ALBERT

Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG

Note: Zugleich: Dissertation, Freie Unversität Berlin, [ca. 1963] , INHALTSVERZEICHNIS PROBLEMSTELLUNG UND ZIELSETZUNG 1. BEMERKUNGEN ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSGELÄNDE UND ZUM BEOBACHTUNGSMATERIAL 1.1 Das Beobachtungsgelände 1.2 Das Beobachtungsmaterial 2. HOMOGENITÄTSBETRACHTUNGEN 2.1 Temperatur 2.2 Niederschlag 2.3 Wind 2.4 Sonnenschein und Bewölkung 3. TEMPERATURVERHÄLTNISSE 3.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 3.2 Tageswerte 3.3 Pentadenwerte 3.4 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 3.5 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 3.6 Der tägliche Gang 3.7 Vorkommen bestimmter Schwellenwerte 3.71 Frost- und Eistage 3.72 Sommer- und Tropentage 4. DER WASSERGEHALT DER LUFT 4.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 4.2 Tageswerte 4.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 4.4 Interdiurne Veränderlichkeit 4.5 Der tägliche Gang 5. BEWÖLKUNGSVERHÄLTNISSE 5.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 5.2 Tageswerte 5.3 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 5.4 Der tägliche Gang 5.5 Heitere und trübe Tage 5.6 Nebel 6. SONNENSCHEIN 6.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 6.2 Tageswerte 6.3 Der tägliche Gang 7. NIEDERSCHLAGSVERHÄLTNISSE 7.1 Monats- und Jahreswerte 7.2 Niederschlagsbereitschaft 7.3 Tageswerte 7.4 Der tägliche Gang 7.5 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 7.6 Niederschlags- und Trockenperioden 7.7 Niederschlag und Wind· 7.8 Schneeverhältnisse 7.81 Schneefall und Schneedecke 7.82 Schneehöhe 7.9 Gewitter 8. WINDVERHÄLTNISSE 8.1 Windrichtung 8.2 Windgeschwindigkeit 8.21 Der jährliche Gang 8.22 Häufigkeitsbetrachtungen 8.23 Sturmtage und Windstillen 8.24 Der tägliche Gang 9.ZUSAMMENFASSUNG VERZEICHNIS DER TEXTTABELLEN VERZEICHNIS DER ABBILDUNGEN LITERATURVERZEICHNIS TABELLENANHANG

Note: N.F. entfällt ab 57.2000. - Volltext auch als Teil einer Datenbank verfügbar , Ersch. ab 2000 in engl. Sprache mit dt. Hauptsacht.

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: Vorwort. - 1 Einleitung. - 2 Biologie der Flechten. - 2.1 Was sind Flechten?. - 2.2 Ökologie der Flechten. - 3 Methoden der Flechtenkartierung. - 3.1 Das Meßnetz. - 3.2 Auswahl der Trägerbäume für die Flechtenkartierung. - 3.3 Flechtenaufnahme. - 3.4 Auswertung der Flechtenkartierung. - 4 Einsammeln von Flechten. - 5 Untersuchen und Bestimmen von Flechten. - 5.1 Allgemeines. - 5.2 Diagnostisch wichtige Merkmale bei Flechten. - 5.2.1 Farbe des Lagers. - 5.2.2 Gestalt und Bildung vonen des Lagers (Morphologie). - 5.2.3 Bau der Flechten (Anatomie). - 5.3 Chemismus der Flechten: Bestimmung mit Hilfe von Farbreaktionen. - 6 Begriffserklärungen. - 7 Die Bestimmungsschlüssel. - 8 Literatur. - 9 Bildteil mit Artbeschreibungen. - Farb-Reakionen der VDI-Flechten. - Register.

