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  • English  (5,209)
  • Russian  (189)
  • Swedish  (10)
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  • 1995-1999  (2,149)
  • 1975-1979  (2,034)
  • 1960-1964  (1,157)
  • 1945-1949  (45)
  • 1940-1944  (21)
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  • 1
    Call number: MOP Per 283(411)
    In: Trudy
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 124 S.
    Series Statement: Trudy / Glavnaja Geofiziceskaja Observatorija Imeni A. I. Voejkova 411
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 2
    Call number: MOP 32865
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VI, 404 s. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Language: English
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 3
    Call number: MOP 28727
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 174 S.
    Language: Russian
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Moskva : Nauka ; Nachgewiesen [1.]1960/61,2 -
    Call number: ZSP-550
    ISSN: 0130-3686
    Language: Russian
    Note: Erscheinungsjahr in Vorlageform:1960- , Zählungssprung , In kyrill. Schr
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 5
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat
    Call number: MOP 44964 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 181 S. : Kt.
    Language: Russian
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 6
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat
    Call number: MOP 44645 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 335 S.
    Uniform Title: Monsoon meteorology
    Language: Russian
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 7
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    London [u.a.] : Academic Press
    Call number: M 98.0230
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 890 S.
    Edition: 9th print.
    ISBN: 0125649223
    Series Statement: Probability and mathematical statistics : a series of monographs and textbooks
    Classification:
    Geodynamics
    Language: English
    Location: Upper compact magazine
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 8
    Call number: AWI A4-89-0036-2 ; AWI A4-78-0791-2 ; MOP 45231/B / Mitte
    In: Spravočnik po klimatu Antarktidy / pod red. I. M. Dolgina, Tom 2
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Foreword. - PART 1. - Organization of meteorological observations in Antarctica and techniques of climatological data reduction. - Publications of meteorological observations by Antarctic stations. - Explanations to tables. - TABLES. - Section 1. Air temperature. - Section 2. Air pressure. - Section 3. Wind. - Section 4. Air humidity. - Section 5. Cloudiness. - Section 6. Precipitation. - Section 7. Atmospheric phenomena. - Section 8. Visibility. - Section 9. Complex characteristics. - Alphabetic index of stations. - Meteorological stations location map. - List of meteorological stations. - PART 2. - Explanations to tables. - TABLES. - Section 1. Air temperature. - Section 2. Air pressure. - Section 3. Wind. - Section 4. Air humidity. - Section 5. Cloudiness. - Section 6. Precipitation. - Section 7. Atmospheric phenomena. - Meteorological stations location map. - Appendix. - List of literature.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 492 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Spravočnik po klimatu Antarktidy / pod red. I. M. Dolgina 2
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift , Inhaltsverzeichnis in englischer Sprache (Seite 6- 8])
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Location: AWI Reading room
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    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 9
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Tartu : Akademija Nauk Ėstonskoj SSR, Institut Astrofiziki i Fiziki Atmosfery
    Call number: MOP 44366 / Mitte ; AWI A19-19-23195
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 176 Seiten , Illustrationen , 1 Beilage
    Language: Russian
    Note: Contents: Foreword by the Pilot-Astronaut of the U.S.S.R A. G. Nikolayev. - Information of the TASS. - Programme of the Optical investigation of the Emission of the Atmosphere, Auroae and Noctilucent clouds aboard the Orbital Station "Salyut-4" / A. I. Lazarev, V. N. Sergeyevich. - Observations of Aurorae from Space / D. S. Yevlashin, P. I. Klimuk, I. I. Koksharov, A. I. Lazarev, V. I. Sevastyanov, V. N. Sergyevich. - Visual observations and photography of noctilucent clouds aboard orbital station "Saljut-4" / Ch. I. Willmann, P. I. Klimuk, P. I. Koksharov, V. I. Sevastyanov, V. N. Sergeyevich. - The physical interpretation of the spectra of noctilucent clouds / O. A. Avaste, A. M. Alekseyev, U. K. Veismann, Ch. I. Willmann, P. I. Klimuk, I. I. Koksharov, A. I. Lazarev, V. I. Sevastyanov, V. N. Sergeyevich, E. O. Fedorova, K. A. Eerme. - The determination of the daytime and twilight profiles of the O2(1Δg) at 1.27 µm from measurements aboard the orbital station "Salyut-4" / O. A. Avaste, U. K. Veismann, Ch. I. Willmann, G. M. Grechko, A. A. Gubarev, P. I. Klimuk, G. I. Lobanova, O. I. Popov, V. I. Sevastyanov, E. O. Fedorova, K. A. Eerme. - Horizontal optical inhomogeneity of the Upper Atmosphere in middle and equatorial latitudes according to the observations aboard the orbital station "Salyut-4" / S. V. Avakyan, P. I. Klimuk, I. I. Koksharov, A. I. Lazarev, V. I. Sevastyanov. - Observations of the earth's night and twilight horizons from the orbital station "Salyut-4" / P. I. Klimuk, I. I. Koksharov, A. I. Lazarev, G. I. Lobanova, E. M. Saar, V. I. Sevastyanov, V. N. Sergeyevich. - Meteor observation and cosmic dust investigation / Ch. I. Willmann, P. I. Klimuk, V. N. Lebedinets, V. I. Sevastyanov. - Ultraviolet radiation measurements of the moon and of the earth's upper atmosphere from the orbital station "Salyut-4" / V. B. Vasilyev, G. M. Grechko, A. A. Gubarev, B. M. Stolberg, V. M. Tiit, N.-R. A. Elmet, R. V. Shatskina. - Observations of the first expedition aboard the orbital station "Salyut-4" / A. I. Lazarev, G. M. Grechko, A. A. Buznikov. - Appendix. , In kyrillischer Schrift
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 10
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-339
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Analytical procedures. - Thick section analysis. - Measurements of inclusion pressure. - Gas volume measurements. - Density and porosity measurements. - Results and discussion. - Sizes, shapes and distributions of bubbles. - Sizes, shapes and distributions of cavities. - Inclusion abundances. - Gas pressures in bubbles and cavities. - Total gas content. - Case for lattice diffusion. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Cores obtained to the bottom of the Antarctic Ice Sheet at Byrd Station were used to analyze the physical properties of air bubbles trapped in the ice. These bubbles originate as pockets of air in the upper layers of snow and approximately 10 ml of air/100 cm^3 of ice; i.e., 10% by volume is retained permanently when the snow transforms into ice. Parameters measured were the sizes, shapes, abundances, spatial distributions, gas volumes and pressures of bubbles, and their variations with depth in the ice sheet. Bubbles occur abundantly in the top 800 m of ice but then gradually disappear until they can no longer be detected optically below 1100 m. This disappearance is not accompanied by any significant loss of air from the ice and all available evidence indicates that the air actually diffuses into the ice in response to increasing overburden pressure. The possibility exists that the dissolved gases are retained in the form of a gas hydrate or clathrate which, because of release of confining pressures, begins to decompose soon after ice cores are pulled to the surface. This decomposition is accompanied by the growth of gas-filled bubble-like cavities, and as much as 40% of the dissolved air has exsolved already from some cores in the space of less than three years. Bubble pressure measurements show that 1) bubbles with pressures exceeding about 16 bars begin to relax back to this value soon after in situ pressures are relieved by drilling, 2) further slow decompression occurs with time, and 3) the rate of decompression is controlled to some extent by the intrinsic structural properties of the ice and its thermal and deformational history. Only small variations were observed in the entrapped air content of the ice cores; they probably reflect variations in the temperature and/or pressure of the air at the time of its entrapment, but the data are not sufficient to draw any firm conclusions regarding past variations in ice sheet thickness. Only ice from the bottom 4.83 m was found to lack any detectable trace of air. Since this absence of air coincided precisely with the first appearance of stratified moraine in the cores, it is concluded that this ice originated from the refreezing of air-depleted water produced under pressure melting conditions at the bottom of the ice sheet.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 18 Seiten , Illlustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 339
    Language: English
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 11
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Sebastopol : O'Reilly
    Call number: PIK M 033-14-0214
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XXII, 407 S.
    Edition: 2. ed., [Nachdr.]
    ISBN: 9781565922259
    Series Statement: UNIX power tools
    Language: English
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
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  • 12
    Call number: ZSP-202-331
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - An overview of the model structure and operation. - Operation of subroutines. - TSTART. - FOMO. - REAWEA. - SEARCH. - STEMP. - TUNPIC. - Development history of the simulator. - The simulation of snow fence effects. - Urbanization and meltout. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Mathematical notation. - Appendix B: Computerprogram. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: An annual snow-soil simulator for Arctic tundra was developed using coupled models of surface equilibrium temperature and substrate thermal diffusion. Snow ripening, melt and accumulation are modeled in the simulator which is forced with daily weather data. The simulator predicts that a snow fence array capable of producing drift deeper than 4.2 meters will initiate a permanent snowfield at Barrow, Alaska. Such a man-induced snowfield could serve as a reliable source of fresh water for Barrow and similar villages in the North Slope region of Alaska. Further analysis indicated that albedo reduction due to dust fall, snow removal, etc., is dominant over aerodynamic effects in producing the early spring meltout observed at Barrow Village.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 18 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 331
    Language: English
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  • 13
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, N.H. : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-350
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 350
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 27 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 350
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Sample preparation. - Apparatus and testing procedure. - Test results. - Uniaxial strength. - Initial tangent and 50% strength moduli. - Specific energy. - Discussion. - Testing method. - Compressive strength. - Tensile strength. - Ductile and brittle fracture.. - Initial tangent and 50% stress moduli. - Specific energy. - Conclusions and recommendations. - References. - Appendix A: Description of soil and calculations. - Appendix B: Description of the LVDT and averaging circuits. - Appendix C: Determination of strain in the neck section of a dumbbell specimen.
    Location: AWI Archive
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  • 14
    Call number: ZSP-202-338
    In: Detecting structural heat losses with mobile infrared thermography / R.H. Munis, S.J. Marshall and M.A. Bush, Part II
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command, 338
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Discussion of heat loss survey of six housing units. - Survey of base facilities. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: During the winter of 1973-74 a mobile infrared thermography system was used to survey housing units and base facilities at Pease Air Force Base, Portsmouth, New Hampshire. This report provides both qualitative and quantitative evidence regarding heat flow out of the eave vents of these housing units. Calculations indicate that a significant amount of heat is being lost in this manner due to inadequate attic (cap) insulation. Possible evidence of incomplete ventilation could explain the presence of condensation in the housing units. Analyses of thermograms are presented to show the possible existence of low and high pressure areas around a structure and how they relate to heat loss.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 29 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 338
    Language: English
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  • 15
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Innsbruck : Univ.-Verl. Wagner ; Nachgewiesen 2.1979 -
    Call number: ZSP-387
    Language: English
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 16
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washinton, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1181-M,N)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: Getr. Zählung + 3 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1181-M,N
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 17
    Call number: SR 90.0001(948-D)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: III S., S. 83-101 + 6 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 948-D
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 18
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1071-I)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IV S., S. 341-396, III S. + 3 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1071-I
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 19
    Call number: MOP Per 283(430)
    In: Trudy
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 162 S.
