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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: This book deals with elementary concepts along with short R Project based code scripts to do intelligent data analysis. The relationship between theory and practice is fundamental in the understanding of a discipline, so the application of specific procedures and functions in elementary tasks is the purpose of this text. The central idea of the text has its origin in the subject called "Intelligent Data Analysis", a subject in which the professor provides fundamental elements based on concepts and practical exercises using R Project. Nowadays, the availability of data mining tools is undoubtedly very large. Users with basic knowledge can take advantage of intuitive utilities implemented in powerful development environments. We wanted to focus the text towards a more programming and software related audience. Specifically, it is intended as a basic guide for students entering the field of data intelligence.
    Description: Published
    Description: Este libro trata sobre conceptos elementales junto con scripts cortos de código basado en R Project para hacer análisis inteligente de datos. La relación entre la teoría y la práctica es fundamental en la comprensión de una disciplina, así la aplicación de procedimientos y funciones específicas en tareas elementales es el propósito de este texto. La idea central del texto tiene origen en la asignatura denominada “Análisis Inteligente de Datos”, una cátedra en la que el profesor aporta con elementos fundamentales basados en conceptos y ejercicios prácticos usando R Project. Hoy en día, la disponibilidad de herramientas para la minería de datos es sin duda muy grande. Usuarios con conocimientos básicos pueden aprovechar de utilitarios intuitivos implementados en poderosos entornos de desarrollo. Nosotros hemos querido dar un enfoque al texto hacia una audiencia con mayor relación a la programación y software. Específicamente que constituya una guía básica para estudiantes que inician en el campo de la Inteligencia de datos.
    Keywords: Inteligencia ; Datos ; R project ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology
    Language: Spanish
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: The manuscript focuses on the development of a software to optimize tilapia production, addressing aspects such as growth, cost and profitability. Using advanced technological tools, the aim is to facilitate data management for fish farmers, enabling more efficient, economical and accurate processes. Key factors include weight, temperature, absolute growth, thermal growth of fish, and monthly projections of costs, production and profitability. The software, developed in Java and using the Eclipse platform, seeks to balance agility and accuracy in data processing. The work is based on a literature review and interviews with fish farmers. A principal component analysis and Pearson correlation approach is used to associate relevant variables. The application is evaluated using historical data and pilot tests, adjusting functionalities to ensure reliable results. The importance of user-friendly interfaces for non-technological users is emphasized and expansion to mobile applications and adaptation to other species of zootechnical interest is proposed.
    Description: Published
    Description: El manuscrito se centra en el desarrollo de un software para optimizar la producción de tilapias, abordando aspectos como el crecimiento, costo y rentabilidad. Utilizando herramientas tecnológicas avanzadas, se pretende facilitar la gestión de datos para los piscicultores, permitiendo procesos más eficientes, económicos y precisos. Los factores clave incluyen el peso, la temperatura, el crecimiento absoluto, el crecimiento térmico de los peces, y proyecciones mensuales de costos, producción y rentabilidad. El software, desarrollado en Java y utilizando la plataforma Eclipse, busca equilibrar agilidad y precisión en el tratamiento de datos. El trabajo se apoya en la revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas con piscicultores. Se emplea un enfoque de análisis de componentes principales y correlación de Pearson para asociar variables relevantes. Se evalúa la aplicación mediante datos históricos y pruebas piloto, ajustando funcionalidades para garantizar resultados fiables. Se destaca la importancia de interfaces amigables para usuarios no expertos en tecnología y se propone la expansión a aplicaciones móviles y la adaptación a otras especies de interés zootécnico.
    Keywords: Aplicación informática ; Tilapias ; Crecimiento ; Factores de crecimiento ; Costos y rentabilidad ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
    Language: Spanish
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-07-01
    Description: The text addresses the relationship between criminology and criminal policy, highlighting its importance in understanding the criminal phenomenon and state management of crime. Key elements are explored, including the evaluative objectives of criminal policy, the relationship between state and social violence, flexibility in the choice of objectives, and operation in diverse contexts. The crucial involvement of the legislature and the need to adapt to temporality are highlighted. The text argues for new criminal policies backed by sound legal instruments and effective public administration to shape a more accurate justice system in contemporary society.
    Description: Published
    Description: El texto aborda la relación entre criminología y política criminal, destacando su importancia en la comprensión del fenómeno criminal y la gestión estatal contra la delincuencia. Se exploran elementos clave, incluyendo los objetivos valorativos de la política criminal, la relación entre violencia estatal y social, la flexibilidad en la elección de objetivos, y la operación en diversos contextos. Se destaca la crucial participación del poder legislativo y la necesidad de adaptarse a la temporalidad. El texto aboga por nuevas políticas criminales respaldadas por instrumentos legales sólidos y una administración pública eficaz para moldear un sistema de justicia más preciso en la sociedad contemporánea.
