ALBERT

Note: Contents: Introduction. - Material and methods. - Characterization of subjects and environmental conditions. - Experimental procedure. - Evaluation of experiments. - Results. - Investigation of protein metabolism. - Investigation of energy metabolism. - Discussion. - Acknowledgements. - References.

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Sample analysis Continuous multi-year ridge core Tested multi-year ridge ice samples Tested multi-year floe ice samples Ice description Uniaxial constant-strain-rate compression tests Uniaxial constant-load compression tests Uniaxial constant-strain-rate tension tests Triaxial constant-strain-rate compression test Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Multi-year ridge sample data Appendix B: Multi-year floe sample data

Note: Contents Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Sea ice growth and structure Model sea ice Brine salinity Seawater and model brine conductivity Complex dielectric constant of brine Electromagnetic properties of model sea ice at 100 MHz Electromagnetic properties of model sea ice at 100 and 500 MHz and 1 and 5 GHz Example of impulse radar sea ice profiling results Example of frequency-domain electromagnetic sea ice thickness sounding Concluding remarks Literature cited

Note: In polnischer Sprache

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Background Analysis of historical data Field observations Controlled release tests January 1986 ice breakup Connecticut River ice control Minimizing ice production Hydrothermal melting Controlled ice breakup Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Detailed ice breakup chronology

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Nomenclature Preface Introduction Basic equations Two-zone problems Linear unfrozen water function Quadratic unfrozen water function Three-zone problems Linear unfrozen water function Quadratic unfrozen water function Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Derivation of the mushy zone equation Appendix B: Solution of the two-zone problem with a linear t and variable thermal properties

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Data sources Study location and icing conditions Icing data Antenna reflection data Data preparation Analyses Conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Structure Composition Mechanical properties Strength Elastic constants The temperature-salinity model Temperature profiles Salinity profiles Composite plate properties Results Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Details of the equations for ice surface temperature and conductive heat flux Appendix B: Calculated profile and bulk properties of an ice sheet of varying thickness Appendix C: Calculated profile and bulk properties of 30- and 91-cm-thick ice sheets

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Background Purpose Scope Literature review Fundamentals of freeze separation Applications of freeze separation technology Conclusions Concept development Background Site visits Final concept Dewaterability studies Sludge characteristics Specific resistance and capillary suction time Filtrate quality Drainage tests Drying tests Development of design models Basic energy balance relationship Development of freezing model Development of thawing model Other models Evaluation of sludge input parameters Frozen sludge density, ϱf Layer thickness, ϵ Settled solids fraction, θ Thermal conductivities, Kfs, Kss Latent heat of fusion, L Absorptance, α Freezing point, Tf Summary Evaluation of climatic input parameters Ambient air temperatures, Taf, Tat Insolation, I Convection coefficient, hc Use of models for design Freezing design depth Thawing design depth Validation Example Conclusions anid recommendations Literature cited Appendix A: Sludge freezing at the Salem, New Hampshire, Wastewater Treatment Plant

Note: Contents: Preface. - Part I German oceanographic institutions. - Part II German oceanographic expeditions. - Part III German oceanographers. - References.

Note: Contents: Abstract Preface Introduction Sampling procedure Analytical techniques Salinities Crystal structure Results Salinity Crystal structure Brine layer spacing Incidental temperatures Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Vertical and horizontal thin section photographs of sea ice from various sites

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Test sections and materials Specimen preparation Test soils Asphalt concrete Laboratory testing Soil testing Waveforms of applied stress Asphalt concrete Data reduction and analysis Soil Asphalt concrete Results and discussion General Resilient modulus Summary Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Soil moisture tension versus water content for several test soils Appendix B: Tabulated results for all tests on frozen and thawed soils

Note: Investigation of possibilities and requirements of synthetic aperture radar for snow and glacier applications in comparison and in combination with other sensors. Presents results on dielectric properties and on backscattering and emission signatures of snow and ice. Snow and glacier monitoring capabilities of satellite sensors in optical and microwave regions are compared for key applications. Includes appendix by B. Reber on snow structure and texture.

