ALBERT

Note: Contents: Contributors. - Preface. - 1 Introduction / H.G. Reading. - 1.1 Development of sedimentology and sedimentary geology. - 1.2 Scope and philosophy of this book. - 1.3 Organization of the book. - 2 Controls on the sedimentary rock record / H.G. Reading & B.K. Levell. - 2.1 Controlling factors. - 2.1.1 Sediment supply, Terrigenous systems, Biochemical and chemical systems. - 2.1.2 Climate. - 2.1.3 Tectonic movements and subsidence. - 2.1.4 Sea-level changes. - 2.1.5 Milankovitch processes and orbital forcing. - 2.1.6 Intrinsic sedimentary processes. - 2.1.7 Physical processes. - 2.1.8 Biological activity. - 2.1.9 Water chemistry. - 2.1.10 Volcanic activity. - 2.1.11 Normal vs. catastrophic sedimentation. - 2.1.12 Rates of sedimentation and preservation potential. - 2.2 Facies and sequences. - 2.2.1 Rock facies definitions. - 2.2.2 Facies relationships, associations and sequences. - 2.3 Facies in the subsurface. - 2.3.1 Seismic facies. - 2.3.2 Seismic-stratigraphic units and seismic sequences. - 2.3.3 Rocks from the subsurface. - 2.3.4 Wireline logs and log facies. - 2.4 Sequence stratigraphy. - 2.5 Models. - 3 Alluvial sediments / J.D. Collinson. - 3.1 Introduction. - 3.2 Alluvial processes. - 3.2.1 Erosional processes. - 3.2.2 Transport and depositional processes. - 3.2.3 Postdepositional alteration and pedogenesis. - 3.3 Present-day alluvial settings. - 3.3.1 River channel classification and controls. - 3.3.2 Coarse-grained bedload rivers. - 3.3.3 Sandy bedload rivers. - 3.3.4 Mixed-load rivers. - 3.3.5 Suspended-load rivers. - 3.3.6 Overbank areas, Levees and crevasse splays, Floodplains. - 3.3.7 Soils and their distribution. - 3.3.8 Alluvial fans, Gravity-flow fans, Fluvial fans, Terminal fans. - 3.4 Ancient alluvial sediments. - 3.5 Alluvial facies. - 3.5.1 Conglomeratic facies. - 3.5.2 Sandstone channel facies. - 3.5.3 Fine-grained facies. - 3.5.4 Palaeosols. - 3.5.5 Biological and biochemical sediment. - 3.6 Larger-scale geometry, organization and controls. - 3.6.1 Bounding surfaces. - 3.6.2 Architectural elements. - 3.6.3 Fan conglomerates. - 3.6.4 Channel conglomerates. - 3.6.5 Channel sandbodies. - 3.6.6 Overbank sequences and palaeosols. - 3.6.7 Channel-overbank relationships. - 3.6.8 Coal in alluvial settings. - 3.6.9 Incised palaeovalleys. - 3.6.10 Ephemeral stream and terminal fan deposits. - 4 Lakes / M.R. Talbot and P.A. Allen. - 4.1 Introduction. - 4.2 Diversity of present-day lakes. - 4.3 Properties of lake water. - 4.4 Kinetics of lake water. - 4.4.1 Surface waves. - 4.4.2 Currents in lakes. - 4.4.3 Seiches. - 4.5 Chemistry of lake waters. - 4.6 Clastic sedimentation. - 4.6.1 Beaches and other nearshore zones. - 4.6.2 Deltas. - 4.6.3 Offshore zones. - 4.7 Chemical and biochemical sedimentation. - 4.7.1 Lacustrine carbonates, Inorganic precipitation, Biogenic carbonate production. - 4.7.2 Siliceous deposits. - 4.7.3 Iron-rich deposits. - 4.7.4 Saline minerals. - 4.7.5 Organic matter. - 4.8 Rhythmites. - 4.9 Lake-level changes. - 4.10 Ancient lake deposits. - 4.10.1 Criteria for recognition of ancient lake deposits. - 4.10.2 Ancient lacustrine facies. - 4.11 Ancient clastic-dominated basins. - 4.11.1 Lakes with steep margins, The Ridge Basin Group. - 4.11.2 Wave-dominated lakes, The Kap Stewart Formation. - 4.11.3 Shallow, low-relief basins, The Mercia Mudstone Group. - 4.12 Ancient carbonate-dominated basins. - 4.12.1 Low energy water bodies. - 4.12.2 High energy margins, The Glenns Ferry Formation. - 4.12.3 Microbial build-ups, The Chalk Hills Formation. - 4.13 Mixed clastic-carbonate basins. - 4.13.1 The Devonian Orcadian Basin of northeast Britain. - 4.14 Evaporitic lake basins. - 4.14.1 The Green River Formation (Palaeogene) of Utah, Wyoming and Colorado. - 4.14.2 The Ebro basin (Oligocene-Miocene), Spain. - 4.15 Organic-matter-dominated basins. - 4.15.1 The Fort Union Formation. - 4.15.2 The Calaf and Mequinenza basins. - 4.15.3 Oil shales. - 4.16 Cycles in lake deposits. - 4.16.1 The Green River Formation. - 4.16.2 The Rubielos de Mora basin. - 4.16.3 The Newark Supergroup. - 4.17 Economic importance of lake deposits. - 5 Desert aeolian systems / G.A. Kocurek. - 5.1 Introduction. - 5.2 The desert aeolian system. - 5.2.1 Setting. - 5.2.2 Overview of processes. - 5.3 Aeolian processes and theory. - 5.3.1 Sediment transport. - 5.3.2 Dunes and airflow. - 5.3.3 Lee-face processes and stratification. - 5.3.4 Accumulation. - 5.3.5 Modelling of sets through space and time. - 5.3.6 Generation of bounding surfaces. - 5.3.7 Generation of aeolian sequences. - 5.3.8 Preservation of aeolian sequences. - 5.4 Present-day aeolian systems. - 5.4.1 Occurrence, accumulation and preservation. - 5.4.2 Variations. - 5.4.3 Classification of dunes. - 5.4.4 Dunes, airflow, stratification and cycles. - 5.4.5 Interdune areas. - 5.4.6 Sand sheets. - 5.4.7 Pleistocene—Holocene sequences. - 5.5 Ancient aeolian systems. - 5.5.1 The record. - 5.5.2 Sequences. - 5.5.3 System reconstruction. - 5.5.4 Dune reconstruction. - 6 Clastic coasts / H.G. Reading & J.D. Collinson. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Shoreline processes. - 6.2.1 Sediment supply. - 6.2.2 Sediment delivery to the basin. - 6.2.3 Zonation of the shoreline profile. - 6.2.4 Wave processes. - 6.2.5 Wave-induced nearshore currents. - 6.2.6 Fairweather vs. storm conditions. - 6.2.7 Tides. - 6.2.8 Wind. - 6.2.9 Gravitational processes. - 6.3 Coastal models and classifications. - 6.4 Rocky coasts. - 6.5 Coarse-grained gravel-rich coasts. - 6.5.1 Feeder systems. - 6.5.2 Reworking at the delta front. - 6.5.3 Resedimentation processes and slope failures. - 6.5.4 Coarse-grained coastal facies associations. - 6.5.5 Controls on coarse-grained coastal systems and sequences. - 6.5.6 Ancient coarse-grained coastal depositional systems, Coarse-grained systems in low-energy basins, Wave-affected coarse-grained systems. - 6.6 River deltas. - 6.6.1 Delta plain. - 6.6.2 Delta front. - 6.6.3 Prodelta. - 6.6.4 Deformational features on delta front and prodelta slope, Shallow-water resedimentation processes, Deep-water resedimentation processes. - 6.6.5 Deltaic facies sequences and their boundaries, Progradational sequences, Transgressive sequences, the abandonment phase. - 6.6.6 Ancient river deltas, Ancient fluvial-dominated and fluvial - wave-interaction deltas, Ancient wave-dominated deltas, Ancient tide-dominated deltas, Ancient delta deformation. - 6.7 Non-deltaic siliciclastic coasts. - 6.7.1 Beach-ridge strandplains. - 6.7.2 Chenier plains. - 6.7.3 Tidal flats. - 6.7.4 Barrier-island/lagoons. - 6.7.5 Estuaries. - 6.7.6 Coastal sequences, Progradational sequences, Transgressive sequences, Incised-valley sequences. - 6.7.7 Ancient non-deltaic siliciclastic coasts, Ancient progradational sequences, Ancient transgressive sequences. - 7 Shallow clastic seas / H.D. Johnson & C.T. Baldwin. - 7.1 Introduction. - 7.1.1 Definition. - 7.1.2 Historical background. - 7.2 Clastic shelf models and classification. - 7.2.1 Process-response models and shelf hydraulic regimes. - 7.2.2 Dynamic stratigraphic models. - 7.2.3 Modern vs. ancient shelf seas. - 7.3 Modern tide-dominated shallow seas. - 7.3.1 Tides and tidal currents. - 7.3.2 Tide-dominated sand deposition. - 7.3.3 Tidal current transport paths: processes, bedforms and facies. - 7.3.4 Offshore tidal sandridges. - 7.4 Modern wave- and storm-dominated shallow seas. - 7.4.1 Wave-and storm-generated processes. - 7.4.2 Storm-dominated deposition on transgressive shelves. - 7.4.3 Characteristics of modern shelf storm deposits. - 7.4.4 Hydrodynamic models of modern shelf storm deposits. - 7.5 Modern oceanic current-dominated shelves. - 7.6 Modern mud-dominated shelves. - 7.7 Ancient shallow clastic seas: facies recognition and interpretation. - 7.7.1 Ancient tide-dominated offshore facies, Sedimentary structures and facies in offshore tidal deposits. - 7.7.2 Ancient wave- and storm-dominated offshore facies, Sedimentary structures and facies in wave- and storm-dominated dep

