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  • Books  (23)
  • Geographical Information System.  (12)
  • Hydrology.
  • Cham :Springer International Publishing :  (23)
  • 910  (12)
  • 577  (7)
  • 551.5  (4)
  • 1
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Biotic communities. ; Pollution. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Ecology. ; Ecosystems. ; Pollution. ; Water.
    Abstract: This book is the final installation in a three-volume series synthesizing 30 years of mercury research in the Florida Everglades. The first part of this book evaluates the occurrence of trends in both biota mercury concentrations and atmospheric mercury deposition. Through both empirical and deterministic analyses, the likely drivers of biota trends are identified. These analyses help lay the predicate for devising an overall strategy to mitigate and manage the Everglades mercury problem. The book concludes with a model analysis of the likely benefits and uncertainty attendant with implementing the leading candidate strategy for best reducing the Everglades mercury problem.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 164 p. 78 illus., 72 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030556358
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Animal culture. ; Sustainability. ; Geographic information systems. ; Environment. ; Ecology. ; Animal Science. ; Sustainability. ; Geographical Information System. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Introduction to squirrels of the world and their conservation trends. Chapter 1: The World’s Squirrel Taxonomy -- Chapter 2: Evolution, habitat trends, and extinction rate estimates of the world squirrels -- Part 2: Squirrels of the world in the Anthropocene. Chapter 3: Habitat Trends and the Squirrel-Human Interface -- Chapter 4: A Meta-analysis based on Open Access Big Data Mining of Global Predicted Squirrel Distribution Models with Machine Learning for IUCN Conservation Status and Trend Policy Assessments -- Chapter 5: Squirrels in Cities -- Chapter : Squirrels in the Tropics -- Chapter 7: Squirrels on Islands -- Chapter 8: Tree squirrels in old-growth forests? -- Chapter 9: Can squirrels be used as indicators to identify and protect old-growth forest reserves? -- Chapter 10: Squirrel Economics -- Part 3: Problems and governance in the squirrel world. Chapter 11: Squirrel Hunting Regulations and Enforcement (Or Lack Thereof) -- Chapter 12: Where do the World’s Squirrel Hotspots and Coldspots of 230+ species go with Climate change 2100? -- Chapter 13: Squirrel’s marginalization and modern lack of conservation and poor sustainability outlook as a call to good action -- Part 4: First conclusions and the way forward. Chapter 14: A Conservation Management SWOT analysis for over 300 Squirrels of the World using 132 GIS layers confirming the PESTLE assessment -- Chapter 15: First Conclusions, Success stories, and Calls-to-action for the conservation of the world’s squirrels.
    Abstract: This book attempts to move the family of squirrels (Sciuridae) out of the shadow of large charismatic mammals and to highlight management failures with the goal of moving towards an improved conservation approach. Particular attention is paid to the influence of taxonomic science on squirrel conservation. In addition, the authors show how human-driven climate change, global change and modern politics are shaping global squirrel populations as well as their surrounding environments and ecosystems. Squirrels are widespread around the globe, naturally occurring on every continent except Antarctica and Oceania, and they are certainly among the animals most commonly encountered in everyday life. Despite this, the authors of this volume identify worrying gaps in squirrel conservation. Squirrels are often hunted, trapped, poached, and stressed, and management strategies and legislation are often devised in the absence of proper knowledge of issues such as population sizes, taxonomies, and trends. Together, this can result in severe population declines and even species extinction. By assessing their taxonomic situation, ecology, the evolution and divergence of Sciuridae around the globe, and squirrels’ well-being across habitats, the authors set a baseline from which to launch future investigations into the conservation of squirrels and other species. Additionally, the authors highlight the influences of climate change, unsustainable growth, and various man-made threats to the future of this family.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 380 p. 228 illus., 221 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031235474
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environmental geography. ; Medical informatics. ; Geographic information systems. ; Medical economics. ; Medical care. ; Integrated Geography. ; Health Informatics. ; Geographical Information System. ; Health Economics. ; Health Care.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 -- Introduction. Chapter 2 -- The shape of Japan: methods and data. Chapter 3 -- Death across life courses. Chapter 4 -- Cancer deaths. Chapter 5 -- Deaths from cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Chapter 6 -- Other major causes of death. Chapter 7 -- Synthesis.
    Abstract: This new health atlas of Japan presents a series of maps about the health of the contemporary Japanese population, i.e. detailed maps of health indicators in small areas using cartograms. This is the first comprehensive small-area based health atlas about contemporary Japan using vital statistics from 1995-2014. Each map is supplemented with concise explanations written by leading epidemiologists and health geographers in Japan. The book employs various cutting-edge methods in spatial epidemiology, Bayesian spatial smoothing for the reliable mapping of mortality indices, advanced cartographic transformations using the concept of aerial cartograms, and summary statistics of socioeconomic health inequalities. The atlas highlights geographical aspects of social gradients in health by comparing mortality maps with distribution of deprivation index during the recent long-lasting economic stagnation period of Japan known as the lost decades. This health atlas will be a useful resource for international comparisons between Japan and other advanced countries in terms of health and related socioeconomic disparities between regions. It will be of interest to public health practitioners, administrators, researchers and students working on health geography and public health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 343 p. 336 illus., 335 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030227074
    Series Statement: Global Perspectives on Health Geography,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: Geography. ; Underwater archaeology. ; Geographic information systems. ; Cultural property. ; Archaeology. ; Anthropology. ; Geography. ; Maritime Archaeology. ; Geographical Information System. ; Archaeology and Heritage. ; Cultural Heritage. ; Anthropology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Remains of the shipwreck: an introduction to the Iberian maritime and underwater landscape -- Chapter2. A paradigm of inter and multidisciplinary research: The ForSEAdiscovery project as a case study -- Chapter3. Life and Death in the Spanish Carrera de Indias: ships, merchants, cargoes and routes -- Chapter4. Iberian Ships of the Early Modern Period -- Chapter5. Ship Types in Portugal -- Chapter6. The Iberian Peninsula between two Seas: Shipbuilding Revolution in the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean, 14th–15th centuries -- Chapter7. An insight into Mediterranean naval architecture in the 16th century through the texts of Nicolò Sagri (1538–1571). A comparative perspective with Ibero-Atlantic shipbuilding -- Chapter8. From the Baltic Sea to Andalusia: North European timber (and traders) in 16th-century Seville -- Chapter9. Supplying timber for His Majesty’s fleets: forest resources and maritime struggle in Portugal (1621–1634) -- Chapter10. Historical Documents as sources for the study of shipbuilding in Spain -- Chapter11. Iberian Documents and Treaties on shipbuilding -- Chapter12. Maritime vocabulary in texts: Fray Joseph de Ledesma (1701) -- Chapter13. GIS application on 16th-18th centuries Iberian Shipwrecks.
    Abstract: This two-volume set highlights the importance of Iberian shipbuilding in the centuries of the so-called first globalization (15th to 18th), in confluence with an unprecedented extension of ocean navigation and seafaring and a greater demand for natural resources (especially timber), mostly oak (Quercus spp.) and Pine (Pinus spp.). The chapters are framed in a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary line of research that integrates history, Geographic Information Sciences, underwater archaeology, dendrochronology and wood provenance techniques. This line of research was developed during the ForSEAdiscovery project, which had a great impact in the academic and scientific world and brought together experts from Europe and America. The volumes deliver a state-of-the-art review of the latest lines of research related to Iberian maritime history and archaeology and their developing interdisciplinary interaction with dendroarchaeology. This synthesis combines an analysis of historical sources, the systematic study of wreck-remains and material culture related to Iberian seafaring from the 15th to the 18th centuries, and the application of earth sciences, including dendrochronology. The set can be used as a manual or work guide for experts and students, and will also be an interesting read for non-experts interested in the subject. Volume 1 focuses on the history and archaeology of seafaring and shipbuilding in the Iberian early modern world, complemented by case studies on timber trade and supply for shipbuilding, analysis of shipbuilding treatises, and the application of Geographic Information Systems and Databases (GIS) to the study of shipwrecks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 373 p. 22 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030864606
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Quality of life. ; Regional economics. ; Spatial economics. ; Sociology, Urban. ; Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Quality of Life Research. ; Regional and Spatial Economics. ; Urban Sociology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1-Land use and land cover change: advancing with geographic information science -- Chapter 2-Land use in Ontario: challenges in land use classification -- Chapter 3-The golden horseshoe: land use from past to present -- Chapter 4-First nations reserves in Ontario: effects of urban sprawl -- Chapter 5-Archaeological heritage and urban sprawl: corridors of change -- Chapter 6-The cityscape: urban growth in Toronto -- Chapter 7-Land use and health perception -- Chapter 8-Environmental injustice in southern Ontario -- Chapter 9-Happiness and land use. .
