perspective of eastern applications of western planning and design practices, and constructions of nation in post-colonial countries, the manuscript establishes the contribution of the Singaporean model of design and planning of parks to the international debate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXX, 355 p. 97 illus., 75 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811367465
    Series Statement: Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements,
    DDC: 307.76
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Economic geography. ; Physical geography. ; Regionalism. ; Economic Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Regionalism.
    Description / Table of Contents: Geo-Environmental Setting -- Brief Introduction of Case Study Villages -- Economic Implications of Shifting Cultivation -- Ecological Implications of Shifting Cultivation -- Recent Changes in Farming Systems at State Level -- New Land Use Policy and Sustainable Permanent Agriculture.
    Abstract: This book presents the first empirically tested, comprehensive study on shifting cultivation in Mizoram. Shifting cultivation is a unique and centuries-old practice carried out by the people of Mizoram in Northeast India. Today, it is a non-economic activity as it does not produce sufficient crops, and as a result, the area under shifting cultivation is decreasing. Such cultivation leads to the burning and degradation of vast areas of forestland and therefore has adverse impacts on the floral and faunal resources. This book is a valuable resource for government workers, policymakers, academics, farmers and those who are directly or indirectly associated with practical farming, or with framing and implementing policies. It is equally important to master’s and Ph.D. students of geography, resource management, development, and environmental studies who are involved in research and development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIV, 149 p. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030366025
    Series Statement: Environmental Science,
    DDC: 330.9
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Geology. ; Paleoecology. ; Sedimentology. ; Physical Geography. ; Water. ; Geology. ; Paleoecology. ; Sedimentology.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Neuquén Basin: Stratigraphy, subsidence controls and basin closure -- Heterogeneities and syn-rift evolution of Late Triassic-Early Jurassic Precuyano Cycle -- Structure of the Precuyo synrift in the Valenciana depocenter -- Structure of the Precuyo synrift in the Cara Cura-Sierra de Reyes depocenter -- Early Jurassic magmatism -- High-resolution sequence stratigraphy and main controls of the Middle Jurassic Cuyo Group -- Depositional environments and hyperpycnal shelfal sedimentation in the Late Jurassic Lotena Formation -- Environmental controls and facies architecture of a Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) carbonate episode (La Manga Formation) -- The Cuyo and lower Mendoza cycles in the Aconcagua fold and thrust belt -- The extensional control of the Late Jurassic units -- Morphostructural configuration and sedimentary evolution of the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous Vaca Muerta –Quintuco system -- Magnetostratigraphy of the Early Jurassic – Early Cretaceous in the Neuquén Basin -- Orbital controls and high-resolution cyclostratigraphy of Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous in the Neuquén Basin (Lower Callovian – Early Barremian) -- Sedimentary evolution of the continental Late Cretaceous Neuquén Group -- The Cretaceous contractional stage and the first synorogenic basin in the Neuquén Basin -- The origin of the Malargüe Basin -- The Late Cretaceous-Paleocene extension -- The Paleocene to early Oligocene lull -- Causes and extent of the Oligocene extension -- The Late Cretaceous to Oligocene magmatism -- The Miocene orogenesis related to the subduction of the Payenia hot spot -- The Miocene magmatism in the Malargüe fold and thrust belt -- The structure of the Malargüe fold and thrust belt -- Thermochronological constraints on the exhumation of the Malargüe fold and thrust belt -- Structure and thermochronological constraints on the exhumation of the Chos Malal fold and thrust belt -- The structure and exhumation of the Agrio fold and thrust belt -- The Quaternary deformation in the Neuquén Basin and the impact of the Payenia hot spot.
    Abstract: This book provides an overview of newly gathered material focusing on the opening and closure of The Neuquén Basin. The Neuquén Basin contains the most important hydrocarbon reservoirs in Argentina and therefore is characterized by a profound knowledge of the sedimentation mechanisms and closure times. During the last 10 years a considerable amount of new information has been produced that illustrates a complex evolution that involves more than one synrift stage during its evolution, an aborted sag phase associated with the inception of a first foreland basin in late Early Cretaceous times, two extensional destabilizations in the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene and late Oligocene times and a Neogene magmatic expansion coetaneous to a last mountain building. These processes have produced a polyphasic complex structure that exhumed the rich sedimentary record that characterizes the basin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 513 p. 177 illus., 165 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030296803
    Series Statement: Springer Earth System Sciences,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geology. ; Geomorphology. ; Physical geography. ; Geochemistry. ; Geography. ; Geology. ; Geomorphology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geochemistry. ; Regional Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. Evolving Early Earth: Insights from Peninsular India -- Chapter3. Tracking India within Precambrian supercontinent cycles -- Chapter4. Proterozoic Sedimentary basins of India -- Chapter5. Oxygenation of early atmosphere and potential stratigraphic records from India -- Chapter6. Early life from the Proterozoic sedimentary basins of India -- Chapter7. Geodynamics of Gondwanaland -- Chapter8. Cretaceous Volcanism in Peninsular India: Rajmahal_Sylhet, Deccan Traps -- Chapter9. Phanerozoic Mass Extinctions and Indian Stratigraphic Records -- Chapter10. Geological Evolution of the Himalayan Mountains -- Chapter11. Cenozoic Himalayan foreland basin: an overview and regional perspective of the evolving sedimentary succession -- Chapter12. Active tectonics of Himalayan frontal fault zone in the Sub Himalaya -- Chapter13. Late Quaternary evolution and morphostratigraphic development of the Ganga Plains -- Chapter14. Evolution and development of the Indian Monsoon -- Chapter15. Climate Change over the Indian sub-continent.
    Abstract: This book provides insights on new geological, tectonic, and climatic developments in India through a time progression from the Archean to the Anthropocene that are captured via authoritative entries from experts in earth sciences. This volume aims to bring graduate students and researchers up to date on the geodynamic evolution of the Indian Plate; concepts that have so far resulted in a rather uneven treatment of the subject at different institutions. The book is divided into 4 sections and includes perspectives such as the formation and evolution of the Indian crust in comparison to its neighbors such as Antarctica, Africa and Australia; the evolution of Precambrian cratons and sedimentary basins of India; and a summary account of early life reported in the Indian stratigraphic record. Readers will also discover the key recent research into the neotectonics, tectonic geomorphology, and paleoseismology of the Himalayan Front. Researchers and students in geology, earth sciences, sedimentology, paleobiology and geography will find this book appealing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 574 p. 173 illus., 139 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030159894
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Human geography. ; Urban ecology (Biology). ; Sustainability. ; Soil science. ; Physical geography. ; Human Geography. ; Urban Ecology. ; Sustainability. ; Soil Science. ; Physical Geography.
    Abstract: These proceedings of the Smart and Sustainable Cities Conference (SSC) in Moscow from May 23 to 26, 2018 addresses important questions regarding the global trend of urbanization. What are the environmental consequences of megacities’ expansion? What smart solutions can make life in cities safe, comfortable and environmentally friendly? It is projected that 70% of the global population will live in cities by 2050, and as such the book describes how this rapid urbanization will alter the face of the world. Focusing on solutions for the environmental problems of modern megapolises, it discusses advanced approaches and smart technologies to monitor, model and assess the environmental consequences and risks. The contributors present examples of successful sustainable urban development, including management and design of green infrastructure, waste management, run-off purification and remediation of urban soils. The SSC conference and its proceedings offer a valuable contribution to sustainable urban development, and are of interest to the scientific and research community, municipal services, environmental protection agencies, landscape architects, civil engineers, policy makers and other stakeholders in urban management and greenery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 280 p. 117 illus., 97 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030160913
    Series Statement: Springer Geography,
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Ethnology. ; Human geography. ; Cultural geography. ; Physical geography. ; Economic development. ; Biotic communities. ; Population biology. ; Ethnography. ; Social and Cultural Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Development Studies. ; Community and Population Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Chapter 1. The Manu Area of the Peruvian Amazon: Ethnographic Explorations -- Chapter 2. Uncovering Enchantments -- Chapter 3. The Enchantments of Speed and Political Integration -- Chapter 4. The Enchantment of Economic Connectivity -- Chapter 5. Territoriality and Power -- Chapter 6. Conclusion.
    Abstract: This book provides in-depth insights into the construction of the first road to reach riparian communities and the main access point to a national park in the Amazonian rain forest. It is based on an ethnographic investigation in Peru’s Manu Province in the Amazon, which explored diverse local attitudes towards the construction of a road in the overlapping buffer zone of two protected areas: the Manu National Park and the Amarakaeri Communal Reserve. The book reveals the applicability of Harvey and Knox’s concept of ‘enchantments of infrastructure’ in the case of first roads, but also makes accessible wider debates in political ecology such as territoriality and frontier development. The promise of first roads sparks feelings of aspiration and anticipation of the advent of development through speedy travel, economic connectivity and political integration. Yet these developments seldom take shape as expected. The author explores the perspectives, social dynamics and political maneuvers that influence first road building processes in the Amazon, which have applicability to experiences and strategies of road development elsewhere.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 132 p. 11 illus., 10 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030471828
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Latin American Studies,
    DDC: 305.8
    Language: English
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  • 26
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geology. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Urban hydrology -- 3. Research of rainwater infiltration -- 4. Percolation facilities -- 5. Legislation – technical standards -- 6. Results of research- Design of percolation facility -- 7. Recommendations.
    Abstract: The book presents a comprehensive study of the percolation of water from surface runoff with a focus on the retention capacity and intensity of precipitation. Discussing the state of the art in scientific knowledge and solutions for the infiltration of water from surface runoff, the book addresses a wide variety of rainwater management issues, from precipitation, surface runoff and water infiltration, to impact on the drainage system. Although modern urban hydrology has improved the management of rainwater runoff for flood protection, public health, and environmental protection, current methods of drainage in urban areas mean that there is a continued threat to the regime of water flow and water resources. In this context, the book presents a new approach to rainwater management based on a unique fusion of hydrology, hydrogeology, urban engineering, and water management. It also includes research findings that are helpful in developing recommendations and technical guidelines for the use of infiltration systems in urban areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 141 p. 94 illus., 82 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030346980
    Series Statement: Water Science and Technology Library, 89
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Economic development. ; Environmental management. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Development Studies. ; Environmental Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Delta challenges and trade-offs from the Holocene to the Anthropocene -- 2. Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta, Bangladesh and India: A transnational mega-delta -- 3. The Mahanadi Delta: A rapidly developing delta in India -- 4. The Volta Delta, Ghana: challenges in an African setting -- 5. Fluvial sediment supply and relative sea-level rise -- 6. Hotspots of present and future risk within deltas; hazards, exposure and vulnerability -- 7. Where people live and move in deltas -- 8. Delta economics and sustainability -- 9. Adapting to change: People and policies -- 10. Choices: Future trade-offs and plausible pathways -- 11. Sustainable deltas in the Anthropocene.
    Abstract: The Anthropocene is the human-dominated modern era that has accelerated social, environmental and climate change across the world in the last few decades. This open access book examines the challenges the Anthropocene presents to the sustainable management of deltas, both the many threats as well as the opportunities. In the world’s deltas the Anthropocene is manifest in major land use change, the damming of rivers, the engineering of coasts and the growth of some of the world’s largest megacities; deltas are home to one in twelve of all people in the world. The book explores bio-physical and social dynamics and makes clear adaptation choices and trade-offs that underpin policy and governance processes, including visionary delta management plans. It details new analysis to illustrate these challenges, based on three significant and contrasting deltas: the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna, Mahanadi and Volta. This multi-disciplinary, policy-orientated volume is strongly aligned to the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals as delta populations often experience extremes of poverty, gender and structural inequality, variable levels of health and well-being, while being vulnerable to extreme and systematic climate change. Robert J Nicholls is Professor of Coastal Engineering within Engineering and Physical Sciences at the University of Southampton, UK. He has contributed to a wide range of influential national and international publications including the IPCC Assessment Reports. W Neil Adger is Professor of Human Geography at the University of Exeter, UK. His research examines demographic, political economy, public health and well-being aspects of the Anthropocene. Craig W Hutton is Professor of Sustainability Science within Geography and Environment at the University of Southampton, UK. His research focuses on spatial analysis of vulnerability and the incorporation of sustainable management, policy and governance into decision-making processes. Susan E Hanson is Research Fellow within Engineering and Physical Sciences at the University of Southampton, UK. She specializes in coastal vulnerability and management, particularly as a consequence of climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXXIII, 282 p. 55 illus., 52 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030235178
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 28
    Keywords: Pollution. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Management of Surface Water Resources In Romania -- The Vulnerability of Water Resources From Eastern Romania to Anthropic Impact and Climate Changes -- Romanian Danube River Floodplain Functionality Assessment -- Romanian Upper Tisa Watershed, Between Water Resources and Hydrological Hazards -- Causes and Effects of Water Pollution in Romania -- Assessment of Some Diurnal Streamwater Profiles in Western and Northern Romania in Relation to Meteorological Data -- Water Resources Management in Razim-Sinoie Lakes Ecosystems -- Particularities of Drain Liquid in the Small Wetland of Braila Natural Park, Romania -- Water Supply Challenges and Achievements in Constanta County -- Drinking Water Supply Systems - Evolution towards Efficiency -- Water Resources Management in Siret Catchment -- Particular Hydrological Manifestations on the Lower Danube in the Current Climate -- Hydrological Impacts of Climate Changes in Romania and Adaptation Strategies -- Implementation of EU Water Framework Directive (2000/60/CE) in Romania - European Qualitative Requirements -- Drought and Insolvency: Case study of the Producer-Buyer Conflict (Romania, the period between the year 2011-2012) -- Conclusions and Recomendations. .
    Abstract: This book discusses water resources management in Romania from a hydrological perspective, presenting the latest research developments and state-of-the-art knowledge that can be applied to efficiently solve a variety of problems in integrated water resources management. It focuses on a wide range of water resources issues – from hydrology and water quantity, quality and supply to flood protection, hydrological hazards and ecosystems, and includes case studies from various watersheds in Romania. As such, the book appeals to researchers, practitioners and graduates as well as to anybody interested in water resources management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 591 p. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030223205
    Series Statement: Springer Water,
    DDC: 363.73
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Archaeology. ; Paleontology . ; Environmental management. ; Geology. ; Physical Geography. ; Conservation Biology. ; Archaeology. ; Paleontology. ; Environmental Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- 200 years of karst research in the Lagoa Santa area -- Geology of the Lagoa Santa Karst -- The vegetation of the karst region -- Fauna of the Lagoa Santa Karst -- Hydrological behaviour of karst lakes -- Karst soils and their relationship to geomorphology -- Karst landforms -- Karst groundwater routes and dynamics -- Speleogenesis in the Lagoa Santa Karst.
    Abstract: This book discusses the Lagoa Santa Karst, which has been internationally known since the pioneering studies of the Danish naturalist Peter Lund in the early 1800s. It covers the speleogenesis, geology, vegetation, fauna, hydrogeology, geomorphology, and anthropogenic use of the Lagoa Santa Karst and is the first English-language book on this major karst area. The area, which has been at the heart of the debate on the origin and age of human colonization in the Americas, is characterized by a classical and scenic karst landscape with limestone cliffs, karst lakes and karst plains, in addition to numerous solution dolines. More than 1,000 caves have been documented in the area, many with significant archeological and paleontological value. Despite its great importance, the Lagoa Santa Karst faces severe environmental threats due to limestone mining and the expansion of the metropolis of Belo Horizonte and its surrounding towns. The growing recognition of the area’s remarkable significance has led to increasing concern, and a number of protected areas have now been established, improving the conservation status of this landmark karst area.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 330 p. 204 illus., 178 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030359409
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geography. ; Human geography. ; Physical geography. ; Economic geography. ; Regional Geography. ; Human Geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Economic Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Slovenia: A European Landscape Hotspot (Drago Perko, Rok Ciglič, Matija Zorn) -- Part I: Physical geography -- Chapter 2. Rocks and Tectonic Structure of Slovenia(Mauro Hrvatin, Jure Tičar, Matija Zorn) -- Chapter 3. Landforms of Slovenia (Matija Zorn, Mateja Ferk, Matej Lipar, Blaž Komac, Jure Tičar, Mauro Hrvatin) -- Chapter 4. Waters of Slovenia(Mauro Hrvatin, Miha Pavšek, Maja Topole) -- Chapter 5. Climate and weather of Slovenia (Blaž Komac, Miha Pavšek, Maja Topole) -- Chapter 6. Soils of Slovenia (Matija Zorn, Mateja Breg Valjavec, Blaž Komac, Manca Volk Bahun, Mauro Hrvatin) -- Chapter 7. Biodiversity of Slovenia (Urban Šilc, Branko Vreš, Tatjana Čelik, Matjaž Gregorič) -- Part II: Human geography -- Chapter 8. The History of Slovenia: Archaeological Evidence from Prehistory to the Slavs (Matija Turk, Anton Velušček, Primož Pavlin, Sneža Tecco Hvala, Lucija Grahek, Jana Horvat, Marjeta Šašel Kos, Zvezdana Modrijan, Andrej Pleterski) -- Chapter 9. The History of Slovenia: The Middle Ages to the Present (Miha Kosi, Miha Preinfalk, Petra Svoljšak) -- Chapter 10. Slovenia’s Population (Drago Kladnik, Jani Kozina, Peter Repolusk) -- Chapter 11. The Settlement System in Slovenia (David Bole, Maruša Goluža, Jernej Tiran, Peter Kumer, Maja Topole, Janez Nared) -- Chapter 12. Slovenian Economy (Janez Nared, David Bole, Nika Razpotnik Visković, Jernej Tiran) -- Chapter 13. Culture in Slovenia (Mimi Urbanc, Mateja Šmid Hribar, Peter Kumer) -- Part III: Regional geography -- Chapter 14. Slovenia’s Landscapes (Drago Perko, Rok Ciglič) -- Chapter 15. Slovenia’s Regions (Drago Perko, Rok Ciglič) -- Chapter 16. Slovenia on maps (Primož Gašperič, Jerneja Fridl, Manca Volk Bahun) -- Part IV: Human impact on environment -- Chapter 17. Natural hazards in Slovenia (Blaž Komac, Mateja Ferk, Primož Pipan, Jure Tičar, Matija Zorn) -- Chapter 18. Land use in Slovenia (Matej Gabrovec, Peter Kumer, Daniela Ribeiro, Mateja Šmid Hribar) -- Chapter 19. Regional development in Slovenia (Janez Nared) -- Chapter 20. Human-induced degradation in Slovenia (Aleš Smrekar, Mateja Breg Valjavec, Katarina Polajnar Horvat) -- Chapter 21. Slovenia’s Protected Areas (Aleš Smrekar, Katarina Polajnar Horvat, Daniela Ribeiro) -- Part V: Slovenia and the World -- Chapter 22. Slovenia: Comparisons (Drago Kladnik, Matjaž Geršič) -- Chapter 23. Slovenia's records and outstanding features (Drago Perko, Matjaž Geršič).
    Abstract: This book is the first to give a comprehensive and detailed overview of the complete geography of Slovenia in English. Only very few countries, even considerably larger ones, can boast the landscape diversity found in Slovenia since the Alps, the Pannonian Basin, the Dinaric Alps, and the Mediterranean meet and interweave in this small corner of Central Europe, as do Germanic, Hungarian, Slavic, and Romance cultural influences. The book provides a systematical overview of physical and human geographical elements of Slovenia from landforms to cultural characteristics. Special attention is given to landscape diversity, to the presentation of Slovene landscape types and regions, to some particularities and interesting facts of Slovenia, and to the position of Slovenia in the World. The book also illustrates some other important geographical phenomena, processes and interactions between nature and society in nowadays Slovenia. This volume appeals to researchers as well as students in the field of regional geography. It can also serve as a source for complete background information as well as a field guide for Slovenia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 360 p. 234 illus., 197 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030140663
    Series Statement: World Regional Geography Book Series,
    DDC: 910.021
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Arts. ; Earth sciences. ; Natural disasters. ; Physical geography. ; Fine Art. ; Earth Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Earth -- Chapter 3. Water -- Chapter 4. Air -- Chapter 5. Fire -- Conclusions -- Postscript -- References.