Note: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 1996

Note: Contents: List of figures. - List of tables. - Preface to first edition. - Preface to second edition. - Acknowledgements. - PART 1 THE PERIGLACIAL DOMAIN. - 1 Introduction. - 1.1 The periglacial concept. - 1.2 Periglacial processes. - 1.3 The growth of periglacial geomorphology. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 2 Periglacial landscapes. - 2.1 Introduction. - 2.2 Proglacial, paraglacial or periglacial?. - 2.3 Never-glaciated periglacial terrain. - 2.4 Implications. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 3 Periglacial climates. - 3.1 Boundary conditions. - 3.2 Periglacial climates. - 3.3. Periglacial climates and the cryosphere. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - PART 2 PRESENT-DAY PERIGLACIAL ENVIRONMENTS. - 4 Frost action and cryogenic weathering. - 4.1 Introduction. - 4.2 The freezing process. - 4.3 Ice segregation and frost heave. - 4.4 Freezing and thawing indices. - 4.5 The ground temperature regime. - 4.6 Frost cracking. - 4.7 Cryogenic weathering. - 4.8 Salt weathering. - 4.9 Solution and karstification. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 5 Permafrost. - 5.1 Historical perspective. - 5.2 Moisture in permafrost. - 5.3 Geothermal regimes of permafrost. - 5.4 Distribution of permafrost. - 5.5 Permafrost and terrain conditions. - 5.6 Surface features of permafrost. - 5.7 Permafrost hydrology. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 6 Ground ice. - 6.1 Ground ice description. - 6.2 Types and amounts of ground ice. - 6.3 Ice wedges. - 6.4 Massive ice and massive icy bodies. - 6.5 Ice-cored mounds and pingos. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 7 Thermokarst. - 7.1 Causes of thermokarst. - 7.2 Thermokarst subsidence and thermal erosion. - 7.3 Alas thermokarst relief. - 7.4 Ice-wedge thermokarst terrain. - 7.5 Retrogressive thaw slumps. - 7.6 Thaw lakes and depressions. - 7.7 Fluvio-thermal erosion. - 7.8 Thermokarst involutions. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 8 The active layer. - 8.1 Definition. - 8.2 Thermal regime of the active layer. - 8.3 Unfrozen water in freezing and frozen soils. - 8.4 Frost heave. - 8.5 Thaw consolidation. - 8.6 Thermally induced mass displacement. - 8.7 Cryoturbation and patterned ground. - 8.8 Active layer hydraulics and mud boils. - 8.9 Conclusions. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 9 Hillslope processes. - 9.1 Mass wasting. - 9.2 Solifluction. - 9.3 Slopewash. - 9.4 Rapid mass movement. - 9.5 Frozen slopes. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 10 Slope morphology. - 10.1 The free-face model. - 10.2 Rectilinear debris-mantled slopes. - 10.3 Convexo-concavo debris-mantled slopes. - 10.4 Pediment-like forms. - 10.5 Stepped profiles. - 10.6 Slope evolution. - 10.7 General reflections. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 11 Fluvial processes and landforms. - 11.1 Introduction. - 11.2 Major rivers. - 11.3 Channel hydrology. - 11.4 Basin hydrology. - 11.5 Sediment flow, surface transport and denudation. - 11.6 Fluvio-thermal erosion. - 11.7 Channel morphology. - 11.8 Valley asymmetry. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 12 Wind action and coastal processes. - 12.1 The role of the wind. - 12.2 Loess-like silt. - 12.3 Sand dunes and sand sheets. - 12.4 Coastal processes. - 12.5 Cold-climate deltas. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - PART 3 PLEISTOCENE PERIGLACIAL ENVIRONMENTS. - 13 Pleistocene periglacial conditions. - 13.1 Introduction. - 13.2 The time scale and climatic fluctuations. - 13.3 Geomorphic considerations. - 13.4 Problems of reconstruction. - 13.5 Extent of late Pleistocene periglacial conditions. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 14 Relict periglacial phenomena. - 14.1 Introduction. - 14.2 Perennial or seasonal frost?. - 14.3 Evidence for frost action. - 14.4 Evidence for frozen ground. - 14.5 Pleistocene frost fissures. - 14.6 Frost mounds. - 14.7 Thermokarst forms and structures. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 15 Pleistocene wind action, tundra rivers and periglacial landscape modification. - 15.1 Wind action. - 15.2 Tundra rivers. - 15.3 Asymmetrical valleys. - 15.4 Periglacial landscape modification. - 15.5 Summary. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - PART 4 APPLIED PERIGLACIAL GEOMORPHOLOGY. - 16 Geotechnical and engineering aspects. - 16.1 Introduction. - 16.2 Human-induced thermokarst and terrain disturbance. - 16.3 Engineering and construction problems. - 16.4 Hydrological problems. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - 17 Global change and periglacial environments. - 17.1 Global change and cold regions. - 17.2 Evidence from the present day. - 17.3 Future responses. - Further reading. - Discussion topics. - References. - Index.