    Abstract: This book presents a systematic analysis of challenges in the field of Geographical Information Systems and Science, geographical analysis, and regional science for Ontario, one of the fastest-changing provinces in Canada and one of North America's largest economic hubs. In nine chapters, the book offers advanced spatial analysis techniques and digital data content to integrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) as tools to tackle regional and urban challenges. The chapters address the following main topics: 1) state-of-the-art approaches for regional discrepancies, 2) investigations of available methods for advanced spatial analysis, 3) identification of regional patterns and land use dynamics, 4) availability of Web 3.0 data content for regions without standardized data, and 5) the limitations and challenges of urbanization and its impact on landscape, heritage and ecosystems. The volume is divided into four sections dealing with key issues in Ontario, each addressing the use of GIS for crucial regional decision-making. The book will be of interest to researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, planners, regional scientists, and policy makers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 240 p. 66 illus., 42 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031247316
    Series Statement: Advances in Geographic Information Science,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Keywords: Atmospheric science. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Climatology. ; Measurement. ; Measuring instruments. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Water. ; Climate Sciences. ; Measurement Science and Instrumentation.
    Description / Table of Contents: SECTION 1 Status of Observations and Satellite Programs: Chapter 1. The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission -- Chapter 2. Status of the CloudSat mission -- Chapter 3. The Megha-Tropiques mission after seven years in space -- Chapter 4. Microwave sensors, imagers and sounders -- Chapter 5. Microwave and sub-mm wave sensors: A European perspective -- Chapter 6. Plans for future missions -- SECTION 2 Retrieval Techniques, Algorithms and Sensors: Chapter 7. Introduction to passive microwave retrieval methods -- Chapter 8. The Goddard Profiling (GPROF) precipitation retrieval algorithm -- Chapter 9. Precipitation estimation from the Microwave Integrated Retrieval System (MiRS) -- Chapter 10. Introduction to radar rain retrieval methods -- Chapter 11. Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) on the Global Precipitation Measurements (GPM) mission’s Core Observatory -- Chapter 12. DPR dual-frequency precipitation classification -- Chapter 13. Triple-frequency radar retrievals -- Chapter 14. Precipitation retrievals from satellite combined radar and radiometer observations -- Chapter 15. Scattering of hydrometeors -- Chapter 16. Radar snowfall measurement -- Chapter 17. A 1DVar-based snowfall rate algorithm for passive microwave radiometers -- Chapter 18. X-band synthetic aperture radar methods -- SECTION 3 Merged Precipitation Products: Chapter 19. Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission (IMERG) -- Chapter 20. Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) products in the GPM era -- Chapter 21. Improving PERSIANN-CCS using passive microwave rainfall estimation -- Chapter 22. TAMSAT -- Chapter 23. Algorithm and data improvements for version 2.1 of the Climate Hazards Center’s Infrared Precipitation with Stations Data Set -- Chapter 24. Merging the infrared fleet and the microwave constellation for tropical hydrometeorology (TAPEER) and global climate monitoring (GIRAFE) applications -- SECTION 4 Validation: Chapter 25. The IPWG satellite precipitation validation effort -- Chapter 26. The GPM Ground Validation Program -- Chapter 27. The GPM DPR Validation Program -- Chapter 28. Error and uncertainty characterization -- Chapter 29. Multiscale evaluation of satellite precipitation products: Effective resolution of IMERG -- Chapter 30. Remote sensing of orographic precipitation -- Chapter 31. Integrated multi-satellite evaluation for the Global Precipitation Measurement: Impact of precipitation types on spaceborne precipitation estimation -- Chapter 32. Hydrologic validation and flood analysis -- Chapter 33. Global-scale evaluation of 22 precipitation datasets using gauge observations and hydrological modeling -- Chapter 34. OceanRAIN – The global ocean surface-reference dataset for characterization, validation and evaluation of the water cycle -- SECTION 5 Observed Characteristics of Precipitation: Chapter 35. GPCP and the global characteristics of precipitation -- Chapter 36. Global snowfall detection and measurement -- Chapter 37. Snowfall detection by spaceborne radars -- Chapter 38. On the duration and lifecyle of precipitation systems in the tropics -- Chapter 39. Observational characteristics of warm-type heavy rainfall -- Chapter 40. Satellite precipitation measurement and extreme rainfall -- Chapter 41. Rainfall trends in East Africa from an ensemble of IR-based satellite products -- Chapter 42. Heavy precipitation systems in the Mediterranean area: The role of GPM -- Chapter 43. Dryland precipitation climatology from satellite observations -- Chapter 44. Haifall detection -- Chapter 45. Improving high-latitude and cold region precipitation analysis -- Chapter 46. Latent heating retrievals from satellite observations -- SECTION 6 Applications: Chapter 47. Operational applications of Global Precipitation Measurement observations -- Chapter 48. Assimilation of precipitation observations from space into numerical weather prediction (NWP) -- Chapter 49. Precipitation ensemble data assimilation in NWP models -- Chapter 50. PERSIANN-CDR for hydrology and hydro-climatic applications -- Chapter 51. Soil moisture and precipitation: The SM2RAIN algorithm for rainfall retrieval from satellite soil moisture -- Chapter 52. Drought risk management using satellite-based rainfall estimates -- Chapter 53. Two decades of urban hydroclimatological studies have yielded discovery and societal benefits -- Chapter 54. Validation of climate models -- Chapter 55. Extreme precipitation in the Himalayan landslide hotspot -- Chapter 56. The value of satellite rainfall estimates in agriculture and food security -- Chapter 57. Using satellite estimates of precipitation for fire danger rating -- Chapter 58. Variability of satellite sea surface salinity under rainfall.
    Abstract: This book offers a complete overview of the measurement of precipitation from space, which has made considerable advancements during the last two decades. This is mainly due to the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, CloudSat and a carefully maintained constellation of satellites hosting passive microwave sensors. The book revisits a previous book, Measuring Precipitation from Space, edited by V. Levizzani, P. Bauer and F. J. Turk, published with Springer in 2007. The current content has been completely renewed to incorporate the advancements of science and technology in the field since then. This book provides unique contributions from field experts and from the International Precipitation Working Group (IPWG). The book will be of interest to meteorologists, hydrologists, climatologists, water management authorities, students at various levels and many other parties interested in making use of satellite precipitation data sets. Chapter “TAMSAT” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: LXXI, 450 p. 108 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030245689
    Series Statement: Advances in Global Change Research, 67
    DDC: 551.5
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Peace. ; Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Peace and Conflict Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part1. Sources, impacts, and the perspectives on resource conflicts -- Chapter1. Natural Resources, Conflict of Interests and their Management -- Chapter2. Sources, Impacts and Management of Natural Resources Conflicts -- Chapter3. Perspectives on Natural Resource Conflicts -- Part2. Participatory Mapping and PGIS applications in conflict management -- Chapter4. Participatory Mapping and management of natural resource conflicts -- Chapter5. The Development of Community-based GIS Applications -- Chapter6. The impact of geospatial data processing on conflict-supporting beliefs -- Chapter7. Case study: Participatory mapping and management of conflict of interests over allocation of resources within the Aboma Forest Reserve at Kofiase, Ghana -- Part3. Assessment of Participatory Mapping and PGIS applications in conflict management -- Chapter8. Important factors in successful Participatory Mapping and PGIS applications in conflict management -- Chapter9. Appraisal of the roles of Participatory Mapping and PGIS applications in conflict management -- Chapter10. Conclusion.
