ALBERT

Note: Contents: Contributors. - Introduction: William F. Brace. - The Brace Symposium and this Volume. - Bibliography: William F. Brace. - Acknowledgments. - BRITTLE FAILURE OF ROCKS. - 1 Observations of Quasistatic Fault Growth from Acoustic Emissions / D.A. Lockner, J.D. Byerlee, V. Kuksenko, A. Ponomarev, A. Sidorin. - 2 Fabrics of Experimental Fault Zones: Their Development and Relationship to Mechanical Behavior / J.M. Logan, C.A. Dengo, N.G. Higgs, Z.Z. Wang. - 3 Frictional Strength and the Effective Pressure Law of Montmorillonite and lllite Clays / C. Morrow, B. Radney, J. Byerlee. - 4 The Brittle-Ductile Transition in Feldspar Aggregates: An Experimental Study / J. Tullis, R. Yund. - 5 Stabilization of Faulting by Cumulative Slip / Teng-fong Wong, Yaojun Gu, Takashi Yanagidani, Yusheng Zhao. - PERMEABILITY AND FLUID FLOW IN ROCKS. - 6 On the Measurement of Permeability in Anisotropic Rocks / Yves Bernabé. - 7 Permeability and Relative Permeability in Rocks / Stephen C. Blair, James G. Berryman. - 8 The Determination of Permeability and Storage Capacity: Pore Pressure Oscillation Method / G.J. Fischer. - 9 Measurement of Permeability and Storage Capacity in Rocks During Deformation at High Temperature and Pressure / G.J. Fischer, M.S. Paterson. - 10 Growth of Grain Contacts in Halite by Solution-transfer: Implications for Diagenesis, Lithification, and Strength Recovery / Stephen H. Hickman, Brian Evans. - 11 The Influence of H2O and CO2 on Melt Migration in Two Silicate Liquid-Olivine Systems / G.N. Riley Jr., D.L. Kohlstedt. - FRACTURE CHARACTERIZATION AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ROCK. - 12 Fluid-driven Cyclic Propagation of a Joint in the Ithaca Siltstone, Appalachian Basin, New York / Alfred Lacazette, Terry Engelder. - 13 The Influence of Hydrostatic and Uniaxial Stress on Remanent Magnetization / Randolph J. Martin. - 14 The Correlation between Fracture-toughness Anisotropy and Crack-surface Morphology of Siltstones in the Ithaca Formation, Appalachian Basin / Paul A. Scott, Terry Engelder, John J. Mecholsky Jr. - 15 CT Imaging of Electrical Resistivity Measurements: Nonuniform Water Saturation Can Be a Problem / Eve S. Sprunt. - 16 Fracture Detection and Characterization from Hydrophone Vertical Seismic Profiling Data / M.N. Toksöz, C.H. Cheng, R.D. Cicerone. - IMPLICATIONS OF ROCK MECHANICS ON CRUSTAL TECTONICS. - 17 Role of Elastic Stiffness and Fault Damping during Thrust-sheet Emplacement in a Foreland Belt / E.G. Bombolakis. - 18 Brace-Goetze Strength Profiles, The Partitioning of Strike-slip and Thrust Faulting at Zones of Oblique Convergence, and the Stress-Heat Flow Paradox of the San Andreas Fault / Peter Molnar. - 19 Hydraulic Pulses in the Earth's Crust / Amos Nor, Joseph Walder. - 20 Fault Stress States, Pore Pressure Distributions, and the Weakness of the San Andreas Fault / James R. Rice. - 21 Paradigms or Small Change in Earthquake Mechanics / C.H. Scholz. - Index.