Note: Introduction 1 Definitions 2 Historical Development of the Term Rockglacier 3 Rockglaciers: Description and Morphometry 3.1 General Description 3.2 Form Types 3.3 Morphometric Parameters 3.3.1 Rockglacier Sizes 3.3.2 Tongue-Shaped Rockg1aciers 3.3.3 Lobate Rockg1aciers 3.3.4 Rockglacier Thickness 3.3.5 Surface Relief 3.3.6 Rockglacier Surface and Source Area 4 Rockglacier Taxonomy 5 Rockglacier Distribution 5.1 General Information 5.2 Local Rockglacier Distribution 5.2.1 The Alps 5.2.2 The Mountains of Northern Europe 5.2.3 The Pyrenees 5.2.4 North American Mountains 5.2.5 The Andes of Central and South America 5.2.6 The Mountains of Asia 5.2.7 The Southern Alps 5.2.8 Antarctic Mountains 5.2.9 Conclusions 6 Rockglacier Material, Surficial Fabric and Internal Structure 6.1 Rock Type and Grain Size at and below the Surface 6.1.1 Rock Type 6.1.2 Grain Sizes at the Surface 6.1.3 Development of the Bouldery Mantle 6.1.4 Surface Fabric 6.1.5 Grain Sizes below the Bouldery Mantle 6.2 Internal Structure 6.2.1 Direct Information 6.2.1.1 Excavations, Outcrops, Tunnels 6.2.1.2 Smaller Boreholes 6.2.1.3 The Deep Borehole through the Rockglacier Murtel I 6.2.2 Indirect Information 6.2.2.1 Seismic Information 6.2.2.2 Geoelectric Soundings 6.2.2.3 Radio-Echo Soundings 6.2.2.4 Gravimetry 6.2.2.5 Borehole Geophysics and Related Measurements 6.2.2.6 BTS Measurements 6.2.2.7 Summary: The Inner Core of an Active Rockglacier 6.3 The Active Layer on Rockglaciers 7 Rockglacier Movement, Velocity, and Rheology 7.1 The Horizontal and Vertical Movement of Active Rockglaciers 7.1.1 Measurement Methods 7.1.2 Annual Horizontal Displacement 7.1.3 Long-Term Annual Averages 7.1.4 Long-Term Estimates 7.1.5 Longer Time Series 7.1.6 Monthly and Seasonal Measurements 7.1.7 Vertical Displacement 7.1.8 Conclusion 7.2 Geometry of Movement 7.2.1 The General Flow Patterns of Active Rockglaciers 7.2.1.1 Gruben Rockglacier 7.2.1.2 Macun Rockglacier 7.2.1.3 Arapaho Rockglacier 7.2.2 Horizontal Velocity on Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Profiles 7.2.3 Surface and Subsurface Velocity 7.3 Rheologic Considerations 7.3.1 Shear Stress and Strain Rates in Active Rockglaciers 7.3.2 The Rheological Description of Active Rockglaciers 7.4 Rockglacier Movement and Climate 7.5 Discussion of Rockglacier Movement 8 Rockglacier Genesis and the Relation to Similar-Looking Landforms 8.1 Rockglacier Genesis 8.1.1 The Formation of Active Rockglaciers 8.1.1.1 Talus Rockglaciers 8.1.1.2 Debris Rockglaciers 8.1.1.3 Special Rockglaciers 8.1.1.4 Problematic Cases 8.1.2 Inactive Rockglaciers 8.1.3 Relict (Fossil) Rockglaciers 8.2 Published Hypotheses of Rockglacier Formation 8.2.1 Mass-Movement Hypotheses 8.2.1.1 The Bergsturz Hypothesis in General 8.2.1.2 Landslide Influences 8.2.2 The Glacial Hypothesis 8.2.2.1 Debris-Covered Glaciers and Thermokarst 8.2.2.2 Transition from True Glaciers to Rockglaciers? 8.2.2.3 The Moraine Hypothesis 8.2.3 The Periglacial (Blockstream) Hypothesis 8.3 True Rockglaciers under Wrong Labels 8.3.1 The Ostrem Ice-Cored Moraine Concept 8.3.2 The Protalus Rampart Concept 9 The Age of Rockglaciers 9.1 The Age of Active Rockglaciers 9.2 The Age of Climatic Inactive Rockglaciers 9.3 The Age of Relict (Fossil) Rockglaciers 10 Rockglaciers and the High Mountain Environment 10.1 Active Rockglaciers and Mountain Permafrost 10.2 Rockglaciers in the Coarse Debris Cycle 10.2.1 Rockglaciers and Talus Production 10.2.2 Rockglacier Size and Source Area 10.2.3 Rockglaciers as a Debris Transport System 10.3 Rockglaciers and Climate 10.3.1 Rockglaciers and Present Climate 10.3.2 Relict Rockglaciers and Paleoclimate Reconstruction 10.3.3 Reactivation of Inactive or Relict Rockglaciers 10.3.4 Rockglaciers and Climatic Change 10.4 Rockglaciers in the Alpine Hydrological Cycle 10.4.1 Rockglaciers as a Water Store 10.4.2 Discharge from Rockglacier Permafrost 10.4.3 Fluctuations in Rockglacier Permafrost Storage 10.5 Rockglaciers as Hazards in Alpine Environments 10.6 The Environment of Active Rockglaciers 11 Summary and Outstanding Problems 12 References Index of Place Names Subject Index

Note: Contents: Acknowledgements. - Translator's Preface. - Preface to Volume Ill of the Russian edition, Cyperaceae. - Preface to Volume IV of the Russian edition, Lemnaceae-Orchidaceae. - Abbreviations Used in Citing Floristic and Systematic Literature. - FAMILY XIV I Cyperaceae-Sedge Family. - GENUS 1 I Eriophorum-Cotton Grass. - GENUS 2 I Trichophorum- Deer Grass. - GENUS 3 I Scirpus-Bulrush. - GENUS 4 I Eleocharis-Spike Rush. - GENUS 5 I Kobresia-Kobresia. - GENUS 6 I Carex-Sedge. - FAMILY XV I Lemnaceae-Duckweed Family. - GENUS 1 I Lemna-Duckweed. - FAMILY XVI I Juncaceae-Rush Family. - GENUS 1/ Juncus-Rush. - GENUS 2 I Luzula-Woodrush. - FAMILY XVII I Liliaceae-Lily Family. - GENUS 1/ Tofieldia-False Asphodel. - GENUS 2 I Zygadenus-Camas. - GENUS 3 I Veratrum-False Hellebore. - GENUS 4 I Gagea-Yellow Star-of-Bethlehem. - GENUS 5 I Allium-Onion. - GENUS 6 / Fritillaria-Fritillary. - GENUS 7 I Lloydia-Lloydia. - GENUS 8 I Smilacina-False Solomon's Seal. - GENUS 9 I Maianthemum-May Lily. - GENUS 10 I Paris-Herb Paris. - FAMILY XVIII I Iridaceae-Jris Family. - GENUS 11 Iris-Iris. - FAMILY XIX I Orchidaceae-Orchid Family. - GENUS 1 I Cypripedium-Lady's Slipper. - GENUS 2 I Corallorhiza-Coralroot. - GENUS 3 I Listera-Twayblade. - GENUS 3A I Epipactis-Helleborine. - GENUS 4 I Goodyera-Rattlesnake Plantain. - GENUS s I Chamaeorchis-Alpine Orchid. - GENUS 6 I Coeloglossum-Frog Orchid. - GENUS 7 I Leucorchis-Small White Orchid. - GENUS 8 I Lysiella-Blunt-leaved Orchid. - GENUS gl Gymnadenia-Rein Orchid. - GENUS 10 I Dactylorchis-Spotted Orchid. - APPENDIX 1 I Summary of Data on the Geographical Distribution of Vascular Plants of the Soviet Arctic. - TABLE 3 I Distribution of Vascular Plants of the Soviet Arctic, Cyperaceae. - TABLE 4 I Distribution of Vascular Plants of the Soviet Arctic, Lemnaceae-Orchidaceae. - Index of Plant Names. -

Note: Alan E. S. Kemp: Laminated sediments as palaeo-indicators / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:vii-xii, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.01 --- Controls on Formation and Strategies for Study --- Roger Y. Anderson: Seasonal sedimentation: a framework for reconstructing climatic and environmental change / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:1-15, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.02 --- Constance Sancetta: Laminated diatomaceous sediments: controls on formation and strategies for analysis / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:17-21, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.03 --- Neal R. O’Brien: Shale lamination and sedimentary processes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:23-36, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.04 --- Methods and Techniques --- Jennifer Pike and Alan E. S. Kemp: Preparation and analysis techniques for studies of laminated sediments / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:37-48, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.05 --- Bernd Zolitschka: Image analysis and microscopic investigation of annually laminated lake sediments from Fayetteville Green Lake (NY, USA) Lake C2 (NWT, Canada) and Holzmaar (Germany): a comparison / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:49-55, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.06 --- Lacustrine Environments --- Konrad A. Hughen, Jonathan T. Overpeck, Robert F. Anderson, and Kerstin M. Williams: The potential for palaeoclimate records from varved Arctic lake sediments: Baffin Island, Eastern Canadian Arctic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:57-71, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.07 --- Gunilla Petterson: Varved sediments in Sweden: a brief review / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:73-77, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.08 --- A. B. Leslie, A. C. Kendall, G. M. Harwood, and D. W. Powers: Conflicting indicators of palaeodepth during deposition of the Upper Permian Castile Formation, Texas and New Mexico / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:79-92, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.09 --- California Borderland Basins --- D. S. Gorsline, Enrique Nava-Sanchez, and Janette Murillo de Nava: A survey of occurrences of Holocene laminated sediments in California Borderland Basins: products of a variety of depositional processes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:93-110, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.10 --- James W. Hagadorn: Laminated sediments of Santa Monica Basin, California continental borderland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:111-120, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.11 --- Arndt Schimmelmann and Carina B. Lange: Tales of 1001 varves: a review of Santa Barbara Basin sediment studies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:121-141, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.12 --- David Bull and Alan E. S. Kemp: Composition and origins of laminae in late Quaternary and Holocene sediments from the Santa Barbara Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:143-156, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.13 --- Continental Margin and Other Marine Basins --- Jennifer Pike and Alan E. S. Kemp: Records of seasonal flux in Holocene laminated sediments, Gulf of California / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:157-169, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.14 --- Konrad A. Hughen, Jonathan T. Overpeck, Larry C. Peterson, and Robert F. Anderson: The nature of varved sedimentation in the Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, and its palaeoclimatic significance / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:171-183, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.15 --- H. Schulz, U. Von Rad, and U. Von Stackelberg: Laminated sediments from the oxygen-minimum zone of the northeastern Arabian Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:185-207, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.16 --- Grzegorz Haczewski: Oligocene laminated limestones as a high-resolution correlator of palaeoseismicity, Polish Carpathians / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:209-220, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.17 --- Deep-sea Laminated Sediment Records --- R. B. Pearce, A. E. S. Kemp, J. G. Baldauf, and S. C. King: High-resolution sedimentology and micropalaeontology of laminated diatomaceous sediments from the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean (Leg 138) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:221-241, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.18 --- Alan E. S. Kemp, Jack G. Baldauf, and Richard B. Pearce: Origins and palaeoceangraphic significance of laminated daitom ooze from the Eastern Equatorial Pacific Ocean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 116:243-252, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.116.01.19

Note: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 1995

Note: Contents: 1. Introduction. - 1.1. Objective. - 1.2. General description of the land ice masses in the Arctic. - 1.3. Remarks on methods. - 2. Regional overview. - 2.1. Alaska. - 2.2. Canadian Arctic. - 2.3. Greenland. - 2.4. Iceland. - 2.5. Svalbard. - 2.6. Northern Scandinavia. - 2.7. Russian Arctic. - 3. Concluding remarks. - Acknowledgements. - References. - Glossary. - Adresses of the authors.