    Abstract: This beautiful art book portrays the forces of nature through the main elements of Earth, Water, Air, Fire. It is composed from a large selection of unique images of a wide variety of sources, mostly private collections. It is a highly illustrated book, containing reproductions of rare engravings, maps both old and new, sketches, and diagrams. The book is a sequel to ‘The Illustrated History of Natural Disasters’, published in 2010. While the first book provided a detailed look into two main kinds of natural disasters (of Seismic and Volcanic character), this volume presents natural disasters of all kinds: Geophysical, Hydrological, Climatological and Biological. The book is divided into three parts: the first part introduces the leading question as to whether the elements should be regarded as constructive, for giving origin to life on Earth, or destructive given the impact of natural disasters to society throughout history; the second illustrates the positive effects of nature’s elements; and the third part depicts and contextualizes the history of natural disasters such as Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Volcano Eruptions, Landslides, Avalanches, Droughts, Storms, Fires, among others. Regardless of the fact that the order of filing the historical images in the present book according to obsolete classical four-elements concept by Empedocles and Aristotle, in the book text also a new, modern class of element-like categories, fitting the present gnosis in physics, is propound.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 273 p. 283 illus., 281 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030214265
    DDC: 700
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Fluid mechanics. ; Geography Mathematics. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Engineering Fluid Dynamics. ; Mathematics of Planet Earth. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Fundamentals 1 -- Chapter 2. Fundamentals 2 -- Chapter 3. Fundamentals 3 -- Chapter 4. Aerodynamics -- Chapter 5. Waves -- Chapter 6. Instabilities -- Chapter 7. Chaos and Turbulence: an introduction -- Chapter 8. Some magneto hydrodynamics.
    Abstract: This introductory book addresses a broad range of classical Fluid Dynamics topics, interesting applications, and related problems in everyday life. The geophysical and astrophysical applications discussed concern e.g. the shape and internal structure of the Earth and stars, the dynamics of the atmosphere and ocean, hydrodynamic instabilities, and the different kinds of waves that can be found in the atmosphere, ocean and solid Earth. Non-linear waves (solitons) are also mentioned. In turn, the book explores problems from everyday life, including the motion of golf balls, life at low Reynolds numbers, the physics of sailing, and the aerodynamics of airplanes and Grand Prix cars. No book on this topic would be complete without a look at chaos and turbulence; here the problems span from Gaussian plumes to chaotic dynamos, to stochastic climate modeling. Advances in fluid dynamics have produced a wealth of numerical methods and techniques, which are used in many of the applications. Given its structure, the book can be used both for an introductory course to fluid dynamics and as preparation for more advanced problems typical of graduate-level courses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 326 p. 126 illus., 1 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030495626
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Environmental management. ; Physical geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Environmental policy. ; Environmental Management. ; Physical Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Conservation Biology. ; Environmental Policy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1: Geographies of Hope and Despair: Land Cover and Land Use on Islands -- Chapter2: Economic and Related Aspects of Land Use on Islands: A Meta Perspective -- Chapter3: Social-Ecological Drivers of Land Cover/Land Use Change on Islands: A Synthesis of the Patterns and Processes of Change. Chapter4: Transitions and Drivers of Land Use/Land Cover Change in Hawai’i: A Case Study of Maui -- Chapter5: Threats of Climate Change in Small Oceanic Islands: The Case of Climate and Agriculture in the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador -- Chapter6: Galapagos is a Garden -- Chapter7: Evaluating Land Cover Change on the Island of Santa Cruz, Galapagos Archipelago of Ecuador through Cloud-Gap Filling and Multi-Sensor Analysis -- Chapter8: Human and Natural Environments, Island of Santa Cruz, Galapagos: A Model-Based Approach to Link Land Cover/Land Use Changes to Direct and Indirect Socio-Economic Drivers of Change -- Chapter9: How do Non-Native Plants Influence Soil Nutrients along a Hydroclimate Gradient on San Cristobal Island, Galapagos? -- Chapter10: A Critical Physical Geography of Landscape Changes in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, 1950s – 2005 -- Chapter11: Reframing the Competition for Land Between Food and Energy in Indonesia -- Chapter12: The Carbon Balance of Tropical Islands: Lessons from Soil Respiration -- Chapter13: Impacts and Management of Invasive Species in the UK Overseas Territories.
    Abstract: Globalization is not a new phenomenon, but it is posing new challenges to humans and natural ecosystems in the 21st century. From climate change to increasingly mobile human populations to the global economy, the relationship between humans and their environment is being modified in ways that will have long-term impacts on ecological health, biodiversity, ecosystem goods and services, population vulnerability, and sustainability. These changes and challenges are perhaps nowhere more evident than in island ecosystems. Buffeted by rising ocean temperatures, extreme weather events, sea-level rise, climate change, tourism, population migration, invasive species, and resource limitations, islands represent both the greatest vulnerability to globalization and also the greatest scientific opportunity to study the significance of global changes on ecosystem processes, human-environment interactions, conservation, environmental policy, and island sustainability. In this book, we study islands through the lens of Land Cover/Land Use Change (LCLUC) and the multi-scale and multi-thematic drivers of change. In addition to assessing the key processes that shape and re-shape island ecosystems and their land cover/land use changes, the book highlights measurement and assessment methods to characterize patterns and trajectories of change and models to examine the social-ecological drivers of change on islands. For instance, chapters report on the results of a meta-analysis to examine trends in published literature on islands, a satellite image time-series to track changes in urbanization, social surveys to support household analyses, field sampling to represent the state of resources and their limitations on islands, and dynamic systems models to link socio-economic data to LCLUC patterns. The authors report on a diversity of islands, conditions, and circumstances that affect LCLUC patterns and processes, often informed through perspectives rooted, for instance, in conservation, demography, ecology, economics, geography, policy, and sociology. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 307 p. 80 illus., 66 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030439736
    Series Statement: Social and Ecological Interactions in the Galapagos Islands,
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Economic geography. ; Microeconomics. ; Environmental policy. ; Physical geography. ; Animal culture. ; Economic Geography. ; Microeconomics. ; Environmental Policy. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Animal Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: INTRODUCTION -- 1. Small-scale fisheries in Europe.-2. The evolution of the EU Common Fisheries Policy and small-scale fisheries: Fighting for recognition -- 3.Focusing on the problems and the management of small-scale fisheries in Greece: Myopia, presbyopia or astigmatism? -- 4. Small-scale fisheries in Spain: challenges and prospects -- 5. Small-scale fisheries in Portugal -- 6. The unexploited potential of Small Scale Fisheries in Italy: analysis and perspectives on the status and resilience of a neglected fishery sector -- 7. Small scale fisheries in France: activity and governance issues -- 8. How is fishery management perceived by Croatian small-scale fishermen: Should I stay or should I go? -- 9. Fishing in the NE Adriatic, Slovenia: from borders to projects -- 10. Governance and socio economic implications of the Black Sea small scale fisheries (Bulgaria) -- 11. Small-scale fisheries in Romania: Transformation, vulnerability and change in a sturgeon fishermen community from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Romania) -- 12. The current status and challenges facing the small-scale fisheries of Turkey -- 13.Small-scale fisheries in Malta: trends and challenges -- 14. Losing space: exploring the Blue Economy and the marginalisation of the small-scale fishers in Cyprus -- 15. Small-scale fisheries in the United Kingdom.-16. Learning from experience in Irish inshore fisheries management.-17. Small-scale fisheries in Iceland: Local voices and global complexities.-18. “…here in my heart” The important of small-scale fishing for Greenlandic society and as a way of life -- 19. Title Small-scale fisheries in Belgium -- 20. Small-scale fisheries in the Netherlands; learning from governance responses for a better future.-21. Small scale fisheries in Germany -- 22. Fisheries in Denmark -- 23. Who won, who lost within the Polish coastal fisheries -- 24. “Nice harbour but where are the fishers?” Critical insight into fisheries policies and its effects to small-scale fisheries in Estonia -- 25. Swedish small-scale fisheries in the Baltic Sea -- 26. Finnish small-scale fisheries: marginalization or revival? -- 27. Small scale fisheries in Norway -- 28. Challenges of governing coastal fisheries in Northwest Russia -- 29. Small-scale fisheries in Europe: tenure, markets, inclusiveness and governance challenges -- 30. The future of small-scale fisheries in Europe.
    Abstract: This book offers a comprehensive account of the status and dynamics of people participating in the small-scale fisheries (SSF) of Europe. It covers the situation of SSF in 25 coastal countries, thereby providing a portrait of almost every coastal country on the continent and analyzing the recent evolution of the sector. Small-scale fisheries are argued to be extremely important in Europe, as they provide employment and welfare, while increasing food sovereignty and maintaining communities in coastal areas. The recent worldwide focus on SSF derives from their environmental sustainability, which distinguishes many of their activities from those of large-scale fisheries. This book analyses the diversity of SSF and shows how fishing communities have sometimes developed successful governing models, demonstrating social and economic resilience. While the book emphasizes the strengths of SSF and the synergies that occur with other marine sectors, it also presents cases of failure, in which collective action and policy have actually contributed to a weakening of the sector. In this context, the book shows how governmental policies toward SSF vary considerably from country to country, in a way that is not entirely consistent with European policies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 610 p. 114 illus., 78 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030373719
    Series Statement: MARE Publication Series, 23
    DDC: 330.9
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Human geography. ; Forestry. ; Soil science. ; Physical geography. ; Economic sociology. ; Human Geography. ; Forestry. ; Soil Science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Economic Sociology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Commodification of Nature on the Plantation Frontier -- 2. Geomorphological Landscapes of Borneo and Riverine Society of the Kemena Catchment, Sarawak -- 3. Land-use Types along the Kemena River–Tubau–Lower Jelalong Region, Sarawak -- 4. Trend Analysis of Rainfall Characteristics in the Kemena and Tatau River Basins, Sarawak -- 5. Multiethnic Society of Northwest Borneo: An Ethnographic Analysis -- 6. Commodified Frontier: Jungle Produce Trade and Kemena Basin Society in History -- 7. The History of Local Communities: Migration, Kin Relations and Ethnicity -- 8. Diversity of Medium- to Large-sized Ground-dwelling Mammals and Terrestrial Birds in Sarawak -- 9. Species Composition and Use of Natural Salt Licks by Wildlife Inside a Production Forest Environment in Central Sarawak.-10. Above-Ground Biomass and Tree Species Diversity in Anap Sustainable Development Unit, Sarawak -- 11. Influence of Herbicide Use in Oil Palm Plantations on Stream Water Chemistry in Sarawak -- 12. Spatial Variations in Dissolved and Particulate Organic Carbon in the Kemena and Tatau Rivers, Sarawak -- 13. Stream Fish Biodiversity and the Effects of Plantations in the Bintulu Region, Sarawak -- 14. The Effects of Landscape and Livelihood Transitions on Hunting Activity in Sarawak -- 15. From River to Road? Changing Living Patterns and Land Use of Inland Indigenous Peoples -- 16. The Impact of RSPO Certification on Oil Palm Smallholdings in Sarawak -- 17. The Autonomy and Sustainability of Small-scale Oil Palm Farming in Sarawak -- 18. The Bird’s Nest Commodity Chain between Sarawak and China -- 19. The Feeding Ecology of Edible Nest Swiftlets in a Modified Landscape in Sarawak -- 20. Swiftlet Farming: New Commodity Chains and Techniques -- 21. Current Status and Distribution of Communally Reserved Forests in a Human-modified Landscape in Bintulu, Sarawak -- 22. Transitions in the Utilisation and Trade of Rattan in Sarawak: Past to Present, Local to Global -- 23. Oil Palm Plantations and Bezoar Stones: An Ethnographic Sketch of Human–Nature Interactions in Sarawak -- 24. Estate and Smallholding Oil Palm Production in Sarawak: A Comparison of Profitability and Greenhouse Gas Emissions -- 25. Tropical Timber Trading from Southeast Asia to Japan -- 26. Certifying Borneo’s Forest Landscape: Implementation Process of Forest Certification in Sarawak -- 27. Changing Patterns of Sarawak’s Exports, c.1870–2013 -- 28. Into a New Epoch: Capitalist Nature in the Plantationocene.
    Abstract: The studies in this volume provide an ethnography of a plantation frontier in central Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Drawing on the expertise of both natural scientists and social scientists, the key focus is the process of commodification of nature that has turned the local landscape into anthropogenic tropical forests. Analysing the transformation of the space of mixed landscapes and multiethnic communities—driven by trade in forest products, logging and the cultivation of oil palm—the contributors explore the changing nature of the environment, multispecies interactions, and the metabolism between capitalism and nature. The project involved the collaboration of researchers specialising in anthropology, geography, Southeast Asian history, global history, area studies, political ecology, environmental economics, plant ecology, animal ecology, forest ecology, hydrology, ichthyology, geomorphology and life-cycle assessment. Collectively, the transdisciplinary research addresses a number of vital questions. How are material cycles and food webs altered as a result of large-scale land-use change? How have new commodity chains emerged while older ones have disappeared? What changes are associated with such shifts? What are the relationships among these three elements—commodity chains, material cycles and food webs? Attempts to answer these questions led the team to go beyond the dichotomy of society and nature as well as human and non-human. Rather, the research highlights complex relational entanglements of the two worlds, abruptly and forcibly connected by human-induced changes in an emergent and compelling resource frontier in maritime Southeast Asia. Chapters ‘Commodification of Nature on the Plantation Frontier’ and ‘Into a New Epoch: The Plantationocene’ are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XLIII, 641 p. 316 illus., 177 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811375132
    Series Statement: Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research,
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geomorphology. ; Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Geography. ; Environment. ; Geomorphology. ; Geology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Regional Geography. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Geomorphological landscapes of Eastern Canada: general overview -- Case studies, with at least one outstanding example from each of the major physiographic regions -- Geomorphological landscapes as heritage.
    Abstract: This is the only book to focus on the geomorphological landscapes of eastern Canada and provides a companion volume to “Landscapes and Landforms of Western Canada” (2017). There are a number of unique characteristics of eastern Canada’s landscapes, notably its magnificent coastlines, the extraordinary variety and extent of wetlands, the huge Great Lakes-St. Lawrence basin, the high incidence of meteorite craters , the spectacular Niagara Falls, urban karst in Montreal and Ottawa, youthful, glaciated karst in Ontario, Newfoundland, Quebec and Nova Scotia, the ubiquitous permafrost terrain of Nunavut, Labrador and northern Quebec and the magnificent arctic fjords and glaciers. Looking at coastlines, the tidal extremes of the Bay of Fundy are world renowned; the structural complexity of the island of Newfoundland is less well known, but produces an astounding variety of coastlines in close succession; the arctic fjordlands of Baffin and Ellesmere islands and the extravagant raised beaches of Hudson Bay bear comparison with the classic fjords of Norway and the Baltic Sea raised beaches. As for wetlands there are distinctive Arctic, Subarctic, Boreal, Eastern Temperate and Atlantic wetlands and their extent is second only to those of Russia. In the Hudson and James bay regions between 75-100% of the terrestrial surface is comprised of wetlands. One of North America’s largest river basins, the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence basin, has its source in Minnesota, straddles the USA-Canada border and debouches into Quebec as the St. Lawrence River and evolves through its estuary into the Gulf of St. Lawrence, a journey of almost 5,000 km. As far as meteorite craters are concerned, 10% of the world’s total are located in eastern Canada, including some of the largest and most complex. They are preserved preferentially in the ancient Shield terrain of Quebec. Finally, the three million km² of permafrost controlled relief in eastern Canada serves as a reminder of the vulnerability of eastern Canada’s landscapes to climate change. Effects of warming are expressed through thawing of the permafrost, disruption of transportation corridors and urban construction problems, ever-present geomorphic hazards.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 596 p. 411 illus., 387 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030351373
    Series Statement: World Geomorphological Landscapes,
    DDC: 551.41
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Archaeology. ; Physical geography. ; Social sciences. ; Humanities. ; Archaeology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Humanities and Social Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Prehistoric Archaeology of the European Continental Shelf: Introduction and Overview (Geoff Bailey, Nena Galanidou, Hans Peeters, Hauke Jöns and Moritz Mennenga) -- Part I: The Baltic and Scandinavia -- Chapter 2. The Baltic and Scandinavia: Introduction (Geoff Bailey and Hauke Jöns) -- Chapter 3. Denmark: Mesolithic Coastal Landscapes Submerged (Geoff Bailey, Søren Andersen and Thijs Maarleveld) -- Chapter 4. Sweden: Submerged Landscapes of the Early Mesolithic (Björn Nilsson, Anton Hansson and Arne Sjöström) -- Chapter 5. Germany: Submerged Sites in the South-Western Baltic and the Wadden Sea (Hauke Jöns, Friedrich Lüth, Svea Mahlstedt, Julia Goldhammer, Sönke Hartz and Hans-Joachim Kühn) -- Chapter 6. Norway: Submerged Stone Age from a Norwegian Perspective (Håkon Glørstad, Jostein Gundersen, Frode Kvalø, Pål Nymoen, David Simpson and Birgitte Skar) -- Part II: The Atlantic Margin and the North Sea -- Chapter 7. The Atlantic Margin and the North Sea: Introduction (Hans Peeters, Fraser Sturt and Kieran Westley) -- Chapter 8. The Netherlands: Probing into the Submerged Prehistoric Archaeology, Landscapes and Palaeontology of the Dutch Continental Shelf (Hans Peeters and Luc Amkreutz) -- Chapter 9. Belgium: Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology in the Intertidal and Subtidal Zones of the North Sea (Marnix Pieters, Tine Missiaen, Maikel De Clercq, Ine Demerre and Sven Van Haelst) -- Chapter 10. Great Britain: The Intertidal and Underwater Archaeology of Britain’s Submerged Landscapes (Geoff Bailey, Garry Momber, Martin Bell, Louise Tizzard, Karen Hardy, Lauren Tidbury, Jonathan Benjamin, Andrew Bicket and Alex Hale) -- Chapter 11. Ireland: Submerged Prehistoric Sites and Landscapes (Kieran Westley and Peter Woodman) -- Chapter 12. France: Submerged Prehistory on Atlantic and Mediterranean Coasts (Cyrille Billard, Marie-Yvane Daire and Chloé Martin, with contributions by Yves Billaud, Catherine Bizien-Jaglin, Antoine Chancerel, Dominique Cliquet, Nathalie Fourment, Henri Gandois, Briagell Huet, Marine Laforge, Loïc Langouët, Luc Laporte, Jean-Marc Large, Frédéric Leroy, Elias López-Romero, Léopold Maurel, Jean-Laurent Monnier, Pierre Régaldo, Anne Ropars, Pierre Stéphan and Luc Vallin) -- Chapter 13. Spain: Underwater Exploration on a Narrow Continental Shelf (Pablo Arias) -- Chapter 14. Portugal: Intertidal Archaeology and Submerged Coastal Landscapes (Nuno Bicho, Leandro Infantini and João Marreiros) -- Part III: The Mediterranean and the Black Sea -- Chapter 15. The Mediterranean and the Black Sea: Introduction (Nena Galanidou and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 16. Italy: The Archaeology of Palaeoshorelines, Coastal Caves and Seafaring Connections (Elena Flavia Castagnino Berlinghieri, Fabrizio Antonioli and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 17. Malta: Submerged Landscapes and Early Navigation (Timmy Gambin) -- Chapter 18. Croatia: Submerged Prehistoric Sites in a Karstic Landscape (Irena Radić Rossi, Ivor Karavanić and Valerija Butorac) -- Chapter 19. Greece: Unstable Landscapes and Underwater Archaeology (Nena Galanidou, Katerina Dellaporta and Dimitris Sakellariou) -- Chapter 20. Bulgaria: Sea-Level Change and Submerged Settlements on the Black Sea (Preslav Peev, Helen Farr, Vladimir Slavchev, Michael J Grant, Jon Adams and Geoff Bailey) -- Chapter 21. The Ukraine: In Search of Submerged Late Palaeolithic Sites on the North-Western Black Sea Shelf (Sergey Kadurin, Valentina Yanko-Hombach and Olena Smyntyna) -- Chapter 22. Cyprus: The Submerged Final Palaeolithic of Aspros Dive Site C (Albert J Ammerman) -- Chapter 23. Israel: Submerged Prehistoric Sites and Settlements on the Mediterranean Coastline—the Current State of the Art (Ehud Galili, Baruch Rosen, Mina Weinstein Evron, Israel Hershkovitz, Vered Eshed and Liora Kolska Horwitz) -- Part IV: The Legal, Historical and Industrial Context of Underwater Heritage -- Chapter 24. The Legal, Historical and Industrial Context of Underwater Heritage: Introduction (Hans Peeters, Geoff Bailey and Nena Galanidou) -- Chapter 25. Continental Shelf Archaeology and International Law (Sarah Dromgoole) -- Chapter 26. Seabed Infrastructure Projects, Underwater Cultural Heritage and The Environmental Assessment Process: The UK Example (Christopher Pater) -- Chapter 27. Beam Trawls and Bones: A Reflection on Dutch Fisheries (Thijs J. Maarleveld) -- Appendix.