Note: Contents: Preface to the Second Edition. - Preface to the First Edition. - Legal Matters. - Computer Programs by Chapter and Section. - 1 Preliminaries. - 1.0 Introduction. - 1.1 Program Organization and Control Structures. - 1.2 Error, Accuracy, and Stability. - 2 Solution of Linear Algebraic Equations. - 2.0 Introduction. - 2.1 Gauss-Jordan Elimination. - 2.2 Gaussian Elimination with Backsubstitution. - 2.3 LU Decomposition and Its Applications. - 2.4 Tridiagonal and Band Diagonal Systems of Equations. - 2.5 Iterative Improvement of a Solution to Linear Equations. - 2.6 Singular Value Decomposition. - 2.7 Sparse Linear Systems. - 2.8 Vandermonde Matrices and Toeplitz Matrices. - 2.9 Cholesky Decomposition. - 2.10 QR Decomposition. - 2.11 Is Matrix Inversion an N3 Process?. - 3 Interpolation and Extrapolation. - 3.0 Introduction. - 3.1 Polynomial Interpolation and Extrapolation. - 3.2 Rational Function Interpolation and Extrapolation. - 3.3 Cubic Spline Interpolation. - 3.4 How to Search an Ordered Table. - 3.5 Coefficients of the Interpolating Polynomial. - 3.6 Interpolation in Two or More Dimensions. - 4 Integration of Functions. - 4.0 Introduction. - 4.1 Classical Formulas for Equally Spaced Abscissas. - 4.2 Elementary Algorithms. - 4.3 Romberg Integration. - 4.4 Improper Integrals. - 4.5 Gaussian Quadratures and Orthogonal Polynomials. - 4.6 Multidimensional Integrals. - 5 Evaluation of Functions. - 5.0 Introduction. - 5.1 Series and Their Convergence. - 5.2 Evaluation of Continued Fractions. - 5.3 Polynomials and Rational Functions. - 5.4 Complex Arithmetic. - 5.5 Recurrence Relations and Clenshaw's Recurrence Formula. - 5.6 Quadratic and Cubic Equations. - 5.7 Numerical Derivatives. - 5.8 Chebyshev Approximation. - 5.9 Derivatives or Integrals of a Chebyshev-approximated Function. - 5.10 Polynomial Approximation from Chebyshev Coefficients. - 5.11 Economization of Power Series. - 5.12 Pade Approximants. - 5.13 Rational Chebyshev Approximation. - 5.14 Evaluation of Functions by Path Integration. - 6 Special Functions. - 6.0 Introduction. - 6.1 Gamma Function, Beta Function, Factorials, Binomial Coefficients. - 6.2 Incomplete Gamma Function, Error Function, Chi-Square Probability Function, Cumulative Poisson Function. - 6.3 Exponential Integrals. - 6.4 Incomplete Beta Function, Student's Distribution, F-Distribution, Cumulative Binomial Distribution. - 6.5 Bessel Functions of Integer Order. - 6.6 Modified Bessel Functions of Integer Order. - 6.7 Bessel Functions of Fractional Order, Airy Functions, Spherical Bessel Functions. - 6.8 Spherical Harmonics. - 6.9 Fresnel Integrals, Cosine and Sine Integrals. - 6.10 Dawson's Integral. - 6.11 Elliptic Integrals and Jacobian Elliptic Functions. - 6.12 Hypergeometric Functions. - 7 Random Numbers. - 7.0 Introduction. - 7.1 Uniform Deviates. - 7.2 Transformation Method: Exponential and Normal Deviates. - 7.3 Rejection Method: Gamma, Poisson, Binomial Deviates. - 7.4 Generation of Random Bits. - 7.5 Random Sequences Based on Data Encryption. - 7.6 Simple Monte Carlo Integration. - 7.7 Quasi- (that is, Sub-) Random Sequences. - 7.8 Adaptive and Recursive Monte Carlo Methods. - 8 Sorting. - 8.0 Introduction. - 8.1 Straight Insertion and Shell's Method. - 8.2 Quicksort. - 8.3 Heapsort. - 8.4 Indexing and Ranking. - 8.5 Selecting the Mth Largest. - 8.6 Determination of Equivalence Classes. - 9 Root Finding and Nonlinear Sets of Equations. - 9.0 Introduction. - 9.1 Bracketing and Bisection. - 9.2 Secant Method, False Position Method, and Ridders' Method. - 9.3 Van Wijngaarden-Dekker-Brent Method. - 9.4 Newton-Raphson Method Using Derivative. - 9.5 Roots of Polynomials. - 9.6 Newton-Raphson