    Abstract: This book integrates spatial analysis into the study and management of conflicts, and offers a model in conflict studies that incorporates theoretical explanations of conflict, its causes, and impacts, with a geospatial strategy for intervening in disputes over allocation and use of natural resources (connects theory and practice). Alongside a theoretical analysis of resource conflicts and an account of Participatory Mapping and PGIS development, this book provides a case study of GIS applications in conflict mediation. The book also lays out a practical and straightforward demonstration of PGIS applications in conflict management using a real-world case study, and traces the Participatory Mapping and PGIS movements’ evolution, compares PPGIS and PGIS practices, and makes distinctions between traditional GIS applications and PGIS practice. The approach embodies the enhanced use of spatial information and media, sets of tools for analyzing, mapping, and displaying spatial data and a platform for participatory discussions that enhances consensus-building. The book, therefore, contributes to the search for novel approaches for managing current and emerging conflicts. With this book, resource managers, development practitioners, students, and scholars of Participatory Mapping and PGIS applications and conflict studies will be equipped with the principles, skills, and the tools they need to manage non-violent resource conflicts and keep the disputes from slipping into violence. The book will also be a valuable text for basic and advanced studies in Participatory Mapping and PGIS applications, Conflict Resolution and Conflict Management. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVI, 234 p. 11 illus., 1 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030741662
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Oceanography. ; Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Environment. ; Ecosystems. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Introductory Communications -- Chapter 1. Our Future and The Oceans -- Chapter 2. General guidelines for future exchanges in marine science and technology between the two Sociétés franco-japonaises d’Océanographie -- Part II: Identification and Analysis of Environmental Stressors -- Chapter 3. The Japan Sea: a changing Pacific Asian marginal sea -- Chapter 4. Statistical analysis of surface circulation in Sagami Bay using High Frequency(HF)Radar -- Chapter 5. Statistical analysis of high frequency pCO2 data acquired with the Astan buoy (Southern Western English Channel, off Roscoff) -- Chapter 6. Spatial variation in pCO2 based on 16 years of in-situ measurements in the Seto Inland Sea, Japan -- Chapter 7. The Bay of Seine: a resilient socio-eco-system under cumulative pressures -- Chapter 8. Effect of bacterial infection on the expression of stress proteins and antioxidative enzymes in Japanese flounder -- Part III: Impacts on Socio-Eco-Systems and Biological Resources -- Chapter 9. A Review of the Effects of Global Warming and Currents Trends on Fisheries and its Impact on Important Commercial Species in Japan -- Chapter 10. Physiology of winter coral bleaching in temperate zone -- Chapter 11. Preliminary report of impacts of the 2011 earthquake and tsunami and subsequent events on macrobenthic community in a shallow brackish lagoon in Sendai Bay, Japan -- Chapter 12. Post-tsunami oyster feeding environment in Nagatsuraura Bay for three years -- Chapter 13. Seagrass-oyster farmers interaction detected by eelgrass DNA analysis in Hinase area of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan -- Chapter 14. Fisheries Biology of Blue Sharks in Sagami Bay, Japan -- Part IV: Vulnerability of Coastal Ecosystems and Risk Assessment -- Chapter 15. Temperature and salinity changes in coastal waters of Western Europe: variability, trends and extreme events -- Chapter 16. Risk Based Consenting of Offshore Renewable Energy Projects (RICORE) -- Chapter 17. Does global warming favour the occurrence of recent blue mussel mortality events in France? -- Chapter 18. Integrated ecosystem management for exploited coastal ecosystem dynamics under oligotrophication and climate changes -- Chapter 19. Forty years of decline and 10 years of management plan: are European eels (Anguilla anguilla) recovering? -- Chapter 20. The management of Mediterranean coastal habitats: a plea for a socio-ecosystem-based approach.
    Abstract: Coastal and estuarine environments at the interface of terrestrial and marine areas are among the most productive in the world. However, since the beginning of the industrial era, these ecosystems have been subjected to strong anthropogenic pressures intensified from the second half of the 20th century, when there was a marked acceleration in the warming (climate change) of the continents, particularly at high latitudes. Coastal ecosystems are highly vulnerable to alteration of their physical, chemical and biological characteristics (marine intrusion, acidification of marine environments, changes in ecosystems, evolution and artificialization of the coastline, etc.). In contact with heavily populated areas, these environments are often the receptacle of a lot of chemical and biological pollution sources that significantly diminish their resilience. In this context of accelerated evolution and degradation of these areas important for food security of many populations around the world, it is necessary to better identify the factors of pressure and understand, at different scales of observation, their effects and impacts on the biodiversity and on the socio-eco-systems, in order to determine the degree of vulnerability of these coastal ecosystems and the risks they face. A transdisciplinary and integrated approach is required to prevent risks. Within this framework, operational coastal oceanography occupies an important place but also the implementation of a true socio-eco-system approach in order to set up an environmentally friendly development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 517 p. 248 illus., 194 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030434847
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Pollution. ; Environment. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Biophysics. ; Arts. ; Ecology. ; Pollution. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Water. ; Biophysics. ; Arts.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. The Exhibition MARE PLASTICUM: Art and Science for the Environment -- Chapter 2. A Brief History of Plastics -- Chapter 3. Plastics and Microplastics: Impacts in the Marine Environment -- Chapter 4. The (Un)Natural History of the “Plastisphere”, A New Marine Ecosystem -- Chapter 5. Polarquest 2018 Expedition: Plastic Debris at 82°07’ North -- Chapter 6. The Impact of Marine Litter in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in the Mediterranean Sea: How Can We Protect MPAs? -- Chapter 7. Plastic in China: A Short History of a Crisis -- Chapter 8. "Down by the River": (Micro-) Plastic Pollution of Running Freshwaters with Special Emphasis on the Austrian Danube -- Chapter 9. Small Plastic Wastes in Soils: What Is Our Real Perception of the Problem? -- Chapter 10. Europe's Move Towards Plastic-Free Ocean -- Chapter 11. Plastic Pollution in the Oceans - A Systemic Analysis—Status Quo and Possible Sustainable Solutions -- Chapter 12. Toys for the Winter -- Chapter 13. "The Bottlenose Dolphin” (An Eco-comic).
    Abstract: This book, written by a multidisciplinary team of authors comprising scientists, artists and communicators, explores one of the most pressing issues of our time – the menace plastics pose to marine environments and organisms. It takes readers on a journey that begins on the beaches of Galicia, where the beach litter formed the starting point for an exhibition that combines art and science to alert the audience to the urgent need for action. The journey culminates with a short “plastic story”, which reveals a disturbing vision of the future significance of plastics for humans, and an example of how comics can deliver information to a younger audience. Along the way there is plenty of fascinating science, such as insights into the impacts of plastics and microplastics; the new marine ecosystem, known as the “plastisphere”; and the current status of the oceans, from the Arctic to the Mediterranean. The book also explores the historical developments; sustainable solutions, including the use of circular economy methodologies; and protective measures, like those being tried in China and the Far East. Lastly, it describes the role played by rivers as transport vectors for plastic, with special reference to the Danube, and to complete the picture, since most of the plastic is of terrestrial origin, it investigates problems related to microplastics in soils.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 252 p. 89 illus., 75 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030389451
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Keywords: Biotic communities. ; Geographic information systems. ; Landscape ecology. ; Urban ecology (Biology). ; Climatology. ; Ecosystems. ; Geographical Information System. ; Landscape Ecology. ; Urban Ecology. ; Climate Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Multiple Perspectives on Eurasian Drylands -- Dry Land Belt of Northern Eurasia: Contemporary Environmental Changes -- Recent Land Surface Dynamics in Greater Central Asia -- Quantifying the Anthropogenic Signature in Drylands of Central Asia and Its Impact on Water Scarcity and Dust Emissions -- The Complexity and Challenges of Central Asia’s Water-Energy-Food Systems -- Assessment of the influences of dust storms on cotton production in Tajikistan -- Population and Urban Dynamics in Drylands of China -- Hydrology and Erosion Risk Parameters for Grasslands in Central Asia -- A Conceptual Framework for Ecosystem Stewardship Based on Landscape Dynamics: Case Studies From Kazakhstan and Mongolia -- Social-Ecological Systems across the Asian Drylands Belt (ADB) -- Index.