    Series Statement: Trudy / Glavnaja Geofiziceskaja Observatorija Imeni A. I. Voejkova 430
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 20
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Warszawa : Polish Scient. Publ.
    Call number: PIK N 456-11-0194
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: 1. Climatology as a science ; 2. Climate-forming factors ; 3. Geographical distribution and variation of major meteorological elements ; 4. A brief survey of major types of climate ; 5. Changes and fluctuations of climates
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIV, 422 S. : graph. Darst., 1 Kt.
    Uniform Title: Klimatologia ogólna
    Language: English
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
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  • 21
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Jerusalem : Israel Program for Scientific Transl.
    Call number: MOP 35099
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 209 S. : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Uniform Title: Gazovyj Sostav atmosfery zemli i metody ego analiza
    Language: English
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 22
    Call number: MOP 44357 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 227 S.
    Series Statement: Problemy Konstruktivnoj Geografii
    Language: Russian
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 23
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat
    Call number: MOP 45412 / Mitte ; MOP B 17056
    Description / Table of Contents: The history of climate by A. S. Monin, Yu. A. Shishkov presents the history of the earth's climate from the contemporary positions of the general history of our planet based on the latest achievements in the field of planetology, geology, geophysics, oceanology, meteorology and climatology. The book deals with the factors responsible for climate formation on the earth, presents the major stages of the earth's history, the results of the most recent paleogeographic reconstructions. Further the book presents the history of climate proper from Pre-Cambrian to the recent time in increasing detail. The methods used for paleoclimatic reconstructions are described. Data on Pre-Cambrian glaciations and the major Fanerozoic climatological events are discussed. The book is meant, first of all, for the inquisitive reader, however, it will undoubtedly be of interest for the specialists climatologists, meteorologists, oceanographers and geophysicists.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 407, [1] S. , graph. Darst., Ill.
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 24
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Boulder, Colo. : Environmental Research Laboratories
    Call number: MOP 41125 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VIII, 499 Seiten
    Language: English
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 25
    Call number: AWI G7-90-0312 ; MOP 44730 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 63 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Location: MOP - must be ordered
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  • 26
    Call number: AWI E2-13-0068-2
    In: Materialy nabljudenij naučno-issledovatel'skich drejfujuščich stancij "Severnyj Poljus-6", "Severnyj Poljus-7" 1957/58 goda, Tom 2
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 653 Seiten
    Series Statement: Materialy nabljudenij naučno-issledovatel'skich drejfujuščich stancij "Severnyj Poljus-6", "Severnyj Poljus-7" 1957/58 goda 2
    Language: Russian
    Note: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ = Soderžanie = Contents: Предисловие = Predislovie = Foreword. - Метеорология = Meteorologija = Meteorology. - Метеорологические наблюдения = Meteorologičeskie nabljudenija = Meteorological observations. - Таблицы = Tablicy = Tables. - Актинометрия = Aktinometrija = Actinometry. - Актинометрические наблюдения = Aktinometričeskie nabljudenija = Actinometric observations. - Некоторые результаты наблюдений = Nekotorye rezul'taty nabljudenij = Some results of observations. - Таблицы = Tablicy = Tables. - , In kyrillischer Schrift
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  • 27
    Call number: AWI E2-13-0068-4
    In: Materialy nabljudenij naučno-issledovatel'skich drejfujuščich stancij "Severnyj Poljus-6", "Severnyj Poljus-7" 1957/58 goda, Tom 4
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 607 Seiten
    Series Statement: Materialy nabljudenij naučno-issledovatel'skich drejfujuščich stancij "Severnyj Poljus-6", "Severnyj Poljus-7" 1957/58 goda 4
    Language: Russian
    Note: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ = Soderžanie = Contents: Предисловие = Predislovie = Foreword. - Геофизина = Geofizika = Geophysics. - Ионосферные наблюдения = Ionosfernye nabljudenija = Ionospheric observations. - Таблица. Ионосферные данные = Tablica. Ionosfernye dannye = Table. Ionospheric data. - Магнитные наблюдения = Magnitnye nabljudenija = Magnetic observations. - Таблица 1. Ежечасные значения магнитных элементов D, Н, Z = Tablica 1. Ežečasnye značenija magnitnych ėlementov D, H, Z = Table 1. Hourly values of the magnetic elements D, H, Z. - Таблица 2. Ежечасные значения амплитуд горизонтальной составляющей rγH = Tablica 2. Ežečasnye značenija amplitud gorizontal'noj sostavljajuščej rγH = Table 2. Hourly values of amplitudes of the horizontal component rγH. - Таблица 3. Наблюденные значения магнитных элементов D, Н, Z = Tablica 3. Nabljudennye značenija magnitnych ėlementov D, H, Z = Table 3. Observed values of the magnetic elements D, H, Z. , In kyrillischer Schrift
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  • 28
    Call number: AWI E2-13-0068-3
    In: Materialy nabljudenij naučno-issledovatel'skich drejfujuščich stancij "Severnyj Poljus-6", "Severnyj Poljus-7" 1957/58 goda, Tom 3
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 670 Seiten
    Series Statement: Materialy nabljudenij naučno-issledovatel'skich drejfujuščich stancij "Severnyj Poljus-6", "Severnyj Poljus-7" 1957/58 goda 3
    Language: Russian
    Note: СОДЕРЖАНИЕ = Soderžanie = Table of Contents. - Предисловие = Predislovie = Foreword. - Аэрология = Aėrologija = Aerology. - Методика и результаты аэрологических наблюдений = Metodika i rezul'taty aėrologičeskich nabljudenij = Method and results of upper-air observations. - Таблица 1. Географические координаты станций = Tablica 1. Geografičeskie koordinaty stancij = Table 1. Geographical coordinates of stations. - Таблица 2. Среднее месячное давление = Tablica 2. Srednee Mesjačnoe davlenie = Table 2. Average monthly pressure. - Таблица 3. Средняя месячная высота и температура изобарических поверхностей = Tablica 3. Srednjaja mesjačnaja vysota i temperatura izobaričeskich poverchnostej = Table 3. Average monthly height and temperature of isobaric surfaces. - Таблица 4. Средняя месячная плотность воздуха = Tablica 4. Srednjaja mesjačnaja plotnost' vozducha = Table 4. Average monthly air density. - Таблица 5. Средняя месячная температура = Tablica 5. Srednjaja mesjačnaja temperatura = Table 5. Average monthly temperature. - Таблица 6. Максимальная температура = Tablica 6. Maksimal'naja temperatura = Table 6. Maximum temperature. - Таблица 7. Минимальная температура = Tablica 7. Minimal'naja temperatura = Table 7. The minimum temperature. - Таблица 8. Средняя высота изотермических поверхностей = Tablica 8. Srednjaja vysota izotermičeskich poverchnostej = Table 8. The average height of isothermal surfaces. - Таблица 9. Повторяемость высоты нижней границы инверсий и изотермий и числа дней с инверсиями и изотермиями = Tablica 9. Povtorjaemost' vysoty nižnej granicy inversij i izotermij i čisla s inversijami i izotermijami = Table 9. Repeatability of the height of the lower boundary of inversions and isotherms and the number of days with inversions and isotherms Таблица 10. Средняя мощность инверсий и изотермий = Tablica 10. Srednjaja moščnost' inversij i izotermij = Table 10. The average power of inversions and isotherms. - Таблица 11. Средняя интенсивность инверсий и изотермий = Tablica 11. Srednaja intensivnost' inversij i izotermij = Table 11. The average intensity of inversions and isotherms. - Таблица 12. Средняя высота и температура нижней границы тропопаузы = Tablica 12. Srednjaja vysota i temperatura nižnej granicy tropopauzy = Table 12. The average height and temperature of the lower border of the tropopause. - Таблица 13. Повторяемость высоты нижней границы тропопаузы = Tablica 13. Povtorjaemost' vysoty nižnej granicy tropopauzy = Table 13. Repeatability of the height of the lower tropopause border. - Таблица 14. Повторяемость температуры нижней границы тропопаузы = Tablica 14. Povtorjaemost' temperatury nižnej granicy tropopauzy =Table 14. Repeatability of temperature of the lower tropopause border. - Таблица 15. Средняя месячнан относительная влажность = Tablica 15. Srednjaja mesjačnan otnositel'naja vlažnost' = Table 15. Average monthly relative humidity. - Таблица 16. Средняя месячная удельная влажность = Tablica 16. Srednjaja mesjačnaja udel'naja vlažnost' = Table 16. Average monthly specific humidity. - Таблица 17. Средняя высота нижней границы облаков = Tablica 17. Srednaja vysota nižnej granicy oblakov = Table 17. The average height of the lower boundary of the clouds. - Таблица 18. Средняя месячная скорость ветра = Tablica 18. Srednjaja mesjačnaja skorost' vetra = Table 18. Average monthly wind speed. - Таблица 19. Максимальная скорость ветра = Tablica 19. Maksimal'naja skorost' vetra = Table 19. Maximum wind speed. - Таблица 20. Повторяемость направления ветра = Tablica 20. Povtorjaemost' napravlenija vetra = Table 20. Wind direction repeatability. - Таблица 21. Результаты температурно-ветрового зондирования атмосферы = Tablica 21. Rezul'taty temperaturno-vetrovogo zondirovanija atmosfery = Table 21. Results of temperature-wind sounding of the atmosphere. - , In kyrillischer Schrift
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  • 29
    Monograph available for loan
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    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP 25606(1959-1961)
    In: Sovetskie ėkspedicii v Antarktiku
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 147 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 30
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP 25606(1958-1960)
    In: Sovetskie ėkspedicii v Antarktiku
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 105 S. + 1 Faltkt.
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 31
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    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-342
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Experimental procedure. - Results. - Work-hardening effect. - Strain rate sensitivity of flow stress. - Discussion. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Single crystals of high purity ice deformed by uniaxial compression on an Instron machine showed remarkable work-hardening after about 8% strain. By changing the strain rate during compression tests in the plastic region of the stress-strain curve, an apparent activation volume V* and a dislocation mobility exponent m were calculated from the strain rate sensitivity of flow stress. The large work-hardening and the rapid increase in the value of m beyond about 10% strain indicate that the plastic flow in this region is controlled by dislocation intersections and nonconservative motion of jogs.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 11 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 342
    Language: English
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  • 32
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    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory,
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-329
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: General Introduction. - Part I. Spatial and temporal variations in sea ice deformatfon. - Introduction. - Approach. - Site location and data collection procedures. - Data analysis. - Strain results. - Comparison of mesoscale deformation with macroscale deformation. - Nature of the ice pack rotation. - Conciusion. - Literature cited. - Part Il. Comparison of mesoscale strain measurements with linear drift theory predictions. - Introduction. - List of symbols. - Linear drift equations. - Ice drift solutions. - Comparison of theory with mesoscale measurements. - A more general linear constitutive law. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix Relative magnitudes of differential drift forces. - Abstract.