    Abstract: This open access volume provides for the first time a comprehensive description and scientific evaluation of underwater archaeological finds referring to human occupation of the continental shelf around the coastlines of Europe and the Mediterranean when sea levels were lower than present. These are the largest body of underwater finds worldwide, amounting to over 2500 find spots, ranging from individual stone tools to underwater villages with unique conditions of preservation. The material reviewed here ranges in date from the Lower Palaeolithic period to the Bronze Age and covers 20 countries bordering all the major marine basins from the Atlantic coasts of Ireland and Norway to the Black Sea, and from the western Baltic to the eastern Mediterranean. The finds from each country are presented in their archaeological context, with information on the history of discovery, conditions of preservation and visibility, their relationship to regional changes in sea-level and coastal geomorphology, and the institutional arrangements for their investigation and protection. Editorial introductions summarise the findings from each of the major marine basins. There is also a final section with extensive discussion of the historical background and the legal and regulatory frameworks that inform the management of the underwater cultural heritage and collaboration between offshore industries, archaeologists and government agencies. The volume is based on the work of COST Action TD0902 SPLASHCOS, a multi-disciplinary and multi-national research network supported by the EU-funded COST organisation (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). The primary readership is research and professional archaeologists, marine and Quaternary scientists, cultural-heritage managers, commercial and governmental organisations, policy makers, and all those with an interest in the sea floor of the continental shelf and the human impact of changes in climate, sea-level and coastal geomorphology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVIII, 561 p. 278 illus., 242 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030373672
    Series Statement: Coastal Research Library, 35
    DDC: 930.1
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geography. ; Sedimentology. ; Environment. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Regional Geography. ; Sedimentology. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. Quaternary Eolian Dunes and Sand Sheets in Inland Locations of the Atlantic Coastal Plain Province, U.S.A. -- Chapter3. Dunes of the Laurentian Great Lakes -- Chapter4. The Central and Southern Great Plains -- Chapter5. The Nebraska Sand Hills -- Chapter6. White Sands -- Chapter7. Great Sand Dunes -- Chapter8. Colorado Plateau -- Chapter9. Southwest Deserts.
    Abstract: Inland sand dunes are widespread in North America and are found from the North Slope of Alaska to the Sonoran Desert in northern Mexico and from the Delmarva Peninsula in the east to Southern California in the west. In this edited book, we highlight recent research on areas of inland dunes that span a range from those that are actively accumulating in current conditions of climate and sediment supply to those that were formed in past conditions and are now degraded relict systems. This book will be of interest to researchers and scholars of physical geography, geomorphology, environmental sciences, and earth sciences. Contributions include detailed analyses of individual active dune systems at White Sands, New Mexico; Great Sand Dunes, Colorado; and the Laurentian Great Lakes; as well as the vegetation-stabilized dunes of the Nebraska Sand Hills and the Colorado Plateau. Additional chapters discuss the widespread partially vegetated dune systems of the central and southern Great Plains; the relict dunes of the Atlantic Coastal Plain of the eastern USA; and active and stabilized dunes of the Colorado Plateau and the southwestern deserts of the USA and northern Mexico. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 337 p. 126 illus., 97 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030404987
    Series Statement: Dunes of the World,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 39
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Regionalism. ; Regional economics. ; Spatial economics. ; Sustainability. ; Human geography. ; Geology. ; Physical Geography. ; Regionalism. ; Regional and Spatial Economics. ; Sustainability. ; Human Geography. ; Geology.
    Abstract: This book presents most recent research studies on mapping and spatial analysis of socio-economic and environmental indicators used by various national and international contributors to regional development projects. It gathers the best contributions to the 1st International Conference on Mapping and Spatial Analysis of Socio-Economic and Environmental Indicators for the Local and Regional Sustainable Development. The conference was held in southern Tunisia, Tataouine in March 2015.The research studies focused on generating and analyzing indicators in various domains of Agriculture, Energy, Industry, Tourism, Transport, Urban Planning, Exploitation of Natural Resources, Infrastructure, Health, Environment, Education, Information and Communication Technologies, Social Affairs and Employability, and Culture and Sport. Socio-economic and environmental indicators are important in regional development plans and strategies as they allow to observe and analyze changes in the economic growth and to measure their impact on the environment and on social networks/daily life of citizens. On the basis of well-defined geomatic approaches, and particularly, through sophisticated digital mapping and spatio-temporal analyses, authors focused on retrieving indicators to evaluate the exploitation rate of natural resources, intensity of the energy consumption in various economic sector, net migratory flows, quality checking of the air in urban areas, adaptation to climate change, and vulnerability of the coastal domain and risk of marine submersion due to sea-level rise. The book is of interest not only to investors and contributors to regional development projects, but also to all relevant policy makers. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 167 p. 132 illus., 111 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030211660
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 40
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Urban ecology (Biology). ; Human geography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Urban Ecology. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. A review of ecosystem services in urban plans -- Chapter3. A review of ecosystem services in urban climate plans -- Chapter4. Developing ecosystem service information for urban planning -- Chapter5. Applying ecosystem services in urban planning: a case study -- Chapter6. Towards equitable distribution of ecosystem services in cities -- Chapter7. Conclusions.
    Abstract: This open access book presents current knowledge about ecosystem services (ES) in urban planning, and discusses various urban ES topics such as spatial distribution of urban ecosystems, population distribution, and physical infrastructure properties. The book addresses all these issues by: i) investigating to what extent ecosystem services are currently included in urban plans, and discussing what is still needed to improve planning practice; ii) illustrating how to develop ecosystem services indicators and information that can be used by urban planners to enhance plan design; iii) demonstrating the application of ES assessments to support urban planning processes through case studies; and iv) reflecting on criteria for addressing equity in urban planning through ecosystem service assessments, by exploring issues associated with the supply of, the access to and demand for ES by citizens. Through fully worked out case studies, from policy questions, to baseline analysis and indicators, and from option comparison to proposed solutions, the book offers readers detailed and accessible coverage of outstanding issues and proposed solutions to better integrate ES in city planning. The overall purpose of the book is to provide a compact reference that can be used by researchers as a key resource offering an updated perspective and overview on the field, as well as by practitioners and planners/decision makers as a source of inspiration for their activity. Additionally, the book will be a suitable resource for both undergraduate and post-graduate courses in planning and geography.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 87 p. 26 illus., 14 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030200244
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 41
    Keywords: Paleontology . ; Biogeography. ; Physical geography. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Biodiversity. ; Paleontology. ; Biogeosciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Evolutionary Biology. ; Biodiversity.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1: The last three millions of unequal spring thaws -- Chapter2: Triumph and fall of the wet, warmer and never-more-diverse temperate forests (Oligocene-Pliocene) -- Chapter3: Aridity, cooling, open vegetation and the evolution of plants and animals in the Cenozoic -- Chapter4: Visiting the "PETM" greenhouse: environments, plants and animals of the early Cenozoic -- Chapter5: When and why Nature gained Angiosperms -- Chapter6: Postcards from the Mesozoic: Forest landscapes with giant flowering trees, enigmatic seed ferns, and other naked-seed plants -- Chapter7: Dinosaurs, but not only: Vertebrate evolution in the Mesozoic -- Chapter8: How to Live with Dinosaurs: Ecosystems across the Mesozoic -- Chapter9: Early Mesozoic Nature in and around Tethys -- Chapter10: The End-Permian Mass Extinction: Nature's revolution -- Chapter11: Long-lasting morphologies despite evolution: Ferns (monilophytes) throughout the Phanerozoic -- Chapter12: The non-analog vegetation of the Late Paleozoic Icehouse–Hothouse and their coal-forming forested environments -- Chapter13: The Coal Farms of the Late Paleozoic -- Chapter14: Diving with trilobites: Life in the Silurian-Devonian seas -- Chapter15: Back to the beginnings: The Silurian-Devonian as a time of major innovation in plants and their communities.
    Abstract: This book simulates a historical walk through nature, teaching readers about the biodiversity on Earth in various eras with a focus on past terrestrial environments. Geared towards a student audience, using simple terms and avoiding long complex explanations, the book discusses the plants and animals that lived on land, the evolution of natural systems, and how these biological systems changed over time in geological and paleontological contexts. With easy-to-understand and scientifically accurate and up-to-date information, readers will be guided through major biological events from the Earth's past. The topics in the book represent a broad paleoenvironmental spectrum of interests and educational modules, allowing for virtual visits to rich geological times. Eras and events that are discussed include, but are not limited to, the much varied Quaternary environments, the evolution of plants and animals during the Cenozoic, the rise of angiosperms, vertebrate evolution and ecosystems in the Mesozoic, the Permian mass extinction, the late Paleozoic glaciation, and the origin of the first trees and land plants in the Devonian-Ordovician. With state-of-the art expert scientific instruction on these topics and up-to-date and scientifically accurate illustrations, this book can serve as an international course for students, teachers, and other interested individuals. We acknowledge that the artwork used for the cover of the book Nature through Time was realized and liberally donated by Giorgio Nepote Vesin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 462 p. 194 illus., 160 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030350581
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 560
    Language: English
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  • 42
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Mineralogy. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Geochemistry. ; Mineralogy. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geology. ; Geochemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Modelling with earth science data -- 2. Models for different types of deposit -- 3. Geochemical exploration of mineral deposits -- 4. Different types of geochemical surveying -- 5. Non-conventional techniques for concealed deposits -- 6. Application of modelling and geochemical techniques for REE and rare metal exploration -- 7. Standard analytical methods for geo-samples -- 8. Suggestions for future work -- Index.
    Abstract: This book discusses potential mineral belts in various geotectonic regions around the globe, with a particular focus on concealed deposits, in order to highlight new areas for geochemical exploration and modelling. In recent years, the application of statistical methods using qualitative and, wherever possible, quantitative earth science data has become increasingly common for the evaluation of both offshore and terrestrial mineral resources. The book examines these approaches and provides examples from India, which are also applicable to deposits around the world, particularly those in South and South East Asia. The main objective of geochemical exploration and modelling is to present the geometry of the deposit in three dimensions. As such, the book describes the various conventional and non-conventional techniques of exploration geochemistry, especially in the context of concealed terrestrial and offshore mineral deposits. It serves as a guide for field geologists, geochemists, students, research scholars and scientists interested in earth science for the exploration of concealed mineral deposits and evaluation of their resources.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 201 p. 48 illus., 3 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030487560
    DDC: 549
    Language: English
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  • 43
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Political sociology. ; Communication. ; Climatology. ; Political science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Political Sociology. ; Media and Communication. ; Climate Sciences. ; Politics and International Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. The Science of Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise -- Chapter 3. A Partisan and Polarized Issue in the United States -- Chapter 4. The South Florida Study Area -- Chapter 5. Study Methods and General Findings -- Chapter 6. Results from South Florida Experiment -- Chapter 7. Denial of Risk -- Chapter 8. Prospects for Mitigation.
    Abstract: South Florida is frequently cited as the part of the United State of America as most susceptible to the devastation accompanying sea level rise. Several scholarly studies have shown the negative impact of coastal location in Florida on housing values. Are the residents of South Florida concerned? Is susceptibility to sea level rise actually affecting the housing market in terms of demand, the availability of home mortgages, or house prices? Are people living at particular risk from sea level rise aware of this risk and more open to new information about climate change? Do they support policies and laws to mitigate the pace and extent of climate change? Answers to these questions are not only of general interest, but they are also key to our understanding of the human dimensions of this problem. This book describes the results of a detailed survey in which respondents viewed a local map displaying flooding to their own community that would result from a Category 3 hurricane in 2033. It discusses political party identification and ideology that has an overwhelming impact in shaping views about sea level rise and climate change. This book has enormous implications for the effectiveness of communicating risk information. The text is important if we, as a nation, are to design communication strategies that will lead to broader policy to combat or mitigate this risk.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 134 p. 57 illus., 50 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030326029
    Series Statement: Coastal Research Library, 34
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 44
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Environmental engineering. ; Biotechnology. ; Bioremediation. ; Engineering geology. ; Continuum mechanics. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. ; Geoengineering. ; Continuum Mechanics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Geo-marine Environment and Sediment Properties of the Modern Yellow River Delta -- Erosion Survey of the Modern Yellow River Delta -- Erodibility of Seabed Sediments in the Modern Yellow River Delta. -Sediment Resuspension Process in the Modern Yellow River Delta -- Wave-induced Pore Pressure in Relation to Sediment Erosion and Resuspension in the Modern Yellow River Delta -- Physical Mechanisms of Wave-induced Sediment Resuspension -- Theoretical Prediction of Wave-induced Sediment Resuspension.
    Abstract: This book focuses on the phenomenon of sediment erosion and resuspension in the Yellow River delta, China, which is a vital issue involved in understanding the sediment transport processes in estuarine and coastal environments, and how these contribute to the nature and distribution of geohazards in the subaqueous Yellow River delta and Bohai Sea. The most important sections of this book will be the detailed physical mechanisms and theoretical models of sediment erosion and resuspension problem fully considering the wave-induced seabed dynamic response to waves, which are particularly useful for postgraduate students and junior researchers entering the discipline of estuary and coastal sedimentation, marine geotechnical engineering, estuary and coastal engineering, harbor and waterway engineering and coastal environmental protection. This book can also serve as a textbook for advanced graduate students of Marine Engineering Geology and Estuarine Sediment Dynamics. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 292 p. 140 illus., 111 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811370328
    Series Statement: Springer Oceanography,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 45
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental management. ; Economic development. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Management. ; Development Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Introduction -- 2 Part 2: Nature’s sinking ark -- 3 Part 3: Rebuilding the ark -- 4 Part 4: Our conjoined future -- 5 Part 5: A systemic decision-support framework -- 6 Epilogue: Rebuilding the ark – Yes, we can!.
    Abstract: “Here’s the thing: we absolutely know how to restore all the Earth’s critical ecosystems… But we have to think about these challenges so much more holistically. Astonishingly, today’s climate experts populate one big silo, and biodiversity experts another! The notion of ‘co-benefits’ barely begins to do justice to the emerging revolution in both thinking and practice stimulated by the realisation that we face simultaneous emergencies on both fronts. Quite simply, natural climate solutions must become the watchword of the next decade.” - Jonathon Porritt, Founder Director, Forum for the Future “A well-written book which communicates powerful messages, based largely upon the author’s own experiences and a lifetime of professional expertise. This work doesn’t simply describe the problems with Earths’ ecosystems, but also describes realistic solutions based on the premise of reviving and rescuing the natural world in a stepwise manner. Accessible yet erudite, this is a must read for anyone interested in learning how we can begin to reverse the damage we have done to the planet’s ecosystems.” - Dr Paul Johnston, Principal Scientist, Greenpeace International Science Laboratory Rebuilding the Earth highlights humanity’s interdependence with the planet’s ecosystems. Today, these ecosystems are seriously degraded, compromising future security and opportunity. It is essential that we set about rebuilding the metaphorical ‘ark’ of nature upon which our future prospects depend. Central to this book are several case studies of regenerative approaches drawn from every continent on the planet. These approaches are founded on restoration and protection of ecosystems – water and soil, forests, marine and coastal resources, urban infrastructure, farming practices and in corporate supply chains. Rebuilding the Earth is above all optimistic about the daunting challenges facing global society. It is about culture change, addressing the necessity of and the means for putting nature and people back into the heart of societal thinking, policy and action. It advocates for sustainable development in its deepest green sense, but also pragmatically framed in social, technological, governance and economic contexts. The concluding message is “Yes, we can!” Mark Everard is a prolific author, broadcaster and scientist. He is an expert on ecosystem services and the ecosystem-based regeneration of rural livelihoods. Mark’s activities span five continents in academic, consultancy, government advisory and policy advocacy roles.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIV, 251 p. 44 illus., 37 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030330248
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 46
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; America Politics and government. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Physical Geography. ; Climate Sciences. ; American Politics. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental Monitoring.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Challenges of Latin America in the Global Environmental Geopolitics of the XXI Century (Fernando Estenssoro Saavedra) -- Dilemmas and Opportunities of the South American Transboundary Basins and Integration (Ana Emérica Seitz) -- Scientific Knowledge Regarding Natural Resources in South America: Conditioning Factors and Strategic Challenges for the Region (Rosina Soler) -- Identity-based Cooperation in the Multilateral Negotiations on Climate Change: The Group of 7 and China (María del Pilar Bueno) -- Public Concern on Climate Change: Taking Stock and Testing Hypotheses in Latin America (Patricio Yamin) -- International Environmental Funds: Between Domestic Policies and the Foreign Relations of Argentina (Cristian Lorenzo) -- Index.
    Abstract: This volume discusses the challenges of Latin America in global environmental geopolitics. Written by leading experts, this book brings together Latin American research on global environmental change. They cover a range of topics such as climate change, water, forest and biodiversity conservation connected with science policies, public opinion, priorities of international funds, and international politics of Latin American countries. The book describes the discrepancy between the international priorities and the regional needs or country interests. It includes several case studies and analyses the cooperation in multilateral negotiations on climate change. It also offers a synthesis of debates around global environmental changes and Latin American politics, which the authors have previously promoted in different academic events in South America, including in Santiago de Chile in Chile, and Buenos Aires and Ushuaia in Argentina. This book assesses the environmental problems from different perspectives, highlights the scientific development in the environmental changes affecting Latin America and offers a new view on geopolitics to help face those issues. Specialist readers in international relations, political sciences, environmental sciences, geography and geopolitics will appreciate this up-to-date examination of Latin America and the global environmental change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 181 p. 12 illus., 3 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030242541
    Series Statement: The Latin American Studies Book Series,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 47
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Landscape ecology. ; Physical Geography. ; Landscape Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Integrated modelling of land use and cover change -- An integrated analysis approach to LUCC process at regional scale -- Modeling urban growth with CA model at regional scale Chapter 3 Detecting vegetation change with trend analysis of NDVI time series -- Integrated assessing of ecosystem services -- Forecast optimization of wind power service by integrating CFD and Kalman filtering -- Integrated modelling of hydrologic regulating service -- Assessing of climate regulating service– example of extreme weather -- Assessing the valuation of multiply ecosystem services -- Integrated modelling of ecosystem services and land-use change -- Simulating land-use change and its effect on biodiversity conservation -- Integrated ecosystem services assessment in urbanizing regions.
    Abstract: This book presents essential case studies on the integrated modelling of ecosystem services and land-use change in the field of landscape ecology. The case studies were mainly conducted in the Zhangye oasis of the Hexi corridor and the upper reaches of the Heihe river basin, including Loess plateau (for wind power) and the inland waterways of the Yangtze River (for the regulation of extreme events). The book puts forward an integrated modelling method, including human activities, natural processes, land-use change, and ecosystem management, and explores multiple scenarios based on the interests of local managers and their implications for ecosystem services. As the book demonstrates, the integrated modelling method for ecosystem services and land-use change can serve as a valuable tool for gauging the impact of various development scenarios in this study area, and in other regions with similar characteristics. In addition, numerous charts and diagrams are included in each chapter, facilitating the simulation and assessment of specific land-use change impacts on ecosystem services in various study areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 182 p. 77 illus., 51 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811391255
    Series Statement: Springer Geography,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 48
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Oceanography. ; Environment. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Physical Geography. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Conservation Biology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. The Book, and Ecology of Sea Ice -- Chapter 2. Autumn, Development and Consolidation of Sea Ice -- Chapter 3. Winter, Cold and Mature Sea Ice -- Chapter 4. Spring, Summer and Melting Sea Ice -- Chapter 5. Sea Ice in a Climate Change Context -- Chapter 6. Methods and Techniques in Sea Ice Ecology.