    Abstract: This volume is a compilation of studies on interactions of changes in land cover, land use and climate with people, societies and ecosystems in drylands of Greater Central Asia. It explores the effects of collapse of socialist governance and management systems on land use in various parts of Central Asia, including former Soviet Union republics, Mongolia and northern drylands of China. Often, regional land-atmosphere feedbacks may have large global importance. Remote sensing is a primary tool in studying vast dryland territories where in situ observations are sporadic. State-of-the-art methods of satellite remote sensing combined with GIS and models are used to tackle science questions and provide an outlook of current changes at land surface and potential scenarios for the future. In 10 chapters, contributing authors cover topics such as water resources, effects of institutional changes on urban centers and agriculture, landscape dynamics, and the primary drivers of environmental changes in dryland environment. Satellite observations that have accumulated during the last five decades provide a rich time series of the dynamic land surface, enabling systematic analysis of changes in land cover and land use from space. The book is a truly international effort by a team of scientists from the U.S., Europe and Central Asia. It is directed at the broad science community including graduate students, academics and other professionals at all levels within natural and social sciences. In particular, it will appeal to geographers, environmental and social scientists, economists, agricultural scientists, and remote sensing specialists.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 230 p. 95 illus., 76 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030307424
    Series Statement: Landscape Series, 17
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Conservation biology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Biotic communities. ; Oceanography. ; Ecology. ; Conservation Biology. ; Water. ; Ecosystems. ; Ocean Sciences.
    Abstract: The Arabian Seas Marine Region encompasses marine areas from Djibouti to Pakistan, including the northern part of Somalia, the Red Sea, the Arabian/Persian Gulf, and parts of the Arabian Sea. Human pressures on the coastal and marine environments are evident throughout the region, and have resulted in harmful environmental effects. Oil and domestic, urban and industrial pollutants in several areas of this part of the world have caused local habitat degradation, eutrophication and algal blooms. Further, coastal landfill, dredging, and sedimentation, as well as nutrient and sediment runoff from phosphate mining, agriculture and grazing, and reduction in freshwater seepage due to groundwater extraction are all contributing to the degradation of coastal environments. This book discusses aspects not covered in other books on the region, which largely focus on marine biodiversity, and examines several environmental challenges that are often ignored, but which have a significant impact on the environment. Evaluating the status quo, it also recommends conservation measures and examines the abiotic factors that play a major main role in the environmental changes. Lastly, the book addresses the biodiversity of the area, providing a general context for the conservation and management measures discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 1377 p. 410 illus., 262 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030515065
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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  • 12
    Keywords: Ecology . ; Biotic communities. ; Biodiversity. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Ecology. ; Ecosystems. ; Biodiversity. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Regional context and maritime governance -- Chapter 3: Alboran Sea area climate and weather -- Chapter 4: The Oceanographic and climatic context -- Chapter 5: A Geological history for the Alboran Sea region -- Chapter 6: Seafloor morphology and processes in the Alboran Sea -- Chapter 7: The biogeochemical context of marine planktonic ecosystems -- Chapter 8: Seaweeds and seagrasses: the marine forests from the Alboran Sea -- Chapter 9: Benthic fauna of littoral and deep-sea habitats of the Alboran Sea: A hotspot of biodiversity -- Chapter 10: Invertebrates: the realm of diversity -- Chapter 11: Biogeographical and Macroecological context of the Alboran Sea -- Chapter 12: Biophysical processes determining the connectivity of the Alboran Sea fish populations -- Chapter 13: Evolving from fry fisheries to early life research on pelagic fish resources -- Chapter 14: Description of artisanal fisheries in northern Alboran Sea -- Chapter 15: Description of artisanal fisheries in southern Alboran Sea -- Chapter 16: Small pelagic resources: A historic perspective and current state of the resources -- Chapter 17: North Atlantic Oscillation effect on the biology and fisheries of tunas species in the Alboran Sea -- Chapter 18: Demersal Resources -- Chapter 19: The Blackspot seabream fishery in the Strait of Gibraltar: lessons and future perspectives of shared marine resource -- Chapter 20: Aquaculture in the Alboran Sea -- Chapter 21: Marine megafauna and charismatic vertebrate species -- Chapter 22: Fisheries economics and management under the impact of Human and varying marine environmental conditions in the Alboran Sea -- Chapter 23: A historical approach to living resources on the Spanish coasts from Alboran Sea between the 16th and 20th centuries -- Chapter 24: Sustainable development and Blue growth in the Alboran Sea: enabling ocean health and ecosystem services through ocean science and equitable governance -- Chapter 25: Marine Protected Areas and Key Biodiversity Areas of the Alboran Sea and adjacent areas.
    Abstract: The Alboran Sea represents a regional Mediterranean space where North and South worlds merges, creating a geopolitical region where marine resources and maritime activities should be managed from a national and international perspectives. It is widely known, that currently the planet is suffering a global change, and it is also affecting the Alboran Sea, its ecosystems and populations. An important first step to update a paramount vision on this region is to understand the climatic, geologic and oceanographic, including biochemical cycles, process which shapes the rich geodiversity, biodiversity, the productivity, and the sustainable use of the marine resources from Alboran Sea. The fisheries management system should take into account marine environmental variability to achieve biological sustainability of marine resources. Well-funded policy-makers’ decisions require a sound science based knowledge of the interaction between the marine environment and commercial stocks. This is because the role of marine environment in the evolution of fish stocks is sometimes even more important than the one played by fishers in the commercial exploitation of them. Finally, we should analyze the different aspects of political context that could affect the management of the resources from Alboran Sea in the context of climate change. This book reviews different aspects of the Alboran Sea to help understand the current situation from the original Tethis Ocean. The book is divided into four blocks: (i) Oceanographic, geological and ecological context (chapters 2 to 7), (ii) biodiversity and ecosystems distribution (chapters 8 to 12), (iii) fisheries resources and aquaculture (chapters 13 to 20), and (iv) conservation, management and marine polices (chapters 21 to 25).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 939 p. 336 illus., 303 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030655167
    DDC: 577
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environmental geography. ; Diseases. ; Medical informatics. ; Geographic information systems. ; Integrated Geography. ; Diseases. ; Health Informatics. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 -- Introduction of Kala -- azar. Chapter 2 -- Role of Geoinformatics of Kala -- azar Disease Assessment. Chapter 3 -- Micro -- geographical factors of Kala -- azar. Chapter 4 -- Open Source GIS and Kala -- azar Transmission. Chapter 5 -- Vector Ecology of Kala -- azar Transmission. Chapter 6 -- Disease Ecology and Transmission. Chapter 7 -- Appraisal of existing measure and future control strategy for Kala-azar.