    Keywords: Criminología ; Política criminal ; Violencia estatal ; Objetivos valorativos ; Adaptación temporal ; thema EDItEUR::L Law
    Language: Spanish
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  • 4
    Unknown
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrocarbon production, gas recovery from shale, CO2 storage and water management have a common scientific underpinning: multiphase flow in porous media. This book provides a fundamental description of multiphase flow through porous rock, with emphasis on the understanding of displacement processes at the pore, or micron, scale. Fundamental equations and principal concepts using energy, momentum, and mass balance are developed, and the latest developments in high-resolution three-dimensional imaging and associated modelling are explored. The treatment is pedagogical, developing sound physical principles to predict flow and recovery through complex rock structures, while providing a review of the recent literature. This systematic approach makes it an excellent reference for those who are new to the field. Inspired by recent research, and based on courses taught to thousands of students and professionals from around the world, it provides the scientific background necessary for a quantitative assessment of multiphase subsurface flow processes, and is ideal for hydrology and environmental engineering students, as well as professionals in the hydrocarbon, water and carbon storage industries
    Pages: xx, 482 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    ISBN: 978-1-107-09346-1
    Language: English
    Branch Library: GFZ Library
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  • 5
    facet.materialart.12
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Call number: 9781107306189 (e-book)
    Description / Table of Contents: "The Earth is a dynamic system. Internal processes, together with external gravitational forces of the Sun, Moon and planets, displace the Earth's mass, impacting on its shape, rotation and gravitational field. Doug Smylie provides a rigorous overview of the dynamical behaviour of the solid Earth, explaining the theory and presenting methods for numerical implementation. Topics include advanced digital analysis, earthquake displacement fields, Free Core Nutations observed by the Very Long Baseline Interferometric technique, translational modes of the solid inner core observed by the superconducting gravimeters, and dynamics of the outer fluid core. This book is supported by freeware computer code, available online for students to implement the theory. Online materials also include a suite of graphics generated from the numerical analysis, combined with 100 graphic examples in the book to make this an ideal tool for researchers and graduate students in the fields of geodesy, seismology and solid earth geophysics"--
    Type of Medium: 12
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 543 Seiten) , Illustrationen
    Edition: Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest, 2015. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest affiliated libraries.
    ISBN: 9781107306189
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Preface and acknowledgments The book website www.cambridge.org/smylie 1 Introduction and theoretical background 1.1 Scalar, vector and tensor analysis 1.2 Separation of vector fields 1.3 Vector spherical harmonics 1.4 Elasticity theory 1.5 Linear algebraic systems 1.6 Interpolation and approximation 2 Time sequence and spectral analysis 2.1 Time domain analysis 2.2 Linear optimum Wiener filters 2.3 Frequency domain analysis 2.4 Fourier series and transforms 2.5 Power spectral density estimation 2.6 Maximum entropy spectral analysis 3 Earth deformations 3.1 Equilibrium equations 3.2 The reciprocal theorem of Betti 3.3 Radial equations: spheroidal and torsional 3.4 Dynamical equations 3.5 Solutions near the geocentre 3.6 Numerical integration of the radial equations 3.7 Fundamental, regular solutions in the inner core 4 Earth's rotation: observations and theory 4.1 Reference frames 4.2 Polar motion and wobble 4.3 The dynamics of polar motion and wobble 4.4 Nutation and motion of the celestial pole 5 Earth's figure and gravitation 5.1 Historical development 5.2 External gravity and figure 5.3 Equilibrium theory of the internal figure 5.4 Gravity coupling 6 Rotating fluids and the outer core 6.1 The inertial wave equation 6.2 Dynamics of the fluid outer core 6.3 Scaling of the core equations 6.4 Compressibility and density stratification 7 The subseisniic equation and boundary conditions 7.1 The subseismic wave equation 7.2 Deformation of the shell and inner core 8 Variational methods and core modes 8.1 A subseismic variational principle 8.2 Representation of the functional 8.3 Finite element support functions 8.4 Boundary conditions and constraints 8.5 Numerical implementation and results 8.6 Rotational splitting and viscosity 8.7 A viscosity profile for the outer core 9 Static deformations and dislocation theory 9.1 The elasticity theory of dislocations 9.2 The theory for realistic Earth models 9.3 Changes in the inertia tensor and the secular polar shift Appendix A Elementary results from vector analysis A.1 Vector identities A.2 Vector calculus identities A.3 Integral theorems Appendix B Properties of Legendre functions B.1 Recurrence relations B.2 Evaluation of Legendre functions Appendix C Numerical Earth models C.1 The Earth models References Fortran index Subject index
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  • 6
    Call number: PIK 24-95752
    In: Sachbericht
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: 77 Seiten
    Series Statement: Sachbericht
    Language: German
    Location: A 18 - must be ordered
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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  • 7
    Call number: S 99.0139(393)
    In: Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der Leibniz Universität Hannover, Nr. 393
    Description / Table of Contents: In dieser Arbeit wird eine ganzheitliche Prozesskette zur flächenhaften Modellierung von Bodenbewegungen entwickelt und am Beispiel der niedersächsischen Landesfläche erprobt. Unter Verwendung von GNSS, Nivellement und der satellitengestützten Radarinterferometrie werden zunächst Bewegungen von Objektpunkten an der Erdoberfläche bestimmt. Um die heterogenen Beobachtungen der unterschiedlichen Messverfahren verarbeiten zu können, erfolgt die kinematische Modellierung in separaten Datenanalysen. Die resultierenden Geschwindigkeiten der Objektpunkte bilden die Grundlage zur flächenhaften Approximation von Bodenbewegungen, wobei die Vorzüge der jeweiligen Beobachtungsverfahren miteinander kombiniert werden.