Note: Kartenbeilage (Plate 1) unter dem Titel: Complete Bouguer anomaly map of the Henry Mountains and vicinity, Utah , Kartenbeilage (Plate 2) unter dem Titel: Complete Bouger anomaly map of the Solitario and Vicinity, Texas , Kartenbeilage (Plate 3) unter dem Titel: Complete Bouguer gravity anomaly map of the Sundance 15' quadrangle, Wyoming , Kartenbeilage (Plate 4) unter dem Titel: Complete Bouguer anomaly map of the central part of the Little Belt Mountains, Montana , Kartenbeilage (Plate 5) unter dem Titel: Complete Bouguer anomaly map of the Abajo Mountains and vicinity, Utah , Kartenbeilage (Plate 6) unter dem Titel: Nonlinear finite element models of laccoliths

Note: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.

Note: Contents: Papaveraceae. - 1. Glaucium Mill. - 2. Papaver L. - 3. Hypecoum L. - 4. Corydalis Vent. - 5. Fumaria L. - Capparidaceae. - 1. Capparis L. - Cruciferae. - 1. Spirorrhynchus Kar. et Kir. - 2. Tauscheria Fisch. ex. DC. - 3. Isatis L. - 4. Pachypterygium Bge. - 5. Pugionium Gaertn. - 6. Cardaria Desv. - 7. Litwinowia Woron. - 8. Goldbachia DC. - 9. Hymenolobus Nutt. ex Torr. et Gray. - 10. Thlaspi L. - 11. Lepidium L. - 12. Berteroa DC. - 13. Microstigma Trautv. - 14. Lachnoloma Bge. - 15. Euclidium R. Br. - 16. Alyssum L. - 17. Ptilotrichum C. A. Mey. - 18. Camelina Crantz. - 19. Draba L. - 20. Megacarpaea DC. - 21. Capsella Medic. - 22. Rorippa Scop. - 23. Diptychocarpus Trautv. - 24. Chorispora R. Br. ex DC. - 25. Thellungiella O E. Schluz. - 26. Conringia Heist. ex Fabr. - 27. Turritis L. - 28. Synstemon Botsch. - 29. Dontostemon Andrz. ex C. A. Mey. - 30. Dimorphostemon Kitag. - 31. Clausia Korn.-Tr. - 32. Sterigmostemum M. B. - 33. Leptaleum DC. - 34. Tetracme Bge. - 35. Matthiola R. Br. - 36. Erysimum L. - 37. Syrenia Andrz. ex Bess. - 38. Torularia O. E. Schulz. - 39. Malcolmia R. Br. - 40. Arabidopsis (DC.) Heynh. - 41. Sisymbrium L. - 42. Eruca Mill. - 43. Descurainia Webb et Berth. - Crassulaceae. - 1. Orostachys Fisch. - 2. Sedum L. - Saxifragaceae. - 1. Parnassia L. - 2. Ribes L. - Rosaceae. - I. Spiraeoideae Agardh. - 1. Spiraea L. - II. Maloideae Weber. - 1. Cotoneaster B. Ehrhart. - 2. Crataegus L. - 3. Pyrus L. - 4. Malus Mill. - 5. Cydonia Mill. - III. Rosoideae Focke. - 1. Rosa L. - 2. Potaninia Maxim. - 3. Agrimonia L. - 4. Sanguisorba L. - 5. Rubus L. - 6. Geum L. - 7. Fragaria L. - 8. Potentilla L. - 9. Comarum L. - 10. Sibbalida L. - 11. Chamaerhodos Bge. - IV. Prunoideae Focke. - 1. Prinsepia Royle. - 2. Prunus L. - Leguminosae. - I. Mimosoideae Taub. - 1. Albizzia Durazz. - II. Caesalpinioideae Taub. - 1. Gleditsia L. - III. Papilionatae Taub. - 1. Eremosparton