    Abstract: The book on sea ice ecology is the ecology of sea ice algae and other microorganism as bacteria, meiofauna, and viruses residing inside or at the bottom of the sea ice, called the sympagic biota. Organisms as seals, fish, birds, and Polar bears relies on sea ice but are not part of this biota. A distinct feature of this ecosystem, is the disappearance (melt) every summer and re-establishing in autumn and winter. The book is organized seasonally describing the physical, optical, biological, and geochemical conditions typical of the seasons: autumn, winter, and spring. These are exemplified with case studies based on author’s fieldwork in Greenland, the Arctic Ocean, and Antarctica but focused on Arctic conditions. The sea ice ecosystem is described in the context of climate change, interests, and effects of a decreasing summer ice extent in the Arctic Ocean. The book contains an up to date description of most relevant methods and techniques applied in sea ice ecology research. This book will appeal to university students at Masters or PhD levels reading biology, geosciences, and chemistry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 178 p. 130 illus., 103 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030374723
    Series Statement: Springer Polar Sciences,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 49
    Keywords: Pollution. ; Environmental management. ; Physical geography. ; Pollution. ; Environmental Management. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Water Resource in Slovenia -- Management of Artificial Groundwater Recharge in Slovenia -- Water Resources Management in North Macedonia -- Water Resources of Serbia and its Utilization -- Water Resources Management in Croatia -- An overview of Environmental Aspects of Water Resources in Croatia -- Water Management in the Agricultural Sector in Greece -- Water Resource Management in Bulgaria -- River Systems under the Anthropogenic and Climate Change Impacts: Bulgarian Case -- Development of Hydropower in Balkan Region -- Water Resources of Romania – Spatial and Temporal Variability -- Drought and Insolvency: Case study of the Producer-Buyer Conflict (Romania, the period between the year 2011-2012) -- Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve - Long Term Assessment of Water Quality -- Water quality and pollution status of the main rivers in the Republic of Macedonia -- Conclusions and Recommendations.
    Abstract: This book presents an overview and knowledgeable on water resources management in Balkan countries – Slovenia, North Macedonia, Serbia, Croatia, Greece, and Bulgaria. The book shows the state of the art and also the latest research findings of the different aspects of water resources management in Balkan countries with case studies that reveal the best practice in water resources management, development, and protection. Researchers and scientists from the Balkan countries present their experiences and expertise on a wide range of water resources topics. Therefore, the book is of particular interest to decisions planners/makers and stakeholders. Also, the book will be useful to experts, professionals, researchers, scientists, practitioners, academics working in the field of water resources management in Balkan countries and analogous regions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 469 p. 171 illus., 165 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030224684
    Series Statement: Springer Water,
    DDC: 363.73
    Language: English
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  • 50
    Keywords: Geographic information systems. ; Physical geography. ; Computer vision. ; Geographical Information System. ; Physical Geography. ; Computer Vision.
    Abstract: This book illustrates the first connection between the map user community and the developers of digital map processing technologies by providing several applications, challenges, and best practices in working with historical maps. After the introduction chapter, in this book, Chapter 2 presents a variety of existing applications of historical maps to demonstrate varying needs for processing historical maps in scientific studies (e.g., thousands of historical maps from a map series vs. a few historical maps from various publishers and with different cartographic styles). Chapter 2 also describes case studies introducing typical types of semi-automatic and automatic digital map processing technologies. The case studies showcase the strengths and weaknesses of semi-automatic and automatic approaches by testing them in a symbol recognition task on the same scanned map. Chapter 3 presents the technical challenges and trends in building a map processing, modeling, linking, and publishing framework. The framework will enable querying historical map collections as a unified and structured spatiotemporal source in which individual geographic phenomena (extracted from maps) are modeled (described) with semantic descriptions and linked to other data sources (e.g., DBpedia, a structured version of Wikipedia). Chapter 4 dives into the recent advancement in deep learning technologies and their applications on digital map processing. The chapter reviews existing deep learning models for their capabilities on geographic feature extraction from historical maps and compares different types of training strategies. A comprehensive experiment is described to compare different models and their performance. Historical maps are fascinating to look at and contain valuable retrospective place information difficult to find elsewhere. However, the full potential of historical maps has not been realized because the users of scanned historical maps and the developers of digital map processing technologies are from a wide range of disciplines and often work in silos. Each chapter in this book can be read individually, but the order of chapters in this book helps the reader to first understand the “product requirements” of a successful digital map processing system, then review the existing challenges and technologies, and finally follow the more recent trend of deep learning applications for processing historical maps. The primary audience for this book includes scientists and researchers whose work requires long-term historical geographic data as well as librarians. The secondary audience includes anyone who loves maps!
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 114 p. 76 illus., 75 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783319669083
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Geography,
    DDC: 910.285
    Language: English
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  • 51
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Agriculture. ; Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Agriculture Economic aspects. ; Environmental policy. ; Agriculture. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water. ; Agricultural Economics. ; Environmental Policy.
    Description / Table of Contents: CHAPTER I: Introduction -- CHAPTER II: Socioecological profile of the Rain-fed Regions -- CHAPTER III: Implementation Process: Quality, equity and Sustenance -- CHAPTER IV: Moving Towards Sustainable -- CHAPTER V: Making of Climate Smart Communities: Experiences and Learnings -- CHAPTER VI: Conclusions and Policy Imperatives -- References -- Appendices.
    Abstract: This book assesses the effectiveness of changes in watershed interventions in one of the most fragile resource regions of India. Specifically the chapters examine various watershed centred interventions and their implementation process. An evaluation of the livelihood impacts, including crop production on the communities, is discussed and an assessment of the drought and climate resilience of households in the context of watershed and related interventions, including institutions and capacity of the communities is investigated. Lessons are drawn to further identify measures to strengthen and improvise interventions for enhanced climate-drought resilience in harsh environments. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXX, 163 p. 28 illus., 21 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030458898
    DDC: 630
    Language: English
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  • 52
    Keywords: Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Oceanography. ; Physical geography. ; Biodiversity. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Biodiversity. ; Conservation Biology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. An Introduction to the Brazilian Deep-Sea biodiversity -- 2. Water masses and oceanic circulation of the Brazilian continental margin and adjacent abyssal plain -- 3. Continental slope and submarine canyons: benthic biodiversity and human impacts -- 4. Brazilian deep-sea corals -- 5. Chemosynthetic ecosystems on the Brazilian deep-sea margin -- 6. Deep-sea microbes in the Southwestern Atlantic -- 7. The scientific explorations of the deep-sea fishes in Brazil: the known knowns, the known unknowns, and the unknown unknowns -- 8. Living and non-living resources in Brazilian deep waters -- Index -- .
    Abstract: This book presents the biodiversity of the Brazilian deep-sea and its many unique geological and biological features, as well as a review of its ecology, conservation, and future research needs. The deep-sea Brazilian margin has an incredible geological heterogeneity with numerous characteristic seafloor features, and latitudinal changes in marine productivity, oceanographic conditions and biological communities have resulted in very distinct biological assemblages at regional and bathymetric scales. It is a tremendously rich ecosystem in terms of living species, from which many well-known historical tales have originated, and with unique importance for the global climate and humanity. Nevertheless, vast areas of the Brazilian margin have been explored for fishing, oil and gas, and other commodities, likely impacting a variety of deep-sea habitats at scales and intensities yet undetermined. This book is intended for students, scholars, professionals and a wide audience interested in the deep-sea in general and, more specifically, in the South Atlantic deep-sea.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 261 p. 61 illus., 54 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030532222
    Series Statement: Brazilian Marine Biodiversity,
    DDC: 577.6
    Language: English
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  • 53
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Biogeography. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental policy. ; Landscape ecology. ; Biodiversity. ; Ecosystems. ; Biogeosciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Policy. ; Landscape Ecology. ; Biodiversity.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Ecosystem Services Basics -- Chapter 1. Overview of the ecosystem services concept -- Part II: Ecosystem Services of Slovakia -- Chapter 2. Methodology of national ES assessment -- Chapter 3. Provisioning ecosystems services -- Chapter 4. Regulatory ecosystem services and supporting ecosystem functions -- Chapter 5. Cultural ecosystems services -- Part III: Synthesis -- Chapter 6. Synthesis of ecosystem services assessment in Slovakia.
    Abstract: This book provides the first comprehensive assessment of ecosystem services (ES) for the territory of the Slovak Republic. Although the ES approach is widely used for the evaluation of the benefits of natural capital and biodiversity for people, this book has a unique character. It provides an assessment of 18 individual ES, which are divided into three main groups - provisioning, regulatory/supporting and cultural ES. For each of ES, a brief theoretical and methodological overview is given, followed by spatial assessment based on own original methodology and dataset of 40 map layers. Besides, an evaluation of main ES groups and overall ES assessment is realized. This book emphasizes the key role of nature protection areas, large areas of forest ecosystems and mountain and sub-mountain areas, for the preservation of the various functions of the healthy landscape and ecosystems. The complexity of the book guarantees its usefulness - not only as the knowledge base for the territory of Slovakia but also as the methodological tool for worldwide researchers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVI, 244 p. 114 illus., 110 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030465087
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Oceanography. ; Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Environment. ; Ecosystems. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Introductory Communications -- Chapter 1. Our Future and The Oceans -- Chapter 2. General guidelines for future exchanges in marine science and technology between the two Sociétés franco-japonaises d’Océanographie -- Part II: Identification and Analysis of Environmental Stressors -- Chapter 3. The Japan Sea: a changing Pacific Asian marginal sea -- Chapter 4. Statistical analysis of surface circulation in Sagami Bay using High Frequency(HF)Radar -- Chapter 5. Statistical analysis of high frequency pCO2 data acquired with the Astan buoy (Southern Western English Channel, off Roscoff) -- Chapter 6. Spatial variation in pCO2 based on 16 years of in-situ measurements in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan -- Chapter 7. The Bay of Seine: a resilient socio-eco-system under cumulative pressures -- Chapter 8. Effect of bacterial infection on the expression of stress proteins and antioxidative enzymes in Japanese flounder -- Part III: Impacts on Socio-Eco-Systems and Biological Resources -- Chapter 9. A Review of the Effects of Global Warming and Currents Trends on Fisheries and its Impact on Important Commercial Species in Japan -- Chapter 10. Physiology of winter coral bleaching in temperate zone -- Chapter 11. Preliminary report of impacts of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami and subsequent events on macrobenthic community in a shallow brackish lagoon in Sendai Bay, Japan -- Chapter 12. Post-tsunami oyster feeding environment in Nagatsuraura Bay for three years -- Chapter 13. Seagrass-oyster farmers interaction detected by eelgrass DNA analysis in Hinase area of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan -- Chapter 14. Fisheries Biology of Blue Sharks in Sagami Bay, Japan -- Part IV: Vulnerability of Coastal Ecosystems and Risk Assessment -- Chapter 15. Temperature and salinity changes in coastal waters of Western Europe: variability, trends and extreme events -- Chapter 16. Risk Based Consenting of Offshore Renewable Energy Projects (RICORE) -- Chapter 17. Does global warming favour the occurrence of recent blue mussel mortality events in France? -- Chapter 18. Integrated ecosystem management for exploited coastal ecosystem dynamics under oligotrophication and climate changes -- Chapter 19. Forty years of decline and 10 years of management plan: are European eels (Anguilla anguilla) recovering? -- Chapter 20. The management of Mediterranean coastal habitats: a plea for a socio-ecosystem-based approach.
    Abstract: Coastal and estuarine environments at the interface of terrestrial and marine areas are among the most productive in the world. However, since the beginning of the industrial era, these ecosystems have been subjected to strong anthropogenic pressures intensified from the second half of the 20th century, when there was a marked acceleration in the warming (climate change) of the continents, particularly at high latitudes. Coastal ecosystems are highly vulnerable to alteration of their physical, chemical and biological characteristics (marine intrusion, acidification of marine environments, changes in ecosystems, evolution and artificialization of the coastline, etc.). In contact with heavily populated areas, these environments are often the receptacle of a lot of chemical and biological pollution sources that significantly diminish their resilience. In this context of accelerated evolution and degradation of these areas important for food security of many populations around the world, it is necessary to better identify the factors of pressure and understand, at different scales of observation, their effects and impacts on the biodiversity and on the socio-eco-systems, in order to determine the degree of vulnerability of these coastal ecosystems and the risks they face. A transdisciplinary and integrated approach is required to prevent risks. Within this framework, operational coastal oceanography occupies an important place but also the implementation of a true socio-eco-system approach in order to set up an environmentally friendly development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 517 p. 248 illus., 194 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030434847
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Microbial ecology. ; Physical geography. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Botany. ; Microbiology. ; Microbial Ecology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Conservation Biology. ; Plant Science. ; Microbiology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 - Introduction -- Chapter 2 - Decomposition as a process: Some main features -- Chapter 3 - Decomposer organisms -- Chapter 4 - Initial litter chemical composition -- Chapter 5 - Changes in substrate composition during decomposition -- Chapter 6 - Chemical constituents as rate regulating: Initial variation and changes during decomposition -- Chapter 7 - Climatic environment -- Chapter 8 - Decomposition of fine root and woody root litter -- Chapter 9 - Decomposition of woody litter and cones -- Chapter 10 - Models that describe litter decomposition and influences on decomposition patterns -- Chapter 11 - Influences on stable litter fractions and carbon sequestration in organic layers -- Chapter 12 - Carbon sequestration rates on a regional scale.
    Abstract: This book gives basic facts about litter decomposition studies, which are of guidance for scientists who start studies. Since the publication of the third edition, there has been quite a development not only in the field of litter decomposition but also in supporting branches of science, which are important for fruitful work on and understanding of decomposition of plant litter and sequestration of carbon. A consequence is that ‘old established truths’ are becoming outdated. New knowledge in the fields of phytochemistry and microbial ecology has given a new baseline for discussing the concepts ‘litter decomposition’ and ‘carbon sequestration’. We can also see a rich literature on litter decomposition studies using roots and wood as substrates. These have given new insights in factors that regulate the decomposition rate and as regards roots their contribution to sequestered carbon in humus. Additional facts on the role of temperature vs the litters’ chemical composition may in part change our view on effects of climate change. Further information on applications of the new analytical technique (13C-NMR) for determining organic-chemical compounds has allowed us to develop these parts. Focus is laid on needle litter of Scots pine as a model substrate as this species has been considerably more studied than other litter species. Also the boreal/northern temperate coniferous forest has in part been given this role. Still, new information may allow us to develop information about litter from further tree species. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 332 p. 99 illus., 6 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 4th ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030596316
    DDC: 579.17
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Agriculture. ; Physical geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Ecosystems. ; Agriculture. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Executive Summary -- Overview and Purposes -- Key Message -- Chapter 1. State Of Forest And Rangeland Soils Research In The United States (Dan Binkley, Daniel D. Richter, Richard V. Pouyat, and Linda Geiser) -- Chapter 2. Soil Carbon (Erin Berryman, Jeff Hatten, Deborah S. Page-Dumroese, Kate Heckman, David D’Amore, Jennifer Puttere, Michael SanClements, Stephanie Connolly, Charles H. (Hobie) Perry, and Grant Domke) -- Chapter 3. Soils And Water (Mary Beth Adams, Vince Archer, Scott Bailey, Kevin McGuire, Chelcy Miniat, Dan Neary, Toby O’Geen, Pete Robichaud, and Mike Strobel) -- Chapter 4. Biogeochemical Cycling In Forest And Rangeland Soils Of The United States (Lindsey E. Rustad, Jennifer Knoepp, Daniel D. Richter, and Andrew Scott) -- Chapter 5. Forest And Rangeland Soil Biodiversity (Stephanie A. Yarwood, Elizabeth Bach, Matt Busse, Jane E. Smith, Mac A. Callaham, Jr., Chih-Han Chang, Taniya Roy Chowdhury, and Steven D. Warren) -- Chapter 6. Wetland And Hydric Soils (Carl Trettin, Randall Kolka, Anne Marsh, Sheel Bansal, Eric Lilleskov, Patrick Megonigal, Marla Stelk, Graeme Lockaby, David D’Amore, Richard MacKenzie, Brian Tangen, Rodney Chimner, and James Gries) -- Chapter 7. Urban Soils (Richard Pouyat, Susan Day, Sally Brown, Kirsten Schwarz, Richard Shaw, Katalin Szlavecz, Tara Trammell, and Ian Yesilonis) -- Chapter 8. Soil Management And Restoration (Mary Williams, Cara Farr, Deborah Page-Dumroese, Stephanie Connolly, and Eunice Padley) -- Chapter 9. Soil Mapping, Monitoring, And Assessment (Mark J. Kimsey, Larry E. Laing, Sarah Anderson, Jeff Bruggink, Steve Campbell, David Diamond, Grant Domke, James Gries, Scott Holub, Greg Nowacki, Deborah Page-Dumroese, Charles H. (Hobie) Perry, Lindsey Rustad, Kyle Stephens, and Robert Vaughan) -- Chapter 10. Challenges And Opportunities (Linda Geiser, Toral Patel-Weynand, Anne Marsh, Korena Mafune, and Daniel Vogt) -- Appendix A: Regional Summaries -- Appendix B: Soils Networks And Resources -- Appendix C: Summary Of Research Questions.
    Abstract: This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVI, 289 p. 86 illus., 71 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030452162
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wiesbaden :Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden :
    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Population biology. ; Zoology. ; Physical geography. ; Community and Population Ecology. ; Zoology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Shell Resource Partitioning as a Mechanism of Coexistence in Two Co-occurring Terrestrial Hermit Crab Species -- Daytime Activity and Habitat Preferences of Two Sympatric Hermit Crab Species (Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobita) -- Disentangling the Environmental Impact of Different Human Disturbances: a Case Study on Islands.
    Abstract: Terrestrial hermit crabs are among the most widespread beach-dwelling organisms with key ecological functions but receive only very limited research attention. Sebastian Steibl demonstrates how physical parameters shape their overall distribution, presents a possible mechanism for their speciation and coexistence and shows for the first time how different human activities can have a major impact on their populations. The author points out that terrestrial hermit crabs, due to their conspicuous behavior to utilize shells, are a good model to study mechanisms of competition and coexistence in natural populations. Furthermore, they are suitable indicator organisms to assess human impact, as they respond differently depending on the type of anthropogenic disturbance. Contents Shell Resource Partitioning as a Mechanism of Coexistence in Two Co-occurring Terrestrial Hermit Crab Species Daytime Activity and Habitat Preferences of Two Sympatric Hermit Crab Species (Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobita) Disentangling the Environmental Impact of Different Human Disturbances: a Case Study on Islands Target Groups Scientists and students in the field of ecology, zoology and conservation biology About the Author Sebastian Steibl is a PhD student at the Institute of Animal Ecology at the University of Bayreuth, Germany. In his actual PhD research, he builds up on the presented work to investigate the architecture as well as functionality of small insular ecosystems and to analyze how different anthropogenic disturbances impact those ecosystem processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 53 p. 8 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783658295417
    Series Statement: BestMasters,
    DDC: 577.82
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Animal culture. ; Biotic communities. ; Physical geography. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology. ; Animal Science. ; Ecosystems. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Evolutionary Theory.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction: the Habitat and the Ecosystem -- Shallow Hardbottom of East Florida and the Caribbean and the Regional Shelf Setting -- Macroalgae and Cyanobacteria -- Invertebrates -- Fish Assemblages -- Marine Turtles -- Functional Ecological Attributes of Shallow Hardbottom -- Mitigating Shallow Hardbottom Impacts -- Literature Cited -- Appendices.
    Abstract: Nearshore hardbottom reefs of Florida’s east coast are used by over 1100 species of fishes, invertebrates, algae, and sea turtles. These rocky reefs support reproduction, settlement, and habitat use, and are energy sources and sinks. They are also buried by beach renourishment projects in which artificial reefs are used for mitigation. This comprehensive book is for research scientists and agency personnel, yet accessible to interested laypersons including beachfront residents and water-users. An unprecedented collection of research information and often stunning color photographs are assembled including over 1250 technical citations and 127 figures. These shallow reefs are part of a mosaic of coastal shelf habitats including estuarine seagrasses and mangroves, and offshore coral reefs. These hardbottom habitats are federally designated as Essential Fish Habitats - Habitats of Particular Concern and are important feeding areas for federally-protected sea turtles. Organismal and assemblage responses to natural and man-made disturbances, including climate change, are examined in the context of new research and management opportunities for east Florida’s islands in the sand. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 472 p. 135 illus., 125 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030403577
    DDC: 577.6
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Biotic communities. ; Biodiversity. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Geographic information systems. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Ecosystems. ; Biodiversity. ; Conservation Biology. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- An overview of the restoration and management of Chilika Lagoon: successful application of the Ramsar wise use guidelines -- Ecological characterization of Chilika: defining strategies and management needs for wise use -- Ecosystem services: implications for managing Chilika -- Sedimentologic, chemical, and isotopic constraints on the Anthropogenic influence on Chilika Lake, India -- Modelling of hydrodynamics and salinity characteristics in Chilika Lagoon -- Assessment of runoff and sediment yield from selected watersheds in the Western Catchment of the Chilika Lagoon -- Long-term analysis of water quality in Chilika Lagoon and application of bio-optical models for cyclone impact assessment -- Spatio-temporal variation in physicochemical parameters of water in the Chilika lagoon -- Geomorphology, land use/land cover and sedimentary environments of the Chilika Basin -- Spatiotemporal Assessment of phytoplankton communities in the Chilika lagoon -- Fish and fisheries of Chilika: post-restoration scenario -- Avifauna of Chilika, Odisha: assessment of spatial and temporal changes -- Biodiversity of benthic fauna in Chilika lagoon -- Microbial ecology of Chilika Lagoon -- Survey, characterization, ecology, and management of macrophytes in Chilika lagoon -- Index.
