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  • Books  (124)
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  • Cham :Springer International Publishing :  (124)
  • Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
  • University of Virginia Library
  • Wabern : Federal Office of Topography, Swiss Geological Survey
  • 2020-2024  (124)
  • 550  (124)
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  • Books  (124)
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  • 2020-2024  (124)
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  • 1
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geographic information systems. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Geometric Reference Frames -- Combined IVS Contribution to the ITRF2020 -- An Experimental Combination of IGS repro3 Campaign’s Orbit Products Using a Variance Component Estimation Strategy -- The Correlations of the Helmert Transformation Parameters as an Additional Auxiliary Diagnostic Tool for Terrestrial Reference Frames Quality Assessment -- Shimosato Co-Location of the SLR and GNSS Stations -- Local Ties at SLR Station Riga -- Datum Problem Handling in Local Tie Surveys at Wettzell and Metsähovi -- Close Range Photogrammetry for High-Precision Reference Point Determination: A Proof of Concept at Satellite Observing System Wettzell -- Frame Accuracy of Combined EPN Weekly Coordinate Solutions -- The Atlantic Network of Geodynamic and Space Stations (RAEGE): A Spanish-Portuguese Infrastructure of Geodetic Stations -- ITRF Densification in Cyprus -- Geodetic Analyses at the National Geographic Institute of Spain -- Large-Scale Dimensional Metrology for Geodesy - First Results from the European GeoMetre Project -- Bureau of Products and Standards: Description and Promotion of Geodetic Products -- Physical Height Systems -- Can an Earth Gravitational Model Augmented by a Topographic Gravity Field Model Realize the International Height Reference System Accurately? -- Assessing Molodensky’s Heights: A Rebuttal -- On the Accuracy of Geoid Heights Derived from Discrete GNSS/Levelling Data Using Kriging Interpolation -- Gravimetric Geoid Modeling by Stokes and Second Helmert’s Condensation Method in Yogyakarta, Indonesia -- A Geodetic Determination of the Gravitational Potential Difference Toward a 100-km-scale Clock Frequency Comparison in a Plate Subduction Zone -- Validation of the Hellenic Gravity Network in the Frame of the ModernGravNet Project -- Global Gravity Field Modeling -- Combined Gravity Solution from SLR and GRACE/GRACE-FO -- Contribution of LARES SLR Data to Co-estimated Earth Geopotential Coefficients -- Determination and Combination of Monthly Gravity Field Time Series from Kinematic Orbits of GRACE, GRACE-FO and Swarm -- Topographic Gravity Field Modelling for Improving High-Resolution Global Gravity Field Models -- The Benefit of Accelerometers Based on Cold Atom Interferometry for Future Satellite Gravity Missions -- Kalman-Filter Based Hybridization of Classic and Cold Atom Interferometry Accelerometers for Future Satellite Gravity Missions -- Gravimetry by Nanoscale Parametric Amplifiers Driven by Radiation-Induced Dispersion Force Modulation -- Earth Rotation -- On the Improvement of Combined EOP Series by Adding 24-hour VLBI Sessions to VLBI Intensives and GNSS Data -- Investigating the Relationship Between Length of Day and El-Niño Using Wavelet Coherence Method -- Estimation of Earth Rotation Parameter UT1 from Lunar Laser Ranging Observations -- Surface Deformation Monitoring -- Determination of a GNSS-Based Velocity Field of the African Continent -- Vertical Land Motion at Tide Gauges Observed by GNSS: A New GFZ-TIGA Solution -- CyCLOPS: A National Integrated GNSS/InSAR Strategic Research Infrastructure for Monitoring Geohazards and Forming the Next Generation Datum of the Republic of Cyprus -- GNSS Positioning -- Dilution of Precision (DOP) Factors for Evaluating Observations to Galileo Satellites with VLBI -- On the Limits of State-of-the-Art GNSS Receivers in Frequency Transfer -- On the Effect of Antenna Calibration Errors on Geodetic Estimates: Investigation on Zero and Double Difference Approaches -- Estimation and Calibration of Codephase Center Correction Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition -- On the Potential of Image Similarity Metrics for Comparing Phase Center Corrections -- Multipath Characterization Using Ray-Tracing in Urban Trenches -- Bounding the Residual Tropospheric Error by Interval Analysis -- Precise Orbit Determination of CubeSats Using Proposed Observations Weighting Model -- Geodetic Atmospheric and Remote Sensing -- Optimal TEC Forecast Models Based on Machine Learning and Time Series Analysis Techniques – A Preliminary Study on the Ring of Fire -- Sensitivity of Shipborne GNSS Troposphere Retrieval to Processing Parameters -- Application of the Total Variation Method in Near Real-Time GNSS Tropospheric Tomography -- Comparison of the Effective Isotropic Radiated Power Parameter in CYGNSS v2.1 and v3.0 Level 1 Data and Its Impact on Soil Moisture Estimation -- Cross-Polarization Correction for Soil Moisture Retrieval Using GNSS SNR Data.
    Abstract: This open access volume contains selected papers of the 2021 Scientific Assembly of the International Association of Geodesy – IAG2021. The Assembly was hosted by the Chinese Society for Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography (CSGPC) in Beijing, China from June 28 to July 2, 2021. It was a hybrid conference with in-person and online attendants. In total, the Assembly was attended by 146 in-person participants and 1,123 online participants. The theme of the Assembly was Geodesy for a Sustainable Earth. 613 contributions (255 oral presentations and 358 poster presentations) covered all topics of the broad spectrum considered by the IAG: geodetic reference frames, Earth gravity field modelling, Earth rotation and geodynamics, positioning and applications, the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), geodesy for climate research, marine geodesy, and novel sensors and quantum technology for geodesy. All published papers were peer-reviewed, and we warmly recognize the contributions and support of the Associate Editors and Reviewers. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 441 p. 265 illus., 251 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031295072
    Series Statement: International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 154
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Natural disasters. ; Geographic information systems. ; Atmospheric science. ; Physical geography. ; Biogeography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geographical Information System. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Biogeosciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Vegetation Fires and Biomass Burning in South/Southeast Asia – An Overview -- Section I: Mapping , Monitoring and Modeling of Vegetation Fires -- 2. Wildfire monitoring using infrared bands and spatial resolution effects -- 3. Status and Drivers of Forest Fires in Myanmar -- 4. Vegetation Fires and Entropy Variations In Myanmar -- 5. Crop residue burning and forest fire emissions in Nepal -- 6. Firewood Burning Dynamics by the Sri Lankan Households: Trends, Patterns, and Implications -- 7. Burnt Area Signal Variations in Agriculture and Forested Landscapes of India - A Case Study Using Sentinel A/B Synthetic Aperture Radar -- 8. Application of Interferometry SAR for Monitoring of Peatland Areas– Case Studies in Indonesia -- 9. Active Fire Monitoring of Thailand and Upper ASEAN by Earth Observation Data: benefits, lessons learned and what still needs to be known -- 10. Detecting Vegetation Regrowth after Fires in Small Watershed Settings Using Remotely Sensed Data and Local Community Participation Approach -- 11. Long-Term Spatiotemporal Distribution of Fire over Maritime Continent and their Responses to Climate Anomalies -- 12. Vegetation Fires in Laos - An Overview -- 13. Vegetation Fires, Fire Radiative Power and Intermediate Fire Occurrence Intensity (IFOI) Hypothesis Testing in Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia -- 14. Analyzing fire behavior and calibrating a fire growth model in a seasonal dry tropical forest area -- Section II: Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Pollution -- 15. Spatiotemporally resolved pollutant emissions from biomass burning in Asia -- 16. Twenty-year variations of aerosol optical depth over Asia in relation to anthropogenic and biomass burning emissions -- 17. Light Absorption Properties of Biomass Burning Emissions in Bangladesh: Current State of Knowledge -- 18. Remote Sensing of greenhouse gases and aerosols from agricultural residue burning over Pakistan -- 19. A comparative study of energy, emissions and economic efficiency of various cookstoves in Nepal -- 20. Estimation of Ultrafine Particulate Matter Emissions from Biomass Burning Using Satellite Imaging and Burn Severity -- 21. Characteristics of Transboundary Haze and General Aerosol over Pulau Pinang, Malaysia -- 22. Measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions from fire-prone peatlands in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia, using ground-based instruments -- 23. Air Pollution Caused by Deep Peatland Fire in Central Kalimantan -- 24. Chemical Speciation of PM0 Emissions from Peat Burning Emission in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia -- 25. GHG emissions estimation from Peatland fires in Indonesia – Review and Importance of Combustion Factor -- 26. Forest Fire Emissions in Equatorial Asia and Their Recent Delay Anomaly in the Dry Season -- Section III: Air Pollution Modeling and Decision Support Systems -- 27. Impact of vegetation fires on regional aerosol black carbon over South and East Asia -- 28. Detection and Modeling of South Asian Biomass Burning Aerosols from both Macro- and Micro-perspective -- 29. Remote sensing of agricultural biomass burning aerosols, gaseous compounds, long-distance transport and impact on air quality -- 30. Agricultural fires in Northeast China: Characteristics, Impacts, and Challenges -- 31. Air Pollution Modelling in Southeast Asia – An Overview -- 32. Trace gases and air quality in Northwestern Vietnam during recurrent biomass burning on the Indochina Peninsula since 0 – Field Observations and Atmospheric Simulations -- 33. Southeast Asian Transboundary Haze in the Southern Philippines, and Meteorological Drivers -- 34. An Operational Fire Danger Rating System for Thailand and Lower Mekong Region: Development, Utilization, and Experiences -- 35. Fires Hotspot Forecasting in Indonesia Using Long Short-Term Memory Algorithm and MODIS Datasets.
    Abstract: Vegetation fires are prevalent in several regions of the world, including South/ Southeast Asia (S/SEA). Fire occurrence and spread are influenced by fuel type, topography, climate, weather, and lightning, among others. In S/SEA, human-initiated fires are responsible for most of the incidents in addition to natural factors. Through biomass burning, vegetation fires can emit large quantities of greenhouse gases and air pollutants such as CO2, CO, NOx, CH4, non-methane hydrocarbons, and other chemical species, including aerosols that can affect air quality and health at both local and regional scales. Moreover, biomass burning pollutants can travel long distances and impact regional climate. Therefore, quantifying vegetation fires and their impacts is critical at different spatial scales. This book includes contributions from renowned researchers from the USA and South/ Southeast Asia on various fire-related topics. The contributions resulted from several international meetings and workshops organized in Asia as part of the South/ Southeast Asia Research Initiative (SARI) under the NASA Land-Cover/Land-Use Change Program. The book is divided into three sections, each containing multiple contributions: a) Mapping, Monitoring, and Modeling of Vegetation Fires, b) Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Pollution, and c) Air Pollution Modeling and Decision Support Systems. These sections are preceded by an introductory chapter by the editors that highlights the latest satellite-derived fire statistics and the current fire situation in S/SEA. This book will be a valuable resource for remote sensing scientists, geographers, ecologists, atmospheric, climate, environmental scientists, including policymakers, and all who wish to advance their knowledge on vegetation fires and emissions in South/Southeast Asia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 602 p. 245 illus., 231 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031299162
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Archaeology. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Archaeology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Landslide mitigation measures for the conservation of the archaeological site of Orongo (Easter Island-Chile) -- Conservation polices and mitigation measures for the Akapana Pyramid in the Tiwanaku archaeological site (Bolivia) -- Multiscale analysis of geohazards affecting the Alhambra (Spain) Cultural Heritage -- Rock mechanic characterization and 3D Kinematic analysis of Katsky pillar (Georgia) -- Petrological study on the Roman mortars from Kom El-Dikka Archaeological Site (Alexandria, Egypt) -- Electrochemical desalination of salt infected brick masonry applying a double electrode system -- Keynote: Investigation and preservation of historic foundations -- Keynote: Preventive Conservation of the Central Tower of Bayon Temple under Global Warming: Case Study in Soil Filled Foundation and Character Defining Elements of Authenticity of Foundation in Angkor, Cambodia -- Slope instability induced by climate changes on the UNESCO Etruscan necropolis (Tarquinia, Central Italy) -- Keynote: NRIAG effort to mitigate natural and geotechnical risk in cultural heritage site -- The Potential and Limitations of Electrical Resistivity and Magnetic Methods for Characterizing Highly Terrainous Archaeological Site: A Case Study At Tell Dibgou, Egypt -- The implementation of shallow geophysical survey for detection of some buried archaeological structures in Aswan city, Egypt -- The use of InfraRed Thermography (IRT) for the protection and conservation of rupestrian CH sites affected by slope instabilities -- Ground Penetrating Radar for investigating painted walls and floors of ancient buildings -- Frozen mounds of Altay mounting geophysical studies -- Keynote: Developments in the digital documentation of tangible Cultural heritage. Advances in data acquisition, processing methods and curating -- Usage of laser scanning system to document the historical heritage of Beet Al Qadi, Cairo -- An HBIM Holistic Approach for Rehabilitation of Heritage Buildings -- Keynote: Geophysics' role in investigating and mitigating groundwater hazards on archaeological sites: Case studies from "Sphinx -Giza, Kom Ombo Temple-Aswan and Hawara Pyramid-Fayoum -- Hydrogelogical hazard assessment and monitoring of Maya Devi Temple World Heritage sites in Lumbini (Nepal): the Birthplace of the Lord Buddha -- Water Infiltration and Waterproofing of Susan-ri Tomb (North Korea) -- Monitoring cultural heritage sites affected by geohazards -- Innovative structural monitoring as tool of preservation and valorisation of monumental architectures: the case of Neptune Temple in Paestum IT -- Structure Stability Analyses of Chapels Dedicated to Wives of Amun Using Non-Contact Techniques, Madinet Habu temple – Luxor – Egypt -- Integrated characterization of Apulian hypogean cultural heritage (Italy) -- Geological control on the evolution of stability of Theban tombs at Sheikh ‘Abd el-Qurna, Luxor, Egypt -- Keynote: Archeoseismology and the Impact of Large Earthquakes on Cultural Heritage -- Integrated Geoscience Investigations in Hittite Imperial Sites Affected by Earthquakes -- Multi-Scenario Physics-Based Seismic Hazard Assessment of Cultural Heritage Sites -- State of buildings and related damage after the earthquake of 1856 in Jijel (Algeria). Considerations for seismic hazard assessment in Jijel and Skikda (Algeria) -- Seismic hazard assessment of a cultural heritage minaret in Cairo -- Keynote: Analysis, integration and interpretation of Big Earth data in the Copernicus Era for the documentation, monitoring and preservation of natural and cultural heritage -- The potential of satellite interferometry for geohazard assessment in cultural heritage sites -- Instability processes and SAR data analysis in the Pompeii archeological park -- Remote Sensing applications for Cultural Heritage Sites Sustainability: case studies form Egypt -- Rome walls satellite monitoring and protection by prothego methodology -- The project of Parco Archeologico del Colosseo and the Italian network of archaeological parks: from satellite monitoring to conservation and preventive maintenance policies -- Adaptation, traditions and conservation: The Case of the Asante Traditional Buildings World Heritage Site in Ghana -- Management of Cultural Assets in Sudan from the Perspective of Sustainable Development Goals -- Improvement the State of Conservation of the Georgian Rock-cut Heritage through the Multidisciplinary Approach -- The Aswan declaration.
    Abstract: This book presents up-to-date geoscience technologies for heritage investigations and conservation, covering various sub-disciplines of geophysics, geodesy, 3D laser scanning technology, hydrogeology, and rock mechanics applied to the exploration of new heritage sites, mapping and visualization, as well as hazard mitigation. The current shift toward interdisciplinary ways of thinking highlights the added value of merging arts with sciences and other disciplines for better management and preservation of cultural heritage. Featuring advanced scientific investigations in 40 case studies around the globe, the book demonstrates how a better understanding of natural processes coupled with conservation approaches, mainly based on sustainable practices such as the use of traditional knowledge in recovery techniques and building local capacities, can ensure effective conservation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 734 p. 565 illus., 538 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031138102
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 4
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Environmental management. ; Artificial intelligence. ; Geophysics. ; Water. ; Environmental Management. ; Artificial Intelligence.
    Description / Table of Contents: Assessment of Water Consumers Literacy -- Machine learning applications in sustainable water resource management: A systematic review -- Remote Sensing and Machine Learning Applications for the Assessment of Urban Water Stress: A Review -- Role of Artificial Intelligence in Water Conservation with special reference to India -- Remote sensing and GIS based techniques for monitoring and conserving water on newly developed farmlands -- A Comprehensive Review on Mapping of Groundwater Potential Zones: Past, present and future recommendations -- Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing in deciphering groundwater potential zones -- Remote Sensing & GIS based monitoring and management of coastal aquifers and ecosystem -- Hydrogeomorphological mapping of groundwater potential zones using multi-influence factor (MIF) and GIS techniques: A case study of Vishav watershed, western Himalayas -- GIS-based disaster risk analysis of floods using certainty factor (CF) and its ensemble with deep learning neural network (DLNN): A case study of Dima Hasao district of Assam -- Geospatial and Analytical Hierarchical Techniques to assess the groundwater potential areas in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu -- Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Mapping Groundwater Potential Zones through Fuzzy Integration in Kodavanar Watershed, A part of Amaravathi Basin, Tamil Nadu -- Morphometric analysis using geospatial techniques in the Pandameru River Basin, Anantapur District, Andhra Pradesh, India -- Ground Water Quality assessment using Water Quality Index and Geographical Information System of Mogamureru River Basin, Y.S.R. District, A.P., India -- Using Geo-spatial Technologies for Land and Water Resource Development Planning: A Case Study of Tirora Tehsil, India -- Delineation of Seawater Intrusion into freshwater aquifers by using VES & GIS in the Kakinada Region, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India -- . Systematic approach of groundwater resources assessment using remote sensing and multi-influence factor (MIF) techniques in Medchal Mandal, Telangana State, India -- Remote sensing snd GIS Application for Rainwater Harvesting and Groundwater Recharge to Secure Sustainable Groundwater Future of Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, India.
    Abstract: This book deals with the role of emerging technologies such as remote sensing and GIS and artificial intelligence/machine learning in water supply, conservation and management for sustainable development. These are low-cost new technologies that address current challenges dealing with large data sets, such as identifying spatial and temporal variations in water quality parameters and contaminants, groundwater potential zones and water supply and management issues. This book is helpful to show the paths of reducing the burden of time and cost and is the alternative options for the conventional practices in water supply, conservation and management. Further, the outcomings of this book are helpful for policy makers, researchers and readers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 384 p. 99 illus., 85 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031352799
    Series Statement: Springer Water,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Archaeology. ; Paleontology . ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Conservation Biology. ; Archaeology. ; Paleontology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part 1- People and Caves in Australia -- Part 2 - ‘Hard’ rock karst developed in Neoproterozoic and Palaeozoic carbonates -- Part 3 - ‘Soft’ rock karst developed in Tertiary and Quaternary limestones -- Part 4 – Pseudokarst -- Part 5 – Cave contents.
    Abstract: This book, part of the series Cave and Karst Systems of the World, begins with a review of the interaction between people and caves in Australia (including conservation), followed by descriptions of the spectacular cave diving sites, before comprehensively covering all the major carbonate and noncarbonate karst areas, subdivided by rock type and region, and including the origin of the caves. This is followed by broad overviews of cave minerals and speleothems, cave biology and cave fossils. Each section was written by one or more specialists in the topic and is illustrated by clear diagrams and superb colour photos. The book emphasises the unique aspects of the Australian karst, including the variability in the age of the caves (very old to very young) and the impact of isolation on the stygofauna, as well as the vertebrate fossils preserved in the caves. Written in an easy-to-read style, the book is a primary reference guide to Australian karst and represents a valuable asset for anyone interested in the topic, not only cavers and academics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 398 p. 215 illus., 191 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031242670
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Planetary science. ; Statistics . ; Geophysics. ; Planetary Science. ; Applied Statistics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Scalar time series -- Chapter 3. Bivariate time series analysis -- Chapter 4. Analysis of trivariate time series -- Chapter 5. Conclusions and recommendations.
    Abstract: This book presents an easy-to-use tool for time series analysis and allows the user to concentrate upon studying time series properties rather than upon how to calculate the necessary estimates. The two attached programs provide, in one run of the program, a time and frequency domain description of scalar or multivariate time series approximated with a sequence of autoregressive models of increasing orders. The optimal orders are chosen by five order selection criteria. The results for scalar time series include time domain stochastic difference equations, spectral density estimates, predictability properties, and a forecast of scalar time series based upon the Kolmogorov-Wiener theory. For the bivariate and trivariate time series, the results contain a time domain description with multivariate stochastic difference equations, statistical predictability criterion, and information for calculating feedback and Granger causality properties in the bivariate case. The frequency domain information includes spectral densities, ordinary, multiple, and partial coherence functions, ordinary and multiple coherent spectra, gain, phase, and time lag factors. The programs seem to be unique and using them does not require professional knowledge of theory of random processes. The book contains many examples including three from engineering.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 199 p. 97 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031168918
    Series Statement: Progress in Geophysics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Biotic communities. ; Geology. ; Environment. ; Freshwater ecology. ; Marine ecology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Monitoring. ; Ecosystems. ; Geology. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Freshwater and Marine Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Freezing of lakes -- Structure and properties of lake ice -- Thermodynamics of Seasonal lake ice -- Mechanics of lake ice -- Proglacial lakes -- Lake Water Body in the Ice Season -- Ice-Covered Lakes Environment -- Lake ice Climatology -- Future of frozen lakes -- Annex: Ice Properties and Useful Formulae -- References -- Index.
    Abstract: This book updates the first edition for the status of knowledge in the physics of lake ice and the interactions between the ice cover and the liquid water underneath. Since the first edition was written in 2013, there has been a lot of progress in the field, in particular concerning environmental questions and the impact of climate change. Life conditions in ice-covered lakes and practical matters are now brought more into the picture so that the revision also properly serves as a handbook for applications. The author has worked widely with boreal lakes, polar lakes and Central Asian lakes that provides a wide geographical spectrum. Chapter 1 gives a brief overview and presents the research fields. The second chapter contains the classification of ice-covered lakes and observation techniques, especially remote sensing. In Chapter 3, the structure and properties of lake ice are presented including optics and geochemistry. Ice growth and melting are treated in Chapter 4, while the following chapter focuses on ice mechanics with applications to traffic on ice and ice loads. Chapter 6 goes into the exotic environment of pro-glacial lakes. Chapter 7 contains the stratification and circulation of the water body beneath lake ice, Chapter 8 presents the winter ecology of freezing lakes and discusses the lake ice interface toward the society, and Chapter 9 summarizes the climate change impact on lake ice seasons. The book ends into a brief closing chapter and list of references. Research problems for student learning are listed throughout the book. Annexes are included to provide numerical data of constants and standard formulae to help practical calculations and student tasks. Lake ice closely interacts with human living conditions, but people have learnt to live with that and to utilize the ice. In the present time this is true for on-ice traffic and recreation activities. Ice fishing has become a widely enjoyed hobby, and winter sports such as skiing, skating, and ice sailing are popular activities on frozen lakes. The lake ice response to eventual climate warming would appear as a shortening of the ice season due to the increasing air temperature and also as changing of the quality of the ice seasons via changes in ice thickness and structure. The book gives the whole story of lake ice into a single volume. The second, revised edition updates the content based on recent progress in winter limnology and ice physics research and applications. The author has contributed to lake ice research since the 1980s. In particular, his topics have been lake ice structure and thermodynamics, light transfer in ice and snow, ice mechanics in large lakes, and lake ice climatology. Mathematical modeling of ice growth, drift, and decay are covered in this research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 361 p. 160 illus., 116 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031256059
    Series Statement: Springer Praxis Books
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geochemistry. ; Natural disasters. ; Geographic information systems. ; Human geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geochemistry. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geographical Information System. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Scientific Discovery of Merapi: From Ancient Javanese Sources to the 21st Century -- Physical Environment and Human Context at Merapi Volcano: A Complex Balance Between Accessing Livelihoods and Coping With Volcanic Hazards -- Merapi and Its Dynamic 'Disaster Culture' -- The Geodynamic Setting and Geological Context of Merapi Volcano in Central Java, Indonesia -- Crustal Structure and Ascent of Fluids and Melts Beneath Merapi: Insights From Geophysical Investigations -- Geological History, Chronology and Magmatic Evolution of Merapi -- The Godean Debris Avalanche Deposit From a Sector Collapse of Merapi Volcano.