    Description / Table of Contents: In this work, a holistic processing chain for the modeling of ground motions is developed and tested using Lower Saxony as an example. Using GNSS, levelling and satellite-based radar interferometry, movements of measurement points on the earth’s surface are first determined. In order to process the heterogeneous observations of the different measurement methods, kinematic modeling is performed in separate data analyses. The resulting velocities of the measurement points form the basis for the areal approximation of ground motions, using the advantages of the respective observation methods.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 229 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme , 30 cm
    ISSN: 01741454
    Series Statement: Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der Leibniz Universität Hannover Nr. 393
    Language: German
    Note: Dissertation, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2024 , 1 Einleitung 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Wissenschaftlicher Beitrag der Arbeit 1.3 Aufbau der Arbeit 2 Grundlagen 2.1 Geodätische Bezugssysteme 2.1.1 Geometrische Bezugssysteme 2.1.2 Physikalische Höhenbezugssysteme 2.2 Bodenbewegungen 2.2.1 Ursachen von Bewegungsvorgängen 2.2.2 Bisherige Untersuchungen in Niedersachsen 2.3 Messverfahren zur Erfassung von Bodenbewegungen 2.3.1 Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS 2.3.2 Geometrisches Nivellement 2.3.3 Radarinterferometrie 2.4 Prozesskette zur flächenhaften Modellierung von Bodenbewegungen 2.4.1 Anforderungen 2.4.2 Konzeption 2.4.3 Datenanalyse unterschiedlicher Messverfahren 2.4.4 Flächenhafte Modellierung 2.5 Ausgewählte Bodenbewegungsdienste 2.6 Mathematische Grundlagen 2.6.1 Stochastische Prozesse 2.6.2 Parameterschätzung im Gauß-Markov-Modell 3 Fortgeschrittene Modellansätze zur Beschreibung von Bodenbewegungen 3.1 Bewegungsmodellierung von Objektpunkten 3.1.1 Modellkonfiguration 3.1.2 Analyse periodischer Bewegungsanteile 3.2 Räumliche Ausreißeranalyse 3.3 Multilevel B-Splines zur flächenhaften Bewegungsmodellierung 3.3.1 B-Spline Approximation 3.3.2 Multilevel B-Spline Approximation 3.4 Geostatistik zur flächenhaften Bewegungsmodellierung 3.4.1 Experimentelles Variogramm 3.4.2 Theoretisches Variogramm 3.4.3 Ordinary Kriging 3.4.4 Regressions-Kriging 3.5 Modellvalidierung 3.5.1 Kreuzvalidierung 3.5.2 Jackknife 3.5.3 Bootstrapping 4 Kinematische Bewegungsanalyse von Objektpunkten 4.1 Analyse von GNSS-Daten 4.1.1 Prozesskette für das Koordinatenmonitoring des Referenzstationsnetzes 4.1.2 Datengrundlage 4.1.3 Ausreißerfilterung 4.1.4 Zeitreihenanalyse 4.1.5 Berechnung von 3D-Geschwindigkeiten 4.1.6 Interpretation und Wertung 4.2 Analyse von Nivellementdaten 4.2.1 Modellansatz der kinematischen Höhenausgleichung 4.2.2 Datengrundlage 4.2.3 Datenaufbereitung 4.2.4 Berechnung von Vertikalgeschwindigkeiten 4.2.5 Interpretation und Wertung 4.3 Analyse von PSI-Daten 4.3.1 Datengrundlage 4.3.2 Zeitreihenanalyse 4.3.3 Berechnung von LOS-Geschwindigkeiten 4.3.4 Räumliche Ausreißerfilterung 4.3.5 Interpretation und Wertung 5 Flächenhafte Modellierung von PSI-Daten 5.1 Multilevel B-Spline Approximation 5.1.1 Modellkonfiguration 5.1.2 Flächenhaftes Bewegungsmodell 5.2 Ordinary Kriging 5.2.1 Räumliche Strukturanalyse 5.2.2 Flächenhaftes Bewegungsmodell 5.3.1 Trendmodell 5.3.2 Signalmodell 5.3.3 Flächenhaftes Bewegungsmodell 5.4 Vergleich der Modellansätze 6 Berechnung eines niedersächsischen Bodenbewegungsmodells 6.1 Aufnahmegeometrie von Radarsatelliten 6.2 Geodätische Modellkalibrierung 6.2.1 Bestimmung von Korrektionswerten 6.2.2 Flächenhaftes Korrektionsmodell 6.2.3 Kalibriertes Bewegungsmodell 6.3 Trennung der Bodenbewegungskomponenten 6.3.1 Methodik 6.3.2 Flächenhafte Vertikalbewegungen 6.3.3 Flächenhafte Horizontalbewegungen 6.3.4 Interpretation und Wertung 7 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 7.1 Zusammenfassung 7.2 Ausblick Inhaltsverzeichnis Anhang A Kinematische Bewegungsanalyse von Objektpunkten A.1 Analyse von GNSS-Daten A.2 Analyse von Nivellementdaten A.3 Analyse von PSI-Daten B Flächenhafte Modellierung von PSI-Daten B.1 Multilevel B-Spline Approximation B.2 Ordinary Kriging B.3 Regressions-Kriging B.4 Vergleich der Modellansätze C Berechnung eines niedersächsischen Bodenbewegungsmodells C.1 Geodätische Modellkalibrierung C.2 Trennung der Bodenbewegungskomponenten Literaturverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis Danksagung Lebenslauf
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  • 8
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hannover : Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der Leibniz-Universität Hannover
    Associated volumes
    Call number: S 99.0139(396)
    In: Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der Leibniz Universität Hannover, Nr. 396
    Description / Table of Contents: With increasing urbanization, a well-functioning transport infrastructure that takes into account the needs of the society is becoming more and more important. In particular, a high proportion of motorized traffic can cause far-reaching problems that affect large parts of the urban population, such as traffic congestion or increased air pollution. To counteract this trend, an optimized distribution of traffic flows could improve the situation from a societal perspective. Since most routing decisions are made based on digital maps before the journey starts, clear and intuitive visualization is crucial for conveying the cartographic information to the traveler. While most existing services typically provide the most efficient routing options in terms of travel time, newer approaches attempt to guide drivers to societally favorable routes. These take into account societally relevant factors, which are referred to as scenarios in this thesis, and include environmental issues such as traffic congestion or air pollution. However, since such a societally favorable route is not necessarily efficient for the individual traveler, it is important to convince the traveler to choose a seemingly less efficient route. For this purpose, an automatic method for visualizing route maps is developed, which calculates societally favorable routes, and communicates them visually to the end user in such a way that the user would prefer to use them. For this communication, different visual variables of cartography are used, whose usage is adapted to the different scenarios and controlled by scenario-specific thresholds. Based on the goal of dynamic distribution of traffic flows, the proposed method recommends routes that are not necessarily the shortest or fastest, but rather those that seek to avoid unfavorable or hazardous paths or areas. The proposed design variants of route maps use a large variety of symbolization techniques; including classic visual variables of cartography such as color, size or pattern, but also more abstract methods that use cartographic generalization techniques.