Note: Front Cover; SEAWATER: ITS COMPOSITION, PROPERTIES AND BEHAVIOUR; Copyright Page; CONTENTS; ABOUT THIS VOLUME; ABOUT THIS SERIES; CHAPTER 1. WATER , AIR AND ICE; 1.1 THE SPECIAL PROPERTIES OF WATER; 1.2 THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; 1.3 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 1; CHAPTER 2. TEMPERATURE IN THE OCEANS; 2.1 SOLAR RADIATION; 2.2 DISTRIBUTION OF SURFACE TEMPERATURES; 2.3 DISTRIBUTION OF TEMPERATURE WITH DEPTH; 2.4 ENERGY FROM THE THERMOCLINE - A BRIEF DIGRESSION; 2.5 TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AND WATER MOVEMENT; 2.6 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 2; CHAPTER 3. SALINITY IN THE OCEANS; 3.1 CONSTANCY OF COMPOSITION. , 3.2 VARIATIONS IN SALINITY3.3 THE MEASUREMENT OF SALINITY; 3.4 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 3; CHAPTER 4. DENSITY AND PRESSURE IN THE OCEAN; 4.1 WATER MASSES; 4.2 DEPTH (PRESSURE), DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE; 4.3 T-S DIAGRAMS; 4.4 MIXING PROCESSES IN THE OCEANS; 4.5 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER4; CHAPTER 5. LIGHT AND SOUND IN SEAWATER; 5.1 UNDERWATER LIGHT; 5.2 UNDERWATER SOUND; 5.3 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 5; CHAPTER 6. THE SEAWATER SOLUTION; 6.1 THE GROSS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SEAWATER; 6.2 SOURCES AND SINKS, OR WHY THE SEA IS SALT; 6.3 CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL REACTIONS IN SEAWATER; 6.4 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER 6. , CHAPTER 7. SEAWATER AND THE GLOBAL CYCLE7.1 A SHORT HISTORY OF SEAWATER; 7.2 A LOOK AHEAD; 7.3 SUMMARY OF CHAPTER; APPENDIX: CONVERSIONS BETWEEN pH AND [H+]; SUGGESTED AND COMMENTS READING; ANSWERS AND COMMENTS TO QUESTIONS; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS; INDEX.

Note: TABLE OF CONTENTS PROLOGUE INDICATORS INTRODUCTION ICE VOLUME Glacial Moraines Shorelines Oxygen Isotopes Summary TEMPERATURE Mountaintop Temperatures Polar Temperatures Sea Surface Teiμperatures Continental Temperatures The Tropical Temperature Dilemma ARIDITY Precipitation Rock Varnish Dust ATMOSPHERIC GAS COMPOSITION Carbon Dioxide Methane Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Gases OCEANIC CHEMISTRY Trace Metals Carbon Isotopes RATE OF DEEP SEA VENTUATION CO3 Concentration Paleo pH Preservation Events CLOCKS INTRODUCTION THE RADIOCARBON CLOCK ANNUAL CLOCKS THE URANIUM-THORIUM CLOCK CLOCKS READING MORE THAN 50,000 YEARS THE POTASSIUM-ARGON CLOCK PLANETARY CLOCKS IN SITU PRODUCTION CLOCKS SUNDIALS RECORDS SETTING THE STAGE: 55 MILLION YEARS OF POLAR COOLING MILANKOVITCH CYCLES THE LAST 160,000 YEARS THE LAST TERMINATION DANSGAARD-OESCHGER EVENTS HEINRICH EVENTS RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DANSGAARD-OESCHGER EVENTS AND HEINRICH EVENTS PHYSICS INTRODUCTION WATER VAPOR THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION FRESH WATER FLUXES MODE SWITCH TRIGGERS EPILOGUE BIBLIOGRAPHY PROBLEMS APPENDICES ∑CO2 and Alkalinity in the Sea What Drives Glacial Cycles? (Scientific American) The Great Ocean Conveyor (Oceanography)

Note: Chapter 1. Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals: An Overview by Arthur F. White and Susan L. Brantley, p. 1 - 22 Chapter 2. Fundamental Approaches in Describing Mineral Dissolution and Precipitation Rates by Antonio C. Lasaga, p. 23 - 86 Chapter 3. Silicate Mineral Dissolution as a Ligand-Exchange Reaction by William H. Casey and Christian Ludwig, p. 87 - 118 Chapter 4. Chemical Weathering Rates of Pyroxenes and Amphiboles by Susan L. Brantley and Y. Chen, p. 119 - 172 Chapter 5. Dissolution and Precipitation Kinetics of Sheet Silicates by Kathryn L. Nagy, p. 173 - 234 Chapter 6. Kinetic and Thermodynamic Controls on Silica Reactivity in Weathering Environments by Patricia M. Dove, p. 235 - 290 Chapter 7. Feldspar Dissolution Kinetics by Alex E. Blum and Lisa L. Stillings, p. 291 - 352 Chapter 8. Chemical Weathering of Silicates in Nature: A Microscopic Perspective with Theoretical Considerations by Michael F. Hochella, Jr. and Jillian F. Banfield, p. 353 - 406 Chapter 9. Chemical Weathering Rates of Silicate Minerals in Soils by Arthur F. White, p. 407 - 462 Chapter 10. Weathering Rates in Catchments by James I. Drever and D. W. Clow, p. 463 - 484 Chapter 11. Estimating Field Weathering Rates using Laboratory Kinetics by Harald Sverdrup and Per Warfvinge, p. 585 - 542 Chapter 12. Relating Chemical and Physical Erosion by Robert F. Stallard, p. 543 - 564 Chapter 13. Chemical Weathering and Its Effect on Atmospheric CO2 and Climate by Robert A. Berner, p. 565 - 583