    Abstract: This book provides the first comprehensive compilation of cutting-edge research on Merapi volcano on the island of Java, Indonesia, one of the most iconic volcanoes in the world. It integrates results from both the natural (geology, petrology, geochemistry, geophysics, physical volcanology) and social sciences, and provides state-of-the-art information on volcano monitoring, the assessment of volcanic hazards, and risk mitigation measures. As one of Indonesia’s most active and dangerous volcanoes, Merapi is perhaps best known for its pyroclastic density currents, which are produced by gravitational or explosive lava dome failures (commonly referred to as Merapi-type nuées ardentes). Merapi’s eruptions have posed a persistent threat to life, property and infrastructure within the densely populated areas on the volcano’s flanks, as demonstrated most recently by catastrophic eruptions, which attracted worldwide media interest.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 572 p. 245 illus., 229 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031150401
    Series Statement: Active Volcanoes of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Oceanography. ; Environment. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Symmetric and asymmetric tropics -- Chapter 2. Seasonal evolution of the monsoons -- Chapter 3. The coupled monsoons -- Chapter 4. Intraseasonal variations of the monsoon -- Chapter 5. The western pacific warm pool -- Chapter 6. The monsoons-ENSO teleconnection -- Chapter 7. ENSO -- Chapter 8. The inter-tropical convergence zone -- Chapter 9. Tropical atlantic variations -- Chapter 10. Large-scale aspects of extreme weather.
    Abstract: This upper-undergraduate/graduate-level textbook introduces students to large-scale tropical climate circulation and its variations, covering their fundamental aspects and our current understanding of how they are impacted in a warming world. From this volume, readers will gain an understanding of tropical climate variability from the meso- to planetary scale. Uniquely, equal emphasis is placed on atmospheric and oceanic processes of tropical phenomena. The book will appeal to senior undergraduate and graduate students across geoscience disciplines, including in meteorology, oceanography, geography, hydrology, and environmental science. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 309 p. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031128875
    Series Statement: Springer Atmospheric Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 10
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geographic information systems. ; Natural disasters. ; Geology. ; Environmental monitoring. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geology. ; Environmental Monitoring.
    Description / Table of Contents: Modern Methods of Rock Mass Characterisation and Rock Fall Monitoring: A Review -- Rock Mass Characterization and Rockfall Monitoring: Traditional Approaches -- Criteria of the Prehistoric Rock Avalanches Identification and Discrimination -- Stability Assessment of Markundi Hills Using Q-slope, SMR and Simulation Tools -- Geotechnical Investigation of Landslide in Ooty, India -- Geomechanical and Kinematic Stability Analysis of Unstable Slopes (near 9th km stone) on Palani – Kodaikkanal Ghat Section in Tamil Nadu -- Geological and Geotechnical Studies of Nungkao Landslide along Imphal-Jiribam National Highway, NH-37, Manipur, India -- Stability Assessment of Lateritic Soil Slope along NH-66, Ratnagiri Maharashtra, India -- Rockfall Hazard: A Comprehensive Review of Current Mitigation Practices -- Debris Flow Hazard in India: Current Status, Research Trends, and Emerging Challenges -- Early Warning System for Rainfall Induced Landslide – A Laboratory Prototype Model -- Study and Instrumental Monitoring of Landslides at the "Russkie Gorki" Site in the Mzymta River Valley, Sochi Region, Russia -- Application of Scoops3D and GIS for Assessing Landslide Hazard in Trung Chai Commune, Sapa, Vietnam -- Landslide Susceptibility Assessment using Frequency Ratio Model in Turung Mamring, South District of Sikkim, India -- Mapping of Annual Ground Displacement using Remote Sensing Methods for Critical Slopes along the Bhagirathi River in Uttarakhand, India -- Landslides Inventory of Active Ramgarh Thrust Zone through Image Processing and GIS Techniques in Sikkim, India -- Landslide Susceptibility Zonation Mapping using Frequency Ratio, Information Value Model, and Logistic Regression Model: A Case Study of Kohima District in Nagaland, India -- Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Technology for Slope Hazard Assessment, Monitoring, and Post Failure Management -- Landslide Hazard Assessment Using Machine Learning and GIS -- Social and Economic Impacts of Kotropi Landslide on National Highways of Himalayas – A Case Study. .
    Abstract: This book intends to decipher the knowledge in the advancement of understanding, detecting, predicting, and monitoring landslides. The number of massive landslides and the damages they cause has increased across the globe in recent times. It is one of the most devastating natural hazards that cause widespread damage to habitat on a local, regional, and global scale. International experts provide their experience in landslide research and practice to help stakeholders mitigate and predict potential landslides. The book comprises chapters on: Dynamics, mechanisms, and processes of landslides; Geological, geotechnical, hydrological, and geophysical modelling for landslides; Mapping and assessment of hazard, vulnerability, and risk associated with landslides; Monitoring and early warning of landslides; Application of remote sensing and GIS techniques in monitoring and assessment of landslides. The book will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers in adapting suitable modern techniques for landslide study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 419 p. 166 illus., 157 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031238598
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 11
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Cultural property. ; Archaeology. ; Paleontology . ; Sedimentology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Archaeology and Heritage. ; Paleontology. ; Sedimentology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part1. Introduction -- Chapter1. Geoheritage: A growing research topic in morocco and the middle atlas -- Part2. lithostratigraphic and sedimentological heritage -- Chapter2. Paleozoic-lower and middle lias lithostratigraphic and sedimentological geosites of the middle atlas (morocco): inventory and valorization -- Chapter3. The brown and ammonitic-rosso levels: geoheritage reflecting the toarcian lithostratigraphy of the middle atlas (morocco) -- Chapter4. Jbel serhla: A particular geosite of lithostratigraphic, paleogeographic and paleontological amplitude -- Chapter5. Cenozoic sites of the middle atlas (morocco): an alpine heritage to be preserved -- Part3. Palaeontological heritage -- Chapter6. The palaeontological heritage of vertebrates in the middle atlas (morocco): initiatives of inventory and assessment for a rare heritage threatened with degradation -- Chapter7. 3D virtual visit of the paleontological site of anchrif (middle atlas, morocco): a new perspective for the enhancement of geoheritage -- Part4. Hydric heritage -- Chapter8. Hydric geosites of middle atlas: a natural heritage under threat -- Chapter9. Fluvial heritage of the middle atlas (morocco): an essential element for regional sustainable development -- Part5. Karst heritage -- Chapter10. Exo- and endokarst of the middle atlas (morocco): from inventory to promotion -- Chapter11. Geomorphological study of the endo-karst of the middle atlas as a geological heritage to be preserved, case of the chaara cave, province of taza -- Chapter12. Biodiversity endokarstic of the middle atlas: an underground richness to inventory -- Part6. Volcanic heritage -- Chapter13. Volcanic landscape of the middle atlas: a representative heritage of moroccan geological history -- Chapter14. The volcanism of the plio-quaternary of azrou-timahdite plateau (central middle atlas, morocco): potential for geotourism development -- Part7. Conclusion -- Chapter15. Geoheritage: between geological heritage protection initiatives.
    Abstract: This book is a condensed summary of a broad spectrum of the geological heritage of the Middle Atlas. It has the particularity of proposing an in-depth synthesis and a critical review of the geoheritage of the region. The book addresses the issues related to geoheritage and methodologies for the selection, inventory, assessment and preservation of geosites. It reviews the state of the art of geoheritage in Morocco, particularly in the Middle Atlas, in order to identify geosites with rare and unique geological features. The book presents a detailed study of lithostratigraphic and sedimentological heritage as geosites witnessing at different spatial and temporal scales the evolution and the stratigraphic, sedimentological and paleogeographic history of the Middle Atlas range. It also presents the paleontological heritage of vertebrates by reviewing the discoveries of paleontological sites and their risks in order to present its conservation plans. It also addresses the hydric and fluvial heritage by presenting the potential of water resources and the impact of climate change on the latter. Furthermore, it highlights the karst heritage by exposing an inventory of exo- and endokarst geosites in order to emphasize some unique sites on a national and African scale as well as revealing the underground biodiversity related to this heritage. Finally, it proposes a presentation of the volcanic heritage in order to assess the volcanic geosites that testify to the strombolian, phreatomagmatic and Hawaiian dynamism of the region. The book is mainly intended for researchers, geologists and specialists of the Moroccan Middle Atlas region wishing to acquire a broad multidisciplinary or even transdisciplinary knowledge. It will also be accessible to a non-initiated public, interested in the richness of the Moroccan geoheritage, as well as to Moroccan territorial authorities (High Commission for Water and Forests, Ministry of Tourism, National Institute of Archaeology and Heritage Sciences, etc.) who can benefit from it in the perspective of their strategies of preservation of the national geological heritage. This work will be an example for geoscientists, on an African scale, of a valorization of territorial geological heritage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 240 p. 166 illus., 161 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031270734
    Series Statement: Geoheritage, Geoparks and Geotourism, Conservation and Management Series,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 12
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Machine learning. ; Artificial intelligence. ; Mathematics. ; Application software. ; Earth Sciences. ; Machine Learning. ; Artificial Intelligence. ; Applications of Mathematics. ; Computer and Information Systems Applications.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1: Basic Concepts of Machine Learning for Earth Scientists -- Chapter 1. Introduction to Machine Learning -- Chapter 2. Setting Up your Python Environments for Machine Learning -- Chapter 3. Machine Learning Workflow -- Part 2: Unsupervised Learning -- Chapter 4. Unsupervised Machine Learning Methods -- Chapter 5. Clustering and Dimensionality Reduction in Petrology -- Chapter 6. Clustering of Multi-Spectral Data -- Part 3: Supervised Learning -- Chapter 7. Supervised Machine Learning Methods -- Chapter 8. Classification of Well Log Data Facies by Machine Learning -- Chapter 9. Machine Learning Regression in Petrology -- Part 4: Scaling Machine Learning Models -- Chapter 10. Parallel Computing and Scaling with Dask -- Chapter 11. Scale Your Models in the Cloud -- Part 5: Next Step: Deep Learning -- Chapter 12. Introduction to Deep Learning.
    Abstract: This textbook introduces the reader to Machine Learning (ML) applications in Earth Sciences. In detail, it starts by describing the basics of machine learning and its potentials in Earth Sciences to solve geological problems. It describes the main Python tools devoted to ML, the typical workflow of ML applications in Earth Sciences, and proceeds with reporting how ML algorithms work. The book provides many examples of ML application to Earth Sciences problems in many fields, such as the clustering and dimensionality reduction in petro-volcanological studies, the clustering of multi-spectral data, well-log data facies classification, and machine learning regression in petrology. Also, the book introduces the basics of parallel computing and how to scale ML models in the cloud. The book is devoted to Earth Scientists, at any level, from students to academics and professionals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 209 p. 102 illus., 99 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031351143
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 13
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Philosophy. ; Archaeology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Philosophy. ; Archaeology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction to the Book “Bridges to global ethics” (Giuseppe Di Capua) -- Chapter 2. Geoethics for Redefining Human-Earth System Nexus (Silvia Peppoloni) -- Chapter 3. The Sustainable and the Unsustainable: What Is a Habitable Planet? (Tanella Boni) -- Chapter 4. Geology and Knowledge Culture (Robert Frodeman) -- Chapter 5. The Ethics of Gaia: Geoethics From an Evolutionary Perspective (Sofia Belardinelli) -- Chapter 6. Materialities, Perceptions and Ethics (Harold P. Sjursen) -- Chapter 7. Affirmative Ethics, New Materialism and the Posthuman Convergence (Rosi Braidotti) -- Chapter 8. Epilogue (Torbjörn Lodén).
    Abstract: This book contributes to the current discussion on geoethics and global ethics within the geoscience and humanities communities. It provides new content and insights into developing convergent human actions in response to global anthropogenic changes, based on perspectives that make it possible to combine geoscience knowledge with humanities and social sciences approaches. Selected authors present their reflections, findings and insights regarding the vision of geoethics (ethics of responsibility towards the Earth) as global ethics from philosophical, humanities and social sciences perspectives. In addition, they discuss ethical frameworks from diverse cultural traditions, searching for points of intersection with geoethics. The goal: for global environmental problems to be managed via multi-perspective approaches that can more effectively accommodate complexity. Combining the strengths of the geosciences, humanities and social sciences can pave the way for a paradigm shift in how human societies develop adaptive, sustainable responses to environmental changes and societal inequalities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VII, 115 p. 4 illus., 2 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031222238
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Geoethics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 14
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Climatology. ; Sedimentology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Sedimentology. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1-Lake sediments and climate studies -- Chapter 2- Working approach: Field investigation -- Chapter 3- Working approach: Lab investigation and proxy development -- Chapter 4- Proxy response in various climatic conditions -- Chapter 5- Summary and Future scope.
    Abstract: The book discusses a comprehensive overview of various limnological approaches for climate studies, and sheds light on a multi-dimensional approach (i.e., field, laboratory, and data analysis; modern investigations; proxy development/calibration; proxy interpretation; and validation of climate models with proxy data) for climate reconstruction. The study highlighted the utilization of lake sediment as an archive for paleoclimate research. With the help of several case studies from around the globe (Israel, India, Turkey, Kyrgyzstan, Tibet, China and Europe), this brief provides a unique way to understand the implication of the methodological framework for climate studies. The book emphasizes the importance of field-based modern investigations to establish baseline characteristics of lake basins according to changes in environmental conditions. It also unveils the role of paleoclimate studies in climate model validation to forecast future climate variability. The book is a valuable resource for early career researchers interested in climate studies especially those using lake sediments as climate archive.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 140 p. 23 illus., 22 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031347092
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 15
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geochemistry. ; Paleontology . ; Earth Sciences. ; Geochemistry. ; Paleontology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Sedimentary organic matter: origin, productivity, preservation and role in source-rock development -- Practical guide for petroleum source rock interpretation -- Source rock thermal maturity based on oxidation and pyrolysis methods -- Source rocks forward modelling: significance and approach -- Optical kerogen analysis -- Effective source-rock evaluation strategies for the identification of profitable plays in the Permian Basin, USA -- High-resolution palynostratigraphy and palynofacies of the Upper Cretaceous and K/Pg boundary, Sirt Basin, Libya: A case study -- Viability of the upper member of the Mississippian Lodgepole Formation as an economic source rock in the Williston Basin -- Integration of palynological and foraminiferal analyses toward evaluation of the hydrocarbon potential in the Orange Basin, SW Africa -- Palynofacies, organic petrography and hydrocarbon potential of the Toarcian oil shale in the Tibetan Tethys, China -- Organic facies, paleoenvironment, and hydrocarbon source potential of the Cretaceous Mancos and Gallup formations, San Juan Basin, New Mexico -- Petroleum system analysis of the main Paleozoic source rocks in western Iraq: A 1D basin modelling approach -- Source rock quality and continuous petroleum system in the Ranikot Formation (Kirthar Foldbelt, Pakistan) based on principal organic geochemistry -- Egyptian Red Sea unconventional resource potential of the Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene black shales.
    Abstract: This book is directed to those who are interested in petroleum geology, especially source rock from both academia and industrial societies. Our chapter-based book is written by a list of world-class subject-matter experts. The book includes recent advancements in analytical source rock characterization methods with some case studies. It is also used as part of a course curriculum or guide for source rock interpretation for all researcher categories. Significant improvement in the source rock characterization techniques in the last two decades and the knowledge is disseminated in a huge amount of papers and studies. The book intends to collect these recent advancements in one textbook to benefit students and researchers in general. In addition, it is supplemented by many case studies from all over the world that represent important data sets for the regional geology of these areas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 293 p. 213 illus., 194 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031163968
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 16
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Machine learning. ; Geology. ; Natural disasters. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Statistical Learning. ; Geology. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1-Intelligent methods and motivations to use in volcanology and seismology -- Chapter2-Machine Learning: The concepts -- Chapter 3 - Machine Learning Applications in volcanology and seismology -- Chapter 4 - Deep Learning: The concepts -- Chapter 5:Deep Learning: Applications in Seismology and Volcanology -- Chapter 6: Evolutionary Algorithms with focus on Genetic Algorithm -- Chapter 7: Application of Genetic Algorithm in volcanology and seismology.
    Abstract: This book presents intelligent methods like neural, neuro-fuzzy, machine learning, deep learning and metaheuristic methods and their applications in both volcanology and seismology. The complex system of volcanoes and also earthquakes is a big challenge to identify their behavior using available models, which motivates scientists to apply non-model based methods. As there are lots of seismology and volcanology data sets, i.e., the local and global networks, one solution is using intelligent methods in which data-based algorithms are used. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 203 p. 219 illus., 133 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031154324
    Series Statement: Advances in Volcanology, An Official Book Series of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 17
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Rheology. ; Mathematics Data processing. ; Petrology. ; Geophysics. ; Rheology. ; Computational Mathematics and Numerical Analysis. ; Petrology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Background, Mathematic Preliminaries and Notations -- Chapter 2. Orientation of Fabric Elements -- Chapter 3. Stress, Strain, and Elasticity -- Chapter 4. Deformation: Strain and Rotation -- Chapter 5. Flow: Strain Rate and Vorticity -- Chapter 6. Flow and Finite Deformation in Tabular Zones -- Chapter 7. Constitutive Equations -- Chapter 8. Rotation of Rigid Objects in Homogeneous Flows -- Chapter 9. Further Analysis of Spheroids in Simple Shearing Flows -- Chapter 10. Eshelby’s Inclusion and Inhomogeneity Problem -- Chapter 11. Viscous Inclusions in Anisotropic Materials -- Chapter 12. Two-Dimensional Inclusion Problems -- Chapter 13. Effective Stiffnesses of Heterogeneous Materials -- Chapter 14. Application Example 1: An Elastic Prolate Object in a Viscous Matrix -- Chapter 15. Application Example 2: A Penny-Shaped Viscous Inclusion in an Elastic Matrix -- Chapter 16. Application Example 3: Deformation around a Heterogeneity: Flanking Structures -- Chapter 17. Generalization of Eshelby's Formalism and a Self-Consistent Model for Multiscale Rock Deformation.
    Abstract: The book integrates theory, numerical methods, and practical applications seamlessly. MATLAB and MathCad programs are provided for readers to master the theory, understand the approach, and to further develop and apply the methods to geological problems. Multiscale and multi-physics investigations of Earth and planetary processes have been an active trend of research in Earth Sciences, thanks to the development of scientific computation and computer software and hardware. Based on the author's research and teaching over the past 15 years, the book stands alone as the first comprehensive text in unifying fundamental continuum micromechanics theory, geometric/kinematic analysis, and applications. The book should appeal to a broad audience of students and researchers, particularly those in the fields of structural geology, tectonics, (natural and experimental) rock deformation, mineral physics and rheology, and numerical modeling of multiscale and coupling processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 416 p. 104 illus., 72 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031233135
    Series Statement: Springer Geophysics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 18
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Atmospheric science. ; Oceanography. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Ocean Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: The environment in the Solar System -- The fluid environment of the Earth -- Thermodynamics of the atmosphere and the ocean -- Chemical kinetics -- Fluid dynamics -- General circulation of the atmosphere -- General circulation of the ocean -- Biogeochemical Cycles -- Greenhouse E↵ect-Chemistry Climate Connection -- The Perturbed Atmosphere -- Some chemistry of the Sea -- Aerosols, Clouds and Rain -- Atmosphere-Sea Interactions -- The Fluid Environment in.
    Abstract: The book is conceived at two levels. An introductory one intended for undergraduate and/or environmental studies students and the other (in the appendix) for advanced students (graduate). The book is different from others on the same subject which are either too descriptive or too much specialized. Beside there are large sections on biogeochemistry not usually found in other textbooks. Whenever possible an approach based on entropy considerations is introduced. The book includes a quite classical introduction to the thermodynamics of ocean and atmosphere, then the circulation of the ocean and atmosphere, the connection climate-chemistry with main emphasis on the carbon dioxide problem. The chemistry is also considered in connection with the polluted atmosphere and ocean and particulate in the atmosphere . A chapter is dedicated to the biogeochemical cycles which are solved both with the integration of a system of equations or matrix algebra. An original chapter is dedicated to sea-atmosphere interactions which includes the monsoons meteorology, hurricanes and the ENSO phenomena. Finally a concise description of the fluid environments in the Solar System is given.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 384 p. 156 illus., 12 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031315398
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 19
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Geology. ; Sedimentology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water. ; Geology. ; Sedimentology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Study Framework -- Introduction and Background -- Description of the Physical Environment -- Literature Review -- Physical Hydrology.
    Abstract: This book combines the results of the research activities in the assessment of water resources environment and an integrated water resource monitoring program to support preservation efforts of the aquatic environment of the Cradle of Humankind (COH), World Heritage Sites. A poor understanding of the surface and groundwater resources of the COH property has precipitated often alarmist reporting in the media regarding the negative impacts associated with various sources of poor quality water. The most notable of these is the acid mine drainage threat to karst ecosystems and fossil sites across the property. These circumstances have generated wide and considerable concern for the preservation of the UNESCO-inscribed fossil sites and integrity of the water resources of the property.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: LXV, 356 p. 274 illus., 213 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030958299
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 20
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Oceanography. ; Climatology. ; Physical geography. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geophysics. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Determination of cavities under the concrete slab anchoring the upper slopes of the Novosibirsk hydroe-lectric power station using standing waves -- Acoustic measurements on synthetic fractured samples made using FDM 3D printing technology -- Variational identification of the transport model parameters in the Azov Sea based on remote sensing data -- Separated flows under hydrodynamic action of a solution on rock salt -- Innovative technologies for the construction of horizontal and two-tiered underground reservoirs in rock salt -- Coastal geology and geomorphology of the Kasatka Bay (Iturup Island, South Kuril Islands, SE Russia) -- The movement of the particles around cylindrical particle in a shear flow -- Metastable instability of Marangoni convection -- Impact of warm winters on the White Sea: in silico experiment.
    Abstract: This book corresponds to the fourth volume of the series focused on Processes in GeoMedia and their research on the dynamic of natural systems - geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and their interactions-, the human contribution to naturally occurring processes are among the most urgent and essential scientific problems. The widespread introduction of computer technology has allowed calculating complex phenomena, previously unavailable for analysis. The creation and improvement of a new generation of geophysical instruments, remote observing systems based on the ship, aircraft, and satellite allow obtaining a large amount of data to reflect the broad picture of the processes objectively. The articles included in this book also reflect a critical position in laboratory modeling of research in geo-environments and testing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 385 p. 220 illus., 99 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030763282
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 21
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Oceanography. ; Climatology. ; Physical geography. ; Geophysics. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Determination of cavities under the concrete slab anchoring the upper slopes of the Novosibirsk hydroe-lectric power station using standing waves -- Chapter 2: Acoustic measurements on synthetic fractured samples made using FDM 3D printing technology -- Chapter 3: Variational identification of the transport model parameters in the Azov Sea based on remote sensing data -- Chapter 4: Detached flows at rock salt exposition to aqueous solution -- Chapter 5: Innovative technologies for construction of horizontal and double-deck underground tanks in rock salt -- Chapter 6: Coastal geology and geomorphology of the Kasatka Bay (Iturup Island, South Kuril Islands, SE Russia) -- Chapter 7: The movement of the particles around cylindrical particle in a shear flow -- Chapter 8: Internal Gravity Waves Fields Dynamics in Vertically Stratified Horizontally Inhomogeneous Medium. .
    Abstract: This book corresponds to the fifth volume of the series focused on Processes in GeoMedia and their research on the dynamic of natural systems, including theoretical and experimental studies of the processes occurring in the earth's bowels, the ocean, and the atmosphere. This volume pays particular attention to geomechanical aspects of the production of hydrocarbons. This fifth volume of Processes in GeoMedia corresponds to the English edition of the journal Processes in GeoMedia, published originally in Russian.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VII, 271 p. 129 illus., 69 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030858513
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 22
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Life sciences. ; Earth Sciences. ; Life Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: The continent at the end of the world -- Chapter 2: A brief history of an arduous discovery -- Chapter 3: Paleoclimate: looking for the importance of Antarctica -- Chapter 4: Survival lessons: Mars on Earth -- Chapter 5: Perpetually moving glaciers: where icebergs emerge -- Chapter 6: The Antarctic ice floe -- Chapter 7: Microbes -- Chapter 8: Ice, algae, krill -- Chapter 9: Life in the dark: a diversity explosion under the ice -- Chapter 10: Birds at the end of the world -- Chapter 11: Large mammals of the white continent -- Chapter 12: Climate change: not so isolated -- Chapter 13: What happened in Larsen? -- Chapter 14: Organisms and climate change -- Chapter 15: The ozone layer and Antarctica -- Chapter 16: Pollutants in a pristine place -- Chapter 17: The final resort -- Chapter. 18: Remote fishing grounds -- Chapter 19: Ecotourism and invasive species -- Chapter 20: The Antarctic Treaty -- Chapter 21: Antarctic bases -- Chapter 22: Living on an ocean-going icebreaker -- Chapter. 23: The last bastion of an unspoiled planet.
    Abstract: Having always been fascinated by these singular landscapes, Sergio Rossi reconstructs some of the episodes that have marked the exploration of these territories, such as the dramatic race between Amundsen and Scott to conquer the South Pole, and Captain Shackleton’s odyssey to save his crew from certain death. But also modern trips including his own to these remote areas, explaining many aspects of the current science and political competition that is underway. The book leads us on an entertaining overview of all the problems and opportunities that the planet’s most forgotten continent offers to humans. A remote mass of ice upon which our future as a species depends and which we cannot continue to ignore any longer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 198 p. 21 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030894924
    Series Statement: Popular Science,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 23
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Petrology. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Petrology.