Note: Contents E. C. King, R. A. Livermore, and B. C. Storey: Weddell Sea tectonics and Gondwana break-up: an introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:1-10, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.01 --- Michael L. Curtis and Bryan C. Storey: A review of geological constraints on the pre-break-up position of the Ellsworth Mountains within Gondwana: implications for Weddell Sea evolution / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:11-30, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.02 --- Vic Divenere, Dennis V. Kent, and Ian W. D. Dalziel: Summary of palaeomagnetic results from West Antarctica: implications for the tectonic evolution of the Pacific margin of Gondwana during the Mesozoic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:31-43, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.03 --- T. S. Brewer, D. Rex, P. G. Guise, and C. J. Hawkesworth: Geochronology of Mesozoic tholeiitic magmatism in Antarctica: implications for the development of the failed Weddell Sea rift system / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:45-61, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.04 --- G. H. Grantham: Aspects of Jurassic magmatism and faulting in western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica: implications for Gondwana break-up / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:63-71, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.05 --- W. Reimer, H. Miller, and H. Mehl: Mesozoic and Cenozoic palaeo-stress fields of the South Patagonian Massif deduced from structural and remote sensing data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:73-85, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.06 --- Bryan C. Storey, Alan P. M. Vaughan, and Ian L. Millar: Geodynamic evolution of the Antarctic Peninsula during Mesozoic times and its bearing on Weddell Sea history / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:87-103, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.07 --- P. C. Richards, R. W. Gatliff, M. F. Quinn, N. G. T. Fannin, and J. P. Williamson: The geological evolution of the Falkland Islands continental shelf / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:105-128, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.08 --- W. Jokat, C. Hübscher, U. Meyer, L. Oszko, T. Schöne, W. Versteeg, and H. Miller: The continental margin off East Antarctica between 10°W and 30°W / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:129-141, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.09 --- R. J. Hunter, A. C. Johnson, and N. D. Aleshkova: Aeromagnetic data from the southern Weddell Sea embayment and adjacent areas: synthesis and interpretation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:143-154, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.10 --- David C. McAdoo and Seymour W. Laxon: Marine gravity from Geosat and ERS-1 altimetry in the Weddell Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:155-164, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.11 --- W. Jokat, H. Miller, and C. Hübscher: Crustal structure of the Antarctic continental margin in the eastern Weddell Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:165-174, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.12 --- G. L. Leitchenkov, H. Miller, and E. N. Zatzepin: Structure and Mesozoic evolution of the eastern Weddell Sea, Antarctica: history of early Gondwana break-up / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:175-190, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.13 --- Joachim Jacobs, Norbert Kaul, and Klaus Weber: The history of denudation and resedimentation at the continental margin of western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, during break-up of Gondwana / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:191-199, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.14 --- W. Jokat, H. Miller, and C. Hübscher: Structure and origin of southern Weddell Sea crust: results and implications / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:201-211, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.15 --- E. C. King and A. C. Bell: New seismic data from the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:213-226, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.16 --- R. A. Livermore and R. J. Hunter: Mesozoic seafloor spreading in the southern Weddell Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:227-241, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.17 --- H. A. Roeser, J. Fritsch, and K. Hinz: The development of the crust off Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:243-264, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.18 --- Yoshifumi Nogi, Nobukazu Seama, Nobuhiro Isezaki, and Yoichi Fukuda: Magnetic anomaly lineations and fracture zones deduced from vector magnetic anomalies in the West Enderby Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 108:265-273, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.108.01.19