    Description / Table of Contents: Measurements of mesoscale sea ice deformation over a region approximately 20 km in diameter were made over a five-week period in the spring of 1972 at the main AIDJEX camp in the Beaufort Sea. They have been analyzed to determine nonlinearities in the ice velocity field (due to the discrete small-scale nature of the ice pack), as well as a continuum mode of deformation represented by a least squares strain rate tensor and vorticity. The deformation rate time series between Julian day 88 and 113 exhibited net areal changes as large as 3% and deformation rates up to 0.16% per hour. In the principal axis coordinate system, the strain rate typically exhibited a much larger compression (or extension) along one axis than along the other. Persistent cycles at ~12-hour wavelengths were observed in the divergence rate. A comparison of the average residual error with the average strain rate magnitude indicated that strains measured on a scale of 10 km or greater can serve as a valid measure of the continuum motion of the sea ice. This conclusion is also substantiated by a comparison between the mesoscale deformation, and macroscale deformation measured over a ~100-km-diameter region. Vorticity calculations indicate that at low temporal frequencies ( 〈 0.04 hr^-1 ) the whole mesoscale array rotates essentially as an entity and consequently the low frequency vorticity can accurately be estimated from the rotation of a single floe. (Part I) A comparison of mesoscale strain measurements with the atmospheric pressure field and the wind velocity field indicated that the ice divergence rate and vorticity followed the local pressure and wind divergence with significant correlation. For low atmospheric pressures and converging winds, the divergence rate was negative with the vorticity being counterclockwise. The inverse behavior was observed for high pressures and diverging winds. This behavior agreed with predictions based upon the infinite boundary solution of a linearized drift theory in the absence of gradient current effects and using the constitutive law proposed by Glen for pack ice. The best least squares values of the constitutive law parameters [Eta] and [Zeta] were found to be given by ~10^12 kg sec^-1. Using typical divergence rates, these values yielded compressive stresses of the magnitude of 10^5 N m^-1, which are similar to values suggested by the Parmerter and Coon ridge model. In general, the infinite boundary solution of the linear drift equation indicates that in a low pressure region that is reasonably localized in space, the ice would be expected to converge for high compactness (winter) and diverge for low compactness (summer). Calculations were also carried out using a more general linear viscoelastic constitutive law that includes memory effects and that includes a generalized Hooke's law as well as the Glen law as special cases. A best fit of this more general calculation with strain measurements indicates, overall, a better agreement with viscous behavior than with elastic behavior, with the frequency behavior of the estimated "viscosities" similar to the Glen law behavior at temporal frequencies less than ~0.01 hr^-1 (Part II)
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 37 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 329
    Language: English
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  • 33
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    Hanover, N.H. : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-349
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 349
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Test locations. - Post Pond. - Mascoma Lake. - Winter freeze-up. - Ice cover properties. - Stratigraphy. - Microstructure. - Porosity. - Impurity content. - Flexural strength. - Test sites. - Beam test procedure. - Beam dimensions. - Beam temperatures. - Beam strengths. - Results. - Post Pond, Site PB, 12 February 1974. - Post Pond, Site PC, 21 February 1974. - Mascoma Lake, Site MD, 25 February 1974. - Mascoma Lake, Site MD, 26 February 1974. - Mascoma Lake, Site MD, 1 March 1974. - Post Pond, Site PA, 4 March 1974. - Post Pond, Site PA, 7 March 1974. - Post Pond, Site PA, 8 March 1974. - Post Pond, Site PB, 12 March 1974. - Post Pond, Midway between Sites PB and PC, 15 March 1974. - Post Pond, Midway between Sites PA and PB, 26 March 1974. - Post Pond, Midway between Sites PA and PB, 29 March 1974. - Post Pond, Midway between Sites PA and PB, 3 April 1974. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: In-place cantilever beam tests on Post Pond and Mascoma Lake ice yielded a maximum flexural strength of 7.1 kg/cm^2. The minimum strength, unrelated to failure along pre-existing cracks in the ice, was 2.9 kg/cm^2. The majority of tests were performed in the push-down mode after it was discovered that beams tested in the pull-up mode, which places the bottom surface in tension, frequently broke prematurely along cracks in the bottom of the ice. Premature failures of this kind usually occurred at stresses of 2-3 kg/cm^2. Data further demonstrate that the intrinsic strength of lake ice decreases significantly as the surface air temperature goes to 0°C. Ice that has just become isothermal, but has not yet begun to candle, has a strength of about 4 kg/cm^2; ice that has been subjected to prolonged periods of above-freezing air temperatures generally fails at about 3 kg/cm^2. Tests also show that cold unrecrystallized snow-ice is as strong as the underlying lake ice. Tests of the effect of crystalline structure indicate that ice composed of crystals with their c-axes horizontal is measurably stronger than ice in which the crystals are oriented with their c-axes vertical.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 28 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 349
    Language: English
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    Call number: ZSP-202-343
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Experimental procedure. - Experimental and theoretical equations. - Results and discussion. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Simultaneous laser extinction measurements were made in warm fog at wavelengths of 0.6238, 1.15 and 10.6 [Mu]. The warm fog was generated in a 4-m^3 environmental chamber. Particle sampling was carried out simultaneously with the laser measurements using an impactor. Using the same size distribution in each case the theoretical extinction coefficients were calculated and compared with the experimental coefficients. Results obtained during this experiment and aprevious one indicate that propagation at 1.15 [Mu] is adversely affected by the presence of atmospheric water vapor. Experimental data obtained simultaneously at 0.6328 and 10.6 [Mu] indicate that virtually no difference exists between the extinction coefficients at these two wavelengths for moderate particle concentrations while at much larger concentrations [Alpha]0.6328 increases indefinitely while [Alpha]10.6 levels off at 0.2.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 7 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 343
    Language: English
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-345
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 345
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - List of symbols. - Introduction. - Previous work. - Experimental design. - The radioisotope 22Na. - Description of apparatus. - Experimental procedure. - Correction of profiles. - Assumptions. - Decay correction. - Boundary correction. - Error analysis. - Results. - Salinity data. - Temperature data. - Growth velocity. - Discussion. - Brine and ice properties. - Brine salinity. - Brine density. - Brine volume. - Brine latent heat of freezing. - Brine viscosity, specific heat, and thermal conductivity. - Ice properties. - Theoretical brine expulsion model. - Continuity equations. - Thermal energy equation. - Simplified brine expulsion equations. - Brine expulsion in NaCl ice. - Results. - Discussion. - Gravity drainage in NaCl ice. - Application of results to natural sea ice. - Effective distribution coefficient. - Previous work. - Experimental procedure and results. - Conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A: Profile correction data. - Appendix B: Program "correct" and sample output. - Appendix C: Tabulation of salinity data. - Appendix D: Tabulation of profile data. - Appendix E: Time-ice thickness equations (Runs 2 and 3). - Appendix F: Tabulation of distribution coefficient data.
    Description / Table of Contents: To obtain a better understanding of the desalination of natural sea ice, an experimental technique was developed to measure sequential salinity profiles of a growing sodium chloride ice sheet. Using radioactive 22Na as a tracer, it was possible to determine both the concentration and movement of the brine within the ice without destroying the sample. A detailed temperature and growth history of the ice was also maintained so that the variation of the salinity profiles could be properly interpreted. Since the experimental salinity profile represented a smoothed, rather than a true salinity distribution, a deconvolution method was devised to restore the true salinity profile. This was achieved without any significant loss of end points. In all respects, the salinity profiles are similar to those of natural sea ice. They have a characteristic C-shape, and clearly exhibit the effects of brine drainage. Not knowing the rates of brine expulsion or gravity drainage, the variation of the salinity profiles during the period of ice growth could be explained by either process. To determine the relative importance of the desalination mechanisms, a theoretical brine expulsion model was derived and compared to the experimental data. As input for the model, equations describing the variation of some properties of NaCl brine with temperature were derived. These included the brine salinity, viscosity, specific heat, thermal conductivity, and latent heat of freezing. The theoretical brine expulsion model was derived by performing mass and energy balances over a control volume of NaCl ice. A simplified form of the model, when compared to the experimental results, indicated that brine expulsion was only important during the first several hours of ice growth, and later became a minor desalination process relative to gravity drainage which continued to be the dominant mechanism for the remainder of the study period (up to 6 weeks). The rate of gravity drainage was found to be dependent on the brine volume and the temperature gradient of the ice. As either the brine volume or temperature gradient was increased, the rate of change of salinity due to gravity drainage increased. The equation commonly used to calculate the effective distribution coefficient (Weeks and Lofgren 1967) was modified and improved by taking brine drainage into account. An expression was also derived to give the distribution coefficient at very low growth velocities.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vii, 85 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 345
    Language: English
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  • 36
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    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-341
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Samples. - Collection. - Preparation. - Analytical methods. - Cations. - Lead, silicon and aluminum. - Sulfate. - Comparative analyses. - Results and discussion. - Sea salt and terrestrial dust. - Sulfate. - Lead. - Summary and conclusions. - Literature cited. - Appendix A. Concentrations of chemical constituents in Dye 3 snow and ice strata.
    Description / Table of Contents: Concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, silicon, aluminum, lead and sulfate were measured in surface snow and in individual annual accumulation layers from a 373-m-deep ice core from Dye 3, Greenland, covering the time period from 1232 to 1971 A.D. Average background (pre-1840) concentrations in micrograms/liter are: Na, 12.9 ± 9.3; K, 2.2 ± 2.1; Mg, 1.5 ± 1.0; Ca, 4.8 ± 2.4; Si, 12 ± 6; Al, 3.3 ± 1.4; Pb, 0.07 ± 0.06; and SO4, 56 ± 22. Deviations are due mainly to the variability of the concentrations in the samples deposited over the stated time interval rather than analytical precision. Observed concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, silicon and aluminum can be adequately explained by relative abundances of these elements in seawater andterrestrial dust. Late 19th century annual ice layers contain twice as much sulfate as pre-1840 deposits, reflecting the increased use of fossil fuels in the Northern Hemisphere. Lead concentrations in post-1955 snow deposits are more than an order of magnitude greater than pre-1840 baseline concentrations and are attributed to smelting and the increased use of lead alkyls in gasoline.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 18 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 341
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    Call number: ZSP-202-337
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Introduction. - Surface ice observations. - Imagery interpretation. - Side-looking airborne radar. - Infrared. - Conclusions. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Ice conditions during mid-January 1974 in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and in the estuaty as far upstream as Rimouski are described utilitizing side-looking airborne radar, infrared and photographic imagery. The interpretations were verified by simultaneous surface observations on the ice by investigators operating from the CSS Dawson. The ice examined was undergoing rapid drift and deformation and showed a wide variety of thin ice (0-40 cm) features formed under the influence of strong winds and currents. These observations should serve as a guide in interpreting ice conditions in similar areas where ground truth data are not available.