    Description / Table of Contents: List of acronyms -- Acknowledgements -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- Chapter 2 The seismic method -- Chapter 3 Seismic acquisition essentials -- Chapter 4 Seismic pre-conditioning -- Chapter 5 Seismic well ties and wavelets -- Chapter 6 Interpreting seismic amplitudes -- Chapter 7 Predicting subsurface properties from seismic data -- Chapter 8 Rock properties prediction -- Chapter 9 The way forward -- References.
    Abstract: This book covers in detail the entire workflow for quantitative seismic interpretation of subsurface modeling and characterization. It focusses on each step of the geo-modeling workflow starting from data preconditioning and wavelet extraction, which is the basis for the reservoir geophysics described and introduced in the following chapters. This book allows the reader to get a comprehensive insight of the most common and advanced workflows. It aims at graduate students related to energy (hydrocarbons), CO2 geological storage, and near surface characterization as well as professionals in these industries. The reader benefits from the strong and coherent theoretical background of the book, which is accompanied with real case examples.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 202 p. 125 illus., 99 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030998547
    Series Statement: Advances in Oil and Gas Exploration & Production,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 24
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Natural disasters. ; Earth Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water. ; Natural Hazards. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Identification of the parameters to estimate the capillary rise from shallow groundwater table using field crop experiments -- Study of Groundwater Table fluctuation in the command area of Bhagwanpur Distributary of the Eastern Gandak Project -- Assessment of heavy metals in sediments from exploratory wells for riverbank filtration sites impacted by extreme environmental conditions using principal component analysis -- Simulation of re-aeration coefficient using ANFIS and ARIMA models -- Identification of unknown number of clandestine groundwater pollution source locations and their release flux histories - by Anirban Chakraborty and Om Prakash. .
    Abstract: This book deals with topics of current interest, such as climate change, floods, drought, and hydrological extremes. The impact of climate change on water resources is drawing worldwide attention these days, for water resources in many countries are already stressed and climate change along with burgeoning population, rising standard of living, and increasing demand are adding to the stress. Further, river basins are becoming less resilient to climatic vagaries. Fundamental to addressing these issues is hydrological modelling which is covered in these books. Further, integrated water resources management is vital to ensure water and food security. Integral to the management is groundwater and solute transport. The books encompass tools that will be useful to mitigate the adverse consequences of natural disasters. This book provides many new and innovative methods to assess groundwater and estimate water pollution. Groundwater recharge, solute transport, ground water modelling are some of the important variable used to estimate the groundwater movement, hydraulic gradient and pollution movement. The water quality is another important variable of river Ganga and its tributaries in India and other rivers over the globe. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 410 p. 178 illus., 136 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031095511
    Series Statement: Water Science and Technology Library, 119
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geographic information systems. ; Cartography. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Cartography. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction to “Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in Libya” -- 2. Application of remote sensing and GIS in land cover/land use mapping and change detection using Google Earth Engine platform: a case study in northwestern Libya -- 3. Evaluation of selected vegetation indices to assess rangeland vegetation in eastern Libya -- 4. Spatiotemporal analysis of Vegetation Health Index (VHI) and drought patterns in Libya based on remote sensing time series -- 5. Integration of remotely sensed data and machine learning technique for spatial prediction of selected soil properties in northwestern Libya -- 6. Field and laboratory estimation of soil erodibility, erosion and degradation of the semi-arid Aljabal Alkhdar region, Libya -- 7. DRAINMOD applications to design drainage systems in Libya using soil salinity data predicted by GIS, remote sensing and Artificial Neural Networks -- 8. Surface water potential and suitable sites identification for RWH in the semi-arid and arid watershed of Wadi Sammalus, northeast Libya using GIS and Remote Sensing approach -- 9. Stepwise approach for morphometric modeling of Wadi Zamzam watershed in north-western Libya using GIS and remote sensing techniques -- 10. Geospatial mapping and analysis of the 2019 Flood Disaster extent and impact in the city of Ghat in southwestern Libya using Google Earth Engine and deep learning technique -- 11. Oil pollution monitoring and detection using GIS and remote sensing techniques: case study from Libya -- 12. Conclusions, and Recommendations for Environmental Applications of Remote Sensing and GIS in Libya.
    Abstract: This book addresses the environmental challenges that Libya and similar countries in the regions are currently facing. Each chapter of this book provides a methodology using remote sensing (RS) and geographical information systems (GIS) dealing with one of these environmental challenges such as monitoring and mapping soil salinity and prediction of soil properties, monitoring and mapping of land degradation, spatiotemporal land use/cover, agricultural drought monitoring, hydrological applications such as spatial rainfall distribution, surface runoff, geo-morphometric analysis, flood hazard assessment and mapping, hydrologic and hydraulic modeling, pollution hazard assessment, and climate-related geophysical processes. This book also assesses the impacts of climate change on natural resources using both RS and GIS, as well as other applications, covering different parts of Libya. This book is beneficial for graduate students, researchers, policy planners, and stakeholders in Libya as well as other countries that share similar environmental issues. Also, the methodologies followed in the book's chapters can be applied to any other regions around the world with similar landscapes and climatic conditions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 249 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030978105
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geodynamics. ; Geophysics. ; Geomorphology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geodynamics. ; Geophysics. ; Geomorphology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Neotectonic Movements and Channel Evolution in the Indian Subcontinent: Issues, Challenges and Prospects -- Dramatic Neotectonic Changes in Indian Subcontinent during Quaternary -- Influence of tectonic uplift on varying steepness-concavity index and erosion rates in between major thrusts in Bhagirathi-Alaknanda catchments, NW Himalaya, India -- Spatial variability of topographic attributes and channel morphological characteristics in the Ladakh Trans-Himalayas and their tectonic and structural controls -- Geomorphic response of the Solani river basin to neotectonics: A study from the western Himalayan foothills, India.
    Abstract: This book focuses on neotectonic movements and river channel evolution of the Indian subcontinent, with special reference to the Himalayan Neotectonics. Neotectonic movements have played an important role in channel evolution in tectonically active zones especially for the mountain chains, foredeeps and active deltas. The book addresses the issues of the channel evolution in neotectonically active domains of India. It aims at readers of India as well as abroad, interested in earth sciences, geomorphology, tectonics, physical geography and river forms and processes of India. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 417 p. 218 illus., 195 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030954352
    Series Statement: Society of Earth Scientists Series,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geology. ; Paleontology . ; Paleoecology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geology. ; Paleontology. ; Paleoecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1-The fossil record of insectivores (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla) in Greece -- 2-The fossil record of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Greece -- 3-The fossil record of bovids (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Pecora: Ruminantia: Bovidae) in Greece -- 4-The fossil record of continental fossil deer (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Cervidae) in Greece -- 5-The fossil record of suoids (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Suoidea) in Greece -- 6-The fossil record of anthracotheres (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Anthracotheriidae) in Greece -- 7-The fossil record of giraffes (Mammalia: Giraffidae) in Greece -- 8-The fossil record of tragulids (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Tragulidae) in Greece -- 9-The fossil record of equids (Mammalia: Perissodactyla: Equidae) in Greece -- 10-The fossil record of tapirs (Mammalia: Perissodactyla: Tapiridae) in Greece -- 11-The fossil record of rhinocerotids (Mammalia: Perissodactyla: Rhinocerotidae) in Greece -- 12-The fossil record of chalicotheres (Mammalia: Perissodactyla: Chalicotheriidae) in Greece -- 13-The fossil record of felids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) in Greece -- 14-The fossil record of viverrids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Viverridae) in Greece -- 15-The fossil record of percrocutids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Percrocutidae) in Greece -- 16-The fossil record of hyaenids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Hyaenidae) in Greece -- 17-The fossil record of canids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) in Greece -- 18-The fossil record of bears and cave bears (Carnivora: Ursidae) in Greece -- 19-The fossil record of ailurids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ailuridae) in Greece -- 20-The fossil record of mephitids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Mephitidae) in Greece -- 21-The fossil record of mustelids (Mammalia: Carnivora: Mustelidae) in Greece -- 22-The fossil record of insular endemic mammals from Greece.
    Abstract: This 2-volume set provides a state-of-the-art study of the fossil record and taxonomy of the main vertebrate groups from Greece. Greece stands between 3 continents and its vertebrate fossil record is of great importance for paleontological and evolutionary studies in Europe, Asia and Africa. Fossils from classic, world-famous localities (e.g., Pikermi, Samos) form an essential part of the collections of the most important museums in the world and have been studied by numerous scientists. Recent paleontological research led to the discovery and study of numerous new sites. The volumes contain a taxonomic review of all named and identified taxa, their taxonomic history and current status, as well as historical, phylogenetic and biogeographic information. Volume 2 contains a synopsis of the fossil record and taxonomy of important groups of mammals represented in the fossil record of Greece. The volume starts with specific chapters on laurasiatherians like insectivores and bats, moving on to the main part of the book that deals with three of the most important fossil groups in the country. The fossil record of even-toed animals is summarized with chapters on bovids, cervids, suoids, anthracotheres, hippos, giraffes, and tragulids. The fossil record of odd-toed animals is presented with special chapters on horses, tapirs, rhinos, and chalicotheres. The last part of this volume deals with meat-eating, carnivoran groups, like felids, viverrids, hyaenas, canids, bears, ailurids, mephitids and mustelids. The volume ends with a special chapter on insular endemic mammals from the various islands of Greece. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 724 p. 175 illus., 158 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030684426
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geography Mathematics. ; Climatology. ; Geography. ; Mathematics. ; Statistics . ; Earth Sciences. ; Mathematics of Planet Earth. ; Climate Sciences. ; Earth and Environmental Sciences. ; General Mathematics. ; Statistics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- I Dynamics -- Deterministic dynamical systems -- Linear and integrable systems -- Stability and long-time behavior -- Ergodic theory -- Numerical Algorithms -- II Probability -- Probability Theory -- Discrete-time stochastic processes -- Continuous-time stochastic processes -- Information entropy -- III Probability in dynamical evolution -- Time evolution of broadened initial states -- Stochastic processes generated by observables -- Stochastic dynamical systems -- IV Probability in scientific reasoning -- Interpretations of probability -- Parameter estimation and hypothesis testing -- Bayesian inferences -- V Probability in physics -- Equilibrium statistical mechanics -- Non-equilibrium statistical mechanics -- Foundational issues of statistical mechanics -- Quantum Mechanics -- A Classical Mechanics -- B Thermostatics -- C Fluid dynamics -- D Some proofs and explicit computations -- E Mathematical tools, conventions and notation -- References -- Index.
    Abstract: Our time is characterized by an explosive growth in the use of ever more complicated and sophisticated (computer) models. These models rely on dynamical systems theory for the interpretation of their results and on probability theory for the quantification of their uncertainties. A conscientious and intelligent use of these models requires that both these theories are properly understood. This book is to provide such understanding. It gives a unifying treatment of dynamical systems theory and probability theory. It covers the basic concepts and statements of these theories, their interrelations, and their applications to scientific reasoning and physics. The book stresses the underlying concepts and mathematical structures but is written in a simple and illuminating manner without sacrificing too much mathematical rigor. The book is aimed at students, post-docs, and researchers in the applied sciences who aspire to better understand the conceptual and mathematical underpinnings of the models that they use. Despite the peculiarities of any applied science, dynamics and probability are the common and indispensable tools in any modeling effort. The book is self-contained, with many technical aspects covered in appendices, but does require some basic knowledge in analysis, linear algebra, and physics. Peter Müller, now a professor emeritus at the University of Hawaii, has worked extensively on ocean and climate models and the foundations of complex system theories.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 543 p. 68 illus., 1 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030884864
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Paleoecology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Paleoecology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: A general description of karsts in Hungary -- The history of Hungarian karst and cave research -- An interpretation of karstification and karst processes by Hungarian researchers -- Geology of karsts in Hungary -- Paleokarst in Hungary -- The Hydrogeology of karsts in Hungary -- The Geomorphic Evolution of karsts and karstic surfaces in Hungary -- The surface morphology of karsts in Hungary -- The GIS research of karsts in Hungary -- The caves of Aggtelek karst -- The caves of Bükk Mountains -- The caves of the northeastern part of the Transdanubian Mountains (70.000) -- The caves of the southwestern part of the Transdanubian Mountains -- The caves of Mecsek Mountains -- The caves of Villány Mountains -- Monitoring and geochemical investigations of caves in Hungary: implications for climatological, hydrological and speleothem formation processes -- Sedimentation, taphonomical processes and paleontological values of Hungarian Caves -- Age depositional environment and geochemistry of calcareous sinter deposits from Hungary -- The vegetation of karsts in Hungary -- The fauna of karsts in Hungary -- Geoecology of Hungarian karsts.
    Abstract: This book describes Hungarian karst areas and Hungarian karst research results. The chapters present the general characteristics of karst areas, their geology, their paleokarst, their hydrology, their surface and subsurface morphology (more significant caves are classified according to karst areas and their morphology and development is described), ecology and flora and fauna. This book also includes a separate chapter which deals with the history of Hungarian karst and cave research. Another chapter deals with theories that were made during Hungarian karst researches.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 629 p. 469 illus., 336 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030929602
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geography. ; Environment. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geography. ; Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Introduction -- Origins of the geoethical thinking -- From ethics to geoethics -- The concept of responsibility -- The advantage of the geoethical action -- Ethical problems and dilemmas in geosciences -- The values of geoethics -- Geoethics and anthropogenic global changes -- Geoethics for an ecological humanism -- Bibliography.
    Abstract: This book outlines the current development of geoethical thinking, proposing to the general public reflections and categories useful for understanding the ethical, cultural, and societal dimensions of anthropogenic global changes. Geoethics identifies and orients responsible behaviors and actions in the management of natural processes, redefining the human interaction with the Earth system based on a critical, scientifically grounded, and pragmatic approach. Solid scientific knowledge and a philosophical reference framework are crucial to face the current ecological disruption. The scientific perspective must be structured to help different human contexts while respecting social and cultural diversity. It is impossible to respond to global problems with disconnected local actions, which cannot be proposed as standard and effective operational models. Geoethics tries to overcome this fragmentation, presenting Earth sciences as the foundation of responsible human action toward the planet. Geoethics is conceived as a rational and multidisciplinary language that can bind and concretely support the international community, engaged in resolving global environmental imbalances and complex challenges, which have no national, cultural, or religious boundaries that require shared governance. Geoethics is proposed as a new reading key to rethinking the Earth as a system of complex relationships, in which the human being is an integral part of natural interactions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 123 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030980443
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Paleontology . ; Geology. ; Paleontology. ; Genetics. ; Forensic archaeology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Paleontology. ; Geology. ; Paleogenetics. ; Forensic Archaeology.
    Description / Table of Contents: The early radiation of sauropodomorphs in the Carnian of South America -- Non-sauropodiform plateosaurians: between biped gracile and robust quadrupedal -- Non-gravisaurian Sauropodiformes of South America: early trends towards gigantism -- Gravisaurian sauropods from the late Early Jurassic from South America and the radiation of Eusauropoda -- Highly specialized diplodocoids: the Rebbachisauridae -- Whiplash tails and spiny backs in southwestern Gondwana: flagellicaudatans from South America -- The rise of non-titanosaur macronarians in South America -- Titanosauria: early diversification and systematics -- Time for giants: titanosaurs from the Aptian-Santonian age -- Last titans: titanosaurs from the Campanian-Maastrichtian age -- Eggs, nests and reproductive biology -- Body size evolution and locomotion in Sauropodomorpha: what the South American record tells us -- South American sauropodomorphs: what their bone histology has revealed to us? -- Sauropod ichnology: overview and new research lines from a South American perspective -- Taphonomy: overview and new perspectives related with the paleobiology of giants.
    Abstract: Sauropodomorpha Huene 1932 is one of the most successful groups of dinosaurs, including the most abundant and diverse herbivorous forms with a worldwide record, extending from the late Triassic to the late Cretaceous. Sauropodomorphs comprise a diverse assemblage of early forms (traditionally called “prosauropods”) and the well-established clade Sauropoda Marsh 1878. Early sauropodomorphs were small to medium sized forms, with long necks and reduced skulls, mostly bipeds and omnivores and were abundant in continental environments in the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic. With more than 150 valid species and a worldwide distribution, Sauropoda includes the dominant herbivorous dinosaurs, from the Middle Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous. Its unique body plan, characterized by gigantic size, graviportal locomotion, long necks and tails, and reduced skulls, made this group an undisputed icon in popular culture since the 19th century. In South America, the sauropodomorph record is particularly rich and abundant, and many species have shed light to understand important milestones in the evolutionary history of this group of dinosaurs. The origin of Sauropodomorpha, the transition to Sauropoda, and the diversification of its most successful evolutionary lineages are largely exemplified by the South American fossil record. In this contribution, we synthetize the diversity of sauropodomorphs from South America, including data on their geographic and stratigraphic provenance, phylogenetics, paleobiology, taphonomy and behaviour, underscoring their significance within the context of sauropodomorph evolution.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 582 p. 82 illus., 63 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030959593
    Series Statement: Springer Earth System Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Mineralogy. ; Archaeology. ; Mass spectroscopy. ; Earth Sciences. ; Mineralogy. ; Archaeology. ; Mass Spectrometry.
    Description / Table of Contents: Internal and external impulses for the development of ancient Chinese metallurgy -- Iron sources and technologies during the Early Iron Age in the Northern Pontic region -- Lead isotope analysis of the Bronze Age metal from the steppe of the Cis- and Trans-Urals -- Metalworking and metallurgical slag in the Tokskoe Late Bronze Age settlement -- Arrowheads from Two Sarmatian Burials of the One Mound: Metal Composition and Shape Relation -- The ancient Bronzes of Bashkiria: findings on the composition of non-ferrous metal obtained at the burial grounds of the Bronze Age -- Mineral Composition of the Ground Material from the Stone Pestles of the Gonur-Depe Administrative and Religious Center (South-Eastern Karakum -- Comparison of the results of studying the alloy composition of coins of the Chersonesos minting during Roman and Byzantine times -- A Crucible with Solidified Substance or an Ore Sample: Experience of the Complex Analysis of a Unique Find of the Chepetskaya Archaeological Culture -- Kazburun archaeological micro-district of the Late Bronze Age and copper ore mines in the Southern Trans-Urals.
    Abstract: This book of Springer Proceedings in Geoarchaeology and Archaeological Mineralogy contains selected papers presented at the 7th Geoarchaeology Conference, which took place during October 19–23, 2020, at the South Urals Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Miass, Russia. The Proceedings combine studies in archeometry, geoarchaeology, and ancient North Eurasian technologies, including paleometallurgy, stone tools investigation, past exploitation of geological resources, bioarchaeology, residue analysis, pottery, and lithics studies. This book also specializes in various non-organic materials, rocks, minerals, ores, and metals, especially copper and metallurgical slags. Many types of research also use modern analytical methods of isotopic, chemical, and mineralogical analysis to address the composition and structure of ancient materials and the technological practices of past human populations of modern Russia, Ukraine, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Mongolia. This book is intended for archaeologists, historians, museum workers, and geologists, as well as students, researchers from other disciplines, and the general public interested in the interdisciplinary research in the field of archaeology and archaeological materials, strategies and techniques of past quarrying, mining, metallurgy and lithic technologies at different chronological periods in Eurasian steppe and adjacent forest zone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 452 p. 144 illus., 123 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030860400
    Series Statement: Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Geology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1 -- Introduction to structural geology -- Chapter2 -- Attitudes of structures -- Chapter3 -- Stress. Chapter4 -- Strain -- Chapter5 -- Estimation of strain -- Chapter6 -- Rheology -- Chapter7 -- Concept of deformation -- Chapter8 -- Folds -- Chapter9 -- Faults -- Chapter10 -- Extensional Regime and Normal faults -- Chapter11 -- Contractional Regime and Thrust faults -- Chapter12 -- Strike-slip faults -- Chapter 13 -- Joints and fractures -- Chapter14 -- Foliation -- Chapter15 -- Lineation -- Chapter16 -- Mechanisms of rock deformation -- Chapter17 -- Shear zones -- Chapter18 -- Shear-sense indicators -- Chapter19.-Deformation and metamorphism -- Chapter20 -- Superposed folds.
    Abstract: This textbook is a complete, up-to-date, and highly illustrated account of Structural Geology for students and professionals, and includes fundamentals of the subject with field and practical aspects. The book aims to be highly reader-friendly, containing simple language and brief introductions and summaries for each topic presented, and can be used both to refresh overall knowledge of the subject as well as to develop models for engineering projects in any area or region. The book is presented in 20 chapters and divided into 3 parts: (A) Fundamental Concepts, (B) Structures: Geometry and Genesis, and (C) Wider Perspectives. For the first time as full chapters in a textbook, the book discusses several modern field-related applications in Structural Geology, including shear-sense indicators, and deformation and metamorphism. Also uniquely included are colored photographs, side by side with line diagrams, of key deformation structures not seen in other books before now. Boxes in each chapter expand the horizons of the reader on the subject matter of the chapter. Questions at the end of each chapter, and detailed significance of the key structures, provide a better grasping to students. Glossary at the end of the book is a refreshing aspect for the readers. Though written primarily for undergraduate and graduate students, the text will also be of use to specialists and practitioners in engineering geology, petrology (igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic), economic geology, groundwater geology, petroleum geology, and geophysics, and will appeal to beginners with no preliminary knowledge of the subject.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 468 p. 608 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030807955
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geomorphology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Geomorphology.
    Description / Table of Contents: The 2020 European Seismic Hazard Model: Milestones and Lessons Learned -- Developments relating to seismic action in the Eurocode 8 of next generation -- Hard as a rock? Reconsidering rock-site seismic response and reference ground motions -- Tomb Raiders of the Lost Accelerogram: A Fresh Look on a Stale Problem -- Mars from the InSight: Seismology beyond Earth -- GMPEs for Romania’s Vrancea intermediate depth seismic source -- Reliability-Based Liquefaction Triggering Assessment Framework: A Unified Approach for SPT-CPT-Vs -- Seismic detection efficiency of a new inexpensive MEMS sensor prototype: Application to micro-seismicity and distant moderate earthquakes.
    Abstract: This book encompasses the most challenging topics in earthquake engineering and seismology aiming at seismic risk reduction and reveals the outstanding progresses made in Europe in the past four years. Earthquakes pose a significant threat to countries around the world. But, equipped with the right knowledge and tools, engineers and seismologists can support policy and decision makers and building officials in creating a safer future for all of us. In this paradigm, the Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (3ECEES) is organized in Bucharest (Romania) in September 2022 by the Romanian Association for Earthquake Engineering, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest and National Institute for Earth Physics. This outstanding scientific event is the third in a series started in 2006 in Geneva, Switzerland and continued in 2014 in Istanbul, Turkey. The papers included in this book are written by the most prominent contemporary European scholars in the two-folded fields of 3ECEES. The Distinguished Nicholas Ambraseys, along with 28 invited lectures providing the best knowledge in the fields of earthquake engineering and seismology, are shared with the general readership of this book. The book is organized in three parts, as follows: (1) Seismicity, engineering seismology and seismic hazard, (2) Seismic risk assessment and mitigation, and (3) Structural earthquake engineering. The 29 contributed papers for this book are shared among these three parts almost equally. Chapter “The Challenge of the Integrated Seismic Strengthening and Environmental Upgrading of Existing Buildings” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 488 p. 244 illus., 201 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031151040
    Series Statement: Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Paleoecology. ; Evolution (Biology). ; Geochemistry. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Paleoecology. ; Evolutionary Biology. ; Geochemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1-Introduction -- Chapter 2-Biogeochemical processes -- Chapter 3-Taphonomy and diagenesis of seeps -- Chapter 4-Biota -- Chapter 5-Seeps around the world -- Chapter 6-Seeps as ecosystems -- Chapter 7-Evolution of seep communities over geological time -- Chapter 8-Cognate communities.
    Abstract: This volume details the function of hydrocarbon seeps, their evolution over time, the most important seep occurrences and the fauna present in ancient hydrocarbon seeps. While several publications exist that cover modern seeps and vents, fossil seeps only constitute a small component of the literature. As such, many geologists, stratigraphers and paleontologists, as well as undergraduates and graduate students, are not very familiar with ancient hydrocarbon seep deposits and their associated fauna. This text is the first to comprehensively discuss the nature of such animal groups and how to recognize them. In addition to summarizing available knowledge on these topics for specialists in the field, this book offers the background needed to be of use to students as well as the wider community of geologists and paleontologists.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 687 p. 129 illus., 71 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031056239
    Series Statement: Topics in Geobiology ; 53
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Role of nonlinear processes in infragravity waves evolution -- On the boundaries of paleostructures of the Ashamba river in the Blue bay near Gelendzhik according to broadband continuous seismic and acoustic profiling and GPS positioning -- Selection of the distribution of sea surface elevations for modeling the reflected pulse of the radio altimeter -- Adapting the method of directional unloading of the formation for low permeable deposits -- Simulation of filtration into a well taking into account of elastoplastic deformation near borehole -- Far Internal Gravity Waves Fields From Radially Symmetric Perturbation.