    Abstract: This book addresses the current challenges in controlling Kala-azar disease (Visceral leishmaniasis) in India and other VL-endemic areas, and aims to develop and apply a geo-environmental risk model based on primary and secondary data with the aid of remote sensing and GIS technologies to assess and mitigate Kala-azar transmission. Through case studies carried out in India, the book provides insight into the relationship between geo-environmental variables and encroachments of Kala-azar, and identifies potential pathways for VL introduction to develop mitigation strategies using GIS and remote sensing technologies. The book critically assesses existing VL mitigation measures that do not adequately account for geo-environmental conditions, and analyzes the environmental factors that aid Kala-azar transmission using remote sensing, spatial statistics and data mining techniques. The book will be of interest to epidemiologists, researchers and practitioners using geospatial data practices to study disease transmission and associated monitoring technologies. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 142 p. 54 illus., 41 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030412272
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Medical Earth Sciences,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Keywords: Geography. ; Underwater archaeology. ; Geographic information systems. ; Cultural property. ; Archaeology. ; Anthropology. ; Geography. ; Maritime Archaeology. ; Geographical Information System. ; Archaeology and Heritage. ; Cultural Heritage. ; Anthropology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. Dendroarchaeology of shipwrecks in the Iberian Peninsula: 10 years of observations and advances -- Chapter3. Ontography of an Ordinary Shipwreck: Paradox, Appellation, Provenance, Apparition -- Chapter4. Archaeological perspectives during the age of war of religions: the “capitana” and “almiranta” of the Illirica Squadron -- Chapter5. Can we identify the ship through a multidisciplinary approach? The Case of the Ribadeo 1 wreck (c. 1597) -- Chapter6. The Belinho 1 Shipwreck -- Chapter7. Shipwrecks of the Iberian Tradition in the Bay of Cadiz (Andalucía, Spain) -- Chapter8. Iberian Shipwrecks in the Americas. The Case of the Highbourne Cay Wreck -- Chapter9. Underwater Archaeology versus plunder of shipwrecks in the Dominican Republic -- Chapter10. The timbers of the Frigate Santa Maria Magdalena (18th century): An Spanish warship in the History and Archaeology -- Chapter11. Across the Pacific: The Manila galleons in perspective. Notes on the history and archaeology of the transpacific trade -- Chapter12. Ploughing through Global Seas: Maritime Routes and Knowledge in the Spanish Navy at the End of the First Global Age -- Chapter13. The design of European ships’ stock-anchors of the fifteenth into the eighteenth centuries -- Chapter14. A shared sailing: Artillery and ocean warships.
    Abstract: This two-volume set highlights the importance of Iberian shipbuilding in the centuries of the so-called first globalization (15th to 18th), in confluence with an unprecedented extension of ocean navigation and seafaring and a greater demand for natural resources (especially timber), mostly oak (Quercus spp.) and Pine (Pinus spp.). The chapters are framed in a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary line of research that integrates history, Geographic Information Sciences, underwater archaeology, dendrochronology and wood provenance techniques. This line of research was developed during the ForSEAdiscovery project, which had a great impact in the academic and scientific world and brought together experts from Europe and America. The volumes deliver a state-of-the-art review of the latest lines of research related to Iberian maritime history and archaeology and their developing interdisciplinary interaction with dendroarchaeology. This synthesis combines an analysis of historical sources, the systematic study of wreck-remains and material culture related to Iberian seafaring from the 15th to the 18th centuries, and the application of earth sciences, including dendrochronology. The set can be used as a manual or work guide for experts and students, and will also be an interesting read for non-experts interested in the subject. Volume 2 focuses on approaches to the study of shipwrecks including a synthesis of dendro-archaeological results, current interdisciplinary case studies and the specialist study of artillery and anchors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 348 p. 61 illus., 53 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030864644
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Environmental geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Public health. ; Social medicine. ; Internal medicine. ; Economic development. ; Integrated Geography. ; Water. ; Public Health. ; Medical Sociology. ; Internal Medicine. ; Development Studies.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 -- Inequities and inequalities in access to care. Chapter 2 -- Gender and health. Chapter 3 -- Disability and health. Chapter 4 -- Food security. Chapter 5 -- Water and sanitation. Chapter 6 -- Mining and health. Chapter 7 -- Climate change and health. Chapter 8 -- Ageing and health. Chapter 9 -- Non-communicable diseases. Chapter 10 -- Infectious diseases. Chapter 11 -- Social interventions and health. Chapter 12 -- Environmental intervention and health. .
    Abstract: This volume creates a platform to showcase health geography research from countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and draws on theoretical and methodological innovations to initiate a discussion on the complexities of the issues impacting health in the region. Through theoretically and empirically grounded contributions from a variety of researchers working across SSA, the book addresses a wide range of topics that are usually treated separately when discussing health geography in the region. By bridging the social science and health disciplines, the book introduces new ways of thinking temporally and spatially about these topics in non-geography contexts as well. In 4 sections, the text will broadly appeal to students, researchers, teachers, policy makers, and global health professionals. Section 1 addresses the social determinants of health, including gender, disability, and other inequities and inequalities associated with healthcare access. Section 2 discusses the environmental determinants of health such as food security, water and sanitation, mining, and climate change. Section 3 focuses on current and emerging challenges to health in SSA, including ageing, non-communicable disease, and infectious diseases. Section 4 concludes the text by discussing the need to develop social and environmental intervention policies and strategies to address health challenges in SSA.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 204 p. 11 illus., 9 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031375651
    Series Statement: Global Perspectives on Health Geography,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Sustainability. ; Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Sustainability.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 -Theoretical Foundations of Total Socioenvironmental System (TSES) -- Chapter 2-Analytical Frameworks of TSES -- Chapter 3 - Building Temporally Compatible TSES Dataset -- Chapter 4 - Empirically investigating time-series causality between grassland productivity and socio-environmental factors, Inner Mongolia as a Case Study -- Chapter 5 - Empirical evaluation of urban sustainability from underlying causal structures and legacy effects: The prefecture cities in China as a Case Study -- Chapter 6 - Constructing Spatially Compatible TSES Dataset: Examining Urban Declining in Southeast Michigan as the case study -- Chapter 7 -Empirically examining spatial processes of urban declining: Southeast Michigan as the case study -- Chapter 8 - Modeling grassland deterioration considering spatial variations and time-lag effects at a finer geographical scale -- Chapter 9 - Innovations, Limitations, and Future Directions of TSES.
    Abstract: This book presents a new analytical framework and several newly developed quantitative methods to investigate the interactions between climatic, ecological, and socioeconomic factors as a total socioenvironmental system (TSES). Facing the increasingly imperiled ecosystems around the world, understanding the complex relationships between humans and environments is of utmost importance. This book offers several solutions to these challenges based on the author's research and illustrates them with case studies and annotated data sets. It develops the conceptual framework of a TSES, emphasizing the identification of causal relationships as a starting point to investigating the interactions between biophysical phenomena and socioeconomic factors. The book experiments with various spatial data assimilation techniques such as GIS for matching diverged areal units over which biophysical and socioeconomic datasets are collected. Trend extraction methods including machine learning for synchronizing distinct temporal rhythms hidden in biophysical and socioeconomic phenomena to augment their causal relationships are explored as well. The book also examines sustainability in urban systems, social systems, and ecosystems. This volume will be useful to readers across many disciplines, including but not limited to geographic information science, ecological informatics, environmental informatics, regional and urban modeling, quantitative social sciences and planning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 264 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031395949
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Atmospheric science. ; Geophysics. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Earth sciences. ; Geography. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Geophysics. ; Water. ; Earth and Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Operational Prediction Systems -- 2. Physical Parameterization and Optimization -- 3. Data Assimilation -- 4. Precipitation Systems: Mechanism and Forecast -- 5. High-Impact Weather Prediction.