Method for Nonlinear Systems of Equations. - 9.7 Globally Convergent Methods for Nonlinear Systems of Equations. - 10 Minimization or Maximization of Functions. - 10.0 Introduction. - 10.1 Golden Section Search in One Dimension. - 10.2 Parabolic Interpolation and Brent's Method in One Dimension. - 10.3 One-Dimensional Search with First Derivatives. - 10.4 Downhill Simplex Method in Multidimensions. - 10.5 Direction Set (Powell's) Methods in Multidimensions. - 10.6 Conjugate Gradient Methods in Multidimensions. - 10.7 Variable Metric Methods in Multidimensions. - 10.8 Linear Programming and the Simplex Method. - 10.9 Simulated Annealing Methods. - 11 Eigensystems. - 11.0 Introduction. - 11.1 Jacobi Transformations of a Symmetric Matrix. - 11.2 Reduction of a Symmetric Matrix to Tridiagonal Form: Givens and Householder Reductions. - 11.3 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of a Tridiagonal Matrix. - 11.4 Hermitian Matrices. - 11.5 Reduction of a General Matrix to Hessenberg Form. - 11.6 The QR Algorithm for Real Hessenberg Matrices. - 11.7 Improving Eigenvalues and/or Finding Eigenvectors by Inverse Iteration. - 12 Fast Fourier Transform. - 12.0 Introduction. - 12.1 Fourier Transform of Discretely Sampled Data. - 12.2 Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). - 12.3 FFT of Real Functions, Sine and Cosine Transforms. - 12.4 FFT in Two or More Dimensions. - 12.5 Fourier Transforms of Real Data in Two and Three Dimensions. - 12.6 External Storage or Memory-Local FFTs. - 13 Fourier and Spectral Applications. - 13.0 Introduction. - 13.1 Convolution and Deconvolution Using the FFT. - 13.2 Correlation and Autocorrelation Using the FFT. - 13.3 Optimal (Wiener) Filtering with the FFT. - 13.4 Power Spectrum Estimation Using the FFT. - 13.5 Digital Filtering in the Time Domain. - 13.6 Linear Prediction and Linear Predictive Coding. - 13.7 Power Spectrum Estimation by the Maximum Entropy (All Poles) Method. - 13.8 Spectral Analysis of Unevenly Sampled Data. - 13.9 Computing Fourier Integrals Using the FFT. - 13.10 Wavelet Transforms. - 13.11 Numerical Use of the Sampling Theorem. - 14 Statistical Description of Data. - 14.0 Introduction. - 14.1 Moments of a Distribution: Mean, Variance, Skewness, and So Forth. - 14.2 Do Two Distributions Have the Same Means or Variances?. - 14.3 Are Two Distributions Different?. - 14.4 Contingency Table Analysis of Two Distributions. - 14.5 Linear Correlation. - 14.6 Nonparametric or Rank Correlation. - 14.7 Do Two-Dimensional Distributions Differ?. - 14.8 Savitzky-Golay Smoothing Filters. - 15 Modeling of Data. - 15.0 Introduction. - 15.1 Least Squares as a Maximum Likelihood Estimator. - 15.2 Fitting Data to a Straight Line. - 15.3 Straight-Line Data with Errors in Both Coordinates. - 15.4 General Linear Least Squares. - 15.5 Nonlinear Models. - 15.6 Confidence Limits on Estimated Model Parameters. - 15.7 Robust Estimation. - 16 Integration of Ordinary Differential Equations. - 16.0 Introduction. - 16.1 Runge-Kutta Method. - 16.2 Adaptive Stepsize Control for Runge-Kutta. - 16.3 Modified Midpoint Method. - 16.4 Richardson Extrapolation and the Bulirsch-Stoer Method. - 16.5 Second-Order Conservative Equations. - 16.6 Stiff Sets of Equations. - 16.7 Multistep, Multivalue, and Predictor-Corrector Methods. - 17 Two Point Boundary Value Problems. - 17.0 Introduction. - 17.1 The Shooting Method. - 17.2 Shooting to a Fitting Point. - 17.3 Relaxation Methods. - 17.4 A Worked Example: Spheroidal Harmonics. - 17.5 Automated Allocation of Mesh Points. - 17.6 Handling Internal Boundary Conditions or Singular Points. - 18 Integral Equations and Inverse Theory. - 18.0 Introduction. - 18.1 Fredholm Equations of the Second Kind. - 18.2 Volterra Equations. - 18.3 Integral Equations with Singular Kernels. - 18.4 Inverse Problems and the Use of A Priori Information. - 18.5 Linear Regularization Methods. - 18.6 Backus-Gilbert Method. - 18.7 Maximum Entropy Image Restoration. - 19 Partial Differential Equations. - 19.0 Introduction. - 19.1 Flux-Conservative Initial Value Problems. - 19.2 Diffusive Initial Value Problems. - 19.3 Initial Value Problems in Multidi