Note: CONTENTS: 1. Introduction. - 1.1 Scope of Aquatic Chemistry. - 1.2 The Solvent Water. - 1.3 Solute Species. - Suggested Readings. - Appendix 1.1: Some Useful Quantities, Units, Conversion Factors, Constants, and Relationships. - 2. Chemical Thermodynamics and Kinetics. - 2.1 Introduction. - 2.2 Chemical Thermodynamic Principles. - 2.3 Systems of Variable Composition: Chemical Thermodynamics. - 2.4 Gibbs Energy and Systems of Variable Chemical Composition. - 2.5 Chemical Potentials of Pure Phases and Solutions. - 2.6 Chemical Potentials of Aqueous Electrolytes. - 2.7 The Equilibrium Constant. - 2.8 The Gibbs Energy of a System. - 2.9 Driving Force for Chemical Reactions. - 2.10 Temperature and Pressure Effects on Equilibrium. - 2.11 Equilibrium Tools. - 2.12 Kinetics and Thermodynamics: Time and Reaction Advancement. - 2.13 Rate and Mechanism. - 2.14 Concentration Versus Time. - 2.15 Theory of Elementary Processes. - 2.16 Elementary Reactions and ACT. - 2.17 Equilibrium Versus Steady State in Flow Systems. - Suggested Readings. - Problems. - Answers to Problems. - 3. Acids and Bases. - 3.1 Introduction. - 3.2 The Nature of Acids and Bases. - 3.3 The Strength of an Acid or Base. - 3.4 Activity and pH Scales. - 3.5 Equilibrium Calculations. - 3.6 pH as a Master Variable; Equilibrium Calculations Using a Graphical Approach. - 3.7 Ionization Fractions of Acids, Bases, and Ampholytes. - 3.8 Titration of Acids and Bases. - 3.9 Buffer Intensity and Neutralizing Capacity. - 3.10 Organic Acids. - Suggested Readings. - Problems. - Answers to Problems. - 4. Dissolved Carbon Dioxide. - 4.1 Introduction. - 4.2 Dissolved Carbonate Equilibria (Closed System). - 4.3 Aqueous Carbonate System Open to the Atmosphere. - 4.4 Alkalinity and Acidity, Neutralizing Capacities. - 4.5 Alkalinity Changes. - 4.6 Analytical Considerations: Gran Plots. - 4.7 Equilibrium with Solid Carbonates. - 4.8 Kinetic Considerations. - 4.9 Carbon Isotopes and Isotope Fractionation. - Suggested Readings. - Problems. - Answers to Problems. - 5. Atmosphere-Water Interactions. - 5.1 Introduction. - 5.2 Anthropogenic Generation of Acidity in the Atmosphere. - 5.3 Gas-Water Partitioning: Henry's Law. - 5.4 Gas-Water Equilibria in Closed and Open Systems. - 5.5 Washout of Pollutants from the Atmosphere. - 5.6 Fog. - 5.7 Aerosols . - 5.8 Acid Rain - Acid Lakes. - 5.9 The Volatility of Organic Substances. - 5.10 Gas Transfer Across Water-Gas Interface. - Suggested Readings. - Problems. - Answers to Problems. - 6. Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution: Aspects of Coordination Chemistry. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Protons and Metal Ions. - 6.3 Hydrolysis of Metal Ions. - 6.4 Solubility and Hydrolysis: Solid Hydroxides and Metal Oxides. - 6.5 Chelates. - 6.6 Metal Ions and Ligands: Classification of Metals. - 6.7 Speciation in Fresh Waters. - 6.8 Seawater Speciation. - 6.9 Kinetics of Complex Formation. - Suggested Readings. - Problems. - Answers to Problems. - Appendix 6.1: Stability Constants. - Appendix 6.2: The Various Scales for Equilibrium Constants, Activity Coefficients, and pH. - 7. Precipitation and Dissolution. - 7.1 Introduction. - 7.2 The Solubility of Oxides and Hydroxides. - 7.3 Complex Formation and Solubility of (Hydr)oxides. - 7.4 Carbonates. - 7.5 The Stability of Hydroxides, Carbonates, and Hydroxide Carbonates. - 7.6 Sulfides and Phosphates. - 7.7 The Phase Rule: Components, Phases, and Degrees of Freedom. - 7.8 Solubility of Fine Particles. - 7.9 Solid Solutions. - Suggested Readings. - Problems. - Answers to Problems. - 8. Oxidation and Reduction; Equilibria and Microbial Mediation. - 8.1 Introduction. - 8.2 Redox Equilibria and the Electron Activity. - 8.3 The Electrode Potential: The Nernst Equation and the Electrochemical Cell. - 8.4 p[Epsilon]-pH, Potential-pH Diagrams. - 8.5 Redox Conditions in Natural Waters. - 8.6 Effect of Complex Formers on the Redox Potential. - 8.7 Measuring the Redox Potential in Natural Waters. - 8.8 The Potentiometric Determination of Individual Solutes. - Suggested Readings. - Problems. - Answers to Problems. - Appendix 8.1: Activity Ratio Diagrams for Redox Systems. - 9. The Solid-Solution Interface. - 9.1 Introduction. - 9.2 Adsorption. - 9.3 Adsorption Isotherms. - 9.4 Hydrous Oxide Surfaces; Reactions with H+, OH-, Metal Ions, and Ligands. - 9.5 Surface Charge and the Electric Double Layer. - 9.6 Correcting Surface Complex Formation Constants for Surface Charge. - 9.7 Sorption of Hydrophobic Substances on Organic Carbon-Bearing Particles. - 9.8 Ion Exchange. - 9.9 Transport of (Ad)sorbable Constituents in Groundwater and Soil Systems. - Suggested Readings. - Problems. - Appendix 9.1: The Gouy-Chapman Theory. - Appendix 9.2: Contact Angle, Adhesion and Cohesion, the Oil-Water Interface. - 10. Trace Metals: Cycling, Regulation, and Biological Role. - 10.1 Introduction: Global Cycling of Metals. - 10.2 Analytical Approaches to Chemical Speciation. - 10.3 Classification of Metal Ions and the Inorganic Chemistry of Life. - 10.4 Organometallic and Organometalloidal Compounds. - 10.5 Bioavailability and Toxicity. - 10.6 Metal Ions as Micronutrients. - 10.7 The Interaction of Trace Metals with Phytoplankton at the Molecular Level. - 10.8 Regulation of Trace Elements by the Solid-Water Interface in Surface Waters. - 10.9 Regulation of Dissolved Heavy Metals in Rivers, Lakes, and Oceans. - 10.10 Quality Criteria in Fresh Waters: Some Aspects. - Suggested Readings. - 11. Kinetics of Redox Processes. - 11 1 Introduction. - 11.2 How Good an Oxidant Is O2?. - 11.3 Can p[Epsilon] Be Defined for a Nonequilibrium System?. - 11.4 Kinetics of Redox Processes: Case Studies. - 11.5 Oxidants Used in Water and Waste Technology: A Few Case Studies. - 11.6 Linear Free Energy Relations (LFERs). - 11.7 The Marcus Theory of Outer-Sphere Electron Transfer: An Introduction. - 11.8 Nucleophile-Electrophile Interactions and Redox Reactions Involving Organic Substances. - 11.9 Corrosion of Metals as an Electrochemical Process. - Suggested Readings. - 12. Photochemical Processes. - 12.1 Introduction. - 12.2 Absorption of Light. - 12.3 Photoreactants. - 12.4 Photoredox Reactions: Photolysis of Transition Metal Complexes. - 12.5 Photochemical Reactions in Atmospheric Waters: Role of Dissolved Iron Species. - 12.6 Heterogeneous Photochemistry. - 12.7 Semiconducting Minerals. - Suggested Readings. - 13. Kinetics at the Solid-Water Interface: Adsorption, Dissolution of Minerals, Nucleation, and Crystal Growth. - 13.1 Introduction. - 13.2 Kinetics of Adsorption. - 13.3 Surface-Controlled Dissolution of Oxide Minerals: An Introduction to Weathering. - 13.4 Simple Rate Laws in Dissolution. - 13.5 Rates of CaCO3 Dissolution (and of CaCO3 Crystal Growth). - 13.6 Inhibition of Dissolution. - 13.7 Nucleation and Crystal Growth. - Suggested Readings. - 14. Particle-Particle Interaction: Colloids, Coagulation, and Filtration. - 14.1 Colloids. - 14.2 Particle Size Distribution. - 14.3 Surface Charge of Colloids. - 14.4 Colloid Stability: Qualitative Considerations. - 14.5 Effects of Surface Speciation on Colloid Stability. - 14.6 Some Water-Technological Considerations in Coagulation, Filtration, and Flotation. - 14.7 Filtration Compared with Coagulation. - 14.8 Transport in Aggregation and Deposition. - Suggested Readings. - Appendix 14.1: A Physical Model (DLVO) for Colloid Stability. - 15. Regulation of the Chemical Composition of Natural Waters. - 15.1 Introduction. - 15.2 Weathering and the Proton Balance. - 15.3 Isothermal Evaporation. - 15.4 Buffering. - 15.5 Interactions Between Organisms and Abiotic Environment: Redfield Stoichiometry. - 15.6 The Oceans: Relative Constancy of the Composition and Chemical Equilibria. - 15.7 Constancy of Composition: Steady State. - 15.8 Hydrothermal Vents. - 15.9 The Sediment-Water Interface. - 15.10 Biological Regulation of the Composition. - 15.11 Global Cycling: The Interdependence of Biogeochemical Cycles. - 15.12 The Carbon Cycle. - 15.13 Nitrogen Cycles:

Note: Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 1995

Note: CONTENTS Preface List of Contributors Introduction 1. Predicting the Hydrological Effects of Climate Change / J.A.A. Jones Section I Sensitivity of the Global Hydrosphere Section Summary 2. An Introduction to Global Water Dynamics / I. Kayane 3. Modelling the Biospheric Aspects of the Hydrological Cycle: Upscaling Processes and Downscaling Weather Data / B. Bass, N. Akkur, J. Russo and J. Zack 4. Trends in Historical Steamflow Records / F.H.S. Chiew and T.A. McMahon Section II Regional Implications of Global Warming Section Summary 5. Hydrology of Northern North America under Global Warming / M.-K. Woo 6. Current Evidence on the Likely Impact of Global Warming on Hydrological Regimes in Europe / J.A.A. Jones 7. The Impact of Climatic Warming on Hydrological Regimes in China: An Overview / L. Changming and F. Guobin Section. Ill Precipitation Change and Variability Section Summary 8. The Influence of Topography, Season and Circulation on Spatial Patterns of Daily Precipitation / P.J. Robinson 9. Use of Artificial Neural Networks in Precipitation Forecasting / H.-T. Kung, L.Yu. Lin and S. Malasri 10. Generation of Sequences of Air Temperature and Precipitation for Estimation of the Hydrological Cycle in Changing Climatic Conditions in Poland / M. Gutry-Korycka and P. Werner 11. Some Aspects of Climatic Fluctuation at Four Stations on the Tibetan Plateau during the Last 40 Years / M. Yoshino 12. The Influences of the North Atlantic Oscillation, the El Niiio/Southern Oscillation and the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation on Winter Precipitation in Ireland / S. Daultrey Section IV Impacts on Snow, Ice and Meltwaters Section Summary 13. Runoff Formation and Discharge Modelling of a Glacierized Basin in the Tianshan Mountains / K. Ersi, S. Yafeng, A. Ohmura and H. Lang 14. Impact of Future Climate Change on Glacier Runoff and the Possibilities for Artificially Increasing Melt Water Runoff in the Aral Sea Basin / A.N. Krenke and G.N. Kravchenko 15. Glaciers and Snowcover in Central Asia as Indicators of Climate Change in the Earth-Ocean-Atmosphere System / V.B. Aizen and E.M. Aizen 16. Global Warming and the Trend toward Dryness in the Frigid High Mountains and Plateau of Western China / L.-S. Zhang Section V The Water Balance and Changing Regional Resources Section Summary 17. A Method to Assess the Effects of Climatic Warming on the Water Balance of Mountainous Regions / C. Liu and M.-K. Woo 18. Sensitivity Analyses for the Impact of Global Warming on Water Resources in Wales / C.P. Holt and J.A.A. Jones 19. Potential Hydrological Responses to Climate Change in Australia / F.H.S. Chiew, Q.J. Wang, T.A. McMahon, B.C. Bates and P.H. Whetton 20. Dynamics of Stage Fluctuation in Yangzhouyongcuo Lake, Tibetan Plateau / T. Liu 21. Derivation of Surface Temperature, Albedo, and Radiative Fluxes over the Tibetan Plateau Based on Satellite Measurement / L. Shi 22. Climatic Warming and its Impact on the Water Resources of the Yalong River, China / D. Yuren and H. Yuguang 23. The Probable Impact of Global Change on the Water Resources of Patagonia, Argentina / R.M. Quintela, O.E. Scarpati, L.B. Spescha and AD. Capriolo 24. Long Term Trends in the Water Balance of Central Japan / K. Mori Conclusions 25. The Impact of Global Warming on Regional Hydrology and Future Research Priorities / J.A.A. Jones Index