    Abstract: This book chronicles the decades-long work of studying, analyzing, and reversing the environmental pressures that threatened India’s Chilika Lagoon, the largest brackish-water lagoon in the region, and the second largest in the world. Designated as one of India’s first Ramsar Sites in 1981, Chilika Lagoon continued to degrade for a decade longer. Then, the Chilika Development Authority (CDA) was established to gather information and devise a restoration plan that benefits the ecosystems of the lagoon, with sensitivity to the needs and livelihoods of local communities. Expert contributors detail the work of analysis, planning and implementation, including extensive coverage of such topics as: Devising a plan for implementing Ramsar wise use guidelines Sedimentologic, chemical, and isotopic impacts Hydrodynamics and salinity Runoff and sediment in watersheds of the Lagoon's Western Catchment Long-term analysis of water quality and continued water quality monitoring Bio-optical models for cyclone impact assessment Studies of geomorphology, land use, and sedimentary environments Spatiotemporal assessment of phytoplankton communities Creation of a post-restoration scenario for fish and fisheries Assessing status of waterbirds, species diversity and migration patterns The result was a major hydrological intervention to re-establish hydrological and salinity regimes, biodiversity, and fish catches, and help protect the livelihood of lagoon-dependent communities. The story of the rehabilitation and management of Chilika Lagoon demonstrates that it is possible to halt and reverse the encroachment and degradation of wetlands, to restore biodiversity and to provide benefits for large numbers of people. Ecology, Conservation, and Restoration of Chilika Lagoon goes beyond scientific research articles to explore institutional and governance issues, political ecology, and the Ramsar Convention’s guidelines for ecosystem restoration. The book will benefit researchers, wetland managers, government policy makers and more general readers concerned with restoration and conservation of wetlands around the planet.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 438 p. 93 illus., 75 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030334246
    Series Statement: Wetlands: Ecology, Conservation and Management, 6
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Paleontology . ; Paleoecology. ; Physical geography. ; Paleontology. ; Paleoecology. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- 1. The Geological Context -- 2. The Paleontological Context Ichnology -- 2.1 Scheme of Continental Ichnofacies -- 2.2. The Ichnological record in the Cenozoic of Pampasia -- 2.3. Insect Nests in Paleosoils -- 3.A. Faunistic Associations and Climatic Events during the Panaraucanian cycle -- B. Faunistic Associations and Climatic Events during the Pan-Pampean cycle -- 4. Conclusions.
    Abstract: Ichnology is the science of marks, tracks, trails, traces structures and other sources of evidence of biological activity, beyond the living beings themselves, when studied both in continents and oceans. In spite of its scientific value and interdisciplinary contribution, particularly in South America, in the complex task of identifying ancient environments, information is dispersed and sometimes even ignored. This book has recovered the remarkably abundant information that Ichnology of terrestrial environments has incorporated. The studied geographical regions are the Pampas of Argentina, vast lowlands with a wide latitudinal distribution in between the warm and wet subtropical areas and the cold deserts of Patagonia. Pedogenetic processes preserve tracks and marks found in sediments, rock surfaces and soils, revealing the activity of life forms. This book refers to a variety of signs of biological activity, particularly in ancient soils. This volume includes abundant original information and a meticulous revision of paleo-ichnological investigations, most by the author himself, one of the most important South American specialists, during many decades of his dedication to scientific research. The book includes a review of the stratigraphic sequences of the Cenozoic chronostratigraphic scheme. Firstly, the author provides a scrutiny of the continental ichnofacies and the ichnological record of the South American Cenozoic age. This is followed by chapters dedicated to the faunal associations of vertebrates, with very valuable information about the past climatic events and biogeographical changes, of undoubted value for those scholars interested in vertebrate Paleontology. Likewise, the highly relevant ichnotaxonomy is also developed exhaustively, with special reference to the essential activity of insects in the paleosols, mostly ants and termites. Finally, this book presents the most complete, extensive and up-dated bibliography in the subject, which is probably unique as such for southern South America and most of the world. Certainly, this is a book that will provide valuable scientific tools for those specialists interested in this infrequent discipline, either paleontologists, biologists, geologists, pedologists and sedimentologists.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 121 p. 43 illus., 23 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030625979
    Series Statement: Springer Earth System Sciences,
    DDC: 560
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Plant ecology. ; Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Biotic communities. ; Botany. ; Plant Ecology. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Ecosystems. ; Plant Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 Carbon Cycle in Response to Global Warming -- Chapter 2 Agricultural Land Degradation: Processes and Problems Undermining Future Food Security -- Chapter 3 Promising technologies for Cd-contaminated soils: drawbacks and possibilities -- Chapter 4 Climate Change and costal plant lives -- Chapter 5 Climate Change Forecasting and Modeling for the year of 2050 -- Chapter 6 Effects of Climate Change on Irrigation Water Quality -- Chapter 7 Prospects of biochar in alkaline soils to mitigate climate change -- Chapter 8 Biochar; a remedy for climate change -- Chapter 9 Biofortification under Climate Change: The Fight between Quality and Quantity -- Chapter 10 QTL Mapping for Abiotic Stresses in Cereals -- Chapter 11 Effectiveness of conventional crop improvement strategies vs. Omics -- Chapter 12 Development and Applications of Transplastomic Plants; A way towards Eco-friendly Agriculture -- Chapter 13 Alternative and non-conventional soil and crop management strategies for increasing water use efficiency -- Chapter 14 Role of Biotechnology in climate resilient agriculture -- Chapter 15 Insect Pests of cotton crop and management under climate change scenarios -- Chapter 16 Plant-Microbes interactions and functions in changing climate -- Chapter 17 Measuring Vulnerability to Environmental Hazards: Qualitative to Quantitative -- Chapter 18 Soil microarthropods and nutrient cycling -- Chapter 19 Environment, climate change and Biodiversity -- Chapter 20 Consequences of salinity stress on the quality of crops and its mitigation strategies for sustainable crop production: An outlook of arid and semi-arid regions -- Chapter 21 Advances in pyrolytic technologies with improved carbon capture and storage to combat climate change -- Chapter 22 The Effects of Climate Change on Human Behaviors -- Chapter 23 Role of Plant Bioactives in Sustainable Agriculture -- Chapter 24 Microbes and Environment: Global Warming Reverting the Frozen Zombies -- Chapter 25 Extent of climate change in Saudi Arabia and its impacts on agriculture: A case study from Qassim region -- Chapter 26 Rice Production under Climate Change: Adaptations and Mitigating Strategies.
    Abstract: This book provides an up-to-date account of the current understanding of climate change and global warming related to environment, climate, plant and vegetation growth. The aim of this book is to provide a platform for scientists and academics world-wide to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in the area of plant and vegetation growth related to climate change. Over the next decades, it is predicted that billions of people, particularly those in developing countries, face shortages of water and food and greater risks to health and life as a result of climate change. Concerted global action is needed to enable developing countries to adapt to the effects of climate change that are happening now and will worsen in the future. The book will also enhance the understanding on issues related to climate change, giving a clear indication of a looming global warming crisis. Addressing global climate change is a monumental battle that can only be fought by the leaders of tomorrow, but future leaders are molded through education and shaped by the leaders of today.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVII, 686 p. 103 illus., 69 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030497323
    DDC: 581.7
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Microbiology. ; Botany. ; Biotechnology. ; Physical geography. ; Microbial ecology. ; Forestry. ; Microbiology. ; Plant Science. ; Biotechnology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Microbial Ecology. ; Forestry.
    Description / Table of Contents: Advances in Systematics, Taxonomy and Conservation of Trichoderma species -- Biodiversity of Trichoderma species in different agro-ecological habitats -- Beneficial Effects of Trichoderma on Plant–Pathogen Interactions: Understanding Mechanisms Underlying Genes -- Trichoderma – Boon for Agriculture -- Mass Multiplication of Trichoderma in Bioreactors -- Trichoderma species: A blessing for crop production -- Trichoderma: An effective and potential biocontrol agent for sustainable management of pulses pests and pathogens -- Management of Diseases of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Using Trichoderma spp. -- Trichoderma - A Globally Dominant Commercial Bio-fungicide -- Modulation of Microbiome Through Seed Bio-priming -- Opportunistic Avirulent Plant Symbionts Trichoderma: Exploring its Potential Against Soilborne PhytopathogensBiotechnological Application of Trichoderma: A Powerful Fungal Isolate with Diverse Potentials for the Attainment of Food Safety, Management of Pest and Diseases, Healthy Planet, and Sustainable Agriculture -- Trichoderma as Biostimulant: Factors Responsible for Plant Growth Promotion -- Trichoderma Proteome: Multifunctional Role in Plant Defense -- Strategies of Biotechnological Innovations using Trichoderma -- Trichoderma spp.: Expanding Potential Beyond Agriculture.
    Abstract: This book gives a comprehensive overview on the various aspects of Trichoderma, a filamentous fungus ubiquitously present in soil. Topics addressed are the biology, diversity, taxonomy, ecology, biotechnology and cultivation of Trichoderma, to just name a few. Basic as well as applied aspects are covered and a special focus is given on use of Trichoderma in agriculture and beyond. Trichoderma species are widely distributed throughout the world in soil, rotting plant material, and wood. Although they are often considered as a contaminants, Trichoderma species are also known for their ability to act as biocontrol agents against various plant pathogens and plant diseases, and also as biostimulants promoting plant growth. The contents of this book will be of particular interest to, agricultural scientists, biotechnologists, plant pathologists, mycologists, and microbiologists, students, extension workers, policy makers and other stakeholders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 367 p. 36 illus., 31 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030547585
    Series Statement: Soil Biology, 61
    DDC: 579
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Forestry. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Botanical chemistry. ; Geology. ; Physical Geography. ; Forestry. ; Water. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Plant Biochemistry. ; Geology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Cracking “Open” Technology in Ecohydrology -- Chapter 2. The Necessity of Sensor Calibration for the Precise Measurement of Water Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems -- Chapter 3. Applications of Unpiloted Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in Forest Hydrology -- Chapter 4. LiDAR Applications to Forest-Water Interactions -- Chapter 5. On Complementing the Tracer Toolbox for Quantifying Hydrological Connectivity: Insights Gained from Terrestrial Diatom Tracer Experiments -- Chapter 6. Lessons in New Measurement Technologies: From Instrumenting Trees to the Trans-African Hydro-Meteorological Observatory -- Chapter 7. Primary Steps in Analyzing Data – Tasks and Tools for a Systematic Data Exploration -- Chapter 8. Martin Zwanzig, Robert Schlicht, Nico Frischbier, and Uta Berger -- Chapter 8 Spatiotemporal Statistics: Analysis of Spatially and Temporally-Correlated Throughfall Data – Exploring and Considering Dependency and Heterogeneity -- Chapter 9. Analysis of Vegetation-Water Interactions: Application and Comparison of Maximum-Likelihood Estimation and Bayesian Inference -- Chapter 10. Machine Learning Applications in Hydrology -- Chapter 11. Advances and Future Research Directions in the Study of Leaf Water Repellency -- Chapter 12. Throughfall Erosivity in Relation to Drop Size and Crown Position: A Case Study from a Teak Plantation in Thailand -- Chapter 13. Assessing the Ecological Significance of Throughfall in Forest Ecosystems -- Chapter 14. Root-Water Relations and Interactions in Mixed Forest Settings -- Chapter 15. Effects of Stemflow on Soil Water Dynamics in Forest Stands -- Chapter 16. Radiocesium Cycling in the Context of Forest-Water Interactions -- Chapter 17. Urban Trees as Green Infrastructure for Stormwater Mitigation and Use -- Chapter 18. Urban Tree Canopy Effects on Water Quality via Inputs to the Urban Ground Surface -- Chapter 19. Modeling the Impact of Urban Trees on Hydrology -- Chapter 20. Using Community Planning to Conserve Green Infrastructure and Water Quality -- Chapter 21. Forest Influences on Streamflow: Case Studies from the Tatsunokuchi-Yama Experimental Watershed, Japan and the Leading Ridge Experimental Watershed, USA -- Chapter 22. The Biogeochemical Response of Nitrate and Potassium to Landscape Disturbance in Watersheds of the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA -- Chapter 23. Water and Nutrient Budgets of Organic Layers and Mineral Topsoils under Tropical Montane Forest in Ecuador in Response to 15 Years of Environmental Change -- Chapter 24. Forest-Water Interactions under Global Change.
    Abstract: The United Nations has declared 2018-2028 as the International Decade for Action on Water for Sustainable Development. This is a timely designation. In an increasingly thirsty world, the subject of forest-water interactions is of critical importance to the achievement of sustainability goals. The central underlying tenet of this book is that the hydrologic community can conduct better science and make a more meaningful impact to the world’s water crisis if scientists are: (1) better equipped to utilize new methods and harness big data from either or both high-frequency sensors and long-term research watersheds; and (2) aware of new developments in our process-based understanding of the hydrological cycle in both natural and urban settings. Accordingly, this forward-looking book delves into forest-water interactions from multiple methodological, statistical, and process-based perspectives (with some chapters featuring data sets and open-source R code), concluding with a chapter on future forest hydrology under global change. Thus, this book describes the opportunities of convergence in high-frequency sensing, big data, and open source software to catalyze more comprehensive understanding of forest-water interactions. The book will be of interest to researchers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates in an array of disciplines, including hydrology, forestry, ecology, botany, and environmental engineering. The chapter “Cracking “Open” Technology in Ecohydrology” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 628 p. 124 illus., 66 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030260866
    Series Statement: Ecological Studies, Analysis and Synthesis, 240
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Landscape ecology. ; Biogeography. ; Physical Geography. ; Landscape Ecology. ; Biogeosciences. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I. Theory of Landscape Pattern and Hierarchy -- Chapter 1. Concepts of Landscape Pattern (Alexander V. Khoroshev) -- Chapter 2. Polygeosystem Fundamentals of Landscape Science (Alexander K. Cherkashin) -- Chapter 3. Multi-pattern (Polystructural) Organization of a Landscape - Geophysical Approach (Vladislav V. Sysuev) -- Part II. How Patterns Indicate Actual Processes -- Chapter 4. Representation of Process Development Laws in Morphological Pattern Laws: Approach of the Mathematical Morphology of Landscape (Alexey S. Victorov) -- Chapter 5. Transformation of the Chernobyl 137Cs Contamination Patterns at the Microlandscape Level as an Indicator of Stochastic Landscape Organization (Vitaly G. Linnik) -- Chapter 6. Determination of the Order Parameters of The Landscape at the Regional Level (Mikhail Yu. Puzachenko) -- Chapter 7. Land Cover Thermodynamic Characteristics Defined by Remote Multispectal Data Based on Non-Extensive Statistical Mechanics (Robert B. Sandlersky) -- Part III How Patterns Control Actual Processes -- Chapter 8. Structure and Phytomass Production of Coastal Geosystems Near Lake Baikal (Yuliya V. Vanteeva) -- Chapter 9. Catena Patterns as a Reflection of Landscape Internal Heterogeneity (Irina A. Avessalomova) -- Chapter 10. Structure of Topogeochores and Modern Landscape-Geochemical Processes (Yury M. Semyonov) -- Chapter 11. Modeling of Hydrological and Climatic Resources of a Landscape for Sustainable Land Use at Small Watersheds (Alexander A. Yerofeev) -- Chapter 12. Influence of the Landscape Structure of Watersheds on the Processes of Surface Water Quality Formation (Case Study of Western Siberia) (Vitaly Yu. Khoroshavin) -- Chapter 13. Comparison of Landscape and Floristic Diversity in Plain Catchments at the Level of Elementary Regions (Dmitry V. Zolotov) -- Part IV. How Patterns Indicate Genesis and Influence Future Evolution Trends -- Chapter 14. Altitudinal Landscape Complexes of the Central Russian Forest-Steppe (Anatoly S. Gorbunov) -- Chapter 15. Landscape Structure as Indicator of Debris Flow and Avalanche Activity in the Russian Caucasus Mountains (Marina N. Petrushina) -- Chapter 16. Multiscale Analysis of Landscape Structure (Alexander V. Khoroshev) -- Part V. How Patterns Control Dynamic Events -- Chapter 17. Structure and Long-Term Dynamics of Landscape as a Reflection of the Natural Processes and History of Nature Use: the Example of the Northwestern European Russia (Grigorii A. Isachenko) -- Chapter 18. Seasonal Dynamics in the Context of Polystructural Organization of Landscapes (on the Example of Sverdlovsk Region) (Olga Yu. Gurevskikh) -- Part VI. How Patterns Respond to Climatic and Anthropogenic Changes -- Chapter 19. Dendrochronological Indication of Landscape Spatio-Temporal Organization in the Northern Taiga of West Siberian Plain and Elbrus Region: Astrophysical and Geophysical Drivers of Bioproductivity (Kirill N. Dyakonov) -- Chapter 20. Carbon Balance in Forest Ecosystems and Biotic Regulation of Carbon Cycle Under Global Climate Changes (Erland G. Kolomyts) -- Chapter 21. Actual Changes of Mountainous Landscapes in Inner Asia as a Result of Anthropogenic Effects (Kirill V. Chistyakov) -- Part VII. How Landscape Patterns Affected Land Use in the Past -- Chapter 22. Initial Stages of Anthropogenic Evolution of Landscapes in Russia (Viacheslav A. Nizovtsev) -- Chapter 23. How Natural and Positional Factors Influence Land-Use Change During Last 250 Years in Temperate Russia (Victor M. Matasov) -- Chapter 24. Landscape Features of the Prehistory of Moscow (Viacheslav A. Nizovtsev) -- Chapter 25. GIS-Based Study of Landscape Structure and Land Use Within the River Valleys in the Southern Tomsk Region: Spatial-Temporal Aspects (Vadim V. Khromykh) -- Part VIII. How Landscape Patterns Determine Actual Land Use -- Chapter 26. The Development of Territorial Planning and Agrolandscapes Projecting in Russia (Valery I. Kiryushin) -- Glossary.
    Abstract: This book presents the polycentric and multiscale view of landscape which has been developed in Russia within a framework of physical geography since the early twentieth century. The authors develop the ideas of hierarchical organization of a landscape and strong relationships between abiotic and biotic components with equal attention to both vertical fluxes and lateral transfer. Three-dimensional representation of landscape involves strong emphasis on abiotic drivers of pattern development including relief, geological structures and runoff. The objective of this book is to demonstrate the multiplicity of models and multiscale approach to description and explanation of landscape pattern, functioning, dynamics, and evolution. The contributions deal with various hierarchical levels ranging from within-unit interior variability to between-units interaction at landscape level, as well as regional and supra-regional zonal patterns. Divided into 8 clear parts, the 28 chapters treat spatial pattern in one of the following aspects: indicator of actual matter and energy flows control over actual processes including disturbance expansion as well as determinant of future development indicator of genesis and prerequisite for future trends driver for short-term dynamics of processes response to climatic and anthropogenic influences factor of settlement network and land use adaptation at various historical epochs framework for actual land use spatial arrangement. This contributed volume is written for researchers and students in the field of landscape ecology, physical geography, environmental impact assessment, and ecological planning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXXIII, 439 p. 159 illus., 1 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030311858
    Series Statement: Landscape Series, 26
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Environmental chemistry. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental Chemistry. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Regional Pollution of Trace Metals—the Hetao Area, China -- The Metropolis Pollution of Trace Metals — Shanghai and Nanjing, China -- The Experimental Research on the Behaviors of Trace Metals -- An Approach on the Behavior Impacts and Factors of Trace Metals in Environment -- The Speciation of Trace Metals and Research Methods -- An Approach to the Identification for the Original and Added Concentrations of Trace Metals in Soil System Polluted by Trace Metals -- Main Research Results.