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    Pages: 41 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 337
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  • 38
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    Monograph available for loan
    Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat
    Call number: MOP 45793 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 263 S. : Ill.
    Language: Russian
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  • 39
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    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(910-C)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: VI S., S. 147-272, II S. + 1 pl
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 910-C
    Language: English
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    Call number: SR. 90.0001(899-B)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    In: Geologic structure and occurrence of gas in part of southwestern New York
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: III S., S. 69-93, III S.
    Series Statement: 899-B
    Language: English
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  • 41
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    Monograph available for loan
    Montreal [u.a.] : McGill-Queen's Univ. Press
    Call number: PIK N 630-11-0268 ; AWI Bio-17-17112
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XVIII, 361 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 0773512411
    Language: English
    Note: Contents: Figures. - Tables. - Preface. - Illustrations. - 1. Introduction. - 1.1 Background. - 1.2 Scope of the text. - 1.3 World vegetation types. - 1.3.1 Vegetation formations and zones. - 1.3.2 Zonobiomes. - 1.3.3 Exoclimates. - 1.3.4 The Canadian vegetation classification system. - 1.3.5 Ecozones. - 1.3.6 Floristic realms. - 1.3.7 Plant species nomenclature. - 1.4 Soil classification and soil systems. - 1.5 Climatic parameters. - 1.5.1 The role of climate. - 1.5.2 Moisture indices. - 1.5.3 Climate diagrams. - 1.6 Plant strategies. - 1.6.1 Competition. - 1.6.2 Hydrature and moisture regulation. - 1.6.3 Life forms. - 1.6.4 Leaf morphology and adaptation. - 1.7 Biomass and net primary productivity. - 2. Tundra 2.1 Tundra distribution. - 2.2 Climate. - 2.3 Soils. - 2.4 Tundra in North America. - 2.4.1 Ecoclimatic sub-provinces and regions. - 2.4.2 High and mid-Arctic. - 2.4.3 Low Arctic. - 2.5 Tundra in other Northern Hemisphere locations. - 2.5.1 Arctic Tundra. - 2.5.2 Typical Tundra. - 2.5.3 Southern Tundra. - 2.5.4 Tundra on Arctic Islands. - 2.6 Tundea in the Southern Hemisphere. - 2.6.1 The Antarctic Subregion. - 2.6.2 The Sub-Antarctic Subregion. - 2.7 Alpine Tundra. - 2.7.1 Temperate-latitude alpine Tundra. - 2.7.2 Low-latitude (equatorial) alpine Tundra. - 2.8 Primary production and phytomass in Tundra. - 3. Forest-Tundra or Boreal-Tundra Ecotone. - 3.1 Definitions. - 3.2 Distribution. - 3.3 Climate. - 3.4 Soils. - 3.5 Forest-Tundra in Canada. - 3.5.1 Ecoclimatic sub-provinces. - 3.5.2 The shrub subzone (Northern Forest-Tundra). - 3.5.3 The forest subzone (Southern Forest Tundra). - 3.6 Eurasian Forest-Tundra. - 3.7 Primary production and phytomass in forest-Tundra. - 4. Boreal Forest (Taiga) and Mixed Forest Transition. - 4.1 Distribution. - 4.2 Climate. - 4.3 Soils. - 4.4 Boreal forest in North America. - 4.4.1 Open Lichen Woodland. - 4.4.2 Northern Coniferous Forest. - 4.4.3 Mixed-Forest (Boreal-Broadleaf ecotone). - 4.4.4 Mixed-Forest transition to grassland (Northern Mixedwoods). - 4.5 Eurasian Boreal. - 4.5.1 The European Boreal. - 4.5.2 The Siberian Boreal. - 4.5.3 Northwest Pacific Fringe Boreal. - 4.6 Primary production and phytomass in boreal forest. - 5. Prairie (Steppe). - 5.1 Distribution. - 5.2 Climate. - 5.2.1 North America. - 5.2.2 Climate in Eurasia and elsewhere. - 5.3 Soils. - 5.4 Prairie in North America. - 5.4.1 The Canadian Prairie. - 5.4.2 Prairie in the USA. - 5.5. Eurasian Steppe. - 5.6 Southern Hemisphere Grasslands. - 5.6.1 The High Veldt. - 5.6.2 The Pampas/Campos Grasslands. - 5.7 Primary production and biomass. - 6. Cordilleran Environments in Western North America. - 6.1 Canada's Cordilleran ecoclimatic provinces. - 6.1.1 Distribution. - 6.1.2 Climate. - 6.1.3 Soils. - 6.1.4 Pacific Coastal Mesothermal Forest. - 6.1.5 Pacific Coastal Subalpine Forest. - 6.1.6 Cordilleran Forest Region. - 6.1.7 Cordilleran Cold Steppe and Savanna Forst. - 6.1.8 Canadian Cordilleran Subalpine Forest. - 6.1.9 Alpine Tundra and Boreal Forest. - 6.2 The Cordilleran Region in the USA. - 6.2.1 Distribution. - 6.2.2 Northwest Coast Conifer-Hardwood Forests. - 6.2.3 Montane Pine Forests. - 6.2.4 Sagebrush and Grasslands. - 6.2.5 Interior Hemlock-Douglas-Fir-Larch. - 6.2.6 Subalpine Forest. - 6.3 Primary Production and Phytomass. - 7. Temperate Deciduous Forests. - 7.1 Distribution. - 7.2 Climate. - 7.3 Soils. - 7.4 Temperate Deciduous Forest in North America. - 7.4.1 Canada. - 7.4.2 United States of America. - 7.4.3 Southern Mexico and South America. - 7.5 Europe. - 7.5.1 Atlantic Deciduous Forest. - 7.5.2 Central European Deciduous Forest. - 7.5.3 East European Deciduous Forest. - 7.6 Asia. - 7.7 Southern Hemisphere. - 7.8 Primary Production and Phytomass. - 8. Wetlands. - 8.1 Introduction. - 8.2 Climate. - 8.3 Soils. - 8.4 Canadian Wetland Classification. - 8.4.1 Canadian Wetland Classification System. - 8.4.2 Wetland classes. - 8.4.3 Wetland forms and types. - 8.5 Canadian Wetlands. - 8.5.1 Arctic Wetlands. - 8.5.2 Subarctic Wetlands. - 8.5.3 Boreal Wetlands. - 8.5.4 Prairie Wetlands. - 8.5.5 Temperate Wetlands. - 8.5.6 Oceanic Wetlands. - 8.5.7 Mountain Wetlands. - 8.6 Wetlands in the USA. - 8.7 Eurasian Wetlands. - 8.7.1 European Wetlands. - 8.7.2 Asian Wetlands. - 8.8 Central and South American Wetlands. - 8.9 African Wetlands. - 8.10 Austromalesian and Pacific Wetlands. - 8.11 Phytomass and Primary Production. - 9. Conclusion. - Appendix: Biomials and their local names as used in the text. - Bibliography. - Index.
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  • 42
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Moskva : Mosk. Otd. Gidrometeoizdata
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP Per 759(44)
    In: Trudy VNIIGMI MCD
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 55 S.
    Series Statement: Trudy VNIIGMI MCD 44
    Language: Russian
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  • 43
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Moskva : Akad.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-697-92-0615
    In: Rezul'taty issledovanij po meždunarodnym geofizičeskim proektam
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 239 S. : Kt.
    Series Statement: Rezul'taty issledovanij po meždunarodnym geofizičeskim proektam
    Language: Russian
    Note: Contents: Preface. - Chapter 1. Glaciation of the earth and problems connected with it. - Chapter 2. Glaciation of the Urals. - Chapter 3. Glaciation of Scandinavia. - Chapter 4. Glaciation of the Pacific Arctic and Subarctic. - Chapter 5. Glaciation of the Arctic Islands: the Eurasian Arctic. - Chapter 6. Glaciation of the Arctic Islands: the Cannadian Arctic. - Chapter 7. Glaciation of Greenland. - Chapter 8. Arctic Ocean. - Chapter 9. Present-day glacio-climatic conditions in the North Polar area and their variations during historical time. - Chapter 10. History of Cenozoic glaciation. - Chapter 11. Causes of glaciation. - Conclusion. - Summary. - References. - Geographical Index. , In kyrill. Schr. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache.
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  • 44
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat
    Call number: AWI A4-77-0560
    Description / Table of Contents: In the monograph the author sets forth some features of the Southern Hemisphere stratosphere in every year season. It is done on the grounds of the average monthly baric topography Southern Hemisphere charts for 30 mb and also on the grounds of the daily radiosonding by some polar stations. Some urgent problems are examined in this work, they are the possibilities and character of the origin stratospheric rising in temperature, vertical power of the cold polar invasions in the middle latitudes, the pecularities of the spring and autumn field temperature changes and the polar region geopotential, the velopause topography over the polar region and some other problems. Differences in the stratospheric field temperature structure and the geopotential in the polar region of the northern and southern hemisphere are presented in the conclusion. In the first place the monograph is of interest to specialists in meteorology dealing with the atmospheric general circulation, weather forecasters - practical workers, geographers, geophysicists and students-meteorologists. It can also be of interest to specialists concerning with the atmospheric earth structure.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 110 S. : Ill.
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 45
    Call number: ZSP-202-344
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Approach and methods. - Results. - Lake morphology. - Elongation. - Orientation. - Percentage cover (density). - Lake classification. - L1 unit. - L2 unit. - L3 unit. - L4 unit. - L5 and Lu units. - Other units. - Lake basin depths. - Ice volume and basin genesis. - Geological implications. - Conclusions. - Selected bibliography.
    Description / Table of Contents: The lakes of the Arctic Coastal Plain of northern Alaska were classified, based on size, shape, orientation and distribution, into six lake units and three nonlake units. Regional slope and relief were demonstrated to control lake size, the largest lakes occurring on the flattest, northernmost segment of the Coastal Plain. Using ERTS-1 sequential imagery and existing photography and data, lakes were grouped according to three depth ranges, 〈 1 m, 1-2 m and 〉 2 m. Deepest lakes have the longest period of summer ice cover. Ice on shallow lakes melts the earliest. Maximum depths of lakes were computed based on ice volume content of the perennially frozen ground (permafrost) and these agreed with observed values and ranges. The lake classification and regional ERTS-1 coverage also appear to provide additional information on the limits of late-Pleistocene transgressions on the Coastal Plain.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 21 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 344
    Language: English
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  • 46
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Moskva : Gosudarstvennoe Izdat. Fiziko Matematičeskoj Literatury
    Call number: MOP 30650
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 503 S.