Note: Table of Contents: Prologue. - List of authors and participants. - I. RADIOCARBON AND ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGIES. - Tree-ring 14C calibration at 10.000 BP / B. Kromer and B. Becker. - On flow model dating of stable isotope records from Greenland ice cores 7 S. J. Johnsen and W. Dansgaard. - The clay-varve based Swedish time scale and its relation to the Late Weichselian radiocarbon chronology / S. björck, I. Cato, L. Brunnberg, B. Strömberg. - A step towards an absolute time-scale for the Late-Glacial: annually laminated sediments from Soppensee (Switzerland) / A. F. Lotter. - B. Ammann, J. Beer, I. Hajdas, M. Sturm. - The late glacial-holocene transition in central Europe derived from isotope studies of laminated sediments from Lake Gościaź (Poland) / K. Rozanski, T. Goslar, M. Dulinski, T. Kuc, M. F. Pazdur, A. Walanus. - Younger Dryas oscillation - varve dated microstratigraphic, palynological and palaeomagnetic records from Lake Holzmaar, Germany / B. Zolitschka, B. Haverkamp, J. F. W. Negendank. - 230Th/234U and 14C ages obtained by mass spectrometry on corals from Barbados (West Indies), Isabela (Galapagos) and Mururoa (French Polynesia) / E. Bard, R. G. Fairbanks, M. Arnold, B. Hamelin. - II. COSMONUCLIDE PRODUCTION CHANGES DURING THE PAST. - Expected secular variations in the global terrestrial production rate of radiocarbon / D. Lal. - 10Be deposition at Vostok, Antarctica, during the last 50,000 years and its relationship to possible cosmogenic production variations during this period / G. M. Raisbeck, F. Yiou, J. Jouzel, J. R. Petit, N. I. Barkov, E. Bard. - 10Be peaks as time markers in polar ice cores / J. Beer, S. J. Johnsen, G. Bonani, R. C. Finkel, C. C. Langway, H. Oeschger, B. Stauffer, M. Suter, W. Woelfli. - Variation of geomagnetic field intensity from 8-60 Ky BP, Massif Central France / J. Salis and N. Bonhommet. - A geomagnetic calibration of the radiocarbon time-scale / A. Mazaud, C. Laj, E. Bard, M. Arnold, E. Tric. - III. CLIMATIC CHANGES DURING THE LAST DEGLACIATION. - The strength of the nordic heat pump / W. S. Broecker. - δ18O time-slice reconstruction of meltwater anomalies at Termination 1 in the North Atlantic between 50 and 80°N / M. Sarnthein, E. Jansen, M. Arnold, J. C. Duplessy, H. Erlenkeuser, A. Flatoy, T. Veum, E. Vogelsang, M. S. Weinelt. - A new method to reconstruct sea surface salinity: application to the North Atlantic ocean during the Younger Dryas / J.-C. Duplessy, L. Labeyrie, A. Juillet-Leclerc, J. Duprat. - The determination of past ocean-atmosphere radiocarbon differences / J. R. Southon, D. E. Nelson, J. S. Vogel. - The last deglaciation in Antarctica: further evidence of a "Younger Dryas" type climatic event / J. Jouzel, J. R. Petit, N. I. Barkov, J. M. Barnola, J. Chappellaz, P. Ciais, V. M. Kotkyakov, C. Lorius, V. N. Petrov, D. Raynaud, C. Ritz. - Possible ice-core evidence for a fresh melt water cap over the Atlantic ocean in the early Holocene / D. A. Fisher. - Climatic changes in Northwest Africa during the last deglaciation (16-7 ka BP) / F. Gasse, J. Ch. Fontes. - The palynological expression and timing of the Younger Dryas event - Europe versus Eastern North America / D. M. Peteet.