Fisch. et Mey. - 2. Sophora L. - 3. Ammodendron Fisch. - 4. Ammopiptanthus Cheng f. - 5. Thermopsis R. Br. - 6. Oronis L. - 7. Crotalaria L. - 8. Alhagi Gagneb. - 9. Lotus L. - 10. Kummerowia Schindl. - 11. Lespedeza Michx. - 12. Campylotropis Bge. - 13. Glycine Willd. - 14. Trifolium L. - 15. Melilotus Adans. - 16. Trigonella L. - 17. Melissitus Medic. - 18. Medicago L. - 19. Halimodendron Fisch. - 20. Vicia L. - 21. Lathyrus L. - 22. Amorpha L. - 23. Indigofera L. - 24. Robinia L. - 25. Swainsonia Salisb. (Sphaerophysa DC.). - 26. Caragana Fabr. - 27. Calophaca Fisch. - 28. Chesneya Lindl. - 29. Glycyrrhiza L. - 30. Hedysarum L. - 31. Oxytropis DC. - 32. Astragalus L. - 33. Gueldenstaedtia Fisch. (Amblytropis Kitag.). - Geraniaceae. - 1. Erodium L'Herit. - 2. Geranium L. - 3. Bieberstenia Steph. ex. Fisch. - Linaceae. - 1. Linum L. - Zygophyllaceae. - 1. Nitraria L. - 2. Peganum L. - 3. Zygophyllum L. - 4. Tribulus L. - 5. Tetraena Maxim. - Rutaceae. - 1. Phellodendron Rupr. - 2. Haplophyllum Adr. Juss. - Simaroubaceae. - 1. Ailanthus Desf. - Polygalaceae. - 1. Polygala L. - Euphorbiaceae. - 1. Chrozophora Adr. Juss. - 2. Speranskia Baill. - 3. Securinega Comm. ex Adr. Juss. - 4. Euphorbia L. - Callitrichaceae. - 1. Callitriche L. - Anacardiaceae. - 1. Pistacia L. - Celastraceae. - 1. Euonymus L. - 2. Celastrus L. - Aceraceae. - 1. Acer L. - Sapindaceae. - 1. Xanthoceras Bge. - 2. Koelreuteria Laxm. - Rhamnaceae. - 1. Rhamnus L. - 2. Ziziphus Mill. - Vitaceae. - 1. Vitis L. - 2. Ampelopsis Michx. - Tiliaceae. - 1. Tilia L. - Malvaceae. - 1. Malva L. - 2. Althaea L. - 3. Hibiscus L. - Guttiferae. - 1. Hypericum L. - Frankeniaceae. - 1. Frankenia L. - Tamaricadeae. - 1. Reamuria L. (Hololachne Ehrenb.). - 2. Tamarix L. - 3. Myricaria Desv. - Cistaceae. - 1. Helianthemum Mill. - Violaceae. - 1. Viola L. - Thymelaeacaae. - 1. Diarthron Turcz. - 2. Stellera L. - 3. Wikstroemia Endl. - Elaeagnaceae. - 1. Elaeagnus L. - 2. Hippophaë L. - Lythraceae. - Lythrum L. - Trapaceae. - 1. Trapa L. - Onagraceae. - 1. Epilobium L. - Haloragaceae. - 1. Myriophyllum L. - Hippuridaceae. - Hippuris L. - Cynomoriaceae. - 1. Cynomorium L. - Umbelliferae. - 1. Daucus L. - 2. Foeniculum Mill. - 3. Bupleurum L. - 4. Sium L. - 5. Aegopodium L. - 6. Sphallerocarpus Bess. ex. DC. - 7. Heracleum L. - 8. Ferula L. - 9. Seseli L. - 10. Schumannia Kuntze. - 11. Libanotis Hill. - 12. Saposhnikovia Schisck. - 13. Cicuta L. - 14. Oenanthe L. - 15. Cenolophium Koch. - 16. Carum L. - 17. Cnidium Cuss. - 18. Soranthus Ledeb. - 19. Archangelica N. M. Wolf. - Addenda Diagnoses Taxorum Novarum. , Titel und Text in chines. Schr. , Nomenclature also in Latin.

Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - Members of Permanent Working Groups and Groups of Specialists of SCAR. - Introduction. - Stations. - I. Record of Activities (past and ongoing), April 1987 - October 1988. - II. Planned Activities, October 1988 - October 1989. - References. - Addenda to Former Reports. - Index of Activities.

Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - Members of Permanent Working Groups and Groups of Specialists of SCAR. - Introduction. - Stations. - I. Record of Activities (past and ongoing), April 1986 - October 1987. - II. Planned Activities, October 1987 - October 1988. - References. - Addenda to Former Reports. - Index of Activities.

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Review of previous work Specimen preparation Material Molding Testing procedure and apparatus Test results Definition of strain and stress Definition of creep failure Definition of failure in constant-strain-rate tests Definition of initial yield strength Determination of initial tangent modulus and 50% peak strength modulus Creep behavior General nature of the creep process and the failure mode Minimum creep rate Time to creep failure Relationship between t, and tm Creep failure strain and failure criterion Creep model and prediction of creep strain Strength behavior General stress-strain behavior and failure mode Peak compressive strength Initial yield strength Failure strain Initial yield strain Initial tangent modulus 50% peak strength modulus Correspondence between constant-stress tests and constant-strain-rate tests Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Unfrozen water content data Appendix B: Physical properties of samples tested

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Magnetic induction conductivity method Site description and survey methods Cross section field data and modeling results X6 X3A X4 Conclusions and recommendations Literature cited Appendix A: Discussion of errors Appendix B: Modeling data

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Soil variable ø SWC and SFC similarity Mathematical representation of SWC and SFC data NMR measurement of unfrozen water content Characterization of SWC Discussion Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Soil freezing curve data Appendix B: Error analysis Appendix C: Soil water curve data

Note: CONTENTS Preface Introduction Sea ice structure and classification Logistics and field operations Analytical techniques Crystalline structure Fluorescence Results Salinity Crystalline structure Fluorescence Description of selected floes Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Floe descriptions

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Testing Material Specimen preparation Testing procedure and apparatus Results Discussion Peak tensile strength, σm Failure tensile strain, ϵf Initial tangent modulus and 50% peak strength modulus Discussion of test techniques Conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Physical properties of Fairbanks silt specimens Appendix B: Unfrozen water content data of Fairbanks silt with three typical water contents

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Mathematical analysis Constant surface temperature Constant surface heat flux Comparison with exact solution Alternative method Conclusions and comments Literature cited Appendix A: Derivation of equation 25 Appendix B: Derivations of equations 37 and 40 Appendix C: Derivation of equations 37a and 40

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Sample analysis Continuous multi-year ridge core Tested multi-year ridge ice samples Unconfined constant-strain-rate compression tests Confined constant-strain-rate compression tests Uniaxial constant-strain-rate tension tests Discussion Conclusion Literature cited Appendix A: Multi-year ridge sample data

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Experimental setup and procedure Experimental results Discussion and conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction General considerations Ice properties Modulus, E Characteristic length, Ic Flexural strength, σf Com pressive strength, σc Shear strength, σs Poisson's ratio, ϑ Fracture toughness, Kic Density, ρi Ice-hull friction factor, fi Model ice Synthetic ice Columnar saline ice Columnar carbamide ice Fine-grained ice EG/AD/S model ice Model test procedures Ice growth and monitoring EHP tests SHP test Test data analysis--comparison with full scale Analysis of test results Comparison with full-scale data Analytical and empirical predictors Empirical predictors Analytical and semi-analytical schemes Current research efforts in ice modeling International cooperative research Ice testing CRREL research on ship-ice interaction Novel icebreaking bow designs Conclusions and final remarks Literature cited

Note: Contents Report from the Director Research overviews Sea ice studies Glacier geophysics Remote sensing Northern and social affairs Library and information service Aquisitions Archives and museum Teaching, lectures and colloquia International activities Research and visiting scholars Friends of the Polar Institute Gino Watkins Memorial Fund Research Abstracts Sea ice Glacier geophysics Social sciences Institute staff Publications

Note: 1. Osnovnye naučnye dostiženija v oblasti issledovanija kosmosa za poslednie gody i perspektiva do 2000 goda / V. M. Balebanov 2. Kosmičeskoe Materialovedenie / Ju. A. Osip'jan, Č. Barta, R. Galonzka, R. Kul', L. Fal'kon 3. 20 let issledovanija v oblasti geliofiziki i astrofiziki v programme interkosmos / B. Val'niček 4. Daetsja kratkija obzor suščectvujuščich orbital'nych stancija rassmatrivajutsja tendencii razvitija / Ju. P. Semenov, L. A. Gorškov 5. Meždunarodnye pilotiruemye polety po programme "Interkosmos" / P. I. Klimuk, Ju. A. Gagarina 6. Summary of the twenty-year cooperation and the prospects of studies on space physics within the framework of the Intercosmos Program 7. Issledovanija na biosputnikach / S. Baran'ski, K. Gecht, E. A. Il'in, L. Macho 8. Meteorology : Intercosmos 1967-1987 9. Utilizing data obtained by remote sensing of the earth / N. A. Armand, G. Ganzorig, J. Kolarzh, K. Marek, B. Nej, L. Ortega, To Kuang Tkhing 10. Indian Space Programme and the cooperation with Intercosmos / u. R. Rao, Y. S. Rajan 11. Short summary of the most important scientific-methodological and research activities in the field of remote sensing of the Earth , within the framework of the Intercosmos Program in the years 1975-1987 12. Razvitie eksperimental'noi techniki distancionnogo zondi-rovanija zemli / R. Joachim, E. Bach, A. Gšvindt, D. Mišev, Ja. L. Ziman 13. Ispol'zovanie sputnikovoj informacii v prognoze pogody / A. Burcev, G. Major, V. Šarov