    Uniform Title: Physics of the upper atmosphere
    Language: Russian
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  • 47
    Call number: ZSP-202-348
    In: Detecting structural heat losses with mobile infrared thermography, Part III
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command, 348
    Description / Table of Contents: During the winter of 1973 - 74 a mobile infrared thermography system was used to survey the USA CRREL building at Hanover, New Hampshire. This report provides a description of excessive heat losses at several locations around the building. This report also discusses the need to carefully monitor meteorological conditions before starting a survey of a building exterior to determine if solar radiation decay from the building surface might interfere with thermographic analysis by masking the heat emanating from within the building.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: ii, 9 S. : Ill.
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 348
    Language: English
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  • 48
    Call number: ZSP-202-346
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 346
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - USA CRREL project and personnel involvement. - Part I. Introduction. - Background. - Literature review. - Part II. CRREL investigations from 1970 - 1974. - Initial literature survey (1970). - Oil detection kit development. - Survey of Cape Simpson, Alaska, natural crude oil seepages (1970). - Haines-Fairbanks military pipeline investigations (1971-1973). - Barrow investigations (1970-1974). - Fairbanks and Fox investigations. - Germination studies. - Physiological studies. - Dispersant studies. - Microbiological investigations. - Field investigations of accidental petroleum losses. - Part III. Recent related literature. - Part IV. Conclusions and recommendations. - USA CRREL reports, publications and presentations on Alaska oil spill research. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Knowledge concerning the biological effects of oil pollution on arctic and subarctic terrestrial ecosystems is limited. USA CRREL research personnel conducted investigations from 1970 through 1974 to expand information in this field. Objectives were to: 1) define the ecosystems most sensitive to the presence of crude oil or its refined products, 2) quantify and understand the injury response, and 3) establish time frames for manifestation of damage and natural restorative processes in arctic and subarctic regions. This was accomplished through: 1) surveys of natural oil seepages and past accidential spills in the Arctic and Subarctic, 2) initiation of controlled oil spills and 3) detailed laboratory investigations. Results demonstrated that terrestrial oil spills will to some degree be detrimental to both arctic and subarctic plant communities. Degree and longevity of damage will be influenced primarily by the magnitude of the spill, season of occurrence and existing soil moisture content. Rapid recovery of plant communities subjected to spills will occur only if root systems remain relatively unaffected. Damage will be more extensive and long-term when root systems are saturated with oil. Effects of damage will be manifested gradually over several seasons being influenced by winter stresses. Variation does exist in plant species susceptibility. Carex aquatilis, a predominant sedge of the arctic, is markedly resistant to crude oil damage. In the taiga Picea mariana is very susceptible. Plant recovery can be enhanced through the application of fertilizer. Fertilization, in addition to its direct effect on plant nutrition, will stimulate microbial decomposition of crude oil.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vii, 66 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 346
    Language: English
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  • 49
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(906-F)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IV S., S. 267-345, VI S.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 906-F
    Language: English
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  • 50
    Call number: K 96.0084/1-4
    In: Geologisk kort over Danmark
    Pages: 4 Spezialbl. + Erl.-H. (7 S.)
    ISBN: 8789813286
    Series Statement: Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse: DGU kortserie nr. 48
    Language: Danish
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  • 51
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1063-B)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IV S., S. 13-60 + 2 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1063-B
    Language: English
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  • 52
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1071-F)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: III S., S. 157-190 + 3 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1071-F
    Language: English
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  • 53
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Wellington : New Zealand Meteorological Service
    Associated volumes
    Call number: MOP Per 224(118)
    In: Miscellaneous publications
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 54 S., graph. Darst
    Series Statement: Miscellaneous publications / New Zealand Meteorological Service 118
    Language: English
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  • 54
    Call number: AWI A4-89-0036-1 ; AWI A4-78-0791-1 ; MOP 45231/A / Mitte
    In: Spravočnik po klimatu Antarktidy / pod red. I. M. Dolgina, Tom 1
    Description / Table of Contents: Contents: Foreword. - Geographical description of the Antarctic stations. - Solar radiation measurements in Antarctica. - Sunshine observations in Antarctica. - References. - Explanations to tables. - SECTION 1. SOLAR RADIATION AND NET RADIATION. - 1. Time of sunrise and sunset on the day dated the 15th. - 2. Sun's altitude at noon and at midnight on the day dated the 15th. - 3. Maximum Sun's altitude. - 4. Dates of the commencement and ending of the polar day and night. - 5. Mean monthly values of radiation fluxes. - 6. Mean monthly values of radiation fluxes with clear sky. - 7. Mean monthly values of total radiation fluxes with continuous total cloudiness. - 8. Mean monthly values of total radiation fluxes with continuous low cloudiness. - 9. Mean monthly values of net radiation with continuous total cloudiness. - 10. Mean monthly values of net radiation with continuous low cloudiness. - 11. Maximum values of radiation fluxes. - 12. Minimum values of radiation fluxes. - 13. Hourly and daily values of direct solar radiation at normal incidence. - 14. Hourly and daily values of direct solar radiation on a horizontal surface. - 15. Hourly and daily values of diffuse radiation. - 16. Hourly and daily values of total solar radiation. - 17. Hourly and daily values of net radiation. - 18. Extreme daily values of direct solar radiation at normal incidence. - 19. Extreme daily values of direct solar radiation on a horizontal surface. - 20. Extreme daily values of diffuse radiation. - 21. Extreme daily values of total solar radiation. - 22. Extreme daily values of net radiation. - 23. Frequency of daily values of direct solar radiation on a horizontal surface in ranges. - 24. Frequency of daily values of total solar radiation in ranges. - 25. Frequency of daily values of net radiation in ranges. - 26. Ten-day values of direct solar radiation at normal incidence. - 27. Ten-day values of direct solar radiation on a horizontal surface. - 28. Ten-day values of diffuse radiation. - 29. Ten-day values of total solar radiation. - 30. Ten-day values of absorbed radiation. - 31. Ten-day values of net radiation. - 32. Monthly and annual values of solar radiation and mean values of the surface albedo. - 33. Monthly and annual values of solar radiation with clear sky. - 34. Extreme monthly and annual values of direct solar radiation at normal incidence. - 35. Extreme monthly and annual values of direct solar radiation on a horizontal surface. - 36. Extreme monthly and annual values of diffuse radiation. - 37. Extreme monthly and annual values of total solar radiation. - 38. Extreme mean monthly and annual values of the surface albedo. - 39. Extreme values of the surface albedo. - 40. Extreme monthly and annual values of absorbed radiation. - 41. Extreme monthly and annual values of net radiation. - 42. Mean monthly values of radiation fluxes for the stations with short-period measurements. - 43.Mean monthly values of radiation fluxes for the period of anomalous decrease of the atmosphere transparency. - 44. Monthly and annual values of direct solar radiation at normal incidence. - 45. Monthly and annual values of direct solar radiation on a horizontal surface. - 46. Monthly and annual values of diffuse radiation. - 47. Monthly and annual values of total solar radiation. - 48. Mean monthly and annual values of the surface albedo. - 49. Monthly and annual values of absorbed radiation. - 50. Monthly and annual values of net radiation. - SECTION 2. SUNSHINE. - 51. Duration of sunshine. - 52. Mean duration of sunshine for the day with sunshine. - 53. Relative duration of sunshine. - 54. Number of days without sunshine. - 55. Diurnal variation of the duration of sunshine. - 56. Duration of sunshine: data for individual years. - 57. Mean sunshine duration for the day with sunshine: data for the individual years. - 58. Relative duration of sunshine: data for individual years. - 59. Number of days without sunshine: data for individual years. - Alphabetic index of stations (with the indication of the used period of observation). - List of meteorological stations ( in order of the mentioned data). - Meteorological stations location map.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 211 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Spravočnik po klimatu Antarktidy / pod red. I. M. Dolgina 1
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrillischer Schrift , Inhaltsverzeichnis in englischer Sprache (Seite 5-6)
    Location: AWI Reading room
    Location: AWI Reading room
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  • 55
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat
    Call number: MOP 40341 / Mitte
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 238 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Language: Russian
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  • 56
    Call number: MOP 44329 / Mitt
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 295 S.
    Language: Russian
    Note: In kyrill. Schr.
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  • 57
    Call number: ZSP-202-347
    In: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 347
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Introduction. - Experimental. - Results and discussion. - Applications. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemical analysis of century-old ice from continuous 5 to 7 year intervals of three ice cores from south and central Greenland (Dye 3, Milcent and Crete) show maximum concentrations of Na, Mg,Ca, K, and Al during early spring and minimum concentrations during late summer and early fall. Peak spring values are as much as 10 times greater than fall values. Because of the large seasonal chemical variations, samples used for depth-age or annual deposition rate studies must represent accumulation from exactly one year or whole multiples of a year. The seasonal chemical variations seem promising as a new method of defining annual layers and thus dating old ice cores.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 5 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory 347
    Language: English
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  • 58
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-340
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Nomenclature. - Introduction. - Theory. - Application. - Literature cited. - Appendix.
    Description / Table of Contents: The equations describing water movement in a dry snow cover are derived and examples of flow through ripe, refrozen and fresh snows are given. The grain size of snow has a large effect on the timing of water discharge. Water is retained by dry snow to raise its temperature and satisfy the irreducible water saturation. These requirements delay and reduce runoff following rain on dry snow.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 13 S. : graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 340
    Language: English
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  • 59
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-336
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - Nomenclature. - Introduction. - Description of study. - Sample preparation. - Test equipment and procedure. - Discussion of results. - Stress-density relationship. - Effect of rate of deformation. - Effect of temperature. - Effect of initial snow density. - Stress-deformation relationship. - Summary and conclusions. - Microstructural analysis. - Introduction. - Analytical methods. - Results and discussion. - Conclusion. - Literature cited. - Anpendix: Test data.
    Description / Table of Contents: The effects of snow temperature, rate of deformation, and initial density on the stress vs density and stress vs deformation relationships were investigated in the pressure range of 0.1 to 75 bars. The rate of deformation in the range of 0.027 to 27 cm sec^-1 does not have a significant effect. A decrease in temperature in the range of 0° to -40°C increases the resistance to stress and deformation, the temperature effect increasing with applied pressure and initial density. The effect of initial density is significant. For any stress, an increase in the initial density results in an increase in the resulting density, particularly at low stress levels and at temperatures near 0°C. The texture of artificially compacted snow is significantly different from that of naturally compacted snow of the same density because of the very short recrystallization time period.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 57 Seiten , Illustrations
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 336
    Language: English
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  • 60
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-333
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Preface. - Introduction. - Analogy method. - Method based on the bending theory of elastic plates and the criterion [Sigma]max = [Sigma]f. - Methods based on viscoelastic theories. - Methods based on the yield line theory or limit analysis. - Comparison of analytical and test results. - General remarks. - Effect of bending and shearing forces on deflection of an ice cover. - Determination of Pf(O). - Determination of Pf(t). - Determination of [Sigma]f. - Summary and recommendations. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: This report contains a critical survey of the literature on the bearing capacity of floating ice plates. It consists of a discussion of general questions, a critical survey of analytical attempts to determine the bearing capacity of floating ice plates, and a survey of field and laboratory tests on floating ice plates and their relation to the analytical results. The paper concludes with a systematic summary of the results, a discussion of observed shortcomings, and suggestions for needed investigations.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 43 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 333
    Language: English
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  • 61
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : Corps of Engineers, U.S. Army, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-202-334
    In: Research report
    Description / Table of Contents: CONTENTS: Abstract. - Preface. - List of symbols and associated dimensions. - Introduction and purpose. - Site characteristics. - Outline of study scheme. - Analysis. - Heat conduction to the drill hole. - Heat transfer between conduit wall and coolant. - Heat transfer between surface pipe and air. - Total heat extraction process. - Example calculations. - Estimate of basal water thickness and flow rates. - Summary of investigations of multiple-hole. - Literature cited.