    Abstract: This book focuses on the behavior and impact of trace metals in the environment by studying typical cases from China such as the Hetao Area of the Yellow River, Shanghai, and Nanjing. Based on samples and experiments on the behavior of pollutants, it systematically discusses the regulation of trace metals’ distribution, accumulation, and migration, associated with the cause of formation demonstration. The author subsequently uses the acquired data to review the evolving trend of trace metal behaviors in natural systems (river or lake water, sediments, and soils), develops suggestions for the prevention of their negative effects, and devise treatments. Moreover, he proposes solutions to difficult research issues such as trace metal speciation extraction, and an analysis, along with operational procedures. Given its scope, the book will provide a valuable guide for researchers and engineers in relevant disciplines of the environmental sciences and engineering, and for environmental policymakers to consult in practices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 364 p. 147 illus., 25 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811336126
    DDC: 577.14
    Language: English
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  • 66
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Geology. ; Natural disasters. ; Human geography. ; Physical Geography. ; Water. ; Geology. ; Natural Hazards. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part A: Studies with temporal focus -- Ch.1 Global megaflood paleohydrology -- Ch.2 Flooding northern Germany: impacts and magnitudes of Middle Pleistocene glacial lake-outburst floods -- Ch.3 Outburst flood from Möhne Reservoir in May 1943 after aerial bombing -- Part B: Studies with regional focus -- Ch.4 Droughts in historical times in Europe, as derived from documentary evidence -- Ch.5 Geomorphological and geoarchaeological evidence of the Medieval deluge in the Tagliamento River (NE Italy) -- Ch.6 Inverted channels in the eastern Sahara – distribution, formation, and interpretation to enable reconstruction of paleodrainage networks -- Ch.7 Noah’s Flood – probing an ancient narrative using geoscience -- Part C: Studies with methodical and technical topics -- Ch.8 Luminescence dating in fluvial settings: overcoming the challenge of partial bleaching -- Ch.9 Large palaeomeanders in Europe: distribution, formation process, age, environments and significance -- Ch.10 Palaeostage indicators in rivers - an illustrated review -- Ch.11 High-resolution sedimentary paleoflood records in alluvial river environments - a review of recent methodological advances and application to flood hazard assessment.
    Abstract: The book provides a review of the most relevant topics on the booming discipline of palaeohydrology and focuses on previous extreme events like exceptional floods and droughts. Reviews written by leading experts of their fields are combined with selected key studies and presentations on up-to-day methodical and conceptional topics as a perspective for further research. Consequently, the compilation provides an excellent review on the state of the art of numerous relevant topics of palaeohydrology and acts as unique introduction for early career scientists and scientists of different disciplines working on hydrological extreme events, both in basic research and applied aspects. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 230 p. 110 illus., 93 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030233150
    Series Statement: Geography of the Physical Environment,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Biotic communities. ; Sustainability. ; Geographic information systems. ; Physical Geography. ; Ecosystems. ; Sustainability. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Research progress of the grassland carbon cycle and grassland degradation in China -- Grassland coverage inter-annual variations and its coupling relation with hydrothermal factors in China -- Spatial-temporary dynamics of grassland net primary productivity in China and its response to climate factors -- Inter-annual variation in grassland net ecosystem productivity and its coupling relation to climatic factors in China -- The variation of landscape and NPP of main pastoral grasslands in China -- Grassland degradation remote sensing monitoring and driving factors quantitative assessment in China from 1982 to 2010 -- Grassland degradation restoration and constructing green ecological protective screen.
    Abstract: This book focuses on grassland ecosystem evaluation including vegetation coverage, net primary productivity, carbon sink accounting, and grassland degradation evaluation based on mutual data resource, ecosystem model simulation, remote sensing monitoring and driving mechanism exploration. It aims to provide a guide seeking to understand the overall situation of grassland in China in the context of global climate change and build a scenario for the driving force quantitative evaluation. It will be an essential reference to the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle and degraded grassland ecological restoration engineer implementation. Chapters are carefully developed to cover (1) situation of grassland in China; (2) spatial-temporal of grassland coverage in China;(3) net primary productivity evaluation; (4) carbon sink/source accounting and its carbon-hydrology effect;(5) grassland landscape pattern; (6) grassland degradation evaluation based on remote sensing;(7) Grassland degradation restoration and constructing green ecological protective screen. The new scenario and driving mechanism evaluation model make this book a valuable read for researcher of land ecosystem carbon cycle, ecosytem degradation remoete sensing evalution as well as organizations engaged in eco-restoration practices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 138 p. 49 illus., 31 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789813293823
    Series Statement: Springer Geography,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Oceanography. ; Offshore structures. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Geographic information systems. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Offshore Engineering. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Geographical Information System. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Abstract: This book presents selected articles from the International Conference on Asian and Pacific Coasts (APAC 2019), an event intended to promote academic and technical exchange on coastal related studies, including coastal engineering and coastal environmental problems, among Asian and Pacific countries/regions. APAC is jointly supported by the Chinese Ocean Engineering Society (COES), the Coastal Engineering Committee of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE), and the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers (KSCOE). APAC is jointly supported by the Chinese Ocean Engineering Society (COES), the Coastal Engineering Committee of the Japan Society of Civil Engineers (JSCE), and the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers (KSCOE).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 1483 p. 1887 illus., 1535 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811502910
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Software engineering. ; Environment. ; Software engineering Management. ; Sociology Methodology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Software Engineering. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Software Management. ; Sociological Methods.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Statistics fundamentals -- Spatial analyses -- Simulations -- Meteorology -- Hydrology -- Hydrogeology -- Hydrochemistry -- Climate change -- Water resources engineering -- Renewable energy. .
    Abstract: This book is designed to provide easy means of problem solving based on the science philosophical and logical rules that lead to effective and reliable software at the service of professional earth system scientists through numerical scientific computation techniques. Through careful examination of software illuminated by brief scientific explanations given in the book the reader may develop his/her skills of computer program writing. Science aspects that are concerned with earth systems need numerical computation procedures and algorithms of data collected from the field measurements or laboratory records. The same is also valid for data processing in social sciences and economics. Some of the data assessment and processing procedures are at the large scales and complex, and therefore, require effective and efficient computer programs. Data reduction and graphical display in addition to probabilistic and statistical calculations are among the general purposes of the book. Not only students’ works but also projects of researchers at universities and tasks of experts in different companies depend on reliable software. Especially, potential users of MATLAB in earth systems need a guidance book that covers a variety of practically applicable software solutions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 277 p. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030015428
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Physical geography. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Hot-Point Drills -- Electric Thermal Coring Drills -- Hot-Water Ice Drills -- Steam Ice Drills -- Perspectives For Future Development of Thermal Ice-Drilling Technology.
    Abstract: This book provides a review of thermal ice drilling technologies, including the design, parameters, and performance of various tools and drills for making holes in ice sheets, ice caps, mountain glaciers, ice shelves, and sea ice. In recent years, interest in thermal drilling technology has increased as a result of subglacial lake explorations and extraterrestrial investigations. The book focuses on the latest ice drilling technologies, but also discusses the historical development of ice drilling tools and devices over the last 100 years to offer valuable insights into what is possible and what not to do in the future. Featuring numerous figures and pictures, many of them published for the first time, it is intended for specialists working in ice-core sciences, polar oceanography, drilling engineers and glaciologists, and is also a useful reference for researchers and graduate students working in engineering and cold-regions technology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 278 p. 348 illus., 176 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811388484
    Series Statement: Springer Geophysics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 71
    Keywords: Pollution. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental management. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Rivers In Czech Republic -- Role of the Water in the Landscape -- Small Water Reservoirs, Ponds and Wetlands Restoration at the Abandoned Pond Areas -- Small Bodies of Water which Have Disappeared from the Czech Landscape and the Possibility of Restoring them -- Protection of Water Resources -- Groudwater Flow Problems and Their Modelling -- Hydrodynamical Modelling in Channel – Case study -- Modelling of Outflow – Case study -- Hydrological Reclamations Iin the Anthropogenically Affected Landscape of Northern Bohemia -- Modelling of the Water-Retention Capacity of the Landscape -- Floodplain Forests - Key Forest Ecosystems for Maintaining and Sustainable Management of Water Resources in Alluvial Landscape -- Agrotechnology as Key Factor of Effective Use of Water on Arable Land -- Ecosystem Services and Disservices of Watercourses and Water Areas -- Water Resources Management Planning -- Technical and Economic Evaluation of River Navigation -- Water Balance and Phase of Hydrocycle Dynamics -- Water in the Landscape from Limnological and Engineering Point of View -- Conclusions and Recommendations.
    Abstract: This book gathers technical and scientific contributions from leading researchers, academics, and lecturers, focusing on water management, water pollution and water structures in the Czech Republic. It discusses a variety of water resources management issues, from stormwater management in urban areas, water quantity, hydraulics structures and hydrodynamic modeling, to flood protection, presenting state-of-the-art developments for addressing a range of problems. Edited and authored by pioneers in the field who have been at the cutting edge of water management development in the Czech Republic, this book is of interest to environmental professionals, including scientists and policymakers both in the Czech Republic and around the globe.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 436 p. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030183639
    Series Statement: Springer Water,
    DDC: 363.73
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Environment. ; Plants Evolution. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Plant Evolution. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Botany of Mangroves -- Chapter 2. Botany of Mangroves -- Chapter 3. Introduction to Coastal Ecuador -- Chapter 4. Assessing 50 Years of Mangrove Forest Loss along the Pacific Coast of Ecuador: A Remote Sensing Synthesis -- Chapter 5. Results -- Chapter 6. Discussion: Local Actions with Global Consequences.
    Abstract: This book uses five decades of map data, air photos, and medium to high-resolution satellite imagery to track the expansions of aquaculture and the loss of both estuarine and mangrove land covers in Ecuador. The results are staggering. In some regions, Ecuador has lost almost 50% of its estuarine space and approximately 80% of its mangrove forest. The current estuarine land cover bears no resemblance to the historic estuarine land cover. The analysis is complete from 1968 to 2014. The analysis covers all the major estuaries of mainland Ecuador. The research expands beyond purely land cover into the land use of the estuaries and the implications of the land cover transitions. The author lived in Ecuador's estuarine environments for almost two years studying this area. During this time he conducted mapping workshops with local residents, conducted 100 interviews with local actors, conducted six group discussions with fisherfolk syndicates, conducted eight presentations, worked on a shrimp farm. He was employed by the Ministry of the Environment on a Prometeo fellowship for one-year researching estuarine health and worked on mangrove replanting projects in the estuaries. In addition to the remote sensing data, the author provides a contextual framework to the analysis. It is not just hard numbers that are presented, but a remote sensing analysis tied to local actors that tell a coherent almost 50 -year estuarine story at the national, provincial, and local scales The book is intended for researchers, academics, graduate students, NGOs, and government actors including those who work in development, environment, and policy implementation. It is suitable supplemental reading for students in courses related to the coastal zone, land use change, and remote sensing. The electronically supplementary material includes all the related data to underpin the analysis as well as all the resulting GIS files.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 195 p. 71 illus., 62 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030222406
    Series Statement: Coastal Research Library, 33
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geochemistry. ; Mineralogy. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geochemistry. ; Mineralogy.
    Abstract: The book represents a collection of papers presented at VI International Symposium "Biogenic - abiogenic interactions in natural and anthropogenic systems" that was held on 24-27 September 2018 in Saint Petersburg (Russia). Papers in this book cover a wide range of topics connecting with interactions between biogenic and abiogenic components in lithosphere, biosphere and technosphere. The main regarding topics are following: methods for studying the interactions between biogenic and abiogenic components; geochemistry of biogenic-abiogenic systems; biomineralization and nature-like materials and technologies; medical geology; biomineralogy and organic mineralogy; biomineral interactions in soil; biodeterioration of natural and artificial materials; biomineral interactions in extreme environment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 909 p. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030216146
    Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Earth System Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Natural disasters. ; Sustainability. ; Climatology. ; Human geography. ; Sociology, Urban. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Sustainability. ; Climate Sciences. ; Human Geography. ; Urban Sociology.
    Abstract: This book is a product of the joint efforts of interdisciplinary academic fields under the integrative framework of human geoscience. Human geoscience is a new genre of geoscience concerned with the natural phenomena that occur on the surface of the Earth and their relations with human activities. It therefore has connections with many fields of geoscience, namely, physical geography, geomorphology, geology, soil science, sedimentology, seismology, volcanology, meteorology, climatology, oceanography, and hydrology. It also has strong links to the humanities, social sciences, agricultural sciences, and engineering related to disaster prevention or mitigation. All these disciplines are important fields for understanding disasters and global environmental problems and for evaluating the associated risks comprehensively, then proposing mitigation strategies. The volume is designed for those who may not necessarily have a geoscience background but have broad scientific interest in understanding the causes, mechanisms, and consequences of geo-disasters and global environmental problems and wish to make the world more sustainable on that basis. The book consists of six parts: I. Introduction, II. Earth Surface Realms, III. Natural Resources and Society, IV. Natural Hazards and Society, V. Global Environmental Problems, and VI. Global Sustainability Programmes and Human Geoscience, which discusses the contribution of this field of science to a new comprehensive framework for global sustainability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 339 p. 142 illus., 105 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789813292246
    Series Statement: Advances in Geological Science,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Atmospheric science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Chapter 1. Scientific Background (J. Jones) -- Chapter 2. General Background (J. Jones, G. Guerova, J. Douša, G. Dick, S. de Haan, E. Pottiaux, O. Bock, R. Pacione and H. Vedel) -- Chapter 3. Advanced GNSS Processing Techniques (Working Group 1) (Y. Altiner, F. Alshawaf, J. Bosy, H. Brenot, E. Brockmann, R. Brožková, Z. Deng, G. Dick, W. Ding, J. Douša, K. Eben, M. Eliaš, R. Fernandes, Ganas, Geiger, G. Guerova, T. Hadaś, Hill, P. Hordyniec, F. Hurter, J. Jones, M. Kačmařík, K. Kaźmierski, J. Kaplon, P. Krč, Landskron, X. Li, Lu, J.P. Martins, G. Möller, L. Morel, G. Ófeigsson, R. Pacione, Pikridas, Pottiaux, J. Resler, W. Rohm, Sá, J. Sammer, T. Simeonov, W. Söhne, Stoycheva, Stürze, R. Szabolcs, N. Teferle, S. Thorsteinsson, P. Václavovic, H. Valentim, van Schaeybroeck, P. Viterbo, K. Wilgan, L. Yang, L. Zhao, N. Zinas and Zus) -- Chapter 4. Use of GNSS Tropospheric Products for High-Resolution, Rapid-Update NWP and Severe Weather Forecasting (Working Group 2) (J. S. Arriola, M. Bender, J. Berckmans, H. Brenot, C. Bruyninx, L. De Cruz, S. de Haan, G. Dick, N. Dymarska, K. Eben, G. Guerova, J. Jones, P. Krč, M. Lindskog, M. Mile, G. Möller, N. Penov, E. Pottiaux, J. Resler, W. Rohm, M. Slavchev, K. Stoev, Stoycheva, E. Trzcina and F. Zus) -- Chapter 5. Use of GNSS Tropospheric Products for Climate Monitoring (Working Group 3) (F. Ahmed, Araszkiewicz, Z. Bałdysz, K. Balidakis, Barroso, S. Bastin, S. Beirle, J. Berckmans, O. Bock, J. Böhm, J. Bogusz, M. Bos, E. Brockmann, M. Cadeddu, Chimani, J. Douša, G. Elgered, M. Eliaš, R. Fernandes, M. Figurski, E Fionda, M. Gruszczynska, G. Guerova, J. Guijarro, Hackman, R. Heinkelmann, J. Jones, S. Zengin Kazancı, Klos, Landskron, J.P. Martins, V. Mattioli, Mircheva, S. Nahmani, R T. Nilsson, T. Ning, Nykiel, R. Pacione, Parracho, E. Pottiaux, Ramos, P. Rebischung, Sá, Schuh, Stankunavicius, K. Stępniak, Valentim, R. Van Malderen, P. Viterbo, P. Willis and Xaver) -- Chapter 6. National Status Reports (Guergana Guerova) -- Chapter 7. STSM Reports (Guergana Guerova) -- Appendix.
    Abstract: The book (COST Action Final report) summarises the proceedings from COST Action ES1206. COST Action ES1206, Advanced GNSS Tropospheric Products for Severe Weather Events and Climate (GNSS4SWEC), was a 4-year project, running from 2013 to 2017, which coordinated new and improved capabilities from concurrent developments in GNSS, meteorological and climate communities. For the first time, the synergy of multi-GNSS constellations was used to develop new, more advanced tropospheric products, exploiting the full potential of multi-GNSS on a wide range of temporal and spatial scales - from real-time products monitoring and forecasting severe weather, to the highest quality post-processed products suitable for climate research. The Action also promoted the use of meteorological data as an input to real-time GNSS positioning, navigation, and timing services and has stimulated knowledge and data transfer throughout Europe and beyond. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 563 p. 290 illus., 270 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030139018
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Pollution. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Buildings Design and construction. ; Physical geography. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Building Construction and Design. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1.Introduction -- 2.Water resources in Europe -- 3.Demand for water in the building -- 4.Alternative water sources -- 5.Research on the effectiveness of systems with alternative water sources for buildings located in selected European countries -- 6.Research on the financial effectiveness of alternative water supply systems in European countries -- 7.The impact of rainwater harvesting and greywater recycling systems on sewage systems and the environment -- 8.Public perceptions of water shortages, conservation behaviors and possibilities of using alternatives water sources in buildings in European countries -- 9.Summary and final conclusions.
    Abstract: This book expands the body of scientific knowledge on research and solutions for alternative water systems. It addresses a wide variety of water management issues in buildings, ranging from the technical possibilities, hydraulic and financial efficiency, and public acceptance of decentralized water systems, to their impact on sewage systems. Climate changes, population growth, and progressive urbanization are the main causes of the growing interest in alternative sources of water around the world. Decentralized systems are seen not only as solutions that can effectively save water, but also as systems that can operate partially or completely independently of centralized suppliers. With these aspects in mind, the main focus of this book is on showcasing a new approach to water management at the building scale. The findings and insights presented here will support the development of future technical guidelines for using alternative water systems in urban areas – an aspect that is particularly important since, in many European countries, these systems are only very rarely used.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 175 p. 101 illus., 31 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030359591
    Series Statement: Water Science and Technology Library, 90
    DDC: 363.73
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Telecommunication. ; Human geography. ; Application software. ; Sustainability. ; Urban economics. ; Physical geography. ; Communications Engineering, Networks. ; Human Geography. ; Computer and Information Systems Applications. ; Sustainability. ; Urban Economics. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Introduction -- Chapter 1: Smart Living for Smart Cities -- Part 2: Community studies.-Chapter 2: Urban Transformation for Sustainable Growth and Smart Living: The Case of the Atlanta BeltLine -- Part 3: Ways and means -- Chapter 3: Exploring Livability in the era of Smart City: A case of Bhopal -- Chapter 4: Using Geospatial intelligence for smart living: Case study-Delhi -- Chapter 5: Smart Landscape Architecture for Smart Living: Dubai -- Part 4: Conclusion -- Chapter 6: International Collaborative Research Smart Living for Smart Cities and Conclusions of city studies.
    Abstract: This book, based on extensive international collaborative research, highlights the state-of-the-art design of smart living for metropolises, megacities, and metacities, as well as at the community and neighbourhood level. Smart living is one of six main components of smart cities, the others being smart people, smart economy, smart environment, smart mobility and smart governance. Smart living in any smart city can only be designed and implemented with active roles for smart people and smart city government, and as a joint effort combining e-Democracy, e-Governance and ICT-IoT systems. In addition to using information and communication technologies, the Internet of Things, Internet of Governance (e-Governance) and Internet of People (e-Democracy), the design of smart living utilizes various domain-specific tools to achieve coordinated, effective and efficient management, development, and conservation, and to improve ecological, social, biophysical, psychological and economic well-being in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of development ecosystems and stakeholders. This book presents case studies covering more than 10 cities and centred on domain-specific smart living components. The book is issued in two volumes and this volume focus on community studies and ways and means.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 222 p. 90 illus., 81 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811546037
    Series Statement: Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements,
    DDC: 621.382
    Language: English
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    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geomorphology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Oceanography. ; Biotic communities. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geomorphology. ; Water. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Ecosystems. ; Conservation Biology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword -- Preface -- Chapter 1. The Australian coast: Introduction -- Chapter 2. Tropical Northern province -- Chapter 3. Northwest Division -- Chapter 4. Pilbara region. Chapter 5. Kimberley-Territory division -- Chapter 6. Kimberley region -- Chapter 7. West Northern Territory region -- Chapter 8. North Arnhem Land region -- Chapter 9. Gulf of Carpentaria division -- Chapter 10. East Arnhem Land region -- Chapter 11. Southern Gulf of Carpentaria region -- Chapter 12. Western Cape York Peninsula region -- Chapter 13. Northeast division -- Chapter 14. East Cape York Peninsula region -- Chapter 15. Central Queensland region -- Chapter 16. Southern temperate province -- Chapter 17. Southeast division -- Chapter 18. Central eastern region -- Chapter 19. Southern NSW region -- Chapter 20. Gippsland region -- Chapter 21. East Tasmania region -- Chapter 22. Great southern division -- Chapter 23. West Tasmania region -- Chapter 24. North Tasmania region -- Chapter 25. Central and west Victoria region -- Chapter 26. Southern South Australian region -- Chapter 27. South Australian gulfs region -- Chapter 28. Western Eyre Peninsula region -- Chapter 29. Nullabor region -- Chapter 30. Southern Western Australia region -- Chapter 31. Southwest division -- Chapter 32. Southwest Western Australia region -- Chapter 33. Central west Western Australia region -- Chapter 34. The Australian coast: review and overview -- References -- Appendices.