    Description / Table of Contents: Mit zunehmender Verstädterung gewinnt eine gut funktionierende Verkehrsinfrastruktur, die den Bedürfnissen der Gesellschaft Rechnung trägt, immer mehr an Bedeutung. Insbesondere ein hoher Anteil an motorisiertem Verkehr kann weitreichende Probleme verursachen, die große Teile der Stadtbevölkerung betreffen, wie z.B. Verkehrsstaus oder erhöhte Luftverschmutzung. Um dieser Entwicklung entgegenzuwirken, könnte eine optimierte Verteilung der Verkehrsströme die Situation für die Gemeinschaft verbessern. Da die meisten Routing-Entscheidungen vor Reiseantritt auf der Grundlage digitaler Karten getroffen werden, ist eine klare und intuitive Visualisierung entscheidend für die Vermittlung kartografischer Informationen an den Reisenden. Während die meisten bestehenden Dienste in der Regel die effizientesten Routing-Optionen im Hinblick auf die Reisezeit bieten, versuchen neuere Ansätze, die Fahrer auf gesellschaftlich vorteilhafte Routen zu leiten. Diese berücksichtigen gesellschaftlich relevante Faktoren, die in dieser Arbeit als Szenarien bezeichnet werden. Darunter fallen Umweltprobleme wie Verkehrsstaus oder Luftverschmutzung. Da eine solche gesellschaftlich vorteilhafte Route für den einzelnen Reisenden jedoch nicht zwangsläufig effizient ist, ist es wichtig, den Reisenden davon zu überzeugen, eine scheinbar weniger effiziente Route zu wählen. Dazu wird im Rahmen der Arbeit ein automatisches Verfahren zur Visualisierung von Routenkarten entwickelt, welches gesellschaftlich vorteilhafte Routen berechnet und diese so visuell dem Endnutzer kommuniziert, dass dieser sie bevorzugt nutzen möchte. Für diese Kommunikation kommen verschiedene visuelle Variablen der Kartographie zum Einsatz, deren Verwendung auf die verschiedenen Szenarien angepasst sind und über Szenario-spezifische Schwellwerte gesteuert werden. Basierend auf dem Ziel einer dynamischen Verteilung der Verkehrsströme empfiehlt die vorgeschlagene Methode Routen, die nicht unbedingt die kürzesten oder schnellsten sind, sondern vielmehr solche Routen, die ungünstige oder gefährliche Wege oder Bereiche zu vermeiden versuchen. Die vorgeschlagenen Designvarianten von Routenkarten nutzen eine Vielzahl von Symbolisierungstechniken; darunter klassische, visuelle Variablen der Kartographie wie Farbe, Größe oder Muster, aber auch abstraktere Methoden, die kartographische Generalisierungstechniken verwenden.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 207 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme , 30 cm
    ISSN: 01741454
    Series Statement: Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der Leibniz Universität Hannover Nr. 396
    Language: English
    Note: Dissertation, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2024 , 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation and problem statemen 1.2 Research objectives and key hypotheses 1.3 Structure of the thesis 2 Theoretical background 2.1 Visual communication with maps 2.2 Route choice factors 2.3 Cartographic symbolization 2.3.1 Visual variables 2.3.1.1 Levels of organization of visual variables 2.3.1.2 ‘Original visual variables’ as proposed by Bertin 2.3.1.3 Visual variable additions 2.3.1.4 Experimental visual variables 2.3.1.5 Conjunctions of visual variables 2.3.1.6 Dynamic visual variables 2.3.2 Cartographic design tools 2.3.3 Visual metaphor 2.3.4 Cartographic generalization and map abstraction 2.3.4.1 Insights from cognitive mapping research 2.3.4.2 Elementary processes of cartographic generalization 2.3.4.3 Cartographic generalization algorithms 2.4 Nudging 2.5 Maps and emotions 2.5.1 Classifying emotions 2.5.2 Instruments for measuring emotions 2.6 Map-related usability testing 2.6.1 Types of user study designs 2.6.2 Statistical analysis of user survey results 2.6.2.1 Descriptive statistics 2.6.2.2 Basic statistical tests and models 2.6.2.3 Sophisticated statistical models for non-parametric data 2.6.2.4 Statistical significance 2.6.2.5 Main effect and post-hoc tests 2.6.2.6 Effect sizes 2.6.2.7 Inter-rater reliability 2.6.2.8 Software for statistical analysis 3 Related work 3.1 Visual route communication using visual variables 3.2 Cartographic generalization for route map communication 3.3 Map-based visualization of environmental hazards 3.4 The role of emotions in map-based communication 3.5 Research gap addressed in this thesis 4 Framework and data preprocessing 4.1 Research framework 4.2 Scenarios 4.2.1 Traffic 4.2.2 Air quality 4.3 Routing 4.3.1 Data basis for route calculation 4.3.2 Calculation of favorable routes 4.3.3 Routing results 5 Visualization concepts for designing ‘social’ route maps 5.1 Map symbols 5.2 Data-based calculation of graphical differences in symbolization 5.3 Visually modified geometry 5.3.1 Line distortion and simplification 5.3.1.1 Line distortion 5.3.1.2 Line simplification 5.3.1.3 Combined approach 5.3.1.4 Topological issues and further adaptions 5.3.2 Length distortion using PUSH 5.3.3 Application to discrete areas: Geometric deformation of