Note: Contents Observed Climatic Variability: Time Dependence / J. M. WALLACE Observed Climatic Variability: Spatial Structure / J. M. WALLACE Predictability of the Atmosphere and Oceans: From Days to Decades / T. N. PALMER Mechanisms for Decadal-to-Centennial Climate Variability / E. S. SARACHIK, M. WINTON and F. L. YIN Long-Term Coordinated Changesin the Convective Activity of the North Atlantic / R. DICKSON, J. LAZIER, J. MEINCKE and P. RHINES Mechanism for Decadal Climate Variability / M. LATIF, A. GROTZNER, M. MUNNICH, E. MAIER-REIMER, S. VENZKE and T. P. BARNETTA The Climate Response to the Changing Greenhouse Gas Concentration in the Atmosphere / L. BENGTSSON Analysis of Thermohaline Feedbacks / J. MAROTZKE An Overview of Century Time-Scale Variability in the Climate System: Observations and Models / T. F. STOCKER Steady States and Variability in Oceanic Zonal Flows / D. OLBERS and C. VOLKER Spectral Methods: What They Can and Cannot Do for Climatic Time Series / M. GHIL and P. Yiou Subject Index List of Participants

Note: Zugl.: Heidelberg, Univ., Diss., 1995

Note: Table of contents: In Memoriam: J. M. Broadus. - Introduction: Sea-level Rise and Coastal Subsidence - Towards Meaningful Strategies / J. D. Milliman, B. U. Haq. - PART I: PROCESSES AND PROBLEMS. - 1 Global Sea-level Rise: Past and Future / S. C. B. Raper, T. M. L. Wigley, R. A. Warrick. - Observed Changes in Global Mean Sea Level. - Observed Changes in Global Mean Temperature. - The climate model. - Factors contributing to sea-level rise. - Temperature and Sea-Level Rise Results. - Summary and Conclusions. - Appendix: Radiative Forcing. - 2 Land Subsidence in Coastal Lowlands / Saskia Jelgersma. - Introduction. - Geological Setting. - Subsidence in Coastal Lowlands. - Methods to Control or Inhibit Induced Subsidence. - Conclusions. - 3 River-Sediment Inputs to Major Deltas / Robert H. Meade. - Introduction. - Tabulations of Discharge Data for Major Rivers. - Spatial Distributions of Sediment Sources and Sinks. - Temporal Variations in River-Sediment Discharge. - Storage of Sediment in Large River Systems. - Human Influences on River-Sediment Loads. - 4 Coastal Erosion and Rising Sea-Level / E. C. F. Bird. - Introduction. - Submerging Coastlines. - Coastline Changes. - Cliff Erosion. - Beach Erosion. - Erosion on Deltaic Coasts. - Erosion of Coastal Swamps. - Erosion of Developed Coastlines. - Conclusion. - PART II: CASE STUDIES. - 5 Land Subsidence in Bangkok during 1978-1988 / Prinya Nutalaya, R. N. Yong, Thongchai Chumnankit, Somkid Buapeng. - Introduction. - Land Subsidence Prior to 1978. - 1978 to 1988. - Effects of Land Subsidence. - Aquifer Delineation. - Source and Age of Ground Water. - Geotechnical Properties of Soils. - Mathematical Modeling to Predict Subsidence and Recharge Response. - Recommendations. - 6 Coastal Erosion in the Gulf of Thailand / S. Vongvisessomjai, R. Polsi, C. Manotham, D. Srisaengthong, S. Charulukkana. - Introduction. - Oceanographic Conditions. - Coastal Morphology. - Summary. - 7 Nature of Sediment Load in the Ganges-Brahmaputra River Systems in India / V. Subramanian, A. L. Ramanathan. - Introduction. - Description of the Basins. - Sediment and Water Discharge. - Basin Lithology. - Natural (Tectonic) and Human Impact on Sediment Load. - Erosion vs Deposition. - Nature of Sediment Load. - Conclusion. - 8 Subsidence of the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta of Bangladesh and Associated Drainage, Sedimentation and Salinity Problems / Mahmood Alam. - Introduction. - Geotectonics. - Depositional Sequence. - Subsidence of the Basin and Progradation of the Delta. - Floods and Drainage Problems. - Effects of Recent Engineering Projects. - Salinity. - Sea-Level Rise. - Conclusions. - 9 Tectonic, Eustatic and Isostatic Changes along the Indian Coast / K. R. Subrahmanya. - Introduction. - Quaternary Eustatic Changes. - Holocene Uplift and Subsidence. - Most Recent Sea-Level Changes along the Indian Coast. - Conclusions. - 10 Effect of Sea-Level Rise and Human Activity on the Yangtze Delta, China / Ren Mei-e, J. D. Milliman. - The Yangtze River and its Delta. - Sea-Level Rise and Subsidence. - Impact of a Future Sea-Level Rise and Changes in Landuse and the Yangtze River. - Concluding Statement. - 11 Rising Sea-Level and Subsidence of the Northern Nile Delta: A Case Study / Mahmoud Kh. El-Sayed. - Introduction. - The Nile Delta. - Present-Day Use of the Northern Nile Delta. - Nile Damming and its Effect. - Impact of Climate Changes and Sea-Level Rise on the Nile Delta. - Scenario Based on Present-Day Assumptions and Socio-Economic Conditions in the Northern Nile Delta. - Management of the Northern Nile Delta. - Conclusions. - 12 Land Subsidence and Sea-Level Rise: The Case of the Po Delta Region, Italy / G. Sestini. - Introduction. - Historical Evolution of the NW Adriatic Coast. - Subsidence and its Impact. - Impact of Changes to River Sediment Discharge. - Discussion. - Conclusions. - 13 The Niger Delta and Sea-Level Rise / A. Chidi Ibe. - Introduction. - Tectonic and Sedimentary Evolution. - General Geomorphology. - Coastal Processes. - Erosion Scenario. - Change in Fluvial Sediment/Water Input to the Delta. - Socio-Economic Setting. - Concluding Statements and Suggestions. - 14 Sea-Level Rise and the Stability of Barrier Islands, with special reference to the Wadden Sea / H. Postma. - Post-Glacial Evolution. - Present-Day Conditions. - Future Sea-Level Rise. - Conclusions. - 15 Subsidence, Sea-Level Rise, and Wetland Loss in the Lower Mississippi River Delta / J. T. Wells. - Introduction. - Geological Setting and History. - Sea-Level Rise and Subsidence. - Subdeltas and Wetland Loss. - The Sediment Problem. - Future Mitigation: Artifical Diversions. - PART III: STRATEGIES. - 16 Economizing Human Responses to Subsidence and Rising Sea Level / J. M. Broadus. - Introduction. - Example Assessments for Bangladesh and Egypt. - An Extension of Crude Loss Estimates. - Qualitative Considerations. - Economic Considerations in Human Responses. - Summary. - 17 Man-Made Projects and Relative Sea-Level Rise / J. G. de Ronde. - General Considerations of Impacts. - A Preliminary Study for The Netherlands. - Policy Analysis. - 18 Impact of Sea Level Rise on Flood Control in Bangkok and Vicinity / Sanga Sabhasri, Ksemsan Suwarnarat. - Introduction. - Flood Control Plans. - Impact of Upstream Agricultural Development. - Land Subsidence. - Sedimention due to the Chao Praya River. - Coastal Vulnerability: Hazards and Strategies / B. U. Haq, J. D. Milliman. - Introduction. - Impacts. - of Accelerated Sea-Level Rise on Coastal Areas. - Impacts of Sea-Level Rise. - Adaptive Strategies. - Examples of Action and Consequences of Inaction. - Concluding Statement. - List of Contributors. - Geographic Index.