    Abstract: This book describes the entire coast and beaches and barrier systems of Australia. It covers the coastal processes and systems that form and impact Australia's 30.000 km coast, 12.000 beaches and 2750 barrier systems. These processes include geology, geomorphology, climate, waves, tides, currents, sediment supply, as well as coastal ecosystems. The coast is divided into tropical northern and southern temperate provinces, within which are seven divisions, 23 regions and 354 coastal sediment compartments each of which is described in detail in the 34 chapters. Within these systems are the full range of wave through tide-dominated beaches and barriers ranging from cheniers to massive transgressive dune systems together with a range of onshore and longshore sand transport systems. This is an up to date reference for the entire coast, its present condition and likely responses to the impacts of climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 1241 p. 735 illus., 693 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030142940
    Series Statement: Coastal Research Library, 32
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 79
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    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Sociology, Urban. ; Financial risk management. ; Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Urban Sociology. ; Risk Management. ; Physical Geography. ; Climate Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. The promise of security -- Chapter 2. Responding to disasters -- Chapter 3. The Region of Umbria as case study -- Chapter 4. Planning for resilience -- Reference.
    Abstract: Given the increasing uncertainty due to catastrophic climate events, terrorist attacks, and economic crises, this book addresses planning for resilience by focusing on sharing knowledge among policy-makers, urban planners, emergency teams and citizens. Chapters look at the nature of contemporary risks, the widespread of resilience thinking and the gap between the theoretical conception and the practices. The book explores how resilience implies a change in planning practices, highlighting the need for flexibility in terms of procedures, and for dynamism in the knowledge systems and learning processes that are the main tools for interaction among different actors and scales. Given its breadth of coverage, the book offers a valuable resource for both academic readers (spatial planners, geographers, social scientists) and practitioners (policymakers, citizens’ associations).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 88 p. 4 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030172626
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Geography,
    DDC: 307.76
    Language: English
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  • 80
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Sustainability. ; Climatology. ; Geology. ; Ecology . ; Paleoecology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Sustainability. ; Climate Sciences. ; Geology. ; Ecology. ; Paleoecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Part I Weather and Climate -- 2. Chapter 1. Manifestations and contours of extreme high altitude climate change in the upper Karakoram Himalaya -- 3. Chapter 2. Changes in the large-scale circulations over north-west India -- 4. Chapter 3. Himalayan uplift and the Human evolution -- 5. Chapter 4. Projected Climate Change in the Himalayas during the 21st Century -- 6. Chapter 5. Dynamic Downscaling of Himalayan Climate -- 7. Chapter 6. Representation of the Himalayas in Weather and Climate models -- 8. Chapter 7. The Himalayan System: A Perspective -- 9. Chapter 8. Changes in pan evaporation and causative parameters: A case study from eastern Himalayan region -- 10. Chapter 9. Land atmosphere interaction over the Himalayan region -- 11. Chapter 10. Impact of Nino phases on the summer monsoon ISO modes of northwestern and eastern Himalaya -- 12. Chapter 11. Remotely-sensed rain and snowfall in the Himalaya -- 13. Part II. Paleoclimate -- 14. Chapter 12. Multi-proxy records of climate variations for the Himalaya -- 15. Chapter 13. Erosion in the Himalaya and its Coupling with Climate and Tectonics -- 16. Chapter 14. Tracking back the climatic variability and role of Indian winter monsoon in the central and western Himalaya: using proxy data -- 17. Chapter 15. Spatio-temporal variability of Stream flow in the Himalayan Region -- 18. Chapter 16. Quaternary glaciation of the Himalaya -- 19. Chapter 17. Geomorphological changes during Quaternary Period vis a vis role of climate and tectonics in Ladakh sector of Trans-Himalaya -- 20. Chapter 18. Climate and Source Identification of Organic Matter Using C/N Ratio in Freshwater Lakes of Kashmir Himalaya -- 21. Chapter 19. Deciphering Climate Variability over Western Himalaya Using Instrumental and Tree-ring Records -- 22. Part III. Snow, glaciers and hydrology -- 23. Chapter 20 Hydrology of cold-arid system cryosphere -- 24. Chapter 21. Glacio-hydrological model based on degree-day factor useful for the Himalayan River basins -- 25. Chapter 22. Observed changes in north west and central Himalayan cryosphere due to climate change -- 26. Chapter 23. Impacts of climate change on Himalayan glaciers: processes, predictions and uncertainties -- 27. Chapter 24. Hydrology of Himalayas -- 28. Chapter 25. Permafrost and seasonally frozen soil in the Himalaya -- 29. Chapter 26. Sensitivity of glaciers in part of the Suru basin, western Himalaya to ongoing climatic perturbations -- 30. Chapter 27. Floods and changes in their activity in the Indian Himalayan Region -- 31. Part IV. Ecology/Forestry -- 32. Chapter 28. Solving life on the move: developing a disperser functional classification for sub-Himalayan tropical forests -- 33. Chapter 29. Climate Change Trends and Ecosystem Resilience in the Hindu Kush Himalayas -- 34. Chapter 30. Social science perspectives on vulnerability to seasonal to interannual variability in the Himalayan region -- 35. Chapter 31. Issues of sustainability in a rapid warming Himalayas -- 36. Chapter 32. Challenges of Urban Growth Himalaya with Reference to Climate Change and Disaster Risk Mitigation. .
    Abstract: This book proposes a unique and comprehensive integrated synthesis of the current understanding of the science of Himalayan dynamics and its manifestations on physical systems and ecosystems at different spatial and temporal scales. In particular, this work covers relevant aspects of weather and climate, paleoclimate, snow, glacier and hydrology, ecology/forestry among other topics associated with the Himalayas. It highlights the role of the Himalayas in defining local to regional to global scale impact on weather and climate. It includes Himalayan impact on defining physical basis of changing glacier systems, permafrost melting/thawing, climate variability, and hydrological balances. As a result, this volume represents an important synthesized overview both for environmental and earth science researchers, and for policy makers and stakeholders interested in the physical and dynamical processes associated with the Himalayan massif.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 577 p. 210 illus., 185 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030296841
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Oceanography. ; Environmental economics. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Environmental Economics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Climate Change and the Pacific Islands -- Chapter2. Islands in the Pacific – settings, distribution, classification -- Chapter3 Climate Change Scenarios and Projections for the Pacific.-Chapter4. Comparison of the physical susceptibility of Pacific Islands to risks potentially associated with variability in weather and climate -- Chapter5 Downscaling from Whole Island to an island-coast assessment of coastal landform susceptibility to metocean change in the pacific -- Chapter6. A review of South Pacific tropical cyclones: Impacts of natural climate variability and climate change -- Chapter7. Impacts of Climate Change on Coastal Infrastructure in the Pacific -- Chapter 8 Population distribution in the Pacific islands, proximity to coastal areas, and risks -- Chapter9. Agriculture under a changing climate -- Chapter10. Impacts of climate change on marine resources in the Pacific Island region -- Chapter11. Freshwater availability under climate change -- Chapter12. Climate change and impacts on biodiversity on small islands -- Chapter13. Economic impacts and implications of climate change in the Pacific -- Chapter14. Adaptation to climate change: contemporary challenges and perspectives.
    Abstract: This edited volume addresses the impacts of climate change on Pacific islands, and presents databases and indexes for assessing and adapting to island vulnerabilities. By analyzing susceptibility variables, developing comprehensive vulnerability indexes, and applying GIS techniques, the book's authors demonstrate the particular issues presented by climate change in the islands of the Pacific region, and how these issues may be managed to preserve and improve biodiversity and human livelihoods. The book first introduces the issues specific to island communities, such as high emissions impacts, and discusses the importance of the lithological traits of Pacific islands and how these physical factors relate to climate change impacts. From here, the book aims to analyze the various vulnerabilities of different island sectors, and to formulate a susceptibility index from these variables to be used by government and planning agencies for relief prioritization. Such variables include tropical cyclones, built infrastructures, proximity to coastal areas, agriculture, fisheries and marine resources, groundwater availability, biodiversity, and economic impacts on industries such as tourism. Through the categorization and indexing of these variables, human and physical adaptation measures are proposed, and support solutions are offered to aid the inhabitants of affected island countries. This book is intended for policy makers, academics, and climate change researchers, particularly those dealing with climate change impacts on small islands.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 538 p. 110 illus., 105 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030328788
    Series Statement: Springer Climate,
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Biogeography. ; Physical geography. ; Microbial ecology. ; Bioorganic chemistry. ; Biogeosciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Microbial Ecology. ; Bioorganic Chemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: Diversity and assembly of seep-associated microbial communities -- Anaerobic hydrocarbon-degrading sulfate-reducing bacteria at marine gas and oil seeps -- Guaymas Basin, a hydrothermal hydrocarbon seep ecosystem -- The Gulf of Mexico: An introductory survey of a seep-dominated seafloor landscape -- Benthic deep-sea life associated with asphaltic hydrocarbon emissions at Chapopote, southern Gulf of Mexico -- Archaea in Mediterranean Sea cold seep sediments and brine pools -- The microbial communities of the East Mediterranean Sea mud volcanoes and pockmarks -- Large sulfur-oxidizing bacteria at Gulf of Mexico hydrocarbon seeps -- Growth patterns of giant deep-sea Beggiatoaceae from a Guaymas Basin vent site -- Uncovering microbial hydrocarbon degradation processes: the promise of stable isotope probing.
    Abstract: This book provides an up-to-date overview of the microbiology, biogeochemistry, and ecology of marine hydrocarbon seeps, a globally occurring habitat for specialized microorganisms and invertebrates that depend on natural hydrocarbon seepage as a food and energy source. Prominent examples include the briny hydrocarbon seeps and mud volcanoes on the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico and in the Mediterranean, the hydrothermally heated hydrocarbon seeps at Guaymas Basin (Mexico), and the oil and gas seeps off the coast of California and in the Gulf of Mexico. Featuring topical chapters by leading researchers in the area, the book describes geological settings, chemical characteristics of hydrocarbon seepage, hydrocarbon-dependent microbial populations, and ecosystem structure and trophic networks at hydrocarbon seeps. Further, it also discusses applied aspects such as bioremediation potential (oil-degrading microorganisms).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 199 p. 55 illus., 49 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030348274
    Series Statement: Springer Oceanography,
    DDC: 578.09
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Structural-Geological Mapping of Karst Area -- Late Cretaceous and Paleogene Paleokarsts of the Northern Sector of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform -- Lithomorphogenesis of Karst Surface -- Significant Findings from Karst Sediment Research -- Measurements of Present-Day Limestone Dissolution and Calcite Precipitation Rates with Limestone Tablets in Stream Caves (with the Case Study of Škocjanske Jame) -- Water Quality Monitoring in Karst -- Planning Contamination Emergency Response Measures for Karst Water Sources -- Deciphering Epiphreatic Conduit Geometry from Head and Flow Data -- Microbial Underground; Microorganisms and Their Habitats in Škocjan Caves -- Changing Perspectives on Subterranean Habitats -- Research Infrastructures and Karst Science.
    Abstract: This book presents the latest advances in karstology by researchers at the ZRC SAZU Karst Research Institute, Slovenia – home of Classical Karst. It features interdisciplinary investigations carried out on the karst surface, subsurface, caves, and associated waters. It covers various topics, such as analysis of karst processes, including the mineralogical and lithological characteristics of sediments and carbonate rocks; structural geological mapping; detecting the old traces of paleokarst; the formation of karst surfaces in a variety of types of rock and conditions; and the evolution of karst, which can aid in dating sediments, and in tracing aquifers using artificial and natural tracers. In addition, the book provides detailed information on the use and development of various research methods, ranging from comprehensive field research, long-term measurements, and laboratory analyses to computer and laboratory modeling. Integrating karst geology, geomorphology, hydrology, ecology, speleobiology, and microbiology research, these methods provide readers with a far deeper understanding of karst terrains.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 222 p. 195 illus., 165 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030268275
    Series Statement: Advances in Karst Science,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Geology. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Abstract: This book presents selected papers from the EuroKarst 2018 conference, which highlighted the latest advances in the field of Karst Hydrogeology and Carbonate Reservoirs. The event attracted more than 180 participants. From among their contributions, the papers were selected and subsequently reviewed by the scientific committee to ensure the highest possible quality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 249 p. 160 illus., 143 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030140151
    Series Statement: Advances in Karst Science,
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Environment. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Environmental sciences. ; Physics. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Water. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Physics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. The ocean begins -- Chapter2. Oceans created - oceans destroyed -- Chapter3. Where did continents come from? -- Chapter4. How deep is the ocean? -- Chapter5. The ocean in motion ! -- Chapter6. The lungs of the ocean -- Chapter7. Frozen ocean - ice ages and climate change -- Chapter8. The continental shelf -- Chapter9. The face of the deep -- Chapter10. An ocean of mysteries.
    Abstract: This book provides an introduction to ocean sciences that is engaging, evocative and accessible to non-experts interested in marine geoscience, while sparking readers' interest in important unsolved mysteries in marine science. The scope of the book is quite broad, but focuses on the physical ocean and its geological evolution, including the author's experiences working as an oceanographer over the last thirty years. Across ten chapters, the book traces the origins of the ocean from its formation 4 billion years ago, reviews the discoveries of the theory of plate tectonics, the ice ages and the great ocean conveyor, and discusses seafloor features (canyons, seamounts, trenches, abyssal plains, etc.), how they formed and their current environmental issues. The book concludes with a prognosis for the future ocean we might expect with global climate change and other human impacts. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VII, 199 p. 31 illus., 27 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030156329
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Environment. ; Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Oceanography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Climate Sciences. ; Ocean Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Part I: Arctic and Antarctic -- Part II: Climate change and adaptation -- Part III: Himalayan Cryosphere and climate change.
    Abstract: This book showcases the results of studies pertaining to climate changes in the Polar Regions - Arctic-Antarctic-Himalaya. It discusses the significant variations due to thinning of sea ice in the Arctic, insights on the first Indian Arctic multi-sensor mooring (IndARC), political context of major geological and tectonic features of Arctic Ocean, climate change and its predicted impacts on fisheries and coastal communities. The book also contains the work pursued under the National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystems, aiming towards strengthening the capacities of farmers through appropriate Lab-to-Land intervention to combat climate change issues. Discussions on various models like WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting), Regional Climate Model (RegCM4) pertaining to Himalaya have been highlighted to gain more insights on climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVIII, 238 p. 112 illus., 96 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030216795
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Statistics . ; Engineering geology. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Statistical Theory and Methods. ; Geoengineering. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Entrance -- Limits of symmetric variance -- Association with asymmetry and steepness (kurtosis) -- Presentation of the logarithmic equal distribution, Eqbl -- Properties of Eqb -- Use of the Eqbl for the analysis of earthquakedata -- Approximation to the location parameters modal, mean, median; Introduction of the sine derivative -- Final Statement -- Summary.
    Abstract: The book describes the assessment of the risk and probability of occurrence of damage according to the Richter scale. It explains the connection of the probability theory of extreme processes with examples from the sciences of earthquake observation. In contrast to many views, the present analysis takes into account the complete population of all measurement data of the magnitudes from 0 to the measured maximum Contents: Entrance Limits of symmetric variance Association with asymmetry and steepness (kurtosis) Presentation of the logarithmic equal distribution, Eqbl Properties of Eqb Use of the Eqbl for the analysis of earthquakedata Approximation to the location parameters modal, mean, median; Introduction of the sine derivative Final Statement Summary Target Groups: Engineers who are concerned with earthquake-resistant building concepts Geological institutes dealing with earthquakes and their dynamic effects Students of architecture, housing and urban planning Author: Marcus Hellwig currently works as QualityEngineer, He`s member of SCEC Community, Southern California Earthquake Center. Marcus does research in Statistics, Probability Theory and Telecommunications Engineering. His current project is 'New Probability Density Functions Equibalance Distributions Eqb & Eqbl' - also for the evaluation of i.a. Earthquake events.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 77 p. 85 illus., 69 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783658298593
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Soil science. ; Agriculture. ; Physical geography. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Soil Science. ; Agriculture. ; Physical Geography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Soil Research and Soil Mapping History (Ranjith. B. Mapa)._ Chapter 2. Climate (B.V.R. Punyawardena) -- Chapter 3. Geology and Geomorphology (Rohana Chandrajith) -- Chapter 4. Soil Mineralogy (Srimathie P. Indraratne) -- Chapter 5. Major Soils of the Dry Zone and Their Classification (A.R. Dassanayake, G.G. R. De Silva and Ranjith B. Mapa) -- Chapter 6 Major Soils of the Intermediate Zone and Their Classicization ( A.R. Dassanayake, L.L.W. Somasiri and Ranjith B. Mapa) -- Chapter 7 Major Soils of the Wet Zone and Their Classification ( A.R. Dassanayake, A. Senarath, L.S.K. Hettiarachchi and Ranjith. B. Mapa) -- Chapter 8. Land Use (Ranjith B. Mapa) -- Chapter 9. Soil Degradation (H.B.Nayakekorala) -- Chapter 10. Future Soil Issues (Ranjith B. Mapa). .
    Abstract: This book presents a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the soils of Sri Lanka. Including sections on the soil research history, climate, geology, geomorphology, major soil types, soil maps, soil properties, soil classification, soil fertility, land use and vegetation, soil management, soils and humans, soils and industry, and future soil issues, the book summarizes the current state of knowledge in a concise and highly reader-friendly way. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 128 p. 92 illus., 59 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030441449
    Series Statement: World Soils Book Series,
    DDC: 631.4
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Agriculture Economic aspects. ; Agriculture. ; Soil science. ; Physical Geography. ; Climate Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Agricultural Economics. ; Agriculture. ; Soil Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword -- Chapter 1: Background to the natural landscape and the consequences of the ecosystem conversion -- Chapter 2: Socio-economic and institutional drivers and impacts of land use change -- Chapter 3: Potentials and Strategies of adapted land use as basis for ecological and social-economic sustainable development of the rural landscape -- Chapter 4: Change in Regional Development -- Chapter 5: Summary and outlook -- Acknowledgement.
    Abstract: This book focuses on a representative example and one of the world’s largest steppe conversions, and provides a detailed overview of the results of the BMBF-funded research project KULUNDA. As part of the Siberian virgin land policy, the Kulunda steppe was transformed into agricultural land from 1954 to 1965. In the course of the project, a multidisciplinary research team conducted a natural, social-economic and agro-scientific cause-and-effect analysis of (agro-)ecosystem destabilisation, as well as various field trials covering tillage and crop rotation options in their socio-economic context. The ecologically and economically sound findings offer strategies for combining climate smart land utilization, ecosystem restoration and sustainable regional development, and can readily be applied to other virgin land conversion efforts. In addition, the findings on the Eurasian steppes will expand the current conversion literature, which mainly consists of the ‘Dust Bowl’ literature of the North American plains. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scientists, professionals, and students in the environmental, geo- and climate sciences. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVI, 522 p. 202 illus., 164 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030159276
    Series Statement: Innovations in Landscape Research,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 90
    Keywords: Environmental management. ; Physical geography. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Geographic information systems. ; Environmental Management. ; Physical Geography. ; Conservation Biology. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania: An Introduction -- SECTION I: Communities and Management Challenges -- Chapter 2: A Geography of Protected Areas -- Chapter 3: Conservation Governance in Northern Tanzania: Implications for Conservation and Community Livelihood -- Chapter 4: Wilderness Skills Offering to Students -- Chapter 5: Hunting in Tanzania: Opportunities and Challenges -- Chapter 6: Tourism Supply System -- Chapter 7: Response of Cavity Breeding Birds on Shortage of Deadwood Outside Protected Areas -- Chapter 8: Historical Change in Porter Work on Kilimanjaro -- SECTION II: Geospatial Technologies, Land Cover, and Conservation in Northern Tanzania -- Chapter 9: Land Cover Change in the Kwakuchinga Wildlife Corridor -- Chapter 10: Mkomazi National Park Vegetation Dynamics -- Chapter 11: Spatiotemporal Patterns of Giraffe Poaching Around Arusha National Park -- Chapter 12: Community Forestry in Northern Tanzania -- Chapter 13: Illegal Logging in Arusha National Park -- Chapter 14: Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania: The Way Forward.