risk zones 5.4 Examples of route map design variants 5.4.1 Design variants for symbolizing route favorability 5.4.2 Application of the methodology to discrete objects 6 Usability evaluation of proposed route map design variants 6.1 User study 1: Subjective usability – Attractiveness, intuitiveness and suitability of design variants 6.1.1 Sub-hypotheses 6.1.2 Study design 6.1.3 Participants 6.1.4 Results – Intuitiveness and suitability 6.1.5 Results – Attractiveness 6.1.6 Discussion and conclusion – User study 1 6.2 User study 2: Objective usability – Effectiveness of line objects for influencing route choice in the traffic scenario 6.2.1 Common design specifications in user study 2 and user study 3 6.2.2 Sub-hypotheses 6.2.3 Route maps 6.2.4 Design variants 6.2.5 Calculation of graphical differences among design variants and modification intensities 6.2.6 Study design 6.2.7 Participants 6.2.8 Results – User study 2 6.2.8.1 Influencing route choice 6.2.8.2 Decision time 6.2.8.3 Route characteristics 6.2.8.4 Map use habits 6.2.9 Discussion – User study 2 6.2.9.1 Effectiveness for influencing route choice behavior 6.2.9.2 The role of time during decision making 6.2.9.3 Relations between route choice and route characteristics 6.2.9.4 Transferability of the findings to real world applications 6.2.10 Conclusion – User study 2 6.2.11 Modification of line objects using dynamic visual variables 6.3 User study 3: Objective usability – The impact of visual communication and emotions on route choice decision making using modification of line and area objects 6.3.1 Sub-hypotheses 6.3.2 Route maps 6.3.3 Design variants 6.3.3.1 Line modifications 6.3.3.2 Area modifications 6.3.3.3 Line + area modifications 6.3.4 Study design 6.3.5 Participants 6.3.6 Results – User study 3 6.3.6.1 H1: Shift towards choosing the societally favorable route 6.3.6.2 H2: Scenario-dependent willingness to adapt route choice behavior 6.3.6.3 H3: Scenario-dependent effectiveness of symbolization dimensions 6.3.6.4 H4: Influence of combining multiple visual variables in one representation 6.3.6.5 H5: Emotional responses to map symbols 6.3.6.6 H6: Effect of emotions on route choice decision making 6.3.6.7 Helpfulness of map visualizations 6.3.6.8 Route choice strategies 6.3.6.9 Text-based sentiment analysis 6.3.6.10 Suitability of visualizations 6.3.6.11 Further factors influencing route choice 6.3.7 Discussion – User study 3 6.3.7.1 Influence of different design variants on route choice 6.3.7.2 The effect of emotions on route choice 6.3.7.3 Limitations of the study design 6.3.7.4 Outlook 6.3.8 Conclusion – User study 3 7 Interactive web-based visualization of route maps 7.1 Application architecture 7.2 User interface and functionalities 7.3 User assessment to usability of the application 7.4 Usability test – Results 7.5 Limitations and future adaptions 8 Implications of the findings 8.1 Agreement with key hypotheses 8.2 Assessment regarding successful design variants for influencing route choice towards a societally favorable route 8.3 Limitations and challenges 8.4 Suggestions for future research 8.5 Summary and contribution of the dissertation Appendix Bibliography Curriculum vitae Acknowledgments
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  • 9
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Hannover : Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der Leibniz Unviersität Hannover
    Associated volumes
    Call number: S 99.0139(395)
    In: Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der Leibniz Universität Hannover, Nr. 395
    Description / Table of Contents: Die hochgenaue, geometrische Erfassung von Objekten und deren Umfeld mit geodätischen Messsystemen wie Lasertrackern und 3D Laserscannern wird bereits seit einigen Jahren durchgeführt. Bei langgezogenen Profilen, z. B. Führungs-, Fahr-, und Leitschienen, mit Längen von bis zu mehreren hundert Metern, wie sie bei Kranbahnen oder Hochregallagern vorkommen, ist bisher eine punktuelle, linienhafte Erfassung üblich. Aus den Messdaten werden Zustandsgrößen abgeleitet, die in Richtlinien, wie z. B. der VDI 3576 beschrieben sind. Zur Reduzierung der Absturzgefahr beim Signalisieren hochliegender Schienenprofile und zur Beschleunigung des Messprozesses, können motorisierte Plattformen für den Transport von Reflektoren eingesetzt werden. Es wird ein Bewegungs- und Auswertemodell für ein mit hoher Abtastrate messendes kinematisches System erarbeitet, so dass die tatsächliche Lage von Führungs-, Fahr-, und Leitschienen mit einer Unsicherheit im Submillimeterbereich bestimmt werden kann. Damit die Messung für die Praxis relevant wird, können die Ergebnisse unmittelbar ausgewertet werden. Aus den Messdaten lassen sich für eine objektive Beurteilung des Zustands von Profilen und Befestigungen folgende Zustandsparameter ableiten: Lage, Z-Werte, Neigung und Zustand der Schiene und deren Befestigung. Die Qualität der Messungen und Zustandsparameter lässt sich qualitätsgesichert durch Auflösung und Standardabweichung nachweisen.