Note: John Parnell: Basins on the Atlantic Seaboard: introduction / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:vii-viii, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.01: Basin Histories and Hydrocarbon Source Rocks --- J. Parnell: Burial histories and hydrocarbon source rocks on the North West Seaboard / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:3-16, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.02 --- Alan M. Stein: Basin development and petroleum potential in The Minches and Sea of the Hebrides Basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:17-20, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.03 --- Mark T. Dean: Conodont colour maturation indices for the Carboniferous of west-central Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:21-23, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.04 --- David J. Mossman: Carboniferous source rocks of the Canadian Atlantic margin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:25-33, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.05 --- Jane Thrasher: Thermal effect of the Tertiary Cuillins Intrusive Complex in the Jurassic of the Hebrides: an organic geochemical study / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:35-49, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.06 --- Introduction to Mesozoic Basins on the North West Seaboard --- Nicol Morton: Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic stratigraphy, palaeogeography and tectonics west of the British Isles / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:53-68, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.07 --- The Hebridean Basins and Adjacent Areas --- Patrick J. McKeever: Petrography and diagenesis of the Permo-Triassic of Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:71-96, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.08 --- P. J. McKeever, P. Carey, and J. Quinn: Authigenic K-Feldspar in the Permo-Triassic of northwest Britain: a pilot oxygen isotope study / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:93-96, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.09 --- Nicol Morton: Dynamic stratigraphy of the Triassic and Jurassic of the Hebrides Basin, NW Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:97-110, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.10 --- J. P. Harris: Mid-Jurassic lagoonal delta systems in the Hebridean basins: thickness and facies distribution patterns of potential reservoir sandbodies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:111-144, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.11 --- Mark Wilkinson: Concretionary cements in Jurassic sandstones, Isle of Eigg, Inner Hebrides / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:145-154, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.12 --- P. J. Hamilton, A. E. Fallick, J. E. Andrews, and D. J. Whitford: Middle Jurassic clay-minerals from the Minch Basin: isotopic tracing of provenance and post-depositional alteration / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:155-158, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.13 --- Ben Lowden, Sharon Braley, Andrew Hurst, and Jonathan Lewis: Sedimentological studies of the Cretaceous Lochaline Sandstone, NW Scotland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:159-162, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.14 --- Richard W. England: The role of Palaeocene magmatism in the tectonic evolution of the Sea of the Hebrides Basin: implications for basin evolution on the NW Seaboard / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:163-174, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.15 --- Cherry L. E. Lewis, Andrew Carter, and Anthony J. Hurford: Low-temperature effects of the Skye Tertiary intrusions on Mesozoic sediments in the Sea of Hebrides Basin / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:175-188, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.16 --- Onshore and Offshore North of Ireland --- W. I. Mitchell: The origin of Upper Palaeozoic sedimentary basins in Northern Ireland and relationships with the Canadian Maritime Provinces / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:191-202, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.17 --- M. E. Philcox, H. Baily, G. Clayton, and G. D. Sevastopulo: Evolution of the Carboniferous Lough Allen Basin, Northwest Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:203-215, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.18 --- J. O. Buckman: Palaeoenvironment of a Lower Carboniferous sandstone succession northwest Ireland: ichnological and sedimentological studies / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:217-241, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.19 --- W. H. Wang: Origin of reddening and secondary porosity in Carboniferous sandstones, Northern Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:243-254, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.20 --- David Naylor: The post-Variscan history of ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:255-275, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.21 --- Robert J. McCaffrey and Noel McCann: Post-Permian basin history of northeast Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:277-290, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.22 --- M. R. Dobson and R. J. Whittington: Aspects of the geology of the Malin Sea area / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:291-311, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.23 --- Offshore West and South of Ireland --- Stephen Trueblood: Petroleum geology of the Slyne Trough and