    Description / Table of Contents: A scheme for cooling the lower portion of the edge of the Greenland ice sheet, which abuts a potential mining operation, is examined. The magnitude of cooling which may be accomplished by drilling a series of holes about the periphery of the mine site is determined as a function of hole size, spacing and time. Refrigeration is accomplished by pumping a coolant downhole in a central pipe, then uphole in an annulus between the pipe and hole wall, and then through a thin-walled pipe exposed to the surface climate above the ice sheet. It was found possible to achieve a temperature change in the ice of the order of -1°C with hole spacings and pumping requirements which are considered reasonable. Other effects are briefly examined and include an estimate of the basal water thickness and flow rates.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vii, 19 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: Research report / Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, CRREL, US Army Material Command 334
    Language: English
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  • 62
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    St-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse : Association Francaise du Genie Parasismique
    Call number: M 15.0048
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: Getr. Zähl. : graph. Darst, Kt.
    Uniform Title: Guide méthodologique pour la réalisation d'études de microzonage sismique
    Language: English
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  • 63
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Leningrad : Gidrometeoizdat
    Call number: MOP 28840
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 101 S. : zahlr. graph. Darst.
    Language: Russian
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  • 64
    Call number: K 96.0086/1-4
    In: Geologisk kort over Danmark
    Pages: 4 Spezialbl. + Erl.-H. (7 S.)
    ISBN: 8789813308
    Series Statement: Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse: DGU kortserie nr. 50
    Language: Danish
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  • 65
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Associated volumes
    Call number: K 96.0094/1-2
    In: Berggrundskartan
    Pages: 1 Kt., 1 Spezialbl.
    Series Statement: Sveriges Geologiska Undersökninng: SGU serie / Ai nr. 59
    Language: Swedish
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  • 66
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1081-F)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IV S., S. 189-260 + 1 pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1081-F
    Language: English
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  • 67
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Washington, DC : United States Gov. Print. Off.
    Associated volumes
    Call number: SR 90.0001(1081-G)
    In: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: IV S., S. 261-280 + 2. pl.
    Series Statement: U.S. Geological Survey bulletin 1081-G
    Language: English
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  • 68
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New York [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press
    Call number: M 97.0138
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 343 S.
    ISBN: 0195085418
    Classification:
    Historical Geology
    Language: English
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  • 69
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    New York [u.a.] : Wiley & Sons
    Call number: M 97.0185
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: ix, 618 S.
    Classification:
    Geography and Geomorphology
    Language: English
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  • 70
    Call number: M 97.0217
    In: Mintrop-Seminar
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 237 S.
    Series Statement: Mintrop-Seminar 17
    Classification:
    A.0.8.
    Language: English
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  • 71
    GFZ publications
    GFZ publications
    Potsdam : GeoForschungsZentrum
    Associated volumes
    Call number: 21/STR 97/08
    In: Scientific technical report
    Type of Medium: GFZ publications
    Series Statement: Scientific Technical Report / Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam 97/08
    Classification:
    Geodynamics
    Language: English
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  • 72
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
    Associated volumes
    Call number: 11/M 97.0211
    In: Developments in petrology
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: x, 531 S. + 1 Kt.-Beil.
    ISBN: 0444825185
    Series Statement: Developments in petrology 15
    Classification:
    Petrology, Petrography
    Language: English
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  • 73
    Call number: S 99.0044(112)
    In: Deutsche Geodätische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 127 S.
    ISBN: 3769681932
    Series Statement: Deutsche Geodätische Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften : Reihe A, Theoretische Geodäsie 112
    Language: English
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  • 74
    Call number: M 97.0241
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xvi, 551 S.
    ISBN: 0309049962
    Classification:
    Petrophysics
    Language: English
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  • 75
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Philadelphia, Pa. : Soc. for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
    Call number: M 97.0235
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: xvii, 408 S.
    ISBN: 0898713609
    Classification:
    C.1.8.
    Language: English
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  • 76
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    London : The Geological Society
    Associated volumes
    Call number: 9/M 97.0292
    In: Geological Society special publication
    Description / Table of Contents: This book provides a synthesis of Archaean and Proterozoic crustal evolution in the North Atlantic Region. There is particular reference to Proterozoic collisional tectonics. The main topics include: Archaean crustal growth; Proterozoic crustal growth; orogenic processes during the Proterozic; geochronology of Proterozoic tectono-thermal processes; and provenance of Proterozoic sediments.
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: VII, 386 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    ISBN: 1897799624
    Series Statement: Geological Society special publication 112
    Classification:
    Regional Geology
    Language: English
    Note: D. B. Snyder, S. B. Lucas, and J. H. McBride: Crustal and mantle reflectors from Palaeoproterozoic orogens and their relation to arc-continent collisions / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:1-23, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.01 --- H. R. Rollinson: Tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite magmatism and the genesis of Lewisian crust during the Archaean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:25-42, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.02 --- A. Vrevsky, R. Krimsky, and S. Svetov: Rare earth and isotopic (Nd, O) heterogeneity of the Archaean mantle, Baltic Shield / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:43-53, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.03 --- E. V. Bibikova, T. Skiöld, and S. V. Bogdanova: Age and geodynamic aspects of the oldest rocks in the Precambrian Belomorian Belt of the Baltic (Fennoscandian) Shield / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:55-67, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.04 --- S. V. Bogdanova: High-grade metamorphism of 2.45–2.4 Ga age in mafic intrusions of the Belomorian Belt in the northeastern Baltic Shield / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:69-90, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.05 --- Martin J. Van Kranendonk and Richard J. Wardle: Burwell domain of the Palaeoproterozoic Torngat Orogen, northeastern Canada: tilted cross-section of a magmatic are caught between a rock and a hard place / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:91-115, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.06 --- Toby Rivers, Flemming Mengel, David J. Scott, Lisa M. Campbell, and Normand Goulet: Torngat Orogen — a Palaeoproterozoic example of a narrow doubly vergent collisional orogen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:117-136, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.07 --- R. J. Wardle and M. J. Van Kranendonk: The Palaeoproterozoic Southeastern Churchill Province of Labrador-Quebec, Canada: orogenic development as a consequence of oblique collision and indentation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:137-153, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.08 --- Andrew Kerr, Bruce Ryan, Charles F. Gower, Richard J. Wardle, and Andrew Kerr: The Makkovik Province: extension of the Ketilidian Mobile Belt in mainland North America / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:155-177, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.09 --- B. Chadwick and A. A. Garde: Palaeoproterozoic oblique plate convergence in South Greenland: a reappraisal of the Ketilidian Orogen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:179-196, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.10 --- Charles F. Gower: The evolution of the Grenville Province in eastern Labrador, Canada / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:197-218, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.11 --- Ian C. Starmer: Accretion, rifting, rotation and collision in the North Atlantic supercontinent, 1700-950 Ma / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:219-248, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.12 --- A. Wikström, T. Skiöld, and B. Öhlander: The relationship between 1.88 Ga old magmatism and the Baltic-Bothnian shear zone in northern Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:249-259, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.13 --- J. N. Connelly and K-I. Åhäll: The Mesoproterozoic cratonization of Baltica — new age constraints from SW Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:261-273, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.14 --- J. F. Menuge and T. S. Brewer: Mesoproterozoic anorogenic magmatism in southern Norway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:275-295, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.15 --- J. N. Connelly, J. Berglund, and S. Å. Larson: Thermotectonic evolution of the Eastern Segment of southwestern Sweden: tectonic constraints from U-Pb geochronology / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:297-313, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.16 --- Laurence M. Page, Michael B. Stephens, and Carl-Henric Wahlgren: 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the tectonothermal evolution of the Eastern Segment of the Sveconorwegian Orogen, south-central Sweden / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:315-330, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.17 --- S. Mertanen, L. J. Pesonen, and H. Huhma: Palaeomagnetism and Sm-Nd ages of the Neoproterozoic diabase dykes in Laanila and Kautokeino, northern Fennoscandia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:331-358, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.18 --- Trevor F. Emmett: The provenance of pre-Scandian continental flakes within the Caledonide Orogen of south-central Norway / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:359-366, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.19 --- W. R. Fitches, N. J. G. Pearce, J. A. Evans, and R. J. Muir: Provenance of late Proterozoic Dalradian tillite clasts, Inner Hebrides, Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 112:367-377, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.112.01.20
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  • 77
    Monograph available for loan
    Monograph available for loan
    Berlin [u.a.] : Springer
    Call number: M 97.0290
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: XIV, 504 S.
    ISBN: 3540583785
    Series Statement: Texts and monographs in physics
    Classification:
    C.1.9.
    Language: English
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  • 78
    Call number: S 99.0121(61)
    In: Mitteilungen
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: XI, 164 S.