Note: Contents Foreword Preface Editors' remarks The authors 1. The Schirmacher Oasis as a part of Queen Maud Land / (D. FRITZSCHE & P. BORMANN) 1.1. About Antarctic oases in general and the geographical setting of the Schirmacher Oasis in particular 1.2. History of discoveries and first investigations in Queen Maud Land 1.3. Systematic investigations of the Schirmacher Oasis and its surroundings since 1959 1.3.1. Contributions of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition in 1958-59 1.3.2. Investigations of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition 1.3.2.1. The wintering stations Lasarev and Novolazarevskaya - their observatory registrations and field programmes 1.3.2.1.1. Logistical bases 1.3.2.1.2. Regular Soviet observatory programmes 1.3.2.1.3. Field studies in the surroundings of the stations 1.3.2.1.3.1. Glaciological studies at the Lazarev and Novolazarevskaya Ice Shelves 1.3.2.1.3.2. Geophysical investigations 1.3.2.1.3.3 Hydrological studies of lakes within the Schirmacher Oasis 1.3.2.1.3.4. Physico-geographical and geological studies of the Schirmacher Oasis 1.3.2.1.3.5. Biological investigations 1.3.2.2. Major geographic-geological surveys and geophysical and aerophotogrammetric mapping of the eastern mountain region of Queen Maud Land 1.3.3. Investigations of the Indian Antarctic Expedition 1.3.3.1. India 's interest in Antarctica 1.3.3.2. Indian Antarctic Expeditions and main results of investigations in the area of the Schirmacher Oasis and its surroundings 1.3.4. Contributions by German investigators 1.3.4.1. Origin of scientific interest in the Schirmacher Oasis and the establishment of the Georg Forster Station 1.3.4.2. Observational programmes at Georg Forster Station 1.3.4.3. Field observations within and in the surroundings of the Schirmacher Oasis 2. Geophysical investigations / (P. BORMANN, U. SCHÄFER, C. KOPSCH & S. WAGNER) 2.1. Permanent geomagnetic recordings 2.1.1. Recording environment, requirements and facilities 2.1.2. Recording of the total intensity F 2.1.3. Recording of the variation field 2.2. Geophysical field investigations 2.2.1. Review of former geophysical field investigations in Queen Maud Land 2.2.2. Geomagnetic field measurements by GDR teams 2.2.2.1. Measuring of variation differences 2.2.2.2. Geomagnetic mapping of the Schirmacher Oasis and profile measurements in its surroundings: data, results and geological implications 3. Geology / (H.-J. PAECH & W. STACKEBRANDT) 3.1. Geological setting and former investigations / (H.-J. PAECH) 3.2. Schirmacher Oasis 3.2.1. Lithostratigraphy / (W. STACKEBRANDT) 3.2.2. Tectonics / (W. STACKEBRANDT) 3.2.2.1. Planar structures 3.2.2.2. Linear structures 3.2.2.3. Fault structures and dykes 3.2.2.4. Structure and kinematics of the Lake 55 m fault zone by means of petromagnetic fabric analysis / (V. DAMM) 3.2.3. Petrography and petrochemistry 3.2.3.1. Metamorphics / (G. ANDREHS & P. BORMANN) 3.2.3.1.1. Methodology 3.2.3.1.2. Classification of rock types 3.2.3.1.3. Investigation of rock deformation 3.2.3.1.4. Mylonitization in fault zones 3.2.3.1.5. Characterization of metamorphism 3.2.3.1.6. Conclusions 3.2.3.2. Dykes / (U. WAND) 3.2.4. Photogeological indications / (E. BANKWITZ & P. BANKWITZ) 3.2.4.1. Rock series 3.2.4.2. Fault zones 3.3. The Nunatak region / (H.-U. WETZEL) 3.3.1. The Nunatak Metamorphic Complex 3.3.1.1. Nunatak Palets 3.3.1.2. Nunatak Aerodromnaya 3.3.1.3. Nunatak 870 m 3.3.1.4. Nunatak Südnachbar 3.3.1.5. Southern IGA Rocks 3.3.2. The Schirmacher Oasis Metamorphic Complex 3.3.2.1. Nunatak Basisniy 3.3.2.2. Nunatak Kit 3.4. Generalization of the geological history of the Schirmacher Oasis and Nunatak Metamorphic Complexes / (H.-J. PAECH, W. STACKEBRANDT & H.-U. WETZEL) 3.4.1. Lithostratigraphic succession 3.4.2. History of endogenic processes 3.5. Wohlthat Massif / (H. KÄMPF, W. STACKEBRANDT, K. HAHNE, H.