    Description / Table of Contents: The high-precision, geometric capture of objects and their surroundings with geodetic measurement systems such as laser trackers and 3D laser scanners has already been carried out for several years. In the case of elongated profiles, e.g. guide rails, carriage rails and guard rails, with lengths of up to several hundred meters, such as those found in crane runways or high-bay warehouses, a point-by-point, line-by-line recording has been common practice up to now. Condition variables are derived from the measurement data, which are described in guidelines such as VDI 3576. To reduce the risk of falling when signaling high-lying profiles and to speed up the measurement process, motorized platforms can be used to transport reflectors. A motion and evaluation model for a kinematic system measuring at a high sampling rate will be developed, so that the actual position of guide rails can be determined with an uncertainty in the submillimeter range. To make the measurement relevant for practical applications, the results can be evaluated immediately.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: 158 Seiten , Illustrationen, Tabellen, Diagramme , 30 cm
    ISSN: 01741454
    Series Statement: Wissenschaftliche Arbeiten der Fachrichtung Geodäsie und Geoinformatik der Leibniz Universität Hannover Nr. 395
    Language: German
    Note: Dissertation, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2024 , Abkürzungsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Einleitung 1.1 Motivation 1.2 Zielsetzung 1.3 Aufbau der Arbeit 2 Stand der Technik im Bereich der Vermessung von Schienenanlagen der Intralogistik 2.1 Elemente von Schienenanlagen der Intralogistik 2.1.1 Schienen und Profilstähle 2.1.2 Schienenlagerungssysteme 2.1.3 Schienenstöße, Festpunkte, Endbegrenzer, An- und Einbauten 2.1.4 Schienengebundene Krane 2.2 Rechtlicher Rahmen, Richtlinien und klassische Zustandsgrößen 2.2.1 Rechtlicher Rahmen 2.2.2 Richtlinien 2.2.3 Klassische Zustandsgrößen 2.2.4 Kritische Betrachtung 2.3 Vermessung von Schienenanlagen der Intralogistik 2.3.1 Koordinatensystem 2.3.2 Vermessung mit Theodolit, Bandmaß und Nivellier 2.3.3 Alignierverfahren mit Laser 2.3.4 Vermessung mit Tachymeter oder Lasertracker 2.3.5 Automatisierte Systeme mit georeferenzierendem Sensor 3 Grundlagen zur Bestimmung der geometrischen Zustandsgrößen von Profilen 3.1 Rekursive Filterung im Zustandsraum 3.1.1 Wahrscheinlichkeiten, Satz von Bayes, Verteilungen 3.1.2 Bayes Filter 3.1.3 Kalman Filter 3.1.4 Extended Kalman Filter 3.1.5 Unscented Kalman Filter 3.1.6 Unscented Rauch Tung Striebel Smoother 3.1.7 Fazit 3.2 Geometrische Modellierung von Kurven 3.2.1 Polynome 3.2.2 Splines 3.2.3 B-Splines 4 Profilvermessungssystem 4.1 Neue Zustandsgrößen 4.2 Sensorik 4.2.1 Georeferenzierender Sensor 4.2.2 Profillaserscanner 4.2.3 Kameras 4.2.4 Inklinometer 4.2.5 Inertiale Messeinheit 4.2.6 Encoder 4.2.7 Ultraschallsensoren 4.2.8 Sensorintegration 4.3 Profilvermessungssystem 4.3.1 Plattform 4.3.2 Antriebseinheit 4.3.3 Seitenführung 4.3.4 Schwingen 4.3.5 Halterung Sensorik 4.3.6 Drehvorrichtung für Reflektor 4.4 Erreichbare Messunsicherheiten 4.5 Datensynchronisierung und Datenhaltungskonzept 4.5.1 Anforderung an die Synchronisierung 4.5.2 Synchronisierung über die Zeit 4.5.3 Synchronisierung im Objektraum 4.5.4 Datenhaltungskonzept 4.6 Kalibrierung 4.6.1 Komponentenkalibrierung 4.6.2 Systemkalibrierung 5 Zustandsgrößen einer überarbeiteten VDI 3576 5.1 Messdatenerfassung und -aufbereitung 5.1.1 Messdatenerfassung 5.1.2 Orientierungsparameter aus Positionsdaten 5.1.3 Aufbereitung der Lasertracker- oder Tachymeterdaten 5.1.4 Korrektur der Beschleunigungswerte von der Erdschwere 5.1.5 Korrektur der Inklinometermesswerte von Beschleunigungseinflüsse 5.1.6 Korrektur der Längs- und Querablage 5.2 Sensorfusion für die Georeferenzierung des Profilmesswagens 5.2.1 Quaternionen 5.2.2 Adaptive Filterung der Inertial Measurment Unit (IMU)-Messwerte 5.2.3 Funktionales Modell 5.2.4 Stochastisches Modell 5.2.5 Steigerung der Zuverlässigkeit der Filterung 6 Testmessung und Validierung des kinematischen Multisensorsystems 6.1 Durchführung einer kinematischen Schienenmessung mit dem Profilvermessungssystem 6.2 Qualitätssicherung des Messprozesses 6.3 Messkampagne I: Messung unter Laborbedingungen 6.3.1 Auswertung 6.3.2 Einfacher Ansatz zum Finden weiterer Zustandsgrößen 6.3.3 Zusammenfassung 6.4 Messkampagne II: Messung unter realen Bedingungen 6.4.1 Messumgebung 6.4.2 Messkonzept und Netzplanung 6.4.3 Ergebnisse und Bewertung der Netzmessung 6.5 Qualitätsaussagen zu dem Profilvermessungssystem 6.5.1 Bewertung der Kalibrierparameter 6.5.2 Einordnung der Ergebnisse der referenzierten Scanprofile 6.5.3 Validierung der referenzierten Profile 6.5.4 Extraktion der praktischen Schienenachspunkte aus den 3D Punktwolken 6.5.5 Zustandsgrößen nach der VDI 3576:2011-03 6.5.6 Kameraufnahmen 7 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 7.1 Zusammenfassung 7.2 Beurteilung 7.3 Ausblick A Ergänzendes Material A.1 Soll-Ist Vergleich von dem 3D CAD Modell des Kalibrierkörpers und dem mit der Leica T-Scan gescannten 3D Druck A.2 Abtastrate der Sensoren A.3 Ablaufschema für eine Messung mit dem kinematischen Profilvermessungssystem Messsystem A.4 Ergebnisse der Filterung aller Sensordaten. Messkampagne I, 1. Messfahrt (Labor) A.5 Innovationen nach Sensor getrennt. Messkampagne I, 1. Messfahrt (Labor) Literaturverzeichnis Abbildungsverzeichnis Tabellenverzeichnis
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  • 10
    Call number: AWI Bio-24-95742