    Abstract: Northern Tanzania is an important and diverse ecological and cultural region with many protected lands. This book, Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania, brings to the forefront research on significant issues and developments in conservation and management in national parks and protected lands in northern Tanzania. The book draws attention to issues at the intersection of conservation, tourism, and community livelihood, and several studies use geospatial technologies—Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing data and techniques—to study land use and land cover conversion. With contributions from professors at the Mweka College of African Wildlife Management located at the foot of Mount Kilimanjaro and other Tanzanian researchers, the book provides important perspectives of local experts and practitioners. Protected Areas in Northern Tanzania provides a significant contribution in research and technological advancement in the areas of wildlife conservation and protected land management throughout this critical region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 179 p. 40 illus., 29 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030433024
    Series Statement: Geotechnologies and the Environment, 22
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
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  • 91
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Environmental management. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Physical Geography. ; Climate Sciences. ; Water. ; Environmental Management. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- PART A: MARINE RISK ASSESSMENT PERSPECTIVES -- 1) Application of the IGRC framework for SAR -- 2) Historical Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR) Incident Analysis: Interactive visualization aids for improved risk assessment and decision making -- 3) Oil spill risk in the Canadian Arctic: An exploratory application of the International Risk Governance Framework -- 4) Ship-generated underwater noise -- PART B: INDIGENOUS RIGHTS AND MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING PERSPECTIVES -- 5) Shipping Governance and Inuit Rights -- 6) Inuit knowledge and data: An exploration of decision support systems for marine spatial planning in the eastern Canadian Arctic -- 7) Balancing competing ocean uses: The EU approach to Marine Spatial Planning -- 8) Integrated Ocean Management in France: Some perspectives -- PART C: MARITIME REGULATORY POLICY PERSPECTIVES -- 9) The IMO Framework and Process of Shipping Regulations -- 10) The regulation of air pollution from ships in the Northwest Atlantic and Arctic Oceans: The need for an integrated and equitable approach -- 11) A Change in the Ice Regime: Polar Code Implementation in Canada Drummond Fraser, Transport Canada -- 12) Seafarers and Arctic cruise shipping: Protecting those who work while others explore and sightsee -- 13) Mapping the Occupational Health and Safety Challenges Arising from Employment-Related Geographical Mobility (E-RGM) Among Canadian Seafarers on the Great Lakes and St Lawrence River -- 14) Fisher safety -- 15) Search and rescue at sea: do new challenges need new rules? -- 16) Conclusion. .
    Abstract: This open access book is a result of the Dalhousie-led research project Safe Navigation and Environment Protection, supported by a grant from the Ocean Frontier Institute’s the Canada First Research Excellent Fund (CFREF). The book focuses on Arctic shipping and investigates how ocean change and anthropogenic impacts affect our understanding of risk, policy, management and regulation for safe navigation, environment protection, conflict management between ocean uses, and protection of Indigenous peoples’ interests. A rapidly changing Arctic as a result of climate change and ice loss is rendering the North more accessible, providing new opportunities while producing impacts on the Arctic. The book explores ideas for enhanced governance of Arctic shipping through risk-based planning, marine spatial planning and scaling up shipping standards for safety, environment protection and public health. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 319 p. 40 illus., 31 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030449759
    Series Statement: Springer Polar Sciences,
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geology. ; Natural disasters. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Natural Hazards. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2.Flood risk assessment -- 3. Flood damage assessment -- 4. Flood risk management -- 5. Case studies -- 6. Conclusion.
    Abstract: The costs of damages caused by extreme weather events, among which floods are a major category, are showing a rapid upward trend, both globally and in Europe. Scope and extremity of flood episodes point to the need to build a comprehensive proposal including the completion of flood protection measures in areas exposed to flood risk. The aim of flood risk management is to present flood protection measures. This book presents the state of the art of essential knowledge on methods and tools of flood risk assessment and management to young researchers, academics, lecturers and water management practitioners. This book is dedicated to flood damage assessment focused on social, economic and environmental damages management. Its objectives are to develop a general methodology for flood risk assessment and to present a choice of effective flood protection methods according the objectives of flood risk management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 120 p. 46 illus., 36 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030500535
    Series Statement: Water Science and Technology Library, 94
    DDC: 551
    Language: English
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  • 93
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Singapore :Springer Nature Singapore :
    Keywords: Human geography. ; Application software. ; Sustainability. ; Political science. ; Urban economics. ; Physical geography. ; Human Geography. ; Computer and Information Systems Applications. ; Sustainability. ; Political Science. ; Urban Economics. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Smart Environment for Smart Cities -- Smart Environment for Smart and sustainable Hong Kong -- Automation based smart environment resources management in smart building of smart city -- Smart Open spaces for Smart Chandigarh -- Smart environment through smart tools and technologies for urban green spaces -- A Solar Intensive Approach for Smart Environment Planning -- Smart Water Management for Smart Kozhikode Metropolitan Area -- Visualising Environmental Impact of Smart New Delhi -- Amidst the Governance Challenges in Environmental Management and Sustainable Urbanization in Surat -- Local government and technological innovation: Lessons from a case study of Yokohama Smart City Project -- Responsive Infrastructure and Service Provision Initiatives Framing Smart Environment Attainment in Nairobi -- Smart Dubai: Sensing Dubai Smart City for Smart Environment Management -- International Collaborative Research: “Smart Environment for Smart Cities” and Conclusions of Cities Case Studies.
    Abstract: This book discusses the design and practice of environmental resources management for smart cities. Presenting numerous city case studies, it focuses on one specific environmental resource in each city. Environmental resources are commonly owned properties that require active inputs from the government and the people, and in any smart city their management calls for a synchronous combination of e-democracy, e-governance and IOT (Internet of Things) systems in a 24/7 framework. Smart environmental resources management uses information and communication technologies, the Internet of Things, internet of governance (e-governance) and internet of people (e-democracy) along with conventional resource management tools to achieve coordinated, effective and efficient management, development, and conservation that equitably improves ecological and economic welfare, without compromising the sustainability of development ecosystems and stakeholders.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVII, 530 p. 238 illus., 231 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811368226
    Series Statement: Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements,
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Human geography. ; Economic geography. ; Cultural geography. ; Natural disasters. ; Physical Geography. ; Climate Sciences. ; Human Geography. ; Economic Geography. ; Social and Cultural Geography. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Natural Aspects -- Chapter 1 -- Geography and Geology -- Chapter 2 -- The Climate of the Uttarakhand Himalaya -- Chapter 3 -- Glaciers of the Uttarakhand Himalaya -- Chapter 4 -- Water Resources and Change -- Chapter 5 -- Forests of Uttarakhand Himalaya -- Chapter 6 -- Increasing Events of Disasters -- Chapter 7 -- Change in Culture and Customs -- Chapter 8 -- Population, Social and Economic Change -- Chapter 9 -- Migration and Agrarian Change -- Chapter 10 -- Sustainable Development under Changing Environment -- Chapter 11 -- Conclusions: Drivers of Change, Resilience and Adaptation -- Index.
    Abstract: This book provides a unique and comprehensive assessment of the changes that have been taking place in the Himalayas. It describes in detail all the aspects of change, both natural and cultural, along with their implications, and suggests policy measures to help mitigate them. The book is divided into two major sections – on natural changes and cultural changes – and 11 chapters: an introduction, six addressing changes that concern natural aspects, and four exploring cultural changes and presenting the book’s conclusions. The content is based on a study conducted using a participatory observation/empirical method. Time series data from secondary sources is also included, helping to analyze the various changes. The findings are presented in the form of color graphs, models, maps, photographs, and tables. The book offers a valuable resource for policymakers, and will prove equally useful for all other stakeholders, e.g. researchers, students and development agents. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXXVII, 193 p. 73 illus., 60 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030141806
    Series Statement: Advances in Global Change Research, 66
    DDC: 910.02
    Language: English
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  • 95
    Keywords: Oceanography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Renewable energy sources. ; Climatology. ; Physical geography. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Water. ; Renewable Energy. ; Climate Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Research progress of wave energy evaluation -- Temporal-spatial distribution of wave energy in the Maritime Silk Road -- Climatic trend of wave energy in the Maritime Silk Road -- Short-term forecast of wave energy in the Maritime Silk Road -- Long-term projection of wave energy in the Maritime Silk Road -- Wave energy assessment and proposal in the Sri Lankan waters -- Dataset construction of wave energy resources in the Maritime Silk Road -- Prospects of wave energy evaluation.
    Abstract: This book focuses on the evaluation of wave energy in the Maritime Silk Road. Firstly, it compares wave energy and other main energy sources, and then discusses the various disadvantages. It also presents the current research and the difficulties of wave energy evaluation, and systematically analyzes the climatic characteristics of the wave energy, including the temporal–spatial distribution and climatic trend of a series of key factors (e.g. wave power density, availability, richness, stability, energy direction, energy storage). It then describes the design of a short-term forecasting scheme and a long-term projection scheme of wave energy suitable for the Maritime Silk Road, to serve as a plan for the daily operation and long-term development of wave energy. Further, it highlights the wave energy analysis and decision-making in the context of the remote islands and reefs, using Sri Lanka is taken as a case study. Lastly, it presents the first wave energy resource dataset for the Maritime Silk Road. This book is one of a series of publications on the 21st century Maritime Silk Road (shortened as “Maritime Silk Road”) that covers the characteristics of the marine environment and marine new energy, remote islands and reef construction, climate change, early warning of wave disasters, legal escort, marine environment and energy big data construction, contributing to the safe and efficient construction of the Maritime Silk Road. It aims to improve our knowledge of the ocean, and so improve the capacity for marine construction, enhance the viability of remote islands and reefs, ease the energy crisis and protect the ecological environment and improve the quality of life of residents along the Maritime Silk Road, as well as to protect the rights, and interests of the countries and regions participating in the construction of the Maritime Silk Road. This book is a valuable reference resource for decision-makers, researchers, and marine engineers working in the related fields.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 170 p. 95 illus., 94 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811509179
    Series Statement: Springer Oceanography,
    DDC: 551.46
    Language: English
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  • 96
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geophysics. ; Biotic communities. ; Oceanography. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Ecosystems. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: - Iriomote Island, Japan -- Observational method -- Numerical simulation method -- Dynamical properties of coastal currents in the northwestern part of Iriomote Island Part 1 - Sakiyama and Amitori bays -- Dynamical properties of coastal currents in the northwestern part of Iriomote Island Part 2 - Funauki and Shirahama bays -- Sediment monitoring in Sakiyama and Amitori bays -- Transport properties of soil particles in Sakiyama and Amitori bays -- Underwater three dimensional measurements -- Coral distributions and physical environments in Amitori Bay -- Coral distributions and physical environments in Sakiyama Bay -- Estimation technique for horizontal distribution of coral -- Distribution of Enhalus acoroides according to waves and currents -- Numerical analysis of initial dynamic state of bundle of Acroporidae spawning in Amitori Bay -- Numerical analysis of dispersals of Enhalus acoroides seeds and fruits in the northwest sea area of Iriomote Island -- Coral recruitment on a local scale in Amitori Bay, Iriomote Island, estimated by filed surveys and numerical analyses -- Numerical analysis of dynamic state of Coenobita brevimanus‘s larvae in Amitori Bay.
    Abstract: This book presents recent results of collaborative studies in geophysics and ecology, focusing on the relationship between the physical environment and the distribution of the marine coastal ecosystems. The study area, the Sakiyamawan–Amitoriwan nature conservation area in Iriomote Island of Japan, is the only oceanic nature conservation area in the country. The area has no access roads, and the bay perimeter is uninhabited; therefore, it preserves the natural environment with very little human impact. In addition, it has various environmental gradients such as topography and inflows from rivers with mangrove forests which affect the distribution of marine coastal ecosystems such as those containing reef-building corals, sea grasses, and hermit crabs. For these reasons, the area is one of the best places for the study of the relationship between the physical environment and the distribution of the marine coastal ecosystems, a relationship that is important for their conservation but has not been investigated fully. This book is aimed at students and researchers in the fields of oceanography and marine coastal ecology as well as general readers who are interested in coral reefs, diving, and nature conservation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 273 p. 187 illus., 161 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811511295
    Series Statement: Springer Oceanography,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geotechnical engineering. ; Geographic information systems. ; Physical geography. ; Agriculture. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Agriculture. ; Geophysics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Precision agriculture and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) -- Chapter 3.Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based Hyperspectral imaging system for precision agriculture and forest management -- Chapter 4. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for fertilizer management in grassland of Hokkaido, Japan -- Chapter 5. Corn height estimation using UAV for yield prediction and crop monitoring -- Chapter 6. Supporting Oil palm replanting programs using UAV and GIS in Malaysia -- Chapter 7. Applications of UAVs in Plantation Health and Area Management in Malaysia -- Chapter 8. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System (UAVS) Applications in Forestry and Plantation Operations: Experiences in Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo -- Chapter 9. UAV-based SfM-MVS mapping cliff face in central crater of Miharayama, Izu Oshima, central Japan -- Chapter 10. Applications of UAV remote sensing to topographic and vegetation surveys -- Chapter 11. The Role of Infrared Thermal Imaging in Road Patrolling Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles -- Chapter 12. Fusion and Enhancement Techniques for Processing of Multispectral Images -- Chapter 13. Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for Urban Green Space Mapping in Urbanizing Indian Cities -- Chapter 14. Responsibility and accountability in the governance of civilian UAV for crop insurance applications in India.
    Abstract: This book showcases how new and emerging technologies like Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are trying to provide solutions to unresolved socio-economic and environmental problems. Unmanned vehicles can be classified into five different types according to their operation. These five types are unmanned ground vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned surface vehicles (operating on the surface of the water), unmanned underwater vehicles, and unmanned spacecraft. Unmanned vehicles can be guided remotely or function as autonomous vehicles. The technology has a wide range of uses including agriculture, industry, transport, communication, surveillance and environment applications. UAVs are widely used in precision agriculture; from monitoring the crops to crop damage assessment. This book explains the different methods in which they are used, providing step-by-step image processing and sample data. It also discusses how smart UAVs will provide unique opportunities for manufacturers to utilise new technological trends to overcome the current challenges of UAV applications. The book will be of great interest to researchers engaged in forest carbon measurement, road patrolling, plantation monitoring, crop yield estimation, crop damage assessment, terrain modelling, fertilizer control, and pest control.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 199 p. 110 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030271572
    DDC: 624.151
    Language: English
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Geographic information systems. ; Mathematics Data processing. ; Statistics . ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water. ; Geographical Information System. ; Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis. ; Statistics in Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Hydrological Data Assimilation -- Chapter 1 - Introduction -- Chapter 2 - Data assimilation and remote sensing data -- Part 2: Model-Data -- Chapter 3 - Hydrologic model -- Chapter 4 - Remote sensing for assimilation -- Part 3 : Data Assimilation Filters -- Chapter 5 - Sequential Data Assimilation Techniques for Data Assimilation -- Part 4 : GRACE Data Assimilation -- Chapter 6 - Efficient Assimilation of GRACE TWS into Hydrological Models -- Part 5 : Water Budget Constraint -- Chapter 7 - Constrained Data Assimilation Filtering -- Chapter 8 - Unsupervised Constraint for Hydrologic Data Assimilation -- Part 6 : Data-driven Approach -- Chapter 9 - Non-parametric Hydrologic Data Assimilation -- Chapter 10 - Parametric and Non-parametric Data Assimilation Frameworks -- Part 7 Hydrologic Applications -- Chapter 11- Groundwater Depletion over Iran -- Chapter 12 - Water Storage Variations over Bangladesh -- Chapter 13 - Multi-mission Satellite Data Assimilation over South America. .
    Abstract: This book presents the fundamentals of data assimilation and reviews the application of satellite remote sensing in hydrological data assimilation. Although hydrological models are valuable tools to monitor and understand global and regional water cycles, they are subject to various sources of errors. Satellite remote sensing data provides a great opportunity to improve the performance of models through data assimilation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 290 p. 101 illus., 88 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030373757
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 99
    Keywords: Pollution. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Political planning. ; Environmental policy. ; Physical geography. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Public Policy. ; Environmental Policy. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. The compelling nature of water pollution as a Common-Pool-Resource problem -- Chapter 2. Theories and theoretical contribution -- Chapter 3. Methods & Cases -- Chapter 4. Empirical analysis I: On cooperation -- Chapter 5. Empirical analysis II: On the emergence of cooperation -- Chapter 6. Empirical analysis III: On the consolidation of cooperation -- Chapter 7. Conclusion I: Theoretical insights on cooperation in CPR settings -- Chapter 8. Conclusion II.
    Abstract: This book investigates how actors organize in order to solve a water quality problem. Research on the use of environmental resources has mainly focused on the circumstances needed for users to self-organize or to maintain an already sustainable way of resource use. Few studies have investigated the reasons why actors start to cooperate when they are faced with an environmental problem. Actor networks in three regions of the Rhine catchment area are scrutinized; a) actors’ cooperation pattern when managing an environmental problem; and b) the factors that trigger actors in a common-pool resource situation to initiate cooperation. Water quality policy is analysed in two European countries – Germany and Luxembourg, and one non-European country - Switzerland, providing an overview of the distinctive measure applied in these regions with the aim of tackling the water quality problem of micro-pollutants in river surface water. Applying the social-ecological system framework (SESF) devised by E. Ostrom and her colleagues and Social Network Analysis (SNA), the current book combines qualitative and quantitative methods to answer the question of why actors cooperate in the management process of an environmental problem like water pollution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 336 p. 65 illus., 54 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030367701
    DDC: 363.73
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Keywords: Sustainability. ; Physical geography. ; Economic development. ; Energy policy. ; Energy and state. ; Environmental management. ; Sustainability. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Development Studies. ; Energy Policy, Economics and Management. ; Environmental Management.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Introduction -- Chapter 1: The science of anthropogenic climate change -- Chapter 2: The Holocene, the Anthropocene, and the Planetary Boundaries -- Chapter 3: Managing the Earth System – Why we Need a Poly-Scalar Approach -- Chapter 4: Environmental Accounting, Absolute Limits, and Systemic Change -- Chapter 5: Resolving the Disconnect between Earth System Science, Management Theory, and Environmental Accounting -- Part 2: Developing Planetary Quotes -- Chapter 6: Translating the Planetary Boundaries into Planetary Quotas -- Chapter 7: A Planetary Quota for Carbon Dioxide.-Chapter 8: A Quota for Agricultural GHG Emissions (Methane and Nitrous Oxide) -- Chapter 9: A Quota for Forestland -- Chapter 10: A Quota for Ozone Depleting Substances -- Chapter 11: A Quota for Aerosols -- Chapter 12: A Quota for Water -- Chapter 13: A Quota for Nitrogen -- Chapter 14: The Phosphorus Quota -- Chapter 15: The Biodiversity Quota -- Chapter 16: The Imperishable Waste Quota. Part 3: The planetary Accounting Framework -- Chapter 17: The Planetary Accounting Framework.
    Abstract: This book presents a novel way to enable people, regardless of their scale of influence, to take responsibility for global environmental problems including climate change. It introduces a new framework called Planetary Accounting, which allows the Planetary Boundaries, non-negotiable limits for the environment, to be translated into limits for human activity. It shows how such limits can be broken down into chunks that can be managed at different levels (from individual and community, to business and sector levels, to cities and regions), and at any level of government. The book begins by summarising the science of climate change and introducing the notion of the Anthropocene – the “human age”. It highlights the importance of returning to and remaining within the Planetary Boundaries but shows that we can’t realistically do so unless we have a new approach to environmental accounting. The book then outlines how Planetary Accounting furnishes this new approach by combining sustainability science, change theory, and environmental accounting to create a scalable framework for environmental management that encourages systemic and individual change. The details of the science of and our human contribution to ten critical human pressures are then presented, and the book concludes with a guide for those seeking to apply Planetary Accounting in practice. Planetary Accounting could form the scientific underpinning of behaviour change programs, guide the development of policy and regulations, and provide both the basis for environmental laws, and the foundation of future global environmental agreements. It has been 50 years since the first views from space showed a blue planet alone in our solar system. This book is an historic opportunity to provide humanity for the first time with sufficient information to begin implementing Planetary Accounting. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 278 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9789811514432
    DDC: 304.2
    Language: English
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