-J. PAECH & V. S. LEPIN) 3.5.1. Introduction 3.5.2. Eliseev Anorthosite Complex 3.5.2.1. Introduction 3.5.2.2. Magmatic features 3.5.2.3. Metamorphic structures and textures 3.5.2.4. Chemical composition 3.5.2.5. Fracture tectonics and non-metamorphic dyke rocks 3.5.2.6. Ages and isotopie compositions 3.5.3. Rock assemblages covered by ice / (K. HAHNE, P. VOGLER & R. LEWIS) 3.5.4. Photogeological structures of the basement of the Wohlthat Massif / (P. BANKWITZ & E. BANKWITZ) 3.5.4.1. Structural features 3.5.4.2. Folding and schistosity 3.5.4.3. Fracture tectonics 3.5.4.4. Magmatic veins 3.6. Mineralizations in central Queen Maud Land / (H. KÄMPF) 3.6.1. Mineralization associated with metamorphics 3.6.2. Mineralization associated with anorthosite and gabbro 3.6.3. Mineralizations in granitoids and pegmatites 3.6.4. Hydrothermal mineralizations 3.7. Conclusions on the structure, composition and history of the Earth's crust in central Queen Maud Land / (P. BORMANN, H.-J. PAECH & W. STACKEBRANDT) 4. Geomorphology / (W. RICHTER & P. BORMANN) 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Overview of the macro-relief between the ice shelf barrier and the Wegener Inland Ice 4.3. Characterization of landformsin the Schirmacher Oasis 4.3.1. General characterization of landforms 4.3.2. Structural geomorphology 4.3.3. Surface forms due to glacial erosion and deposition 4.3.4. Surface water geomorphology 4.4. Weathering processes 4.4.1. Background and scope 4.4.2. Frost and insolation weathering 4.4.2.1. Measuring programme / (W. KRÜGER) 4.4.2.2. Results / (W. KRÜGER & P. BORMANN) 4.4.2.2.1. Data for bedrock 4.4.2.2.2. Temperature data for unconsolidated rock and soil 4.4.2.2.3. Soil moisture data for unconsolidated rock and soil 4.4.2.2.4. Discussion of results on rock and soil temperature as well as soil moisture measurements with regard to frost and insolation weathering in the Schirmacher Oasis / (W. KRÜGER & P. BORMANN) 4.4.3. Special forms of weathering 4.4.3.1. Chemical weathering and initial processes of pedogenesis 4.4.3.2. Salt efflorescences / (U. WAND) 4.4.3.3. Cavernous weathering / (J. BALKE & W. RICHTER) 4.4.3.4. Wind action (W. RICHTER) 5. Weather and climate / (W. RICHTER & P. BORMANN) 5.1. General climatic conditions 5.2. Local climatic conditions and variability of essential elements of the macro-climate in the Schirmacher Oasis 5.2.1. General peculiarities of oasis climate 5.2.2. Elements of macro-climate in the Schirmacher Oasis and their variability 5.2.2.1. Solar radiation 5.2.2.2. Air temperature 5.2.2.3. Wind direction and velocity 5.2.2.4. Precipitation 5.2.2.5. Humidity 5.2.2.6. Cloudiness 5.3. Isotope variations in atmospheric moisture and precipitation / (P. KOWSKI) 6. The continental ice cover in the surroundings of the Schirmacher Oasis / (W.-D. HERMICHEN) 6.1. Antarctic ice and world climate 6.2. Regional survey 6.3. Survey of former glaciological investigations 6.4. Present structure and dynamics of the regional ice cover 6.5. Isotope studies on the glacio-climatic history of the area 6.6. Some remarkable morphological minor forms of the snow and ice surface / (W. RICHTER) 6.7. Moraines around Lake Untersee - indicators of the Late-Quaternary regional glacial history / (W. STACKEBRANDT) 7. Satellite sea ice observations in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean / (H. GERNANDT) 7.1. General introduction 7.2. Long-term variations of the sea ice edge / (H. GERNANDT, K. DRESCHER & L. THARANG) 7.2.1. Data evaluation 7.2.2. Mean seasonal variations 7.2.3. Anomalies of sea ice distribution 7.2.4. Interannual variations 7.2.5.Conclusions 7.3. The break-up of ice shelf areas / (H. GERNANDT, P. GLÖDE & J. SCHMECHEL) 7.3.1. Introduction 7.3.2. Satellite observations of the Filchner Ice Shelf's break-up 7.4. Typical sea ice distribution as a response to the circulation of the Southern Ocean / (H. GERNANDT & P. GLÖDE) 7.4.1. Data interpretation 7.4.2. Typical sea ice distributions 7.4.3. Discussion 7.4.4. Conclusions 8. Hydrology / (W. RICHTER & P. BORMANN) 8.1. General remarks 8.2. Fundamentals of physical geography 8.2.1. Hydrographic relevance of geol