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Measurements Spectra u and w velocity spectra Temperature and humidity spectra Inertial-dissipation estimates Cospectra u-w cospectra w-t and w-q cospectra t-q cospectra Refractive index spectra Conclusions Literature cited

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Analytical studies on the onset of convection in a horizontal water layer Experimental studies on the onset of convection in a circular horizontal melt layer Temperature structure and heat transfer In a horizontal layer In a circular horizontal melt layer pHeat transfer studies in nonplanar geometries Forced convective heat transfer over a melting surface Discussion and conclusions Onset of convection Temperature structure and natural convective heat transfer Laminar forced convective heat transfer Literature cited

Note: The Dahlem Konferenzen Introduction Isolation of Humic Substances from Soils and Sediments A Critical Evaluation of the Use of Macroporous Resins for the Isolation of Aquatic Humic Substances Isolation of Soil and Aquatic Humic Substances Polymerization of Humic Stubstances in Natural Environments Selective Degradation of Plant Biomolecules Generation of Model Chemical Precursors Generation in Controlled Model Ecosystems Genesis Evolution of Structural Models from Consideration of Physical and Chemical Properties Critical Comparison of Structural Implications from Degradative and Nondegradative Approaches The Characterization and Validity of Structural Hypotheses; Binding and Transport Metals by Humic Materials Interaction of Humic Substances with Biota Environmental Photoprocesses Involving Natural Organic Matter Sedimentology of Organic Matter Environmental Reactions and Functions List of Participants with Fields of Research Subject Index Author Index

Note: Table of Contents List of figures, tables, appendices Introduction Methods Locations of the transects Site factors Soil Chemical properties Soil pH Cations NO3 Total P and SO4 Vegetation sampling Results Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements References Figures Tables Appendices

Note: Contents: 1 Basic concepts ; 2 Cost functions and the theory of the firm ; 3 Elasticity, Efficiency and the theory of the firm ; 4 The Cobb-Douglas function ; 5 The CES function ; 6 The translog function ; 7 Technological progress ; 8 From firms to industry: the Johansen Production Model ; 9 Empirical work on production functions ; Bibliography ; Index

Note: Contents: A reader's guide to the Antarctic / James H. W. Hain. - Introduction: The callenge of Antarctic Science / David J. Drewry. - The Antarctic Treaty. - The Antarctic Treaty System / Lee A. Kimball. - The Antarctic Mineral Resources Negotiations / R. Tucker Scully. - The Antarctic Legal Regime and the Law of the Sea / Christopher C. Joyner. - Antarctica: Is there any oil and natural gas? / David H. Elliot. - The Southern Ocean and global climate / Arnold L. Gordon. - The Antarctic Ozone Hole / Mario J. Molina. - The Antarctic Circumpolar current / Thomas Whitworth III. - Antarctic Marine Living Resources / Kenneth Sherman, and Alan F. Ryan. - Whales / Douglas G. Chapman. - Seals / Donald B. Siniff. - The BIOMASS Program / Sayed Z. El-Sayed. - Antarctic Logistics / Alfred N. Fowler. - The Soviet Antarctic Program / Lawson W. Brigham. - The growth of Antarctic Tourism / Paul Dudley Hart. - Protecting the Antarctic Environment / Gerald S. Schatz. - Environmental Threats in Antarctica / Paul S. Bogart. - Letters. - Book reviews.

Note: Contents: Preface. - Foreword. - Subject sections. - General articles. - Instruments and methods. - Theory of radio echo-sounding. - Applications to land ice. - Applications to floating ice. - Ancillary methods and observations. - Popular articles. - Theses and abstracts of theses.