    Abstract: This book describes the history, development, current status of numerical weather prediction (NWP), in both operational and research modes, and various applications of NWP models, which have been made by the scientists in East Asian countries. In particular, it introduces the major contributions to the worldwide NWP community achieved by East Asian scientists, including parameterizations, data assimilation techniques, parameter optimizations, and applications of the NWP models to improve the forecasts of high-impact weather systems in East Asia. This book provides both research scientists and graduate students with basic knowledge and insights on the development of NWP in East Asia. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 581 p. 237 illus., 214 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031405679
    Series Statement: Springer Atmospheric Sciences,
    DDC: 551.5
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Keywords: Atmospheric science. ; Measurement. ; Measuring instruments. ; Geographic information systems. ; Lasers. ; Outer space Exploration. ; Astronautics. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Measurement Science and Instrumentation. ; Geographical Information System. ; Laser. ; Space Exploration and Astronautics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Rotational Raman scattering through narrow-band interference filters: investigating uncertainties using a new Rayleigh scattering code developed within ACTRIS -- Chapter 2. Performance of Low-Cost, Diode-Based HSRL System with Simplified Optical Setup -- Chapter 3. Sensitivity Study on the Performance of the Single Calculus Chain Aerosol Layering Module -- Chapter 4. Particle Complex Refractive Index From 3+2 HSRL/Raman Lidar Measurements: Conditions of Accurate Retrieval, Uncertainties and Constraints Provided by Information About RH -- Chapter 5. Field Testing of a Diode-Laser-Based Micro Pulse Differential Absorption Lidar System to Measure Atmospheric Thermodynamic Variables -- Chapter 6. SEMICONDUCTOR LIDAR FOR QUANTITATIVE ATMOSPHERIC PROFILING -- Chapter 7. Atomic Barium Vapor Filter for Ultraviolet High Spectral Resolution Lidar -- Chapter 8. Future Lidars for Cutting-Edge Sciences in Ionosphere-Thermosphere-Mesosphere-Stratosphere Physics and Space-Atmosphere Coupling -- Chapter 9. Polarization Lidar for Monitoring Dust Particle Orientation: First Measurements -- Chapter 10. Dust flow distribution measurement by low coherence Doppler lidar -- Chapter 11. A Multi-wavelength LED lidar for near ground atmospheric monitoring -- Chapter 12. Development of low-cost high-spectral-resolution lidar using compact multimode laser for air quality measurement -- Chapter 13. Deep Learning Based Convective Boundary Layer Determination for Aerosol and Wind Profiles observed by Wind Lidar -- Chapter 14. LITES: Laboratory Investigations of Atmospheric Aerosol Composition by Raman-Scattering and Fluorescence Spectra -- Chapter 15. Performance Simulation of a Raman Lidar for the Retrieval of CO2 Atmospheric Profiles -- Chapter 16. ALL FIBER FREE-RUNNING DUAL-COMB RANGING SYSTEM -- Chapter 17. gPCE Uncertainty Quantication Modeling of LiDAR for Bathymetric and Earth Science Applications -- Chapter 18. When can Poisson random variables be approximated as Gaussian? -- Chapter 19. Enhancing the Performance of the MicroPulse DIAL through Poisson Total Variation Signal Processing -- Chapter 20. Development of Micro Pulse Lidar Network (MPLNET) Level 3 Satellite Validation Products in Advance of the EarthCARE Mission -- Chapter 21. 3D Point Cloud Classification using Drone-based Scanning LIDAR and Signal Diversity -- Chapter 22. Design and Validation of an Elastic Lidar Simulator for Testing Potential New Systems for Aerosol Typing -- Chapter 23. Performance of Pulsed Wind Lidar Based on Optical Hybrid -- Chapter 24. Demonstrating Capabilities of Multiple-Beam Airborne Doppler Lidar Using a LES-based Simulator -- Chapter 25. All-Solid State Iron Resonance Lidar for Measurement of Temperature and Winds in the Upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere -- Chapter 26. Improved Remote Operation Capabilities for the NASA GSFC Tropospheric Ozone Lidar for Routine Ozone Profiling for Satellite Evaluation -- Chapter 27. A wind, temperature, H2O and CO2 scanning lidar mobile observatory for a 3D thermodynamic view of the atmosphere -- Chapter 28. Low-Cost and Lightweight Hyperspectral Lidar for Mapping Vegetation Fluorescence -- Chapter 29. SO2 Plumes Observation with LMOL: Theory, Modeling, and Validation -- Chapter 30. Possible Use of Iodine Absorption/Fluorescence Cell in High-Spectral-Resolution Lidar -- Chapter 31. Ten Years of Interdisciplinary Lidar Applications at SCNU, Guangzhou -- Chapter 32. Feasibility studies of the dual-polarization imaging lidar based on the division-of-focal-plane scheme for atmospheric remote sensing -- Chapter 33. An Algorithm to Retrieve Aerosol Optical Properties from ATLID and MSI Measurements -- Chapter 34. Observation of Polar Stratospheric Clouds at Dome C, Antarctica -- Chapter 35. Laboratory Evaluation of the Lidar Particle Depolarization Ratio (PDR) of Sulfates, Soot, and Mineral Dust at 180.0° Lidar Backscattering Angle -- Chapter 36. Fresh biomass burning aerosol observed in Potenza with multiwavelength Raman Lidar and sun-photometer -- Chapter 37. Aerosol Studies with Spectrometric Fluorescence and Raman Lidar -- Chapter 38. Continuous Observations of Aerosol-Weather Relationship from a Horizontal Lidar to Simulate Monitoring of Radioactive Dust in Fukashima, Japan -- Chapter 39. Statistical Simulation of Laser Pulse Propagation through Cirrus-cloudy Atmosphere -- Chapter 40. Aerosol Spatial Distribution Observed by a Mobile Vehicle Lidar with Optics for Near Range Detection -- Chapter 41. Cloud Base Height Correlation between a Co-located Micro-Pulse Lidar and a Lufft CHM15k Ceilometer -- Chapter 42. Comparison of Local and Transregional Atmospheric Particles Over the Urmia Lake in Northwest Iran, Using a Polarization Lidar Recordings -- Chapter 43. Properties of Polar Stratospheric Clouds over the European Arctic from Ground-Based Lidar -- Chapter 44. Two decades analysis of cirrus cloud radiative effects by lidar observations in the frame of NASA MPLNET lidar network -- Chapter 45. Temporal Variability of the Aerosol Properties Using a Cimel Sun/Lunar Photometer over Thessaloniki, Greece: Synergy With the Upgraded THELISYS Lidar System -- Chapter 46. Long-Term Changes of Optical Properties of Mineral Dust and Its Mixtures Derived from Raman Polariza-tion Water Vapor Lidar in Central Europe -- Chapter 47. Planetary Boundary Layer Height Measurements Using MicroPulse DIAL -- Chapter 48. Performance Modeling of a Diode-Laser-Based Direct Detection Doppler Lidar -- Chapter 49. Observation of Water Vapor Profiles by Raman Lidar with 266 nm laser in Tokyo -- Chapter 50. A 355-NM DIRECT-DETECTION DOPPLER WIND LIDAR FOR VERTICAL ATMOSPHERIC MOTION -- Chapter 51. Aircraft Wake Vortex Recognition and Classification Based on Coherent Doppler Lidar and Convolutional Neural Networks -- Chapter 52. MicroPulse Differential Absorption Lidar for Temperature Retrieval in the Lower Troposphere -- Chapter 53. Long Term Calibration of a Pure Rotational Raman Lidar for Temperature Measurements Using Radiosondes and Solar Background -- Chapter 54. Powerful Raman-Lidar for water vapor in the free troposphere and lower stratosphere as well as temperature in the stratosphere and mesosphere -- Chapter 55. Observation of Rainfall Velocity and Raindrop Size Using Power Spectrum of Coherent Doppler Lidar -- Chapter 56. Comparison of Lower Tropospheric Water Vapor Vertical Distribution Measured with Raman lidar and DIAL and Their Impact of Data Assimilation in Numerical Weather Prediction Model -- Chapter 57. Temperature Variations in the Middle Atmosphere Studied with Rayleigh Lidar at Haikou (19.9°N, 110.3°E) -- Chapter 58. Convective boundary layer sensible and latent heat flux lidar observations and towards new model parametrizations -- Chapter 59. Observation of Structure of Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer by Ceilometer over the Kuroshio Current.