    ISBN: 3906513963
    Series Statement: Mitteilungen / Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie an der Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule Zürich 61
    Language: English
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  • 79
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/20
    In: CRREL Report, 78-20
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: Measurements of the concentrations of Aitken nuclei in maritime air were made near Barrow, Alaska, in June 1975 with a modified Nolan-Pollack small-particle detector. The concentrations varied from 50 to 300 particles cm^-3 depending upon meteorological conditions. The mean Aitken nuclei count was 100 particles cm^-3 for diameters greater than 2 x 10^-3 μm. Transmission electron micrographs of aerosols in maritime air near Barrow were taken. The size range was measured to be 0.01 to 2.5 μm in diameter with the most frequently observed diameter being 0.04 μm. The volume of the maritime air and the collection efficiency of aerosol particles on filmed grids for electron microscopy were measured. The aerosol concentrations were found to be 76 to 101 particles cm^-3 ; the mean concentration was calculated to be 87 particles cm^-3. The aerosol particles in the maritime air were identified by electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction analysis. About 20% of the aerosol particles were identified, and 80% of the particles were too small for electron diffraction analysis. Sea salt particles constituted 2% of the total, and clay minerals 3%; these particles were considered to be of natural origin. Solid combustion by-products such as coagulated carbon particles and fly ash particles constituted 16%. Despite the comparative remoteness of the sampling site, the measurements indicate that many anthropogenic aerosols were found using an electron microscope.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 48 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-20
    Language: English
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  • 80
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/19
    In: CRREL Report, 78-19
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 21 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-19
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Previous work Methods and results Methods of analysis Salinity-chlorophyll a associations Discussion Comparison of ice and water column standing crops Estimated mass of ice associated chl. a Mechanism of ice algae formation in the Weddell Sea Differences between the biological environments of fast and drifting pack ice Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A. Species variations - ice and water column
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  • 81
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/17
    In: CRREL Report, 78-17
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: This investigation utilized historical and recent aerial photographs and satellite imagery in 1) estimating changes in positions of the high-water line and sea cliff break and base, in rates of accretion and/or erosion, and in volumes of transported sediment, and 2) providing a preliminary evaluation of the direction of littoral transport along the outer Cape Cod coast. Using aerial photographs acquired in 1938, 1952, 1971 and 1974 with manual photointerpretation techniques, changes in the distances from selected reference points to the cliff break, cliff base and the high-water line were measured. LANDSAT-1 and -2 imagery acquired from 1 September 1972 to 28 May 1975 was evaluated for use in determining the directions of littoral transport that are active the predominant amount of time. Although the imagery has been very useful for this purpose at other locations, it proved to be useless along the outer shore of Cape Cod. Largest net migrations of the high water line from 1938 to 1974 occurred in the northern and southern portions of this coast. The northern maximum high water line was 321.4 ft, the southern was 1794.6 ft. The central portion of the coast was generally more stable with changes varying from 6.8 to 157.6 ft. Cliff-base recession rates varied from 0.4 to 7.3 ft/yr. Maximum estimated net volume of sediment deposited per linear foot of beach from 1938 to 1974 was 334 yd^3 (based on 2 yd^3/ft of recession or accretion); maximum eroded was 914 yd^3. Changes in the configuration of spits were used to evaluate directions of littoral transport since suspended sediment concentrations were generally not sufficient to act as natural tracers of surface currents. Based on the literature and a determination of the portion of the coast perpendicular to the direction of dominant wave approach, the location of the nodal zone for predominant littoral directions of drift probably shifts between the area near Spectacle Pond and North Truro Air Force Station. This investigation has illustrated a photo interpretation technique that is useful in performing a reconnaissance of coastal change. The data obtained from this method can be used to supplement those acquired by ground surveys and are valid as first approximations for planning subsequent, more detailed surveys.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vi, 49 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-17
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors: U.S. customary to metric units of measurement Introduction Background Previous investigations Analytical procedures Results and discussion Shoreline changes: High-water line Shoreline changes: Cliff recession Volumetric changes Nodal zone location and direction of littoral transport Error evaluation Summary and conclusions Future research Selected bibliography Appendix A: Maps of shoreline with overlays for 1938, 1952, 1971 and 1974 Appendix B: Supplementary data for estimating shoreline change
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  • 82
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/9
    In: CRREL Report, 78-9
    Description / Table of Contents: Large, simply supported beams of temperate lake ice were found, generally, to yield significantly higher flexural strengths than the same beams tested in the cantilever mode. Data support the view that a significant stress concentration may exist at the fixed corners of the cantilever beams. Maximum effects are experienced with beams of cold, brittle ice substantially free of structural imperfections; for this kind of ice the strength difference factor, here attributed to the effect of stress concentrations, may exceed 2.0; that is, simply supported beams test a factor of 2 or more stronger than the same beams tested in the cantilever mode. In ice that has undergone extensive thermal degradation, the stress concentration effect may be eliminated entirely. Simply supported beams generally yield higher strengths when the top surfaces are placed in tension. This behavior is attributed to differences in ice type; the fine-grained, crack-free top layer of snow-ice which constituted up to 50% of the ice cover in the current series of tests usually reacted more strongly in tension than the coarse-grained crack-prone bottom lake ice.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iv, 14 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-9
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Test sites and ice cover properties Beam testing Results Discussion Conclusions Literature cited
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  • 83
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/8
    In: CRREL Report, 78-8
    Description / Table of Contents: The interaction of a 5.1-GHz transverse electric surface wave with a dielectric slab is experimentally investigated. The wave is initially supported by a dielectric substrate resting upon a metallic ground-plane. A slab, made of the same dielectric material as the substrate and variable in height, is then placed upon the waveguide. The results for a small slab sitting on the substrate showed that the discontinuity was a very inefficient launcher of reflected surface waves. Investigations of these reflections with a trough waveguide showed that, for values of slab height comparable to the exponential decay height of the surface wave, the reflections remain very small. However, as the slab height is increased beyond the decay height, the reflected amplitude approaches the theoretical value for a plane wave reflected from the interface between air and the same dielectric. The results are applicable to surface wave methods of microwave deicing of wings and helicopter rotors.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 16 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-8
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Summary Introduction Background Objective and procedure Theory of plane surface waves Waveguide design and characteristics Physical apparatus Frequency characteristics Spatial distribution of Ey above the guide Guide wave length Surface wave interaction with a slab discontinuity Experiments with a trough Discussion and conclusions Literature cited
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  • 84
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/7
    In: CRREL Report, 78-7
    Description / Table of Contents: The theory of non-coaxial in-plane plastic deformation of soils that obey the Coulomb yield criterion is presented. The constitutive equations are derived by use of the geometry of the Mohr circle and the theory of characteristic lines. It is found that, for solving a boundary value problem, the non-coaxial angle must be given such values that enable us to accommodate the presupposed type of flow in the given domain satisfying the given boundary conditions. The non-coaxial angle is contained in the constitutive equations as a parameter. Therefore, the plastic material obeying the Coulomb yield criterion is a singular material whose constitutive equations are not constant with material but are variable with flow conditions.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 28 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-7
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstrac Preface Introduction Analysis of stress Geometry of the Mohr circle Stress characteristic directions Analysis of strain rate Constitutive equations Strain-rate characteristic directions Constitutive geometry Strain-rate tensor The dyadic expression Plastic work rate Coordinate transformation Example The stress solution Velocity equations in the a-characteristic curvilinear coordinates The constant speed solution Velocity equations in the constant density region Solution in the first constant-density subregion Solution in the second constant-density subregion Solution in the passive region Conclusion Literature cited
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  • 85
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/5
    In: CRREL Report, 78-5
    Description / Table of Contents: The viscoelastic deflection of an infinite floating ice plate subjected to a circular load was solved, assuming the Maxwell-Voigt type four-element model. An effective method of numerical integration of the solution integrals was developed, of which each integrand contains a product of Bessel functions extending to infinity. The theoretical curve was fitted to the field data, but the material constants thus found varied with time and location.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 32 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-5
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction The problem The solution Method of numerical integration Ramp/steady loading Curve fitting to time lapse deflections Asymptotic deflection Deflection profiles Acknowledgement Literature cited Appendix I. Analytical background Appendix II. Computer programs, ramp time profiles and steady time profiles
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  • 86
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/3
    In: CRREL Report, 78-3
    Description / Table of Contents: The mathematical theory for the bearing capacity of river ice for vehicles is presented. The floating ice sheet is assumed to have simple supports at the shore line. Solutions are presented for loads uniformly distributed over circular and rectangular areas. Numerical evaluations are made for a number of vehicles and the results presented in graphical form
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 22 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-3
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors: U.S. customary to metric (SI) units of measurement Introduction Theory Solution by superposition Solution by Fourier integral Solution by Fourier series Application and results Literature cited Appendix A: Bearing capacity of river ice for military vehicles Appendix B: Vehicle specifications Appendix C: Fortran II computer program
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  • 87
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/1
    In: CRREL Report, 78-1
    Description / Table of Contents: The results of axial double point-load tests on disk samples of snow and ice obtained from the area of McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, are presented. They show the effects of temperature, sample length, load point diameter and specific gravity on failure load. It was determined that 13 samples should be tested to obtain a representative mean strength index. The results show that the axial double point-load test has good possibilities as a rapid field test for determining the unconfined comrpessive strength of snow and ice but that further evaluation of the variables affecting test results must be made.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 11 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-1
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Test procedure Test program Test samples Number of test for determining strength index Effect of temperature Effect of sample length Effect of load point size Tests on snow Discussion Recommendations Literature cited
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  • 88
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/4
    In: CRREL Report, 78-4
    Description / Table of Contents: The use of radio-echo sounding records to indicate the presence of internal layers within large ice sheets is of interest to glaciologists because it offers a means of tracking the internal properties of the ice sheets over large distances. The interpretation of the reflections obtained in this manner is more valuable, however, if a physical property change relating to the glaciological regime can be related to the dielectric property change producing the radio-echo reflections. In this report, we use the measured physical properties of core to bedrock taken at Cape Folger, East Antarctica (66 deg 22 min s, 111 deg (E), 324-m depth), to compute a profile of dielectric properties and from this, a depth-reflection coefficient profile for comparison with observed radio-echo reflections. The measurements available on physical properties are: density variations, bubble size and shape changes, and crystal fabric variations. The depths of the strong reflections shown on the available radio-echo records are in reasonable agreement with the depths corresponding to the highest reflection coefficients computed from the combined physical property measurements. In calculations to differentiate the separate effects of different physical properties, it appears that density variations account for the primary contributions to the calculated dielectric property changes corresponding to the highest reflection coefficients. However, bubble changes alone can also account for reasonable, though lower, reflection coefficients at the appropriate depths. Crystal fabric variations correspond poorly with the reflection locations. Density variations are normally associated with depositional events in the history of the ice sheet.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vi, 12 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-4
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Derivation of the power reflection coefficient-depth variation Possible sources of dielectric constant variation with depth in ice sheets Ice density variations Effect of macroscopic impurity layers Effect of microscopic impurtty layers Changes in inclusion geometry Effect of crystal orientation changes Physical properties of the Cape Folger core Density-depth profile Air bubble-geometry depth profile Crystal orientation-depth profile Radio-echo sounding data Results and conclusions Literature cited
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  • 89
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-78/2
    In: CRREL Report, 78-2
    Description / Table of Contents: Many of the technical questions relating to iceberg transport are given brief, but quantitative, consideration. These include iceberg genesis and properties, the mechanical stability of icebergs at sea, towing forces and tug characteristics, drag coefficients, ablation rates, and handling and processing the iceberg at both the pick-up site and at the final destination. In particular the paper attempts to make technical information on glaciological and ice engineering aspects of the problem more readily available to the interested planner or engineer. Specific conclusions include: (1) No unprotected iceberg, no matter how long or wide, would be likely to survive the ablation caused by a long trip to low latitudes. (2) Icebergs that have a horizontal dimension exceeding 2 km may well be prone to breakup by long wavelength swells. (3) To avoid the dangers associated with an iceberg capsizing, the width of a 200-m thick iceberg should always be more than 300 m. (4) For towing efficiency the length/width ratio of a towed iceberg should be appreciably greater than unity. (5) For a pilot project, the selected iceberg would have to be quite small, if for no other reason than the practical availability of tug power.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 31 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 78-2
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Sources and properties of tabular icebergs Sources Characteristics of ice shelves near the ice front Characteristics of tabular icebergs Towing Geophysical and engineering considerations Tug characteristics Handling and processing Cutting and boring with thermal devices Penetration with electrothermal devices Electrothermal cutting Making vertical cuts by pre-split blasting Primary fragmentation by blasting Primary fragmentation by mechanical sawing Comminuting ice with machines Slurry pipelines Conclusion Literature cited
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  • 90
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/32
    In: CRREL Report, 77-32
    Description / Table of Contents: An experimental study of forced convective heat transfer over a vertical melting plate has been conducted. This study covers water velocities ranging from 1.7 to 9.8 mm/s and bulk water temperatures from 1.11 to 7.50 C. The experimental results are correlated in terms of Nusselt, Prandtl and Reynolds numbers with a moderate correlation coefficient of 0.843. The results are expected to be useful in predicting the heat transfer characteristics of a much larger prototype ice-water heat sink.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 12 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-32
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Summary Introduction Problem General review of the subject Experimental apparatus General considerations Water reservoir Test chamber assembly Pumping system Electrical control system Experimental procedure Experimental results Discussion and comparison of results Conclusions Literature cited
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  • 91
    Call number: S 90.0054(89) ; ZSP-320(B,86)
    In: Geologisches Jahrbuch
    In: Polar issue
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 370 S.