    Abstract: This book presents short papers of participants of the 7th International Scientific Conference-School for Young Scientists "Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Earth and Environment Processes" (Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics of the Russian Academy of Sciences). The book includes theoretical and experimental studies of processes in the atmosphere, oceans, the lithosphere, and their interaction; environmental issues; problems of human impact on the environment; and methods of geophysical research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 337 p. 162 illus., 96 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030995041
    Series Statement: Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Natural disasters. ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Crustal architecture of the Pyrenees -- 2. Basin analysis: the sedimentary record of orogenic growth and decay -- 3. Cenozoic transformations of the mountain range: evidence from denudation chronology and landforms -- 4. Present-day environments -- 5. Synthesis and overview.
    Abstract: This book provides a synthesis of the physiography and geodynamics of the entire Pyrenean orogen and its foreland basins, providing the "big picture" (structure of the orogen and chronology of its formation, overview of its post-orogenic evolution, and Quaternary and recent landscape history). One part of the book proposes a 6–7 day itinerary across the eastern and east-central Pyrenees, two areas that currently provide the richest, best-documented, and most carefully curated database on the post-orogenic evolution of the mountain belt. The book deals with three complementary topics: (i) geodynamics, i.e. the long-term post-orogenic evolution of the Pyrenees since the declining stages of tectonic collision ca. 30 million years ago, and within the wider reference frame of Iberia, the Western Mediterranean, and the Atlantic margin; (ii) geomorphological processes and landforms that have conspired to shape the eastern part of the French and Spanish Pyrenees in response to base-level and climate-related changes over than same time period; (iii) geoheritage, i.e. educational vignettes of the flagship landscape units and typical geological sections of the study area. Written as a field guide, it is designed to help readers to construct discovery-based itineraries through the region (with options and variants depending on time and physical ability), allowing them to appreciate the key landscape and geoheritage features over the course of 1 week, with potential for much more. This GeoGuide is primarily aimed at confirmed geoscientists from most disciplines in Earth science, at postgraduate students engaged in field studies, and at curiosity-driven, educated amateurs keen to enhance their understanding of spectacular or enigmatic features encountered on their travels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVIII, 619 p. 283 illus., 274 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030842666
    Series Statement: GeoGuide,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Engineering. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Technology and Engineering.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. Early Warning Systems and Their Role in Disaster Risk Reduction -- Chapter3. Connecting warning with decision and action: a partnership of communicators and users -- Chapter4. Connecting Forecast and Warning: a partnership between communicators and scientists -- Chapter5. Connecting Hazard and Impact – a partnership between physical and human science -- Chapter6. Connecting Weather and Hazard – a partnership of physical scientists in connected disciplines -- Chapter7. Predicting the weather – a partnership of observation scientists and forecasters -- Chapter8. Pulling it all together, end-to-end.
    Abstract: This book is about making weather warnings more effective in saving lives, property, infrastructure and livelihoods, but the underlying theme of the book is partnership. The book represents the warning process as a pathway linking observations to weather forecasts to hazard forecasts to socio-economic impact forecasts to warning messages to the protective decision, via a set of five bridges that cross the divides between the relevant organisations and areas of expertise. Each bridge represents the communication, translation and interpretation of information as it passes from one area of expertise to another and ultimately to the decision maker, who may be a professional or a member of the public. The authors explore the partnerships upon which each bridge is built, assess the expertise and skills that each partner brings and the challenges of communication between them, and discuss the structures and methods of working that build effective partnerships. The book is ordered according to the “first mile” paradigm in which the decision maker comes first, and then the production chain through the warning and forecast to the observations is considered second. This approach emphasizes the importance of co-design and co-production throughout the warning process. The book is targeted at professionals and trainee professionals with a role in the warning chain, i.e. in weather services, emergency management agencies, disaster risk reduction agencies, risk management sections of infrastructure agencies. This is an open access book.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 270 p. 49 illus., 45 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030989897
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Philosophy. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water. ; Philosophy. ; Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Governing Sustainability in Urban Ecosystems: Arguments for a Transdisciplinary Framework -- The Dilution of Peri-Urban Socio-Cultural Identity: an Insight into Policies and Strategies in Malaysia and the European Commission -- Integrating Resilience Through Adaptability and Transformability: Ecologically Responsive Design Approach in Case of South-Western Coastal Region of Bangladesh -- The Mexico City New International Airport: A Case Study in Environmentally Sensitive Geometries -- Is Greener Commuting Possible? A Campus Case Study in Schwäbisch Hall as Contribution to Climate Protection -- Economic Feasibility of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) Mode of Transport: A Case for Ahmedabad City, Gujarat -- eveloping Projects for Realizing of the Program “Skopje 2020 Smart Strategy” by Enhancing Citizen Approach, Engineering, Digitalization and Sensing of the City District Toward Smarter Sustainability Urban Potential in the Small Ring of Skopje -- Elderly Behavioural Ergonomic Data for Smart Cities’ Design-User System -- A Novel Method of Trajectory Data Visualization to Analyze the Current Traffic Situation in Smart Cities -- Effective Participation and Sustainable Urban Development: Application of City Development Strategies Approach.
    Abstract: This book aims to establish a community with attention to land use to achieve sustainable development and meet the needs of today’s society. Urban planning depends on engineering, architectural, social and political pillars. It pursues this by proposing solutions, regulating environmental pollution and non-sustainable use of available resources. It showcases and even triggers further debate about connections between sustainable development, urban planning and technology in hopes of achieving sustainable development models that sustain urban expansion and shape cities that improve the overall quality of life. It views urban planning and development as vital fields that ensure the application of revolutionary approaches with new materials and processes incorporated in the most efficient manner.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 328 p. 194 illus., 153 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030864996
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Natural disasters. ; Earth sciences. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Natural Hazards. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Karst collapses and their formations -- Chapter 2. Stormwater runoff modifications and karst collapses -- Chapter 3. Water impoundments and karst collapses -- Chapter 4. Groundwater level changes and karst collapses. Chapter 5. Construction and karst collapses -- Chapter 6. Extreme weather conditions and karst collapses -- Chapter 7. Karst collapse investigations -- Chapter 8. Karst collapse monitoring. .
    Abstract: This book comprehensively documents the various types of karst collapse and related conceptual site models, before discussing these collapses in terms of their impacts on engineering and the environment. Featuring over 200 real-world photos to illustrate the variety of karst collapses and their consequences, the book also provides specific methods and techniques to prevent, investigate, monitor and remediate these collapses. Decades of experience with these collapses make it clear that addressing the related hazards requires a multi-disciplinary approach that integrates geomorphology, engineering geology, hydrology, hydrogeology, biology, geophysics, geochemistry, and risk assessment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 149 p. 135 illus., 121 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030929121
    Series Statement: Advances in Karst Science,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Sustainability. ; Bioethics. ; Earth Sciences. ; Sustainability. ; Bioethics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Glossary of acronyms.-Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. Background of the current situation of geosciences in Peru -- Chapter 3. Georisks and their implications for Peruvian society -- Chapter 4. Geoethics and mining activities -- Chapter 5. Problems of geoethics in the Peruvian paleontological field -- Chapter 6: Peruvian geoheritage -- Chapter 7. Geo-education in Peru -- Chapter 8. Conclusions: future perspectives of geoethics in Peru.
    Abstract: The book discusses geoscience issues in Peru from a geoethical perspective, based on the leading experience of the Peruvian section of the International Association for Promoting Geoethics, in its seven years of activity. The introduction will present past and current activities to promote geoethics in Peru, such as the organization of the MinerLima exhibition (that has teaching purposes); the implementation of geoethics in georisk communication with vulnerable populations, as well as the promotion of adequate knowledge about national geological heritage. The other chapters will describe the main geoethical issues in Peru, related to georisk management and communication, mining, paleontology and geoheritage, geoducation. Some proposals for actions that should be taken to improve societal awareness and to make progress in problem-solving from a geoethical perspective will be discussed for each issue. In the final chapter Peruvian geoescience implications and new roles for geoscientists will be discussed, providing clues to their participation in the management of socio-environmental problems that affect Latin American region. It will be also underlined how geoethics represents a new theoretical and practical approach that may contribute in the current process to modernize geoscience education in Latin America. In this sense, this publication provides a solid base to apply the theoretical framework of Geoethics in Peru that may be suggested as an example to promote geoethics in other Latin American countries. As a result, the need to inform and prepare the population of growing countries such as Peru to face the problems of the modern world is evident. In order to attract more readers in Latin America, each chapter will be provided with a summary in Spanish.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 107 p. 43 illus., 41 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030867317
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Geoethics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Bioclimatology. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Earth Sciences. ; Climate Change Ecology. ; Environmental Social Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Geopolitics, Environmental Change and Antarctic Governance: A Region in Need of a Transformative Approach to Science Diplomacy (Dhanasree Jayaram) -- Chapter 2. Impact of Antarctic Science on Climate Change Research: Global Research landscape (P.G. Dastidar) -- Chapter 3. Climate change over the Antarctic and the Southern Ocean and its impact and bearing on the global climate system (Shabnam Choudhary) -- Chapter 4. Cenozoic Evolution of Antarctic Ice sheet, Circum Antarctic Circulation and Antarctic climate: Evidence from marine sedimentary records (Ashutosh K Singh) -- Chapter 5. Dronning Maud Land (Antarctica) and reconstruction of its glacial history with cosmogenic radionuclides (Waseem Ahmad Baba) -- Chapter 6. Late Quaternary climate change in Schirmacher region, East Antarctica: as revealed from terrestrial diamicts and lacustrine sediments (Prakash Kumar Shrivastava) -- Chapter 7. A review of the palaeoclimatic studies from lake sediments of Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica (Pawan Govil) -- Chapter 8. A synthesis of glacial-interglacial paleoenvironmental records from lake sediments of Schirmacher Oasis, East Antarctica (Anish Kumar Warrier) -- Chapter 9. Nutrient cycling and productivity in Antarctic lakes (Shabnam Choudhary) -- Chapter 10. Chemical and isotopic characterization of lakes in the Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica (Resmi T R) -- Chapter 11. Effect of ionosphere scintillations on the loss of lock-in GPS signals at Antarctica Region (A.K.Gwal) -- Chapter 12. Effect of Ionospheric Scintillation on the Positional Error and Loss of Lock of GPS Signal in Antarctic Region (A.K.Gwal) -- Chapter 13. Climate change and Antarctic seabirds: insights from ecological monitoring of snow petrels in the Indian Antarctic Program (Anant Pande) -- Chapter 14. Antarctic lichen response to climate change: Evidence from natural gradients and temperature enchantment experiments (Sanjeeva Nayaka) -- Chapter 15. Higher Rate of Pigment Synthesis in Antarctic Plants: A Strategy of Survival under UV Radiations (Jaswant Singh) -- Chapter 16. Geoscience studies in Antarctica by CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad (Joshi K Catherine) -- Chapter 17. Seismogenesis and Seismic potential of Antarctica region: Future Course of Comprehensive Study (O P Mishra) -- Chapter 18. Revealing the contemporary kinematics of Antarctic plate using GPS and GRACE data (P.S. Sunil).
    Abstract: The present book covers diversified contributions addressing the impact of climate change on the Antarctic environment. It covers the reconstruction of environmental changes using different proxies. The chapters focus on the glacial history, glacial geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry of Antarctic region. Furthermore, the Cenozoic evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet is discussed along with a Scientometrics analysis of climate change research. The book serves as a useful reference for researchers who are fascinated by the polar region and environmental research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 359 p. 138 illus., 108 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030870782
    Series Statement: Earth and Environmental Sciences Library,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geodynamics. ; Geochemistry. ; Geophysics. ; Geodynamics. ; Geochemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Deep Earth and deep time, big ideas and big egos -- Chapter 2. The accidental geophysicist -- Chapter 3. A propitious time -- Chapter 4. Water, heat, time, mountains -- Chapter 5. Yielding rocks -- Chapter 6. Vagrant continents -- Chapter 7. Like nothing we’ve seen before -- Chapter 8. Novel ideas: plates and plumes -- Chapter 9. But what is the driving mechanism? -- Chapter 10. Chemistry and egos muscle in -- Chapter 11. Making it a science? -- Chapter 12. Some clarity: two convection modes, interacting -- Chapter 13. Earth’s lessons: humility, power and science -- Chapter 14. Some chemical clarifying -- Chapter 15. Too noble? -- Chapter 16. Perspective; Imperfect but better than shouting.
    Abstract: Plate tectonics can drift continents and push up mountains, but what drives the plates? This is an insider’s account of how we answered questions posed over two centuries ago, and completed geology’s quest for a driving mechanism. Forging through confusing evidence, apparent contradictions and raging debates we arrived at not one but two mechanisms: sinking plates and rising plumes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: V, 202 p. 63 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030913595
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Economic geography. ; Geography. ; Popular Culture. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Human geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Economic Geography. ; Regional Geography. ; Popular Culture. ; Environmental Social Sciences. ; Human Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction (Matthias Finger and Gunnar Rekvig) -- Part I: Evolving images and perceptions -- Chapter 2. Indigenous peoples of the Circumpolar North (Yvon Csonka) -- Chapter 3. Arctic cities – pioneers of industrialization: More than “mining towns” (Nadezhda Zamyatina) -- Chapter 4. Arctic as a new strategic region in the Soviet Union in the 1920s–1930s and transformation of the Arctic science (Alexander Saburov) -- Chapter 5. Norway in the Cold War – a contemporary case for today (Lars Saunes) -- Chapter 6. The Post-Cold War Arctic (Lassi Heininen) -- Chapter 7. The Arctic as the last frontier: tourism (Edward H. Huijbens) -- Chapter 8. A Primary Node of the Global Economy: China and the Arctic (Liisa Kauppila) -- Part II: Geography, environment, and climate -- Chapter 9. Climate effects of other pollutants – Short-Lived Climate Forcers and the Arctic (Kaarle Kupiainen, Mark Flanner and Sabine Eckhardt) -- Chapter 10. Permafrost and climate feedbacks (Benjamin W. Abbott) -- Chapter 11. Impacts of global warming on Arctic biota (Mathilde Le Moullec and Morgan Lizabeth Bender) -- Chapter 12. Pollution and monitoring in the Arctic (Tatiana Sorokina) -- Part III: Economics and geopolitics -- Chapter 13. The quest for the ultimate resources: oil, gas, and coal (Andrey Krivorotov) -- Chapter 14. Arctic fisheries in a changing climate (Franz Mueter) -- Chapter 15. Infrastructure projects in the global Arctic (Alexander Pelyasov) -- Chapter 16. New trade routes (Mariia Kobzeva) -- Chapter 17. The Arctic and unsustainable Development (Matthias Finger) -- Part IV: Governance -- Chapter 18. Between Resource Frontier and Self-Determination: Colonial and Postcolonial Developments in the Arctic (Peter Schweitzer) -- Chapter 19. Understanding Cold War Trust-Building Between Norway and the Soviet Union (Gunnar Rekvig) -- Chapter 20. Regional Governance: The Case of the Barents Region (Florian Vidal) -- Chapter 21. The Arctic Council at 25: Incremental building of a more ambitious inter-governmental forum (Timo Koivurova and Malgorzata Smieszek) -- Chapter 22. The European Union and Arctic Security Governance (Andreas Raspotnik) -- Chapter 23. Global Conventions and Regional Cooperation: The Multifaceted Dynamics of Arctic Governance (Cécile Pélaudeix and Christoph Humrich) -- Chapter 24. Arctic Order(s) under Sino-American bi-polarity (Rasmus Bertelsen) -- Index.
    Abstract: The Arctic has become a global arena. This development can only be comprehensively understood from a transdisciplinary perspective encompassing ecological, cultural, societal, economic, industrial, geopolitical, and security considerations. This book offers thorough explanations of Arctic developments and challenges. Global warming is in large part the driving force behind the transformation of the Arctic by making access possible to the areas previously out of reach for mining and shipping. An all-year ice-free Arctic Ocean, a reality possible as soon as perhaps 2030, creates a new dynamic in the North. The retreating ice edge enables the exploitation of previously inaccessible resources such as hydrocarbon deposits and rare metals, as well as the shortest sea route from Asia to Europe. Consequently, the Northern Sea Route (NSR) promises faster and cheaper shipping. Russia, along side foreign investment, especially from China, is financing the needed infrastructure. A warming Arctic, however, also has negative impacts. The Arctic is home to fragile ecosystems that are already showing signs of deteriorating. The Arctic has seen unprecedented wildfires, which, together with the release of trapped methane from the disappearing permafrost, will, in turn, accelerate global warming. A warmer Arctic Ocean will also negatively impact fisheries. Couple this with other global changes, such as ocean acidification and modified ocean currents, and the global outlook is bleak. Additionally, the security situation in the Arctic is worsening. After the 2014 Ukraine crisis, the West imposed sanctions on the Russian Federation, which have revived the divisions of the Cold War. The reemergence of these postures is threatening the highly successful Barents Cooperation and other initiatives for peace in the circumpolar North. This book offers new insights and presents arguments for how to mitigate the challenges the Arctic is facing today.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 486 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030812539
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water. ; Physical Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Geological Contest of Sicily -- Geomorphological Aspects -- General Hydrogeological Note -- Karst Features -- Lava caves -- Karst geosites -- Speleology in Sicily -- Acknowledgments -- Bibliography.
    Abstract: This book describes Sicily’s unique and varied karst features, discussing the notable geographical areas, their lithology and genesis and, in a number of cases, their value as geosites to be preserved for scientific or tourism purposes. The rich variety of Meso-Cenozoic outcropping rocks in Sicily make the island highly significant in terms of the geological history of the Mediterranean area. The soluble rocks (limestones and gypsum), widely present on the island, play an important role in shaping and continuously altering the landscape, both in the reliefs with spectacular fluviokarst cayons and suggestive gorges, and below ground where there is a wide range of speleogenically and speleologically important caves.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 474 p. 900 illus., 866 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031074066
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 46
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Oceanography. ; Geology. ; Environment. ; Atmospheric science. ; Pollution. ; Earth Sciences. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Geology. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Pollution.
    Description / Table of Contents: Climate Networks -- Assessment of temperature trends in different bioclimatic zones of India -- Statistical analysis of wind to assess climate change (central Italy) -- Impact of estimated wind speed to temperature-based ET0 methods -- The remote response of Northern Hemisphere atmosphere circulation to ENSO in a changing climate -- Interannual variability of Mediterranean evaporation and its drivers during summer -- The study of low frequency sea-level oscillations: Case of Algiers harbour (Algeria) -- Modeling interactions among West Atlantic hurricanes through Empirical Recurrence Rates Ratio inspired hidden Markov chains -- Performance evaluation of a new source term package ST6 of Wavewatch III in Catalan coasts (Spain) -- Enhanced methane emission from Arctic seas in winter: satellite data.
    Abstract: This edited book gives a general overview on current research, focusing on geoenvironmental issues and challenges in hydrogeosciences in model regions in Asia, Europe, and America, with a focus on the Middle East and Mediterranean region and surrounding areas. This proceedings book is based on the accepted papers for oral/poster presentations at the 2nd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-2), Tunisia 2019. It offers a broad range of recent studies that discuss the latest advances in geoenvironmental and hydrogeosciences from diverse backgrounds including climate change, geoecology, biogeochemistry, water resources management, and environmental monitoring and assessment. It shares insights on how the understanding of ecological, climatological, oceanic and hydrological processes is the key for improving practices in environment management, including the eco-responsibility, scientific integrity, and social and ethical dimensions. It is of interest to scientists, engineers, practitioners, and policymakers in the field of environmental sciences including climatology, oceanography, ecology, biogeochemistry, environmental management, hydrology, hydrogeology, and geosciences in general. In particular, this book is of great value to students and environment-related professionals for further investigations on the state of Earth systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXXIV, 635 p. 326 illus., 288 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030725433
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Sedimentology. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Geochemistry. ; Engineering geology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Sedimentology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geology. ; Geochemistry. ; Geoengineering.
    Description / Table of Contents: Cosmogenic surface exposure dating applications from Turkey: moraines, alluvial fans, fluvial terraces, lava flows and incision rates -- Tectonic Geomorphology and Paleoseismology of the Muğla-Yatağan Fault (Southwest Turkey) -- Slip rate estimation of the North Anatolian Fault using geomorphology and paleoclimate chronology: The Ganos Fault, Turkey -- Energy relief analysis of the northern Marche-Romagna region, northern Apennine, central Italy -- Evaluation of Electromagnetic Induction method to map soil salinity in semi-arid Tunisia -- Comparison of organic carbon stock of Regosols under two different climates in Tunisia -- Evolution of organic carbon stocks in a Vertisol after three years of no-tillage practice in northern Tunisia -- Spectral characteristics of soil types in northwestern Jordan: consideration of iron oxides effects and colors -- Wind-eroded sediment in southern Hungary, with special reference to the content of toxic elements -- Time-Scale Variations of organic carbon in Paddy Soils: Sanjiang Plain, China.
    Abstract: This edited book is based on the papers accepted for presentation during the 2nd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-2), Tunisia, in 2019. Major subjects treated in the book include geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry. The book presents an updated unique view in conjugating field studies and modeling to better quantify the process-product binomial unusual in geosciences. In the geomorphology section, 24 papers deal with topics related to fault slip and incision rates, soil science, landslides and debris flows, coastal processes, and geoarcheology, and geoheritage. Under the sedimentology section, 34 papers including stratigraphy, and environmental, tectonic, and diagenetic processes, together with evolutionary, biostratigraphic, and paleo-environmental significance of paleontology are presented. Additionally, this section also contains papers on marine geosciences, from molecular proxies related to climate to geophysical surveys. Last but not least, the third section on geochemistry is composed of 26 papers that are focused on sedimentary geochemistry and mineralogical characterization, magmatic and metamorphic processes and products, and the origin and exploration of mineral deposits. This book resumes the current situation related to the abovementioned topics mainly in the Mediterranean realm. The volume book is of interest to all researchers, practitioners, and students in the fields of geomorphology, sedimentology, and geochemistry, as well as those engaged in environmental geosciences, soil science, stratigraphy and paleontology, geoarcheology and geoheritage, marine geosciences, petrology, metallogenesis, and mineral deposits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 395 p. 259 illus., 226 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030725471
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Environment. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Engineering geology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Environmental Social Sciences. ; Geoengineering.
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of Language on the Built Environment: The Forgotten Vernacular of Traditional Indian Architecture -- Characterization of Earthen Building Materials in Gölcük Vernacular Houses -- Conservation of Gravitational Architecture -- Luxor Temple as a Reactivated Holy Site. Sacred Architecture Between Cosmology and Authority -- Partnerships for Sustainable Tourism Development in The Cultural Heritage Sites -- The Inner Courtyard as an Important Element in Architectural Heritage and Interior Spaces -- Save the Troglodytic Heritage of Beni Zelten -- Metrology in Egyptian Architecture of the XVIII Dynasty, in Thebes -- Practices, Problems and Methods of Architectural Herit-age Investigation: Jan Borowski Works in Vilnius Region (1925–1945) -- Conserving Symbolism in Architectural Heritage – Case Study Eloquence in Depicting Philosophical Ideas Inspired by the Principles of Islam on Islamic Architecture through Ages -- Cultural and Architectural Heritage Values of the Qift - Quseir “Myos Hormos” Road.
    Abstract: This book focuses on the management and conservation of architectural heritage with the aim of increasing awareness about the value of such conservation and of saving what is left of history, which in turn rewards societies by supporting the tourism industry, generating economic return, and preserving communities’ identities. Since it has become an essential need to manage and conserve the architectural heritage in order to protect the identity and heritage of a city, there appeared a gap between the theory and its application. Therefore, a considerable amount of attention has been directed by experts in this field toward emphasizing the contribution of heritage conservation in order to inspire the development of imaginative, useful high-quality design.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 527 p. 572 illus., 461 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030744823
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Environment. ; Architecture. ; Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Cities, Countries, Regions. ; Architecture. ; Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Tactical Urbanism for Improving Livability in Lost Spaces of Cairo -- Feminist Non-Functional Empowerment in Urban Spaces: An Empirical Study on New-Cairo, Egypt -- The Main Indicators Affecting Interactive Experience Design in Contemporary Urban Spaces Using Media Interventions -- Modern, Environmentally Friendly Electric Transport as a Step toward Improving City Welfare -- Towards Greener Neighborhoods: A case study for street renovating solutions in Cairo -- Social Housing Design: A Guideline for Enhancing Dwellers' Livelihood in Egypt through Socio-Cultural Aspects -- Futuristic Interior Design Concept through the Evolution of Biotechnology: Towards a New Model of Bio-Sustainable Space -- Water as an element of architectural space design Study the psychological impact of water on the occupants of the space -- Orientalism and Islamic Architecture -- Enhancing the Efficiency of Natural Ventilation Systems by Biomimicry Approach to Achieve Sustainability in Designing Office Buildings.