Note: Contents: I INTRODUCTION. - 1 Ecosystem Response, Resistance, Resilience, and Recovery in Arctic Landscapes: Introduction / J. F. Reynolds and J. D. Tenhunen. - 1.1 Introduction. - 1.2 NRC Committee Report. - 1.3 The R4D Program. - 1.3.1 Objectives and Conceptual Framework. - 1.3.2 Program Implementation. - 1.3.3 Landscape Function. - 1.4 Summary. - References. - 2 Integrated Ecosystem Research in Northern Alaska, 1947-1994 / G. R. Shaver. - 2.1 Introduction. - 2.2 Early Days at NARL. - 2.3 The U.S. Tundra Biome Program. - 2.4 The Meade River RATE Program. - 2.5 Eagle Creek and Eagle Summit. - 2.6 The Arctic LTER Program at Toolik Lake. - 2.7 Other Studies In Alaska and Elsewhere. - 2.8 Summary and Prospects. - References. - 3 Disturbance and Recovery of Arctic Alaskan Vegetation / D. A. Walker. - 3.1 Introduction. - 3.2 Disturbance and Recovery. - 3.3Typical Disturbance and Recovery Patterns. - 3.3.1 Small Disturbed Patches. - 3.3.2 Contaminants. - 3.3.2.1 Hydrocarbon Spills. - 3.3.2.2 Seawater and Reserve-Pit Spills. - 3.3.3 Fire. - 3.3.4 Transportation Corridors. - 3.3.4.1 Bulldozed Tundra and Related Disturbances. - 3.3.4.2 Off-Road Vehicle Trails. - 3.3.4.2.1 Summer Travel. - 3.3.4.2.2 Winter Travel. - 3.3.4.3 Permanent Roads and Pads. - 3.3.4.4 Gravel Mines. - 3.3.4.5 Native Species in Revegetation of Gravel Pads and Mines. - 3.3.4.6 Road Dust. - 3.3.4.7 Roadside Impoundments. - 3.3.5 Cumulative Impacts. - 3.4 Conclusions. - References. - 4 Terrain and Vegetation of the Imnavait Creek Watershed / D. A. Walker and M. D. Walker. - 4.1 Introduction. - 4.2 Terrain. - 4.2.1 Glacial Deposits. - 4.2.2 Retransported Hillslope Deposits. - 4.2.3 Colluvial Basin Deposits. - 4.2.4 Floodplain Deposits. - 4.3 Vegetation. - 4.3.1 Flora. - 4.3.2 Vegetation Types. - 4.3.2.1 Lichen-Covered Rocks. - 4.3.2.2 Dry Heath. - 4.3.2.2.1 Exposed Sites. - 4.3.2.2.2 Snowbeds. - 4.3.2.3 Tussock Tundra. - 4.3.2.4 Riparian Areas. - 4.3.2.5 Mires. - 4.3.2.6 Beaded Ponds. - 4.4 West-Facing Toposequence. - 4.5 Terrain Sensitivity to Disturbance. - 4.6 Conclusions. - Appendix A. List of Plants for Imnavait Creek, Alaska. - References. - 5 Vegetation Structure and Aboveground Carbon and Nutrient Pools in the Imnavait Creek Watershed / S. C. Hahn, S. F. Oberbauer, R. Gebauer, N. E. Grulke, O. L. Lange, and J. D. Tenhunen. - 5.1 ntroduction. - 5.2 Description of Vegetation. - 5.3 Sampling Methods. - 5.3.1 Cover. - 5.3.2 Biomass and Nutrient Pools. - 5.4 Cover. - 5.5 Aboveground Biomass. - 5.5.1 Live Biomass. - 5.5.2 Photosynthetic Biomass. - 5.5.3 Lichen Biomass. - 5.5.4 Organic Litter. - 5.5.5 Watershed Patterns. - 5.6 Nutrient Pools. - 5.6.1 N and P in Heath Cryptogams. - 5.6.2 N and P in Communities. - 5.7 Discussion and Conclusions. - References. - II PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, HYDROLOGY, and TRANSPORT. - 6 Energy Balance and Hydrological Processes in an Arctic Watershed / L. Hinzmann, D. L. Kane, C. S. Benson, and K. R. Everett. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Radiation and Thermal Regimes. - 6.2.1 Surface Energy Balance. - 6.2.2 Snow Cover and Soil Thermal Regime. - 6.3 Hydrological Processes. - 6.3.1 Snowmelt. - 6.3.2 Plot and Basin Water Balance. - 6.3.3 Runoff and Basin Discharge. - 6.3.4 Precipitation, Evaporation, and Evapotranspiration. - 6.4 Energy Balance and Hydrology Models. - 6.4.1 Simulation of the Thermal Regime. - 6.4.2 Simulation of Snowmelt. - 6.4.3 Simulation of Catchment Runoff. - 6.5 Conclusions. - References. - 7 Shortwave Reflectance Properties of Arctic Tundra Landscapes / A. S. Hope and D. A. Stow. - 7.1 Introduction. - 7.2 Shortwave Reflectance Studies in Arctic Environments. - 7.2.1 Environmental Considerations. - 7.2.2 Radiometric Data. - 7.2.3 Image Data. - 7.3 Spectral Reflectance. - 7.3.1 Aboveground Biomass. - 7.3.2 Vegetation Composition. - 7.3.3 Landscape Patterns. - 7.3.4 Effects of Dust Deposition. - 7.4 Albedo. - 7.4.1 Undisturbed Tussock Tundra. - 7.4.2 Effects of Dust Deposition. - 7.5 Conclusions. - References. - 8 Isotopic Tracers for Investigating Hydrological Processes / L. W. Cooper, I. L. Larsen, C. Solis, J. M. Grebmeier, C. R. Olsen, D. K. Solomon, and R. B. Cook. - 8.1 Introduction. - 8.1.1 Units. - 8.1.2 Conservative vs Nonconservative Isotopes. - 8.2 Nonconservative Tracers. - 8.3 Sulfur-35. - 8.4 Oxygen-18. - 8.4.1 Oxygen-18 Content of Snowpack. - 8.4.2 Oxygen-18 Content of Imnavait Creek. - 8.4.3 Oxygen-18 Content of Soil Moisture. - 8.4.4 Covariance of Oxygen-18 and Deuterium in Watershed Compartments. - 8.4.5 Covariance of Oxygen-18 and Deuterium in Plant Water. - 8.5 Long-Lived Radioisotopes: Lead-210 and Cesium-137. - 8.5.1 Distribution of 137Cs on Tundra and in Lake Sediments. - 8.5.2 Cycling of 137Cs in Annual Berries. - 8.5.3 Distribution of 210Pb in Tundra. - 8.6 Conclusions. - References. - III NUTRIENT AND CARBON FLUXES. - 9 Surface Water Chemistry and Hydrology of a Small Arctic Drainage Basin / K. R. Everett, D. L. Kane, and L. D. Hinzman. - 9.1 Introduction. - 9.2 Watershed Instrumentation. - 9.3 Snowmelt Period. - 9.3.1 Snowmelt Hydrology. - 9.3.2 Snowmelt Chemistry . - 9.3.2.1 Overland Flow. - 9.3.2.2 Water Track Flow. - 9.3.2.3 Imnavait Creek Flow. - 9.4 Post Snowmelt Period. - 9.4.1 Atmospheric Inputs. - 9.4.1.1 Rainfall. - 9.4.1.2 Dry Deposition. - 9.4.1.3 Rime. - 9.4.2 Water Chemistry. - 9.4.2.1 Overland Flow. - 9.4.2.2 Active Layer Flow. - 9.4.2.3 Imnavait Creek Flow. - 9.5 Conclusions. - References. - 10 Nutrient Availability and Uptake by Tundra Plants / J. P. Schimel, K. Kielland, and F. S. Chapin III. - 10.1 Introduction. - 10.2 Controls on Mineralization and Nutrient Supply. - 10.2.1 Patterns of Nutrient Supply in the Soil. - 10.2.2 Patterns of Mineralization. - 10.2.3 Controls on N and P Mineralization. - 10.2.4 Controls on Decomposition and Mineralization. - 10.2.4.1 Temperature. - 10.2.4.1.1 Enzyme Activities. - 10.2.4.1.2 Microbial Activity at Low Temperatures. - 10.2.4.1.3 Freeze-Thaw Events. - 10.2.4.2 Effects of Low Oxygen on Microbial Activity and Mineralization. - 10.2.4.3 Substrate Quality. - 10.3 Fate of Available Nutrients. - 10.3.1 Microbial Nutrient Uptake and Competition with Plants. - 10.3.2 Plant Uptake. - 10.3.2.1 Soil Factors Controlling Nutrient Absorption. - 10.3.2.2 Rooting Strategies. - 10.3.2.3 Uptake Characteristics of Tundra Plants. - 10.3.2.4 Retranslocation vs Current Uptake. - 10.4 Disturbances. - 10.4.1 Vehicle Tracks. - 10.4.2 Road Dust. - 10.4.3 Gray Water. - 10.4.4 Climate Change. - References. - 11 Landscape Patterns of Carbon Dioxide Exchange in Tundra Ecosytems / S. F. Oberbauer, W. Cheng, C. T. Gillespie, B. Ostendorf, A. Sala, R. Gebauer, R. A. Virginia, and J. D. Tenhunen. - 11.1 Introduction. - 11.2 Methods. - 11.2.1 Community Types. - 11.2.2 Leaf Photosynthesis. - 11.2.3 Ecosystem Efflux. - 11.2.4 Ecosystem Net CO2 Exchange. - 11.3 CO2 Uptake. - 11.3.1 Factors Affecting CO2 Uptake. - 11.3.1.1 Light. - 11.3.1.2 Temperature. - 11.3.1.3 Phenology. - 11.3.1.4 Water Availability. - 11.3.1.5 Nutrition. - 11.3.2 Landscape Patterns in Leaf Photosynthesis. - 11.4 CO2 Efflux. - 11.4.1 Factors Affecting CO2 Efflux. - 11.4.1.1 Live Plant Biomass. - 11.4.1.2 Soil Quality. - 11.4.1.3 Thaw Depth and Depth to Water Table. - 11.4.1.4 Soil Moisture. - 11.4.1.5 Soil Temperature. - 11.4.2 Landscape Patterns of CO2 Efflux. - 11.4.3 Daily and Seasonal Patterns of CO2 Efflux. - 11.4.4 Dust Deposition Effects on CO2 Efflux. - 11.5 Landscape Patterns in Net CO2 Exchange. - 11.6 Conclusions. - References. - 12 Control of Tundra Methane Emission by Microbial Oxidation / S. C. Whalen, W. S. Reeburgh, and C. E. Reimers. - 12.1 Introduction. - 12.2 Sampling Procedure. - 12.3 Results and Discussion. - 12.3.1 Methane Flux and Environmental Variables in Tundra and Taiga. - 12.3.2 Physiology, Controls, and Potential for Microbial CH4 Oxidation. - 12.3.3 Methane Oxidation by Tundra Soils in a Warmer Climate. - 12.4 Conclusions. - References. - 13 Dynamics of Dissolved and Particulate Car