    Description / Table of Contents: The arctic is warming 2 – 4 times faster than the global average, resulting in a strong feedback on northern ecosystems such as boreal forests, which cover a vast area of the high northern latitudes. With ongoing global warming, the treeline subsequently migrates northwards into tundra areas. The consequences of turning ecosystems are complex: on the one hand, boreal forests are storing large amounts of global terrestrial carbon and act as a carbon sink, dragging carbon dioxide out of the global carbon cycle, suggesting an enhanced carbon uptake with increased tree cover. On the other hand, with the establishment of trees, the albedo effect of tundra decreases, leading to enhanced soil warming. Meanwhile, permafrost thaws, releasing large amounts of previously stored carbon into the atmosphere. So far, mainly vegetation dynamics have been assessed when studying the impact of warming onto ecosystems. Most land plants are living in close symbiosis with bacterial and fungal communities, sustaining their growth in nutrient poor habitats. However, the impact of climate change on these subsoil communities alongside changing vegetation cover remains poorly understood. Therefore, a better understanding of soil community dynamics on multi millennial timescales is inevitable when addressing the development of entire ecosystems. Unravelling long-term cross-kingdom dependencies between plant, fungi, and bacteria is not only a milestone for the assessment of warming on boreal ecosystems. On top, it also is the basis for agriculture strategies to sustain society with sufficient food in a future warming world. The first objective of this thesis was to assess ancient DNA as a proxy for reconstructing the soil microbiome (Manuscripts I, II, III, IV). Research findings across these projects enable a comprehensive new insight into the relationships of soil microorganisms to the surrounding vegetation. First, this was achieved by establishing (Manuscript I) and applying (Manuscript II) a primer pair for the selective amplification of ancient fungal DNA from lake sediment samples with the metabarcoding approach. To assess fungal and plant co-variation, the selected primer combination (ITS67, 5.8S) amplifying the ITS1 region was applied on samples from five boreal and arctic lakes. The obtained data showed that the establishment of fungal communities is impacted by warming as the functional ecological groups are shifting. Yeast and saprotroph dominance during the Late Glacial declined with warming, while the abundance of mycorrhizae and parasites increased with warming. The overall species richness was also alternating. The results were compared to shotgun sequencing data reconstructing fungi and bacteria (Manuscripts III, IV), yielding overall comparable results to the metabarcoding approach. Nonetheless, the comparison also pointed out a bias in the metabarcoding, potentially due to varying ITS lengths or copy numbers per genome. The second objective was to trace fungus-plant interaction changes over time (Manuscripts II, III). To address this, metabarcoding targeting the ITS1 region for fungi and the chloroplast P6 loop for plants for the selective DNA amplification was applied (Manuscript II). Further, shotgun sequencing data was compared to the metabarcoding results (Manuscript III). Overall, the results between the metabarcoding and the shotgun approaches were comparable, though a bias in the metabarcoding was assumed. We demonstrated that fungal shifts were coinciding with changes in the vegetation. Yeast and lichen were mainly dominant during the Late Glacial with tundra vegetation, while warming in the Holocene lead to the expansion of boreal forests with increasing mycorrhizae and parasite abundance. Aside, we highlighted that Pinaceae establishment is dependent on mycorrhizal fungi such as Suillineae, Inocybaceae, or Hyaloscypha species also on long-term scales. The third objective of the thesis was to assess soil community development on a temporal gradient (Manuscripts III, IV). Shotgun sequencing was applied on sediment samples from the northern Siberian lake Lama and the soil microbial community dynamics compared to ecosystem turnover. Alongside, podzolization processes from basaltic bedrock were recovered (Manuscript III). Additionally, the recovered soil microbiome was compared to shotgun data from granite and sandstone catchments (Manuscript IV, Appendix). We assessed if the establishment of the soil microbiome is dependent on the plant taxon and as such comparable between multiple geographic locations or if the community establishment is driven by abiotic soil properties and as such the bedrock area. We showed that the development of soil communities is to a great extent driven by the vegetation changes and temperature variation, while time only plays a minor role. The analyses showed general ecological similarities especially between the granite and basalt locations, while the microbiome on species-level was rather site-specific. A greater number of correlated soil taxa was detected for deep-rooting boreal taxa in comparison to grasses with shallower roots. Additionally, differences between herbaceous taxa of the late Glacial compared to taxa of the Holocene were revealed. With this thesis, I demonstrate the necessity to investigate subsoil community dynamics on millennial time scales as it enables further understanding of long-term ecosystem as well as soil development processes and such plant establishment. Further, I trace long-term processes leading to podzolization which supports the development of applied carbon capture strategies under future global warming.