    Abstract: This book examines a range of subjects with a specific focus on architectural and technological advancements. Architecture is the constant innovation in designing for high efficiency in the performance of buildings, in terms of planning, construction and energy, while maintaining creativity in its form. Moreover, the field of architecture goes hand in hand with that of technology. Nowadays, engineering technology has to cope with the rapid industrialization and urbanization seen in most countries. Furthermore, creative design and construction practices are challenging tasks to the architects and engineers to meet the ever-growing demands of society. Therefore, this book on "Advances in Engineering Science and Architectural Design" is provided to cover a wide range of topics in architecture, engineering, and technology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 297 p. 376 illus., 364 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030869137
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Natural disasters. ; Geochemistry. ; Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geochemistry. ; Earth and Environmental Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Tsunami hazard along the Eastern African coast from mega-earthquake sources in the Indian Ocean -- Preliminary tsunami hazard map of Africa -- The AD 365 Crete earthquake/tsunami impact in the Mediterranean region -- The AD 365 Alexandria (Egypt) tsunami revisited -- Seismotectonics of the Easternmost Cyprus Arc: Implications for Tsunami Hazard Assessment -- Seismic Hazard and Risk in Africa, a hidden hazard in an extreme vulnerable context -- Seismotectonics of the Khurutse Region, Botswana -- Kinematic and elastic modelling of fault-related-folds:‎ A study from active structures of the Tell Atlas ‎(Northern Algeria)‎ -- Magmatic rifting and seismicity in Afar and northern Main Ethiopian Rift -- Architecture and evolution of the Kivu rift within the western branch of the East African rift system: Implications for seismic hazard assessment.
    Abstract: This edited book is based on the best papers accepted for presentation during the 2nd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-2), Tunisia, in 2019. It is of interest to all researchers practicing geophysics/seismology, structural, and petroleum geology. With four sections spanning a large spectrum of geological and geophysical topics with particular reference to Middle East, Mediterranean region, and Africa, this book presents a series of research methods that are nowadays in use for measuring, quantifying, and analyzing several geological domains. It starts with a subsection dedicated to the latest research studies on seismic hazard and risk assessment in Africa presented during the 2019 IGCP-659 meeting organized alongside the CAJG-2. And, it includes new research studies on earthquake geodesy, seismotectonics, archeoseismology and active faulting, well logging methods, geodesy and exploration/theoretical geophysics, petroleum geochemistry, petroleum engineering, structural geology, basement architecture and potential data, tectonics and geodynamics, and thermicity, petroleum, and other georesources. The edited book gives insights into the fundamental questions that address the genesis and evolution of our planet, and this is based on data collection and experimental investigations under physical constitutive laws. These multidisciplinary approaches combined with the geodynamics of tectonic provinces and investigations of potential zones of natural resources (petroleum reservoirs) provide the basis for a more sustainability in the economic development. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXXV, 671 p. 431 illus., 401 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030730260
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Environmental sciences. ; Physics. ; History. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Environmental Physics. ; History.
    Description / Table of Contents: Some introductory notions -- The poetry and philosophy of the beginnings -- The first attempts of observing the magnetic declination -- Ancient declination maps -- Long-series of declination observations -- Geomagnetic vector field: from ground to satellite measurements -- Magnetic information frozen in the archeological vestiges and rocks -- Maps of magnetic declination over the last centuries -- Spatial evolution: Westward drift -- Temporal evolution: geomagnetic jerks -- Geomagnetic and magnetic poles -- Next interest in magnetic declination.
    Abstract: This book aims then to describe in a comprehensible way efforts made over centuries of measuring and understanding the magnetic declination. The book also highlights some important characteristics of the Earth’s magnetic field thanks to the declination measurements. Some applications and societal implications are also underlined. Anyone living in the 21st century knows the best way to navigate is by using a smartphone App. Decades and centuries ago, in order to find the same way a magnificent instrument was used: the compass. Despite many being aware of the compass, not everyone appreciates that throughout the ages of exploration, sailors and explorers linked their lives and great discoveries to the magnetic needle. Furthermore, is there an awareness of the Earth’s physical mechanism behind the changes in time and space of the direction indicated by the compass? The magnetic declination is at the center of this book and it helps the reader to understand how to navigate in time and space. The book provides the history of the compass and magnetic declination leading the reader to the understanding of our magnetic planet. This book is designed for those who are fascinated by the long history of geomagnetism. This book relies on reader’s knowledge of elementary scientific concepts, and introduces the geomagnetism concepts as they evaluated in time. The focus is on some basic concepts and physical processes in order to understand the evolution of a specific element of the geomagnetic field, the declination. The primary audience may have just started an interest in the geomagnetism and history of science, as students and researchers. Some readers may have an interest that only touches the geomagnetism, as navigators, geophysicists, historians. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 116 p. 57 illus., 46 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031094767
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Geographic information systems. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Data Analysis in the Earth Sciences -- Introduction to Python -- Univariate Statistics -- Bivariate Statistics -- Time Series Analysis -- Signal Processing -- Spatial Data -- Image Processing -- Multivariate Statistics -- Directional Data.
    Abstract: Python is used in a wide range of geoscientific applications, such as in processing images for remote sensing, in generating and processing digital elevation models, and in analyzing time series. This book introduces methods of data analysis in the geosciences using Python that include basic statistics for univariate, bivariate, and multivariate data sets, time series analysis, and signal processing; the analysis of spatial and directional data; and image analysis. The text includes numerous examples that demonstrate how Python can be used on data sets from the earth sciences. The supplementary electronic material (available online through Springer Link) contains the example data as well as recipes that include all the Python commands featured in the book. The Author Martin H. Trauth studied geophysics and geology at the University of Karlsruhe. He obtained a doctoral degree from the University of Kiel in 1995 and subsequently became a permanent member of the scientific staff at the University of Potsdam. Following his habilitation in 2003, he became a lecturer, and in 2011, he was granted a titular professorship at the University of Potsdam. Since 1990, Martin H. Trauth has worked on various aspects of past changes in the climates of eastern Africa and South America. His projects have aimed to provide a better understanding of (1) the role that the tropics play in terminating ice ages, (2) the relationship between climatic changes and human evolution, and (3) the influence that climate anomalies have had on mass movements in the central Andes. Each of these projects has involved numerical and statistical methods (e.g., time series analysis and signal processing) with paleoclimate time series, lake balance modeling, stochastic modeling of bioturbation, age-depth modeling of sedimentary sequences, or satellite- and microscopic image processing. Martin H. Trauth has taught a variety of courses on data analysis in the earth sciences for more than 25 years both at the University of Potsdam and at other universities around the world.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 453 p. 200 illus., 110 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031077197
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Artificial intelligence Data processing. ; Statistics . ; Mathematics. ; Earth Sciences. ; Data Science. ; Statistics. ; Mathematics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Data Science and Earth System Science -- The Digital Earth project: focus and agenda -- Data analysis and exploration with visual approaches -- Data analysis and exploration with computational approaches -- Data analysis and exploration with scientific workflows -- The Digital Earth SMART monitoring concept and tools -- Interdisciplinary collaboration -- Evaluating the success of the Digital Earth project -- Lessons learned in the Digital Earth project.
    Abstract: This open access book presents the results of three years collaboration between earth scientists and data scientist, in developing and applying data science methods for scientific discovery. The book will be highly beneficial for other researchers at senior and graduate level, interested in applying visual data exploration, computational approaches and scientifc workflows.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 148 p. 47 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030995461
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Earth System Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Statistics . ; Sampling (Statistics). ; Earth System Sciences. ; Applied Statistics. ; Methodology of Data Collection and Processing. ; Bayesian Inference.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Part I Mathematical Formulation: Problem formulation -- Maximum a posteriori solution -- Strong-constraint 4DVar -- Weak constraint 4DVar -- Kalman filters and 3DVar -- Randomized-maximum-likelihood sampling -- Low-rank ensemble methods -- Fully nonlinear data assimilation -- Localization and inflation -- Methods’ summary -- Part II Examples and Applications: A Kalman filter with the Roessler model -- Linear EnKF update -- EnKF for an advection equation -- EnKF with the Lorenz equations -- 3Dvar and SC-4DVar for the Lorenz 63 model -- Representer method with an Ekman-flow model -- Comparison of methods on a scalar model -- Particle filter for seismic-cycle estimation -- Particle flow for a quasi-geostrophic model -- EnRML for history matching petroleum models -- ESMDA with a SARS-COV-2 pandemic model -- Final summary -- References -- Index. .
    Abstract: This open-access textbook's significant contribution is the unified derivation of data-assimilation techniques from a common fundamental and optimal starting point, namely Bayes' theorem. Unique for this book is the "top-down" derivation of the assimilation methods. It starts from Bayes theorem and gradually introduces the assumptions and approximations needed to arrive at today's popular data-assimilation methods. This strategy is the opposite of most textbooks and reviews on data assimilation that typically take a bottom-up approach to derive a particular assimilation method. E.g., the derivation of the Kalman Filter from control theory and the derivation of the ensemble Kalman Filter as a low-rank approximation of the standard Kalman Filter. The bottom-up approach derives the assimilation methods from different mathematical principles, making it difficult to compare them. Thus, it is unclear which assumptions are made to derive an assimilation method and sometimes even which problem it aspires to solve. The book's top-down approach allows categorizing data-assimilation methods based on the approximations used. This approach enables the user to choose the most suitable method for a particular problem or application. Have you ever wondered about the difference between the ensemble 4DVar and the "ensemble randomized likelihood" (EnRML) methods? Do you know the differences between the ensemble smoother and the ensemble-Kalman smoother? Would you like to understand how a particle flow is related to a particle filter? In this book, we will provide clear answers to several such questions. The book provides the basis for an advanced course in data assimilation. It focuses on the unified derivation of the methods and illustrates their properties on multiple examples. It is suitable for graduate students, post-docs, scientists, and practitioners working in data assimilation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIX, 245 p. 63 illus., 62 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030967093
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Pollution. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water. ; Pollution.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- 1. Environmental Flows and Their Assessment -- 2. Story of the Ganga River: Its Pollution and Rejuvenation -- Ganges Groundwater Interaction at Varanasi -- 4. Microbial Water Quality Assessment in River Ganga (Bihar) -- 5. Vulnerability and Resilience Status of River Systems of North-Eastern India: A Special Reference to Brahmaputra -- 6. Flood Hazard of the Brahmaputra River in Assam: Current Mitigation Approaches, Challenges and Sustainable Solution Options -- 7. Integrated Simulation of Surfacewater-Groundwater (SW-GW) Interactions Using SWAT-MODFLOW (Case study: Shiraz Basin, Iran) -- 8. Effect of Changing Climate on the Water Resources of Upper Jhelum Basin (UJB), India -- 9. Geogenic and Anthropogenic Impacts on the Water Quality of Cauvery River -- 10. Fluvio-dynamics and Groundwater System in the Narmada River Basin, India -- 11. Groundwater Resources in Punjab and Bist-Doab Area: An Appraisal and Overview -- 12. Environmental Flow Impacts on Water Quality of Peninsular River System: Tunga-Bhadra River, India -- 13. Relationships First: Introducing Phenomenological Research Methodology in Hydrosocial Scholarship -- 14. Socio-hydrology: A Holistic Approach to Water-Human Nexus in Large Riverine Islands of India, Bangladesh and Vietnam -- 15. Interlinking of Indian Rivers: Floated Myths, Flouted Realities -- 16. Dynamics of Transboundary River Conflicts vis-à-vis Nature Based Negotiated Approach (NBNA) Solution: Case Study River Teesta -- 17. A Deep Ecological Exploration of Indian River Systems: Review of Its Cultural Landscape and Triveni Sangam Case -- 18. Evolution of Water Management Practices in India -- 19. Implications of Geodynamics on Extinction of Vedic River Sarasvati -- 20. Evaluating Groundwater Sources and Dynamics along the Paleochannel Network of Northwest India Using Isotope Tracers -- 21. Delineation of Two Ancient Rivers (Chandrabhaga in Konark and Saradha in Puri, Odisha): A Multi-disciplinary Approach -- 22. Changing River Courses in Bengal (1780 to 2020) -- 23. Investigating the Evolution of Architectural Elements and Patterns of New-urbanism along Ganga: A Case of Varanasi -- Index.
    Abstract: This book provides a unique opportunity to integrate the knowledge on regional-scale riverine reviews to local-scale case-studies, ranging from availability to pollution, national-level river management to transboundary governance. It is an unparalleled attempt to build the bridge between the science of rivers and its history and socio-politics, thus articulating the due credence of rivers from ancient civilizations to modern human societies. The chapters in this book are organized by the sub-sections of i) Hydrology, ii) Hydrosocial and iii) Hydro-heritage, thus providing a unique knowledge on the river studies for historians, scientists, planners, social scientists and policymakers, and are written by leading experts and researchers from across the globe.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 445 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030870676
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geographic information systems. ; Cartography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Cartography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Slope instability mechanisms in karst rocks and their impact on sustainable development, Egypt -- Application of a new generalized method to assess alert thresholds for landslides -- Geological, Hydrological and Geotechnical Characterization of Landslides in the Mila Basin (Northeast Algeria) -- Analysis of the causes of landslide in the village Podi, Montenegro -- Seismic internal stability of reinforced earth retaining walls in saturated soils -- Parametric optimization study of landslides using statistical tools In The Region Of Souk Ahras (Algeria) -- GIS-based mapping of geotechnical properties of residual soil in Kibawe, Bukidnon, Philippines: Implications to slope stability -- Reliability analysis to locate the propagation failure direction in case of slopes progressive failure -- Assessment and stabilization of natural hazards by a reinforcement system -- Effect of sewage sludge ash on collapsible soil.
    Abstract: This book contains the best peer-reviewed papers accepted for presentation at the 2nd Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences (CAJG-2), organized in Sousse, Tunisia, in November 2019. The short papers cover various topics from the fields of (1) geological and geotechnical engineering, (2) geomechanical studies based on numerical and analytical methods, and (3) geo-informatics and remote sensing. The content of these papers provides new scientific knowledge for further understanding on landslides, new stabilization techniques, importance of geophysics for engineering geology investigations as well as new empirical approaches for easily predicting some physical and hydrogeomechanical properties of geomaterials. The book is of interest to all researchers, practitioners, and students in the fields of geological and mining engineering, geotechnical engineering, hydrogeomechanics, engineering geology, geotechnologies, and natural hazards.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVIII, 403 p. 252 illus., 220 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030728960
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Planetary science. ; Geomorphology. ; Geophysics. ; Planetary Science. ; Geomorphology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Notes to Theory and Data -- Gravity field of the Moon -- Magnetic field of the Moon -- Surface topography of the Moon -- Geology and geomorphology of the Moon – a necessary introduction -- Geophysics of the Moon – a necessary introduction -- Atlas of the Moon -- Limits and possibilities of interpretation.
    Abstract: This book presents gravity aspects (gravity disturbance, Marussi tensor, two gravity invariants, their certain ratio, the strike angles, and the virtual deformations) which are computed and evaluated for the Moon, using the recent static global gravity field model (GRGM1200A) to degree and order of 600 in spherical harmonic expansion. The magnetic anomaly model and surface topography (from the LOLA mission) are added. Results are shown for the whole Moon, for its segments around the Moon and as zooms for selected impact craters, maria and catenae; they are shortly interpreted and opened for further selenologic applications. The book contains information about the geology of the Moon, together with basic information about the magnetic field, mapping and topography models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 263 p. 306 illus., 303 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783031088674
    Series Statement: Springer Geophysics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Computer simulation. ; Statistics . ; Earth System Sciences. ; Computer Modelling. ; Applied Statistics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I Python for Geologists, a kick-off -- Setting Up Your Python Environment, Easily -- Python Essentials for a Geologist -- Start Solving Geological Problems Using Python -- Part II Describing Geological Data -- Graphical Visualization of a Geological Dataset -- Descriptive Statistics -- Part III Integrals and Differential Equations in Geology -- Numerical Integration -- Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE) -- Partial Differential Equations (PDE) -- Part IV Probability Density Functions and Error Analysis -- Probability Density Functions and their Use in Geology -- Error Analysis -- Part V Robust Statistics and Machine Learning -- Introduction to Robust Statistics -- 12. Machine Learning.
    Abstract: This textbook introduces the use of Python programming for exploring and modelling data in the field of Earth Sciences. It drives the reader from his very first steps with Python, like setting up the environment and starting writing the first lines of codes, to proficient use in visualizing, analyzing, and modelling data in the field of Earth Science. Each chapter contains explicative examples of code, and each script is commented in detail. The book is minded for very beginners in Python programming, and it can be used in teaching courses at master or PhD levels. Also, Early careers and experienced researchers who would like to start learning Python programming for the solution of geological problems will benefit the reading of the book.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 229 p. 112 illus., 104 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030780555
    Series Statement: Springer Textbooks in Earth Sciences, Geography and Environment,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Natural disasters. ; Geomorphology. ; Geophysics. ; Natural Hazards. ; Geomorphology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Volcanic Debris Avalanches: An Introduction -- A Historical Perspective on Lateral Collapses and Volcanic Debris Avalanches -- Terminology and Strategy to Describe Large Volcanic Landslides and Debris Avalanches -- Distribution and Geometric Parameters of Volcanic Debris Avalanche Deposits -- Factors Contributing to Volcano Lateral Collapse -- Climatic Influence on Volcanic Landslides -- Volcanic Debris Avalanche Transport and Emplacement Mechanisms -- Sedimentology of Volcanic Debris Avalanche Deposits -- Volcanic debris-avalanche deposits in the context of volcaniclastic ring-plain successions –A case study from Mt. Taranaki.
    Abstract: This book presents an overview of volcanic debris avalanche deposits, which are produced by partial volcanic edifice collapse, a catastrophic natural phenomenon. It has been 40 years since the volcanic debris avalanche associated with the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, and our understanding of these events has grown considerably in the interim. Drawing on these advances, the book addresses all aspects of volcanic debris avalanches. Though previously overlooked in field-based geological and volcanological studies, these deposits are now known to be associated with most volcanoes and volcanic areas around the world. The book presents state-of-the-art ideas on the triggering and emplacement mechanisms of these events, supported by field and analogue studies, as well as new simulations tools and models used to determine their physical characteristic and hazards.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 358 p. 122 illus., 105 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030574116
    Series Statement: Advances in Volcanology, An Official Book Series of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Statistics . ; Climatology. ; Geophysics. ; Statistics in Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences. ; Climate Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1 - Introduction -- Chapter 2 - Basics of Scalar Random Processes -- Chapter 3 - Time and Frequency Domain Models of Scalar Time Series -- Chapter 4 - Practical Analysis of Time Series.-Chapter 5 - Stochastic models and spectra of climatic and related time series -- Chapter 6 - Statistical Forecasting of Geophysical Processes -- Chapter 7 - Bivariate Time Series Analysis -- Chapter 8 - Teleconnection Research and Bivariate Extrapolation -- Chapter 9 - Reconstruction of Time Series -- Chapter 10 - Frequency domain structure and feedbacks in QBO time series -- Chapter 11- Verification of General Circulation Models -- Chapter 12 - Applications to proxy data -- Chapter 13 - Application to Sunspot Numbers and Total Solar Irradiance -- Chapter 14 - Multivariate time and frequency domain analysis -- Chapter 15 - Summary and Recommendations.
    Abstract: This book gives the reader the basic knowledge of the theory of random processes necessary for applying to study climatic time series. It contains many examples in different areas of time series analysis such as autoregressive modelling and spectral analysis, linear extrapolation, simulation, causality, relations between scalar components of multivariate time series, and reconstructions of climate data. As an important feature, the book contains many practical examples and recommendations about how to deal and how not to deal with applied problems of time series analysis in climatology or any other science where the time series are short.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 245 p. 117 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030580551
    Series Statement: Progress in Geophysics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Computational intelligence. ; Computer simulation. ; Data mining. ; Mathematical physics. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Computational Intelligence. ; Computer Modelling. ; Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. ; Mathematical Physics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Environmental engineering applications related to flow and transport in the subsurface -- Mathematical/numerical solution methods: An overview -- Numerical simulation: Implementation, data processing, software concepts -- The science-policy interface in subsurface environmental modelling -- Challenging subsurface modelling and policy-making -- Conclusions.
    Abstract: This book provides a broad overview of essential features of subsurface environmental modelling at the science-policy interface, offering insights into the potential challenges in the field of subsurface flow and transport, as well as the corresponding computational modelling and its impact on the area of policy- and decision-making. The book is divided into two parts: Part I presents models, methods and software at the science-policy interface. Building on this, Part II illustrates the specifications using detailed case studies of subsurface environmental modelling. It also includes a systematic research overview and discusses the anthropogenic use of the subsurface, with a particular focus on energy-related technologies, such as carbon sequestration, geothermal technologies, fluid and energy storage, nuclear waste disposal, and unconventional oil and gas recovery.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 219 p. 40 illus., 31 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030511784
    Series Statement: Advances in Geophysical and Environmental Mechanics and Mathematics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geophysics. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geophysics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Free oscillations of a string -- Free oscillations of the Earth -- Formulations and solutions of the fundamental wave equation of nature. .
    Abstract: This book presents the formulations and solutions of the wave equation for the Earth’s free oscillations concerning the particular nodal, bifurcation, perspectival, and projective reference points within the framework of the three “great geometries” of Euclid, Lobachevsky, and Riemann. When studying the relationship between the propagation velocity of various types of bulk and surface seismic waves with radial, spheroidal, and torsional eigen oscillations of the Earth having corresponding periods, we are struck by the fundamental problem of obtaining reference points that allow physical meaning to be attributed to all these discrete oscillatory and continuous wave phenomena that occur in nature. Several unsuccessful attempts tried to unify the relationship of discrete oscillations and the velocity of waves and light occurring in seismology and other phenomena associated with gravity and matter, using a three-dimensional visual space-time model continuous Euclidean space. Using simple and illustrative examples for describing the free oscillations of the Earth and taking into account new visible event horizons related to the velocity of waves and light propagation, the author formulated and solved the fundamental wave equation of nature in the form of the three “great theorems”: Galilean, Lorentz, and Poincaré spatiotemporal transformations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 106 p. 75 illus., 65 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030675172
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Geology. ; Natural disasters. ; Geophysics. ; Water. ; Geology. ; Natural Hazards.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- Groundwater flow and transport -- Hydro-mechanical coupling -- Earthquakes influenced by water -- Response to tides, barometric pressure and seismic waves -- Groundwater Level -- Stream Flow -- Groundwater Temperature -- Groundwater and Stream Composition -- Geysers -- Liquefaction -- Mud Volcanoes -- Hydrologic precursors -- Epilogue.
    Abstract: This open access book explores the interactions between water and earthquakes, including recent concerns about induced seismicity. It further highlights that a better understanding of the response of the water system to disturbances such as earthquakes is needed to safeguard water resources, to shield underground waste repositories, and to mitigate groundwater contamination. Although the effects of earthquakes on streams and groundwater have been reported for thousands of years, this field has only blossomed into an active area of research in the last twenty years after quantitative and continuous documentation of field data became available. This volume gathers the important advances that have been made in the field over the past decade, which to date have been scattered in the form of research articles in various scientific journals.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 387 p. 191 illus., 135 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030643089
    Series Statement: Lecture Notes in Earth System Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Power resources. ; Environmental sciences. ; Physics. ; Oceanography. ; Sustainability. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water. ; Natural Resource and Energy Economics. ; Environmental Physics. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Sustainability.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1: Introduction: If a jellyfish stings you, there is a reason -- Chapter2: Man and the sea -- Chapter3: The war against the sea -- Chapter4: Understanding overshoot -- Chapter5: The blue economy -- Chapter6: Conclusion: The horror that came to Sarnath.