    Series Statement: Geologisches Jahrbuch : Reihe B 89
    Language: English
    Location: Lower compact magazine
    Location: Lower compact magazine
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  • 92
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/23
    In: CRREL Report, 77-23
    Description / Table of Contents: This report discusses the relationship between an architect and a behavioral scientist. Some of the discussion applies to this cooperative work for design of buildings. The bulk, however, relates to the cooperation of architect and behavioral scientist while conducting research. Examples from collaborative research at Alaskan military installations are cited which demonstrate the roles and contributions of the two disciplines.
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    Pages: 8 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-23
    Language: English
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  • 93
    Call number: M 97.0307
    In: Proceedings series / SPIE
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: ix, 316 S.
    ISBN: 0819425281
    ISSN: 0277-786X
    Series Statement: Proceedings series / SPIE vol. 3107
    Classification:
    Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing
    Language: English
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  • 94
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/21
    In: CRREL Report, 77-21
    Description / Table of Contents: Cold weather limits the successful application of built-up roofing, but often a roof installation must be completed late in the fall or in the winter. The loose-laid protected membrane roof with a synthetic sheet membrane can be installed in the middle of the winter with complete reliability. A synthetic membrane is traditionally more expensive than built-up roofing (rising crude oil prices, however, have reversed this condition), but it has two special features besides its suitability for winter installation: it can be placed on a damp deck, if necessary, and, being losse-laid, it does not split because of deck movement. This report documents information on the installation of two roofs in Anchorage, Alaska, during January and February 1972, including a discussion of the necessary snow removal from the bare deck and the use of portable shelters for preparing the lap joints between sheets during very cold weather. The winter installation caused no special construction problems and the advantages of the synthetic membrane make it an attractive alternative to built-up roofing. The cost of loose-laid protected membrane roofs in Alaska was, in 1972, nearly $300 per square ($28/sq.m), including insulation. Prices are rising as labor costs rise and as more insulation is specified.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 5 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-21
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction The protected membrane roof Winter construction considerations Construction costs Conclusion
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  • 95
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/11
    In: CRREL Report, 77-11
    Description / Table of Contents: Two performance indicators, effectiveness and thermal efficiency, are defined and used to evaluate the year-round performance of three protected membrane roofs in Alaska and New Hampshire. Effectiveness is a measure of the deviations of ceiling temperatures from a yearly average, with large diviations indicating erratic performance in the roofing-insulation system and small departures indicating a thermally stable system. Thermal efficiency, the ratio of calculated heat loss to measured heat loss, is affected by climatic conditions such as rain, snow, solar radiation and wind. Thermal efficiency values of 100% or greater are possible since the calculated heat loss is based only on the inside and outside air temperature differences and the thermal properties of the roof components. Results of the year-round evaluation indicate that the three protected membrane roofs generally have high values of both effectiveness and thermal efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 40 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-11
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors: U.S.customary to metric (SI) units of measurement Introduction Location of test sites Fairbanks Anchorage Hanover, N.H. Test program Instrumentation Effectiveness Therma lefficiency Heat balance within the roof Comparisons with conventional systems Conclusions Effectiveness of the test roof Thermal efficiency Heat balance within the roof Applicability Recommendations Literature cited Appendix A. Temperature and heat flow measurements, Anchorage and Fairbanks, Alaska, and Hanover, New Hampshire Appendix B. Thermal efficiencies of the test roof, Anchorage and Fairbanks, Alaska, and Hanover, New Hampshire Appendix C. January 1973 and August 1972 comparisons of protected membrane and conventional built-up membrane systems at Hanover, New Hampshire
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  • 96
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    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/19
    In: CRREL Report, 77-19
    In: Mechanics of cutting and boring, Part VI
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: The report deals with forces and power levels in cutting machines having adisc or drum that rotates about an axis perpendicular to the direction of advance. The forces on individual cutting tools are related to position on the rotor and to characteristics such as tool layout, rotor speed, rotor size, machine advance speed, and rotor torque. Integration leads to expressions for force components acting on the rotor axis, taking into account tool characteristics, cutting depth of the rotor, and rotor torque. These provide estimates of tractive thrust and thrust normal to the primary free surface. For self-propelled machines, this leads to considerations of traction, normal reaction, weight and balance, and power/weight ratios. Specific energy consumption is analyzed and related to machine characteristics and strength ofthe material being cut. Power per unit working area is discussed, and data for existing machines are summarized. Power requirements for ejection ofcuttings are analyzed, and the hydrodynamic resistance on underwater cuttings is treated. A number of worked examples are given to illustrate the principles discussed in the report.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vii, 36 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-19
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Foreword Introduction Terminology Forces on individual cutters Torque force and tool force Forces on the rotor axis Tractive thrust and down thrust Alternative tool force formulations Vehicle traction Power/weight ratio Weight and balance Force, torque, speed and power Specific energy Efficiency and performance index Power density Power requirements for ejection of cuttings Hydrodynamic resistance in underwater cutting
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  • 97
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/18
    In: CRREL Report, 77-18
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract: Models originally developed to describe the arching and the movement of granular materials through hoppers or chutes are applied to the arching and drift of pack ice in straits and gulfs having lengths of 50 to 500 km. Verification of the usefulness of the models is attempted by making comparisons with ice deformation patterns as observed via satellite imagery in the Bering Strait region and in Amundsen Gulf. The results are encouraging in that there is good correspondence between observed arching and lead patterns and those predicted by theory. In addition, values determined via the model for the angle of internal friction (≈ 30° to 35°) and the cohesive strength per unit thickness (≈ 2000 N/m) are similar to values obtained by other approaches. It is estimated that if the wind velocity parallel to the Bering Strait exceeds ≈ 6 m/s, there will be ice flow through the strait.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: iii, 11 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-18
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Theory Limiting span of an arch Flow of pack ice through converging channels Stoppage of flow Applications St. Lawrence Amundsen Gulf Bering Strait Conclusion References
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  • 98
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/16
    In: CRREL Report, 77-16
    Description / Table of Contents: A brief discussion is given of the ways an icebreaker breaks ice. Since the icebreaking process is so complex, the solution of a mathematical model does not appear to be feasible. As an alternative, it is suggested that physical models be used to design icebreakers. The appropriate scaling laws for physical models are developed and their practical limitation discussed.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: ii, 9 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-16
    Language: English
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  • 99
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/17
    In: CRREL Report, 77-17
    Description / Table of Contents: A literature search was made for information on the accretion of ice on ocean structures and on methods for control. The bulk of the reports were in Russian, with some additional Japanese, British, American, Canadian, and Icelandic sources. Analysis of icing reports indicated that sea spray is the most important cause of ship icing, with lesser amounts due to freezing rain, snow, and fog. Icing is a potential danger whenever air temperatures are below the freezing point of water and the sea temperature is 6 C or lower. Theoretical work on the ice accretion process is discussed, and a method is suggested, based on Russian experiments, for calculating the sea spray accumulation rate for cylindrical and flat surfaces as a function of water source temperature, air temperature, and wind speed. Other factors that influence icing severity are ship size and configuration, angle between ship course and water heading, and ship speed. Icing in the north temperate latitudes generally occurs in the rear of barometric depressions. Maps showing limits of various degrees of icing severity are included. Atmospheric icing measurements on tall land-based structures are presented, and potential maximum accumulations estimated. Control measures are discussed, though no completely effective method is available. Mechanical (impaction) methods are the most common, but experiments have been conducted on heated, icephobic, and deformable surfaces, and with freezing point depressants. No device for the unequivocal measurement of ice accumulation is available, though some experimental methods are suitable for controlled testing; it is recommended that a device be developed.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 42 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-17
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Conversion factors: U.S. customary to metric units of measurements Introduction The freezing proeess Icing observations Geographical distribution of icing and contributing meteorological conditions Extreme icing conditions Extremes of icc accumulation Prediction of icing occurrences Prediction of icing intensity and rate Control methods Measurement of icing rate Conclusions and recommendations Literature cited Appendix A. Maps of icing occurrence and rate Appendix B. Data for computing ship icing rates Appendix C. Estimation of ice accumulation
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  • 100
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
    Call number: ZSP-201-77/15
    In: CRREL Report, 77-15
    Description / Table of Contents: A laboratory experimental study was conducted on a scale model of an annular flow ice-water heat sink to be used to store the waste heat produced in a hardened defense installation operating in an isolated mode. The study ex­amined: 1) scaling relationships for predicting the performance of prototype units using data from scale models, 2) the accuracy of a computer prediction technique developed during an earlier study, 3) the heat transfer phenom­enon at the ice-water interface, and 4) some practical aspects related to the operation of a prototype installation. The scaling relationships and the computer program were found to be sufficiently accurate for use in developing a proto­type sink design. During operation the scale model sink provided an almost constant low temperature source of coolant water for approximately one-half its useful life and thereafter behaved like an ordinary stored water reservoir type heat sink. No significant operational problems were discovered.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: vii, 54 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 77-15
    Language: English
    Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Conversion factors: U.S. customary to metric units of measurement Introduction Description of experiment Apparatus Test procedure Experimental results Summary of experimental tests Influence of coolant water flow rates Approximation of the rate of melting Comparison of experimental and computed results Comparative analysis of the model sinks Approximation of the heat transfer coefficient Conclusions and recommendations Literature cited Appendix A. Experimental data, heat sink Model II Appendix B. Heat sink scaling and similarity relationships Appendix C. Derivation of the relationships for the heat transfer coefficient, Reynolds and Nusselt numbers Appendix D. Determination of freezing rates and refrigeration loads Appendix E. Approximation of stresses in the heat sink tank
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