Note: L. M. Parson, C. L. Walker, and D. R. Dixon: Hydrothermal vents and processes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:1-2, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.01 --- C. R. German, E. T. Baker, and G. Klinkhammer: Regional setting of hydrothermal activity / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:3-15, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.02 --- Sergey G. Krasnov, Irina M. Poroshina, and Georgiy A. Cherkashev: Geological setting of high-temperature hydrothermal activity and massive sulphide formation on fast- and slow-spreading ridges / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:17-32, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.03 --- Bramley J. Murton, Cindy Van Dover, and Eve Southward: Geological setting and ecology of the Broken Spur hydrothermal vent field: 29°10′N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:33-41, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.04 --- S. G. Krasnov, G. A. Cherkashev, T. V. Stepanova, B. N. Batuyev, A. G. Krotov, B. V. Malin, M. N. Maslov, V. F. Markov, I. M. Poroshina, M. S. Samovarov, A. M. Ashadze, L. I. Lazareva, and I. K. Ermolayev: Detailed geological studies of hydrothermal fields in the North Atlantic / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:43-64, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.05 --- Edward T. Baker: Characteristics of hydrothermal discharge following a magmatic intrusion / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:65-76, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.06 --- J. M. Edmond, A. C. Campbell, M. R. Palmer, G. P. Klinkhammer, C. R. German, H. N. Edmonds, H. Elderfield, G. Thompson, and P. Rona: Time series studies of vent fluids from the TAG and MARK sites (1986, 1990) Mid-Atlantic Ridge: a new solution chemistry model and a mechanism for Cu/Zn zonation in massive sulphide orebodies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:77-86, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.07 --- G. P. Klinkhammer, C. S. Chin, C. Wilson, and C. R. German: Venting from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 37°17′N: the Lucky Strike hydrothermal site / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:87-96, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.08 --- R. H. James, H. Elderfield, M. D. Rudnicki, C. R. German, M. R. Palmer, C. Chin, M. J. Greaves, E. Gurvich, G. P. Klinkhammer, E. Ludford, R. A. Mills, J. Thomson, and A. C. Williams: Hydrothermal plumes at Broken Spur, 29°N Mid-Atlantic Ridge: chemical and physical characteristics / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:97-110, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.09 --- M. R. Palmer, E. M. Ludford, C. R. German, and M. D. Lilley: Dissolved methane and hydrogen in the Steinahóll hydrothermal plume, 63°N, Reykjanes Ridge / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:111-120, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.10 --- Rachel A. Mills: Hydrothermal deposits and metalliferous sediments from TAG, 26°N Mid-Atlantic Ridge / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:121-132, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.11 --- F. M. Stuart, P. J. Harrop, R. Knott, A. E. Fallick, G. Turner, Y. Fouquet, and D. Rickard: Noble gas isotopes in 25 000 years of hydrothermal fluids from 13°N on the East Pacific Rise / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:133-143, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.12 --- Penny Dickson, Adam Schultz, and Andrew Woods: Preliminary modelling of hydrothermal circulation within mid-ocean ridge sulphide structures / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:145-157, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.13 --- A. Rachel Pascoe and Johnson R. Cann: Modelling diffuse hydrothermal flow in black smoker vent fields / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:159-173, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.14 --- Rowena C. Duckworth, Richard Knott, Anthony E. Fallick, David Rickard, Bramley J. Murton, and Cindy Van Dover: Mineralogy and sulphur isotope geochemistry of the Broken Spur sulphides, 29°N, Mid-Atlantic Ridge / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:175-189, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.15 --- Steven D. Scott and Raymond A. Binns: Hydrothermal processes and contrasting styles of mineralization in the western Woodlark and eastern Manus basins of the western Pacific / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:191-205, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.16 --- Richard Knott, Anthony E. Fallick, David Rickard, and Harald Bäcker: Mineralogy and sulphur isotope characteristics of a massive sulphide boulder, Galapagos Rift, 85°55′W / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:207-222, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.17 --- G. A. Cherkashev: Hydrothermal input into sediments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:223-229, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.18 --- R. A. Hodkinson and D. S. Cronan: Hydrothermal sedimentation at ODP Sites 834 and 835 in relation to crustal evolution of the Lau Backarc Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:231-248, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.19 --- S. M. Sudarikov, M. P. Davydov, V. L. Bazelyan, and V. G. Tarasov: Distribution and transformation of Fe and Mn in hydrothermal plumes and sediments and the potential function of microbiocoenoses / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:249-255, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.20 --- Cindy Lee van Dover: Ecology of Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal vents / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:257-294, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.21 --- Bruce Shillito, Jean-Pierre Lechaire, Gérard Goffinet, and Francoise Gaill: Composition and morphogenesis of the tubes of vestimentiferan worms / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:295-302, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.22 --- P. R. Dando, J. A. Hughes, and F. Thiermann: Preliminary observations on biological communities at shallow hydrothermal vents in the Aegean Sea / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:303-317, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.23 --- S. M. Sudarikov and S. V. Galkin: Geochemistry of the Snake Pit vent field and its implications for vent and non-vent fauna / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:319-327, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.24 --- Gareth Rieley, Cindy L. van Dover, David B. Hedrick, David C. White, and Geoffrey Eglinton: Lipid characteristics of hydrothermal vent organisms from 9°N, East Pacific Rise / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:329-342, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.25 --- D. R. Dixon, D. A. S. B. Jollivet, L. R. J. Dixon, J. A. Nott, and P. W. H. Holland: The molecular identification of early life-history stages of hydrothermal vent organisms / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:343-350, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.26 --- Don A. Cowan: Hyperthermophilic enzymes: biochemistry and biotechnology / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:351-363, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.27 --- Christopher R. German and Martin V. Angel: Hydrothermal fluxes of metals to the oceans: a comparison with anthropogenic discharge / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:365-372, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.28 --- Kevin G. Speer and Karl R. Helfrich: Hydrothermal plumes: a review of flow and fluxes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:373-385, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.29 --- Mark D. Rudnicki: Particle formation, fallout and cycling within the buoyant and non-buoyant plume above the TAG vent field / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 87:387-396, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1995.087.01.30

Note: CONTENTS: Preface. - Glossary of some Mongolian words. - Spelling. - 1. A brief history of botanical research in Mongolia. - 2. Introduction to the country. - 2.1 Geographical position and administrative division. - 2.2 Topography. - 2.3 Hydrography. - 2.4 Climate. - 2.5 Vegetation zones of Mongolia. - 3. Methods of vegetation analysis. - 4. The plant communities of Mongolia. - 4.1 Needle-leaved forest. - 4.2 Broad-leaved forest. - 4.3 Shrubbery. - 4.4 Tall-forb vegetation. - 4.5 Steppe. - 4.6 Vegetation of rocky and stony sites. - 4.7 Semi-desert vegetation. - 4.8 Desert vegetation. - 4.9 Alpine vegetation. - 4.10 Aquatic vegetation. - 4.11 Marshland vegetation. - 4.12 Montane seep water and stream vegetation. - 4.13 Isoeto-Nanojuncetea. - 4.14 Bidentetea. - 4.15 Hatophytic vegetation. - 4.16 Meadow and pasture. - 4.17 Arable fields. - 4.18 Ruderal vegetation. - 5. Human impact on plant communities. - 6. Vegetation profiles of some selected geographical areas. - 7. Future research on the vegetation of Mongolia. - 8. References. - 9. Index.