    Abstract: The “Blue Economy” is used to describe all of the economic activities related to the sea, with a special emphasis on sustainability. Traditional activities such as fisheries, but also undersea mining, tourism, and scientific research are included, as well as the phenomenal growth of aquaculture during the past decade. All of these activities, and the irresistible prospect of another new frontier, has led to enthusiastic and, most likely, overenthusiastic assessments of the possibilities to exploit the sea to feed the world, provide low-cost energy, become a new source of minerals, and other future miracles. This book makes sense of these trends and of the future of the blue economy by following our remote ancestors who gradually discovered the sea and its resources, describing the so-called fisherman’s curse – or why fishermen have always been poor, explaining why humans tend to destroy the resources on which we depend, and assessing the realistic expectations for extracting resources from the sea. Although the sea is not so badly overexploited as the land, our demands on ecosystem services are already above the oceans’ sustainability limits. Some new ideas, including “fishing down” for untapped resources such as plankton, could lead to the collapse of the entire marine ecosystem. How Neanderthals crossed the sea in canoes, how it was possible for five men on a small boat to kill a giant whale, what kind of oil the virgins of the Gospel put into their lamps, how a professor of mathematics, Vito Volterra, discovered the “equations of fishing,” why it has become so easy to be stung by a jellyfish while swimming in the sea, and how to play “Moby Dick,” a simple board game that simulates the overexploitation of natural resources are just some of the questions that you will be able to answer after reading this engaging and insightful book about the rapidly expanding relationship between humanity and the sea. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXI, 203 p. 86 illus., 56 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030518981
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Oceanography. ; Geology. ; Geophysics. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Geology. ; Geophysics. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Scale invariant structure of lithosphere earthquake source -- Permeability measurement by the fracture pressure drop curve in laboratory experiments -- Geology and petrogeochemical features of the Kumak ore Field carbon deposits -- Effect of Plastic Properties ON Hydraulic Fracturing Operation -- Dynamics of harmonic internal gravity waves in stratified inhomogeneous medium -- The exact equation for the waveform of potential stationary surface waves -- Identification of the initial spot location of pollution in the Kerch strait on the basis of adjoint equation -- North Atlantic Oscillation and Interannual Mixed Layer Heat Balance Variability in the North Atlantic.
    Abstract: This book presents the findings of recent theoretical and experimental studies of processes in the atmosphere, oceans and lithosphere, discussing their interactions, environmental issues, geology, problems related to human impacts on the environment, and methods of geophysical research. It particularly focuses on the geomechanical aspects of the production of hydrocarbons, including the laborious extraction of oils. Furthermore, it includes contributions on ecological problems of the biosphere. This book corresponds to the English edition of the "Processes in GeoMedia," a Russian academic journal focused on new theoretical and experimental studies of the Earth's processes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VII, 305 p. 118 illus., 64 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030690403
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Environment. ; Geographic information systems. ; Measurement. ; Measuring instruments. ; Biotic communities. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Geographical Information System. ; Measurement Science and Instrumentation. ; Ecosystems.
    Description / Table of Contents: Basics of Atmospheric Measurement Techniques -- In-situ Measurement Techniques -- Remote Sensing Techniques (Ground-Based) -- Remote Sensing Techniques (Space- and Aircraft-Based) -- Complex Measurements - Methods and Applications -- Measurements Networks.
    Abstract: This practical handbook provides a clearly structured, concise and comprehensive account of the huge variety of atmospheric and related measurements relevant to meteorologists and for the purpose of weather forecasting and climate research, but also to the practitioner in the wider field of environmental physics and ecology. The Springer Handbook of Atmospheric Measurements is divided into six parts: The first part offers instructive descriptions of the basics of atmospheric measurements and the multitude of their influencing factors, fundamentals of quality control and standardization, as well as equations and tables of atmospheric, water, and soil quantities. The subsequent parts present classical in-situ measurements as well as remote sensing techniques from both ground-based as well as airborn or satellite-based methods. The next part focusses on complex measurements and methods that integrate different techniques to establish more holistic data. Brief discussions of measurements in soils and water, at plants, in urban and rural environments and for renewable energies demonstrate the potential of such applications. The final part provides an overview of atmospheric and ecological networks. Written by distinguished experts from academia and industry, each of the 64 chapters provides in-depth discussions of the available devices with their specifications, aspects of quality control, maintenance as well as their potential for the future. A large number of thoroughly compiled tables of physical quantities, sensors and system characteristics make this handbook a unique, universal and useful reference for the practitioner and absolutely essential for researchers, students, and technicians. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: LVIII, 1748 p. 752 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030521714
    Series Statement: Springer Handbooks,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Soil science. ; Environmental management. ; Sustainability. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Water. ; Soil Science. ; Physical Geography. ; Environmental Management. ; Sustainability.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Preface -- 2 Hydrological approach for evaluation of soil and water degradation processes as related to climate change and biodiversity losses -- 3 Prediction of soil salinization and sodification processes as affected by groundwater under different climate and management conditions -- 4 Landscape features as conditions for vegetation and crop growth. Physiological aspects of plants response to salinity, alkalinity and shallow water-table -- 5 The classical fact in water insecurity: groundwater; the need to recognize the importance of its presence -- 6 Groundwater and its role in maintaining the ecological functions of ecosystems; advances in holistic approaches in studies on the interaction vegetation-groundwater flows -- 7 Groundwater flows in Bajos Submeridionales of Santa Fe wetlands as part of the Chaqueña plain (Argentina) and their use for livestock production -- 8 Geochemical feature of intermediate flow discharging in Paraná river system, Argentina -- 9 Hydrogeochemical characterization of groundwater and its interaction with other components of the environment in Mexico -- 10 Landscape functioning as a basis for defining its sustainable intervention: soils and groundwater flows. .
    Abstract: This book combines multidisciplinary studies on the environmental consequences of intensified use of land and water, and the fusion of land to provide food for a growing population. Studies on water, vegetation, and soil are addressed from an environmental management perspective with a special focus on the relation between natural elements and humans. This book considers the essential dynamics of humans and the natural environment, which is especially important in areas with shallow water-table that influence directly on agricultural activities (crops, livestock, and forests), land management, flooding, droughts, waterlogging, salt-affected soils (saline and sodic) and variation in obtained water quality in wells where these processes as related to the local and regional geomorphology control. The studies present hydrological processes towards the definition of an adequate use of soil and water with consequences of its management on the environment. Also, water study procedures are presented as well as their relation to other elements of the landscape. Methodologies such as the Tóthian flow system concept are recognized by different authors to provide the reader with solid interdisciplinary analyses of related environmental components such as soils, vegetation, surface water, geomorphology, geological framework and groundwater physical-chemical composition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIV, 275 p. 85 illus., 77 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030654436
    Series Statement: Springer Earth System Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Parasitology. ; Paleontology . ; Evolution (Biology). ; Virology. ; Pathology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Parasitology. ; Paleontology. ; Evolutionary Biology. ; Virology. ; Pathology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Parasites of Fossil Vertebrates: What We Know and What can We Expect from the Fossil Record? -- Chapter 2. Fossil Record of Viruses, Parasitic Bacteria and Parasitic Protozoa -- Chapter 3. Fungi as Parasites: A Conspectus of the Fossil Record -- Chapter 4: Evolution, Origins and Diversification of Parasitic Cnidarians -- Chapter 5. Evolutionary History of Bivalves as Parasites -- Chapter 6. Gastropods as Parasites and Carnivorous Grazers – A Major Guild in Marine Ecosystems -- Chapter 7: Fossil Constraints on the Timescale of Parasitic Helminth Evolution -- Chapter8. Thorny-headed Worms (Acanthocephala): Jaw-less Members of Jaw-bearing Worms that Parasitize Jawed Arthropods and Jaw-bearing Vertebrates -- Chapter 9. Chelicerates as Parasites -- Chapter 10. Evolutionary History of Crustaceans as Parasites -- Chapter 11. The History of Insect Parasitism and the Mid-Mesozoic Parasitoid Revolution.
    Abstract: This two-volume edited book highlights and reviews the potential of the fossil record to calibrate the origin and evolution of parasitism, and the techniques to understand the development of parasite-host associations and their relationships with environmental and ecological changes. The book deploys a broad and comprehensive approach, aimed at understanding the origins and developments of various parasite groups, in order to provide a wider evolutionary picture of parasitism as part of biodiversity. This supplements contributions by parasitologists that mostly focus on extrapolating from current host associations or distributions, to estimate constraints on the timing of the origin and evolution of various parasite groups. This approach allows a wider evolutionary picture of parasitism on, and as part of, biodiversity. Volume one focuses on identifying parasitism in the fossil record, and sheds light on the distribution and ecological importance of parasite-host interactions over time. In order to better understand the evolutionary history of parasites and their relationship with changes in the environment, emphasis is given to viruses, bacteria, protista and plants as parasites. Particular attention is given to metazoans such as molluscs, cnidarians, crustaceans and insects as parasites. Researchers, specifically parasitologists, interested in the evolutionary history of parasite-host interactions, as well as students studying parasitism will find this book appealing. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 565 p. 147 illus., 96 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030424848
    Series Statement: Topics in Geobiology ; 49
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Science Philosophy. ; Bioclimatology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Philosophy of Science. ; Climate Change Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Prologue: From Homo Prometheus to Terra Incognita -- Greenhouse gases and mass extinction of species -- The K-T impact-triggered hyperthermal event -- The Paleocene-Eocene boundary Thermal Maximum -- Cenozoic climates -- Human origins -- Fire and human intelligence -- The Gods and the death cult -- The war against the forests -- Fatal energies -- The Anthropocene hyperthermal Collapse of the Earth's life support systems -- The Fatal species -- An Epilogue.
    Abstract: With the advent of global warming and the nuclear arms race, humans are rapidly approaching a moment of truth. Technologically supreme, they manifest their dreams and nightmares in the real world through science, art, adventures and brutal wars, a paradox symbolized by a candle lighting the dark yet burning away to extinction, as discussed in this book. As these lines are being written, fires are burning on several continents, the Earth’s ice sheets are melting and the oceans are rising, threatening to flood the planet’s coastal zones and river valleys, where civilization arose and humans live and grow food. With the exception of birds like hawks, black kites and fire raptors, humans are the only life form utilizing fire, creating developments they can hardly control. For more than a million years, gathered around campfires during the long nights, mesmerized by the flickering life-like dance of the flames, prehistoric humans acquired imagination, a yearning for omnipotence, premonitions of death, cravings for immortality and conceiving the supernatural. Humans live in realms of perceptions, dreams, myths and legends, in denial of critical facts, waking up for a brief moment to witness a world that is as beautiful as it is cruel. Existentialist philosophy offers a way of coping with the unthinkable. Looking into the future produces fear, an instinctive response that can obsess the human mind and create a conflict between the intuitive reptilian brain and the growing neocortex, with dire consequences. As contrasted with Stapledon’s Last and first Man, where an advanced human species mourns the fate of the Earth, Homo sapiens continues to transfer every extractable molecule of carbon from the Earth to the atmosphere, the lungs of the biosphere, ensuring the demise of the planetary life support system.”.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 134 p. 75 illus., 70 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030547349
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Biotic communities. ; Conservation biology. ; Ecology . ; Earth System Sciences. ; Ecosystems. ; Conservation Biology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Part I. Historical perspectives -- Chapter 2. Cities in the Water: Waterscape and Evolution of Urban Civilization in Southern Mesopotamia as seen from Tell Zurghul, Iraq (Davide Nadali) -- Chapter 3. Reed-Swamps in the Sumerian Material Culture: Archaeological, Archaeobotanical and Experimental Insights from the Abu Tbeirah Excavations (Licia Romano, Alessandra Celant, Maria Virginia Montorfani, Franco D'Agostino) -- Chapter 4. Human Ecology of the Marshes (Ariel I. Ahram) -- Chapter 5. Role of women in ancient Mesopotamia and the southern marshes of Iraq: a comparative account (Laith A. Jawad) -- Part II. Environmental factors -- Chapter 6. Physical and chemical characters of Mesopotamian marshes: a short review (Bahram K. Maulood and Fikrat M. Hassan) -- Chapter 7. Hydrologic structures in the Tigris Euphrates Bas and their impact on the vitality of the Marshes (Toon Bijnens) -- Chapter 8. Importance of Hydrological and Hydrogeological Studies in Wetlands: Examples from Turkey (Melis Somay-Altas) -- Chapter 9. Use of Multispectral and Hyperspectral Satellite Imagery for Monitoring Water Bodies and Wetlands (Mahdi Hasanlou and Seyd Teymoor Seydi) -- Chapter 10. Usage of Satellite technology in monitoring the wetlands of Turkey, Tigris and Euphrates Watershed (Gordana Kaplan, Zehra Yigit Avdan, Ugur Avdan) -- Part III. Geology -- Chapter 11. Sedimentology and Mineralogy of Quaternary Sediments of Marshes, South of Iraq (Badir N. Albadran) -- Part IV. Major biotope -- Chapter 12. Phytoplankton and Primary Production in Iraqi marshes (Bahram K. Maulood and Fikrat M. Hassan) -- Chapter 13. Distribution patterns, diversity centres and priorities for conservation of Iranian true aquatic plants (Ahmadreza Mehrabian) -- Chapter 14. Compiled checklist of aquatic invertebrates of the southern marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 15. The Indian shad Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) in the southern marshes of Iraq: a revision and evaluation of a compiled data (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 16. The presence of Gambusia fish in the southern marshes of Iraq: bad or good (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 17. Checklist of freshwater fishes of southwestern wetlands of Iran (Hamid Reza Esmaeili) -- Chapter 18. Checklist of fishes of the Caspian Sea basin: Land of Wetlands (Hamid Reza Esmaeili, Keyvan Abbasi) -- Chapter 19. The ornithological importance of the southern marshes of Iraq (Mudhafar A. Salim, Salwan A. Abed, and Richard F. Porter) -- Part V. Biodiversity aspects -- Chapter 20. Northern Gulf Marine Biodiversity in Relevance to the River Discharge (Faiza Al-Yamani, Igor Polikarpov, Maria Saburova) -- Chapter 21. A possible threat to the fish biodiversity in the southern marshes of Iraq: a mini review (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 22. Biotic homogenisation: a process that happening in the southern marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Part VI. Natural resources -- Chapter 23. Fish, fishing methods and Fisheries of the southern marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 24. The artisanal fishers in the southern marshes of Iraq and the traditional ecological knowledge (Laith A. Jawad) -- Part VII. The marshes and human health -- Chapter 25. Fish consumption of mothers and their children in fishermen society in the marsh areas (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 26. Ingestion of fish bones: clinical cases from the marsh areas of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Part VIII. Environmental challenges -- Chapter 27. The status of pollution in the southern marshes of Iraq: A short review (Nader A. Salman, Hamid T. Al-Saad, Faris J. Al-Imarah) -- Chapter 28. The effects of man-made noise on the fishes in the marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 29. Heavy metals in wetlands in Turkey (Onur Can Türker and Jan Vymazal) -- Chapter 30. Locals’ awareness of ecotourism in the southern marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 31. The effects of thermal pollution on the aquatic life in the southern marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Part IX. Conservation -- Chapter 32. What ecological principles required for a proposed establishment and management of national parks in the southern marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 33. The possible difficulties and outcomes of the biodiversity conservation of the southern marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 34. Co-Management scheme to protect the southern marshes of Iraq: a proposal (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 35. Eradication as a method to manage the non-native fish in the marsh environment: a proposal (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 36. Freshwater commercial bycatch in the southern marshes of Iraq: the unexploited aquatic wealth and understated conservation problem (Laith A. Jawad) -- Part X. Socio-economic aspects -- Chapter 37. Ornamental fish farming: a proposal for a successful small scale aqua business project in the southern marshes of Iraq (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 38. Migration of youth to the big cities from the southern marshes of Iraq: solutions to keep locals with an upgrading for their skills and livelihood (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 39. The daily life of the marsh Arab of the southern marshes of Iraq through a camera lens (Laith A. Jawad) -- Chapter 40. Socio-economic status comparison of fishermen community in two marsh areas in southern Iraq (Laith A. Jawad).
    Abstract: The Mesopotamian marshes are important for economic, social, and biodiversity values and have been home to indigenous human communities for millennia. They are regarded as a legendary site. This multi-authored book contains chapters written by world-renowned experts in their field. Both basic and applied information are made available, making the book a must-have for a wide spectrum of users. For example, an understanding of the natural and the social aspects of the marshes, as described here, is an obvious prerequisite for a pest management plan in this area. Scholars interested in wetlands can use this book as a guide to compare different wetlands areas in Asia. The bibliography section contains valuable references to the marsh areas and research in the field. This book serves as an up-to-date comprehensive source of information on different aspects of the southern marshes of Iraq and is aimed at academic scholars, environmentalists, and decision makers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIII, 815 p. 364 illus., 262 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030662387
    Series Statement: Coastal Research Library, 36
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geology. ; Geochemistry. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geology. ; Geochemistry.
    Description / Table of Contents: The World Hidden Beneath Us - Structure and Composition of the Earth -- Air, Water, Earth - The Exogenic Geological Processes -- Fire - How Magmatism Shaped the Earth -- Geomagnetism - The Space Shield of the Planet Earth -- Seismicity - The Breath of a Restless Earth -- Plate Tectonics - The Great Unifying Theory -- Geochemical Cycles - The Circulatory System of Planet Earth -- The Geochemical Cycles and the Environment - How Man is Changing the Earth -- From Hadean to Anthropocene - The Endless Story of a Lucky Planet -- Epilogue.
    Abstract: The book describes the structure, composition and evolution of the Earth, the main geological processes occurring on it, and how some crucial environmental matters that are amply debated in the media (e.g. pollution, greenhouse effect) can be fully understood by placing them in the holistic context of the system Earth as a whole. It provides basic information on a series of key geological issues, from the structure and composition of the Earth to the large-scale processes that characterize our planet, such as rock alteration and sedimentation, magmatism, geomagnetism, seismicity, plate tectonics, cyclical migration of chemical elements through various Earth reservoirs (Geochemical Cycles), and evolution of the planet from Hadean to present. It intends to reach a wide readership, which is interested in our planet and wish to have a general and comprehensive view of its origin, evolution and activity. Potential readership includes undergraduate and advanced undergraduate students in Geology and other scientific disciplines, and any moderately- to well-educated people interested in the surrounding world and eager to gain a basic knowledge of the Earth and to reach an integrated view of how our planet is working. Includes debated issues of the environmental changes by framing them within the evolution and history of the Earth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 223 p. 59 illus., 58 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030780135
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Physical geography. ; Civil engineering. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Earth Sciences. ; Physical Geography. ; Civil Engineering. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Water.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to Karst and Geology of Croatia -- The Dinaric karst system in Croatia -- Underground karst morphology (speleology) -- Caves in Croatia - Caves in the central part of Dinaric karst -- Caverns found and explored during construction work in the Dinaric Karst of Croatia -- Caverns found and explored during construction of road tunnels in Istria and the Gorski kotar region -- Caverns found and explored during the construction of road tunnels in Lika and Dalmatia regions and the city of Rijeka -- Caverns found and explored during the construction of bridges, viaducts, roads and railroads -- Caverns found and explored during the construction of airports and in quarries -- Particularly interesting and rare occurrences in caves of the Dinaric Karst in Croatia -- Cave speleometry in the Dinaric Karst of Croatia -- Research Methods -- International activity of speleologists from Croatia -- .
    Abstract: This book offers readers a thorough introduction to the Dinaric Karst System in Croatia. As the first comprehensive book on the country’s caves and karst, it presents a wealth of fascinating photographs from its karst underground. To date, ca. 12,000 caves and pits have been confirmed in Croatia, approximately 35% of which contain constant groundwater. Knowing the amount, direction and quality of groundwater that has been discovered in caves of the Croatian karst allows us to predict with greater certainty the hydrogeological situation of some karst areas where no special drilling or borehole measurements were performed. In the process of building highways in the country’s karst regions over the last thirty years, thousands of caverns (speleological features without natural entrances) were discovered and thoroughly explored. All of them were geologically mapped, surveyed, and photographed in detail. Extensive research was systematically carried out in Croatian karst regions on sections of roads, highways, cuttings, slides, tunnels, bridge foundations, viaducts, etc., while creating ca. 800 kilometers of highways (such as the Zagreb-Rijeka highway, Zagreb-Split-Dubrovnik highway, Y-Ipsilon of Istria semi-highway, Rijeka-Rupa highway, Zagreb-Zadar semi-highway, and the Rijeka bypass). Some of these caverns contain major chambers like in the “Sveti Rok” tunnel and in some of them, like in the “Vrata” tunnel, it was even necessary to build a bridge. This bridge is the longest one in the world built in a tunnel over a cavern. The book describes this and many more features of the cave exploration of the Dinaric Karst System of Croatia, making it a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, cavers, and all other readers interested in karst.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXV, 437 p. 449 illus., 445 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030805876
    Series Statement: Cave and Karst Systems of the World,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Tectonic model of northern, central and eastern asia -- Deep structure model -- Tectonic domains -- Tectonic evolution of northern, central and eastern asia.
    Abstract: The book provides the results of tectonic, geological and geophysical studies of Northern, Central and Eastern Asia obtained over the last 20 years, and a Tectonic map for this area overview as well as essays on its geodynamic evolution. These new results were obtained by an international team of specialists within the project “Atlas of geological maps of Central Asia and adjacent areas,” scale 1: 2,500,000, initiated in 2003 by geological surveys of Russia, China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and South Korea under the auspices of the CGMW. The most of the book contains the descriptions of the tectonic structure of major geological regions of Asia, such as the Ural, Sayan-Baikal and Tien Shan orogenic systems. The tectonic structure of the Pamirs, Turan Plate, Mongolia, Southern China, Korea and other regions is also discussed. The book contains maps of gravity and magnetic anomalies, sketch maps of deep structures of the area, and the geotransect crossing the most important geological structures of Asia. The final chapter of the book describes the tectonic evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt from the Neoproterozoic to the Mesozoic.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: V, 262 p. 86 illus., 76 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030620011
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Interior architecture. ; Design. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Interior Architecture. ; Design. ; Environmental Social Sciences. ; Regional Geography.
    Description / Table of Contents: Residents’ Satisfaction towards Transformation of Klang River in Klang District, Selangor -- Are the New Towns really smart? -- Study on the Planning of the Characteristic Town Which Undertake Function Spillover of Big Cities -- Localizing the Globalized - How not to Fail in Smart Cities Frameworks -- Choice of Travel Mode for Work Trips for Dhaka city to Enhance Travel Experience -- Exploration of Urban Regeneration and Design of Characteristic Streets: A Case Study of Chengxian Street -- Integrating Pedestrian Circulation with Proposed Rapid Transit Route: Design Proposal of a Skywalk for Smart Dhaka -- The Importance of Green Commuting - A Campus Case Study in Schwäbisch Hall as Contribution to Responsible Urbanism -- RumorClock: Visual Representation of Online Rumor Spreading -- Towards building of visualization method to highlight top users’ trends in social networks.
    Abstract: This book focuses on the ways in which resiliency can foster the transformation of cities. There is a growing need for our cities to be transformed into “smart” cities; in this regard, tremendous efforts are called for in order to face the environmental challenges that play a major role in the creation or transformation of cities and environments. This book covers a broad range of applications and approaches that are “smart” and “resilient,” which, when combined, offer much more flexibility concerning the future of our cities. Consequently, this simple combination, which is producing sweeping changes around the globe, has attracted considerable attention from scholars and decision-makers alike.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 268 p. 235 illus., 202 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030635671
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Natural disasters. ; Sustainability. ; Physical geography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water. ; Natural Hazards. ; Sustainability. ; Earth System Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Integrated Water Resources Management of Thatipudi Command Area -- Streamflow health and variability analysis of Roanoke River, USA -- Enhancing water use efficiency through micro irrigation -- Hydrological modelling to study the impacts of climate and LULC change at basin scale: A review -- Reservoir Operation of Dharoi Dam: Fuzzy logic Approach -- Water Resource Management for Coal based Thermal Power Plant -- Estimation of Trap Efficiency And Useful Life of a Reservoir -- Evaluation of reservoir sedimentation using satellite data -- Hydraulic design of service nd emergency gates- A case study -- Regionalisation of watersheds using fuzzy c means clustering algorithm in west flowing rivers of Kerala.
    Abstract: This book explores many recent techniques including ANN, fuzzy logic, hydraulic models and IWRM utilized for integrated water resources management, a real challenge in India for obtaining high irrigation efficiency. The book deals with topics of current interest, such as climate change, floods, drought, and hydrological extremes. The impact of climate change on water resources is drawing worldwide attention these days; for water resources, many countries are already stressed and climate change along with burgeoning population, rising standard of living, and increasing demand are adding to the stress. Further, river basins are becoming less resilient to climatic vagaries. Fundamental to addressing these issues is hydrological modelling which is covered in this book Further, integrated water resources management is vital to ensure water and food security. Integral to the management is groundwater and solute transport. The book encompasses tools that will be useful to mitigate the adverse consequences of natural disasters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 288 p. 133 illus., 112 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030794002
    Series Statement: Water Science and Technology Library, 107
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Mineralogy. ; Geophysics. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geology. ; Mineralogy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Continental lithosphere -- Chapter 2: Indian shield -- Chapter 3: Petrology -- Chapter 4: Lithosphere structure -- Chapter 5: Geothermal structure -- Chapter 6: Integration of insights -- Selected bibliography. .