adjacent basins / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:315-326, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.24 --- Nicky White, Michael Tate, and John-Joe Conroy: Lithospheric stretching in the Porcupine Basin, west of Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:327-331, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.25 --- John G. Moore: A syn-rift to post-rift transition sequence in the Main Porcupine Basin, offshore western Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:333-349, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.26 --- Patrick M. Shannon: Early Tertiary submarine fan deposits in the Porcupine Basin, offshore Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:351-373, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.27 --- Michael P. Tate: The Clare Lineament: a relic transform fault west of Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:375-384, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.28 --- A. H. Ruffell and M. P. Coward: Basement tectonics and their relationship to Mesozoic megasequences in the Celtic Seas and Bristol Channel area / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:385-394, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.29 --- The Atlantic Seaboard Beyond the British Isles --- S. P. Srivastava and J. Verhoef: Evolution of Mesozoic sedimentary basins around the North Central Atlantic: a preliminary plate kinematic solution / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:397-420, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.30 --- A. G. Doré: Synoptic palaeogeography of the Northeast Atlantic Seaway: late Permian to Cretaceous / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:421-446, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.31 --- Excursion Guide --- John Parnell, Bryan Monson, and Jim Buckman: Excursion Guide: Basins and petroleum geology in the north of Ireland / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 62:449-464, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.062.01.32

Note: L. M. Parson and B. J. Murton: Ophiolites and their modern oceanic analogues / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:1-2, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.01 --- Robert J. Alexander and Gregory D. Harper: The Josephine ophiolite: an ancient analogue for slow- to intermediate-spreading oceanic ridges / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:3-38, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.02 --- C. J. MacLeod and D. A. Rothery: Ridge axial segmentation in the Oman ophiolite: evidence from along-strike variations in the sheeted dyke complex / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:39-63, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.03 --- R. C. Searle: The volcano-tectonic setting of oceanic lithosphere generation / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:65-79, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.04 --- Ruth I. Rusby: GLORIA and other geophysical studies of the tectonic pattern and history of the Easter Microplate, southeast Pacific / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:81-106, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.05 --- Jeffrey A. Karson and Alec T. Winters: Along-axis variations in tectonic extension and accommodation zones in the MARK Area, Mid-Atlantic Ridge 23°N latitude / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:107-116, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.06 --- Rex N. Taylor, Bramley J. Murton, and Robert W. Nesbitt: Chemical transects across intra-oceanic arcs: implications for the tectonic setting of ophiolites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:117-132, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.07 --- D. K. Kostopoulos and B. J. Murton: Origin and distribution of components in boninite genesis: significance of the OIB component / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:133-154, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.08 --- Randall A. Keller and Martin R. Fisk: Quaternary marginal basin volcanism in the Bransfield Strait as a modern analogue of the southern Chilean ophiolites / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:155-169, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.09 --- J. L. Smellie and P. Stone: Geochemical control on the evolutionary history of the Ballantrae Complex, SW Scotland, from comparisons with recent analogues / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:171-178, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.10 --- Paul Ballantyne: Petrology and geochemistry of the plutonic rocks of the Halmahera ophiolite, eastern Indonesia, an analogue of modern oceanic forearcs / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:179-202, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.11 --- Stephen Roberts: Influence of the partial melting regime on the formation of ophiolitic chromitite / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:203-217, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.12 --- E. Valsami and J. R. Cann: Mobility of rare earth elements in zones of intense hydrothermal alteration in the Pindos ophiolite, Greece / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:219-232, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.13 --- Roger Laurent: Peridotite intrusions emplaced in the fossil suprasubduction zone environment of Cyprus / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:233-239, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.14 --- Jacques Girardeau and Jean-Claude C. Mercier: Evidence for