    Type of Medium: Dissertations
    Pages: xii, 198 Seiten , Illustrationen, Diagramme
    Language: English
    Note: Dissertation, Universität Potsdam, 2024 , Table of Contents Summary Deutsche Zusammenfassung 1 Introduction 1.1 Arctic ecosystems under global warming 1.2 The plant-associated microbiome 1.3 Drivers of soil development 1.4 Ancient DNA to unravel past ecosystems 1.4.1 Lake sediments as archives of past community changes 1.4.2 Metabarcoding for targeting specific communities 1.4.3 Shotgun sequencing for broader overview 1.5 Thesis objective 1.6 Thesis outline and author contributions 2 Manuscript I 2.1 Abstract 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Materials and Methods 2.3.1 Primer design and evaluation In silico analyses Evaluation of lake sediment core DNA for analyses of fungal paleoecology 2.4 Results Primer design and evaluation Evaluation of lake sediment core DNA for fungal paleoecology 2.4.1 Taxonomic resolution across the cores 2.4.2 Comprehensiveness: Rarefaction and accumulation curves 2.4.3 Amplicon length and GC content to assess bias through degradation 2.4.4 General taxonomic composition of fungi in Siberian lake sediment cores Diversity of fungal paleocommunities from lake CH12 2.5 Discussion 2.5.1 Preservation biases and potential contamination 2.5.2 Characteristics of the optimized sedaDNA ITS1 metabarcoding assay 2.5.3 Potential of lake sediment fungal DNA for paleoecology 2.6 Author contributions 2.7 Acknowledgements 2.8 Conflict of interest 2.9 References 3 Manuscript II 3.1 Abstract 3.2 Introduction 3.3 Geographic setting and study sites 3.4 Materials and Methods 3.4.1 Sampling 3.4.2 DNA extraction and amplification 3.4.3 Bioinformatic analysis 3.4.4 Assessment of negative controls and contamination 3.4.5 Statistical analysis and visualization 3.5 Results 3.5.1 Fungi: sedaDNA sequencing results and overall patterns of alpha diversity and taxonomic composition 3.5.2 Vegetation: sedaDNA sequencing results and overall patterns of alpha diversity and taxonomic composition 3.5.3 Site-specific plant-fungus covariation 3.5.3.1 Fungus and plant covariation in arctic Siberia from MIS3 to the Holocene 3.5.3.2 Quantitative relationships between fungi and plant richness and composition 3.6 Discussion 3.6.1 Fungus and plant diversity along a spatiotemporal gradient in Siberia 3.6.2 Changes in ecosystem functioning over a spatiotemporal gradient 3.6.3 Implications of our results for ecosystem functioning and future research avenues 3.7 Conclusions Funding Availability of data and material Author contribution Declaration of competing interest Acknowledgements 3.8 References 4 Manuscript III 4.1 Abstract 4.2 Introduction 4.3 Results and Discussion 4.3.1 Compositional changes of plants, fungi, and bacteria in ancient metagenomic datasets 4.3.2 Long-term soil development: a trajectory or environmentally driven processes? 4.3.3 Bioweathering supported by lichens and mycorrhiza 4.3.4 Turnover in carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur cycling 4.3.5 Tracing podzolization 4.4 Implications and conclusions 4.5 Material and methods 4.5.1 Geographical setting and study site 4.5.2 X-ray fluorescence scanning of the sediment core 4.5.3 Core sub-sampling 4.5.4 DNA extraction 4.5.5 Single stranded DNA library build 4.5.6 Bioinformatic pipeline for the analysis of the sequencing results 4.5.7 Data analysis 4.5.8 Analysis of the ancient patterns 4.5.9 Statistical analysis of the dataset Acknowledgements 4.6 References Declarations 5 Discussion and synthesis 5.1 Long-term rhizosphere establishment in tundra and taiga areas 5.1.1 SedaDNA as a proxy for soil microbiome 5.1.1.1 Fungal DNA metabarcoding 5.1.1.2 Targeting soil communities with shotgun sequencing 5.1.1.3 Comparison between metabarcoding and shotgun sequencing for the soil microbiome 5.1.2 Fungi-vegetation interaction changes over time 5.1.3 Soil development on a temporal gradient 5.2 Conclusion and future perspectives 6 References 7 Appendix 7.1 Appendix to manuscript I 7.2 Appendix to manuscript II 7.3 Appendix to manuscript III 7.4 Manuscript IV 7.4.1 Abstract 7.4.2 Introduction 7.4.3 Geographical setting and study sites 7.4.4 Material & Methods 7.4.4.1 Sub-sampling of the sediment cores 7.4.4.2 DNA extraction 7.4.4.3 Single stranded DNA library built 7.4.4.4 Bioinformatic pipeline for the analysis of the sequencing data 7.4.4.5 Data analysis 7.4.4.6 Statistical analysis of the datasets 7.4.5 Results 7.4.5.1 Compositional changes of representative plant taxa alongside dynamics in fungal ecologies and bacterial element cycling in ancient metagenomic datasets 7.4.5.2 Impact of abiotic and biotic drivers on soil establishment across geographical locations 7.4.5.3 Relative positive correlations of functional soil taxa with plants across the locations 7.4.5.4 Assessment of the plant taxon-specific microbiome across the locations 7.4.6 Discussion 7.4.6.1 Site-specific soil development 7.4.6.2 Differences in the bedrock 7.4.6.3 Correlation between the lake biota 7.4.6.3.1 General Trends in positively correlated rhizosphere taxa 7.4.6.3.2 Plant taxa specific microbiome 7.4.7 Implications and future directions 7.4.8 References 7.4.9 Supplement to manuscript IV Acknowledgements Eidesstattliche Erklärung Damage pattern analysis – Auflagen Doktorarbeit Summary Main References
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