    Abstract: This book explores the geotectonic evolution of the lithosphere beneath the Indian Shield, which comprises a collage of cratons variously bounded by mobile belts and palaeo-rifts. The lithosphere beneath these is fairly thin compared to other cratons worldwide, petrologically varied and shows considerable variation in thickness with depth both intra-craton and among cratons. Moreover, it has been subjected to the influence of repeated magmatic episodes from Proterozoic to Palaeocene, which have variously impacted different parts of the shield. The thermotectonic influence on constituent cratons is variable depending on the evolutionary history. This book discusses the impact of successive tectonomagmatic events on the evolution of the deep crust and shallow mantle, and their Phanerozoic modification as gleaned through the xenolith window. The book provides a petrotectonic perspective on the deep crust and shallow mantle from direct samples brought up as xenoliths of deep lithologies, and offers a comprehensive overview for students, researchers, academics and professionals, integrating the results of petrological studies of deep lithologies and geophysical investigations to (i) shed light on the physico-chemical and thermal structure of the lithosphere from an array of geotectonic settings and (ii) gain insights into the spatio-temporal evolution of the Indian Shield. An in-depth guide critical thinking on the complex issue of mantle differentiation, magmatism, lithosphere modification and crustal growth over time, the book allows readers to gain a better understanding of the processes that affect the lithosphere and shape the crust on which we live.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVIII, 259 p. 71 illus., 38 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030529420
    Series Statement: Modern Approaches in Solid Earth Sciences, 20
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 77
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Sustainability. ; Ethics. ; Education. ; Earth Sciences. ; Water. ; Sustainability. ; Moral Philosophy and Applied Ethics. ; Education.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Relational value as an argument to protect geological and hydrogeologic goods -- 2. Ethical and moral issues relative to groundwater -- 3. Some basic considerations on the applied ethics to water resources management -- 4. The precautionary principle and groundwater -- 5. Geoethics for operating in the human niche -- 6. Cross-cutting role of groundwater in achieving the SDGs and an ethical approach -- 7. Inclusion of indigenous communities in water resources management in the Middle West of Brazil: a proposal -- 8. Ganga river: a paradox of purity and pollution in India due to unethical practice -- 9. Evaluating public opinion on groundwater extraction from public comment submissions and Google Trends -- 10. Public perceptions and attitudes towards groundwater and climate change. The case of the Barbate river basin. .
    Abstract: This book gathers the peer-reviewed proceedings of the 1st congress on Geoethics & Groundwater Management (GEOETH&GWM'20), held in Porto, Portugal, in an online format on 18-22 May 2020. Hosted in School of Engineering (ISEP), Polytechnic of Porto based on Porto city (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), the international conference focused on what has now been dubbed “hydrogeoethics”, a novel transdisciplinary, scientific field integrating all dimensions of geoethics in groundwater science and practice. Given its scope, the book is of interest to all researchers and practitioners in the geosciences, hydrology, water resources, hydrogeology, natural resources management, environment, engineering, law, sociology, education, philosophy, culture, among others. This joint congress is the result of a collaborative agreement between the IAH (International Association of Hydrogeologists) and IAPG (International Association for Promoting Geoethics) and reflects the need for concerted actions to achieve sustainable development. The diversity, scale, significance and increasing magnitude of anthropogenic interactions with aquifers and groundwater, which often involve conflicting values or interests, call for analysis, discussions and decisions on the part of the agents involved, e.g. groundwater scientists, policymakers, managers, organisations, professionals and citizens. This approach calls for a responsible, sustainable and human approach to groundwater use and management. The groundwater community involved in the exploration and exploitation, use and management of this increasingly vital natural resource is becoming more and more aware that ethical issues pervade all our attitudes from concept to action and need to be addressed. Diverse values and cultures, science and education, law and policies, human and natural environments and the public and the economic sectors view groundwater and its value and/or role differently. The authors believe that in a globalised and interconnected world, common ground must be found in the interest of peace, human development and sustainability. The main topics covered here include: 1. Fundamentals of hydrogeoethics: cultures, principles and geoethical values on groundwater science and engineering 2. Lessons for a resilient and sustainable future with hydrogeoethics: case studies of geoethics in groundwater science-engineering, profession, and management 3. Scientific and humanistic components of hydrogeoethics in groundwater education and professional training 4. Socio-hydrogeology and ethical groundwater management 5. Geoethics of decision making under uncertainty and ethical issues in neglecting groundwater functioning 6. Groundwater: geological, legal, social, and ethical challenges of a unique natural resource .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XLV, 523 p. 204 illus., 180 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030593209
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 78
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Thermodynamics. ; Mathematical physics. ; Geophysics. ; Thermodynamics. ; Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. The equations of hydrodynamics -- Chapter 2. The Oberbeck-Boussinesq convection -- Chapter 3. Anelastic convection -- Chapter 4. Inclusion of compositional effects.
    Abstract: This book continues the process of systematization of knowledge about convection. It is important to put the current knowledge on weakly and strongly stratified convection in order, and provide a comprehensive description of the marginal, weakly nonlinear and fully developed stages of convective flow in both cases. The book provides a short compendium of knowledge on the linear and weakly nonlinear limits of the Boussinesq convection, and a review of the theory on fully developed Boussinesq convection. The third chapter is devoted to a detailed derivation and a study of the three aforementioned stages of stratified (anelastic) convection, with a full solution in the marginal stage provided for the first time. Detailed and systematic explanations are given. The book is intended mainly as a textbook for courses on hydrodynamics and convective flows, for the use of lecturers and students; however, it also serves for the entire scientific community as a practical reference.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 248 p. 12 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030630546
    Series Statement: GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 79
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geographic information systems. ; Geophysics. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Gravity Field Modelling and Height Systems -- Orbit Optimization for Future Satellite Gravity Field Missions: Influence of the Time Variable Gravity Field Models in a Genetic Algorithm Approach. Comparison of Criteria for the Identification of Correlated Orders in GRACE Spherical Harmonic Coefficients -- Second- and Third-Order Derivatives of the Somigliana-Pizzetti Reference Gravity Field -- On the Advantage of Normal Heights -- Green’s Function Method Extended by Successive Approximations and Applied to Earth’s Gravity Field Recovery -- On Combining the Directional Solutions of the Gravitational Curvature Boundary-Value Problem -- Part II: Theory of Modern Geodetic Reference Frames -- Review of Reference Frame Representations for a Deformable Earth -- Impacts of the LARES and LARES-2 Satellite Missions on the SLR Terrestrial Reference Frame -- Permanent GNSS Network Optimization Considering Tectonic Motions -- Part III: Estimation Theory and Inverse Problems in Geodesy -- Adjustment of Gauss-Helmert Models with Autoregressive and Student Errors -- How Abnormal Are the PDFs of the DIA Method: A Quality Description in the Context of GNSS -- Controlling the BiasWithin Free Geodetic Networks -- Regularized Solutions of the Two Layers Inverse Gravimetric Problem in the Space of Bounded Variation Functions -- Converted Total Least Squares Method and Gauss-Helmert Model with Applications to Coordinate Transformations -- A Bayesian Nonlinear Regression Model Based on t-Distributed Errors -- The GNSS for Meteorology (G4M) Procedure and Its Application to Four Significant Weather Events -- Part IV: Advanced Numerical Methods in Geodesy -- Modeling the Gravitational Field by Using CFD Techniques -- Surface Loading of a Self-Gravitating, Laterally Heterogeneous Elastic Sphere: Preliminary Result for the 2D Case -- Using Structural Risk Minimization to Determine the Optimal Complexity of B-Spline Surfaces for Modelling Correlated Point Cloud Data -- On the Numerical Implementation of a Perturbation Method for Satellite Gravity Mapping -- Part V: Geodetic Data Analysis -- Non-Recursive Representation of an Autoregressive Process Within the Magic Square -- A Bootstrap Approach to Testing for Time-Variability of AR Process Coefficients in Regression Time Series with t-Distributed White Noise Components -- Identification of Suspicious Data for Robust Estimation of Stochastic Processes -- Quality and Distribution of Terrestrial Gravity Data for Precise Regional Geoid Modeling: A Generalized Setup -- Part VI: Interactions of Geodesy and Mathematics -- Geodesy and Mathematics: Interactions, Acquisitions, and Open Problems.
    Abstract: This volume gathers the proceedings of the IX Hotine-Marussi Symposium on Mathematical Geodesy, which was held from 18 to 22 June 2018 at the Faculty of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. Since 2006, the Hotine-Marussi Symposia series has been produced under the auspices of the Inter-Commission Committee on Theory (ICCT) within the International Association of Geodesy (IAG). The ICCT has organized the last four Hotine-Marussi Symposia, held in Wuhan (2006) and Rome (2009, 2013 and 2018). The overall goal of the ICCT and Hotine-Marussi Symposia has always been to advance geodetic theory, as reflected in the 25 peer-reviewed research articles presented here. The IX Hotine-Marussi Symposium was divided into 10 topical sessions covering all aspects of geodetic theory including reference frames, gravity field modelling, adjustment theory, atmosphere, time series analysis and advanced numerical methods. In total 118 participants attended the Symposium and delivered 82 oral and 37 poster presentations. During a special session at the Accademia Nazionale deiLincei, the oldest scientific academy in the world, six invited speakers discussed interactions of geodesy with oceanography, glaciology, atmospheric research, mathematics, Earth science and seismology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 256 p. 101 illus., 84 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030542672
    Series Statement: International Association of Geodesy Symposia, 151
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 80
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Mineralogy. ; Engineering geology. ; Cogeneration of electric power and heat. ; Fossil fuels. ; Geophysics. ; Mineralogy. ; Geoengineering. ; Fossil Fuel.
    Description / Table of Contents: Preface -- Prologue -- Chapter 1. Model Purpose -- Chapter 2. The Rock Model -- Chapter 3. The Property Model -- Chapter 4. Upscaling Flow Properties -- Chapter 5. Handling Model Uncertainty -- Chapter 6. Reservoir Model Types -- Chapter 7. Epilogue -- Nomenclature -- Solutions -- Index.
    Abstract: This book gives practical advice and ready to use tips on the design and construction of subsurface reservoir models. The design elements cover rock architecture, petrophysical property modelling, multi-scale data integration, upscaling and uncertainty analysis. Philip Ringrose and Mark Bentley share their experience, gained from over a hundred reservoir modelling studies in 25 countries covering clastic, carbonate and fractured reservoir types, and for a range of fluid systems – oil, gas and CO2, production and injection, and effects of different mobility ratios. The intimate relationship between geology and fluid flow is explored throughout, showing how the impact of fluid type, displacement mechanism and the subtleties of single- and multi-phase flow combine to influence reservoir model design. The second edition updates the existing sections and adds sections on the following topics: · A new chapter on modelling for CO2 storage · A new chapter on modelling workflows · An extended chapter on fractured reservoir modelling · An extended chapter on multi-scale modelling · An extended chapter on the quantification of uncertainty · A revised section on the future of modelling based on recently published papers by the authors The main audience for this book is the community of applied geoscientists and engineers involved in understanding fluid flow in the subsurface: whether for the extraction of oil or gas or the injection of CO2 or the subsurface storage of energy in general. We will always need to understand how fluids move in the subsurface and we will always require skills to model these quantitatively. The second edition of this reference book therefore aims to highlight the modelling skills developed for the current energy industry which will also be required for the energy transition of the future. The book is aimed at technical-professional practitioners in the energy industry and is also suitable for a range of Master’s level courses in reservoir characterisation, modelling and engineering. • Provides practical advice and guidelines for users of 3D reservoir modelling packages • Gives advice on reservoir model design for the growing world-wide activity in subsurface reservoir modelling • Covers rock modelling, property modelling, upscaling, fluid flow and uncertainty handling • Encompasses clastic, carbonate and fractured reservoirs • Applies to multi-fluid cases and applications: hydrocarbons and CO2, production and storage; rewritten for use in the Energy Transition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 322 p. 337 illus., 245 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 2nd ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030701635
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 81
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Environment. ; Physics. ; Astronomy. ; Earth Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Physics and Astronomy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction to remote sensing -- Physical properties of the terrestrial atmosphere -- Light scattering, absorption, extinction, and propagation in the terrestrial atmosphere -- Radiative transfer models.
    Abstract: Theoretical foundations of atmospheric remote sensing are electromagnetic theory, radiative transfer and inversion theory. This book provides an overview of these topics in a common context, compile the results of recent research, as well as fill the gaps, where needed. The following aspects are covered: principles of remote sensing, the atmospheric physics, foundations of the radiative transfer theory, electromagnetic absorption, scattering and propagation, review of computational techniques in radiative transfer, retrieval techniques as well as regularization principles of inversion theory. As such, the book provides a valuable resource for those who work with remote sensing data and want to get a broad view of theoretical foundations of atmospheric remote sensing. The book will be also useful for students and researchers working in such diverse fields like inverse problems, atmospheric physics, electromagnetic theory, and radiative transfer. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 297 p. 89 illus., 73 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030667450
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 82
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geographic information systems. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geophysics. ; Geographical Information System. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Misalignment - Can 3D BIM Overrule Professional Setting-out According to Plane and Height -- Building Information Modelling of Industrial Plants -- Possibility of Use of BIM in Automated Geometry Check of Structures -- Empirical evaluation of terrestrial laser scanner calibration strategies: manufacturer-based, target-based and keypoint-based -- Determining Variance-covariance Matrixes for Terrestrial Laser Scans: a Case Study of the Arch Dam Kops -- Assessing the temporal stability of terrestrial laser scanners during long-term measurements -- Using the resolution capability and the effective number of measurements to select the "right" terrestrial laser scanner -- Quantification of systematic distance deviations for scanning total stations using robotic applications -- Testing capabilities of Locata positioning system for displacement measurements -- First step towards the Technical Quality Concept for Integrative Computational Design and Construction -- A priori vs. in-situ terrestrial laser scanner calibration in the context of the instability of calibration parameters -- Analysis of warm-up effect on laser tracker measurement performance.
    Abstract: This book presents contributions from the joint event 8th INGEO International Conference on Engineering Surveying and 4th SIG Symposium on Engineering Geodesy, which was planned to be held in Dubrovnik, Croatia, on April 1–4, 2020 and was canceled due to COVID-19 pandemic situation. Editors, in cooperation with the Local Organisers, are decided to organize the Conference on-line at October 22-23, 2020. We would like to invite you to participation through http://ingeo-sig2020.hgd1952.hr/index.php/2020/08/31/ingeosig2020-virtual-conference-october-22-23-2020/. The event brought together professionals in the fields of civil engineering and engineering surveying to discuss new technologies, their applicability, and operability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 318 p. 186 illus., 171 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030519537
    Series Statement: Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 83
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Geology. ; Geographic information systems. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Geology. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. The Arabian-Nubian Shield, an introduction: historic overview, concepts, interpretations, and future issues -- 2. The boundary between the Saharan metacraton and the Arabian Nubian Shield: insight from Ediacaran shoshonitic granites of the Nuba Mountains (Sudan): U–Pb SHRIMP zircon dating, geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotope constraints -- 3. The Southern Part of the Arabian Nubian Shield in Kenya and Tanzania Harald Fritz and Christoph Hauzenberger -- 4. Tectonic Evolution of the Pan-African Belt in Western Ethiopia, Southern Arabian-Nubian Shield -- 5. Neoproterozoic Crustal Evolution of the northernmost Arabian-Nubian Shield, south Jordan.
    Abstract: ­This richly illustrated book reviews the geology, tectonics and mineralization of the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS) in 27 chapters. It starts with an examination of the ANS lithospheric scale features, explores Mesoproterozoic units and deals with the ANS oceanic stage. Arc volcanism and plutonism, post-collision basins and volcanics are discussed, as well as the younger granitoid magmatism and the deformation history of the ANS. The book provides information on ANS glacial stages and late magmatism. Chapters are devoted to review the transition between ANS and the reworked continent to its south. Finally, it discusses how ANS structures influenced the overall East African Rift System.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXIX, 771 p. 399 illus., 365 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030729950
    Series Statement: Regional Geology Reviews,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 84
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Subsistence farming. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Environment. ; Life sciences. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Subsistence Agriculture. ; Environmental Social Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Life Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Review of Literature -- 3. Data Base and Methodology -- 4. Profile of Study Area & Socioeconomic Analysis of Sample Households -- 5. Quantitative Measurement of District Level Vulnerability in West Bengal Based on Secondary Data -- 6. Vulnerability of Households and Factors Affecting Vulnerability in Different Agro climatic Regions of West Bengal -- 7. Measurement of Vulnerability of Occupational Group of Households in different Agro Climatic Regions of West Bengal -- 8. Gender-wise Vulnerability in Different Agro-climatic Regions of West Bengal -- 9. Adaptation Strategy of the Households Across Five Agro-climatic Regions of West Bengal -- 10. Conclusions and Policy Recommendations.
    Abstract: This book addresses the quantitative measurement of climate change vulnerability at the macro and micro-level and identifies household adaptation strategies to cope with the adverse effects of climate change. Focusing on five different agro-climatic regions of West Bengal: the hill region, foothill region, drought region, and coastal regions of Sunderban and Purba Midnapore, it presents research related to various sectors, including the agricultural, forestry and informal sectors. The book also offers insights into the impact of climate change on smallholdings, forest-dependent communities, fishing and crab collecting communities, casual labourers and workers in the informal sectors, and identifies the key vulnerabilities associated with climate change, as well as the causes of such vulnerability the extent to which remedial measures have been taken. The book particularly highlights the role of Indian governmental policies like Sarva Shiksa Abhiyan, Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), the housing scheme, Indira Awas Yojana, the Food for Work Programme, and the rural road building scheme, Pradhan Mantri Grameen Sadak Yojana, which are important for rural development and in reducing vulnerability. Showcasing vulnerability measurement in the socio-ecological system, the book will appeal to developmental practitioners, government implementation agencies, policymakers and researchers in the field of environmental science and policymakers will find this book appealing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 177 p. 54 illus., 53 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030504687
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 85
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Earth Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Seismic Performance Assessment of Commonly used Structural Systems and Retrofitting Techniques Using Pushover Analysis -- Modeling of a Reinforced Concrete Column Under Cyclic Shear Loads by a Plasticity-Damage Microplane Formulation -- Comparison Between BS EN 1998-1:2004, ECP 201-2011 and ASCE/SEI 7-16 For Code Requirements of Sky-Bridges Spanning Between Towers -- Analytical Fragility Curves for Non-Ductile Reinforced Concrete Buildings Retrofitted with Viscoelastic Damper -- Enhancing Progressive Collapse Resistance in Existing Buildings -- Damage Assessment and Sustainability of RC Building in New Cairo City Considering Probable Earthquake Scenarios -- Review of Seismic Provisions: is Egypt Earthquake safe? -- A Case Study of the Application of BIM in China: Tianjin Chow Tai Fook Financial Center -- Identification of Wastes in Construction Projects: Case Study of Porto Sokhna Island Project -- The Role of Geoinformatics in Renewable EnergyPotential Estimation for Smart Cities - Emphasis on Solar and Wind Energy -- Smart City Developments Using A Bim-Oriented Workflow -- States DoT Roads and Bridges Network Inspection and Maintenance Practices -- Bim And Gis Synergy For Smart Cities -- Tolerance Management, Failure, and Defects In Construction -- Application of Modified Invasive Weed Algorithm for Condition-based Budget Allocation of Water Distribution Networks -- GIS-BIM Data Integration Towards A Smart Campus -- Risk Management Methodology for Green Building Construction Projects Using Fuzzy-Based Multi-Criteria Decision-Making -- Development of Wind and Flood Vulnerability Index for Residential Buildings -- Smart Cities - Policy and Regulatory Frameworks -- Energy-Efficient Layered IoT Smart Home System -- Smart City- Role of PMC in Circular Economy -- Self - X Concrete Applications in Smart Cities -- Infrastructure Systems and Management in Smart Cities -- Hydraulic Reliability Assessment of Water Distribution Networks Using Minimum Cut Set Method -- Trenchless Pipeline Rehabilitation in Smart Cities -- Evolution of A Smart City From The Challenge Of Flood Disaster: Case Study of New Owerri Capital City, South East Of Nigeria -- Correlation of Non-Destructive with Mechanical Tests for Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) -- Investigating Barriers to Implement and Develop Sustainable Construction -- Potential of straw block as an eco - construction material -- The role of Energy Modelling in The Development of Sustainable Construction Regulations for Al-Madinah City Central District -- The Impacts of Climate Zone, Wall Insulation, and Window Types on Building Energy Performance -- Re-Imagining the Architecture of the City in the Autonomous Vehicles Era -- Key Challenges of Smart Railway Station -- A Smart-Left Decision Support System for Flashing Yellow Arrow Traffic Signals -- Using Computational Social Science Techniques to Identify Coordinated Cyber Threats to Smart City Networks -- LoRa Wide Area Network Pragmatic Heterogeneous IoT Applications Deployment using Different Spreading Factors -- Autonomous Vehicle Prototype for Closed-Campuses -- Model-Driven Decision Support System for Broadband Penetration in Nigeria: Smart City Challenge -- Perturbation-Based Analysis of Thin-Walled Steel Tubes Buckling Under Compression: Numerical And Experimental Study -- Axial Behavior of Concrete Filled Pultrutded FRP Box -- Compressive Strength of Revibrated Concrete Using Smart Combination of Sawdust Ash From Selected Wood Species To Partially Replace Cement -- Costs and benefits data mapping of BIM laser scan integration: A Case Study in Australia.
    Abstract: This book focuses on how to maintain environmental sustainability as one of its main principles, and it addresses how smart cities serve to diminish wastes and maintain natural resources by having clean green energy that is operated by new smart technology designs. Living in a smart city is not something of the future anymore, it is here, and it is being implemented all over the world. A smart city uses different types of electronic Internet of things (IoT) sensors to collect data and then use these data to manage assets and resources efficiently. The smart city concept integrates information and communication technology (ICT), and various physical devices connected to the IoT network to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services and achieve sustainable solutions to allow us to grow with proper management of our resources. Smart sustainable structures and infrastructures face the need of urban areas due to the growth of populations while in the same time save our environment. To achieve this, we need to revisit the conventional methods in design and construction and the conventional materials which are used now to optimize the design and provide smart solutions. In the past few years, the consumption of resources has been massive, and the waste produced from that consumption has been inconceivable. This is causing environmental degradation, which produces many environmental challenges, such as global climate change, excessive fossil fuel dependency and the growing demand for energy. As well as, discussing the challenges facing the civil engineering design and construction of smart cities components and presenting concepts and insight from experts and researchers from different civil engineering disciplines., this book explains how to construct buildings and special structures and how to manage and monitor energy. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: X, 394 p. 173 illus., 131 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030642174
    Series Statement: Sustainable Civil Infrastructures,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 86
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Urban policy. ; Environmental geography. ; Buildings Design and construction. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental sciences Social aspects. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Urban Policy. ; Integrated Geography. ; Building Construction and Design. ; Sustainability. ; Environmental Social Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part 1. Framework -- Chapter 1 The Moveable Nexus, Transforming Thinking on Cities -- Chapter 2 A moveable Nexus: framework for food-energy-water design and planning -- Chapter 3 M-NEX methodology: a design-led approach to the FEW-Nexus -- Part II Design for food in M-Nex -- Chapter 4 Nature driven planning for the FEW-Nexus in Western Sydney -- Chapter 5 The flexible scaffold: design praxis in the FEW-nexus -- Chapter 6 Spatialised method for analysing the impact of food -- Chapter 7 Synergetic planning and designing with urban FEW-flows: lessons from Rotterdam Nico Tillie.-Chapter 8 Le Fouture de Groningen; towards transformational food-positive landscapes -- Chapter 9 Mapping the FEW-Nexus across cascading scales: contexts for Detroit from region to city -- Chapter 10 Redesigning the Urban Food Life through the Participatory Living Lab Platform - Practices in Suburban Areas of the Tokyo Metropolitan Region -- Chapter 11 The Regenerative City - positive opportunities of coupling urban energy transition with added values to people and environment -- Chapter 12 Pig farming vs. Solar farming: exploring novel opportunities for the energy transition -- Chapter 13 Proposal for a database of food-energy-water-nexus projects -- Chapter 14 Linking urban food system and environmental sustainability for the resilience of the cities: the case of Tokyo -- Chapter 15 TransFEWmotion: designing urban metabolism as an M-NEX -- Index.
    Abstract: This book discusses a spectrum of approaches to designing the food-energy-water nexus at different spatial-urban scales. The book offers a framework for working on the FEW-nexus in a design-led context and integrates the design of urban neighbourhoods and regions with methodologies how to simultaneously engaging residents and stakeholders and evaluating the propositions in a FEW-print, measuring the environmental impact of the different designs. The examples are derived from on the ground practices in Sydney, Tokyo, Detroit, Amsterdam and Belfast.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XX, 342 p. 185 illus., 131 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030619770
    Series Statement: Contemporary Urban Design Thinking,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 87
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Water. ; Hydrology. ; Biotic communities. ; Environmental Law. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Water. ; Ecosystems. ; Environmental Law.