-Chapter 60. ABL Height Different Estimation by Lidar in the Frame of HyMeX SOP1 Campaign -- Chapter 61. Temporal Evolution of Wavelength and Orientation of Atmospheric Canopy Waves -- Chapter 62. Assessment of Planetary Boundary Layer Height Variations over a Mountain Region in Western Himalayas -- Chapter 63. Analysis of Updraft Characteristics from an Airborne Micro-Pulsed Doppler Lidar During FIREX-AQ -- Chapter 64. Diurnal Variability of MLH and Ozone in NYC Urban and Coastal Area from an Integrated Observation during LISTOS 2018 -- Chapter 65. Boundary Layer Dynamics, Aerosol Composition, and Air Quality in the Urban Background of Stuttgart in Winter -- Chapter 66. DIAL Ozone Measurement Capability Added to NASA’s HSRL-2 Instrument Demonstrates Troposheric Ozone Variability Over Houston Area -- Chapter 67. Trajectory Analysis of CO2 Concentration Increase Events in the Nocturnal Atmospheric Boundary Layer Observed by the Differential Absorption Lidar -- Chapter 68. Efficiency Assessment of Single Cell Raman Gas Mixture for DIAL Ozone Lidar -- Chapter 69. COmpact RamaN lidar for Atmospheric CO2 and ThERmodyNamic ProfilING - CONCERNING -- Chapter 70. Characterization of Recent Aerosol Events Occurring in the Subtropical North Atlantic Region Using a CIMEL CE376 GPN Micro-LiDAR -- Chapter 71. Tropospheric Ozone Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) Development at New York City -- Chapter 72. Accounting for the polarizing effects introduced from non ideal quarter-wave plates in lidar measurements of the circular depolarization ratio -- Chapter 73. Investigating the geometrical and optical properties of the persistent stratospheric aerosol layer observed over Thessaloniki, Greece during 2019 -- Chapter 74. New Lidar Data Processing Techniques for Improving the Detection Range and Accuracy of Atmospheric Gravity Wave Measurements -- Chapter 75. Extending the Useful Range of Fluorescence LIDAR Data by Applying the Layered Binning Technique -- Chapter 76. Interaction between sea wave and surface atmosphere by shallow angle LED lidar -- Chapter 77. First results of the COLOR (CDOM-proxy retrieval from aeOLus ObseRvations) project -- Chapter 78. Dual wavelength heterodyne LDA for velocity and size distribution measurements in ocean water flows -- Chapter 79. Mitigation Strategy for the Impact of Low Energy Laser Pulses in CALIOP Calibration and Level 2 Retrievals -- Chapter 80. Introducing the Cloud Aerosol Lidar for Global Scale Observations of the Ocean-Land-Atmosphere System – CALIGOLA -- Chapter 81. An Overview of the NASA Atmosphere Observing System Inclined Mission (AOS-I) and the Role of Backscatter Lidar -- Chapter 82. Proposal for the Space-borne Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) Lidar for Lower Tropospheric Water Vapor Observations -- Chapter 83. Assimilation of Aerosol Observations from the Future Spaceborne Lidar Onboard the AOS Mission into the MOCAGE Chemistry-Transport Model -- Chapter 84. Aerosol Optical Properties over Western Himalayas Region by Raman Lidar during the December 2019 Annular Solar Eclipse -- Chapte.
    Abstract: This volume presents papers from the biennial International Laser Radar Conference (ILRC), the world’s leading event in the field of atmospheric research using lidar. With growing environmental concerns to address such as air quality deterioration, stratospheric ozone depletion, extreme weather events, and changing climate, the lidar technique has never been as critical as it is today to monitor, alert, and help solve current and emerging problems of this century. The 30th occurrence of the ILRC unveils many of the newest results and discoveries in atmospheric science and laser remote sensing technology. The 30th ILRC conference program included all contemporary ILRC themes, leveraging on both the past events’ legacy and the latest advances in lidar technologies and scientific discoveries, with participation by young scientists particularly encouraged. This proceedings volume includes a compilation of cutting-edge research on the following themes: new lidar techniques and methodologies; measurement of clouds and aerosol properties; atmospheric temperature, wind, turbulence, and waves; atmospheric boundary layer processes and their role in air quality and climate; greenhouse gases, tracers, and transport in the free troposphere and above; the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere; synergistic use of multiple instruments and techniques, networks and campaigns; model validation and data assimilation using lidar measurements; space-borne lidar missions, instruments and science; ocean lidar instrumentation, techniques, and retrievals; and past, present and future synergy of heterodyne and direct detection lidar applications. In addition, special sessions celebrated 50 years of lidar atmospheric observations since the first ILRC, comprising review talks followed by a plenary discussion on anticipated future directions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIV, 892 p. 374 illus., 352 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031378188
    Series Statement: Springer Atmospheric Sciences,
    DDC: 551.5
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geography. ; Environment. ; Geographic information systems. ; Urban ecology (Biology). ; Environmental monitoring. ; Geography. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Urban Ecology. ; Environmental Monitoring.
    Description / Table of Contents: Urban resilience approaches and paradigms -- Complex systems methodologies for urban resilience and sustainability, including multi, inter and transdisciplinary approaches -- Tools, indicators and modelling for urban resilience -- Geographic information systems and conceptual information systems -- New approaches in evaluation in context of urban resilience.
    Abstract: This book presents a select set of papers from an international and multidisciplinary approach, outlining the vanguard in the field of methodology, tools, and evaluation of the movement towards urban resilience. Reflecting on and redesigning the guidelines that orient the planning and management of urban development has become, today, an issue of global scope and priority that demands the committed and determined participation of society. Faced with the formidable challenge of guiding our cities towards sustainability, it is necessary to develop new approaches, paradigms, models, methodologies, and tools that make it possible to assess and raise the resilience profile of urban socio-ecosystems. The experiences that are developed in this book offer a wide and diverse set of concepts, theories, methodologies, instruments, and casuistry, impregnated by resilience notion, to inspire, influence, and guide thinking and practice for architects, urban planners, government officials, businessmen, civil and research organizations. In this book, the reader will be able to review either theoretical-methodology to organize notions on urban resilience, or application cases in a variety of areas and subsystems of a city but, being all of them inevitably and intricately linked through a complex matrix of structures and interactions that determine future, well-being, and resilience of urban socio-ecosystems in the global anthropo-environment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 200 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031075865
    Series Statement: Resilient Cities, Re-thinking Urban Transformation,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Atmospheric science. ; Climatology. ; Measurement. ; Measuring instruments. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Climate Sciences. ; Measurement Science and Instrumentation. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: SECTION 4 Validation: Chapter 25. The IPWG satellite precipitation validation effort -- Chapter 26. The GPM Ground Validation Program -- Chapter 27. The GPM DPR Validation Program -- Chapter 28. Error and uncertainty characterization -- Chapter 29. Multiscale evaluation of satellite precipitation products: Effective resolution of IMERG -- Chapter 30. Remote sensing of orographic precipitation -- Chapter 31. Integrated multi-satellite evaluation for the Global Precipitation Measurement: Impact of precipitation types on spaceborne precipitation estimation -- Chapter 32. Hydrologic validation and flood analysis -- Chapter 33. Global-scale evaluation of 22 precipitation datasets using gauge observations and hydrological modeling -- Chapter 34. OceanRAIN – The global ocean surface-reference dataset for characterization, validation and evaluation of the water cycle -- SECTION 5 Observed Characteristics of Precipitation: Chapter 35. GPCP and the global characteristics of precipitation -- Chapter 36. Global snowfall detection and measurement -- Chapter 37. Snowfall detection by spaceborne radars -- Chapter 38. On the duration and lifecyle of precipitation systems in the tropics -- Chapter 39. Observational characteristics of warm-type heavy rainfall -- Chapter 40. Satellite precipitation measurement and extreme rainfall -- Chapter 41. Rainfall trends in East Africa from an ensemble of IR-based satellite products -- Chapter 42. Heavy precipitation systems in the Mediterranean area: The role of GPM -- Chapter 43. Dryland precipitation climatology from satellite observations -- Chapter 44. Haifall detection -- Chapter 45. Improving high-latitude and cold region precipitation analysis -- Chapter 46. Latent heating retrievals from satellite observations -- SECTION 6 Applications: Chapter 47. Operational applications of Global Precipitation Measurement observations -- Chapter 48. Assimilation of precipitation observations from space into numerical weather prediction (NWP) -- Chapter 49. Precipitation ensemble data assimilation in NWP models -- Chapter 50. PERSIANN-CDR for hydrology and hydro-climatic applications -- Chapter 51. Soil moisture and precipitation: The SM2RAIN algorithm for rainfall retrieval from satellite soil moisture -- Chapter 52. Drought risk management using satellite-based rainfall estimates -- Chapter 53. Two decades of urban hydroclimatological studies have yielded discovery and societal benefits -- Chapter 54. Validation of climate models -- Chapter 55. Extreme precipitation in the Himalayan landslide hotspot -- Chapter 56. The value of satellite rainfall estimates in agriculture and food security -- Chapter 57. Using satellite estimates of precipitation for fire danger rating -- Chapter 58. Variability of satellite sea surface salinity under rainfall.