Note: D. A. Nieuwland and P. G. Buchanan: Introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:1-3, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.01 --- Seismic Interpretation --- T. R. Horscroft and J. E. Bain: Validation of seismic data processing and interpretation with integration of gravity and magnetic data / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:5-9, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.02 --- G. Pickering, J. M. Bull, and D. J. Sanderson: Scaling of fault displacements and implications for the estimation of sub-seismic strain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:11-26, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.03 --- J. J. Walsh, J. Watterson, C. Childs, and A. Nicol: Ductile strain effects in the analysis of seismic interpretations of normal fault systems / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:27-40, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.04 --- Palinspastic Reconstruction and Forward Modelling --- James G. Buchanan: The application of cross-section construction and validation within exploration and production: a discussion / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:41-50, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.05 --- Mike P. Coward: Balancing sections through inverted basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:51-77, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.06 --- Richard H. Groshong, Jr: Construction and validation of extensional cross sections using lost area and strain, with application to the Rhine Graben / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:79-87, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.07 --- T. A. Hauge and G. G. Gray: A critique of techniques for modelling normal-fault and rollover geometries / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:89-97, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.08 --- Kevin C. Hill and Gareth T. Cooper: A strategy for palinspastic restoration of inverted basins: thermal and structural analyses in SE Australia / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:99-115, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.09 --- C. K. Morley: Discussion of potential errors in fault heave methods for extension estimates in rifts, with particular reference to fractal fault populations and inherited fabrics / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:117-134, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.10 --- A. G. Skuce: Forward modelling of compaction above normal faults: an example from the Sirte Basin, Libya / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:135-146, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.11 --- Mark G. Rowan: Benefits and limitations of section restoration in areas of extensional salt tectonics: an example from offshore Louisiana / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:147-161, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.12 --- Fault Populations and Geometric Analyses --- Joseph A. Cartwright, Chris Mansfield, and Bruce Trudgill: The growth of normal faults by segment linkage / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:163-177, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.13 --- Hugh G. Kerr and Nicky White: Kinematic modelling of normal fault geometries using inverse theory / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:179-188, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.14 --- D. T. Needham, G. Yielding, and B. Freeman: Analysis of fault geometry and displacement patterns / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:189-199, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.15 --- Analogue Modelling --- K. R. McClay: Recent advances in analogue modelling: uses in section interpretation and validation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:201-225, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.16 --- Mark Verschuren, Dick Nieuwland, and Jim Gast: Multiple detachment levels in thrust tectonics: Sandbox experiments and palinspastic reconstruction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:227-234, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.17 --- Mathematical Modelling --- J. D. Barnichon and R. Charlier: Finite element modelling of the competition between shear bands in the early stages of thrusting: Strain localization analysis and constitutive law influence / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:235-250, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.18 --- F. Beekman, J. M. Bull, S. Cloetingh, and R. A. Scrutton: Crustal fault reactivation facilitating lithospheric folding/buckling in the central Indian Ocean / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:251-263, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.19 --- Stuart Hardy, Josep Poblet, Ken McClay, and Dave Waltham: Mathematical modelling of growth strata associated with fault-related fold structures / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:265-282, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.20 --- M. Ter Voorde and S. Cloetingh: Numerical modelling of extension in faulted crust: effects of localized and regional deformation on basin stratigraphy / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:283-296, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.21 --- J. D. Van Wees, S. Cloetingh, and G. de Vicente: The role of pre-existing faults in basin evolution: constraints from 2D finite element and 3D flexure models / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:297-320, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.22 --- Regional Analyses and Remote Sensing --- M. W. Insley, F. X. Murphy, D. Naylor, and M. Critchley: The use of satellite imagery in the validation and verification of structural interpretations for hydrocarbon exploration in Pakistan and Yemen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:321-343, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.23 --- Jonathan P. Turner: Gravity-driven nappes and their relation to palaeobathymetry: examples from West Africa and Cardigan Bay, UK / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 99:345-362, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.099.01.24

Note: Ian Davison, Ian Alsop, and Derek Blundell: Salt tectonics: some aspects of deformation mechanics / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:1-10, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.01 --- Outcrop, Mine and Borehole Studies --- Stanisław Burliga: Kinematics within the Kłodawa salt diapir, central Poland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:11-21, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.02 --- Ian Davison, Dan Bosence, G. Ian Alsop, and Mohammed H. Al-Aawah: Deformation and sedimentation around active Miocene salt diapirs on the Tihama Plain, northwest Yemen / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:23-39, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.03 --- Amos Frumkin: Uplift rate relative to base-levels of a salt diapir (Dead Sea Basin, Israel) as indicated by cave levels / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:41-47, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.04 --- Manuel Hoyos, Miguel Doblas, Sergio Sánchez-Moral, Juan Carlos Cañaveras, Salvador Ordoñez, Carmen Sesé, Enrique Sanz, and Vicente Mahecha: Hydration diapirism: a climate-related initiation of evaporite mounds in two continental Neogene basins of central Spain / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:49-63, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.05 --- M. Sans, A. L. Sánchez, and P. Santanach: Internal structure of a detachment horizon in the most external part of the Pyrenean fold and thrust belt (northern Spain) / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:65-76, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.06 --- Denys B. Smith: Deformation in the late Permian Boulby Halite (EZ3Na) in Teesside, NE England / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:77-87, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.07 --- C. J. Talbot and M. Alavi: The past of a future syntaxis across the Zagros / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:89-109, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.08 --- Regional Case Studies --- Peter G. Buchanan, Daniel J. Bishop, and David N. Hood: Development of salt-related structures in the Central North Sea: results from section balancing / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:111-128, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.09 --- H. S. Edgell: Salt tectonism in the Persian Gulf Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:129-151, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.10 --- Fivos Spathopoulos: An insight on salt tectonics in the Angola Basin, South Atlantic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:153-174, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.11 --- S. A. Stewart, M. J. Harvey, S. C. Otto, and P. J. Weston: Influence of salt on fault geometry: examples from the UK salt basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:175-202, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.12 --- Max Zirngast: The development of the Gorleben salt dome (northwest Germany) based on quantitative analysis of peripheral sinks / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:203-226, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.13 --- Physical Modelling --- G. Ian Alsop: Physical modelling of fold and fracture geometries associated with salt diapirism / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:227-241, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.14 --- H. Koyi: Salt flow by aggrading and prograding overburdens / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:243-258, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.15 --- P. Szatmari, M. C. M. Guerra, and M. A. Pequeno: Genesis of large counter-regional normal fault by flow of Cretaceous salt in the South Atlantic Santos Basin, Brazil / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:259-264, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.16 --- Numerical and Geophysical Modelling --- Harvey A. Cohen and Stuart Hardy: Numerical modelling of stratal architectures resulting from differential loading of a mobile substrate / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:265-273, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.17 --- K. Petersen and I. Lerche: Temperature dependence of thermal anomalies near evolving salt structures: importance for reducing exploration risk / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:275-290, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.18 --- Alexei N. B. Poliakov, Yuri Yu. Podladchikov, Ethan Ch. Dawson, and Christopher J. Talbot: Salt diapirism with simultaneous brittle faulting and viscous flow / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 100:291-302, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.100.01.19