    Description / Table of Contents: The Stage. Planet Earth: Our Home in the Universe -- Act 1. Seven Connections that Set the Scene of Life on Earth -- Act 2. Four Major Connections that Make Living Organisms and Systems Key Players on the Earth’s Scene -- Act 3. Two Major Connections by which Human Actors Disturb the Action of the Play -- Final act. Connections regulate the Earth System scene.
    Abstract: Earth is, to our knowledge, the only life-bearing body in the Solar System. This extraordinary characteristic dates back almost 4 billion years. How to explain that Earth is teeming with organisms and that this has lasted for so long? What makes Earth different from its sister planets Mars and Venus? The habitability of a planet is its capacity to allow the emergence of organisms. What astronomical and geological conditions concurred to make Earth habitable 4 billion years ago, and how has it remained habitable since? What have been the respective roles of non-biological and biological characteristics in maintaining the habitability of Earth? This unique book answers the above questions by considering the roles of organisms and ecosystems in the Earth System, which is made of the non-living and living components of the planet. Organisms have progressively occupied all the habitats of the planet, diversifying into countless life forms and developing enormous biomasses over the past 3.6 billion years. In this way, organisms and ecosystems "took over" the Earth System, and thus became major agents in its regulation and global evolution. There was co-evolution of the different components of the Earth System, leading to a number of feedback mechanisms that regulated long-term Earth conditions. For millennia, and especially since the Industrial Revolution nearly 300 years ago, humans have gradually transformed the Earth System. Technological developments combined with the large increase in human population have led, in recent decades, to major changes in the Earth's climate, soils, biodiversity and quality of air and water. After some successes in the 20th century at preventing internationally environmental disasters, human societies are now facing major challenges arising from climate change. Some of these challenges are short-term and others concern the thousand-year evolution of the Earth's climate. Humans should become the stewards of Earth.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: IX, 572 p. 121 illus., 98 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030677732
    Series Statement: The Frontiers Collection,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 88
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Petrology. ; Geochemistry. ; Geophysics. ; Numerical analysis. ; Earth Sciences. ; Petrology. ; Geochemistry. ; Geophysics. ; Numerical Analysis.
    Description / Table of Contents: Common theoretical and practical basis -- The multifaceted nature of magma mixing -- The fundamental phenomenon -- The evolution of igneous rocks and in triggering explosive volcanic eruptions -- Draw the most complete picture about this natural process.
    Abstract: This book provides a common theoretical and practical basis to the multifaceted nature of magma mixing. This process represents a fundamental phenomenon both in the evolution of igneous rocks and in triggering explosive volcanic eruptions. The topic is attacked surgically merging field evidence, numerical models, and experiments in order to draw the most complete picture about this natural process. Arguments are discussed in the light of Chaos Theory and Fractal Geometry as new tools to understand the role of magma mixing as a fundamental petrological and volcanological process. The book is intended to be a source of information and a stimulus for new ideas in students, young and possibly more experienced researches. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 162 p. 162 illus., 35 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030818111
    Series Statement: Advances in Volcanology, An Official Book Series of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 89
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Paleontology . ; Cartography. ; Earth Sciences. ; Paleontology. ; Cartography.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1. Introduction -- 2. Geologic Framework -- 3. Field Geology/Description of Outcrop Location -- 4. Facies Analysis -- 5. Discussion and Conclusion.
    Abstract: This book broadens the reader's knowledge base on lithofacies distribution, facies succession and association, and interpretation of paleo-depositional environments using outcrop-based and measured se¬dimentologic section data integrated with facies and petrographic analyses. Besides, the author also provides step-by¬step workflow that could guide detailed geological field mapping and improve outcrop studies across Middle-Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian–Campanian) successions of Southern Benue Trough and the lower stratigraphic interval of Anambra Basin, outcropping in Afikpo area of Southeastern Nigeria.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 66 p. 36 illus., 27 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030681883
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 90
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geology. ; Sedimentology. ; Oceanography. ; Geotechnical engineering. ; Geophysics. ; Geology. ; Sedimentology. ; Ocean Sciences. ; Geotechnical Engineering and Applied Earth Sciences.
    Description / Table of Contents: New Tectonic map of the Arctic -- Deep structures of the Circumpolar Arctic -- Arctic sedimentary cover structure and Eastern Arctic structure maps -- Geological and paleogeographic map of the Eastern Arctic -- Study of the Arctic seabed rocks -- Geology of the Eastern Arctic islands and continental fridge of the Arctic seas -- Correlation of Chukotka, Wrangel Island and the Mendeleev Rise -- Tectonic model and evolution of the Arctic.
    Abstract: The book gives an overview of the tectonic, geological, potential fields, etc maps of the Arctic that were compiled during geological and geophysical studies conducted in the Arctic over the past 15 years under the International project “Atlas of Geological Maps of the Circumpolar Arctic at a scale of 5M” and presents the results of geological, geophysical, paleogeographic and tectonic studies carried out in the Arctic Ocean and the Eastern Arctic during the implementation of national mapping and scientific programmes and studies intended to provide scientific substantiation for the extension of the continental shelf (ECS). Given its scope, the book will appeal to a wide range of geologists. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIII, 208 p. 126 illus., 119 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030468620
    Series Statement: Springer Geology,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 91
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geology. ; Mineralogy. ; Geographic information systems. ; Geophysics. ; Geology. ; Mineralogy. ; Geographical Information System.
    Description / Table of Contents: Volcanoes and volcanic activity -- Crustal deformation -- The rise of magma through the crust -- Magma emplacement and accumulation: from sills to magma chambers -- Calderas -- Volcano flank instability and collapse -- Shallow magma transfer -- Volcano monitoring -- Unrest and eruption forecasting.
    Abstract: Volcanoes have terrified and, at the same time, fascinated civilizations for thousands of years. Many aspects of volcanoes, most notably the eruptive processes and the compositional variations of magma, have been widely investigated for several decades and today constitute the core of any volcanology textbook. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, boosted by the availability of volcano monitoring data, there has been an increasing interest in the pre-eruptive processes related to the shallow accumulation and to the transfer of magma approaching the surface, as well as in the resulting structure of volcanoes. These are innovative and essential aspects of modern volcanology and, as driving volcanic unrest, their understanding also improves hazard assessment and eruption forecasting. So far, the significant progress made in unravelling these volcano-tectonic processes has not been supported by a comprehensive overview. This monograph aims at filling this gap, describing the pre-eruptive processes related to the structure, deformation and tectonics of volcanoes, at the local and regional scale, in any tectonic setting. The monograph is organized into three sections (“Fundamentals”, “Magma migration towards the surface” and “The regional perspective”), consisting of thirteen chapters that are lavishly illustrated. The reader is accompanied in a journey within the volcano factory, discovering the processes associated with the shallow accumulation of magma and its transfer towards the surface, how these control the structure of volcanoes and their activity and, ultimately, improve our ability to estimate hazard and forecast eruption. The potential readership includes any academic, researcher and upper undergraduate student interested in volcanology, magma intrusions, structural geology, tectonics, geodesy, as well as geology and geophysics in general.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVII, 552 p. 342 illus., 338 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030659684
    Series Statement: Advances in Volcanology, An Official Book Series of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 92
    Keywords: Earth sciences. ; Arts. ; Interior architecture. ; Architecture. ; Human geography. ; Cultural property. ; Earth Sciences. ; Fine Art. ; Interior Architecture. ; Architecture. ; Human Geography. ; Cultural Heritage.
    Description / Table of Contents: Domestic Architecture and the City Identity:The Historic City of Homs and Its Traditional Courtyard Houses as a Case Study -- Dialogical Approach for the City identity: Examination of Beirut Central District Contemporary Architecture -- Identifying the Perceptual Image of Distinctive Places through Storytelling -- Improving Urban Contexts' Identity via Conducting a Smart Mechanism -- Analytical Study of The Visual Content of Khuwy’s Tomb in Saqqara in Egypt -- Psycho-Social Impact of New-Communities Ads in Egypt on Impending Crime Rates -- Using Sonic Perception To Improve Public Spaces And Develop Place Identity -- Is It Possible To Define Architectural Identity More Objectively? -- Developing a Model for Evaluation of Heritage Urban Open-Air Museums: Applied to Al-Moez Street open-air Museum – Cairo -- Porous Images: Benjamin Reveals Naples -- The Impact of Identity in Determining the Characteristics of the Public Arts in Landscape -- The Reflection of Local Materials and Culture on Architecture: A Case Study of Harra -- Vernacular Architecture as an Expression of Cities’ Identity: Gercüş Houses in Turkey -- How Can We Recover The Identity of The City? Workshops of “The City Of Tomorrow / A Vila Do Mañá” -- Energy Efficiency in Architecture Design in Mohenjo-Daro.
    Abstract: This book discusses several topics regarding different vocabularies, such as sacred architecture, heritage buildings, open spaces, landmarks, and street escapes, all of which have a direct influence on the city form. The city form is also affected by the indirect impact of the citizens themselves, for example their culture, which in turn depends on the arts, as can be seen and embodied in morals, paintings, media, digital art, and sculpture. The book also examines the fundamental elements that are responsible for the identity of the city. Presenting case studies that demonstrate the how implementing the concept of the responsibility of architecture and arts affects the development of our cities, the book offers a new approach that is based on the available features of a city and explores how planners and decision-makers can use these features to address the myriad problems that our cities are facing.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVI, 339 p. 303 illus., 246 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030519612
    Series Statement: Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation, IEREK Interdisciplinary Series for Sustainable Development,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 93
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geology. ; Mineralogy. ; Geophysics. ; Geology. ; Mineralogy.
    Description / Table of Contents: Timing of South Delhi orogeny: Interpretation from structural fabric and granite geochronology (Beawar-Rupnagar-Babra area, Rajasthan, NW India) -- Deformation in the Aravalli Supergroup, Aravalli-Delhi mobile belt, NW India and tectonic significance. -- Evolution of the “Central Indian Tectonic Zone”: a critique based on the study of the Sausar belt -- Tectonic Development of the Bengal Basin in Relation to Fold-Thrust Belt to the East and to the North -- Structural imprints of Andaman accretionary prism and its tectonic relation with ophiolite belt of Indo-Burma ranges -- Two and Three-Dimensional Structural Modelling of Central Kohat Plateau, Northwestern Himalaya, Pakistan -- The northern margin of the Eastern Ghats Belt : evidence for strike-slip tectonics along a craton-mobile belt boundary -- A preliminary study on Earthquake source properties based on Geochemistry, Shear resistance and Melt pressure of Pseudotachylites, Gangavalli fault, South India -- Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) studies on quartzites of Champaner Group, upper Aravallis: An implication to decode regional tectonics of Southern Aravalli Mountain Belt (SAMB), Gujarat, Western India -- Tectonic implications of small-scale structures in the main central thrust zone of Garhwal Higher Himalaya -- Thrust sheets, tectonic windows, and intermontane basins in the Nepal Himalaya.
    Abstract: This book summarizes the latest research on the structural geology of the mobile belts of the Indian subcontinent including the Himalayas, NE Himalayas, Bangladesh thrust belt, Andaman subduction zone, the Aravalli‐Delhi, the Central India Tectonic Zone, the Singhbhum, the Eastern Ghats and the Southern granulite terrane. It offers essential information on deformational structures in the mobile belt, such as folding patterns, the character of the shear zone, shear strain analysis, and faults, as well as fault zone rocks. The findings presented here are based on field observations, mapping, sampling and analysis work (e.g. petrographic studies), as well as limited geochemical and geochronological analysis to support the findings. A discussion on the structural evolution of these mobile belts and their connections with other belts rounds out the coverage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XII, 254 p. 97 illus., 77 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030405939
    Series Statement: Society of Earth Scientists Series,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 94
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geophysics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. General Introduction -- Chapter 2. Electrical Conduction Through Rocks -- Chapter 3. Signal Processing -- Chapter 4. Electrotellurics -- Chapter 5. Magnetotellurics -- Chapter 6. Auxiliary Tools in Magnetotellurics -- Chapter 7. Geomagnetic Depth Sounding (GDS) -- Chapter 8. Marine Electromagnetics -- Chapter 9. Mathematical Modelling -- Chapter 10. Inversion of Geophysical Data.
    Abstract: This research monograph discusses all the branches of geophysics based on natural electromagnetic fields and their associated subjects. Meant for postgraduate and research level courses, it includes research guidance and collection of magnetotelluric data in some parts of Eastern India and their qualitative and quantitative interpretation. Specific topics highlighted include (i) Electrotellurics, (ii) Magnetotellurics, (iii) Geomagnetic Depth Sounding and Magnetometer Array Studies, (iv) Audio Frequency Magnetotellurics and Magnetic Methods, (v) Marine Magnetotelluric and Marine Controlled Source Electromagnetic Methods, (vi) Electrical Conductivity of Rocks and Minerals and (vii) Mathematical Modelling and Some Topics on Inversion needed for Interpretation of Geoelectrical Data.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXVI, 605 p. 325 illus., 35 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030380977
    Series Statement: Springer Geophysics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 95
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Atmospheric science. ; Landscape ecology. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Atmospheric Science. ; Landscape Ecology.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction -- Chapter 2. The energy balance of permafrost soils and ecosystems -- Chapter 3. The role of ground ice -- Chapter 4. Permafrost carbon quantities and fluxes -- Chapter 5. Permafrost in transition -- Chapter 6. Vegetation change -- Chapter 7. Methane -- Chapter 8. Models: Forecasting the present and future of permafrost -- References -- Glossary.
    Abstract: This book provides a cross-disciplinary overview of permafrost and the carbon cycle by providing an introduction into the geographical distribution of permafrost, with a focus on the distribution of permafrost and its soil carbon reservoirs. The chapters explain the basic physical properties and processes of permafrost soils: ice, mineral and organic components, and how these interact with climate, vegetation and geomorphological processes. In particular, the book covers the role of the large quantities of ice in many permafrost soils which are crucial to understanding carbon cycle processes. An explanation is given on how permafrost becomes loaded with ice and carbon. Gas hydrates are also introduced. Structures and processes formed by the intense freeze-thaw action in the active layer are considered (e.g. ice wedging, cryoturbation), and the processes that occur as the permafrost thaws, (pond and lake formation, erosion). The book introduces soil carbon accumulation and decomposition mechanisms and how these are modified in a permafrost environment. A separate chapter deals with deep permafrost carbon, gas reservoirs and recently discovered methane emission phenomena from regions such as Northwest Siberia and the Siberian yedoma permafrost.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 508 p. 202 illus., 169 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030313791
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 96
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geophysics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I: Advances in Modeling, Inversion, Interpretations and New Methods -- Chapter 1. Joint Inversion of Airborne VLF-EM and magnetic data -- Chapter 2. How to deal with uncertainty in Inversion -- Chapter 3. Modeling Streaming potential in Porous Media, Description and Benefits of the effective excess charge approach -- Chapter 4. Integrated interpretation of airborne geophysical data -- Chapter 5. Advances in the electrical resistivity method for environmental and engineering problems -- Chapter 6. Global optimization algorithms for exploration geophysics: a review -- Chapter 7. On the electromagnetic scattering of objects of regular geometry: implications of near surface investigations -- Chapter 8. Application of gravity and self-potential new formula to mineral exploration -- Chapter 9. Role of Euler Deconvolution in near surface gravity and magnetic applications -- Chapter 10. Efficacy of Geophysical Methods to Delineate Thin Aquifers at Greater Depths -- Chapter 11. One and two dimensional problems in direct current resistivity domain -- Part II: Field Studies -- Chapter 12 Geothermal potential and Circulation depth of thermal springs in the Hudai geothermal field of Sandıklı basin (Afyon, Central Turkey) using geothermometry and heat flow data -- Chapter 13. Mineral discrimination by multi-frequency induced polarization: two case histories -- Chapter 14. Geoelectrical characterization of chumathang hot spring area -- Chapter 15. Application of three geophysical methods in sinkholes investigations: A case study of Mărghitaş Karst Plateau, Banat Mountains, Romania -- Chapter 16. Integrated Geoelectrical and Hydrochemical investigation of Shallow Aquifers in Konkan Coastal Area, Maharashtra, India: Advanced Artificial Neural Networks based Simulation Approach -- Chapter 17. Heliborne TDEM (Time Domain Electromagnetic) Methods for Ground Water and Mineral Exploration -- Chapter 18. Ground Penetrating Radar (Under Water) for Condition Assessment of Stilling Basins -- Chapter 19. Geo-electrical imaging for geotechnical investigation: A case study -- Chapter 20. Applications of geophysical techniques in resolving the saline and fresh water interaction in the coastal region of India: A review for the past few decades. .
    Abstract: This book deals primarily with the aspects of advances in near surface geophysical data modeling, different interpretation techniques, new ideas and an integrated study to delineate the subsurface structures. It also involves the practical application of different geophysical methods to delineate the subsurface structures associated with mineral, groundwater exploration, subsurface contamination, hot springs, coal fire etc. This book is specifically aimed with the state-of-art information regarding research advances and new developments in these areas of study, coupled to extensive modeling and field investigations obtained from around the world. It is extremely enlightening for the research workers, scientists, faculty members and students, in Applied Geophysics, Near Surface Geophysics, Potential Field, Electrical and Electromagnetic Methods, Mathematical Modeling Techniques in Earth Sciences, as well as Environmental Geophysics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XV, 414 p. 204 illus., 142 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030289096
    Series Statement: Springer Geophysics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 97
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Physical geography. ; Climatology. ; Environment. ; Natural disasters. ; Urban economics. ; Earth System Sciences. ; Climate Sciences. ; Environmental Sciences. ; Natural Hazards. ; Urban Economics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter1. Introduction -- Chapter2. Arresting/Controlling Salt Water Contamination Of Coastal Aquifers -- Chapter3. Structures That Protect Sea Coast Populations, Assets, And GDPs: Sea Dikes, Breakwaters, Sea Walls -- Chapter4. Coastal City Flooding -- Chapter5. Physical Care: Lessening Impacts From Other Natural Hazards -- Chapter6. Disease Protection In Sea Coast (And Inland) Cities: Problems in Dense Populations with Shantytowns/Slums -- Chapter7. An Example of Coastal Cities Hazard Exposure and Economics -- Chapter8. Decisions, Costs, Funding To Protect Coastal Cities: Populations And Assets (Personal And Municipal/National).
    Abstract: This book discusses the identification of, solutions to, and management of threats to high population coastal cities and their seaports from global warming, climate change and endemic hazards. These include prevention of sea water intrusion of freshwater coastal aquifers, emplacement of barriers that mitigate the threats from sea level rise, and inundation of urban centers plus those from storm surges that cause flooding and salination of inshore terrain. The book assesses mitigation of the effects of extreme weather events such as drought, and major flooding from heavy rainfall on coastal urban centers, or on associated drainage basins. It also considers how coastal cities can counter vulnerabilities from other physical hazards (e.g., earthquakes - building codes) and health hazards (e.g., pollution, public health response - preparedness) that may be related to a city’s geological/geographical location and service as a port of entry for goods and travelers (regional and international). The book also cites the high costs of safeguarding citizen and municipal assets, but notes possible sources of potential funding especially from less developed and developing nations. The book is written to give strong background information to students majoring in environmental sciences or those in other majors with interests in the effects of global warming/climate change, and will be of interest to social scientists, think tank personnel, government planners, and lay persons in environmentally oriented organizations. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XI, 86 p. 4 illus., 3 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030226695
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 98
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Earth sciences. ; Artificial intelligence. ; Pattern recognition systems. ; Geophysics. ; Earth Sciences. ; Artificial Intelligence. ; Automated Pattern Recognition.
    Description / Table of Contents: Methods -- Syntactic classifications of time series -- Fuzzy logic approach to classification -- Discrete Mathematical Analysis and clustering -- Intellectual Geographic Information Systems.-Fuzzy Logic Algorithmic System for Anomaly Recognition (FLASAR) -- Data and applications -- Aeromagnetic surveys: spatial magnetic anomalies recognition -- GIS data layers: world magnetic atlas -- Electromagnetic data: monitoring of volcanic activities -- Geodynamics -- Seismological data -- INTERMAGNET observations and data processing -- Extreme events (Xevents).
    Abstract: Geomagnetic field penetrates through all shells of the solid Earth, hydrosphere and atmosphere, spreading into space. The Earth Magnetic Field plays a key-role in major natural processes. Geomagnetic field variations in time and space provide important information about the state of the solid Earth, as well as the solar-terrestrial relationships and space weather conditions. The monograph presents a set of fundamental and, at the same time, urgent scientific problems of modern geomagnetic studies, as well as describes the results of the authors’ developments. The new technique introduced in the book can be applied far beyond the limits of Earth sciences. Requirements to corresponding data models are formulated. The conducted experimental investigations are combined with development and implementation of new methods of mathematical modeling, artificial intelligence, systems analysis and data science to solve the fundamental problems of geomagnetism. At that, formalism of Big Data and its application to Earth Sciences is presented as essential part of systems analysis. The book is intended for research scientists, tutors, students, postgraduate students and engineers working in geomagnetism and Earth sciences in general, as well as in other relevant scientific disciplines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 311 p. 169 illus., 107 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030589691
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 99
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Geology. ; Atmospheric science. ; Geophysics. ; Geology. ; Atmospheric Science.
    Description / Table of Contents: Andaman Ophiolite: An Overview -- Timing of formation and obduction of the Andaman Ophiolite -- Facies stacking of a deep sea depositional lobe: Case study from Paleogene Andaman Flysch, South Andaman Islands, India -- Spatial variation in the composition of Andaman Flysch across the Andaman Islands in relation to source of sediments and tectonics -- Tracing the sources and depositional pathways for the Oligocene sediments in the Andaman Forearc -- Seismicity, lithospheric structure and mantle deformation in the Andaman Nicobar Subduction Zone -- Lithospheric Framework of Sumatra-Andaman Subduction Zone - A Review -- Crustal model for the Andaman Outer Arc: Constraints from Earthquake, Gravity and Receiver Function Data -- Geomagnetic Deep Sounding in Andaman Islands -- On the Trail of the Great 2004 Andaman-Sumatra Earthquake: Seismotectonics and Regional Tsunami History from the Andaman-Nicobar Segment -- A glimpse of crustal deformation through earthquake supercycle in the Andaman region using GPS measurements -- Tectonics of the Andaman Backarc Basin – Present Understanding and Some Outstanding Questions -- Miocene to Pleistocene Palaeoceanography of the Andaman Region: Evolution of the Indian Monsoon on a Warmer-Than-Present Earth -- Late Quaternary Chronostratigraphy, Carbonate Mass Accumulation Rates and Paleoceanography of the Andaman Sea -- Mid to Late Holocene reconstruction of the southwest monsoonal shifts based on a marine sediment core off the Landfall Island, Bay of Bengal.
    Abstract: This book gathers peer-reviewed research articles on recent advances concerning the geology, geophysics, tectonics, geochronology, sedimentology, igneous petrology, paleo-climate and paleo-oceanography of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India and the adjoining ocean basins. Accordingly, it contributes significantly to readers’ understanding of the origin and evolution of the Andaman subduction zone and its various components. It also provides much-needed information on the evolution of the South Asian monsoon system since the Eocene and its link to Himalayan weathering and erosion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XIV, 400 p. 140 illus., 120 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030398439
    Series Statement: Society of Earth Scientists Series,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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  • 100
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Keywords: Geophysics. ; Quantum physics. ; Magnetism. ; Geophysics. ; Quantum Physics. ; Magnetism.
    Description / Table of Contents: 1 Recalls of classical mechanics -- 2 Recalls of the classical theory of the electromagnetic field -- 3 The crisis of classical physics and the dawn of quantum physics -- 4 The principles of quantum mechanics -- 5 First applications of quantum theory -- 6 The quantum measurement of gravity. .
    Abstract: During the last thirty years a great advancement in low energy physics, particularly interactions of atoms with the electromagnetic field, has been achieved and the development of electronics and laser techniques has allowed to implement a fine manipulation of atoms with photons. A wealth of important applications has sprung out from the ability of manipulating large samples of cold atoms. Among them, the improvement of atomic clocks and the creation of atomic gyroscopes and of atomic gravity meters, which is obviously of great interest for geodesists and geophysicists, particularly for potential applications in satellite geodesy. This book explains the fundamental concepts necessary to understand atom manipulation by photons, including the principles of quantum mechanics. It is conceived as a road that leads the reader from classical physics (mechanics and electromagnetism, considered as a common scientific background of geodesists and geophysicists), to the basics of quantum mechanics in order to understand the dynamics of atoms falling in the gravity field, while interacting with suitably resonant laser beams. There are different types of measurements of gravity based on the manipulation of ultra-cold atoms; the book presents the principles of the instruments based on stimulated Raman transition, which can be easily worked out analytically. However, the concepts explained in the text can provide a good starting point to understand also the applications based on the so-called Block oscillations or on the Bose–Einstein condensation. .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: VIII, 133 p. 18 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2020.
    ISBN: 9783030428389
    Series Statement: Springer Geophysics,
    DDC: 550
    Language: English
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