    Abstract: This book offers a complete overview of the measurement of precipitation from space, which has made considerable advancements during the last two decades. This is mainly due to the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, CloudSat and a carefully maintained constellation of satellites hosting passive microwave sensors. The book revisits a previous book, Measuring Precipitation from Space, edited by V. Levizzani, P. Bauer and F. J. Turk, published with Springer in 2007. The current content has been completely renewed to incorporate the advancements of science and technology in the field since then. This book provides unique contributions from field experts and from the International Precipitation Working Group (IPWG). The book will be of interest to meteorologists, hydrologists, climatologists, water management authorities, students at various levels and many other parties interested in making use of satellite precipitation data sets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XCIII, 725 p. 300 illus., 251 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030357986
    Series Statement: Advances in Global Change Research, 69
    DDC: 551.5
    Language: English
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environmental geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Ethnology. ; Culture. ; Economic geography. ; Geography. ; Physical geography. ; Integrated Geography. ; Water. ; Regional Cultural Studies. ; Economic Geography. ; Regional Geography. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- The Ganga Basin -- Geography of the Ganga Basin -- The Ganga and its Tributaries -- The Ganga between Gaumukh and Uttarkashi -- The Major Cultural Towns -- Major Fairs and Festivals -- Economic Significance of the Ganga -- Environmental Issues in the Ganga Basin -- Conclusions.
    Abstract: ‘The Ganges: Cultural, Economic, and Environmental Importance’ is a geographical, cultural, economic, and environmental interpretation of the Ganga River. The Ganga River originates from Gaumukh- situated in the high Himalaya, flows through the world’s biggest fertile alluvial plain, and inlets into the Bay of Bengal at Ganga Sagar. It makes a unique natural and cultural landscape and is believed to be the holiest river of India. The Hindus called it ‘Mother Ganga’ and worship it. The towns/cities, situated on its bank, are world-famous and are known as the highland and valley pilgrimages. The water of the Ganga is pious, and the Hindus use it on different occasions while performing the rituals and customs. This book is unique because no previous study which presents a complete and comprehensive geographical description of the Ganga has been composed. This book presents the historical and cultural significance of the Ganga and its tributaries. Empirical, archival, and observation methods were applied to conduct this study. There are a total of 10 chapters in this book such as ‘Introduction’, ‘the Ganga Basin’, ‘Geography of the Ganga Basin’, ‘the Ganges System: Ganga and its Tributaries’, ‘Ganga between Gaumukh and Uttarkashi’, ‘the Major Cultural Towns’, ‘Major Fairs and Festivals’, ‘Economic Significance of the Ganga’, ‘Environmental Issues’, and ‘Conclusions’. The contents of the book are enriched by 89 figures, 15 tables, and substantial citations and references. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 164 p. 91 illus., 90 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030791179
    Series Statement: Springer Geography,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geography. ; Oceanography. ; Social sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; History. ; Geography. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Society. ; Water. ; History.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- 1. The black Sea Basin – Physical and Geographical Conditions -- 2. History of the Research Conducted on the Black Sea -- 3. Morphohydrography and Morphodynamics of the Black Sea -- Influence of the Coastal Relief on the Navigation and Seaborne Trade on the Black Sea -- 5. The Black Sea Basin’s Meteo-climatic Characterization -- 6. Thermohygrometric Regime, Effects on Variation of Temperature and Humidity, Weather Phenomena -- 7. The Influence of Weather and Climate Factors on the Navigation and Seaborne Trade on the Black Sea -- 8. The Specific Hydrological Factors of the Black Sea -- 9. Hydrobiological Elements Specific to the Black Sea -- 10. The Historical, Social, Political, Economic Framework of the Black Sea Basin Influencing Maritime Transportation -- Conclusions.
    Abstract: This book provides an analysis of the evolution of navigation and seaborne trade in the Black Sea, considering the geographic, geological, and hydro-meteorological data, including information from the historical, geopolitical, economic, social, and military frames. In ancient times the Black Sea was at the edge of the known world, and together with its coasts it preserves traces of the Greek, Roman, and Byzantine civilizations. Many of the ancient ports were important and essential towns, which remains the case in modern times. The complex geographical conditions that have historically influenced, and continue to influence the development of maritime trade and transport in the Black Sea, have not been thoroughly researched or optimized for these activities. The book is divided into ten chapters. Chapter I describes the physical – geographical conditions of the Black Sea’s basin, and the geological evolution of its recent history, with application to the hypothesis of Noah's flood. Chapter 2 presents a short history of the research conducted on the Black Sea upto present day. Chapter 3 summarizes the specific characteristics of the Black Sea’s morphohydrography and morphodynamics. Chapter 4 contains the conclusions regarding the influence of coastal relief on the navigation and seaborne trade on the Black Sea. Chapter 5 analyzes the Black Sea basin’s meteo-climatic regime. Chapter 6 contains the conclusions of the influence of weather and climate factors on the navigation and seaborne trade on the Black Sea. Chapter 7 describes the specific hydrological factors of the Black Sea. Chapter 8 contains the conclusions regarding the influence of the hydrological factors for the navigation and seaborne trade on the Black Sea. Chapter 9 presents the Black Sea’s specific hydrobiological elements specific, as a „unicum hydrobiologicum”, and the main features of the Black Sea’s ecology. Chapter 10 is concentrated on the historical, social, political, economic, and geopolitical framework of the Black Sea basin influencing navigation and maritime transportation, from ancient times to the present. The book is written from the perspective of a Romanian Navy officer, with more than 40 years’ experience in the Romanian Navy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 477 p. 317 illus., 312 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030887629
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Environmental geography. ; Geographic information systems. ; Regional economics. ; Spatial economics. ; Human geography. ; Integrated Geography. ; Geographical Information System. ; Regional and Spatial Economics. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part I. The Ontological Background -- Ontologies in Computer Science: a brief overview -- From the Ontological Turn to the Ontology of Geography -- Common Sense Conceptualizations and Systems of Objects -- Part II. Geographical Entities, Boundaries and Spatial Representation -- Experiments and Results -- From a Speculative Perspective: Geographic Entities and Boundaries -- On Drawing (Different) Lines on a Map -- On the Ontological Status of Geographical Boundaries -- Spatial Representation and Ontological Tools -- Part III. From a Geographical Perspective: Spatial Turn, Taxonomies and Geo-Ontologies -- From the Spatial Turn to the Diffusion of Geo-ontologies -- The Problems of Existing Taxonomies -- A Geo-ontological Tri-Partition -- PART IV. Geo-ontologies, Digital Humanities and Ancient World -- Towards a Geo-ontology for the Ancient World -- Geography in Greek and Roman Culture -- Conclusion.
    Abstract: Placed at the intersection among philosophy, geography, and computer science, the domain of investigation of applied ontology of geography ranges from making explicit assumptions and commitments of geography as a discipline, to the theoretical and technical needs of geographical/IT tools, such as GIS and geo-ontologies. Such a domain of investigation represents the central topic of discussion of this book, which intends: 1) to provide an overview of the mutual interactions among the disciplines encompassed in the domain; 2) to discuss notions such as spatial representation, boundaries, and geographical entities that constitute the main focus of the (philosophical) ontology of geography; 3) to propose a geographical classification of geo-ontologies in response to their increasing diffusion within the contemporary debate, as well as to show what ontological categories best systematize their contents. The second edition of the book differs from the first one as it offers a broader analysis of the (philosophical) ontology of geography: an analysis that is no more limited to the theoretical need of geo-ontologies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 128 p. 16 illus., 13 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030781453
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Geography,
    DDC: 910
    Language: English
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