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Part I - Structural properties Introduction Experimental setup Analytical techniques Results and discussion 1983-84 experiments 1984-85 experiments Conclusions and recommendations Part Il - Microwave properties Introduction Measurement techniques Results 1983-84 experiments 1984-85 experiments 1984-85 in-situ experiments Discussion Comparison of data Analytical modeling Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Dielectric mixing model of sea ice

Note: CONTENTS Preface Preface to the Second Edition Introduction 1 Onset of Turbulence Part One - Classical Concepts in Turbulence Modeling Chapter I. Turbulent Flow 1. Equations of Fluid Dynamics and Their Consequences 1.1 Reynolds' Averaging Technique 1.2 Equations of Fluid Dynamics 1.3 Equation of Kinetic Energy 1.4 Equation of Heat Conduction 2. Reynolds' Stresses 2.1 Physical and Geometrical Interpretation of Reynolds' Stresses 2.2 Eddies and Eddy Viscosity 2.3 Poiseuille and Couette Flow 3. Length Theory 3.1 Prandtl's Mixing Length Theory 3.2 Mixing Length in Taylor's Sense 3.3 Betz's Interpretation of von Karman's Similarity Hypothesis 4. Universal Velocity Distribution Law 4.1 Prandtl's Approach 4.2 von Karman's Approach 4.3 Turbulent Pipe Flow with Porous Wall 5. The Turbulent Boundary Layer 5.1 Turbulent Flow Over a Solid Surface 5.2 Law of the Wall in Turbulent Channel Flow 5.3 Velocity Distribution in Transient Region of a Moving Viscous Turbulent Flow 5.4 A New Approach to the Turbulent Boundary Layer Theory Using Lumley's Extremum Principle Part Two - Statistical Theories in Turbulence Chapter II. Fundamental Concepts 6. Stochastic Processes 6.1 General Remarks 6.2 Fundamental Concepts in Probability 6.3 Random Variables and Stochastic Processes 6.4 Weakly Stationary Processes 6.5 A Simple Formulation of the Covariance and Variance for Incompressible Flow 6.6 The Correlation and Spectral Tensors in Turbulence 6.7 Theory of Invariants 6.8 The Correlation of Derivatives of the Velocity Components 7. Propagation of Correlations in Isotropic Incompressible Turbulent Flow 7.1 Equations of Motion 7.2 Vorticity Correlation and Vorticity Spectrum 7.3 Energy Spectrum Function 7.4 Three-Dimensional Spectrum Function Chapter III. Basic Theories 8. Kolmogoroff's Theories of Locally Isotropic Turbulence 8.1 Local Homogeneity and Local Isotropy 8.2 The First and the Second Moments of Quantities w-j(x-j) 8.3 Hypotheses of Similarity 8.4 Propagation of Correlations in Locally Isotropic Flow 8.5 Remarks Concerning Kolmogoroff1s Theory 9. Heisenberg's Theory of Turbulence 9.1 The Dynamical Equation for the Energy Spectrum 9.2 Heisenberg's Mechanism of Energy Transfer 9.3 von Weiszacker's Form of the Spectrum 9.4 Objections to Heisenberg's Theory 10. Kraichnan's Theory of Turbulence 10.1 Burgers' Equation in Frequency Space 10.2 The Impulse Response Function 10.3 The Direct Interaction Approximation 10.4 Third Order Moments 10.5 Determination of Green's Function 10.6 Summary of Results of Burgers' Equation in Kraichnan's Sense 11. Application of Kraichnan's Method to Turbulent Flow 11.1 Derivation of Navier-Stokes Equation in Fourier Space 11.2 Impulse Response, Function for Full Turbulent Representation 11.3 Formal Statement by Direct-Interaction Procedure 11.4 Application of the Direct-Interaction Approximation 11.5 Averaged Green's Function for the Navier-Stokes Equations 12. Hopf's Theory of Turbulence 12.1 Formulation of the Problem in Phase Space and the Characteristic Functional 12.2 The Functional Differential Equation for Phase Motion 12.3 Derivation of the ϕ-Equation 12.4 Elimination of Pressure Functional π from the ϕ-Equation 12.5 Forms of the Correlation for n=l and n=2 Chapter IV. Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence 13. Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence by Means of a Characteristic Functional 13.1 Formulation of the Problem in Phase Space 13.2 ϕ-Equations in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence 13.3 Correlation Equations 14. Wave-Number Space 14.1 Transformation to Wave-Number Space 14.2 The Spectrum Equations and Additional Conservation Laws 14.3 Special Case of Isotropic Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence 15. Stationary Solution for ϕ-Equations 15.1 Stationary Solution for the Case λ=ν=0 15.2 Solution to the ϕ-Equations for Final Stages of Decay 16. Energy Spectrin 16.1 Energy Spectrum in the Equilibrium Range 16.2 Extension of Heisenberg's Theory in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence 17. Temperature Dispersion in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence 17.1 Turbulent Dispersion 17.2 Formulation of the Problem 17.3 Universal Equilibrium 18. Temperature Spectrum for Small and Large Joule Heat Eddies 18.1 Small Joule Heat Eddies 18.2 Large Joule Heat Eddies 19. The Temperature Spectrum for the Joule Heat Eddies of Various Sizes 19.1 The Viscous Dissipation Process 19.2 The Joule Heat Model 19.3 The Calculation of the Temperature Spectrum 19.4 Effect of Viscous Dissipation on the Temperature Distribution 20. Thomas' Numerical Experiments 20.1 Turbulent Dynamo Competing Processes 20.2 Nondissipative Model System λ=ν=0 20.3 Numerical Experiments 21. Some Further Improvements of Dispersion Theory in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence 21.1 Remarks on the Turbulent Dispersion of Temperature for Rm〉〉R〉〉l 21.2 Heat Equation for Conductive Cut-Off Wave Number for H(k) 21.3 Solution of the Heat Equation 22. A Solution for the Joule-Heat Source Term 22.1 Physical Introduciton 22.2 Form of the Source Function and Particular Solution 22.3 The Joule Heating Spectrum 22.4 The Range of Values α1, α2, α3, σ and Asymptotic Solution of τ-integral 22.5 Evolution of τ-Integral Eq. (22.29) 23. Results for the θ2 Spectrum with Joule Heating 23.1 The Asymptotic Behavior of the Solutions 23.2 The Most Probable Form of the θ2-Spectrum Chapter V. Contemporary Turbulence 24. Recent Developments in Turbulence Through Use of Experimental Mathematics - Attractor Theory 24.1 Things That Change Suddenly 24.2 Order in the Chaos 24.3 Attractor Theory in Turbulent Channel Flows 25. Recent Developments in Experimental Turbulence 25.1 Coherent Structure of Turbulent Shear Flows Appendices Appendix A -- Derivation of Correlation Equations (13.51-13.62) Appendix B -- Derivation of Spectrum Equations (14.45-14.46) Appendix C -- Fourier Transforms (18.10) Appendix D -- The Time Variation of Eq. (18.3) Appendix E -- The Time Variation of Eq. (18.19) Bibliography Author Index Subject Index