plagioclase-lherzolite intrusion in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, DSDP Leg 37 / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:241-250, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.15 --- Simon Allerton and F. J. Vine: Deformation styles adjacent to transform faults: evidence from the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:251-261, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.16 --- T. S. Brewer, R. Pelling, M. A. Lovell, and P. K. Harvey: The validity of whole-rock geochemistry in the study of the oceanic crust: a case study from ODP Hole 504B. / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:263-276, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.17 --- Andrea Borgia and Benedetta Treves: Volcanic plates overriding the ocean crust: structure and dynamics of Hawaiian volcanoes / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:277-299, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.18 --- R. A. Harris: Peri-collisional extension and the formation of Oman-type ophiolites in the Banda arc and Brooks Range / Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 60:301-325, doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1992.060.01.19

Note: Foreword xiii Preface xv Acknowledgments xxi About the Authors xxiii Part I: Data Science with Hadoop-An Overview 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to Data Science 3 What Is Data Science? 3 Example: Search Advertising 4 A Bit of Data Science History 5 Becoming a Data Scientist 8 Building a Data Science Team 12 The Data Science Project Life Cycle 13 Managing a Data Science Project 18 Summary 18 Chapter 2: Use Cases for Data Science 19 Big Data-A Driver of Change 19 Business Use Cases 21 Summary 29 Chapter 3: Hadoop and Data Science 31 What Is Hadoop? 31 Hadoop's Evolution 37 Hadoop Tools for Data Science 38 Why Hadoop Is Useful to Data Scientists 46 Summary 51 Part II: Preparing and Visualizing Data with Hadoop 53 Chapter 4: Getting Data into Hadoop 55 Hadoop as a Data Lake 56 The Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) 58 Direct File Transfer to Hadoop HDFS 58 Importing Data from Files into Hive Tables 59 Importing Data into Hive Tables Using Spark 62 Using Apache Sqoop to Acquire Relational Data 65 Using Apache Flume to Acquire Data Streams 74 Manage Hadoop Work and Data Flows with Apache Oozie 79 Apache Falcon 81 What's Next in Data Ingestion? 82 Summary 82 Chapter 5: Data Munging with Hadoop 85 Why Hadoop for Data Munging? 86 Data Quality 86 The Feature Matrix 93 Summary 106 Chapter 6: Exploring and Visualizing Data 107 Why Visualize Data? 107 Creating Visualizations 112 Using Visualization for Data Science 121 Popular Visualization Tools 121 Visualizing Big Data with Hadoop 123 Summary 124 Part III: Applying Data Modeling with Hadoop 125 Chapter 7: Machine Learning with Hadoop 127 Overview of Machine Learning 127 Terminology 128 Task Types in Machine Learning 129 Big Data and Machine Learning 130 Tools for Machine Learning 131 The Future of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence 132 Summary 132 Chapter 8: Predictive Modeling 133 Overview of Predictive Modeling 133 Classification Versus Regression 134 Evaluating Predictive Models 136 Supervised Learning Algorithms 140 Building Big Data Predictive Model Solutions 141 Example: Sentiment Analysis 145 Summary 150 Chapter 9: Clustering 151 Overview of Clustering 151 Uses of Clustering 152 Designing a Similarity Measure 153 Clustering Algorithms 154 Example: Clustering Algorithms 155 Evaluating the Clusters and Choosing the Number of Clusters 157 Building Big Data Clustering Solutions 158 Example: Topic Modeling with Latent Dirichlet Allocation 160 Summary 163 Chapter 10: Anomaly Detection with Hadoop 165 Overview 165 Uses of Anomaly Detection 166 Types of Anomalies in Data 166 Approaches to Anomaly Detection 167 Tuning Anomaly Detection Systems 170 Building a Big Data Anomaly Detection Solution with Hadoop 171 Example: Detecting Network Intrusions 172 Summary 179 Chapter 11: Natural Language Processing 181 Natural Language Processing 181 Tooling for NLP in Hadoop 184 Textual Representations 187 Sentiment Analysis Example 189 Summary 193 Chapter 12: Data Science with Hadoop-The Next Frontier 195 Automated Data Discovery 195 Deep Learning 197 Summary 199 Appendix A: Book Web Page and Code Download 201 Appendix B: HDFS Quick Start 203 Quick Command Dereference 204 Appendix C: Additional Background on Data Science and Apache Hadoop and Spark 209 General Hadoop/Spark Information 209 Hadoop/Spark Installation Recipes 210 HDFS 210 MapReduce 211 Spark 211 Essential Tools 211 Machine Learning 212 Index 213

Note: Introduction.- Spectral Analysis of Deterministic Process.- Structural Dynamics.- Spectral Analysis of Stationary Stochastic Process.- Stochastic Structural Dynamics.- Ambient Data Analysis and Simulation.- Bayesian Inference.- Classical Statistical Inference.- Bayesian OMA Framework.- Single Mode Problem.- Multi-Mode Problem.- Multi-Setup Problem.- Managing identification uncertainty.- Theory of Uncertainty Laws.

Note: Optical fibre technology -- Principles of optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) for distributed sensing -- Raman-based distributed temperature sensors (DTS) -- Brillouin based distributed temperature and strain sensors -- Rayleigh backscatter: distributed vibration sensors and static measurements -- Applications of distributed temperature sensors -- Distributed strain sensors: practical issues, solutions and applications -- Applications of distributed vibration sensors (DVS) -- Other types of distributed sensors and their applications