Note: In polnischer Sprache

Note: Dissertation, Delft, Technische Universität Delft, 1988 , Mit niederländischer Zusammenfassung

Note: Zusammenfassung in Englisch, Französisch, Spanisch und Russisch

Note: Chapter 1. Thermodynamic Analysis of Phase Equilibria in Simple Mineral Systems by Robert C. Newton, p. 1 - 34 Chapter 2. Models of Crystalline solutions by Alexandra Navrotsky, p. 35 - 70 Chapter 3. Thermodynamics of Multicomponent Systems Containing Several Solid Solutions by Bernard J. Wood, p. 71 - 96 Chapter 4. Thermodynamic Model for Aqueous Solutions of Liquid-like Density by Kenneth S. Pitzer, p. 97 - 142 Chapter 5. Models of Mineral Solubility in Concentrated Brines with Application to Field Observations by John H. Weare, p. 143 - 176 Chapter 6. Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Species and the Solubilities of Minerals in Supercritical Electrolyte Solutions by Dimitri A. Sverjensky, p. 177 - 210 Chapter 7. Igneous Fluids by John R. Holloway, p. 211 - 234 Chapter 8. Ore Fluids: Magmatic to Supergene by George H. Brimhall and David A. Crerar, p. 235 - 322 Chapter 9. Thermodynamic Models of Molecular Fluids at the Elevated Pressures and Temperatures of Crustal Metamorphism by John M. Ferry and Lukas Baumgartner, p. 323 - 366 Chapter 10. Mineral Solubilities and Speciation in Supercritical Metamorphic Fluids by Hans P. Eugster and Lukas Baumgartner, p. 367 - 404 Chapter 11. Development of Models for Multicomponent Melts: Analysis of Synthetic Systems by Rober G. Berman and Thomas H. Brown, p. 405 - 442 Chapter 12. Modeling Magmatic Systems: Thermodynamic Relations by Mark S. Ghiorso, p. 443 - 466 Chapter 13. Modeling Magmatic Systems: Petrologic Applications by Mark S. Ghiorso and Ian S.E. Carmichael, p. 467 - 500